专题一、冠词
高频考点命题突破
（一）单一考点
单一考点1 普通名词前使用冠词的类指用法
⑴在“a/an+单数名词”“the+单数名词”“零冠词+复数名词、不可数名词”中，所用冠词都可表类指，但也有细微区别：
1）“the+单数名词”指的是整个类别，这个类别是可以区别于另一个类别的。
The car goes faster than the bike.
例1 The biggest whale is _______ blue whale, which grows to be about 29 meters long—the height of _______ 9-story building.
A. the; the
B. a; a
C. a; the
D. the; a
2) “a/an+单数名词”侧重于指类别中任何一个的特点。
A tiger is a type of very large fierce wild cat that has yellow fur with black bands across.
3) “零冠词+复数名词、不可数名词”侧重指类别中的许多个体
Farmers are busy in autumn.
4) 在使用冠词时要根据所要表达内容的具体情况而定。
The tiger is in danger of becoming extinct.
(不能说：A tiger is in danger of becoming extinct.因为濒临灭绝的是整个虎类，而不是任何一只虎面临灭绝的危险。)
⑵“the+形容词或分词”有时也可表类指。
the wounded 伤员the dying 垂死的人the unknown 未知的事物the deaf 聋子the young年轻人the old 老人the living 生者the dead 死者
⑶民族词汇前的冠词类指用法是在复数民族词汇前加the
The Chinese are hard-working.
有些民族词汇有两种复数形式，如：English, Englishmen; French, Frenchmen等。在这种情况下，the English表类指，the Englishmen既可表类指，又可表专指。
The French/Frenchmen are romantic.
The Frenchmen are playing tennis now.
单一考点2 不定冠词的基本用法
⑴不定冠词有a, an两种形式，当紧跟着冠词的第一个音素为辅音音素（注意：不是辅音字母）时用a; 当紧跟着冠词的第一个音素为元音音素（注意：不是元音字母）时用an。如：
a box, an X-ray, an honor等。
⑵不定冠词表示one, the same, a certain或every的意思。
They are of an age.(=the same)
I will return in a day or two.(=one or two days)
例2 Cui Jianping, who gave his life to save a girl in America ten years ago, was _______ honor to our school. A memorial is held here every year in ______ honor of him.
A. an; the
B. an; /
C. the; the
D. /,/
⑶有些不可数名词如knowledge, collection, understanding等是由其动词转化而来的，它们后面加of…时，前面需用不定冠词a/an.
单一考点3 定冠词的基本用法
⑴用在姓氏复数前，表夫妇两人或一家人。
The Greens are at table.
The Chens are going to move to Nanjing.
例3 –Could you tell me the way to _______ Johnsons, please?
--Sorry, we don’t have ________ Johnson here in the village.
A. the; the
B. the; a
C. /; the
D. the; /
⑵用在年代、朝代名词及逢十的数词（表某个年代）前。
the Tang Dynasty; the Spring and Autumn Period; in the 1990’s
⑶用在表量度单位的名词前，表示“每一”。
I have hired the car by the hour.
Eggs are sold by the dozen.
⑷句型“动词+sb.+介词+the+身体某一部位”中的the不可用物主代词代替。如：take sb. by the arm抓某人的胳膊，hit sb. in the face 打某人的脸。此外，在be red in the face（脸红），be lame in the right leg（右腿跛），be blind in the eye(眼盲)等结构中，名词前也要用the.
单一考点4 零冠词的基本用法
⑴不可数名词、复数名词表泛指，用零冠词。
Students went to the doctor for advice about their health.
例4 It’s well-known that _______ year 2006 saw many developments in _______ science and technology with those in the field of space science being particularly notable.
A. /; /
B. the; /
C. the; the
D. /; the
⑵牢记以下一般用零冠词的情况：
歌诀巧记：月、季、星期、节假、洲、称呼、头衔、职务前；三餐、球类、惯用语，学科、棋类名词前。
但这些用法是相对而言的，在不同的句子中，可能会用到不定冠词或定冠词。因此，用哪种冠词要视情况而定。
_________ is the harvest season. 秋季是收获的季节。
The organization was founded in _________ of the year 2010. 这个组织是在2010年春天成立的。
⑶系动词turn（变成）后的单数名词作表语，用零冠词。
Has he turned scientist?
⑷“零冠词+单数名词+as/though+主语+谓语，主句”，意为“虽然、尽管……，但是……”。Hero as he is, he has some shortcomings.
⑸man意为“人类”，word意为“消息”时，用零冠词。
Man is the master of nature.
⑹在独立主格结构的某一形式中用零冠词。
The teacher came in, book in hand.(=with a book in his hand/holding a book in his hand/a book held in his hand)
举一反三
1.As is known to us all, ________ panda is in ________ danger of becoming extinct.
A. the; a
B. the; /
C. a; /
D. /; the
2. He spent too much time talking on _______ phone while we were all busy at _______ work.
A. the; /
B. a; /
C. /;/
D. the; the
3. As _________ unemployment is very high at the moment, it’s very difficult for people to find
______ work.
A. the; /
B. /; /
C. the; a
D. an; the
4. Apartments in cities can be very high. Renters are paying up to $1,000 per month for
______-bedroom apartment.
A. one a
B. the one
C. one
D. a one
5. The education of ________ young is always ________ hot and serious topic.
A. /; /
B. the; a
C. /; the
D. the; ./
(二)综合考点
综合考点5 冠词的特殊位置
⑴不定冠词的特殊位置
1）不定冠词通常置于修饰名词的形容词前，但要放在so, as, too, how, however等副词修饰的形容词的后面。so/as/too/how/however+adj.+a/an+单数名词。
It is so good a film that we all want to see it again.
However clever a student he is, he should follow the teacher’s instructions now.
2) such和what作定语修饰名词时，不定冠词也应放在其后。
He is such a kind man.
3)当名词前的比较级被no, all, far, much等修饰时，不定冠词也要后置。
He is no more a lord than I.
4）quite和rather修饰可数名词单数时，a/an可放在quite/rather之后，也可放在quite/rather 之前。
He came after a rather/rather a long time.
(注意)
①quite只修饰名词时，冠词只能置于quite后。
②quite/rather a few, quite/rather a little等短语中，由于a few, a little是固定短语，故不可拆
开变成a quite/rather few, a quite/rather little.
5) 定冠词的特殊位置：在名词词组中，定冠词一般放在最前面，但名词词组中如果有exactly, just, half, double, twice, all, both, of等修饰时，定冠词要放在这些词后面。如：exactly the same color完全相同的颜色，just the right place就是这个地方，half the story故事的一半，double the amount双倍的数量
例5 The whale is ______ biggest animal in the world, which grows to be about 29 meters long—the height of _____ 9-story building.
A. the; the
B. a; a
C. a; the
D. the; a
综合考点6 习惯用语
⑴与不定冠词连用的习语：
have a cold; have a good/happy time; have a gift for; have a word with; in a hurry; once in a while; at a loss; for a while; once upon a time; all of a sudden; with a score of; at a distance; have a population of; a waste of; a matter of; have/take a rest; have a holiday; get a lift/ride; go on a diet 等。
This picture looks beautiful at a distance.
例6 I don’t understand what the engineer means, but I’ve got _______ rough idea of _______ project plan.
A. the; a
B. /; the
C. the; /
D. a; the
⑵与定冠词连用的习语：make the most/best of; in the daytime; in the end; in the habit of; not in the least(=not at all); in the distance; in the way; on the whole; on the right/left; on the one hand…, on the other hand; at the same time; all the moment; go to the cinema/theatre; go to the doctor’s; the other day; for the time being; on the radio/phone; on the spot; to tell the truth; by the way; to the public等
例7 Let’s go to _______ cinema—that’ll take your mind off the problem for ______ while.
A. the; the
B. the; a
C. a; the
D. a; a
⑶不用冠词的固定习语：at noon/dawn/daybreak/dusk/night/midnight; on second thoughts; no such boy; come to light; come to power=(take office); give birth to; come/rank first; out of work/order/control/date/patience/question; in debt等。
例8 There are over 58,000 rocky objects in _______ space, about 900 of which could fall down onto _______ earth.
A. the; the
B. /; the
C. the; /
D. a; the
综合考点7 冠词的活用
⑴抽象名词具体化时，被具体化的名词可能会与a/an连用。
a surprise
a pleasure
a success/failure
a concern
例9 – How about ________ Christmas evening party?
--I should say it was __________ success.
A. a; a
B. the; a
C. a; /
D. the; /
⑵形容词比较级前用定冠词表示“两者当中较……的”，而形容词比较级前用不定冠词，表示“再、更……”。most前用定冠词表示“三者或三者以上中最……的”，most前用不定冠词，并无比较含义，而是相当于very.
It’s a very useful book.
例10 Of all ______ reasons for my decision to become a university professor, my father’s advice was _______ most important one.
A. the; a
B. /;a
C. /; the
D. the; the
⑶‖the+序数词‖表排序，“a/an+序数词”不表示排序，而表“又一、再一”
Can you give me a second chance?
例11 First impressions are the most lasting. After all, you never get ________ second chance to make ________ first impression.
A. a; the
B. the; the
C. a; a
D. the; a
⑷表示世界上独一无二的事物的名词，前面一般加定冠词，但如果此类名词有修饰成分，也可加a/an. 如：the moon 月球；a full moon 一轮满月
⑸牢记高考中常见的纯不可数名词，它们是：weather, fun, space(太空)，advice, word(=news), progress, information, news, 以上不可数名词永远不能与不定冠词连用。
Beyond the stars, the astronaut saw nothing but space.
⑹乐器名称前往往用定冠词，但是当此类名词用作普通名词时，可以与不定冠词连用
play the piano
play a borrowed piano
⑺专有名词前冠词的用法也比较复杂，但一般情况下，不含普通名词的纯专有名词前不用冠词，如：Beijing, New York等。但是：
1）在江河、湖泊、海洋、山脉、群岛、海峡、海湾、运河前用the.
the Changjiang River the Hudson River the West Lake
2）在普通名词前构成的专有名词前用the.
the Great Wall the Summer Palace
例12 According to ________ World Health Organization, health care plans are needed in all big
cities to prevent ________ spread of AIDS.
A. the; the
B. the; /
C. a; a
D. /; the
3）有一些地名，如果是以纯专有名词开头的，一般不用冠词，大前年如果是以普通名词开头的，一般用定冠词。如：Beijing University，也可以说the University of Beijing.
⑻有无冠词的区别
go to school
go to the school go to church
go to the church go to bed
go to the bed
be in hospital
be in the hospital be in prison
be in the prison be in front of be in the front of
sit at table
sit at the table
by day
by the day
take place
take the place of
in possession of
in the possession of
in charge of
in the charge of
in future
in the future
in office
in the office
in class
in the class
in store
in the store
out of question
out of the question
举一反三
1.Since tasting the excitement of _______ city life, she never wants to live in ________ country
again.
A. the; the
B. /; /
C. the; /
D. /; the
2.The operation is _________ success and the patient is now out of _________ .
A. a; the
B. a; /
C. /; the
D. /; /
3. As ______ writer, he was ________ complete failure.
A. a; a
B. a; the
C. /; /
D. a; /
4. How strange! These years my birthday always falls _________ .
A. on the Sunday
B. on a Sunday
C. on Sunday
D. at a Sunday
5. This is ________ best kind of ________ pen you can get here.
A. the; the
B. the; a
C. the; /
D. a; the
⑼表示语言的名词前通常不用冠词，特殊情况下可用冠词。
例13 –Do you know ________ English for ―帅哥‖?
--I’m afraid I don’t. I’m not interested in _______ English language.
A. the; the
B. the; /
C. /; the
D. /; /
1) 当语言名词表特指意义，其前可用定冠词。
The English spoken in America and Canada is a little different from that spoken in England.
2)当语言名词表示某一语言中的对应词时，其前要用定冠词。
What’s the English for this?
3)当在语言名词后加上language 一词时，也要用冠词。
There have been many changes in the history of the English language.
例14 I couldn’t remember the exact date of the storm, but I knew it was _______ Sunday because everybody was at ________ church.
A. a; the
B. a; /
C. /; a
D. /; /
举一反三
1.Many people agree that ________ knowledge of English is a must in _______ international
trade today.
2.The cakes are delicious. I’d like to have _______ third one as ________ second one I ate was
too small.
A. the; the
B. a; the
C. the; a
D. a; a
3._______ England of those years was _________ England in peace.
A. /;/
B. The; an
C. The; /
D. /; an
4. – Did you happen to see _______ black an _________ white cat?
--Are they missing? I told you to take care of them.
A. a;/
B. the; /
C. the; the
D. a; the
5. My friend Mary is ________ beautiful and ________ girl everyone likes to works with.
A. a; a
B. a; the
C. the; a
D. the; the
6. _________ is his favorite subject, but he doesn’t know ________ for ―工作‖.
A. English; English
B. The English; the English
C. English; the English
D. The English;English
⑽ hair（头发)和beard（胡须）性质和用法不同
例15 Which person do you refer to, the one with ________ long hair or the one with _________ long beard?
A. a; a
B. /;/
C. a; /
D. /;a
解析精彩好题
1.(2011. 浙江) Experts think that ________ recently discovered painting may be _______ a
Picasso.
A. the; /
B. a; the
C. a; /
D. the; a
2.(2011.盐城二检) I couldn’t remember the exact date of the storm, but I knew it was ______
Sunday because everybody was at _______ church.
A. a; the
B. a; /
C. /; a
D. /; /
3.(2010.四川)In ________ most countries, a university degree can give you ______ flying start
in life.
A. the; a
B. the;/
C. /; /
D. /; a
4.(2010.辽宁) There are over 58,000 rocky objects in _______ space, about 900 of which could
fall down onto _______ earth.
A. the; the
B. /; the
C. the;/
D. a; the
5.(2010.天津联考) _______ strong and powerful China will certainly benefit _________ whole
world.
A. A; a
B. The; a
C. The; the
D. A; the
6.(2010.海南五校联考) We have every reason to believe that ________ 2010 World Expo in
Shanghai will be _______ success.
A. /; a
B. the; /
C. the; a
D. a; a
7.(2010.安徽教学质量检测) To tell _______ truth, his coming is really ________ big
surprise to most people present at the party.
A. /; a
B. the; /
C. the; a
D. /; /
8. (2010.山东聊城二模) Confucius Temple, ________ world cultural heritage, is about 65
kilometres ______ south of Mount Tai.
A. the; the
B. a; the
C. the; /
D. a; /
9. (2010.吉林质量检测) I knew ______ John Lennon, but not _______ famous one.
10. (2009. 全国I) Let’s go to _______ cinema—that’ll take your mind off the problem for _____
while.
A. the; the
B. the; a
C. a; the
D. a; a
2012高考冠词题
1.（全国大纲卷）He missed _______ gold in the high jump, but will get _______ second chance in the long jump.
A. the; the
B. /; a
C. the; a
D. a; /
2.(江西)The Smiths don’t usually like staying at _______ hotel s, but last summer they spent a few days at a very nice hotel by _______ sea.
A. /; a
B. the; the
C. /; the
D. the; a
3.(安徽) Carl is studying ______ food science at college and hopes to open up ________ meat processing factory of his own one day.
A. /;a
B. /; the
C. the; a
D. the; the
4.(四川) We are said to be living in ________ Information Age, ______ time of new discoveries and great changes.
A. an; the
B. /; the
C. /; a
D. the; a
5.(山东)Being able to afford _______drink would be _______ comfort in those tough times.
A. the; the
B. a; a
C. a; /
D. /; a
6.(辽宁) I woke up with ______ bad headache, yet by _______ evening the pain had gone/
A. the; the
B. the; an
C. a; the
D. a; an
7.(重庆) Sam has been appointed _______ manager of the engineering department to take ________ place of George.
A. /; /
B. the; /
C. the; the
D. /; the
8.(浙江) The department of industry has been _______ gradual process throughout ______ human existence from stone tools to modern technology.
A. /; the
B. the; a
C. a; /
D. a; a
2011高考冠词题
1.(全国I) It is generally accepted that ________ boy must learn to stand up and fight like _______ man.
A. a; a
B. a; the
C. the; the
D. a; /
2.(全国II) As he reached ________ front door, Jack saw ________ strange sight.
A. the; /
B. a; the
C. /; a
D. the; a
3. (山东)Take your time—it’s just _______ short distance form here to ________ restaurant.
A. /; the
B. a; the
C. the; a
D. /; a
4.(江西) –It’s said John will be in a job paying over $60,000 _______ year.
--Right, he will also get paid by ________ week.
A. the; the
B. a; the
C. the; a
D. a; a
5. (陕西)As is known to all, ________ People’s Republic of China is ________ biggest developing country in the world.
A. the; /
B. /; the
C. the; the
D. /; /
6.(浙江) Experts think that _______ recently discovered painting may be _______ Picasso.
A. the;/
B. a; the
C. a; /
D. the; a
7.(重庆) In communication, a smile is usually ______ strong sign of a friendly and ______open
attitude.
A. the; /
B. a; an
C. a; /
D. the; an
8. (四川)_Dr. Peter Spence, ________ headmaster of the school, told us, ―_________ fifth of pupils here go on to study at Oxford and Cambridge.‖
A. /; A
B. /; The
C. the; The
D. a; A
2010高考冠词题
1.（山东）If we sit near______ front of the bus, we’ll have ______ better view.
A. /; the
B. /; a
C. the; a
D. the; the
2. (北京) First impressions are the most lasting. After all, you never get ______ second chance to make ________ first impression.
A. a; the
B. the; the
C. a; a
D. the; a
3.(江苏) The visitors here are greatly impressed by the fact that _____ people from all walks of life are working hard for _______ new Jiangsu.
A. /; a
B. /; the
C. the; a
D. the; the
4.(福建) It’s _______ good feeling for people to admire the Shanghai World Expo that gives them ________ pleasure.
A. /; a
B. a; /
C. the; a
D. a; the
5. (四川) In _______ most countries, a university degree can give you _______ flying start in life.
A. the; a B the; / C. /; / D. /; a
2009高考冠词题
1. （安徽）We can never expect _______ bluer sky unless we create _______ less polluted world.
A. a; a
B. a; the
C. the; a
D. the; the
2. (辽宁) This area experienced ______ heaviest rainfall in _______ month of May.
A. /; a
B. a; the
C. the; the
D. a; the
3. (四川) In order to find _______ better job, he decided to study ______ second foreign language.
A. the; a
B. a; a
C. the; the
D. a; the
4. (江西) Some people fear that ______ air pollution may bring about changes in _______ weather around the world.
A. /; the
B. the; /
C. an; the
D. the; a
5.(陕西) What _______ pity that you couldn’t be there to receive _____ prize.
A. a; a
B. the; a
C.a; the
D. the; the
6. (重庆) Washing machines made by China have won _______ worldwide attention and Haier has become _______popular name.
A. a; the
B. /;a
C. /; the
D. the; a
2008高考冠词题
1.（山东）Students should be encouraged to use ______ Internet as _______ resource.
A. /; a
B. /; the
C. the; the
D. the; a
2.(江苏) We went right round to the west coast by _______ sea instead of driving across ________ continent.
A. the; the
B. /; the
C. the; /
D. /; /
3.(江西) –I’m sorry to have come late for the meeting.
--I t’s not your fault. With ______ rush-hour traffic and _______ heavy rain, it is no wonder you were late.
A. a; a
B. the; the
C. /; /
D. /; a
4. Have you heard _________news? The price of _______ petrol is going up again.
A. the; the
B. /; the
C. the; /
D. /; /
5.I ate _______ sandwich while I was waiting for _______20;08 train.
A. the; a
B. the; the
C. a; the
D. a; a
5. I looked under _______ bed and found ______ book I lost last week.
A. the; a
B. the;the
C. /; the
D. the;/
6. I like _______ color of your skirt. It is _____ good match for your blouse.
A. a; the
B. a; a
C. the; a
D.. the; the
阅读理解之事实细节题
2012江西A
Mark and his brother Jason both were looking at the shining new computer enviously. Jason was determined not to go against their father’s wishes but Mark was more adventurous than his brother. He loved experimenting and his aim was to become a scientist like his father.
―Dad will be really mad if he finds out you’ve been playing with his new computer.‖ Jason said, ―He told us not to touch it.‖
―He won’t find out,‖Mark said, ―I’ll just have a quick look and shut it down.‖
Mark had been scolded before for touching his father’s equipment. But his curiosity was difficult to control and this new computer really puzzled him.
It was a strange-looking machine-one his dad had brought home from the laboratory where he worked. ―It’s an experimental model,‖ his father had explained, ―so don’t touch it under any circumstances.‖But his father’s warning only served to make Mark more curious. Without any further thought, Mark turned on the power switch. The computer burst into life and seconds later, the screen turned into colors, shifting and changing and then two big white words appeared in the centre of the screen:‖ SPACE TRANSPORTER.‖
―Yes!‖ Mark cried excitedly, ―It’s a computer game. I knew it! Dad’s only been pretending to work. He’s really been playing games instead.‖ A new message appeared on the screen: ―ENTER NAMES
VOYAGER 1:…
VOYAGER 2:…‖
Mark’s fingers flew across the keyboard as he typed in both of their names.
―INPUT ACCEPETD. START TRANSPORT PROGRAM. AUTO-RETRIEVE INITIATED(自动回收程序已启动)
The screen turned even brighter and a noise suddenly rose in volume.
―I think we’d better shut it off, Mark,＂Jason yelled, reaching for the power switch. He was really frightened.
But his hand never reached the switch. A single beam of dazzling white light burst out of the computer screen, wrapping the boys in its glow(光芒)。And the boys were no longer there. On the screen, the letters changed.
―TRANSPORT SUCCESSFUL. DESTINATION(目的地):MARS. RETRIEVE DA TE:2025.‖
56. Why did Mark touch the computer against his father’s warning?
A. He wanted to take a voyage.
B. He wanted to practice his skill.
C. He was so much attracted by it.
D. He was eager to do an experiment.
57. Where did the boy s’ father most likely work?
A. In an electronic factory.
B. In a computer company.
C. In a scientific research center.
D. In an information processing center.
58. Mark thought ―SPACE TRANSPORTER‖ on the screen was the name of ________ .
A. a computer game
B. a company website
C. a software producer
D. an astronomy program
59. Why did Jason want to shut off the computer?
A. He was afraid of being scolded.
B. He didn’t like the loud noise and light.
C. He didn’t want to play games any more.
D. He was afraid something dangerous might happen.
60. What happened to the boys at the end of the story?
A. They were blown into the air.
B. They were sent to another planet.
C. They were hidden in the strong light.
D. They were carried away to another country.
Jamie Oliver has been invited by Gordon Brown to prepare a banquet at No.10 for President Barack Obama and other leaders of the G20, offering a cut-price menu to reflect times when trade and industry are far from prosperous and the rate of employment is decreasing.
Downing Street sources say Oliver, the well-known chef, will cook using ―honest high-street products‖ and avoid expensive or ―fancy‖ ingredients.
The prime minister is trying to avoid a repeat of the embarrassment last year when he sat down to an 18-course banquet at a Japanese summit to discuss world food shortages.
Obama, President Nicolas Sarkozy of France, Chancellor Angela Merkel of Germany and other leaders will be served by apprentices(学徒) from Fifteen, the London restaurant Oliver founded to help train young people in poverty in order to make a living by mastering a skill.
Brown wants the dinner to reflect the emphasis of the London summit, which he hopes will lead to an agreement to lift the world out of recession. ―To be invited to cook for such an important group of people, who are trying to solve some of the world’s major problems, is really a privilege,‖ said Oliver.
―I’m hoping the menu I’m working on will show British food and produce is some of the best I the world, but also show we have pioneered a high-quality apprentice scheme at Fifteen London that is giving young people a skill to be proud of.‖
The chef has not yet finalized me menu, but is expected to draw inspiration from his latest book, Jamie’s Ministry of Food, which has budget recipes for beef and ale stew（啤酒炖菜）and ―impressive‖ chocolate fudge cake.
22. What can we learn about Oliver from the text?
A. He is a well-known American cook.
B. He is invited to attend the G20 summit.
C. He has founded the Fifteen London.
D. He is one of the apprentices serving leaders of the G20.
23. The menu of the banquet for the leaders of the G20 is supposed to ________.
A. include all delicious British food
B. use inexpensive produce with special characteristics
C. be rich, varied and of high quality
D. imitate the menu of last Japanese summit
24. Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?
A. Oliver is honored to be invited to cook for the G20 leaders.
B. Altogether three presidents are mentioned in the text.
C. President Barak Obama offers the cut-price menu.
D. The menu for the G20 dinner banquet has been decided.
25. What is the Fifteen London?
A. An apartment in London.
B. A luxurious restaurant in London.
C. A restaurant as well as a training center.
D. A famous avenue.
高中英语语法强化训练(冠词) ( ) report stated that the number of Spanish speakers in the .would be higher than the number of English speaker by_____ year 2090. A.A, the B. A, / C. The ,/ D. The, a ( ) you go by ______train ,you can have quite a comfortable journey ,but make sure you get _____fast one. A. /, / B./, a C. the, a D./,/ ( ) 3. It is often said that ____teachers have _______very easy life. A /,/ B. /,a C. the,/ D. the, a ( ) can’t remember when exactly the Robinsons left _____city ,I only remember it was ______ Monday.。 A.the , the B. a ,the C. a, a D. the, a ( ) you grow up in ______large family ,you are more likely to develop _____ability to get on well with ______others . A. /,an the B. a, the ,/ C. the ,an ,the D. a, the ,the ( ) ,Taylor has ___8-year-old daughter who has _____gift for painting –she has won two national prizes.
高考语法总结—备战 一、冠词 冠词分为不定冠词（a, an），定冠词（the），和零冠词。 I. 不定冠词的用法 1 指一类人或事，相当于 a kind of A plane is a machine that can fly. 2 第一次提及某人某物，非特指 A boy is waiting for you.有个男孩在等你。 3 表示“每一”相当于every，one We study eight hours a day. 4 表示“相同”相当于the same We are nearly of an age. 5 用于人名前，表示不认识此人或与某名人有类似性质的人或 事 —Hello, could I speak to Mr. Smith? —Sorry, wrong number. There isn't______ Mr. Smith here. A. 不填 B. a C. the D. one That boy is rather a Lei Feng.（活雷锋） 6 用于固定词组中 a couple of, a bit, once upon a time, in a hurry, have a walk, many a time 7 用于quite, rather, many, half, what, such之后This room is rather a big one. 8 用于so(as, too, how)+形容词之后She is as clever a girl as you can wish to meet. 9 用于抽象名词具体化的名词前success(抽象名词)→a success(具体化)成功的人或事 a failure 失败的人或事 a shame 带来耻辱的人或事a pity 可惜或遗憾的事 a must 必需必备的事 a good knowledge of 精通掌握某一方面的知识 II. 定冠词的用法 1 表示某一类人或物In many places in China, ___ bicycle is still ___ popular means of transportation. A. a; the B. /; a C. the; a D. the; the 2 用于世上独一无二的事物名词前the universe, the moon, the Pacific Ocean 3 表示说话双方都了解的或上文提到过的人或事Would you mind opening the door? 4 用于演奏乐器play the violin, play the guitar 5 用于形容词和分词前表示一类人the reach, the living, the wounded 6 表示“一家人”或“夫妇”（对比上文的不定冠词用法5）—Could you tell me the way to ____ Johnsons, please? —Sorry, we don’t have ____ Johnson here in the village. A. the; the B. the; a C. /; the D. the; / 7 用于序数词和形容词副词比较级最高级前He is the taller of the two children. 8 用于国家党派等以及江河湖海，山川群岛的名词前the United States, the Communist Party of China, the French 9 用于表示发明物的单数名词前The compass was invented in China. 10 在逢十的复数数词之前，指世纪的某个年代in the 1990’ｓ (二十世纪九十年代) 11 用于表示度量单位的名词前I hired the car by the hour. 12 用于方位名词，身体部位名词He patted me on the shoulder. III. 不用冠词（又名零冠词）的用法 1 专有名词，物质名词，抽象名词，人名地名等名词前Beijing University, Jack, China, love, air 2 名词前有this, my, whose, some, no, each, every等限制I want this book, not that one. / Whose purse is this? 3 季节，月份，星期，节假日，一日三餐前March, Sunday, National Day, spring 4 表示职位，身份，头衔的名词前Lincoln was made President of America. 5 表示球类，棋类等运动的名词前He likes playing football/chess. 6 与by连用表示交通方式的名词前We went right round to the west coast by ______ sea instead of driving across ______ continent. A. the; the B.不填；the C. the; 不填 D. 不填；不填 7 以and连接的两个相对的名词并用时husband and wife, knife and fork, day and night 1
冠词用法 一. 不定冠词的用法 1. 表泛指，表首次提到的、不限定的人或物。 There is a book on the desk. 2. a/an+ 单数n.表类别，指一类人或事物。 A horse is a useful animal. 3.表one, a certain, every, the same I’ll return in a day or two. A Mr. White is waiting for you downstairs. The doctor asked me to take the medicine three times a day. They are nearly of an age. 4.用在抽象名词前，a + 抽象名词，即抽象名词具体化。如： This little girl is a joy to her parents. It is a pleasure to talk with you. It is an honour to me to attend the meeting. a surprise/success/failure 5.与物质名词连用，表示“一种，一阵、一份”。 What a heavy rain! What a good supper! Please give me a black coffee! 6. 在同位语中，常用a/an+ n.（one） Mike and Lucy, a newly married couple, had a happy honeymoon in Paris. 7. 用在某些固定词组中. after a while 过了一会儿all of a sudden 突然as a rule 通常as a result 结果，因此as a matter of fact 事实上as a whole 大体上at a loss 不知所措in a hurry 急忙 in a way 在某种程度上in a word 总而言之put an end to… 结束…come to an end 结束come to a conclusion 得出结论have a good time 玩得愉快have a rest 休息一下have a cold 感冒have a word with 和…谈一谈make a living 谋生make a fire 生火make a fool of 愚弄take a walk a knowledge of, a understanding of, a collection of 8. 不定冠词的特殊位置 1）as/so/too/how/however+ adj.+ a/an+单数n. So short a time. Too long a distance. 2) what/such/half+ a/an+单数n. I have never seen such an animal. 二. 定冠词的用法 1.表特指的人或物 Look at the blackboard. There is a book on the desk. The book is an English book. 2. the+单数n.表类别 The horse is a useful animal. 3. 表世界上独一无二的事物，但若此类名词前有修饰成分，也可用a/an the sun, the earth, the moon, the sky, the universe a full moon but: in nature, in space, in society, in history
人教版高中英语必修二 知识点梳理 重点题型（常考知识点）巩固练习 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 概念引入： He is a person who never gives up. 他是个永远不服输的人。 I found him in the woods, where has a well-known tree. (我是在树林里找到他的，那里有一棵很有名的树。) Our guide,(who was a Frenchman, ) was an excellent cook. 我们的导游是个很优秀的厨师，他是个法国人 She was not on the train which arrived just now。 她没在刚刚到达的那辆车上 语法点拨 什么是定语从句？ 修饰主语、宾语、表语的句子就叫做定语从句。引导定语从句的关系词有： 关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that 关系副词：when, where, why 我们把下面两个句子组合成一个复合句： 1. This is our school. It is beautiful. →This is our school which is beautiful. 2. This is our school. We study in our school. →This is our school which we study in. →This is our school in which we study. →This is our school where we study. 3. Do you know the room? It is made of amber. →Do you know the room which is made of amber? 4. I have read the newspaper. It carries the important news. →I have read the newspaper which carries the important news. 从上述定语从句的组合我们可以看出： 先行词和关系词的关系：关系代词实际上是先行词的复指；关系词whose 实际上是先行词的所有格。 1. A plane is a machine that can fly. the machine = that 2. The boy who broke the window is called Wangkai. the boy =who 3. The boy whose parents are working outside was brought up by his grandfather. the boy’s =whose 【高一英语语法（二）定语从句（二）356521限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句】
冠词 不定冠词的用法及语法说明 1. 用a 还是用an： 一般说来，在辅音或半元音开头的词前用a, 而在元音开头的词前用an。 注意： 有些以元音字母开头的单词，由于第一个音不是元音而是辅音，其前仍用a 而不用an： a one-eyed man 一个独眼人 a European country 一个欧洲国家 2. 单数可数名词若泛指，其前需加a ，an, 不要从汉语习惯出发，漏掉此不定冠词： He is a famous film star. 他是著名影星。 3. 专有名词转化为普通名词，其前可用a (an)，表示某某人或某某人的一部作品、艺术品等： a Mr Smith 一位名叫史密斯先生的人 4. 物质名词转化为普通名词，其前可以使用a (an)，有时表示相应产品或种类，有时表示数量关系： a good wine 一种好酒 5. 在序数词之前使用a (an)，可以表示数量或序数的增加： Soon I saw a second plane. 不久我又看到了一架飞机。 6. 与形容词的最高级连用，表示“非常”、“很”等： This is a almost interesting story. 这是一个非常有趣的故事。 7. 用于修饰名词的定语前，表示某种状态。此时的不定冠词含有类似a kind of 的意思： climate 气候→a mild climate 温和的气候 have breakfast 吃早餐→have a quick breakfast吃快餐 8. 不定冠词a (an) 与数词one 都可表示“一”，但是两者有差别： 不定冠词 a (an) 表示“类别”概念，而数词one 表示“数量”概念
冠词和数词【Articles and Numerals】 冠词是虚词，也没有词义，它用在名词的前面，帮助指明名词的含义。本身不能单独使用，在句中不重读。冠词可以分为定冠词【the Definite Article】和不定冠词【the Indefinite Article】。 2.1不定冠词的用法【Usage of the Indefinite Articles】 不定冠词a(an)与数词one同源，是一个的意思。a用于辅音音素前，而an则用于元音音 词组或成语固定搭配【Word Phrases and Expressions】： a little, a few, a lot, a type of, a pile, a great many, many a, as a rule, in a hurry, in a minute, in a word, in a short while, after a while, have a cold, have a try, keep an eye on, all of a sudden 2.2定冠词的用法【Usage of the Definite Article】 定冠词the与指示代词this，that同源，有那（这）个的意思，但较弱，可以和一个名词连用，来表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。
用在惯用语中【Useful Expressions】： in the day, in the morning (afternoon, evening),the day after tomorrow, the day before yesterday,the next morning, in the sky (water，field，country), in the dark, in the rain, in the distance, in the middle (of), in the end, in the whole,by the way,go to the theatre
高中英语语法知识点总结 冠词 高考对冠词的考查集中在基本用法上，主要既反映在对泛指、特指及固定短语冠词的考查。抽象名词、物质名词的具体化依然是高考的重点、难点。 一、不定冠词 不定冠词a，an与one同源，表示微弱的一的概念，但并不强调数目，用来表示不确定的人或事物。 A用在辅音前，而不是辅音字母前；an用在元音前，而不是元音字母前。 a university in Asia 1.表示同类中的任何一个 A cat has nine lives. 2.表示泛指的某人、某物 I know a John Lennon，but not the famous one. 3.表示数量的一He has a daughter. 4. 表示单位数量的每一I earn 10 dollars an hour. 5.表示相同的 The two birds are of a color. 6. 用于集体名词前 He grows up in a large family. 7. 在某种情况下可用于抽象名词和物质名词前China has a long history. 二、定冠词的用法 1.表示特定的人或物
2.表示地球、宇宙中独一无二的事物 主要指各种天体及世界上比较有影响的物体。The sun，the moon，the earth 3．表示地点、方向、时间、方式等at the corner 在拐角处 1）在表示季节的名词前常不用冠词。In spring 在春天 2) 具体某年的某个季节，需用冠词。In the summer of the year2008 3）用于序数词或形容词的最高级前the first the second 4）用于形容词前使其名词化the rich the poor 5）用于复数姓氏前，表示―夫妇‖或全家The Smiths 6）用于乐器名词前 Play the piano 7）用于by+the+计量单位名词 By the pound 1. 用于复数名词前 复数名词泛指某类人或物时，其前通常用零冠词。Students should obey the school rules. 学生应该遵守校规。复数名词若需特指，则要加定冠词。The students are too lazy. 这些学生太懒。 2. 用于不可数名词前 不可数名词表示泛指时，其前通常用零冠词。如：Bread is made from flour. 面包是用面粉做的。 Wood is a poor conductor of sound. 木头是声音的不良导体。不可数名词若需特指，则要加定冠词。 He sawed the wood into three pieces. 他把木头锯成三块。 3.用于专有名词前 在通常情况下，专有名词前要用零冠词。如：
五、零冠词的用法 1. 用于物质名词前。物质名词表示泛指或一般概念时，通常用零冠词： Water boils at 100℃. 水在摄氏100度沸腾。 Blood is thicker than water. 水浓于水(即亲人总比外人亲)。 表示泛指或一般概念的物质名词前，即使有一描绘性修饰语，仍用零冠词： Don't eat rotten food. 不要吃腐烂的食物。 注：(1)若特指，物质名词前可用定冠词： Is the water in the well fit to drink? 这井里的水能喝吗? (2)表示一种、一杯、一场、一阵、一份等这样的概念时，可用不定冠词： This is a very good wine. 这是一种很好的酒。 A coffee, please. 请给我来杯咖啡。 It was very cold and a heavy snow was falling. 当时天气很冷，正在下大雪。 2. 用于抽象名词前。抽象名词表示泛指或一般概念时，通常用零冠词： Do you like music? 你喜欢音乐吗? Failure is the mother of success. 失败是成功之母。 表示泛指或一般概念的抽象名词前，即使有一描绘性修饰语，仍用零冠词： I like light music very much. 我非常喜欢轻音乐。 注：(1)若特指，抽象名词前可用定冠词： I like the music of Mozart. 我喜欢莫扎特的曲子。 (2)若表示一种、一类、一方面、那种、这种等这之类的概念时，可用不定冠词：He lives a happy life. 他过着幸福的生活。 Physics is a science. 物理是一门科学。 (3)表示动作的一次、一例、一番等时，可用不定冠词： Let me have a look. 让我看一看。 (4)表示与抽象名词意义相关的具体的人或事，可用不定冠词： The book is a delight to read. 这书读来很有趣。 3. 用于专有名词前。在通常情况下，专有名词前用零冠词： Smith lives in London. 史密斯住在伦敦。 注：(1)若特指，专有名词前有时也可用定冠词： The Smith you’re looking for no longer lives here.你找的那个史密斯不住这儿了。 (2)专有名词前使用不定冠词和定冠词的其他情况，见本章有关内容。 4. 用于复数名词前。复数名词表示类别时，通常用零冠词： Teachers should be respected. 教师应该受到尊重。 泛指不定量的人或物，也用零冠词： We are students of Class Five. 我们是五班的学生。 注：若特指，复数名词前应用定冠词： The teachers should attend the meeting 教师应参加会议。 5. 用于单数可数名词前。单数可数名词前用零冠词，主要有以下情况：
高三二轮语法复习——冠词 一、定冠词the 1.特指。(说话双方都知道的人或事物。上文提到的人或事物。有修饰限定的词。) I ate a sandwich while I was waiting for the 20:08 train. I like the color of your skirt. It’s a good match for your blouse. I have learned that it’s taking a long time to become the person I want to be. 2.与名词相关的特殊用法 1）世界上独一无二的事物 the universe ; the sun ; the moon 2）发明物 Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1876. 3）乐器（中国民族乐器除外） play the violin 4）身体部位（固定搭配） hit/strike sb on the head hit/strike sb in the face seize/take sb by the arm be red in the face / be lame in the right leg / be blind in the left eye 5）方位名词 The North is colder than the South. To the northeast of Nanjing lies Yangzhou. 6）计量单位 by the hour / day / dozen / pond / yard As a rule, domestic servants doing odd jobs are paid by the hour. 特例：by weight / size/ time Meat is sold by weight.
高中英语冠词练习题及解析 一、单项选择冠词 1．Titan is believed to be the only body in _____ solar system other than the Earth with liquid on ______ surface. A．the; / B．/; the C．/; / D．the; the 【答案】D 【解析】 太阳系是独一无二的事物,为特指,某物表面也是特指,所以都需要加定冠词,故选D. 2．They haven’t made ________con tact with each other since they had ________quarrel two weeks ago. A．the; the B．不填; a C．a; the D．不填; the 【答案】B 【解析】 考查冠词的用法。句意“他们自从两周前吵架后就没再联系过。”make contact with sb.“和某人有联系”；have a quarrel with sb.“和某人吵架”。故选B。 3．When you finish reading the book, you will have __ better understanding of __ life. A．a, the B．the, a C．/, the D．a, / 【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析：考查冠词。本题第一空是固定词组have a better understanding of有更好的理解；第二空的名词Life是一个抽象名词，要单独使用，不需要冠词。句意：当你读完这本书的时候，你会对生活有更深的理解。故D正确。 考点：考查冠词 点评：冠词的考查集中在the表示特指；a/an表示泛指。另外要注意冠词的一些固定搭配中冠词的使用。这题主要是抽象名词具体化的用法，除了honor还有success，failure，surprise，pleasure等名词也可以表示抽象名词具体化。 4．As ________ matter of fact, ________number of young couples who plan to have a second kid is increasing rapidly. A．the; a B．a; the C．a; a D．不填；the 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：考查冠词。第一空，固定搭配：as a matter of fact,实际上，事实上；第二空，根据谓语动词是is单数可知填the，the number of…的数量。故B正确 考点：考查冠词 5．________ middle school that Lucy is going to attend is ________ public school.
必修一 语法点一：Be+v.ing表将来 use the present continuous tense for future plans In English, we have lots of ways of talking about the future. The most common ways of talking about the future we encounter use ‘will’ or ‘be going to’ followed by an infinitive（动词原形）, and we tend to use ‘be going to’ most often for talking about future plans. Sometimes, we also use the present continuous tense to talk about future plans. Ex. ①we are going to Mexico next Sunday. ② Are you coming to the cinema? ③ He is leaving for London in two hours. ④ We are spending next winter in Australia. Only some verbs can be used in this situation, such as: go, arrive, come, leave, start, stay, return, play, have, work, wear, spend, see, meet, etc. 扩展： What’s the difference between using ‘be going to’ and the present continuous to talk about future plans? Let’s look at some more examples: “I’m going to play football on Saturday” You have made a plan in your head but possibly not taken any real action to confirm it. Also, playing football on Saturday is probably not a regular event for you. “I’m playing football on Saturday” You have made a plan and taken some real action to confirm it (e.g. called your friends or booked a place to play). In this case, it’s likely that playing football on Saturdays is a common activity for you. 语法点二：Direct speech and indirect speech(直接引语和间接引语) Let's first define the terms, then look at how to talk about what someone said, and how to convert speech from direct to indirect or vice-versa. You can answer the question What did he say? in two ways: by repeating the words spoken (direct speech) by reporting the words spoken (indirect or reported speech). Direct speech repeats, or quotes, the exact words spoken. When we use direct speech in writing, we place the words spoken between quotation marks (" ") and there is no change in these words. Reported or indirect speech is usually used to talk about the past, so we normally change the tense of the words spoken. We use reporting verbs like 'say', 'tell', 'ask', and we may use the word 'that' to introduce the reported words. Quotation marks are not used. 1、declarative sentence陈述句 ①Change in pronoun:The pronoun (subject) of the reported speech is changed according to the pronoun of reporting verb or object (person) of reporting verb (first part of sentence). Sometimes the pronoun may not change. In following example the pronoun of reported speech is “I” which will be changed
高考英语语法复习之冠词专项 高考英语冠词是必考题目之一，单项选择一般设置两个空，短文改错设计一道题。 冠词分为不定冠词（a, an），定冠词（ the），和零冠词。 冠词常用a/an/the 来说明名词所表示的人或事物，常位于名词之前，故称为冠词。 冠词是名词的一种标志，不能脱离名词独立存在 ,不能单独做句子成分 ,故冠词是虚词，题目主要考查冠词在具体语境中的运用，考查内容包括定冠词和不定冠词的用法区别，名词前 不用冠词的情况，特指与泛指以及习语中的冠词用法。 （1）表示“一”相当于“ one”。I’ll return in a day or two. （2）表示“每”相当于“ per”。 We have three meals a day. （3）表示“同一性”相当于“ the same”。 The children are of an age. （4）表示类指，表示“某类”，“一类人或事”。 He wants to be a doctor. （5）表示泛指，相当于“ any”。 A horse is a useful animal. （ 6）与序数词连用，表示“又一，再一”。 a second foreign language. （ 7）与抽象名词连用，可以表示“一场、一次、一件”用于抽象名词具体化的名词前 a success(具体化) 成功的人或事 a pity 可惜或遗憾的事 （8）与物质名词连用，表示“一种，一阵、一份”。 What a heavy rain! What a good supper!（9）用于不可数名词前，表示某一部分，或某一方面的内容介绍。 China with a long history and a population of over 1.3 billion is a developing country. （ 10）用于人名前，或专有名词前，表示不认识此人或与某名人有类似性质的人或事, — Hello, could I speak to Mr. Smith? — Sorry, wrong number. There isn't a Mr. Smith here. （11）用于 so(as, too, how)+ 形容词之后She is as clever a girl as you can wish to meet. （ 12）用于quite, rather, many, half, what, such 之后This room i s rather a big one. （ 13）用于动词短语中，表示短暂性的动作 have a look /walk / break / try / bath give a whistle / laugh / smile / shout take a rest / walk / break / bath make a choice / decision / plan / study （14）用于同源宾语前 dream a good dream / smile a sweet smile / live a happy life （15）用于固定词组中 a couple of, a bit, a great of , a lot of , （ 16）习惯用法，可构成与时间、数量、方式、有关的短语once upon a time, in a hurry
必修一 语法点一：Be+v.ing表将来use the present continuous tense for future plans In English, we have lots of ways of talking about the future. The most common ways of talking about the future we encounter use ‘will’ or ‘be going to’ followed by an infinitive（动词原形）, and we tend to use ‘be going to’ most often for talking about future plans. Sometimes, we also use the present continuous tense to talk about future plans. Ex. ①we are going to Mexico next Sunday. ②Are you coming to the cinema? ③He is leaving for London in two hours. ④We are spending next winter in Australia. Only some verbs can be used in this situation, such as: go, arrive, come, leave, start, stay, return, play, have, work, wear, spend, see, meet, etc. 扩展： What’s the difference between using ‘be going to’ and the present continuous to talk about future plans? Let’s look at some more examples: “I’m going to play football on Saturday” You have made a plan in your head but possibly not taken any real action to confirm it. Also, playing football on Saturday is probably not a regular event for you. “I’m playing football on Saturday” You have made a plan and taken some real action to confirm it (e.g. called your friends or booked a place to play). In this case, it’s likely that playing football on Saturdays is a common activity for you. 语法点二：Direct speech and indirect speech(直接引语和间接引语) Let's first define the terms, then look at how to talk about what someone said, and how to convert speech from direct to indirect or vice-versa. You can answer the question What did he say? in two ways: by repeating the words spoken (direct speech) by reporting the words spoken (indirect or reported speech). Direct speech repeats, or quotes, the exact words spoken. When we use direct speech in writing, we place the words spoken between quotation marks (" ") and there is no change in these words. Reported or indirect speech is usually used to talk about the past, so we normally change the tense of the words spoken. We use reporting verbs like 'say', 'tell', 'ask', and we may use the word 'that' to introduce the reported words. Quotation marks are not used. 1、declarative sentence陈述句 ①Change in pronoun: The pronoun (subject) of the reported speech is changed according to the pronoun of reporting verb or object (person) of reporting verb (first part of sentence). Sometimes the pronoun may not change. In following example the pronoun of reported speech is “I” which will be changed in indirect speech into the pronoun (Subject) of reporting verb that is “he”. He said, “I like it very much.”→He said that he liked it very much. ②Change in tense: If the first part of sentence (reporting verb part) belongs to past tense the tense of reported speech will change. If the first part of sentence (reporting verb part) belongs to present or future tense, the tense of reported speech will not change.