2018翻译硕士（MTI）考研经典素材-笔译常用词汇
（教育类）
academic achievements 学业成绩
academic advisor 学业顾问
academic freedom 学术自由
academic performance 学业
add-and-drop 补退选阶段
Advanced Placement Test 大学选修课程考试，俗称AP考试advertisement for student recruitment 招生广告
aid-to-education grant money 专项教育补助基金
Alma Matter 母校
alumni association 同学会
an exchange student 交换留学生
an outstanding academic reputation 声名显赫的学术水平
anti-tuition hike campaign 反对增加学费运动
assistantship 助理金
associate degree 完成两年学院课程或同等程度而获得的学位
average student 中等生
award/confer degree 授予学位
basic literacy 基本读写能力
campus medical center; school clinic 校内诊所
CAT (computer adaptive test) 机考
cheating in exams 考试作弊
check roll 考勤
children with learning disability 无学习能力的儿童
class rank 年级名次
coeducation 男女同校
commencement ceremony 毕业典礼
compulsory course 必修课
computer lab 机房
conditional admission 试读
core curriculum 核心课程
cost of education 教育费用
course leader 课代表
cramming system; spoon-feeding pedagogy 填鸭式教学法
crash course 速成班
credit hour 学时
drop out (中途)退学
educational expenditure 教育开支
educational innovation 教育革新
educational network 网络教育
education in patriotism 爱国主义教育
elective course 选修课
exemption from examination 免考
exit qualification 结业资格
fellowship 研究生奖学金
financial aid 财政资助(泛指向学生提供的各种资金、贷款、非全日工作等) finish a four-year curriculum 完成四年学业
fitness/gym center 健身房
foreign student advisor 外国学生咨询顾问
full-time education 全日制教育
functionally illiterate 半文盲
General Certificate of Secondary Education 中学毕业证书
ghost examinee (考试)替考者
Higher Education Mega Center 大学城
illiteracy level 文盲率
information for admission 入学须知
input in education 教育投入
inspection and supervision 督导
interdisciplinary talent 复合型人才
jacked-up tuitions 学费上涨
joint custody 共同的监护权
latchkey children 挂钥匙儿童
makeshift classes 复式班
men learn while they teach 教学相长
mental retardation/deficiency 智力缺陷，反应迟钝non-profit educational institutions 非盈利性的教育机构nonresident student 走读生
off-the-job training 脱产培训
on-the-job training 在职培训;岗位培训
open access (图书馆)开架阅览
open-book examination 开卷考试
Parent-Teacher Association (PTA) 家长教师联席会
per-capita education spending 人均教育经费
place considerable value on education 重视教育plagiarize/plagiarism 抄袭，剽窃
polyversity/multiversity 多科大学
postdoctoral fellow 博士后研究员
preschool class 学前班
schooling suspension 休学
straight A student 成绩全优生
student aid 助学金
student cafeteria/canteen 学生餐厅
student union 学生会
take attendance 查点考勤
teaching assistant 助教
teaching faculty 全体教师
top student 头等生
track out of schools 被逐出校门
transcript 成绩单
transmission of civilization 传播文明
valedictory address/speech 毕业献辞
virtual university 虚拟大学
working graduate 在职研究生
work-study program 勤工助学
Promoting education is a good way to reduce crime.
提高教育水平是减少犯罪的一种不效手段。
We must adjust the division of disciplines to adapt to new circumstances.
我们要调整学科结构，以适应新形势。
Corporal punishment is strictly banned.
体罚是严格禁止的。
Students find opportunities for hands-on experience to complement their book-learning.
学生有机会进行社会实践，以弥补课堂教学的不足。
Study areas have become more responsive to today’s students and to labor market needs.
现在学到的知识和技能更能适应市场和学生自己的需要发。
“Active” learning is a phrase that is widely accepted.
“主动”学习这一概念正在被广泛接受。
Education is a progressive discovery of our own ignorance.
教育是一个逐步发现自己无知的过程。
Education is learning what you didn’t even know you didn’t know.
教育即是要教人知其所不知。
Learn to say before you sing.
学习要循序渐进。
We should tribute to all teachers of young children.
我们要向所有培养孩子的老师致敬。
We should provide education for children with special needs and developmental challenges.
我们应该为有特殊需要和有发育障碍的儿童提供教育。
Entry to the universities is competitive.
入学的竞争非常激烈。
Education is not an end, but a means to an end.
教育不是目的，而是达到目的的手段。
Our purpose of educating children is to fit them for life.
我们教育孩子的目的是使他们适应生活。
There is no end to learning.
学无止境!
Learning is a process in which we adapt ourselves to our surroundings.
学习是一个不断适应环境的过程。
Higher education systems in many countries have become more flexible in their requirements.
许多国家的高等教育体制在教学要求方面已变得越来越灵活了。
The competition between various countries for the quantity and quality of talents is furious.
各国对于人才数量和质量的竞争很激烈。
An increasing number of people are beginning to realize that education is not complete with graduation.
越来越多的人开始意识到教育不能随着毕业而结束。
Education is a lifetime study.
教育是一个终生的学习过程。
Throughout the last few decades, the core of challenge for university-level teaching has been to adjust to a wider range of student abilities.
在最近几十年中，对大学教育最大的挑战是怎样适应各种不同学生的需求。Harvard is among the first American universities to accept Chinese students. The Chinese educational, scientific and cultural communities have all along maintained
academic exchanges with this university.
哈佛是最早接受中国留学生的美国大学之一。中国教育界、科学界、文化界一直同哈佛大学保持着学术交流。
In the 21st century, the competition between various countries for the quantity and quality of talents is becoming increasingly intense.
人才的数量和质量将成为21世纪各国竞争的焦点。
The impact of globalization is not just on trade and production, it also has an important impact on education. Global education is the socialization process into globalization.
全球化不仅对贸易和生产产生巨大的冲击，而且对教育也有重大的影响。全球教育是走向全球化的社会化过程。
A new challenge to teaching is the pressure to internationalize curriculum offerings. 教学的一个新的挑战就是使所授课程国际化的压力。
Diversity is the core of a university’s spirit for it encourages and embraces all sorts of lifestyles and it allows different thoughts to coexist and merge.
多元化是大学精神的核心，因为它鼓励和包容各种生活方式，使得各种思想并存和融合。
University is where one becomes mature in a real sense and develops one’s potentials.大学是使人变得真正成熟并发觉自己潜力的地方。
Studying abroad provides an opportunity to broaden your experience and mind.
出国留学是一个增加阅历和拓宽思想的良好机会。
Teachers are no longer the authority on everything and students are no longer the passive learners.
老师不再是万能的权威，同时学生也不再是被动的学习者。
陪读be companion to sb in study
听课attend a class or lecture
学风style of study
学分制credit system
走读生nonresident student
博士后post-doctoral
进修班class for further studies
特困生the most needy student
学杂费tuition fee and miscellaneous charges
毕业设计graduation project
大专学历 a college graduate
德才兼备combine political integrity with professional competence
定向培养provide training to selected students
定向招生recruit students from selected organizations or regions; enroll students who are pre-assigned to specific posts or areas
动手能力the ability of practice
岗位培训in-service/on-the-job training
高等教育higher/postsecondary education
高考移民NCEE migrant (NCEE: National College Entrance Examination)
国情教育education about China’s conditions
积累知识accumulate knowledge
基础教育basic/elementary education
寄宿学校boarding school
家庭教育education in the home
家政教育education in home economics
教师队伍contingent of teachers
教书育人impart knowledge and educate people
教学实习field practice/internship
教育方针educational policy
教育使命educational mission
教育资源resources for education
就近上学provide for schools within easy walking distance
开除学籍expel from school
民办公助run by local people and subsidized by the state
民办教师community-sponsored teacher
民办教育non-government funded education
抛砖引玉throw a sprat to catch a whale
品学兼优excellency in character and learning
启发式教学heuristic teaching
全民教育education for all
人才交流personnel exchange
人才流失brain drain
死记硬背memorize things mechanically
素质教育quality-oriented education/quality education
缩短学制shorten the period of schooling
特殊教育special education
文化程度educational level
文化传承cultural continuity
文化断层cultural dislocation
文化交流cultural exchanges
文教事业cultural and educational undertakings
文房四宝four treasures of the study (writing brush, inkstick, inkstone and paper) 希望工程Hope Project
希望小学Hope Primary School
小留学生parachute kids/parachute children
信、达、雅faithfulness, expressiveness and elegance
学海无涯boundless sea of learning
学术机构academic institution
学习型社会learning society
学习知识acquire knowledge
学以致用study knowledge to apply it
终身教育lifelong education
重点学科key disciplines
助学制度subsidy system
尊师重教respect teachers and value education
义务教育compulsory education
应试教育exam-oriented education
择优录取merit-based enrollment
正面教育positive education
知识老化outdating of one’s knowledge
大学生创业university students’innovative undertakings
非学历教育non-degree education
互动式教育interactive teaching
教育信息化apply IT to education
文明礼貌月Socialist Ethics and Courtesy Month
思想的独创originality of the idea
学科带头人academic leader
招收择校生recruit students who select their schools
复合型人才personnel with interdisciplinary knowledge and well-rounded abilities; interdisciplinary talents
尊重学生人格respect the dignity of students
传统教学方式traditional way of teaching
定向培训培训training for specific posts; job-oriented training
海外优秀人才overseas personnel of high caliber
集体主义教育collectivism education
教师资格认定teacher qualification accreditation
教学方法创新innovation in pedagogy
教育体制改革reform of the educational system
社会价值观念social values
社会力量办学run schools by non-government sectors
思想道德素质ideological and ethical standards
提高教学水平raise teaching standards
远程教育机构distance education institution
振兴教育事业revitalize education
职业技术教育vocational and technical education
中等专业学校secondary specialized school
高校最低录取线minimum scores for university entrance requirements
计算机辅助教学computer-assisted instruction
学位评定委员会academic degrees evaluation committee
学历、学位互认mutual recognition of academic credentials and degrees
联合国翻译训练班UN Translation and Interpretation Training Course
农业实用技术培训training through various practical agricultural courses
教师教学质量评估instruction performance quality assessment scheme高等职业技术院校higher vocational and technical institutions
循序渐进的教学方法progressive teaching method
中央广播电视大学China Central Radio and TV University (CCRTVU)
聪明才智得到充分发挥bring the talent and creativity into full play
等值、等效、功能对等equivalent value, equivalent effect and functional equivalence 国家重点科技攻关项目National Key Scientific and Technological Project
有中国特色的教育体系educational system with Chinese characteristics
教育要面向现代化，面向世界，面向未来education should be geared to the needs of modernization, of the world and of the future
人文社会科国家重点研究基地National Key Research Center for Social Sciences 四书(《大学》、《中庸》、《论语》、《孟子》) the Four Books (The Great Learning, The Doctrine of the Mean, The Confucian Analects, and The Works of Mencius)
五经(《诗经》、《尚书》、《易经》、《礼记》、《春秋》) the Five Classics (The Book of Poetry/Songs, The Book of History, The Book of Changes, The Book of Rites, and The Spring and Autumn Annals)
身教胜于言教。
Example is always more efficacious than precept.
师傅领进门，修行在个人。
Masters initiate the apprentices, but their skills depend on their own efforts.
我们应鼓励、支持和规范社会力量办学、中外合作办学。
We should encourage, support and standardize schools run by non-governmental sectors or through Chinese-foreign cooperation.
大学应努力实现高科技成果转化和产业化。
Universities should facilitate the industrial application of their hi-tech research findings.
研究型大学拥有强大的科研实力，应当主动面向国家和社会需求。
Research-oriented universities, which have strong research capabilities, should be geared to the needs of the nation and society.
几十年来，通过持续不断的努力，中国的教育事业有了长足的进步。
Through unremitting efforts in the past decades, China has made significant progress in its education.
中国是一个人口众多、经济和文化发展不平衡的大国，教育带来还有待进一步发展。
Education remains to be further developed in China, a populous country with uneven economic and cultural development.
九年制义务教育正在全国有计划分阶段地普及。
The nine-year compulsory education is made universal nationwide in stages in a planned way.
素质教育本身就是学生自愿的行为，要能够吸引孩子们的天性。
Qualification education itself is a student’s voluntary act, and the key to its success is to follow his/her instinct.
真正有知识的人应该有益于人类，有益于自己的专业或行业，还要有益于自己。An educated man is one who is useful to humanity, his profession or trade, and to himself.
教育提高了全民族的思想道德素质。
Education helps raise the ideological and ethical standards of the entire nation.
我们要培养学生的创新意识、创新能力、创业精神和实践能力。
We should foster students’ innovative awareness, their ability to innovate, their enterprising spirit and their ability to apply these skills.
人们认为，学校应当保证把那些人们所珍视的价值观念传输给学生，或者培养学生的创造性。
People hold that public schools should impart cherished values to students or foster their creativity.
国务院要求各级部门搞好职业培训，拓宽就业门路，推进再就业工程。
The State Council required departments at all levels to organize job training, open up new avenues of employment and promote the reemployment projects.
任何国家的基础都在于其对青年的教育。
The foundation of every state is the education of its youth.
教育使一国之人民易于领导，但难于驱使;易于治理，却不可能奴役。Education makes a people easy to lead, but difficult to drive; easy to govern, but impossible to slave.
教育不是为了教会青年人如何谋生，而是教会他们如何创造生活。
In education we are striving not to teach the youth to make a living, but to make a life. 教育的目的在于让青年人准备好在其一生中进行自我教育。
The objective of education is to prepare the young to educate themselves all their lives.
教育是兴国之本，更是百年大计。
Education is fundamental to a country’s enduring prosperity.
能把儿童教育好的人，甚至比儿童的父母更应受到尊敬，因为父母只给予了孩子生命，他们则教给了孩子如何很好去生活的艺术。
Those who educate children well are more to be honored than even their parents, for the latter only give them lie, but the former teach them the art of living well.
教育要面向现代化，面向世界，面向未来。
Education should be geared to the needs of modernization, of the world and of the future.
我们要努力提高全民族的思想道德素质和教育科学文化水平。
We should strive to raise the ideological and ethical standards and the scientific and educational levels of the whole nation
民事判决书翻译常用词汇归纳 泛瑞翻译 （1）管辖（权）：jurisdiction 领事裁判权: consular jurisdiction. （准）对人管辖权: （quasic）jurisdiction in personal （准）对物管辖权：（quasic）jurisdiction in rem 属人管辖权：personal jurisdiction 属地管辖权：territorial jurisdiction . 由于各国对管辖权规定的不同，便很容易引起Selection of court 选择法庭的现象。（2）回避：withdrawal （3）当事人：party （4）诉讼代理人：agents ad litem （5）证据：evidence 举证责任—-证明责任burden of proof 取证evidence-finding 举证责任倒置Burden of proof in reverse 书证documentary evidence 物证material evidence （6）视听资料：audio-visual material （7）证人证言：testimony of witnesses
（8）当事人陈述：statements of the parties （9）鉴定结论：expert conclusions （10）勘验笔录：records of inspection （11）诉讼时效：Limitation of action （12）期间：time periods （13）送达：service （14）调解：conciliation （15）财产保全；property preservation （16）先予执行：advance execution （17）强制措施：compulsory measures specific performance 特定履行，强制执行（18）诉讼费用：litigation costs/fees （19）执行措施：execution measures
一、组装、冲压、喷漆等专业词汇 Assembly line组装线 Layout布置图 Conveyer流水线物料板 Rivet table拉钉机 Rivet gun拉钉枪 Screw driver起子 Electric screw driver电动起子Pneumatic screw driver气动起子worktable 工作桌 OOBA开箱检查 fit together组装在一起 fasten锁紧(螺丝) fixture 夹具(治具) pallet栈板 barcode条码 barcode scanner条码扫描器 fuse together熔合 fuse machine热熔机 repair修理 operator作业员 QC品管 supervisor 课长 ME制造工程师 MT制造生技 cosmetic inspect外观检查 inner parts inspect内部检查 thumb screw大头螺丝 lbs. inch镑、英寸 EMI gasket导电条 front plate前板 rear plate后板 chassis 基座 bezel panel面板 power button电源按键 reset button重置键 Hi-pot test of SPS高源高压测试 V oltage switch of SPS 电源电压接拉键 sheet metal parts 冲件 plastic parts塑胶件 SOP制造作业程序 material check list物料检查表 work cell工作间 trolley台车 carton纸箱 sub-line支线 left fork叉车QC Section品管科 stamping factory冲压厂 painting factory烤漆厂 molding factory成型厂 common equipment常用设备 uncoiler and straightener整平机 punching machine 冲床 robot机械手 hydraulic machine油压机 lathe车床 planer |'plein |刨床 miller铣床 grinder磨床 driller??床 linear cutting线切割 electrical sparkle电火花 welder电焊机 staker=reviting machine铆合机 position职务 president董事长 general manager总经理 special assistant manager特助 factory director厂长 department director部长 deputy manager | =vice manager副理 section supervisor课长 deputy section supervisor =vice section superisor副课长 group leader/supervisor组长 line supervisor线长 assistant manager助理 to move, to carry, to handle搬运 be put in storage入库 pack packing包装 to apply oil擦油 to file burr 锉毛刺 final inspection终检 to connect material接料 to reverse material 翻料 wet station沾湿台 Tiana天那水 cleaning cloth抹布 to load material上料 to unload material卸料 to return material/stock to退料 scraped |'skr?pid|报废 scrape ..v.刮;削 deficient purchase来料不良 manufacture procedure制程 deficient manufacturing procedure制程 不良 oxidation |' ksi'dei n|氧化 scratch刮伤 dents压痕 defective upsiding down抽芽不良 defective to staking铆合不良 embedded lump镶块 feeding is not in place送料不到位 stamping-missing漏冲 production capacity生产力 education and training教育与训练 proposal improvement提案改善 spare parts=buffer备件 forklift叉车 trailer=long vehicle拖板车 compound die合模 die locker锁模器 pressure plate=plate pinch压板 bolt螺栓 name of a department部门名称 administration/general affairs dept总务 部 automatic screwdriver电动启子 thickness gauge厚薄规 gauge(or jig)治具 power wire电源线 buzzle蜂鸣器 defective product label不良标签 identifying sheet list标示单 screwdriver holder起子插座 pedal踩踏板 stopper阻挡器 flow board流水板 hydraulic handjack油压板车 forklift叉车 pallet栈板 glove(s)手套 glove(s) with exposed fingers割手套 thumb大拇指 forefinger食指 midfinger中指 ring finger无名指 little finger小指 band-aid创可贴 iudustrial alcohol工业酒精 alcohol container沾湿台 head of screwdriver起子头 sweeper扫把 mop拖把 vaccum cleaner吸尘器 rag 抹布 garbage container灰箕
2021翻译硕士MTI《英语翻译基础》考研复习笔记 备考
第1章词语翻译 1.1 大纲要求 翻译硕士专业学位教育指导委员会在《翻译硕士专业学位研究生指导性培养方案》中指出，MTI教育的目标是培养高层次、应用型、专业性口笔译人才。MTI教育重视实践环节，强调翻译实践能力的培养。全日制MTI的招生对象为具有国民教育序列大学本科学历（或本科同等学力）人员，具有良好的双语基础。根据《翻译硕士专业学位研究生指导性培养方案》，制定翻译硕士专业学位研究生入学考试大纲。该大纲是各学校自行命题的重要参考依据，对于考生备考有重要的指导意义。 1考试要求 要求考生准确翻译中英文术语或专有名词。 2题型 要求考生较为准确地写出题中的30个汉/英术语、缩略语或专有名词的对应目的语。汉/英文各15个，每个1分，总分30分。考试时间为60分钟。 1.2 应试指南 通过对各高校翻译硕士《357英语翻译基础》真题的归纳分析，我们可大致看出，词语翻译这部分所涉及词汇的领域主要有政治、学术、社会、文化、经济、环境、科学等方面，内容涵盖面非常广。
政治性词汇主要集中在对国际或国内政治机构、组织、协会、会议、著名事件以及项目等的考察。比如广东外语外贸大学曾考到“CPPCC”“UNESCO”“ASEM”“China-ASEAN Expo”“全国人民代表大会”“外交部”“中国证监会”“廉政公署”8个该类词组，中山大学考题考查过“全国人民代表”“哥本哈根计划”“金砖五国”“东南亚国家联盟”“Universal Suffrage”“Bilateralism”“Air Force One”“Kyoto Protocol”“Air Defense Identification Zone”“Occupy Central”“Liaison Office”等12个政治方面术语和名称的翻译，同时，这也是其他学校必考项之一，因此考生应重点掌握。 学术类词汇主要涉及翻译领域，分别是翻译理论和语言学知识。考生应该在理解理论和知识的基础上对重点术语加强记忆。这部分知识考察的重点程度因学校而异，根据分析，理工类学校的英语专业比较重视这两类知识的考察，如北京航空航天大学超过三分之二的词汇翻译都集中在翻译和语言学术语，而综合性和文科类学校则对学术类词汇着墨较少。 社会类词汇指跟公民生活或社会发展相关的词汇，包括人权、社会政策、医疗卫生、媒体网络等方面。如北京外国语大学考到的“比特币”“狗仔队”“富二代”“互联互通”“量化宽松政策”“埃博拉病毒”“地沟油”“真人秀”和“逆袭”，中南大学考到的“建设节约型社会”“公益性文化事业”“自主创业”，都属于这一类。对付这类词汇，要求考生切实关注关系到国计民生的各项新闻和政策，了解社会的发展趋势。了解这些社会问题的一个很好的途径是通过英文版报纸和杂志，如《中国日报》等，这些报纸是中国传达其政策信息的窗口，社会新词一般都会首先通过这些媒体出现，把握好这些窗口，也就把握到了社会类词汇的源头。
广告英语翻译常用词汇 产品远销英国、美国、日本、意大利和东南亚，深受消费者欢迎和好评Our products are sold in Britain, America, Japan, Italy and South East Asia and well appreciated by their purchasers. 畅销全球 selling well all over the world 典雅大方 elegant and graceful 定型耐久 durable modeling 方便顾客 making things convenient for customers 方便群众 making things convenient for the people; to suit the peo ple's convenience 方便商品 convenience goods 方便生活 bringing more convenience to the people in their daily life; prov iding amenities for the people; making life easier for the popula tion 各式俱全 wide selection; large assortment
顾客第一 Customers first 顾客是我们的皇帝 We take customers as our Gods. 规格齐全 a complete range of specifications; complete in specific ations 花样繁多 a wide selection of colours and designs 货色齐全 goods of every description are available. 客商第一，信誉第一 clients first, reputation first 款式多样 a great variety of models 款式活泼端庄 vivid and great in style 款式齐全 various styles 款式新颖 attractive designs; fashionable(in) style; novel (in) de sign; up-to-date styling 款式新颖众多 diversified latest designs 美观大方 elegant appearance 美观耐用 attractive and durable 品质优良，疗效显著，誉满全球，欢迎选购 excellent quality, evident effect, good reputation over the world, orders are welcome. 品种多样 numerous in variety 品种繁多 great varieties 品种齐全 complete range of articles; a great variety of goods
大学英语六级翻译常用词汇：经济类 中国经济 总需求 aggregate demand 总供给 aggregate supply 企业文化 corporate/entrepreneurial culture 企业形象 corporate image (Cl); enterprise image 跨国公司 cross-national corporation 创业精神 enterprising spirit; pioneering spirit 外资企业 foreign-funded enterprise 猎头公司head-hunter 假日经济 holiday economy 人力资本human capital 航空和航天工业aerospace industry 飞机制造工业aircraft industry 电子工业 electronic industry 汽车制造工业 car industry 娱乐业 entertainment industry 信息产业 information industry 知识密集型产业 knowledge-intensive industry 国有大中型企业 large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises 轻工业 light industry 博彩业 lottery industry 制造业 manufacturing industry 垄断行业 monopoly industries 市场多元化 market diversification 市场经济 market economy 市场监管 market supervision 购买力 purchasing power 熊市 bear market 牛市 bull market 城镇化 urbanization 房地产 real estate 首付 down-payment 业主 home owner 个人购房贷款 individual housing loan
2015年北京外国语大学翻译硕士英语翻译基础考研真题词组翻译： 1、Bogor Goals 2、FTAAP 3、zero-sum game 4、ALS 5、NASA 6、genomic variation 7、ozone depletion 8、sinology 9、bitcoin 10、UNCED 11、Paparazzi 12、amino acid 13、Digital divide 14、Existentialism 15、Silver-spoon kids 1)十八届四中全会 2)亚太经合组织 3)互联互通 4)量化宽松政策 5)公使衔参赞 6)埃博拉病毒 资料来源：育明考研考博官网https://www.doczj.com/doc/2d8772721.html,
7)自闭症 8)防空识别区 9)负面清单 10)房产税 11)专利技术 12)和而不同 13)地沟油 14)真人秀 15)逆袭 英译汉：关于环境立法之类的 汉译英：孟子的“四端”《中庸》，恻隐之心，礼义廉耻之类的，价值观 汉译英常用方法和技巧 与词有关的翻译方法包括： ?直译和意译 ?词义的选择 ?词的增补与省略 ?词类转义法 ?重复法 ?正说反译法和反说正译法 ?分句法和合句法 资料来源：育明考研考博官网https://www.doczj.com/doc/2d8772721.html,
第一节直译和意译 首先应当指出，直译不是死译，而是指基本保留原有句子结构，照字面意思翻译。意译也不是胡译、乱译，而是在不损害原文内容和精神的前提下，为了表达的需要，对原文作相应的调整。 例1 原文：我们的朋友遍天下。 直译：Our friends are all over the world. 意译：We have friends all over the world. 直译以严格意义上的忠实为宗旨，意译则更多考虑英语的特点，更强调译文的效果，不求形式对应，只求语言在深层次中的对应。总之，选择直译还是意译，应该根据文章具体需要而定，两种译法可以并用。 能直译则直译 例2 原文：爱是耐心和善良；爱不是妒忌和吹嘘；爱不是傲慢和粗鲁。 译文：love is patience and kindness;love is not jealous and boast;love is not arrogance and rudeness. 例3 原文：进入21世纪，麦当劳团体的对手们又集合到一面共同的旗帜之下——反对全球化。 译文：On stepping into the21st century,the McDonalds’groups have again assembled under the same flag——anti-globalization. Upon entering opponents banner rafilled 例4 资料来源：育明考研考博官网https://www.doczj.com/doc/2d8772721.html,
英语四级段落翻译常用词汇：中国历史与文化 京剧Peking opera 秦腔Qin opera 功夫Kungfo 太极Tai Chi 口技ventriloquism 木偶戏puppet show 皮影戏shadowplay 折子戏opera highlights 杂技acrobatics 相声witty dialogue comedy 刺绣embroidery 苏绣Suzhou embroidery 泥人clay figure 书法calligraphy 中国画traditional Chinese painting 水墨画Chinese brush painting 中国结Chinese knot 中国古代四大发明the four great inventions of ancient China 火药gunpowder 印刷术printing 造纸术paper-making 指南针the compass 青铜器bronze ware 瓷器porcelain; china 唐三彩tri-color glazed pottery of the Tang Dynasty 景泰蓝cloisonne 秋千swing 武术martial arts 儒家思想Confucianism 儒家文化Confucian culture 道教Taoism 墨家Mohism 法家Legalism 佛教Buddhism 孔子Confucius 孟子Mencius 老子Lao Tzu 庄子Chuang Tzu 墨子Mo Tzu 孙子Sun Tzu 象形文字pictographic characters 文房四宝（笔墨纸观）the Four Treasures of the Study (brush, ink stick, paper, and ink stone) 《大学》The Great Learning
翻译常用词汇 高枕无忧resting without worries 史无前例unprecedented in the history 不可一世a conquering hero 毫不示弱equally firmly 量体裁衣to act according to actual circumstances 一刀两断to cut it clean 与虎谋皮to ask a tiger for its skin 六亲不认to disown all one’s relatives and fri ends 英雄本色the true quality of a hero 英雄所见略同Great minds think alike. 每逢佳节倍思亲On festive occasions more than ever we think of our dear ones faraway. 上有好，下必有其焉。What the superior loves, his inferiors will be found to love exceedingly.大江东去，浪淘尽，千古风流人物。The Great River flows to the east: Its waves have washed away all the men of untrammeled spirit of a thousand ages. 上兵伐谋，其次伐交。What is supremely important in war is to attack the enemy’s strategy. Next best is to disrupt his alliances. 问君能有几多愁，恰似一江春水向东流。I wonder how many sorrows you have. They are exactly like the Yangtze River unceasingly flowing eastward in spring. 千呼万唤始出来，犹抱琵琶半遮面。Only after a thousand entreaties does she appear. Her face half hidden behind the guitar (pipa) in her arms. 吃得苦中苦，方为人上人。Only if you can stand the hardest of hardships can you hope to rise in society. 是非经过不知难You never know how hard a task is almost until you have done it yourself. 满招损Pride goes before a fall. / Pride spells failure. 适可而止Bind the sack before it be full. 好汉做事好汉当A true man has the courage to accept the consequences of his own actions.知己知彼，百战不殆。To know one’s and the enemy’s situation ensures victory. 牵扯之覆，后车之鉴。The overturned car ahead is a warning to the ones behind. 山雨欲来风满楼The wind sweeping through the tower heralds a rising storm in the mountains. 是故学然后知不足，教然后之困。Therefore, to learn makes us realize our deficiency, and to teach makes us know the difficulties. 人尽其才、地尽其利、物尽其利、货畅其流。Our human, land and material resources should be used to the best advantage, and our goods should be in good circulation. 父母有抚养教育未成年子女的义务，成年子女有赡养扶助父母的义务。Parents have the duty to rear and education their children who are minors, and children who have come of age have the duty to support and assist their parents. 中华人民共和国公民有劳动的权利和义务。Citizens of the P eople’s Republic of China have the right as well as the duty of work. 各民族公民都有用本民族语言文字进行诉讼的权利。Citizens of all nationalities have the right to use the spoken and written languages of their own nationalities in court proceedings.
南开大学 2010年南开大学MTI英语翻译基础（回忆版） 一词语翻译（每题1分，共30题）installment plan chenck and balance booned good commuter EU WTO USNE L/C TAO NASA CDED POD 外向型经济 政企分开 载人航天计划 优惠合同 关税总协定 占略伙伴关系 购货合同 报关 恶性循环 贸易顺差节能 安检 显示器 安理会常任理事国 自负盈亏 二英译汉（60分） 忘了 三汉译英（60分） 中国是一个人口众多的国家，历史悠久。是人类优秀文明的发源地，为人类发展做出了贡献。从19世纪中期开始逐渐沦为半殖民地半封建国家。中国人民为了维护国家独立，主权和团结，振兴中华，进行了英勇搏斗。于1949年获得胜利，建立了新中国。现在中国人民在建设中国特色社会主义道路上奋勇直前，集中精力发展经济，提高人民生活水平。中国人民是爱好和平的，渴望发展，乐于同世界各国建立发展友好合作关系，坚定不移地执行独立自主的和平外交政策 2010年南开大学MTI百科知识与汉语写作（雪人不哭回忆） 名词解释50分应用文40 作文60 详见https://www.doczj.com/doc/2d8772721.html,/t3083209p1 趁我今天还记得，补充一点吧。 百科的名词解释是5个句子，每句5个词。考到了气候变化，碳关税，节能减排，艾默生，孔子，希拉里. 克林顿，民主党，伊拉克战场，阿富汗战场，伊朗核计划，中东地区冲突，中国内战，台独，反分裂国家法等内容。 应用文：假设你叫张华，是南开大学外国语学院翻译专业硕士2010届毕业生，已经获得了人事部二级翻译证书，有贸易专业知识，知识面广，兴趣广泛，有秘书写作和计算机操作技能，申请某贸易公司的翻译一职，写一篇求职信，450字。 现代文： 吴冠中说了句什么不能重复，某人说要重复，用的是达芬奇画鸡蛋的例子。综合上述两句，写一篇关于学习和创新的议论文，800字。 我想到的就这些，有些不足的还望其他战友予以补充~ 华中师大
英语新词汇与常用词汇的翻译-N篇 2010年9月 N.Y. 纽约 nab 逮捕 nabe 电影院 nabi 伊斯兰教先知 nabob 印度长官 nabobery 财主去处 nabobess 女财主 nabobism 巨富 Naboth 拿伯 Naboth's vineyard 为别人所垂涎之物 nabs 家伙 nacarat 桔红色 nacelle 引擎机舱 nacre 珠母贝 nacred 真珠质的 nacreous 真珠质的 Naderism 纳德运动 nadir 最低点 nae 不的 naevi 痣 naevus 痔 nag at 唠叨 nag 敦促 nag 老马 nagana 那加那病 nagger 爱唠叨 nagging 唠叨的 naggish 爱唠叨的 nagual 守护神 Nahum 那鸿 naiad 水中仙女 naif 像孩子的 nail a lie to the counter 拆穿西洋镜 nail clippers 指甲钳 nail down to 束缚 nail down 用钉钉住 nail file 指甲锉 nail one's colors to the mast 明确且坚持自己的要求 nail polish 指甲油 nail puller 起钉钳 nail scissors 修甲小剪刀 nail up 钉牢
nail 指甲 nail-biting 束手无策 nail-clippers 指甲刀nailbrush 指甲刷 nailer 敲打工人 nailery 制钉工厂nailhead 钉头 nailhole 钉眼 nailing 敲钉的 nailless 没有指甲的naillike 像指甲的 nailsick 不结实的nainsook 薄棉织物 naira 奈拉 Nairobi 奈洛比naissance 诞生 naive 天真的 naively 天真烂漫地naivete 纯真 naivety 天真烂漫 naked call 无担保承购期权naked eye 肉眼 naked 裸体的 nakedize 成为裸体nakedly 赤裸裸nakedness 裸 naker 定音鼓 Nakhodka 不冻港 naled 二溴磷 namable 可定名的namaste 合十礼namaycush 湖红点鲑namby-pamby 感伤的name after 按...命名name brand 名牌 name it 讲出来 name plate 名牌 name sb for 把...命名为name 名字 name-calling 骂人 name-child 起名 name-drop 抬高身价name-dropping 提高身份nameable 可命名的
燕山大学2015年MTI英语翻译基础真题 I.Directions:Translate the following expressions into their target language respectively.There are altogether30items in this part of the test,15in English and15in Chinese,with one point for each.(30points). 1.农业基础设施 2.办公室恋情 3.工业综合实力 4.暴力拆迁 5.不记名投票 6.自贸协定 7.耐用消费品 8.家政服务 9.假酒 10.剪彩仪式 11.碳减排 12.舆论导向 13.和而不同 14.民间资本 15.民生问题16.bogus marriage 17.patriarchal style 18.vested interest groups 19.retaliatory duty 20.indemnificatory housing 21.API 22.occupancy rate 23.constitutional monarchy 24.excess reclamation 25.farm sidelines 26.Kyoto Protocol 27.heuristic education 28.cultural deposits 29.talent dividend 30.hush money II.Directions:Translate the following four source texts into their target language respectively.If the source text is in English,its target language is Chinese.If the source text is in Chinese,its target language is English.(30points for each,120 points in all) Source text1 Although art historians have spent decades demystifying van Gogh’s legend,they have done little to diminish his vast popularity.Auction prices still soar,visitors still overpopulate van Gogh exhibitions,and The Starry Night remains ubiquitous on dormitory and kitchen walls.So complete
六级翻译词汇经济篇： 宏观经济macro economy 社会主义市场经济socialist market economy 知识经济knowledge economy 网络经济Internet-based economy 经济规律law of economy 大规模生产mass production 生产力productive forces 生产关系relations of production 公有制public ownership 私有制private ownership 国有企业state-owned enterprises (SOEs) 私营企业private business 民营企业privately-run business 中小企业small and medium enterprises (SMEs) 连锁企业franchise / chain business 国民生产总值Gross National Product (GNP) 国内生产总值Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
实际增长率growth rate in real terms 年均增长率average growth rate per annum 可持续增长sustainable growth 经济效益economic returns 投资回报率rate of return on investment 衰退recession 宏观调控macro control 提高经济效益enhance economic performance 扭亏为盈turn a loss-making business into a profitable one 优化经济结构optimize economic structure 扩大内需expand domestic demand 国计民生national interest and people’s livelihood 经济特区special economic zones “十二五规划“ the 12th Five-Year Plan for National and Economic and Social Development 风险投资venture investment 经济繁荣economic boom
1/9 【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站：https://www.doczj.com/doc/2d8772721.html, 1 2015年暨南大学考研指导 育明教育，创始于2006年，由北京大学、中国人民大学、中央财经大学、北京外国语大学的教授投资创办，并有北京大学、武汉大学、中国人民大学、北京师范大学复旦大学、中央财经大学、等知名高校的博士和硕士加盟，是一个最具权威的全国范围内的考研考博辅导机构。更多详情可联系育明教育孙老师。 全日制翻译硕士专业学位研究生入学考试 《英语翻译基础》考试大纲 一．考试目的 《英语翻译基础》是全日制翻译硕士专业学位研究生入学考试的基础课考试科目，其目的是考察考生的外汉互译实践能力是否达到进入MIT 学习阶段的水平。 二、考试性质及范围： 本考试是测试考生是否具备基础翻译能力的尺度参照性水平考试。考试的范围包括MTI 考生入学应具备的外语词汇量、语法知识以及外汉两种语言转换的基本技能。 三、考试基本要求 1.具备一定中外文化，以及政治、经济、法律等方面的背景知识。 2.具备扎实的外汉两种语言的基本功。 3.具备较强的外汉/汉外转换能力。 四、考试形式 本考试采取客观试题与主观试题相结合，单项技能测试与综合技能测试相结合的方法，强调考生的外汉/汉外转换能力。试题分类参见“考试内容一览表”。 五、考试内容： 本考试包括二个部分：词语翻译和外汉互译。总分150分。 I.词语翻译 1.考试要求 要求考生准确翻译中外文术语或专有名词。
2/9 【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站：https://www.doczj.com/doc/2d8772721.html, 2 2.题型 要求考生较为准确地写出题中的30个汉/外术语、缩略语或专有名词的对应目的语。汉/外文各15个，每个1分，总分30分。考试时间为60分钟。 II.外汉互译 1.考试要求 要求应试者具备外汉互译的基本技巧和能力；初步了解中国和目的语国家的社会、文化等背景知识；译文忠实原文，无明显误译、漏译；译文通顺，用词正确、表达基本无误；译文无明显语法错误；外译汉速度每小时250-350个外语单词，汉译外速度每小时150-250个汉字。 2.题型 要求考生较为准确地翻译出所给的文章，外译汉为250-350个单词，汉译外为150-250个汉字，各占60分，总分150分。考试时间为180分钟。《英语翻译基础》考试内容一览表 序号题型 题量分值时间（分钟）1词语 翻译外译汉 15个外文术语、缩略语或专有名词1530汉译外 15个中文术语、缩略语或专有名词15302 外汉互译外译汉 两段或一篇文章，250-350个单词。6060汉译外两段或一篇文章，150-250个汉字。6060总计———— 150180
合同翻译常用句型和词汇This contract is made in two originals 此合同一式二份，由双方各持一正 that should be held by each party. 本。What is left unmentioned in contract may 本合同未尽事宜，可由双方增补作 be added there as an appendix. 为合同附件。 The Contract is written in quadruplicate 本合同一式四份（正副本各两份）(two for original and copy respectively) 自签署后生效which shall become valid on the date of signature. This Contract is executed in two 本合同为中英文两种文本，两种文counterparts each in Chinese and English, 本具有同等效力。本合同一式两each of which shall be deemed equally 份。自双方签字（盖章）之日起生authentic. This contract is in 2 copies 效。 effective since being signed/sealed by both parties. This contract is made by and between the 本合同由买卖双方签订，根据本合buyers and sellers， whereby the buyers 同条款，买方同意购买，卖方同意 agree to buy and the sellers agree to sell 出售以下产品。the under-mentioned commodities according to the terms and conditions stipulated below. 买方 buyer 卖方 seller 项目名称
一、政治类： 1. 日益昌盛 become increasingly prosperous 2. 快速发展 develop rapidly 3. 隆重集会 gather ceremoniously 4. 热爱和平 love peace 5. 追求进步 pursue progress 6. 履行权利和义务 perform the responsibilities and obligations 7. 回顾奋斗历程 review the course of struggle 8. 展望伟大征程 look into the great journey 9. 充满信心和力量 be filled with confidence and strength 10. 必胜 be bound to win 11. 主张各国政府采取行动 urge governments of all countries to take action 12. 和平共处 coexist peacefully 13. 对内开放和对外开放 open up both externally and internally 14. 经历两个不同时期 experience two different periods 15. 战胜无数的困难 overcome numerous difficulties 16. 赢得一个又一个胜利 win one victory after another 17. 完全意识到 be fully aware that 18. 迈出重要的一步 make an important step 19. 采取各种措施 adopt various measures 20. 得出结论 ,告一段落 draw ( arrive at, come to reach ) a conclusion 21. 实现民族独立 realize national independence 22. 追求真理 seek the truth 23. 建立社会主义制度 establish a socialist system 24. 根除 (防止,消除)腐败 root out (prevent, eliminate) corruption 25. 响应号召 respond to the call 26. 进入新时期 enter a new period 27. 实行新政策 practice new policies 28. 展现生机和活力 display one’s vigor and vitality 29. 增强综合国力 enhance comprehensive(overall) national strength and 和国际竟争力 international competitiveness 30. 进入世界先进行列 edge into the advanced ranks in the world 31. 解决温饱问题 solve the problem of food and clothing 32. 吸收各国文明的先进成果 absorb what is advanced in other civilizations 33. 与日俱增 increase every day 34. 实现夙愿 fulfill the long-cherished wishes 35. 必将实现 be bound to come true 36. 锻造一支人民军队 forge a people’s army 37. 建立巩固的国防 build a strong national defense 38. 进行和谈 hold peace talks 39. 修改法律 amend the laws 40. 在．．．中起（至关） play a major的(crucial, an important ) role in