21世纪研究生英语(综合教程2) 练习题答案

21世纪大学英语应用型综合教程2答案unit5 1、36．This kind of bread is terrible. I don't want to eat it ______. [单选题] *A．any more(正确答案)B．some moreC．no longerD．some longer2、Bob is young, _______ he knows a lot. [单选题] *A. becauseB. soC. but(正确答案)D. unless3、When you are tired, listen to music and try to _______ yourself. [单选题] *A. supportB. showC. playD. relax(正确答案)4、3．—Will you buy the black car?No, I won't. I will buya(n) ________ one because I don't have enough money. [单选题] *A．cheap(正确答案)B．expensiveC．highD．low5、54．—________?—Yes, please. I'd like some beef. [单选题] *A．What do you wantB．May I try it onC．Can I help you(正确答案)D．What else do you want6、The secretary was asked to_____of the waste paper on the desk. [单选题] *A.disappearB.dispose(正确答案)C.declareD.got rid7、He _______ maths. [单选题] *A. does well in(正确答案)B. good atC. is well inD. does well at8、How lovely a day,（）? [单选题] *A. doesn't itB. isn't it(正确答案)C.shouldn't itD.hasn't it9、75．As a student in Senior Three, I must work hard．（）, I should take exercise to strengthen my body．[单选题] *A.OtherwiseB.Meanwhile(正确答案)C.ThereforeD.Thus10、Tom didn’t _______ his exam again. It was a pity. [单选题] *A. failB. winC. pass(正确答案)D. beat11、Sorry, I can't accept your invitation. [单选题] *A. 礼物B. 观点C. 邀请(正确答案)D. 好意12、17．Joe is a good student and he is busy ______ his studies every day. [单选题] * A．inB．with(正确答案)C．byD．for13、My watch usually _______ good time, but today it is five minutes fast. [单选题] *A. goesB. makesC. keeps(正确答案)D. gains14、She is a girl, _______ name is Lily. [单选题] *A. whose(正确答案)B. whoC. whichD. that15、——Can you come on Monday or Tuesday? ——Im afraid（）of them is possible. [单选题] *A.neither(正确答案)B. eitherC. noneD.both16、51．People usually ________ the prices before they buy something. [单选题] * A．receiveB．payC．spendD．compare(正确答案)17、It’s usually windy in spring, ______ you can see lots of people flying kites.（）[单选题] *A. so(正确答案)C. butD. for18、41．My father is a headmaster and he is _____ charge _____ a primary school. [单选题] * A．/, ofB．/, withC．in, of (正确答案)D．in, with19、18．Monica wants to be a _______. She is good at sports and she loves teaching others. [单选题] *A．coach(正确答案)B．secretaryC．architectD．waiter20、Tom didn’t _______ his exam again. It was a pity. [单选题] *A. winB. pass(正确答案)C. beat21、—_____ will the bus arrive? —In four minutes. [单选题] *A. How longB. How oftenC. How soon(正确答案)D. How far22、You should _______ your card. [单选题] *A. drawB. depositC. investD. insert(正确答案)23、Some people were born with a good sense of direction. [单选题] *A. 听觉B. 方向感(正确答案)C. 辨别力D. 抽象思维24、Don’t _______ to close the door when you leave the classroom. [单选题] *A. missB. loseC. forget(正确答案)D. remember25、--Why are you late for school today?--I’m sorry. I didn’t catch the early bus and I had to _______ the next one. [单选题] *A. wait for(正确答案)B. ask forC. care forD. stand for26、Could you please ______ why you can’t come to attend the meeting? [单选题] *A. explain(正确答案)B. understandC. giveD. reach27、The children were all looking forward to giving the old people a happy day. [单选题]*A. 寻找B. 期盼(正确答案)C. 看望D. 继续28、Look! There are some boats ______ the river.（）[单选题] *A. on(正确答案)B. overC. betweenD. in29、67．—What can I do for you?—I'm looking at that dress.It looks nice.May I ________？[单选题] *A．hold it onB．try it on(正确答案)C．take it offD．get it off30、I couldn’t find Peter,_____did I know where he had gone. [单选题] *A.nor(正确答案)B.eitherC.neverD.as。

综合教程（一）一、完形填空(1)and (2)understand (3)about (4)sides (5)what(6)bad (7)nor (8)properly (9)destroy (10)says (11)which (12)stronger (13)behind (14)up (15)While (16)unique (17)dark (18)benefits (19)from (20) rule英译汉由于殖民地与许多海外地区的大量贸易，所有欧洲重要商业国以及它们在西半球领地的金银铸币在北美东海岸都可以自由交换。

由于法律不允许英国货币从英国流向殖民地，相比之下，西班牙的货币更加重要。

这些货币在墨西哥城及利马铸造，再进入西班牙殖民地。

西班牙币在殖民地被普遍使用，以至于这种硬币最后成为美国货币单位。

虽然早在1652年马萨诸塞率先铸造低含金量的硬币，但殖民地最后转而印制纸币以补充短缺且不可靠的货币供给。

著名人士的期票与签发给英国商人的汇票几个月内就能顺利转手。

此外，各个殖民地的财政部门开始在收税前签发期票，同时向城镇官员下达书面命令要求当地店铺履行付款义务，如其他可转让的单据一样，这些票据经背书后可作为货币进行交换。

1、随着我国加入世贸组织，国有银行面临的压力越来越大，为了尽快解决资本充足率以及扩大规模，这家大银行打算与其它两家小银行合并。

With China’s successful entry into the WTO, state-owned banks are faced with more and more pressure. The big bank intends to merge with two small banks so as to quickly solve the problem of capital sufficiency and enlarge its scale.2、受全球经济衰退和通货膨胀的影响，这个城市的许多小企业已经破产或者本大公司兼并，导致大量工人面临失业的困境。

1. enables2. arguing3. comments4. despite5. planet6. pretending7. cruel8. pollutted9. particularly10. freedom61.have no use for2.playing with3.dwell on4.get together995.lined up6.No doubt7.make sure8.why notTEXT CSuggested Answers to the Questions in Text CPassenger Pigeons1. They looked attractive with a blue back and a pink breast.2. Over 300 million birds an hour.3. They lived throughout Eastern North America and they ate acorns and beechnuts.4. They were suffocated; fed grain soaked in alcohol; beaten down with long sticks,killed with shotguns, caught in nets or trapped with a stool pigeon.Great Auk1. The Great Auk looked like the penguin.2. They lived in the North Atlantic.3. Between 1785 and 1844.4. They were hunted mainly for their feathers which were used for mattress and pillow stuffing.5. Two fishermen.11.C2.B3.D4.D5.A6.C17.1，Main Idea: Clever Hans proved to be an excellent student. Example 1: Facing his teacher, he would stand quietly during each lesson.Example 2: These “blinders” made Hans look directly at his teacher.2, Main Idea: Most parents work hard at either preventing failure or protecting their children from the knowledge that they have failed.Example 1: One day is to lower standards. A mother describes her child’s hastily made table as “perfect!” even though it wobbles on uneven legs.Example 2: Another way is to shift blame. If John fails science, his teacher is unfair or stupidUnit 5,Listening & Speaking1, have a good memory, in learning, remembering names, memorizing figures, in others, to recall something,when we first met? what you saw at the moment? my name; what you told me; what I said; what the instructor told us to do?the password? your promise.we first met in 2000; I saw nothing at the moment; what I told you; what you said.3,1), by any chance, aren’t you, for that purpose, I’m asking you, in different ways, ring a bell, reminding me, a good memory, reading aloudThe language used to expree curiosity.They learned how to use it last week.She helps LiMing recall the language.Repetition enhances memory.She reads aloud every day.2), hit pretty well, his poor eyesight, had perfect eyesight, The next day, the middle of the fairway, he saw it, where the ball wasWell, I was hitting pretty well, but my eyesight’s gotten so bad I couldn’t see where the ball went.But he’s 85 and doesn't play golf anym ore.Do you see it, Scott?Well, where is it?5, CADDA6, DBBBB7, TTFFF8, on a musical instrument, to learn them, quite difficult for you, habit of doing it, forming habits, the ordinary things in life, habit, with ordinary habits, the plot of a book, means memory. 9, They would probably say that people had memorized how to do them.It can be described as learning by means of forming habits. They enables us to do most of the ordinary things in life.You are making use of something that is very much like habit. What is memory?Text A51.fortunate2.respected3.forever4.characteritary6.friendship7.memories8.soul9.precious wyer61.as well as2.made use of3.keep their distance from4.took out5.as for6. stared at 71.While the car is old, it still runs well.2.While we are a small company, we produce over 10,000 machines a year.3.White I quite understand why he refused to help her, I cannotagree that he was right not to do so.4.While no more than twenty-two, she was already a highly successful business-woman.5.While in poor health, she continued to carry out her duties.81.even worse2.even less3.even more interesting4.even more exciting91.At the soldier’s funeral, the general presented his wife with a medal as well as an American flag.2.These old stamps are even more valuable than all the rest of my estate. As for the diamond ring, it is priceless.3.While his love is now a memory, each time I stare at his photo, I can fully appreciate the depth of his love.4.Mother often tells me to make good use of my precious time and keep my distance from those I mistrust.5.I didn’t understand that mature friendship could enrich our lives until I read his letter.101.equipments → e quipment2.advices → advicermatio ns → information4.are → is5.works → w ork6.grasses → gra ss7.progresses → progress 8.are → is9.treasure → treasures10.wealths → wealth Pratcical Writing(写作):111.Edward Burton2.Mrs. Ella Lindstrom3.president4.1448 South 25th Street5.7701612Chen Xiang, Sales managerSuton International Shipping Limited88 South Changjiang RoadShanghai 200441P.R. ChinaMr. James GreenGeneral ManagerGreen Industries Inc.999 Park AvenueRockford, IL 61265USA141.earnest2.quality3.lonely4.relief5.old-fashioned6.satisfy7.hankerchief8.spread9.stirred 10.package 151.lifting out2.straighten up3.are in love with4.poured out5.has come down to6.drew back7.was wrapped up8.Once upon a time161.B2.C3.A4.B5.D6.D7.C8.D171. 1) She was busy getting their children fed and off to school.2) He was reading the newspaper.3) She was having a very busy morning but her husband didn’t lend her a hand. And when she wanted to talk to him, he just kept on reading the newspaper.2. 1) They were in the kitchen eating and talking with each other.2) They sat and shared some quiet time at the table.3) His family enjoyed some “quality time” together one morning.Unit 6,Listening & Speaking1, an awful experience; care, concern and comfort; daily communication; to express sympathy; what happened to you; her bad luck; his condition3,1), going on; making a donation; feeling awful; for them; we can help; make a difference; make a big difference; the most important thing; That’s for sureThey’re making a contribution to children suffering from leukemia.They feel deeply sorry.They want to make a contribution.If everybody contributes, it will make a big difference.It reflects their heartfelt concern.2), how he was doing; It was a stomach flu; she could do; it was over; a quick recoveryHi! This is Anna. How are you doing?Oh, I’m sorry to hear that. What kind of flu is it?That sounds awful. Is there anything I can do?Well, I hope it doesn’t take long. Let me know if I can help.5, CADBA6, CDCBD7, TFFTT8, unlucky; some theories; has to do with; making the 13th; bad luck; the 13th guest; in almost every country9, Some have been considered to be lucky; some, unlucky.It is unknown.Yes. There are some.There were 12 demigods and then Loki appeared, making the 13th. Since Loki was evil and cruel and caused human misfortunes, and since he was the 13th demigod, the number 13 came to be a sign of bad luck.There were 13 persons at the Last Supper, and Judas was the 13th guest.Text A51. waging2. standard3. community4. issues5. project6. transferred7. significant8. experiences9. personnel 10. medical6.1. hooked up2. right now3. torn apart4. ran through5. along with6. stepped back7. walked into8. stayed with 71. I love Yao Ming for his modesty and so does my girlfriend.2. Frank quickened his steps and so did Henry.3. Jane bought a copy of Love Story and so did all the other girls.4. I am confident that the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games will be agreat success. So am I.5. If your brother Adam can do it, so can I.6. I’d love to go to Shanghai to see the World Expo in the year 2010. So would I.81. Instead of ordering an advance, the general commanded that the soldiers retreat immediately.2. We propose that Louis be appointed chairman and chief executive of IBM Corp.3. The patient has requested that the doctor discontinue treatment, but the doctor has ignored his request.4. The police chief ordered that parking be prohibited on Main Street during rush hours.5. David demanded that he be told the truth about what had happened to his beloved son.91. Xiao Zhang was knocked off his bicycle by a taxi on his way home from school.2. Katha rine is very proud of her husband’s achievements in medical research.3. When I asked Billy if there was anything else I could do for him, he again asked me to hold him.4. I fully understood why they had these two restrictions placed on me, but I really d idn’t like them.5. I am sorry I can not grant your request right now. I have to talk it over with our manager.6. Since she lost her job a number of years ago, Helen has been looking forward to being employed again by the MacDonald’s Corporation.101. The criminal was punished.2. Special attention must be paid to this important issue.3. She was made fun of at the party.4. Is the house cleaned regularly?5. Lost time must be made up for.6. He was found innocent of all charges.7. You have been told the truth.8. My report will be sent to you by Tom.9. English is spoken almost all over the world.10. A fine has to be paid if the books are not returned to the library on time or renewed before they are due.111.26 Glendale Road, Chester CH4 7HB.2. The top right hand corner.3. By using “Dear Andy.”4. By responding to news in a letter sent by her friend.5. In paragraph 2, she tells her friend something about her work. In paragraph 3, she tells her friend the news about the death of their old teacher. In paragraph 4, she invites her friend to a show.6.“Hope to see you soon.”7.She signs off. (writes”lots of love ” and signs her first name below that.)12Dear Ann,It’s been half a year since you left home. I miss you very much! Luckily, I’m coming to G uangzhou to attend a meeting on May 10th. The meeting will last five days. I’ll come to see you during my stay there and we can have a good long talk to make up for all the lost time.I’m so looking forward to seeing you!Love,XiaomingText B141. response2. informed3. risk4. value5. limit6. permitting7. involved8. bold9. perceive 10. retain151. to be honest with you2. shortly after3. searching for4. pick up5. come up with6. find out7. regardless of8. Given the circumstancesText C16/ 1.D 2.A 3.B 4.B 5.D 6.C17/Topic sentenceThere are several good reasons why deer hunting should be permitted.Controlling words in the topic sentenceSeveral good reasons why deer hunting should be permitted Transition wordsFirst of all, second, finallyreasons1, If hunting were not permitted, many more animals would starve to death over the winter months.2, The license fees paid by hunters supply most of the money used by the state and federal governments to buy recreation areas, wildlife refuges, and the park lands.3, Some people hunt to gather food.Unit 7,Listening & Speaking1, do something; it is made; established; signed; free of ; full of;put it back; do it your way; wait in line; keep quiet in the bus; delay the plan; read the document; pay income taxes; take this course; observe the rules; sign the contract; protect the environment; do it right now; sit in my class; keep your promise; meet the obligation; pay it back; make any noise here 3,1), what’s up; my way; o n campus; have an obligation; feel obliged; It’s our duty; we’re supposed; after this thoughIt’s type B.There’s a movable blood bank.She feels obliged to donate blood.It can save patients’ lives.He says that he has the same feeling and would like to do something for his fellow countrymen and women.2), to explain; cool his heels in jail; listen to him; he was lucky; in a good mood; was the groomJust be quiet. I’m going to let you cool your heels in jail until the chief gets back.And I said to keep qu iet! You’re going to jail!Lucky for you that the chief is at his daughter’s wedding. He’ll be in a good mood when he gets back.5, DCDDC 6, CCDAA 7, TFFFT8, in a thick forest; off the pile; a poor man; for the rest of your life; have more need; since my childhood; the honesty; instead of me; lead a simple life.9, He found some treasure among a pile of bricks.He said, “I will show you a treasure that will keep you in comfort and happiness for the rest of your life.”Because he believed that the king had more need of it than he did.He wondered at the honesty of the poor man.He gave up his empire and led a simple life.Text A.51.proposal2.rent3.social4. lengths5. solutions6. alternative7. admire8. Meanwhile9. experts mon 61. goes to great lengths2. have in common3. In a nutshell4. gives it to you straight5. hanging around6. paid off7.tell it like it is 8. instead of71. but that she’s very tired2. but that it is not big enough3. but that they were extremely rude4. It’s not that they cannot do it well5. It’s not that I don’t trust you6. It’s not that he’s not intelligent81.Had he been in your position, he’d p robably have done the same.2.Had you reminded me, I might not have forgotten.3.Had we followed his advice, we might have avoided the disaster.4.Had we caught the 10 o’clock train, we would ha ve got there by lunch time.5.Had he worked hard this term, he could have passed the examination.91.The two, who have nothing in common, have actually become friends. It’s not that they liked each other from the very beginning, but that they have worked together and helped each other.2.When you meet new words while reading, looking up thewords in the dictionaries is one solution. Another alternative is to guess the meaning from context.3.Instead of going to great lengths to check in books, you’d better search on the Internet.4.Had he told the truth, he wouldn’t have been in such an embarrassing situation.5.His boss refused to raise his pay. Meanwhile he proposed to the company that they fire him.6.In a nutshell, your effort will pay off.101.were2. would have forgotten3. wouldn’t have failed4.had bad5.were/was6.had driven7.might/should/would have8.would be9.saw 10.had spokenPratcical Writing(写作):11(3) Dear Chris,(6) Thanks for your last letter. I am really sorry I didn’t write back earlier, but I have only just got back from holiday. I went with three friends to a little place called Mojacar which is near Almeria, but it wasn’t exa ctly what we expected!(2) We booked some rooms in a hotel in the village, but when we arrived at the hotel, we were very disappointed. Itwas very old, rather dirty and we couldn’t see the sea. So, we decided to change.(8) The next hotel was perfect. It was very clean and it had the biggest swimming pool I have ever seen. But there was one problem — it was too expensive! We stayed one night, but then it was time to change again!(1) In the end we found a beautiful apartment with a balcony and it was cheap. Unfortunately, we only had four days of our holiday left.(5) Anyway, I must go and unpack my suitcase! I will write again soon.(4) Love,(7) Natalia1264 Robin RoadCambridgeRH25 8PX23 October, 2004Dear Sarah,Thank you so much for the card and money that you sent me for my birthday. My parents gave me a new stereo so I have already decided that I will use the money I got from youto buy two new CDs.Lots of Love,Jonathan141.beneath2.reappearing3.shaking4.missing5.sank6.silent7.dozen8.silver9.steel 10.echo151.at once2.at work3.as long as4.once again5.trip over6.by and by7.mde of8.shook her head161. D2. B3.D4.C5.D171. 1) About eight adults sitting waiting, and a lot of kids.2) It’s always a very crowded room and the atmosphere is pretty tense.2. 1) Vermeer Van Delft.2) She is quite tall and fairly strong. She is about 18 or 19 years old.3) She is wearing a white scarf, a yellow blouse, a blue apron and an orange floor-length skirt.Unit 8,Listening & Speaking1, around us; behind it; curious about the; explore it; to know; we have different seasons; we long to discover; why we get tired; it is so difficult; we got so much rain; you got a cold; it happens that way; we have different seasons; the earth moves around the sun; discovery is exciting; the body needs to rest; it takes time; is was the rainy season; physical exercise3,1),final exams; the thing is; dead right; under stress; belong to; the former; why is that; our genes differ; I read widely Because she’s under a lot of stress.They tend to overeat or eat little under stress.He tends to overeat.He says that the reason is that their genes are different. Because he reads widely, particularly about such things.2), was serious; a brain transplant; cost a lot; a brain would cost; a difference in price; they were overusedThings don’t look good.Well, the only chance is a brain transplant.This is an experimental procedure. It might work, but the bad news is that brains are very expensive, and you will have to pay the cost yourselves.For a male brain, $200,000. For a female brain, $500,000.This is standard pricing practice. Men’s brains have to be marked d own because they’re overused.5, BDABA6, CBDDC7, TFTFT8, around us; goes against; were simpler; in its simplest form; past ages; the steps of evolution; have been found; go back; reptiles before birds; from one form to another9, Because of evolution.Because it proves that all the plants and animals in the world today have developed in a natural way from earlier forms that were simpler.Becausethey can prove that evolution did take place.That fish developed in the waters of the earth before amphibians, amphibians before reptiles, reptiles before birds, and so on.A theory that proves that life has progressed from one form to another.Text A51.advances2.predict3.existed4.powerful5.audiences6.manufacturing7.damaged8.effect9.contains 10.connected 61.thanks to2.at a pace3.died of4.for one5.was replaced with6.carrying around7.in the first place 8.has come full circle 9.and so on7puters of this type use very little power, which means that they will run on small batteries.2.After I left hometown, I never met my best friend Leon again, which was a great pity.3.She said the job would be done by March, which I doubt.4.The day before she gave her speech to the large audience at the town hall, she was a little worried, which was understandable.5.He was educated at the local grammar school, after which he went on to Cambridge.81.as it moves across the sky2.As time went by3.As technology keeps advancing4.As he has been up since 4 A.M.5.as they have so much paperwork to deal with6.as computers become more and more powerful91.The past decade has seen the advances in computer scienceand technology at a dizzying pace.2.Thanks to the development of genetic engineering, someday doctors will be able to replace damaged genes with healthy ones and nobody will die of cancer anymore.3.As it is difficult to predict what effect this new drug will have on the patient, probably we should not give it to him in the first place.4.This nuclear power plant has existed for twenty years, but it suddenly stopped its operation ten years ago, which is really difficult to understand.5.Once you connect your computer to the Internet, you will find that many services on the Internet — email for one — are provided free of charge.6.At different stages of my life I have been a teacher, a salesman, a manager and so on. Now it seems that my career has come full circle and I am teaching again at this college thatI left thirty years ago.101.No longer will I believe a word you say.2.Seldom did she show her feelings.3.Only after long consideration did he agree to our plan.4.Not only did he turn up late, but he also forgot his books.5.Had she become a lawyer, as her parents wished, she would have earned a large salary.6.In came the chairman and the meeting began.7.Hardly had he finished his work when the telephone rang.8.Never did we think his speech had made so deep an impression on his audience.9.So much does he worry about his financial position that he can’t sleep at night.10.Had he worked harder, he would have got through the exams.Pratcical Writing(写作):111. ****************2. *******************3.reschedule the meeting on May 10th4.Sun, 2 May, 2004, 12:13:345.that the General Manager, Mr. Brown, must be away for a marketing conference in Paris around that time.12 Hi, David,It’s great to hear that you’re coming soon.You can travel by plane or train. If I were you, I’d do it by plane. Why not contact a few travel agents? They sometimes offercheap flights.It would be worth bringing another form of identification, like an ID card, because you won’t want to carry your passport around all the time. You ought to bring a little English currency with you, in case the banks are shut when you arrive. However, it’s a good idea to have mainly travellers checks, as they’re much safer. By the way, you’ll probably find it’s well worth getting a student card —you’ll be able to get all sorts of discounts, particularly when it comes to traveling around. There’s just one other thing —you’d better remember to get in touch with us when you’re over here, or we’ll be very upset! Love,Chen Bin141.electricity2.power3.safety4.amount5.harmful6.be alarmed7.huge8.check9.heat 10.Steam151.get into2.After all3.take place4.blew off5.to make matters worse6.taken steps7.taking chances8.Even though161.A2.C3.A4.C5.D6.B7.B8.C17Steps involved1)The subjects listened to a recording.2)The subjects took a 15 question test to see which words they remembered.3)The subjects took a language proficiency test.Transition words usedto begin with, following…, finally。

21世纪研究生英语（综合教程2）练习题答案Unit OneText A Putting in a Good Word for GuiltⅢ. Key to the exercises1. Reading comprehension(1) They think guilt is a bad thing for one’s psychology, and if you want to live with true liberation, you should get rid of the sense of guilt and try to believe everything and everybody is OK, no matter what you have done.(2) Under this kind of conception, people try to ignore the sense of guilt without finding out its real meaning in life. And it’s somewhat like self deceiving to say everything is ok because in deeper conscience, people will still feel uneasy if sense of guilt is not dealt with properly.(3) Some people can go through their lives without a moment of guilt, while the other group of people may feel guilty just for being alive.(4) A sense of guilt, as well as a sense of duty, can urge us to do the right thing when we may not feel like doing it. In that way, a sense of guilt is the great civilizer of our basic conscience and the maintainer of our behavior.(5) Y ou can eith er change the opinion of a perfect image so that you’ll feel less guilty when failing to achieve something, or change the behavior in a way that is more in accord with your right conscience.2. V ocabulary(1) slaying (2) obsessively (3) ingrained (4) hustles(5) inflicted (6) commandment/stampede (7) infidelities(8) qualms (9) catatonic3. Paraphrase(1) But then it came to my mind that people have given up guilt for too long a time. During that period of time of about ten years or more, those welcom e psychologists solved people’s mental problems by writing books instead of giving clinical treatment. And they are trying to advocate the concept that nobody should feel guilty for anything.(2) In the past, it was commonly thought that to love himself, everyone should first give up his guilt. For the most part of the past ten years, people deliberately ignored the sense of guilt without understanding its meaning and significance.(3) What’s more, we would never be one of those who give up their guilt whil e becoming more and more deteriorated in excessive admiration of themselves.(4) There are people who are tortured by unreasonable guilt. Of course we are not willing to be one of them or guide our children to be one of them.(5) In such a changeable world, our sense of duty is very likely to change our feeling. Now an old concept may conflict with a new one on what we should do. There is a great difference between our belief and the education we got, and that difference results in the sense of guilt.(6) If guilt represents the contradiction of our standards of behavior, it is a good thing full of strength and humanness.(7) In some aspect, the so called bad feeling reflects the best nature of human being. Because wedon’t want to feel guilty, we will not do bad things.(8) In that aspect, guilt can make us civilized and force us by conscience to be good people instead of putting ourselves in the first place urgently.4. Cloze(2) responsibility(3) reason(4) triggered(5) anxiety(6) committed(7) criticism(8) empathy(9) develop(10) violates(11) value(12) intended(13) fulfill(14) generally(15) failing(16) intended(17) biochemical (18) judged(19) since(20) nature5. TranslationA. Translate the following paragraph into Chinese.究其最深层最彻底的含义，内疚感是我们心中一个渴望被捕获的罪犯。

Ⅰ. Background information (3)Ⅱ. Language points (4)Ⅲ. Key to the exercises (6)Unit 2 (10)Ⅰ. Background information (10)Ⅱ. Language points (12)Ⅲ. Key to the exercises (15)Unit 3 (19)Ⅰ. Background information (19)Ⅱ. Language points (20)Ⅲ. Key to the exercises (22)unit 4 (26)Ⅰ. Background information (26)Ⅱ. Language points (32)Ⅲ. Key to the exercises (33)Unit 5 (36)Ⅰ. Background information (36)Ⅱ. Language points (39)Ⅲ. Key to the exercises (41)Unit 6 (44)Ⅰ. Background information (44)Ⅱ. Language points (50)Ⅲ. Reference materials (51)Ⅲ. Key to the exercises (54)Unit 7 (59)Ⅰ. Background information (59)Ⅱ. Language points (60)Ⅲ. Key to the exercises (61)Unit 8 (63)Ⅰ. Background information (63)Ⅱ. Language points (67)Ⅲ. Key to the exercises (68)Unit 9 (71)Ⅰ. Background information (71)Ⅱ. Language points (74)Ⅲ. Key to the exercises (75)Unit 10 (78)Ⅰ. Language points (78)Ⅱ. Key to the exercises (79)Unit 11 (83)Ⅰ. Background information (83)Ⅱ. Language points (85)Ⅲ. Key to the exercises (87)I. Background information (91)Ⅱ. Language points (91)Ⅲ. Key to the exercises (94)Unit 1Text A Putting in a Good Word for GuiltⅠ. Background information1．Ellen Goodman A syndicated columnist whose writing appears in over four hundred newspapers, Ellen Goodman began her working career in 1963. Goodman began newspaper writing at the Detroit Free Press, where she worked as a general reporter and news feature writer on the city desk.In 1980, Goodman was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for Distinguished Commentary. Goodman‟s work has won many other awards, including the American Society of Newspaper Editors Distinguished Writing Award in 1980. She received the Hubert H. Humphrey Civil Rights Award from the Leadership Conference on Civil Rights in 1988. In 1993, at its Seventh Annual Exceptional Merit Media Award Ceremony, the National Women‟s Political Caucus gave her the President‟s Award. In 1994, the Women‟s Research & Education Institute presented her with their American Woman Award.2．Freud Freud may justly be called the most influential intellectual legislator of his age. His creation of psychoanalysis was at once a theory of the human psyche, a therapy for the relief of its ills, and an optic for the interpretation of culture and society. Despite repeated criticisms, attempted refutations, and qualifications of Freud‟s work, its spell remained powerful well after his death and in fields far removed from psychology as it is narrowly defined. If, as the American sociologist Philip Rieff once contended, “psychological man” replaced such earlier notions as political, religious, or economic man as the 20th century‟s dominant self image, it is in no small measure due to the power of Freud‟s vision and the seeming inexhaustibility of the intel lectual legacy he left behind.3．Karl Menninger (1893 1990) founder of the Menninger Foundation for Psychiatric Education and Research. As director of education of the foundation, besides training other theapists, he wrote many works, among which are The Human Mind (1930), Man Against Himself (1938), and Whatever Became Of Sin? (1973)4．Reverend TillotsonJohn Tillotson (1630 1694), chaplain to Charles Ⅱand a prominant preacher of his age. He supported the Revolution of 1688 and was apointed Archbishop of Canterbury in 1691.5．David Riesman American sociologist and author most noted for The Lonely Crowd: A Study of the Changing American Character (with Reuel Denney and Nathan Glazer, 1950), a work dealing primarily with the social character of the urban middle class. “The lonely crowd” became a catchphrase denoting modern urban society in which the individual feels alienated. Also entering common speech were the labels he applied to two of the three character types that he identified in the book: “inner directed” and “other directed.”Ac cording to Riesman‟s theory, in preindustrial societies having a high potential for population growth (e.g., medieval Europe), the typical individual is “tradition directed,” his personal valuesbeing determined by the traditions of a highly structured society or by power relations within its major divisions, such as classes, professions, castes, or clans. These values are characteristically passed intact from one generation to another. When the population is growing but has not reached the stage of crowding (e.g., western Europe from the Renaissance to the early 20th century), the “inner directed” individual predominates. His personal values are determined early by his immediate family, are not necessarily related to any wider social forces, and are also likely to remain unchanged. In heavily industrialized societies, where the population is dense and perhaps beginning to decline, the “other directed” individual emerges. His life is in large part shaped by “peer groups” of persons whom he resembles in age, s ocial class, or otherwise, and he adjusts his values to conform to those of his group in a constant process of change.Ⅱ. Language points1. Feeling guilty is nothing to feel guilty about. (para.1) You don‟t have to be consciously uncomfortable if you have the sense of guilt.2. Yes, guilt can be the excess baggage that keeps us paralyzed unless we dump it. (para.1)Sure, guilt can be the over loaded burden that tortures us if we don‟t get rid of it.paralyze v. to make unable to move or acte.g. The child was paralyzed by fear when the thunder came.打雷的时候，这孩子被吓得不能动弹。

21世纪研究生英语综合教程2课后练习题含答案课后练习题1.根据文章内容和所学知识，回答以下问题：（1）What is cognitive psychology？（2分）（2）List three cognitive processes.（3分）（3）What is metacognitive awareness?（2分）（4）What do we know about the functional distinction between the cerebral hemispheres？（3分）2.请阅读下面的短文，并回答问题。

Reading is one of the most important skills that a student can develop. In fact, it is not just students who need to develop this skill. It is essential for everyone. Research has shown that reading helps develop vocabulary, improve comprehension and enhance imagination. Reading helps to expand your knowledge and broaden your horizons.But how can you become a better reader? Here are some tips:(1)Start with something easy. If you are a novice reader,beginning with material that is too challen ging won’t be fun andmay discourage you.(2)Read at a comfortable pace. If you try to read toofast and miss important detls, you will end up having to go backand re-read the material.(3)Focus on comprehension, not just speed. Reallyunderstanding what you are reading is much more important than just finishing quickly.(4)Take breaks. Reading can be tiring, so give yourself abreak every now and then.(5)Practice reading in different settings. You may findthat you read better in one location or environment than another. （1）What is the importance of developing reading skills?（2分）（2）What are the benefits of reading?（2分）（3）What are some tips for becoming a better reader?（6分）答案1.（1）Cognitive psychology is the study of mental processessuch as。

21世纪大学实用英语综合教程(第二册)课文翻译及课后习题答案unit 2Unit 2The wrong person (adapted)Mark, Twain?One day a few years ago, I came to Salamanca, a railway station near New York・I plan to take the sleeper train thcrc. The platform is, they poured into the long sleeper, the train is crowded. I asked the man at the ticket office if he could buy two tickets, but he snapped: 〃no tickets.〃！〃And then closed the window to my face・ It was a real blow to my dignity, but I needed the two tickets again. I found a local official and asked him if he could find a poor corner somewhere in the sleeping car, but he snapped at me and snapped: 〃no, I can，t find it. 〃・Every corner is packed. Well, don，t bother me any more・〃With that, he ignored me and walked away. I had not expected him to treat me like this, and my dignity was in a state beyond dcscription. I said to my companion, "they talked to me like this because they didn，t know who I was・"But my companion said, 〃don't say things like that・ Even if they know who you arc, do you think it will help you get a scat on a train that doesn，t have an empty seat?" And he ignored me. This is away over the linc. I found the officer and politely told him my namc was Mark Twain. Could I - but he interrupted me again: ve told you not to bother me again."・〃Then he stopped talking to me.I looked helplessly around and found my companion witncssing the whole process・ The shame I felt could not be described in words・ I said, "maybe he didn't hear my name・〃・" But my companion didn't think so. He said, 〃he must have heard your name clearly, but he didn，t care,that's all. 〃I don，t know what will happen next, but at this time, I noticed a young porter of sleeping car whispering to the conductor, and nodding toward me. The conductor immediately turned around and walked reverent and respectful to me.，z What can I do for you, sir?" He said, 〃you need to find a place in the sleeper?""Well, of course, z，I replied, "but I asked that man on the platform, he said that every corner is full, also told me not to bother him・"〃No, sir, I can，t believe he said that・〃・I can，t imagine anyone talking to you like this, sir! T m sorry, sir, but you must have misunderstood him・ We don't have any room left・ There，s only the large family room with two berths and a few armchairs, but all of them are for you to enjoy. Come here, Tom・ Put these boxes on the bus!"The porter took our suitcase and we got on the bus・ After we had been comfortably settled in the deluxe room, Tom laughed and said, 〃0h, what else do you need, sir?"〃E T, the lamp is too high・〃・Can you fix me a lamp at my bedside so that I can read the book more comfortably?"Yes, sir, you can. 〃・I' 11 fix it for you personaily. What do you need to say, we are the whole railway and check a times to help you find・〃And he left・I smiled and said to his friend, "well, what do you say now?〃My companion looks ashamed・he said, "you're right・〃・r m sorry for what I said to you on the platform just now. So it seems stupid to me, not you. I'm glad to be with you. But for you, I wou 1 d never have gotten the ticket・ But I still don，t understand・〃Just then, Tom，s smiling face appeared again at the door, and then he said, "Oh, sir, I recognized you at once・〃・Then I told the conductor・"〃Is that so, young man?" "Who am I?〃I asked"〃You are Mr. Mcclellan, mayor of New York・"Then he left again.AnswerFive1.bother, bother2., companion3. , Shame4. , officials5., notice6. recognized7. vacant8. scene9. politely 10. describeSix1.,cut, short,2., at, their, disposal,3., at, the, same, time,, in.・・ Face5., turn, your, back, on,6. , a, couple, of,7. , turned. •・Inside out 8. Look aroundSeven"Must have seen the tickets for tonight" s play2., must, have, been, here, many, times3., may, have, gone, bad4.,may, not, have, received, the, presentEightThe "Nancy was glad to have quit her part-time job her before final exams. z/〃Aren t you ashamed to have eaten all the fruit in the basket?"The 〃We are really grateful to have received so much care during visits our here・〃"Henry was foolish to have trusted such a liar・"Nine〃The public that noticed since that official left local hisposition had been vacant for a couple of months・〃"Seeing the looking girl around helplessly the platform on the young porter asked politely if she needed any help.，zThe 〃I recognized your companion the minute he appeared at the door. He looked just as you had described・〃"We, didn, , t, bother, to, find, a, hotel, for, my, good, friend, US, to, stay, in, her, invited, house, and, put,, a, luxurious, disposa 1., car, at, our. 〃Turning While the professor was the suitcases inside out to his find glasses his wife was sitting comfortably in an armchair watching the whole scene・〃I turned my back on her because she expected me to treat her like a queen."Ten"Seeing a doctor as soon as possible"2.,working, for, another, hour3. , buying, a, new, car4.,going, to, the, cinema5.,having, been, to, New, YorkSix我辞职7o说它8o被认可9o花光了所有的钱10o我失去工作但愿保罗？莫纳汉我在一家7-11商店里已经工作了两年，自以为很善于处理我们经理所说的”与顾客的关系” To我坚信，一个友好的微笑和脱口而出的”先生”、”女士”和”谢谢”就足以让我应付任何可能岀现的情况，无论是安慰缺乏耐心或难缠的顾客，还是为找错零钱而道歉。

第一单元_E/Xk!Text A Tax Competition Spurs GlobalizationeKey to the exercisesM@<J1. Reading comprehensioni+(1) The economic forces behind globalization include rising trade and investmentCRv flows, greater labor mobility, and rapid transfers of technology. Those trendsulshave been stimulated by the deregulation of financial markets, reductions in trade#f5ap barriers, and lower communication costs._>(:(2) Most economists support globalization because it raises the incomes of people<qy worldwide. Another lesser noticed benefit is that it makes it harder forA$6 governments to sustain excessively high tax rates. When economic integration_ increases, individuals and businesses gain the freedom to take advantage of lowvytax rates abroad.|F"(3) It shows that some smart nations like Ireland are treating international tax?oQ competition as an opportunity, not a threat.?qLS[h(4) First, high tax countries have urged international organizations to reduceD.ip7B tax competition. Second, many nations are adding layers of complex rules onWw.H NxmyNmbusinesses to discourage them from investing abroad, rather than reducing tax7burdens so that businesses want to invest at home.`k(5) Because there are more opportunities and lower taxes in cities such as+>vicbLondon.@g:!V')blPX(6) The author cites the case of Ireland to show that with the reduction of taxes,G>N&yBa large number of immigrants are attracted, and people at home are unwilling top:%0_X=migrate out. The lower one country’s tax is, the more skille d people arewin%4W [-attracted.z1'+(7) Because market competition encourages production efficiency. Tax competition8zvprovides an incentive to improve government efficiency. For example, the FederalUIM74@ f$}?}kgovernment is no longer a monopoly—Americans now are able to invest abroad,rb eR!,retire in a low tax Caribbean country, or move their business to low taxc:7 $ v\HIreland. Accordingly, the Federal government needs to reform the tax code andep n?qF.kprovide services more efficiently to encourage Americans and their money to staylHq E_Ea@at home.MC`(8) Tax competition among countries should be a win win policy, as it restrains}urWS}vx3governments and helps spur global economic growth.2. V ocabularyT|a:H(1) d(2) g(3) k(4) i(5) b(6) m(7) c(8) f(9) n(10) a3. ParaphraseEqz@I[g5u(1) Until now, basic economic forces have gone beyond political efforts to makeE782|Fdthis trend slow. Efforts to oppose economic globalization have extended from anti_+q.{ }%3globalization protests to Congressional law making to prevent American< S$companies from building subsidiary business in foreign countries.Y{6]A^(2) Some nations are treating tax competition as a useless and disadvantageous]M?a^n{thing. High tax countries have urged international organizations, such as the)=%` vVjZvborganization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), to ease tax%+9yo t!competition.Fy5MG{Chq(3) And many nations are formulating a series of complex rules on businesses so asI=7scCxp$to try to keep them from investing abroad, instead of reducing tax burdens so thatP_0N :[businesses are willing to invest at home.%]3!"(4) The U.S. is divided into this group because it has one of the highest3*i~Ocorporate tax rates. Nevertheless, America continues to put off reforming taxH"$VXv t~$Ybopolicies, which is expected for a long time.[b9(T'DKY(5) International investors have been affected easily by changes and differencesTDdO/`tOtbetween national tax rates as their investment choices have increased.bl`bU _W(6) Another noticeable issue is that many businesses used to invest in foreignX8T]X.h-country only want to take the opportunity for fixed resources, such as oilC6i7S vdeposits. Today, many industries-such as finance and services-are free to invest90 k@8C<\and can set up new firms anywhere.&//sIY~5(7) For example, in recent year Canadian policymakers have to consider angT/Jimportant issue that a group of skilled and talented people from technologyI:N, t*-industries in Canada have emigrate to its lower tax southern neighbor, the U.S.oLV~kj _y(8) For many years, young Irish people went to America and other foreign(countries, and tried to find a way to live a better life. But after Irelandkj?W@Rpreduced individual tax and then quickly cut corporate tax, the pattern of6WKWpWout migration was changed around completely in this country.H\Mbe9r(9) To keep the skilled labor from leaving their own country to other countries,C[2governments had to direct spending and tax levels to satisfy local residents. InDm Dvwhich country Individuals chose to reside according to their demand for publicu%P $mjgoods relative to local tax levels.!0|MB1O;m(10) If the U.S. makes progress in tax reform, other nations would probably reform6NC/yHQ*\+their taxes in the same way, as they did when the U.S. reduced rates in the:78>u,3&1980s.sKg9_W$Zf=4. ClozeC`e8>}=~J(1) and(2) understand(3) about(4) sides(5) what(6) bad(7) nor(8) properly(9)(-p&7o0M#-destroy(10) says(11) which(12) stronger(13) behind(14) up(15) While(16) unique(17)+js pRdark(18) benefits(19) from(20) rule5. Translationw@xcI'A. Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese.^sXh&w~由于殖民地与许多海外地区的大量贸易，所有欧洲重要商业国以及它们在西半球领地的金银铸D7F\">UJP币在北美东海岸都可以自由交换。

21世纪大学实用英语综合教程（第二册）课文翻译及课后习题答案Unit One误会佚名他头发蓬乱，衣着肮脏，口袋里只有35美分。

在马里兰州的巴尔的摩，他登上一辆公共汽车并径直走向了洗手间。

他想如果他躲在洗手间里，便可以不付钱就乘车去纽约。

但是坐在公共汽车后面的一位乘客看见了他。

她拍了拍她前面那位乘客的肩膀说：“洗手间里有个流浪汉。

告诉公共汽车司机。

”那位乘客轻轻地拍了一下坐在他前面的人，说道：“告诉公共汽车司机，洗手间里有个流浪汉。

这口信通过一个又一个的乘客传到了公共汽车的前边。

但在这一过程的某个环节，口信变了。

当它传到公共汽车司机那儿时，已经不是“洗手间里有个流浪汉”，而是“洗手间里有颗炸弹”。

司机马上在公路边停下车来并用无线电通知了警察。

当警察到达时，他们让乘客下车并且远离汽车。

然后他们关闭了那条公路。

那很快就造成了15英里长的交通堵塞。

警察在警犬的帮助下，在公共汽车上搜查了两个小时。

当然，他们没有发现什么炸弹。

两个发音相似的英语单词给一个想从洛杉矶飞往加利福尼亚州奥克兰的人也造成了麻烦。

他的问题始于洛杉矶机场。

他以为听到广播中宣布了他的航班，所以他走向登机门，出示了机票并登上了飞机。

起飞20分钟后，这人开始担心起来。

奥克兰在洛杉矶的北边，但是飞机似乎正在向西飞，而当他向窗外望去时，他所能看到的全是大海。

“这架飞机是去奥克兰吗?”他问航班服务员。

航班服务员倒抽了一口冷气，“不，”她说。

“我们去奥克兰——新西兰的奥克兰。

”因为有这么多英文单词发音相似，讲英语者之间的误会并不罕见。

并非所有的误会都会导致公路关闭或乘客飞错大陆。

大多数误会远没有这么严重。

每天讲英语的人会相互问这样的问题:“你是说七十还是十七?”“你是说你能来还是不能来?”发音相似的单词对把英语作为第二语言的人来说，特别容易让人混淆。

一天早晨，一位生活在美国的韩国妇女到上班地点时，她的老板问她：“你拿到盘子了吗?” “没有……”她回答说，心里却在纳闷，不知道他到底是什么意思。

Unit One误会佚名他头发蓬乱，衣着肮脏，口袋里只有35美分。

在马里兰州的巴尔的摩，他登上一辆公共汽车并径直走向了洗手间。

他想如果他躲在洗手间里，便可以不付钱就乘车去纽约。

但是坐在公共汽车后面的一位乘客看见了他。

她拍了拍她前面那位乘客的肩膀说：“洗手间里有个流浪汉。

告诉公共汽车司机。

”那位乘客轻轻地拍了一下坐在他前面的人，说道：“告诉公共汽车司机，洗手间里有个流浪汉。

这口信通过一个又一个的乘客传到了公共汽车的前边。

但在这一过程的某个环节，口信变了。

当它传到公共汽车司机那儿时，已经不是“洗手间里有个流浪汉”，而是“洗手间里有颗炸弹”。

司机马上在公路边停下车来并用无线电通知了警察。

当警察到达时，他们让乘客下车并且远离汽车。

然后他们关闭了那条公路。

那很快就造成了15英里长的交通堵塞。

警察在警犬的帮助下，在公共汽车上搜查了两个小时。

当然，他们没有发现什么炸弹。

两个发音相似的英语单词给一个想从洛杉矶飞往加利福尼亚州奥克兰的人也造成了麻烦。

他的问题始于洛杉矶机场。

他以为听到广播中宣布了他的航班，所以他走向登机门，出示了机票并登上了飞机。

起飞20分钟后，这人开始担心起来。

奥克兰在洛杉矶的北边，但是飞机似乎正在向西飞，而当他向窗外望去时，他所能看到的全是大海。

“这架飞机是去奥克兰吗?”他问航班服务员。

航班服务员倒抽了一口冷气，“不，”她说。

“我们去奥克兰——新西兰的奥克兰。

”因为有这么多英文单词发音相似，讲英语者之间的误会并不罕见。

并非所有的误会都会导致公路关闭或乘客飞错大陆。

大多数误会远没有这么严重。

每天讲英语的人会相互问这样的问题:“你是说七十还是十七?”“你是说你能来还是不能来?”发音相似的单词对把英语作为第二语言的人来说，特别容易让人混淆。

一天早晨，一位生活在美国的韩国妇女到上班地点时，她的老板问她：“你拿到盘子了吗?” “没有……”她回答说，心里却在纳闷，不知道他到底是什么意思。

她在办公室工作。

老板为什么问她盘子的事呢？一整天她都对老板的怪问题感到纳闷，但又不好意思开口问他。