Unit1 Free Falling
1. Only twenty-seven new members had been enrolled(注册) since the Leeds Congress, and the total membership still stood at less than one hundred. (B)
A. ceded
B. enrolled
C. faded
D. departed
2.You could go for advertising hype , the catchy floor displays or the flashy packaging. (C)
A. design
B. description
C. hype
D. propaganda
3. The desk was cluttered with files, but the chair behind it was vacant. (A)
A. cluttered
B. depicted
C. defined
D. represented
4. Brunch is a meal typically eaten late in the morning as a combination of a late breakfast and an early lunch. (B)
A. Dinner
B. Brunch
C. Banquet
D. Feast
5. The improvement of the highway will relieve pressure on the trains to some extent. (B)
A. ensure
B. relieve
C. protect
D. guarantee
6. John's hands were quivering as he put down his papers and started his speech at the first time. (A) A. quivering B. waving C. shaking D. lifting
7. His mood was an explosive mixture of maudlin self-pity and forced gaiety, the latter predominating as he got drunk. (A) A. maudlin B. nasty C. painful D. outright
8. Because of the economic slowdown, the government changed its policy to diminish revenue by limiting commerce. (C) A. disregard B. challenge C. diminish D. reject
9. In women's magazines and educational material the apple conjures good food and health.
(B) A. anticipates B. conjures C. designates D. presupposes
10. It is the opinion of a(n) sentimental tourist that no price would be too great to pay, the novelist declared. (D) A. affectionate B. sensitive C. appropriate D. sentimental
Unit 2 The New Economics of Oil
1.In the first year of peace,Lebanon’s GDP soared by almost 40%. C.increased
2.SAIC’s previous skirmishes with investigators had attracted little attention. D.arguments
3.The boy grabbed hold of my bag and disappeared quickly into the crowd.C.snatched
4.Although Chicago has fared better than some cities,unemployment remains a problem.
A.got on
5.The dwarfs were devastated,because they could not figure out how to save Snow White this time. D.decide
6.His distrust of the power of critics made him ready to gibe at David https://www.doczj.com/doc/2815370092.html,ugh
7.Children are most vulnerable to abuse within their own home.A.unprotected
8.Short of the President himself ,probably no one could have put the American case more persuasively.B.Other than
Unit 3 The New Frontier of Biomedicine
1. He mopped up (C.finished) the rest of his business and went on a vacation.
2. This issue seems set(B.certain,D.likely) to cause serious embarrassment to the government. （B or D）
3. When she heard the news ,she dropped the bowl on the floor and it broke into fragments( pieces).
4. By modifying(changing) slightly the construction of the simple A.C. generator described above,the machine will provide direct current rather than alternating current.
5. When you move abroad you face a raft(number) of financial decisions, including which type of bank account to open.
6. He managed to receive, through the medium of correspondence magazines, the equivalent(counterpart) of college education.
7. He is not an expert in these matters;it is not safe to go by(A.follow,C.judge by) what he say s. (A or C)
8. The observed relative abundances of various radioactive elements may give us some
clue(sign) as to the time of their origin.
Unit 4 Design plan for Freedom Tower
1. She tried everything in an attempt to(in order to) evoke (arouse) sympathy and pity from her parents.
2. The third quarter`s slender (meager) profit was still improvement on previous results.
3. It was a tribute (praise) to her teaching methods that so many children passed the test.
4. Our company has a commitment (C.promise,B.permission) to equal pay and opportunities.
(B or C)
5. Because they are so good, so smart, they stand out like beacons (elite) in a sea of mediocrity.
6. The depression that started in mid-1929 was a catastrophe of unprecedented (unparalleled) dimensions for the United States.
7. As the economy slows, the markets are likely to trim their estimates of sustainability (continuance) in the growth of both productivity and profits.
8.Fields adjacent to (contiguous to) the nuclear facility were found to have high levels of radioactivity.
9.Her skin spoke of(indicated) warm summer days spent in the sun.
10.The hope is that this area will develop into a vibrant (lively) commercial centre.
Unit 6 The Myth of the Paperless Office
1.Advocates of organic foods frequently proclaim(announce) that such products are safer and more nutritious than others.
2.If I may venture(express) an opinion, I’d say the plan needs closer examination.
3.These photographs capture(describe) the essence of working-class life at the turn of the century.
4.These was a preponderance(dominance) of female teachers in the English department.
5.Clarence had only few fuzzy(obscure) memories of his grandparents.
6.What he has achieved is an extraordinary feat that would be impossible to duplicate(equal).
7. He’s stopped taking drugs now, but he may revert(restore) to taking them again.
8.As often as not(Quite often),people tend to scream under such circumstance.
9. What is even more important is the fact that the astronauts’photographs have uncovered(revealed) many things not evident at close range.
10.The disposition(arrangement) of the troops on the battlefield is of paramount importance.
Unit 7 Competition Is Destructive
1.she has been eliminated(got rid of) from the swimming race because she did not win any of the practice races.
2.One of the major flaws in the existing system is that the prosecutor has immunity from law suits claiming malicious(spiteful) prosecution.
3.They define(characterize) a good patient as one who accepts their statements and their actions.
4. Roberts’poor physical condition combined with nagging(troubling) injures prevented him from playing more than 51 games in the past four seasons.
5. Constant correction by a teacher is often counterproductive(unfavorable),as the student may become afraid to speak at all.
6. For centuries we woman have gloated over(felt maliciously satisfied with) the one negative aspect of aging more evident in men than women: balding.
7. In the conducive(favorable) atmosphere around the fort, General Bradley immediately found out the plot.
8. It’s a story of harmful dynamic(competing or conflicting system) between white prejudice and black autonomy.
9. Gandhi rejects outright(direct) claims made concerning the superior or inferior status of religions.
10. My first boss was a really nasty(ugly) person, who seemed to enjoy making life difficult for everyone.
Unit 8 Power to the People
1.at the press conference, they were scrambling(struggling) to give the impression that the situation.
2. Written off again and again, he has proved phenomenal(extraordinary) in resilience and political craftiness.
3. This news has sent a wave of panic through the world which to seems way(far) out of proportion.
4. Downtown business owners say they want the city’s homeless shelter moved to a less conspicuous(noticeable) location.
5. Over the past year, Linux has made significant inroads(made advances) into embedded designs requiring rich, high performance networking.
6. The important thing is to harness(control) growth to self-knowledge, a ready acceptance of change, swift-moving business practice and sound judgment.
7. We are the ones willing and able to run an obstacle course filled with hurdles(barriers) that we must complete before anyone else.
8. I haven’t been able to orient(adjust) my ideas to the new conditions since I worked abroad three months.
9. The company office was inundated(flooded) with telegrams of congratulations on the tenth anniversary of its foundation.
10. He had drawn a contradictory conclusion in his thesis because he pinned(placed) his faith on an absurdity.
Unit 9 It’s Not Just Cricket
1.GOES-9 will back up(support) Japan’s Geostationary Meteorological Satellite-5
(GMS-5),which is operated by the Japan Meteorological Agency.
2.To understand how desperate the PC industry is to whip up(excite) buzz-and therefore sales-for its products,one need look no further than the marketing bonanza put on by Intel today in New York.
3.In this website we call on consumers who oppose any or all of Bush’s activities to boycott (refuse)the brands of these companies until they undertake to cease all political funding of the current administration.
4.It is the custom to salute(honour) the Queen’s birthday with twenty-one guns.
5.People in Massachusetts are outraged (offended) by DSS agents who take children and intrude into their lives with no due process and no accountability.
6.A good politician always knows when to play down (restrain) the tune in order to win more backup.
7.The military government declared its intention of cracking down on(punishing severely)all political activity.
8.She has been staying up at night busting a gut(trying hard) over the work she has to do.
9.To possess by self-mastery the sources of love and hate is to transcend(go beyond)good and evil.
10.We liken the archaeologist to(compare…with) a detective searching for ancient clues.
Unit 11 London Bridge Is Falling Down
1.Instead, he concentrates on how he helped raise Clinton from the dead after the debacle (catastrophe)of the 1994 congressional elections.
2.She is running-running away from a shaking house and a row of wobbling (swaying ) green trees.
3.A total of 252 imported pests have been spotted, of which 174 could wreak (inflict) havoc on forests.
4.But no evidence suggests that she courted (provoked ) danger for her children as she encouraged their freedom.
5.The report explains the gruesome (shocking) results the weapons will have on human beings.
6.Residents are bracing themselves for further carnage(damage) caused by the typhoon.
7.The biggest threats to children's health lurk (hide) in the very places that should be the safest-at home, in school and the community.
8.Vigilance (caution) against collateral environmental damage is crucial to sustainable growth nowadays.
9.Racism has many forms. It does not solely manifest (show) itself against one particular race.
10.The child has a very responsive (sensitive) nature and will soon become fond of you.
Unit 13 Giving Credit Where Debt Is Due
1.For these the primary schools provided a gentle haven(sanctuary) before they transferred to the local secondary modern school.
2.It also makes specialty parts and accessories, which can be used to spruce up(smarten up) the performance and appearance of existing automobiles.
3.I knew that faking the tears would make her get a sense of gratification(satisfaction) and end the punishment, but I refused.
4.The stigma(disgrace) may not result from associating her language with ignorance, but the unkindness is just as real.
5.Her eyebrow had received the blow from the torch and had begun to throb; she could feel a trickle (movement) of blood.
6.You should not tell your client to expect that they will automatically experience an aversion(antipathy) response to the imagery of drinking.
7.Some economists are now predicting the danger of runaway(uncontrolled) inflation and they see it as a force that human can no longer control.
8.Anyone who studied at the college joined an elite(excellent) band of well-connected lawyers, doctors and businessmen.
9.Liz had a more robust(potent) notion of the self, and took another line on the individual’s place in the structure.
10.His friendship with Fujimori gives him unusual access to a president with a tiny circle of advisers and a penchant(preference) for secrecy.
1.haven/sanctuary
2.spruce up/smarten up
3.gratification/satisfaction
4.stigma/disgrace
5.trickle/movement
6.aversion/antipathy
7.runaway/uncontrolled 8.elite/excellent
9.robust/potent
10.penchant/preference
Passage One
Today, world leaders are discussing climate change and what--if anything --can be done to combat global warming. Extreme weather conditions have brought home the fact our climate is changing -- and changing fast. It may be easy to be fatalistic about it, but the truth is that although we humans have caused the problem, we also have the solution."Think global and act local," said Friends of the Earth founder David Bower. In many small but important ways we can make a difference. Here are my top tips for how to begin:
Count your food miles. What you eat and where you buy it affects global emissions. Pollution from transport is the fastest growing source of carbon dioxide emissions, so it is madness to fly out-of-season vegetables across the world to supermarkets. We should lobby supermarkets for a system of classifying food according to the distance travelled: 0 for local food, I for British, 2 for Europe, and 3 for intercontinental.
Turn off anything that winks at you. A video recorder on standby uses almost as much electricity as one playing a tape. Turning down the thermostat by one degree, not leaving TV and music centers on standby, turning off lights, putting lids on cooking pots, and only half-filling kettles can cut energy consumption by 30%, saving you money as well as saving the planet.
Just stop using petrol. Yes you can, and the car industry may (eventually) help you. Hydrogen-powered cars are loved by car designers and could become a reality in about 10 years. Meanwhile, consider converting to liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). You won't be alone: a new pump for this is opening every day. Meanwhile, you can cut down on conventional petrol use just by changing driving habits--no rapid acceleration, lower speeds, keeping tires at the right pressure.
Well, you can always walk. Or cycle. The majority of car journeys are less than five miles and, honestly, once you've stepped out, you'll find it's really not that bad. The only energy used is your own and that's healthy. You only have to look at the collective strength of the people's fuel lobby to know this makes sense.
These changes will save you money which you should invest in an ethical saving account. They are profitable and they put the pressure on business to clean up its act.
51.In the first paragraph, the author tries to emphasize B .
A. his concern over climate change
B. his optimism in finding a way out
C. the necessity of global actions
D. the difficulty in reaching an agreement
52.Which conclusion can be drawn from paragraph 2? D
A. Centralized distribution of food is highly efficient and cost-effective.
B. Organic food from abroad is better than food produced locally.
C. Supermarkets do a great job of offering a wide selection of goods.
D. It's better for us consumers to shop in local farmers' markets'
53.In Paragraph 3 the author tries to convey the message that A .
A. small changes in small habits can make big differences
B. it is not easy for us to reduce energy consumption at home
C. the present way of using energy leaves much to be desired
D. we individuals may not help much in fighting global warming
54.At present, to replace petrol-driven cars, people may choose cars driven by B .
A. electricity
B. LPG
C.hydrogen
D.biofuel
55.For most of the car journeys, walking or cycling C .
A.is a waste of time
B.is undesirable
C.is a feasible option
D.is what people prefer
56.The passage is focused on D .
A.the impact of climate change on people's lives
B.the importance of individuals improving the environment
C.the benefits of cutting consumption
D.the small ways that can help fight global warming
Passage Two
When you think of monkeys, you probably think of the Tropics. Few species of monkeys venture into temperate lands. Nevertheless, there are one or two notable exceptions.
In the high Atlas Mountains of North Africa, where snowfall is common during the winter, small groups of Barbary apes roam through forests of cedar and oak. One isolated group of these monkeys can be found 200 miles to the north, living on the Rock of Gibraltar, at the southern most tip of Europe.
How do naturalists explain this mystery? Some believe that the monkeys colonized other areas of Europe in the distant past and that those of Gibraltar are the only surviving group. Others think that Arabic or British colonizers brought them to the Rock. Legend has it that the monkeys crossed the narrow straits dividing Europe from Africa by means of a long-lost underground tunnel. Whatever their origin, they are now the only free range monkeys found in Europe.
The Barbary apes are not actually apes. They are tailless monkeys. The Barbary apes inhabit the pine woods that cover the upper part of the Rock. Although they number only a hundred or so, they have become "the peninsula's most famous residents," according to the International Primate Protection League.
Since seven million tourists visit Gibraltar every year, the mischievous monkeys have an ample food supply. Although the feed on wild plants, they have become skilled at begging and occasionally stealing food from visitors. Local authorities also provide the monkeys with fruit and vegetables.
Since seven million tourists visit Gibraltar every year, the mischievous monkeys have an ample food supply. Although they feed on wild plants, they have become skilled at begging and occasionally stealing food from visitors. Local authorities also provide the monkeys with fruit and vegetables.
Apart from feeding, the monkeys spend 20 percent of their day grooming each other. Both male and female monkeys care for and play with the young ones. they live in close knit groups, where stress sometimes leads to confrontation. While the older monkeys use threats and screams to chase away the younger ones, they also have an unusual tooth-chattering behavior that seems to calm them down.
Their arrival on Gibraltar may remain a mystery;still, these sociable monkeys add a special charm to the limestone headland that guards the entrance to the Mediterranean Sea. Gibraltar would not be the same without them.
63.The monkeys on the Rock of Gibraltar are special because D .
A.they live in tropic areas
B.they came from North Africa
C.they live in forests
D.they inhabit temperate lands
64.Which of the following is NOT the possible origin of the Gibraltar monkeys? C
A. They may have been brought to Gibraltar by colonizers.
B. They may be the surviving group of European monkeys.
C. They may have swum across the narrow straits from Africa.
D. They may have come from Africa through the long-lost tunnel.
65.The population of "the peninsula's most famous residents" A .
A.is about five scores
B.outnumbers the local people
C.is threatened by too many visitors
D.is growing rapidly
66.We can learn from the 5th paragraph that Gibraltar monkeys C .
A.often threaten local tourists
B.mainly feed on food from visitors
C.are very naughty
D.are raised by the local authorities
67.The word "grooming" in the 6th paragraph is closest in meaning to " D ".
A.isolating
B.biting
C.fighting
D.cleaning
68.According to the passage, B .
A.Gibraltar would be better without the monkeys
B.the monkeys have added beauty to the Rock of Gibraltar
C.the older Gibraltar monkeys are very fierce to the younger ones
D.Gibraltar monkeys and those in the high Atlas Mountains are of different species
Passage Three
Which would you give up: TV, Cell, or Web? From November 6 to December 3, a1-question online poll was placed on high-traffic websites in 15 countries (Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Italy, Netherlands, Philippines, Russia, Singapore, Spain, United Kingdom, United States). A total of 150 respondents in each country participated in the poll. In this global survey, 11of 15 countries say they'd turn off the TV before they'd silence their cell phone or log off the Internet. Women, especially, will give up their favorite shows, voting to do so by a greater percentage than men in all but four countries. "I work 50-plus hours a week, and more importantly, the programs I watch on TV are free on the web." Paula Kress of Georgia explains why she'd give up on TV.
Younger respondents are more likely to take a pass on television, but older folks don't necessarily stay away from the online experience. In Singapore, not a single person over 45 voted to stop surfing. "I'm not much for sitting in front of the screens, but I need the Internet to keep in touch with friends and family." Hanna Larna explains why she'd keep the web and ditch TV.
In the United States, people voted to give up TV, yet Americans sit in front of the flat screen for an average of four hours, 37 minutes a day. But if the decision had been made by respondents over 45, the cell phone would have gotten the boot instead.
In Canada people voted to give up the cell. The cost effect analysis shows that people there pay some of the highest rates for their cell phone plans, which may be why they have the lowest number of cell users among the western countries polled. "I don't want to be reachable at every moment." is another logical explanation.
Why was Brazil the only country to pick the Internet (and by such a huge margin)? Brazil has some of the lowest rates of Internet use worldwide, with just 35 users per 100 people. (The U.S. And U.K. Both have 72.) Brazil's cost to hook up is also high, about $26 a month, compared with $7.4 in Germany.
69.What is the most important reason for P[aula Kress to give up TV? D
A. She doesn't have time to watch TV.
B. She doesn't like sitting in front of screens.
C. She finds online programs more interesting.
D. She can watch TV programs on the web.
70.Survey results in Singapore show that B .
A.women watch TV programs for a longer period of time than men
B.older people enjoy the Internet just like younger ones
C.younger people use cell phones more than older people
D.men depend as much on cell phones as women do
71.Which of the following phrases is closest in meaning to "get the boot" (Para.3)? A
A.be dismissed
B.catch on
C.be favored
D.become dominant
72.It is implied that among the Americans polled, there were more C .
A.men
B.women
C.younger people
D.older people
73.How many countries picked the cell phone in the survey? C
A. 2.
B. 4.
C. 3.
D.5.
74.In the last paragraph, the author mainly D .
A.describes the findings in the Brazil and the western world
B.discusses the gap between Brazil and the western world
C. Analyzes the development of the Internet in Brazil
D.presents the reasons behind the Brazilian decision
Passage Four
Some years age, thumping, jumping noises routinely issued from the apartment upstairs as if baby elephants were competing in the 50-yard dash. I went up one day to politely inquire. "No, nobody's making noise here" the husband and wife both insisted. It must be coming from elsewhere in the building." two children about five years old, each holding soccer balls, stood right beside their parents. "Could the thumping be your kids running around, perhaps playing soccer?", I asked. "Oh no, we never let the kids play in the house."
For months, the pattern continued: the thumping and jumping above, our delicate check-in, the denial. It got so that every time I saw the couple, I glared without a word of greeting. When they moved out of the building, the thumping stopped.
I suppose I could have forgiven my neighbors and spared them the glare. After all, forgiveness is in, a trend advocated by best-selling books, foundations and research institutes. The notion has gone well beyond spiritual leaders advising that forgiveness is good for the soul and that hard feelings will turn us bitter and hostile. Now the medical communality cites studies showing that forgiveness can prevent heart attacks, lower blood pressure and even ease depression.
I may be outnumbered, but I still believe in the healing power of the grudge (不满). I've deployed grudges with an equal-opportunity sense of fairness--against teachers and classmates, bosses and colleagues, family and friends. I've chosen to stop speaking to certain people permanently and occasionally even spoken ill of them--but more with disbelief than a sense of revenge. I'm neither proud nor ashamed. But I've discovered that nothing feels quite as satisfying as a grudge well nursed.
I'm not against forgiveness itself, I have forgiven people for rudeness as well as for deep misunderstandings and have done so without holding on to hard feelings. What I deplore is the propaganda about forgiveness. No longer an option, forgiveness is an official order. Forgiving so democratically cheapens the very act.
A long standing grudge suggests that we hold certain standards, that we respect ourselves enough to reject bad behavior. Failure to forgive can be just as righteous, just as honorable as forgiveness itself.
75.The author would probably describe the neighbors as C .
A.careless
B.ignorant
C.dishonest
D.immodest
76.Paragraph 3 is focused on A .
A.how forgiveness is good for us spiritually and physically
B.how forgiveness has become a fashionable concept
C.what has changed people's understanding of forgiveness
D.what is the true meaning and virtue of forgiveness
77.By "I may be outnumbered" (Para. 4), the author means that most people in her situation
would probably D .
A.tell people how bad the neighbors are
B.refuse to speak to the neighbors
C.ask the neighbors for an explanation
D.try to practice forgiveness to the neighbors
78.The author seems A what she always does with grudges.
A.satisfied with
B.proud of
C.ashamed of
D.disappointed with
79.It can be learned that the author B .
A.has great difficulty forgiving people
B.opposes "forgiveness without principle"
C.wants to learn how to forgive people
D.regrets failing to practice forgiveness
80.The best title for the passage is B .
A. To Forgive is God
B. The Right Not to Forgive
C. Forgiveness in, Grudge our
D. The Power of Forgiveness
Passage Five
Once upon a time, staying a healthy weight was easy. To lose weight you simply had to practise the reverse of home economics--spend more than you earned. Unfortunately for many, but perhaps not surprisingly, it turns out that people are rather more complicated than bank accounts.
To stay a healthy weight, you need a hormone called leptin to work properly, it sends “I'm full”messages from the fat cells up to the brain, where they go, among other places, to the same pleasure centers that respond to drugs like cocaine. Obese people produce plenty of leptin, but the brain doesn't seem to respond to it properly. Last year, researchers at the Oregon Research Institute scanned the brains of overweight people and found their reward circuits were underactive. They were eating more to try to get the enjoyment they were missing.
There's a lot of evidence for the fact that most, if not all, of us have a set point around which our weight can vary by about seven to nine kilos, but anything beyond that is a real struggle. Making change is hard, particularly if your body is working against you. So why not ditch the traditional approaches and try some new methods, based on the latest research, that work with your body rather than against it.
Several years ago researchers at the National Institute on Aging in Baltimore reported that when they gave rats very little food one day and allowed them to eat plenty the next, they showed virtually all the benefits of a permanent calorie restriction diet. The same goes for humans, according to Dr James Johnson.
How does it work? Besides forcing the body t burn fat, it may also trigger hormonal changes. Most people say that the diet takes a bit of getting used to, but is not as grinding as trying to cut back on an everyday basis.
Older dieters may remember something called brown fat. Unlike the undesirable white stuff, this was a dieter's dream. Instead of storing excess energy as fat, brown-fat tissue burned it off to keep you warm -- at least in mice. Brown fat fell out of favor because researchers couldn't find much in humans but now, thanks to the new England Journal of Medicine, it's back in fashion. The idea is to expose people to cold temperatures. They then make more brown fat and their weight drops.
51. The last sentence in the first paragraph means that people's understanding of losing weight
B .
A.seems rather unreasonable
https://www.doczj.com/doc/2815370092.html,ed to be limited
C.can be partly justified
D. is unnecessarily complicated
52.According to the findings of the Oregon Research Institute, D .
A.people are more likely to be overweight if they produce less leptin
B.overweight people enjoy eating more than the others do
C.people will become overweight if they eat more than they need.
D.overweight people get less pleasure from eating the same amount
53.The method used by the National Institute on Aging can be summarized as “ A ”.
A.diet every other day
B.diet on a daily basis
C. no diet at all
D. diet permanently
54.The word “grinding”Paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to C .
A.effective
B.realistic
C.miserable
D.unreliable
55.It can be learned that brown fat C .
A. converts excess energy into fat
B.accumulates easily in human bodies
C.burns extra energy to produce heat
D.works better in warm temperatures
56.The author's purpose in writing is to C .
A.clarify the common myth about weight loss
B.point out the misconceptions of losing weight
C.recommend new methods of losing weight
https://www.doczj.com/doc/2815370092.html,pare the various ways of cutting calories
Passage Six
A study by Dr David Lewis from The University of Sussex, who coined the term "road rage", found that motorists face a hidden mental health impact from the stresses of driving, while bus travel can produce long-term health benefits.
For the experiment, the heart rate and EDR (Electro-Dermal Response) of 30 commuters was measured when taking similar journeys by car and bus. The findings reveal a vast difference in EDR, a form of biophysical measurement that indicates mental stress. The EDR results suggested that taking the car produced significantly more stress than taking the bus, which was 33% less stressful.
"EDR can bi a hidden stress - it's not as visible as intensely nervous driving or audible as road rage. This type of stress can have long-term physiological and emotional implications," said Dr Lewis, who finds three key factors that increase the stresses of driving a car.
Driving in heavy traffic - especially against a deadline - requires a high level of attention. This requires the brain to work especially hard processing a myriad of incoming information and making, often split-second, decisions.
Congestion and delays can raise blood pressure and physical tension which may manifest itself as 'road rage', having serious long-term health consequences and causing drivers sometimes to take reckless and foolish decisions. Driving in congested traffic now outweighs any previous benefits car-driving once gave.
A sense of frustration of 'wasting one's life' behind the wheel of the car, unable to do anything more productive than casual conversations or listening to the radio. On a bus it is possible to fill the time more profitably by doing some work or reading.
He also notes that highly trained, professional bus drivers are skilled in negotiating the challenges of the road, and the relief of trusting someone else to be in charge of the journey is a key part of what makes taking the bus less stressful.
He encourages people to get out of their cars and on to the bus for trips where it makes sense - such as shopping in town or heading to a restaurant - so that you don't need to battle traffic or find parking. Switching simple journeys can help achieve the goal of taking a billion car journeys off the road. All it will take is everyone shifting around a trip a month.
69.The finding of the study mentioned in this passage is that C .
A.cars cause more traffic accidents than buses
B.high blood pressure is harmful to human health
C.driving a car is more stressful than taking a bus
D.car driving is accompanied by many distractions
70.The term "road rage" probably refers to D .
A.the panic caused by traffic congestions
B.the sudden heart attack that drivers suffer from
C.traffic accidents arising from bad-tempered drivers
D,the explosive outbursts of anger shown by motorists
71.All of the following are considered a source of stress during car driving EXCEPT C .
A. traffic jams
B. a sense of waste of time
C. Unfamiliar roads
D. Heavy traffic
72.One of the advantages of a bus ride is that A .
A.you can do something productive on the road
B.there is no fear of taking the wrong road
C.you can get to your destination quickly
D.no passenger suffers from high blood pressure
73.This passage is intended to D .
A. highlight the causes of stress in a city
B. urge the public to stop using cars altogether
C. tell people how to ward off stress while driving a car
D. advise people to take a bus instead of a car when possible
74.Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage? B
A. Car driving: a demanding but exciting job
B. Bus travel:one third less stressful than the ear
C. Road rage: a frequent occurrence on the way
D. Traffic jams: a source of disease and conflicts
Passage Seven
The term "g" (general intelligence) represents a measure of overall cognitive ability across a variety of tests. It's not the same as IQ but it does tend to correlate. Everyone agrees that "g" tends to run in families. But is this down to genetics or to environmental influences?
However, no single gene has ye been conclusively linked to intelligence. Rather it appears to be a case of complex interactions on many levels between many different genes.
Identical twins hae exactly the same genes, while non-identical twins share about half their genes. Another feature of twins that makes them an ideal choice for studies is that they tend to be raised in pretty much the same environment. If a particular feature is the same in identical twins, but not in non-identical twins, then chances are it's mainly genes that are controlling that feature.
So what do the twin studies show? Well, first degree relatives tend to have "g" correlation of about 0.4 - 0.5. (perfect correlation is 1; correlation of 0 means that the 2 things in question are totally unrelated). Identical twins have a correlation of 0.85, while for non-identical twins it's about 0.6 which suggests that genes play a very important role, but are not the only factor, since if they were, the correlation between identical twins would be 1.
Identical twins reared apart are almost as similar in "g" scores as those reared together. Adopted children and their adoptive parents have a "g" correlation of zero, while adopted children and their biological parents tend to have the same correlations as any parent-child pair. So although genes don't seem to be the only thing affecting intelligence, their effects seem to be constant and apparently not overridden by environment.
Does heritability of intelligence alter over a lifetime? Remarkably, it appears so. "g" heritability climbs gradually from 20% in babies to 40% in children, peaking at 60% in adults. Why this should be is still a matter of speculation. It's been suggested that as our cognitive abilities become more complex, new genes may come into play that were not needed when brain functions were less sophisticated. Or individuals may be drawn towards environments that fit with their genetic makeup, as time goes by and genetic effects that started out small in childhood build up together during adulthood.
75.all of the following statements about "g" are true EXCEPT C .
A."g" correlates with IQ
B."g" is to some extent inherited
C."g" can be attributed to a single gene
D."g" is a measure of cognitive ability
76.Identical twins are chosen as the subjects of the study because D .
A. they have the same heritability of intelligence
B. they have some genes linked to general intelligence
C. they are alike in everything except for intelligence
D. they have the same genes and live in the same environment
77.The studies on twins' general intelligence show that B .
A. identical twins are more intelligent
B. genes play an important role in "g"
C. the correlation between identical twins is1
D. nothing but genes can determine "g"
78.It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that A .
A. parenting has less effect on one's "g" than genes
B. "g" changes with the living environment
C. an adopted child can become as clever as the step-parents
D. environment plays a more important role in "g" than genes
79.It can be concluded from the passage that D .
A. it is easy to identify what determines our intelligence
B. identical twins have exactly the same IQ
C. IQ depends more on environment than on genes
D. genes are a more important determinant of "g" than environment
80.It seems that heritability of intelligence C .
A. remains unchanged all our life
B. declines as we grow up
C. increases with our age
D. has been clearly explained
Passage Eight
At the beginning of a country's rise out of backwardness and poverty, more wealth does make a difference. However, citing surveys from China and South Kores, the economist Richard Easterlin points out: "In these countries, per capita income has doubled in 20 years but overall happiness does not seem to have followed the same path." Economists are surprised, because GNP has long been thought the best indicator of human welfare. More GNP generally means more money for most people, and more money improves the quality of life, and that means happiness.
But, perhaps, the survey suggests that more money can make you happy only if those around you do not share in your good fortune. General prosperity may fail to enhance individual contentment. Perhaps it is a matter of being aware of your advantage, not that you need to get the highest salaries or be the object of envy. Maybe, individual goals vary too much to be generalized. Maybe one has nothing at all to do with the other. Freud was well aware that economic success did not make people happy. Most psychoanalysts and therapists today would agree. He thought only the realization of a deep childhood desire could provide such satisfaction.
Another problem is that people are poor reporters of their own states of mind. They will usually tell you what they themselves want to believe. To know if someone is really happy or not, you have to catch him or her in the act of happiness. Being happy or acting happy are more reliable indicators than thinking too much about it.
Professional therapists also know that what makes people happy defies explanation, but what prevents them from being happy doesn't. Poor self-esteem undermines all feelings of success. Hunger and cold make it harder to relax and enjoy one's
experience. Insecurity and failure to engage one's work leave one dissatisfied. Anxiety penetrates all our perceptions and feelings, and brings us down.
Economists can probably hope to measure how well our basic needs for security and health are met in society, and if those are reasonably OK, people tend to find the happiness they seek. Most of us want to enjoy life, spend time with our children, play at sports, sing ,dance and travel. If we can do those things without dread, the amount of money we have is irrelevant.
57.It seems to Richard Easterlin that higher GNP C .
A.will certainly make people happier
B.depends on the overall level of happiness
C.does not necessarily add to people's happiness
D.is a good indicator of human happiness
58.According to the second paragraph, individual happiness arises from D .
A.setting a high goal
B.the respect from your neighbors
https://www.doczj.com/doc/2815370092.html,mon prosperity
D.your superiority over others
59.Freud's doctrine is mentioned to show that D .
A.goals vary from person to person
B.a happy childhood means life-long happiness
C.psychoanalysts and therapists think alike
D.wealth does not always make one happy
60.It can be inferred from the passage that C .
A. our feelings of happiness tend to the same
B. there are few people who are really happy
C. people sometimes don't know exactly how they feel
D. thinking about happiness can make you feel happy
61.Professional therapists believe that B .
A.it is easy to explain what makes people happy
B.it is easy to tell what leaves people unhappy
C.it is difficult to tell who is happy
D.it is hard to distinguish happiness from unhappiness
62.The author's conclusion is that A .
A.happiness is sometimes independent of wealth
B.money can add to individual happiness
C.it is possible to determine if money means happiness
D.happiness has nothing to do with wealth of any sort
Keys to Passage One to Four
51.B 52. D 53. A 54. B 55. C 56. D 63. D 64. C 65. A 66. C 67. D 68. B 69. D
70. B 71. A 72. C 73. C 74. D 75. C 76. A 77. D 78. A 79. B 80. B
Keys to Passage Five to Seven
51. B 52. D 53. A 54. C 55. C 56. C 69. C 70. D
71. C 72. A 73. D 74. B 75. C 76. D 77 B 78. A 79. D 80. C
Keys to Passage Eight
57. C 58. D 59. D 60. C 61. B 62. A
Unit One Task 1 1.A 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.D 6.D 7.D 8.C 9.A 10.D 11.A 12.B Task 2 1.public(c) 2.discipline(b) 3.strength(a) 4.reference(a) 5.strength(d) 6.public(a) 7.demonstrated(b) 8.discipline(c) 9.references(c) 10.personality(a) 11.discipllining(d) 12.demonstrates(a) 13.public(d) 14.reference(b) 15.personality(c) Task 3 1.employment 2.paid 3.adjust 4.setting 5.discouraged 6.credit 7.cite 8.demonstrate 9.teamwork 10.rules Unit Two Task 1 1.A 2.B 3.B 4.C 5.B 6.A 7.B 8.C 9.A 10.C Task 2 1. bud (n.); budding (adj.) 2. access (n.); access (v.) 3. taste (n.);tasted (v.) 4. fool (n.); fooling (v.) 5. produces (v.); produce (n.) 6. garnish (v.); garnishes (n.) 7. reigns (v.); reign (n.) 8. concern (n.); concerned (v.) 9. named (v.); name (n.) 10. practiced (v.); practice (n.) Task 3 1) integration 2) choice 3) handed 4) aspiring 5) steaming 6) masterpieces 7) pleasure 8) partake 9) amazing 10) presented Unit Three Task 1 1.A 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.A 6.B 7.C 8.A Task 2 1. stack up against 2. struck a chord 3. amounted to 4. chopping off 5. appeal to 6. pick up on 7. turned out 8. fade away 9. brought together 10. pulled off 11. thrust upon 12. be kept clear of Task 3 1) swirling 2) delivered 3) glowed 4) intervals 5) converge 6) wanderings 7) navigate 8) jealousy 9) presence 10) absorbed Unit Four Task 1 1.A 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. B 6. C 7. D 8. C 9. A 10. C Task 2 1. maintained (a) 2. romantic (a)
Unit Two Optimism and Positive Thinking Enhance Your Language Awareness Words in Action ■ Working with Words and Expressions 1. In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with them. Change the form where necessary. ■ Answers: positive startled perspective harden shape address crises curse incredible 10) conversely 11) issue 12) response 13) prior 14) rare 15) accomplish 2. In the box below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you understand their meanings? Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary. ■ Answers: get the hang of have lived through makes a difference have no idea concerned with slipped over ran into in reverse mull over ■ I ncreasing Your Word Power 1. D ecide whether “do ”, “make ”or “take ”is needed to complete each of the following sentences. Change the verb form where necessary. ■ A nswers: does make take do make Take done taken making ))))))))) ))))))))) ))))))))) 10) took
懦夫总有疯狂的一天。 Unit One Changes in the Way We Live Text A Content Questions ( P10 ) Write and live on a farm. Because they grow nearly all of their fruits and vegetables. They have enough eggs, honey and wood. They are very close to nature and can enjoy the beautiful scenery. Besides, they can go skiing and skating in winter. No. Sometimes the good life can get pretty tough. They were buried under five feet of snow from December through March. When the first spring came, it brought two floods. The second flood refers to the good harvest in the growing season. He decided to quit his job and start to freelance. He has to crawl into black bear dens for “Sports Illustrated”, hitch up dogsled racing teams for “Smithsonian”magazine, check out the Lake Champlain “monster”for “Science Digest”, and canoe through the Boundary Waters Wilderness area of Minnesota for “Destinations”. As for insurance, they have only bought a poor man’s major-medical policy and the policy on their two cars. They cut back their expenses without appreciably lowering their standard of living. For example, they patronize local restaurants instead of more expensive
大学英语综合教程3第三版答案
大学英语综合教程3第三版答案 【篇一：新标准大学英语综合教程3答案(全版)】 >unit1 active reading(1) 4. b c c d c a 5.productive attendance resistance ambitious acceptance script impressive 6.attendance ambitious productive impressive resistance script acceptance 7.mortgage deck surf coastal;defy lengthy 8.b a b b b a b b active reading(2) 4.triple cemetery rear biography cram budding finite elapse 5.elapsed;cemetery rear;crammed triple budding;biography finite 6.a b a a b b a a 7.a b b a a b b b a language in use 6.(1)我们都觉得在校时间不多了，以后再也不会有这样的学习机会了，所以都下定决心不再虚度光阴。当然，下一年四五月份的期末考试最为重要。我们谁都不想考全班倒数第一，那也太丢人了，因此同学们之间的竞争压力特别大。以前每天下午5点以后，图书馆就空无
一人了，现在却要等到天快亮时才会有空座，小伙子们熬夜熬出了眼袋，他们脸色苍白，睡眼惺忪，却很自豪，好像这些都是表彰他们勤奋好学的奖章。 （2）明天行吗？明天只是个谎言；根本就没有什么明天，只有一张我们常常无法兑现的期票。明天甚至压根儿就不存在。你早上醒来时又是另一个今天了，同样的规则又可以全部套用。明天只是现在的另一种说法，是一块空地，除非我们开始在那里播种，否则它永远都是空地。你的时间会流逝（时间就在我们说话的当下滴答滴答地走着，每分钟顺时针走60秒，如果你不能很好地利用它，它就会走得更快些），而你没有取得任何成就来证明它的存在，唯独留下遗憾，留下一面后视镜，上面写满了“本可以做”“本应该做”“本来会做”的事情。 7.(1)students differ about whether they should have their future mapped out when they are still at university .some think they should have a definite goal and detailed plan, so as to brace themselves for any challenges, whereas some others think they don’t have to think much about the future , because future is full of uncertainties. （2）after a very careful check-up ,the scientist was told he had got a fatal disease .although he knew that his life was ticking away ,instead of complaining about the fate ,the scientist decided to make the best of the remaining days ,and speed up the research project he and his colleagues initiated ,and have a shot at completing it ahead of schedule. unit2 active reading 5.definite perpetual whirl blaze giggle prompt tumble 6.prompted definite whirl perpetual blazing giggling tumbled 7.blinked barren tag torture resemblance napkin
The Answers to Unit 1 Enhance Your Language Awareness (I) Working with Words and Expressions 2. (1) obtain (2) confident (3) communicate (4) advantage (5) relevant (6) helpful (7) extreme (8) enjoyable (9) means (10) process (11) particularly (12) characters (13) astonished (14) apparently 3. (1) fond of (2) is...related to (3) according to (4) To a certain degree (5) vice versa (6) no doubt (7) rid... of (8) cleared up (9) or else (10) at all costs (11) sure enough (12) let alone (13) similar to (14) It's no use (15) in my opinion (16) was worth (II) Increasing Your Word Power 1. (1) c (2) d (3) b (4) b (5) b (6) d 2. (1) highly/very (2) quite/very (3) quite/very/increasingly (4) quite/simply/very 3. Adverbs Adjectives efficiently efficient particularly particular fluently fluent quickly quick cheaply cheap continually continual probably probable adventurously adventurous finally final steadily steady slowly slow solemnly solemn really real apparently apparent tentatively tentative exactly exact 4. No Mistake especial→ especially necessarily → necessary frequent → frequently No Mistake easily → easy No Mistake individually → individual much → many high → highly apparently → apparent remarkably → remarkable probable → probably No Mistake (III) Grammar Task 1: (1) would/should (2) should/would (3) might (4) would (5) must (6) can't (7) should would (8) must Task 2: (1) We passed the afternoon very pleasantly, roller-skating in the sun and talking about our childhood under a tree. / The afternoon passed very pleasantly, while we roller-skated in the sun and talked about our childhood under a tree. (2) On entering the lecture hall, I was surprised at the size of the crowd. / When I entered the lecture hall, I was surprised at the size of the crowd. (3) When I was only a small boy, my father took me to Beijing and we had a lot of fun together. (4) To write well, a person must read good books. (IV) Cloze
Unit1 Working with words and expressions 1. 2. cloze Translation
Answers to Unit 2 Book 4 Unit Two Man and Technology Words in Action Working with Words and Expressions 1. 1) monitor 2) phenomenon 3) isolation 4) gradual 5) opponent 6) advent 7) genetic 8) consciously 9) extreme 10) nasty 11) boom 12) formal 13) soar 14) survey 15) Similarly 16) modify 17) rough 2. 1) at the same time 2) are stuck with 3) for certain 4) make no difference 5) on average 6) when it comes to 7) depends on 8) built into 9) come to mind 10) at work Increasing Your Word Power 1. Adjectives Nouns Adjectives
Nouns 1) technological technology 6) luxurious luxury 2) eternal eternity 7) leisurely leisure 3) miraculous miracle 8) subjective subject 4) relevant relevance 9) prosperous prosperity 5) analytical Analysis 10) innovative innovation 2. 2) multi-faith 3) multiform 4) multifunction 5) multi-ethnic 6) multilateral 7) multi-lingual 8) multimedia 9) multimillionaire 10) multinational 1) a multi-faith society 2) a multi-lingual secretary 3) a multimillionaire 4) a multinational motor-manufacturing corporation 5) a multifunction video camera
unit1响尾蛇伤 我们在西波顿种植西瓜和香瓜供应市场。我家有一块瓜地和花圃在紧靠甘蔗地的谷仓背后。一天，我从工具棚里拿了把镰刀想去砍个西瓜自己吃。他们是不许我拿这把刀的，因为它的刀刃比我的胳膊还长。但它是切西瓜的最好工具。一刀下去，西瓜就一分为二了。 我正沿着瓜地边走边拍打着想找一个熟瓜，突然感觉脚好像被针一样的东西扎了一下。我为是踩在一堆蒺藜草上了。 转眼一看，却发现是一条响尾蛇。我知道响尾蛇在袭击之前都要发出响声以示警告的，而我对那响声的熟悉程度决不亚于我熟悉鹌鹑。后来我才明白它是没有时间警告，我肯定是一脚踩在它的嘴巴上了。我边往家飞奔，边大声喊叫，满脑子想的都是自己肯定要死了。妈妈赶快解下围裙用上面的带子绑在我的膝盖上部。她扶我到前屋的沙发上躺下，让玛莎照看我。当时在场的既没有一个男人也没有一匹马。最近的住宅是豪威尔先生家，但他家没有马。再远点的是吉姆·安德森家，穿过田地抄近路也有半英里的距离。妈妈冲向安德森家。安德森的一个儿子跳上马就直奔城里，在安德森家打工的克拉克的儿子用车把妈妈送回家。回到家，妈妈发现围裙带已被玛莎解开了，因为我直叫系得太紧。妈妈给我重新绑上，她用力很猛以致于我失声叫了起来。 然后，妈妈又到门廊朝那条通往城里的路张望。这条路位于安德森和豪威尔两家领地中间，一直延伸到小山顶端，因此从这里你可以看见所有路过的人或物。我总是远远就能辨认出我们的马车和汤姆，尤其是爸爸赶车的时候。这时，如果得到允许，汤姆就会因为急于吃到马槽里的东西而撒腿跑起来，爸爸也总是允许它这么做的。 赫伯·安德森的意见是首先找爸爸，如果他不在就找麦肯斯医生，再不成就找菲尔德或别的医生。 妈妈一边盯着看谁的马先出现，一边不时地进屋安慰我。 终于，妈妈说道：“你爸爸来了。” Read more 误解 这是个古老的故事，的确是要说到1864年的事。那时，英国军队驻扎在牙买加的一个团养了只官兵都喜爱的大猴子。那是只善于思考、极有主见的猴子，他的行为习惯和举止总是令军官们开心不已。他的居所对着军官食堂的窗户，尽管身上系着很长但不重的链子，他照样自得其乐，淘气逗人。比如有一天，他觉得一位年轻军官羞侮了他，便立即把食堂窗户敲得惊天动地。军官们只好把他的居所移到一个不太招眼的地方，但他依旧自娱自乐。任何活生生的东西，只要胆敢闯入他链长所及的范围内，就免不了被折腾得手忙脚乱一阵子。而那些倒霉的鸡鸭，却经常误入他的领地。那就会被他一下子抓住，有时竟被他扼杀，不过更多的时候，他都是恶作剧地对这些痛苦的阶下囚实施全身或半身拔毛手术，然后再放开。 然而，有一只鸡却让他突然强烈地喜欢上了。他是逮住了它，但他即不拔毛也不扼杀，反倒是百般怜惜、抚爱有加。这种毫无顾忌的举动使那只不幸的鸡恐怕是宁受拔毛之刑吧。猴子拧它，揉它，抚摸它，搂抱它，把它举得高高地，令它展翅起舞，又把它放开一会儿，可当它试图逃脱时又顽皮地将它两腿一抓。可那只鸡怎么地都不领情，反倒是完全误解了猴情猴意。但猴子却始终不渝，牢牢地紧握着这个心肝宝贝不放松。他满以为忠贞不渝的柔情蜜意即能赢得芳心归，没想到讨好卖乖了一番却不成功，因而更加大献殷勤：不一样地抚摸，更挚着地摩挲，更卖力地搓揉，还逗得它更欢快地舞蹈。可万分钟情也未能赢得回眸一顾。终于，在猴子极其亲昵的拥抱中，鸡给整死了，至死也未能理解猴的一片赤诚。 猴子处于极度悲伤之中。可想而知，他好不容易发现心爱之鸡，而这心爱之鸡未能回报丝毫之柔情，竟弃他而去！可悲复可怜！他开始着手祭奠的仪式，每一动作都表现出他沉痛
综合教程1 unit1 anguish n. 痛苦；苦恼vt. 使极度痛苦 vi. 感到极度的痛苦 beloved n. 心爱的人；亲爱的教友 adj. 心爱的；挚爱的 breathing n. 呼吸；瞬间；微风 adj. 呼吸的；逼真的 v. 呼吸（breathe的现在分词） confront vt. 面对；遭遇；比较 conspicuously adv. 显著地，明显地；超群地，惹人注目地 evil n. 罪恶，邪恶；不幸 adj. 邪恶的；不幸的；有害的；讨厌的 gracefully adv. 优雅地；温文地 gravely adv. 严重地；严肃地；严峻地；沉重地 haven n. 港口；避难所，安息所 vt. 为……提供避难处；安置……于港中 hoarse adj. 嘶哑的 kneel vi. 跪下，跪 note n. 笔记；音符；票据；注解；纸币；便笺；照会；调子vt. 注意；记录；注解part n. 部分；角色；零件adj. 部分的 vt. 分离；分配；分开adv. 部分地 vi. 断裂；分手 porch n. 门廊；走廊 rest n. 休息，静止；休息时间；剩余部分；支架vt. 使休息，使轻松；把…寄托于vi. 休息；静止；依赖；安置 rosebush n. 蔷薇丛；玫瑰丛；灌木 shudder n. 发抖；战栗；震动 vi. 发抖；战栗 summon vt. 召唤；召集；鼓起；振作 bring back 拿回来；使…恢复；使…回忆起来 give in v. 屈服；让步；交上 hand in hand 手拉手地；联合 have sth. in common 有共同之处 laughter and tears lock sth. away through one’s tears well up 涌出；流露；萌发
Unit 1 1.年轻人有时会抱怨无法和父母沟通。(communicate with) Answer: Young people sometimes complain of being unable to communicate with their parents. 2. 能在中国云南的一个苗家村落住下来一直是玛丽长久以来的梦想，现在她终于梦想成真 了。(to take up residence) Answer: It has been Mary’s long cherished dream to take up residence in a Miao village in Yunnan, China. Now her dream has finally come true. 3. 家养的动物习惯于依赖人，因此很难能在野外活下来。(survive) Answer: Domestic animals are used to depending on humans, so it is difficult for them to survive in the wild. 4. 他突然有种恐惧感，觉得自己会因为经济不景气而被公司裁员。(overtake) Answer: He was suddenly overtaken by a fear that he would be laid off by the company because of depression. 5. 我估计公交路线上堵车了，因为我都等了30分钟也没见一辆车开过去。(figure) Answer: I figure that there is a traffic jam on the route of the bus, for I’ve waited for 30 m without seeing one passing by. 1.十年前，当公司还处在生产的鼎盛时期时，我们就决定投资新技术，将公司转型为技术密 集型企业。由于拥有先进技术，我们在激烈动荡的市场竞争中脱颖而出。现在我们的成本 下降了百分之三十，销售业绩却上涨了三分之二，利润翻了一番。Answer: Ten years ago, when our company was at the height of its production, we decided to invest in new technologies, so as to turn our company into a technology-intensive one. With our advanced technologies, we out-competed all our competitors in the rough and tumble of the marketplace. Now we have reduced the cost by 30 percent, even as / while our sales have grown by two-thirds and the earnings have doubled. 2. 我们将可持续性定义为保持企业盈利，但不以环境为代价。从商业的角度看，这合理吗？ 事实上，在追求可持续发展目标的过程中，我们的收益已经超过了所有的投资和开支。可持 续发展的推进起到了如此重要的作用，帮助我们撑过了史上最深重的经济衰退。Answer: We define sustainability as keeping a business profitable, but not at the expense of the environment. Does this make good business sense? Actually, what we get has more than offset all the investments and expenses incurred in pursuit of the goal of sustainable development. The boost of sustainability made such a difference that it helped us survive the deepest recession in the history. Unit 2 1.记者敦促发言人就此次军事打击作出解释。(press for) Answer: Reporters pressed the spokesman for an explanation of the military attack. 2. 他的竞选演讲未能使选民相信他就是参议员的合适人选。(convince) Answer: His election speech failed to convince the voters that he was the right person for the Senate seat. 3. 尽管我承认有问题存在，但我并不认为这些问题不能解决。(while) Answer: While I admit that there are problems, I don’t agree that they cannot be solved. 4. 他在电视上的第一次辩论给观众留下了深刻的印象。(impression) Answer: His first debate on TV made a deep impression on his audience. 5. 一切事物都是互相联系又互相作用的。(interact with) Answer: All things are interrelated and interact with each other. 1.这位年轻的埃及男孩在一些化学项目中积累了丰富的经验。这些经验帮助他在埃及大学读 书时成绩名列班级前茅。在研究生学习即将结束时，他决定在化学学习方面继续深造。当面 临选择去哪所大学时，他选择了宾夕法尼亚大学而放弃了加州理工学院，仅仅只是因为他当 时认为“大学”比“学院”听起来更负盛名。Answer: This young Egyptian boy had received a
《综合英语教程》第二册课文、扩展阅读课文译文 Unit 1 Text 等候的人们 我坐在一个机场，观察着等候所爱之人到达或离开前最后一刻的人们。他们有的不安地来回走着，有的互相凝视着，有的拉着对方的手。此时的感情是强烈的。 一位讲西班牙语的女士正来回转圈地跑着，想要将全家人集中起来道别。她的嗓门很高。当登机前的最后时刻到来时，她用双臂搂着儿子，似乎这一紧紧的拥抱能保佑他将来平安地归来。 在我候机坐位旁的栏杆边站着一位祖母和她的孙子，该来接他们的人还没到。他们旁边有两位女士，互相之间显然没有关系，但她们的眼光都象扫视着大海的探照灯一样朝通道口仔细地搜索着。一位怀抱婴儿的母亲正与丈夫吻别。泪水打湿了她的面颊。这时刻十分令人动情。 在第13号出口处，抵达者们刚刚进站。“我看见她了，她在那儿。”以同样感人的激情，这些抵达者融入了庞杂的人群，仿佛他们是这人群中失而复得的一个组成部分。泪水、笑容，和由衷的快乐洋溢在久别重逢的欢声笑语中。 我坐着边翻书边等着我的登机时刻，感到有点孤独，因为亲人与我的时间不配；而我要去见的人，我的女儿，却在我旅程的另一端。 我在回想往日的离别和重逢。忆起我看见女儿，就是我现在要去见的女儿，正从那狭窄的通道走过来，肩上背着背包，怀里抱着塞得满满的行囊，带着的耳机让她无暇顾及身旁川流不息的人群。她当时上大学一年级，11月回家度假——8月份以来第一次回家。我紧紧地拥抱着她，似乎我曾失去过她。 今天我乘坐的航班晚点两小时。手里的书今天读起来没劲，不如观看眼前这熙来人往的人群。一个5岁左右的男孩第一次见到他的祖父。他一点点往上看，半天才看到了对成人来说并不算高的一位男人的脸。一高一矮的两人脸上都放出了喜悦的光芒，我不知道人们如何能用语言和胶卷来捕捉这一时刻。 当我的航班终于呼叫登机时，我收起书本和行李。既然无人相送，我就没有回头看看来时的方向，而是在想上班的丈夫此刻极想知道我是否已起飞，在另一端的女儿也正惦记着同一件事。 登机时，我回想起另一种离别和重逢。有一次我新婚不久，91岁的祖父去世了。我们的关系一直很密切，那天傍晚，我参加完他的葬礼乘飞机返回，一边离开机场一边哭着。我们刚刚结婚一年的丈夫等候在出站口，把我拥抱在怀中。满脸的泪水招来了大家对我的关注，但我并不在乎。不管怎么说，我内心的那种感受在机场没有什么不合时宜的。 生命始终都需要这般关注。我祝愿所有旅行的人们归来时都能看到有人在等候迎接他们。我也祝愿他们出发前有人去送行。我想到自己的祖父并认识到，如果死亡就像这样，一次旅行而已，那么，我就不会害怕。 （吕睿中译，胡一宁审校） Read more 重要之事
Nature nurtures mankind unselfishly with its rich resources. Yet, man is so carried away in his transformation of nature that he is unaware that it also has limitations and needs constant care. Now worn by the excessive demands of mankind, nature is unable to maintain the ecological balance needed. Humanity is faced with the problem of how to stop, or at least to moderate, the destruction of Mother Nature. T Man in the Realm of Nature Alexander Spirkin The text is downloaded from the website: close 1RT Human beings live in the realm of nature. They are constantly surrounded by it and interact with it. Man is constantly aware of the influence of nature in the form of the air he breathes, the water he drinks, and the food he eats. We are connected with nature by "blood" ties and we cannot live outside nature. 人在自然界 亚历山大·斯伯金 人类生活在大自然的王国里。他们时刻被大自然所包围并与之相互影响。人类呼吸的空气、喝下的水和摄入的食物，无一不令人类时刻感知到大自然的影响。我们与大自然血肉相连，离开大自然，我们将无法生存。close 2RT Man is not only a dweller in nature, he also transforms it. Humanity converts nature's wealth into the means of the cultural, historical life of society. Man has subdued and disciplined electricity and compelled it to serve the interests of society. Not only has man transferred various species of plants and animals to different climatic conditions, he has also changed the shape and climate of his environment and transformed plants and animals. 人类不仅生活在大自然之中，同时也在改变着大自然。人类把自然资源转变为各种文化，社会历史的财富。人类降服并控制了电，迫使它为人类社会的利益服务。人类不仅把各种各样的动植物转移到不同的气候环境，也改变了他生活环境的地貌和气候并使动植物因之而发生转变。close 3RT As society develops, man tends to become less dependent on nature directly, while indirectly his dependence grows. Our distant
Unit One 核心员工的特征 大卫? G. xx 1 核心员工究竟是什么样子的?几乎每次进行调查时，我都会从雇主们那里听到“核心员工”这个名词。我请一位客户——一位正参与研究的人事部经理，给我解释一下。“每家公司都有少数几个这样的员工，在某个专业领域，你可以指望他们把活儿干好。 在我的小组中，有七名化工流程工程师和生物学家，其中有那么两三个人是我赖以生存的，”他说，“他们对我的公司而言不可或缺。当请你们公司替我们招募新人的时候，我们期待你们会去其他公司找这样的人：其他公司经理不想失去的员工。我们只招募核心员工。” 2 这是一段充满了鼓动性的谈话，目的是把猎头们派往竞争对手的公司去游说经验丰富的员工们做一次职业变更。他们想从另一家公司招募核心员工。然而，每家公司也从新人中招人。他们要寻找的是完全一样的xx。“我们把他们和公司顶级员工表现出的特质进行对照。假如他们看起来有同样特征的话，我们就在他们身上赌一把。” 只是这样有 点儿冒险。 3“这是一种有根据的猜测，”我的人事经理客户说。作为未来的一名员工，你的工作是帮助人事部经理降低这种风险，你需要帮助他们认定你有潜力成为一名核心员工。 4 特征1：无私的合作者 职业顾问和化学家约翰?xx最早提出了这个特征。关于这个特征，人们已经写了大量的文章。它之所以值得被反复谈及，是因为这一特征是学术界和企业间最明显的差别。“这里需要合作，” xx说，“企业的环境并不需要单打独斗，争强好胜，所以表现出合作和无私精神的员工就脱颖而出了。在企业环境中，没有这样的思维方式就不可能成功。” 5 许多xx 和研究生在进行这种过渡的过程中表现得相当费力。因为生命中有那么长一段时间他们都在扮演一个独立研究者的角色，并且要表现得比其他年轻的优秀人才更出色。你可以xx提高在公司的吸引力：为追求一个共同的目标和来自其他实验室和学科的科学家们合作——并且为你的个人履历上的内容提供事迹证明。这个方法，加上你在描述业绩时开明地使用代词“我们”，而不是“我”，能使公司对你的看法从“单干户”转变 成“合作者”。更为有利的是，要在你实验室内部，以及在和你们实验室合作的人们之间，培养一个良好声誉：一个鼓励并发动合作的人——还要保证让那些会接听调查电话的人们谈及你的这个品质。 6 特征2：紧迫感
UNIT ONE 1 .In life ,our stupidest course of action is to cling too much to what we have and refuse to let go. 2 .I am wiling to word in the IT industry, but have no idea haw to go about it. 3. Many people aware of the importance of living in harmony whit nature. 4. Ploblems like the generation gap cannot be sweep under the carper. 5. I never did understand what was eating away at her. 6. He has been at peace with the word all his life. 7. He did not speak out/ say what we through, for one thing, she might not understand, for another, he was said that she might not forgive him. 8. As the years rolled by, he became increasingly interested in / fascinated by Chinese culture. 1.Though we have been successful in our word so far, we must be prepared to tackle difficult problems in the days to come. 2.During the battle, the soldiers did not have many choice, the only alter alternativ to being taken prisoner was to die fighting. 3.There are already initial successes, but for the final victory we will have to wait for another year. 4.There is no universal agreement about the meaning of life. different people have understanding. 5.Unfortunately, a continuing rise in the oil price has crippled the economy of this African country, 6.Although Adam is not her child by blood, her love for him is deep and light was very genuine. 7.Buildings speak of the qualities of the people who design and construct them. 8.We were attracted by the fascinating painting, Its clever use of colour and light was very impressive. 9.A(n) shallow thinker may be able to say something clearly, but a deep thinker make us see that there is something that cannot be said. 10.What happens is not as important as how your react to what happens. 11.The exhibition is held to generate interest in computer science and to get some new ideas for webpage design. 12.Hemingway is book, which is entitled the old man and the sea, tells the story of a fisherman. 13.If the children have been in contract whit the disease, they have stay in hospital for a medical examination. 14.His wife was always complaining at home and he was tired of her constant complaints. 15.Football is a rough game, players get wounded easily. 16.When trying to escape from the prison, the thief was captured by the police. 17.I know you are both proud and fine it difficult to forgive each other such a bad argument, but someone has to make the first move . 18.As William Shakespeare put it in A Midsummer Night is Dream, “Love looks not whit the eyes, but whit the mind. UNIT TWO