虚拟语气单项选择题：
1. Sorry, I am too busy now. If I time, I would certainly go for an outing with you.
(2012 湖南)
A. have had
B. had had
C. have
D. had
2. If my car ____ more reliable, I would have driven to Lasa instead of flying last summer. （2012 陕西）
A. was
B. had been
C. should be
D. would be
3. We ____ the difficulty together, but why didn’t you tell me? （2012 北京）
A. should face
B. might face
C. could have faced
D. must have faced
4. We lost our way in that small village, otherwise we ____ more places of interest yesterday. （2012 福建）
A. visited
B. had visited
C. would visit
D. would have visited
5. Grace doesn’t want to move to New York because she thinks if she ____ there, she wouldn’t
be able to see her parents very often. (2012 安徽)
A. lives
B. would live
C. having asked
D. were to live
6. But for the help of my English teacher, I the first prize in the English Writing Competition.（2009 福建）
A. would not win
B. would not have won
C. would win
D. would have won
7. Thank you for all your hard work last week. I don’t think we ____ it without you.（2008 山东）
A. can manage
B. could have managed
C. could manage
D. can have managed
8. _____ fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off. （2006 湖北）
A. Would you be
B. Should you be
C. Could you be
D. Might you be
9. — Do you mind if I open the window?
—____ I feel a bit cold. （2004 广东）
A. Of course not
B. I’d rather you didn’t
C. Go ahead
D. Why not?
10. It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown. （2002 上海）
A. wouldn’t have fallen
B. had not fallen
C. should fall
D. were to fall
11. What would have happened ____, as far as the riverbank? （2001 上海）
A. Bob had walked farther
B. if Bob should walk farther
C. had Bob walked farther
D. if Bob walked farther
12. He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he a goal. （2001 上海春）
A. had scored
B. scored
C. would score
D. would have scored
13. If only he ____ quietly as the doctor instructed, he wouldn’t suffer so much now. （2000 上海）
A. lies
B. lay
C. had lain
D. should lie
14. Had I k nown about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy. (2010 浙江)
A. would have been saved
B. had been saved
C. will be saved
D. was saved
15. John went to the hospital alone. If he ____ me about it, I would have gone with him. (2010 天津)
A. should tell
B. tells
C. told
D. had told
16. — The weather has been very hot and dry.
—Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables ________. （2010北京）
A. wouldn’t die
B. didn’t die
C. hadn’t died
D. wouldn’t have died
17. George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I’d rather he more on its culture. （2010江苏）
A. .focus
B. focused
C. would focus
D. had focused
18. If we _____ the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting.（2010陕西）
A. take
B. had taken
C. took
D. have taken
19. — Pity you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution.
—I _____ it, but I was busy preparing for a job interview. (2011 福建)
A. attended
B. had attended
C. would attend
D. would have attended
20. —Where are the children? The dinner’s going to be completely ruined．
—I wish they ____ always late．(2011北京)
A. weren’t
B. hadn’t been
C. wouldn't be
D. wouldn't have been
答案： 1-5. DBCDD 6-10. BBBBB 11-15. CDCAD 16-20. DBBDA
虚拟语气翻译题：
1. If it were Sunday tomorrow, I would go and see my friends.
明天要是星期天的话，我就去看望我的朋友。
2. If it had not rained this morning, I should have gone shopping.
今天早上要是没下雨，我就去买东西了。
3. If he were here tomorrow, I would speak to him.
明天如果他在这里的话，我就和他谈谈。
4. If you dropped the glass, it would break.
你要是把杯子掉下来，会打碎的。
5. If she had time, she could help me.
她要是有时间，就会帮我了。
6. Were it necessary, I might go without delay.
如果需要的话，我可以立即去。（= If it were necessary......）
7. Had you taken my advice, you wouldn't have failed in the exam.
你要是听了我的建议，就不会考试不及格了。（= If you had taken my advice......）8. If you hesitated this moment, you might suffer in the future.
如果你此刻犹豫不决，你将来会吃苦头的。
9. It is important that we (should) work out a study plan.
重要的是我们要制订出一个学习计划。
10. It will be better that we (should) meet some other time.
最好我们在另一个时间见面。
11. It is suggested that each student (should) sing a song in English.
有人建议每个学生都要唱一首英文歌曲。
12. It is a pity/shame that I should be at school instead of lying here in hospital.
真可惜，我应当在学校而不是躺在医院里。
13. His silence suggested that he agreed with my decision.
他的沉默暗示他赞同我的决定。（暗示）
14. He suggested that I (should) stick to my decision.
他建议我坚持自己的决定。（建议）
15. He insists that doing morning exercises does good to people's health.
他坚持认为做早操对健康有益。（强调）
16. He insists that he (should) do morning exercises every day.
他坚持每天都要做早操。（要求）
17. I wish you would stay an hour longer.
我希望你再呆一个小时。
18. The teacher treats the pupil as if he were her own child.
这位老师对待这位学生就像自己的亲生孩子一样。
19. Whether he (should) succeed or fail, we shall have to do our part.
不管他成功还是失败，我们还是要做好自己的事。
20. If only I could speak several foreign languages！
我要是能讲几种外语就好了！
虚拟语气 第一种: 由“ if ”引导的虚拟句子 (1). 与现在的事实相反 [If --- + 过去式（be一般用were）---, --- + would do---] If I were you , I would marry him. 如果我是你,就会嫁给他。 (2). 与过去的事实相反 [If --- + had +过去分词---, --- +would have done---] If you had worked hard , you would have passed the exam. 如果你用功学习,就会通过考试了。(3). 与将来的事实可能相反 [If ---+ should +动原/wereto+动原/过去式---, ---+ would do---] If it should rain tomorrow , what would you do ? 如果明天下雨,你怎么办? 【真题】Linda __________________________________(不可能收到我的电子邮件)；otherwise, she would have replied.（2011,12） Couldn’t have received my email 【真题】You would not have failed if you _______________________________(按照我的指令去做).（2009,12） You had followed my orders. 解析：考点是虚拟语气。 【真题】If she had returned an hour earlier , Mary______________________________________ (就不会被大雨淋湿了). wouldn’t have been caught in the heavy rain . 解析：考点是虚拟语气、词汇。 【真题】If the reaction were to take place,____________________released.(巨大的能量就会被释放出来) Tremendous amounts of energy would 第二种: 用在表示要求、建议、命令等的名词从句中 从句谓语形式为 “---(should ) + do sth”(在美语中should常省去) 。 类似用法的动词有 insist (坚持) , suggest (建议) , order(命令) , propose (建议) , demand (要求) , command (命令) , advise (建议) , desire (要求、请求) , request (请求) , require (需要、要求) , ask (要求) , prefer (宁愿), recommend(推荐) , arrange ( 安排) , advocate ( 拥护、提倡) ,maintain(坚决主张)等后面的宾语从句中。 【CET-4:2006.6】The professor required that __________________(我们交研究报告)。 参考答案：we hand in our research report(s) 【真题】They requested that_______________(我借的书还回图书馆)by next Friday.【2010，12】books I borrowed （should）be returned to the library / I （should）return the book I borrowed to the library 解析：①request的用法。request v. 要求；当request表示“要求”时，引导的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气，即（should）+ 动词原形。②定语从句。“我借的书”，the book （that）I borrowed；③单词的拼写。归还return，借borrow，图书馆library ④本题提供了两个版本的答案，但在表示“规定，规则”时，被动语态更为常用。 第三种: 用在“It + be + important (,necessary , natural , essential , strange , absurd , amazing , annoying , desirable, surprising , vital , advisable , anxious , compulsory , crucial , imperative , eager , fitting , possible , impossible , improper , obligatory , probable , preferable , strange , urgent 等, 以及insisted , suggested , ordered , requested , arranged , recommended 等) + that ---（should）do sth”结构中的that 引导的主语从句中。 第四种：混合时间虚拟语气（主要是抓住时间状语） (对过去事实虚拟+对现在事实虚拟) If I had studied English at school, I could read the English novel now.
If it were Sunday tomorrow, I would go and see my friends. 明天要是星期天的话，我就去看望我的朋友。 If I were you, I should go and try. 我要是你，我就去试试。 If wishes were horses, beggars might ride. 如果幻想能成为马匹，叫花子都有了坐骑 I would go if they treated me like a slave. 要是他们把我当奴隶对待，我就走。 If I had known your telephone number yesterday, I would have telephoned you. 如果昨天我知道你的电话号码，我就给你打电话了。 If it had not rained this morning, I should have gone shopping. 今天早上要是没下雨，我就去买东西了。 The flood might have caused great damages to the people if we had not built so many reservoirs. 倘若我们没有修建这么多的水库，洪水就会使人民遭受巨大的损失。 If he were here tomorrow, I would speak to him. 明天如果他在这里的话，我就和他谈谈。 If you dropped the glass, it would break. 你要是把杯子掉下来，会打碎的。 If she had time, she could help me. 她要是有时间，就会帮我了。 If I were to do the work, I should do it in a different way. 要是我做这项工作，我就会以不同的方式去做。 If the headmaster were to come, what would we say to him 假如校长来了，我们对他说什么呢？ Were it necessary, I might go without delay. 如果需要的话，我可以立即去。（= If it were necessary......） Had you taken my advice, you wouldn't have failed in the exam. 你要是听了我的建议，就不会考试不及格了。（= If you had taken my advice......） Should I have time, I would call on her. 要是有时间，我就去看她。（= If I should have time......） If you hadn't watched TV yesterday, you wouldn't be so sleepy now. 如果你昨天不看电视，你现在也就不会这么困了。（从句yesterday说明过去，主句now说明现在）If they had left home early this morning, they would arrive in half an hour. 如果他们今天一早就离开家的话，再过半小时他们就该到了。（从句说明过去，主句说明将来。） If you hesitated this moment, you might suffer in the future. 如果你此刻犹豫不决，你将来会吃苦头的。（从句说明现在，主句说明将来） He would not get such a result without your help. 没有你的帮助，他就不会有今天的成果。(条件暗含在介词短语without your help中) But for you, I could not be recovered so soon. 要不是有你，我就不会恢复得这么快。(条件暗含在But for you中) This same thing, happening in the past, would lead to a disaster. 同样的事，如发生在过去，就会酿成大祸。(条件暗含在分词短语happening in the past中) He must have been there, or he never could know the place so well.
虚拟语气翻译练习 1．假如你得了一万美金，必须在一天内花掉，你会怎么做呢？ 2．如果我是她，我宁愿死了也不嫁给他。 3．假如没有电，生活会是什么样子呢？ 4．昨晚如果她来了，问题就解决了。 5．即使你告诉了我她是谁，我也认不出她来。 6．假如当初他接受运动员的训练，早就闻名世界了。 7．如果明天不考试，我就和你一起去看电影。 8．如果湛江下雪，那可是新闻头条啊。 9．如果你没有背叛过我，也许我们现在还是很好的朋友。 10．如果你将来嫁有钱人，那我都成百万富翁了。 11．要不是英语考试，上周六我就去听音乐会了。 12．难道你不该开始认真对待生活了吗？ 13．你很自私，你的该意识到自己并不是世界上最重要的人。 答案： 1.If you had ten thousand dallors,what would you do if you had to spend it in a day? 2.If I were you, I would die rather than marrying him. 3.If we had no electricity, what life would be? 4.If he had come yesterday, the problems might have been solved. 5.I should not have recognized her even if you had told me her name. 6.If he had been trained as an athlete, he would have been word famous long ago. 7.If we shouldn’t take the exam tomorrow, I would go with you to the movie. 8.If it were to snow in Zhanjing, it would be the headline of the newspaper. 9.If you hadn’t turned your back on me( betrayed me), we were still friends maybe. 10.If you should marry a rich man in future, I would be a millionior. 11.But for the Enlish examination, I would have gone to the concert last Saturday. 12.Isn’t it about time you started taking life seriously? 13.You’re selfish. It’s high time you realized that you are not the most important person in the world.
If sb had done sth ( 对过去虚拟) 1.如果昨天我知道你的电话号码 2.倘若我们没有修建这么多的水库 3.你要是听了我的建议 4.如果你昨天不看电视 5.如果他们今天一早就离开家的话 6.今天早上要是没下雨 If sb did/ were sth (对现在虚拟) 1,。我要是你 2.她要是有时间 3.如果需要的话 If sb should do(万一) /were to do (打算) / did sth （对将来虚拟） 1.明天如果他在这里的话 2.明天要是星期天的话 3.要是他们把我当奴隶对待 4.你要是把杯子掉下来 5.如果幻想能成为马匹 6.要是我做这项工作 7.假如校长来了 Sb would/ should/ could / might have done sth 某人就会/ 应该/ 能够 / 可能做了。。。（过去） 1 如果昨天我知道你的电话号码，我就给你打电话了。 2 今天早上要是没下雨，我就去买东西了。 3 倘若我们没有修建这么多的水库，洪水就会使人民遭受巨大的损失。 4 你要是听了我的建议，就不会考试不及格了。 Sb would/ should/ could / might do/ be doing sth 某人就会/ 应该/ 能够 / 可能做/在做。。。（现在、将来） 1 如果你昨天不看电视，你现在也就不会这么困了。 2 明天要是星期天的话，我就去看望我的朋友。 3 我要是你，我就去试试。 4 如果幻想能成为马匹，叫花子都有了坐骑
5 要是他们把我当奴隶对待，我就走。 综合练习 一、翻译下列条件句，并改为倒装结构 1.明天如果他在这里的话，我就和他谈谈。 2.你要是把杯子掉下来，会打碎的。 3.她要是有时间，就会帮我了。 4.要是我做这项工作，我就会以不同的方式去做。 5.假如校长来了，我们对他说什么呢 6.如果需要的话，我可以立即去。 7.要是有时间，我就去看她。 8.如果他们今天一早就离开家的话，再过半小时他们就该到了。 9.如果你此刻犹豫不决，你将来会吃苦头的。 10.要不是由于你的粗心大意，我们就赢了比赛了 11.要不是因为即将到来的考试，我今天晚上就和你一起去晚会。 二、请用所给词翻译下列句子 1.没有你的帮助，他就不会有今天的成果。(without) 2.要不是有你，我就不会恢复得这么快。(But for) 3.他一定是去过那儿，否则他绝不会对那个地方如此熟悉。(or) 4.她病了，否则的话就会出席会议了。（otherwise） 5.我让他自己去那里，但也许我应该和他一道去。（but） 6.假若你站在我的立场上，你会怎么办（suppose/supposing/providing） 三、特殊词练习 1. wish 1.但愿我是一只小鸟。 2.我要是知道答案就好了。 3.那时她要是接受我的建议就好了。
第六章虚拟语气 I. 非真实条件句(包括without／but for) 1．没有良好的教育就没有先进的科学技术。(without) 2．要不是警察很快赶到，那个小偷就逃走了。(run away) 3．如果没有电，我们的生活将会很艰难。(without electricity) 4．我本来要来的，但是我太忙了。(but) 5．我很乐意帮助你，只是我太忙了。(pleasure) 6．那天我病了，要不然我一定会出席会议的。(otherwise) 7．要不是下大雨，我们那次旅行就更加惬意了。(pleasant) 8．亏得你提醒了我，要不我早就忘记了。(remind) 9．当初要是换成比尔就不至于那么做了。(act) 10．我们本来要去野餐的，只是那个时候雨很大。(only) 11．尽管爱因斯坦本可以很富裕，但是他对金钱不感兴趣。(care) 12．“你对他的回答满意吗?”“一点儿也不满意，(他的回答)真是糟透了。”(satisfy) 13．我原定于上星期一动身的，可是后来我改变了主意。(set out) 14．如果明天下雪，你们怎么办? (snow) 15．假如地球上的四大洋不是含盐的，那我们就不缺水了。(1ack) 16．剧院这么近，我们本可以走过来的。(could) 17．要是他四年前抓住机会的话，恐怕他现在正在澳大利亚最著名的一所大学里求学。 (chance) 18．要不是你的帮助，我可能会在找工作时遇到更多的挫折。(suffer) 19．设想一下你父母知道你在这里是如何表现的，他们会怎么想?(suppose，behave) 20．如能按时送来那两辆装有空调设备的小汽车，我们将非常感激。(appreciate，equip) 21．如果你听从我的指引，他不会迷路了。(follow) 22．要是他打开电源前再检查一遍，那场事故本来可以避免的。(avoid) 23．要不是这些年轻自愿者的帮助，这个街坊的老年人想去看看长城是很困难的。(without) 24．要是月球上有空气有水，我们就可以在上面安家。(settle down) 25．要学好一门外语，了解讲这个语言的国家的文化和风俗习惯是很必要的。(1earn about) 26．倘若没有这个年轻科学家的幻想，这项发明也许要推迟一个世纪。(but for) 27．要是当时我谨慎一些的话，现在就可能不会陷入困境了。(trouble) 28．要不是那场暴风雨，这位著名的足球教练早就该在春节前到上海了。(coach) 29．如果你当时意识到问题的严重性，并采取措施，结果就完全两样了。(Had you…) Ⅱ. 宾语从句(包括If only) 1．但愿他不是那么愚蠢。(wish that) 2．我建议你听录音之前不要看材料。(suggest that) 3．如果我们能够找到那枚丢失的邮票该多好啊! (find) 4．我真希望我根本不认识你。(wish) 5．他脸上的神色表明他对考试的结果非常担心。(suggest) 6．要是我交考卷前把答案仔细检查一下该多好啊! (If only) 7．我天天忙得不可开交，我多么希望一天有26个小时，甚至30小时啊! (engage) 8．专家们建议污水净化以后才能排入河流、湖泊。(make clean) 9．绿茶含有很多有益于人体的物质，我建议你每天喝。(benefit) 10．许多专家建议应该对上海的高楼数量进行限制。(propose)
1.Had he worked harder, _______________ (他就会通过考试) he would have passed the test. 2.It is essential that _________________ (这些申请表被送回) as early as possible. these application forms should be sent back 3.If I had worked harder at school, I ________________ (可能正坐在舒适的办公室里). would be sitting in the comfortable office now 4.But for the storm, the ship __________________ (可能会准时到达目的地). would have arrived at the destination on time 5.I suggested he _____________（使自己适应）his new conditions. should adapt himself to 6.It is recommended that _______________ (工程不动工)until all preparations have been made. the project not be started 7.But for his help, I___________________(不可能这么早完成) wouldn’t have finished it so early 8.If you had_____________________ （听从了我的劝告，你就不会陷入麻烦） followed my advice, you wouldn’t have been in trouble. 9.I’d rather________________(你别发表任何意见) on the issue for the time being. 10.We insist that _________________________ (让杰克立刻进医院) 11.It is high time that __________________________(你该睡觉了) 12.I didn’t have enough money, otherwise ______________ (我会买那本书的) 1.he would have got through the exams 2.these application forms be sent back 3.would be sitting in a comfortable office now 4.would have reached its destination on time 5.should adapt himself to
虚拟语气翻译 If 条件句 1.与现在事实相反 从句：动词过去式（be 动词多用were） 主句：would/should/could/might+动词原形 If I were you, I should accept the invitation. If I had time, I would go there. 2.与过去事实相反 从句：had+过去分词 主句：would/should/could/might + have done If you had come earlier, you couldn’t have missed the bus. If he had seen you yesterday, he would have returned your book. 3.与将来事实相反 从句：should+动词原形 were to+动词原形 动词过去式（be 动词多用were）+ 将来时间状语 主句：would/should/could/might+动词原形 If it should rain/were to rain/rained tomorrow, the sports meeting would be put off. If you dropped/should drop/were to drop the glass, it would break. 4.混合时间条件句与主句 If you had reviewed the lesson, you would answer the question now. If he had followed the doctor’s advice, he would be quite all right now. If I were you, I would have gone home. 5.条件句与主句的省略 I would /should have it, but I was too busy then. I was surprised that you didn’t like this job, you could have done it better. 6. 含蓄条件句与主句 without=but for代替if从句 Without your help, we wouldn’t have made such great progress. = if there had been no help from you, we wouldn’t have made such great progress. Without air, there would be no living things. 6.as if/as though引导的状语从句中用法 表现在：从句用过去式（be 动词多用were） 表将来：从句would/should/could/might+动词原形 表过去：从句had done The man speaks as if he were a foreigner. The speaker told us a lot about that country as though he had been there many times. They talked as if they had been good friends for years. 7.wish宾语从句中的用法
实验中学2014届高三英语语法专项复习------虚拟语气 虚拟语气的概念---虚拟语气是动词的一种特殊形式，用来表达说话人的愿望，意图，建议，惊奇，设想等未能实现的情况，以及在说话人看来实现可能性很小的情况。 虚拟语气的特点： １．虚拟语气表达的是与客观现实相反的观念。 ２．虚拟语气常由一个表示条件的从句和一个主句构成。 ３．由于虚拟语气中条件从句中的条件是与客观事实相反，因此其主句的结论也只能是想象的，非真实的。 ４．虚拟语气的特点决定了它句中动词形式的使用与真实句中的动词形式的是不同的。含if条件句的虚拟语气按时间的不同，分成以下三种形式：1）与现在事实相反的虚拟语气。 2）与过去事实相反的虚拟语气 3）与将来事实相反的虚拟语气 一．在不同时间下，含if条件句的虚拟语气的3种形式： 与现在事实相反 were might if+主语+ 过去式动词would ，主语+ could + V should 与过去事实相反 might would + have + 过去分词If +主语+had +过去分词, 主语+ could Should 与将来事实相反 were might if + 主语+ were to +v 主语+ would + V should + v. could 注：１.虚拟语气中助动词be的过去时(无论句子的主语是第几人称，是单数还是复数)一律用were，不用was。 ２.含if条件句的虚拟语气句子中，如果“if”从句中含有“were, had ”或“should ”时，则可省略连词“if ”，而把“were, had ”或“should”移至主语之前，构成倒装句。 1.与现在事实相反 １）If I had a car, I should be very happy. =Had I a car, I should be very happy.(将had提到句首，再将if省略，构成倒装句)
1) I wish _______________(我年轻的时候有你们这样的机会). 2) If only ______________(他知道这病是可以治好的)! Then he would not have killed himself. 3) ——Would you like him to paint your door with yellow stars? ——I’d rather he _______________(漆成蓝色的，而且不带任何装饰). 4) It’s high time that _______________(采取措施解决交通堵塞的问题). 5) Hugh usually talks _______________(仿佛在大会上发表演说似的). 6) We insist that _______________(让杰克立刻进医院). 7) It was advised that _______________(在居民区设立更多的流动商店). 8) His proposal was that _______________(他们成立一个专门委员会来检查这个问题). 9) We are going to discuss his suggestion that _______________(取消期中考试).
10) It is ridiculous that _______________(我们在一个总是下雨的国家还缺水). 11) It is essential that _______________(每个人都为紧急情况做好准备). 12) _______________(如果他按照我告诉他的办法订票), we would have had quite a comfortable journey. 13) I was to have made a speech _______________(要不是有人把我的话打断了). 14) It didn’t rain last night. _______________(要是下了，地就会湿的). 15) _______________(如果我一直住在纽约), I would know the U.S. well now. 16) If the doctor had not come in time, _______________(他现在就不在人间了). 17) But for his help, _______________(我们就不会以这么低的价格租到房子了).
翻译训练 一、倍数增减的表示法 1) Force N1 is 2.5 times greater than Force N2 (考点：倍数+ 形容词/副词比较级+ than) (比力N2大2.5倍). 2) This substance reacts three times as fast as the other one (考点：倍数+ as + 形容词/副词+ as) (反应速度 是另外那种物质的三倍). 3) The earth is 49 times the size of the moon (考点：倍数+ 名词) (是月球大小的49倍). 4) The landlord wants to raise the rent by a third (考点：动词+ by + 数词/百分比/倍数) (想将租金提高三 分之一). 5) They plan to double their investment (考点：double + 名词) (计划将投资增加一倍). 二、时态 1) Be quick, ) or the wedding will have finished by the time we get to the church (考点：将来完成时) (否则等我 们到达教结束了). 2) When she got home, the children had fallen asleep (考点：过去完成时) (孩子们已经睡着了). 3) When I prepare for the college entrance examination, my sister will be taking her vacation at the seaside (考点： 将来进行时) (我姐姐将在海边度假). 4) I have been revising my resume all the morning (考点：现在完成进行时) _(一上午都在修改我的简历). 5) Do you often go on holiday? No. It has been five years since I went on holiday (考点：It has been …since sb. did sth. 表示某人有多长时间没有做某事了) (不，我已经有五年没有度假了). 6) He joined the army in October, 2001. He has been in the army for 5 years (考点：1. 现在完成时;2.要用持续性 动词才能接一段时间) (他参军已五年了). 三、被动语态 1) The blackboard and chalk _ is being replaced by the computer and the projector (考点：被动语态的现在进行 时) (正在被电脑和投影机所取代). 2) The book will have been published by the end of this year (考点：被动语态的将来完成时) (到今年年底就将 已出版). 3) Computer models can be used to demonstrate the way that cells work (考点：1. 被动语态与情态动词联用; 2. 汉语有些没有“被”字等标志词的句子也表示被动, 要译成英语的被动语态) (可以用来演示细胞工作的方式). 4) When the bill of fare was brought, I was startled, for the prices were a great deal higher than I had anticipated (考点：同“3”的考点2) (我惊呆了，价格大大超出了我的预料).
虚拟语气单项选择题： 1. Sorry, I am too busy now. If I time, I would certainly go for an outing with you. (2012 湖南) A. have had B. had had C. have D. had 2. If my car ____ more reliable, I would have driven to Lasa instead of flying last summer. （2012 陕西） A. was B. had been C. should be D. would be 3. We ____ the difficulty together, but why didn’t you tell me? （2012 北京） A. should face B. might face C. could have faced D. must have faced 4. We lost our way in that small village, otherwise we ____ more places of interest yesterday. （2012 福建） A. visited B. had visited C. would visit D. would have visited 5. Grace doesn’t want to move to New York because she thinks if she ____ there, she wouldn’t be able to see her parents very often. (2012 安徽) A. lives B. would live C. having asked D. were to live 6. But for the help of my English teacher, I the first prize in the English Writing Competition.（2009 福建） A. would not win B. would not have won C. would win D. would have won 7. Thank you for all your hard work last week. I don’t think we ____ it without you.（2008 山东） A. can manage B. could have managed C. could manage D. can have managed 8. _____ fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off. （2006 湖北） A. Would you be B. Should you be C. Could you be D. Might you be 9. — Do you mind if I open the window? —____ I feel a bit cold. （2004 广东） A. Of course not B. I’d rather you didn’t C. Go ahead D. Why not? 10. It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown. （2002 上海） A. wouldn’t have fallen B. had not fallen C. should fall D. were to fall 11. What would have happened ____, as far as the riverbank? （2001 上海） A. Bob had walked farther B. if Bob should walk farther
虚拟语气练习 1．If I had wings, ______________________ (我就飞到美国去). 2. I would have made a speech ______________________(要不是有人把我的话打断了). 3. It didn’t rain last night. _____________________________(要是下了，地就会湿的). 4. ________________________(如果我在纽约居住过), I would know the . well now. 5. If the doctor had not come in time, _______________________(他现在就不在人间了). 6. But for his help, ____________________________________(我们就不会以这么低的价格租到房子了). 7. I used my calculator; ____________________________________________ (否则，我会花更长的时间才能算出这道题). 8. Were I in your place, ____________________________(我会毫不犹豫地抓住机会). 9. Had it not been for their opposition, ______________________(这项法案早就通过了). 10. Should there be another world war, ________________________________(人类的继续存在就会有危险). < 11. It is vital that ______________________________________(每个人都为紧急情况做好准备). 12. If the shoes had fitted me, ______________________ (我就买了). 13. _______________________(要是我生在美 国), I would not have studied English. 14. ________________________________________ (如果过去的一周之内天气很 好) , the crops would grow better now. 15. The general ordered that ________________________(士兵马上开火). 16. But for the storm, __________________________(我们早就到了). 17. ___________________________ (要是你选了三 号), we would have won 5 million. (要是我早知道她的名字)，I would not have been so embarrassed. 19. Even if __________________________(明天太阳从西边出 来), I would not do so.
新四级考试翻译练习50题 翻译练习： 1．I have had great deal of trouble__________ .(跟得上班上的其他同学) 2．___________(我们没有人料到主席会出现) at the party. We thought he was still in hospital. 3. A good many proposals were raised by the delegates,________________(正如预料的那样). 4. Most doctors recognize that medicine is as much__________(是一门科学，也是一门艺术). 5. Some women ___________________(本来能够挣一份很好的工资) in a job instead of staying home, but they decided not to work for the sake of the family. 6．Over a third of the population was estimated_________(无法获得) to the health service. 7. Although punctual himself, the professor was quite used______________(习惯了学生迟到) his lecture. 8. The price of beer____________(从50美分到4美元不等) per liter during the summer season. 9.We’d like __________________(预订一张餐桌) five for dinner this evening. 10. There’s a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means____________(想找麻烦). 244