新目标英语（九年级）复习讲义
快要告别寒假，快要告别长假，快要告别地震带给我们的食不安胃、睡不安寝的惨状，带着新的憧憬，我们又迎来了充满希望和挑战的新学年。
新学年即将开始，对我们来说，有意义的不是沉浸在昨天的回忆中，而是更多地思考如何不断地完善和提高自己。新学年开始之际，我送给大家三句话：
第一句话：认识自我，对自己说：“我能行！”
在生活中，我们获得的每一滴成功，遭受的每一次挫折，似乎都要经过放大镜，进入父母、老师的心底。我们每一点进步，每一个成长，无不受到大家默默的关注和赞赏。面对这般关爱，我们能说：“我不行吗？”
有人说：“说你行，不行也行；说你不行，行也不行。”这是一种信心上的心理暗示，会对我们的学习、生活产生重要的影响。我们每个人都是一个独特的生命个体，没有人能替代我们，我们应该勇敢地对自己说：“我能行！”这是心灵对生命的允诺，是我们前行的力量。
第二句：锻炼自我，对自己说：“让人们因我的存在而感到幸福！”
在我们的学习、生活中，肯定有快乐和烦恼的交织，肯定有喝彩与孤独的交响，肯定有理想与现实的交战。“不以物喜，不以己悲”理应成为我们现代人追求的境界。“与同学交往要讲信用，与别人交流要真诚”，这些名言警句，理应时时吟诵，铭记在心，并努力践行。
俗话说得好“一辈子同学三辈子亲”，如果说相逢是一首歌，相处就是一出铿锵激昂的交响乐，就让我们的师生、我们的校园、我们的花草树木、我们的板凳书桌，共同演奏这人生的伟大乐章！让我们大声说“让人们因我的存在而感到幸福”！
第三句话：提升自我，对自己说：“真正的学习是自觉学习。”
伟大的教育家苏霍姆林斯基，用三十余年的躬亲实践，领悟出了一条极为朴素的真理，那就是“真正的教育是自我教育”。正如“没有比人更高的山，没有比脚更长的路”，路就在我们自己的脚下，命运就在我们自己的手中。所以，我想对同学们说：“真正的学习是自觉学习。”
让我们自觉地用勤奋与奋斗来赢得希望与收获；用纪律与约束赢得理智与自由；用汗水与泪水赢得练达与成熟；用拼搏与超越赢得成功与辉煌。
只有赢在起点，信心才能不断飞跃；只有笑到最后，生命才会光辉灿烂。
Unit 1
一、知识点
1.Check in : 在旅馆的登记入住。Check out: 在旅馆结账离开。
2.by: ①通过…..方式（途径）。例：I learn English by listening to tapes.
②在…..旁边。例：by the window by the door
③乘坐交通工具例：by bus by car
④在……之前，到……为止。例：by October在10月前
⑤被例：English is spoken by many people.
3.how与what的区别：
?how通常对方式或程度提问，意思有：怎么样如何，通常用来做状语、表语。
?what通常对动作的发出者或接受者提问，意思为什么，通常做宾语、主语。
①How is your summer holiday? It?s OK.(how表示程度做表语) ②How did you travel around the world? I travel by air.
③What do you learn at school? I learn English, math and many other subjects.
①What…think of…? How…like…?你认为……怎么样？
②What…do with…? How…deal with…?怎样处理……？
③What…like about…?How…like…?……是怎样的？
④What?s the weather like today?=How?s the weather today?今天的天气怎么样？
⑤What to do? 做什么How to do it? 怎样做它? （此句型是“疑问词+不定式动词”结构）
e.g. What do you think of this book?=How do you like this book?
what I should do with how I should deal with it.
What do you like about China?=How do you like China?
I don?t know what to do next step?=I don?t know how to do it next step?
㊣What good / bad weather it is today!（weather为不可数名词，其前不能加 a ）
㊣What a fine / bad day it is today! （day为可数名词，其前要加 a ）
?4. aloud, loud与loudly的用法: 三个词都与"大声"或"响亮"有关。
①aloud是副词,重点在出声能让人听见,但声音不一定很大,常用在读书或说话上。通常放在动词之后。aloud没有比较级形式。如: He read the story aloud to his son.他朗读那篇故事给他儿子听。
② loud可作形容词或副词。用作副词时,常与speak, talk, laugh等动词连用,多用于比较级,须放在动词之后。
如: She told us to speak a little louder. 她让我们说大声一点。
③loudly是副词,与loud同义,有时两者可替换使用,但往往含有令人讨厌或打扰别人的意思,可位于动词之前或之后。如: He does not talk loudly or laugh loudly in public. 他不当众大声谈笑。
?5. voice 指人的嗓音也指鸟鸣。
sound 指人可以听到的各种声音。
noise 指噪音、吵闹声noisy adj. 喧闹的,嘈杂的noisily adv. 喧闹地,嘈杂地
?6. find + 宾语+ 宾补（名词形容词介词短语分词等）
例：I find him friendly.（形容词作宾补）I found him working in the garden.（现在分词作宾补）We found him in bed.（介词短语作宾补）He found the window closed.（过去分词作宾补）
We found her honest. （形容词作宾补）
?7. get + 宾语+宾补（形容词过去分词动词不定式）使某种情况发生
例：Get the shoes clean. 把鞋擦干净Get Mr. Green to come. 让格林先生进来
I want to get my bike repaired. 我想去修自行车You can?t get him waiting. 你不能让他老等着
?8. 常见的系动词有：【系动词后多接形容词】
①是：am 、is、are
②保持：keep、stay
③转变：become、get、turn
④ ……起来feel（感觉起来）look（看起来）smell（闻起来）taste（尝起来）sound（听起来）
?9. 动词不定式做定语
①与所修饰的名词构成主谓关系The next train to arrive was from New York. He is always the first to come.
②与所修饰的名词构成动宾关系I have nothing to say. I need a pen to write with.
I need some paper to write on. I don?t have a room to live in.
10. practice , fun 做名词为不可数名词
?11. add 补充说、又说、继续说；加、增加
?add ... to ... 把......加到......中去；往......中加...... 如：If you add 4 to 6, you get 10. 4加6等于10。
?add ... up 表示"把......加起来"；add up to ... 则表示"加起来总和为......"。
如：Can you add these ten figures up? 你能把这十个数字加起来吗?
All these figures add up to 5,050. 所有这些数字加起来总和为5,050
?add to表示"增加；增添"
?12、join 加入某团体并成为其中一员
attend 出席参加会议或讲座
join in=take part in指参加到某项活动中去。
13.all、both、always以及every复合词与not连用构成部分否定。其完全否定为：all－none, both－neither, everything－nothing, everybody－nobody.
?14. be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做……如：be afraid of being alone
be afraid to do sth. 害怕做……
be afraid that恐怕、担心，表示委婉语气
?15.either：①放在否定句末表示“也”
②两者中的“任一”
③either…or…或者…或者.…引导主语部分，谓语动词按照就近原则
https://www.doczj.com/doc/2314944611.html,plete完成、完整，是个较正式的词，后不能接动名词
finish指日常事物的完成finish doing sth 完成做……
?17.a,an 与序数词连用表示“又一”，“再一”。
例：Please give me a second apple. There comes a fifth girl.
?18.have trouble (in) doing….. 干…..遇到麻烦have difficult (in) doing….. 干…..遇到困难
have problem (in) doing….. 干…..遇到问题
?19.unless 除非，如果不，等于“if…not”本身就表示否定，引导条件状语从句，主句为将来时，条件状语从句用一般现在时表示将来。
例：My baby sister doesn?t cry unless she?s hungry. =My baby sister doesn?t cry if she isn?t hungry.
Unless you take more care, you?ll have an accident.如果你不多加小心的话，你会出事的。
? 20.instead: adv. 代替，更换。
例：We have no coffee, would you like tea instead？我们没有咖啡了,改喝茶好吗？
It will take days by car, so let?s fly instead.开车去要好几天呢，咱们还是坐飞机吧。
Tom was ill, so I went instead.汤姆病了，所以换了我去。
instead of doing sth. 作为某人或某事物的替换
例：Let?s play cards instead of watching TV.
We sometimes eat rice instead of potatoes.
Give me the red one instead of the green one.
?21.spoken 口头的，口语的。如：spoken English 口头英语
speaking 讲话的，说某种语言的。Speaking skills讲英语的能力
?22. 提建议的句子：
①What/ how about +doing sth.? 如：What/ How about going shopping?
②Why don?t you + do sth.? 如：Why don?t you go shopping?
③Why not + do sth. ? 如：Why not go shopping?
④Let?s + do sth. 如：Let?s go shopping
⑤Shall we/ I + do sth.? 如：Shall we/ I go shopping?
23. a lot 许多常用于句末如：I eat a lot. 我吃了许多。
?24. too…to 太…而不能常用的句型too+adj./adv. + to do sth.
如：I?m too tired to say anything. 我太累了，什么都不想说。
?25.not …at all = not…in the slightest一点也不根本不
如：I like milk very much. I don?t like coffee at all. 我非常喜欢牛奶。我一点也不喜欢咖啡。
not经常可以和助动词结合在一起，at all 则放在句尾
?26.get excited about sth.=be excited about doing sth.= be excited to do sth. 对…感兴奋
如：I get excited about going to Beijing.=I am excited to go to Beijing. 我对去北京感到兴奋。
?27. ① end up doing sth 终止做某事，结束做某事如：The party ended up singing. 晚会以唱歌而结束。
② end up with sth. 以…结束如：The party ended up with her singing. 晚会以她的歌唱而告终。
28. first of all 首先
. to begin with 一开始
later on 后来、随
?29. also 也、而且（用于肯定句）常在句子的中间
either 也（用于否定句）常在句末
too 也(用于肯定句) 常在句末=as well
?30. make mistakes 犯错如：I often make mistakes. 我经常犯错。
make a mistake 犯一个错误如：I have made a mistake. 我已经犯了一个错误。
mistake sb. for …把……错认为……I mistook him for his brother.我错把他认成了他的哥哥。
make mistakes (in) doing sth. 在干某事方面出错
by mistake 错误地、由于搞错
mistake－mistook－mistaken
?31. laugh at sb. 笑话；取笑（某人）如：Don?t laugh at me!不要取笑我!
?32. take notes =write down the notes做笔记，做记录
?33. enjoy doing sth . 喜欢做…乐意做… 如：She enjoys playing football. 她喜欢踢足球。
enjoy oneself 过得愉快如：He enjoyed himself. 他过得愉快。
34. native speaker 说本族语的人
?35. one of +(the+ 形容词比较级)+名词复数形式…其中之一
如：She is one of the most popular teachers. 她是最受欢迎的教师之一。
?36. It?s +形容词+(for sb. ) to do sth. (对于某人来说)做某事…句中的it 是形式主语,真正的主语是动词不定式如：It?s difficult (for me ) to s tudy English.对于我来说学习英语太难了。
? 37. practice doing 练习做某事如：She often practice speaking English. 她经常练习说英语。
?38.decide：[di'said] vt.＆vi.决定，决心。名词形式为decision
decide to do sth. 决定做某事如：LiLei has decided to go to BeiJing . 李雷已经决定去北京。
?39. deal with =do with处理如：I dealt with a lot of problem.
?40. worry about sb./ sth. = be担心某人/ 某事
如：Mother worried about his son just now. 妈妈刚才担心他的儿子。
?41. be angry with sb. 对某人生气如：I was angry with her. 我对她生气。
42. perhaps =maybe 也许
?43. go by (时间) 过去如：Two years went by. 两年过去了。Time goes by. 时间流逝
?44. see sb. doing sth 看见某人正在做某事强调正在发生
see sb. do sth 看见某人在做某事如：She saw him drawing a picture in the classroom.她看见他正在教室里画画。
45. each other 彼此
?46. regard… as … 把…看作为…. 如：The boys regarded Anna as a fool. 这些男孩把安娜看成傻瓜。
?47. too many许多修饰可数名词如：too many girls
too much许多修饰不可数名词如：too much milk
much too太修饰形容词如：much too beautiful
?48. change…into…将…变为…如：The magician changed the pen into a book. 这个魔术师将这本书变为一本书。?49. with the help of sb. =with one?s help 在某人的帮助下
如：with the help of LiLei == with LiLei?s help 在李雷的帮助下
?50. compare A to B把…与…相比
如：Compare you to Anna, you are lucky.你和安娜相比，你是幸运的。
二、短语：
1.by making flashcards 通过做单词抽认卡
2. ask…for help 向某人求助
3.read aloud 朗读
4.that way =in that way 通过那种方式
5.improve my speaking skills 提高我的会话技巧
6.for example =for instance例如
7.have fun 玩得高兴8.have conversations with friends 与朋友对话
9.get excited 高兴，激动10.end up speaking in Chinese 以说汉语结束对话
11.do a survey about… 做有关…的调查12.keep an English notebook 记英语笔记
13.spoken English = oral English英语口语14.make mistakes 犯错误
15.get the pronunciation right 使发音准确16.practice speaking English 练习说英语
17.first of all 首先18.begin with 以…开始
https://www.doczj.com/doc/2314944611.html,ter on随后20.in class在课堂上
https://www.doczj.com/doc/2314944611.html,ugh at 嘲笑22.take notes 记笔记
23.enjoy doing 喜欢干… 24.write down 写下，记下25.look up (v + adv) 查找，查询26.native speakers 说本族话的人
27.make up 编造，虚构，化妆，打扮28.around the world=all over the world 全世界
29.deal with 对待，处理，解决30.worry about=be worried about担心，担忧
31.be angry with = stay angry with sb 生某人的气33.go by 消逝
34. regard…as… 把…当做…https://www.doczj.com/doc/2314944611.html,plain about/of 抱怨
36. change…into… 把…变成… （= turn into）37.with the help of 在…的帮助下
38. compare…to (with)… 把…和…作比较39.think of (think about) 想起，想到
40.physical problems身体上的问题41.break off 中断，突然终止
三、句子
1.How do you study for a test? 你怎样为考试做准备？
2.I have learned a lot that way. 用那种方法，我已经学到了很多东西。
3.It?s too hard to understand the voice. 听懂那些声音太难了。
4.Memorizing the words of pop songs also helped a little.记流行歌曲的词也起作用。
5. Wei Ming feels differently. 卫明有不同的感受。
6.He finds watching movies frustrating. 他觉得看电影让人感到沮丧.
7.She added that having conversations with friends was not helpful at all. 她又说和朋友对话根本没用。
8.I don?t have a partner to practice English with. 我没有搭档一起练习英语。
https://www.doczj.com/doc/2314944611.html,ter on, I realized that it doesn?t matter if you don?t understand every word.随后，我认识到听不懂每个词并没有关系。
10.It?s amazing how much this helped. 我惊异于这些方法竟如此有用。
11.My teacher is very impressed. 给老师留下了深刻的印象。
12.She had trouble making complete sentences. 她很难造出完整的句子。
13.What do you think you are doing? 你在做什么？
14.Most people speak English as a second language. 英语对于大多数人来说是第二语言。
15.How do we deal with our problem? 我们怎样处理我们的问题？
16.It is our duty to try our best to deal with each challenge in our education with the help of our teachers. 在老师的帮助下
尽我们最大的努力来应对挑战是我们的责任。
17.He can?t walk or even speak.他无法走路，甚至无法说话
Unit 2
一、知识点
?1. used to 过去常常做某事,暗指现在已经不存在的动作或状态. 后跟动词原形. used to do sth.
? There used to b e ….（反意疑问句）didn?t there?
?否定形式为: didn?t use to 或usedn?t to
?疑问形式为: Did…use to…? 或Used…to…?
? be/get used to doing sth.习惯于, to 为介词.
?2. wear 穿表示状态. =be in +颜色的词
put on 表示动作.
dress sb.给某人穿衣服. dress oneself给某人自己穿衣服.
have on穿表示状态（不用于进行时态）
? 3. on the swim team on 是…的成员,在…供职.
?4. Don?t you remember me? 否定疑问句.（考点）
Yes, I do. 不, 我记得. No, I don?t 是的, 我不记得了.
? 5. 反意疑问句:
①陈述部分的主语为this, that, 疑问部分主语用it; 陈述部分主语用these, those, 疑问部分用they 做主语.
例: This is a new story, isn?t it?
Those are your parents, aren?t they?
②陈述部分是there be 结构, 疑问部分仍用there
例: There was a man named Paul, wasn?t there?
③ I am 后的疑问句, 用aren’t I
例: I am in Class 2, aren?t I?
④陈述部分与含有not, no, never, few, little, hardly, seldom, neither, none 等词时,疑问部分用肯定.
例: Few people liked this movie, didn?t they?
?但陈述句中若带有否定前缀或后缀的单词时, 这个句子仍视为肯定, 后面仍用否定.
例: Your sister is unhappy, isn?t she?
⑤陈述部分的主语若为不定式或V-ing 短语, 疑问部分主语用it.
例: To spend so much money on clothes is unnecessary, isn?t it?
⑥陈述句中主语是nobody, no one, everyone, everybody 等指人的不定代词时,疑问部分用they做主语; 若陈述部
分主语是something, anything, noting, everything 等指事物的不定代词时, 疑问部分用it 做主语.
例: Nobody says one word about the accident, do they?
Everything seems perfect, doesn?t it?
⑦当主语是第一人称I时, 若谓动为think, believe, guess 等词时, 且其后跟宾丛,这时疑问句部分的人称, 时态要与
宾语从句保持一致, 同时还要考虑否定转移.
例: I don?t think he can finish the work in time, can he?
⑧前面是祈使句, 后用will you? (let’s 开头时, 后用shall we?)
?6. be terrified of = be afraid of 害怕……
?7. miss: ①思念, 想念例: I really miss the old days.
②错过, 未中, 未赶上, 未找到.
例: It?s a pity that you miss the bus.
The boy shot at the goal, but missed.
? 8. no more (用在句中)=not…any more (用在句尾) 指次数;
no longer (用在句中)= not…any longer (用在句尾) 指时间. 多与延续性动词连用
? 9. right: ① adj. 正确的, 右边的② n. 右方, 权利③ adv. 直接地.
10. It seems that Yu Mei has changed a lot. = Y u Mei seems to have changed a lot.
? 11. afford + n. /pron. 支付做某物afford to do sth 支付做……常与can, be able to 连用.
例: Can you afford a new car ?
The film couldn?t afford to pay such large salaries.
? 12. as well as 连词, 不但…而且… 强调前者. (若引导主语, 谓动与前者在人称和数上一致例: Living things need air and light as well as water. 生命不仅需要水, 还需要空气和阳光.
I as well as they am ready to help you. 不仅是他们, 我也愿意帮助你.
? 13. alone = by oneself 独自一人. lonely 孤独的, 寂寞的.
? 14. in the last/past + 一段时间
during the last/past + 一段时间与现在完成时连用.
?15. die (v.) dead (adj.) death (n.) dying (垂死的)
16. play the piano弹钢琴
?17. ①be/ become interested in sth. 对…感兴趣
如:He is interested in math, but he isn?t interested in speaking English.他对数学感兴趣,但是他对说英语不感兴趣。
②be interested in doing sth. 对做…感兴趣
③show great interest in 在……方面产生极大的兴趣
④a place of interest 一处名胜some places of interest
⑤ interested adj. 感兴趣的，指人对某事物感兴趣，往往主语是人
⑥ interesting adj.有趣的，指某事物/某人具有趣味，主语往往是物
⑦ an interesting man 一个有趣的人
? 18. 害怕… be terrified of sth. 如：I am terrified of the dog.
be terrified of doing sth. 如：I am terrified of speaking.
? 19. on 副词，表示（电灯、电视、机械等）在运转中/打开，其反义词off. 如：with the light on 灯开着
? 20. walk to somewhere 步行到某处walk to school 步行到学校
?21.spend 动词，表示“花费金钱、时间”
①spend…on sth. 在某事上花费（金钱、时间）如：He spends too much time on clothes. 他花费太多的时间在衣着
②spend…doing sth. 花费（金钱、时间）去做某事
如：He spend 3 months building the bridge.他花费了三个月去建这座桥。
③pay for 花费如：I pay 10 yuan for the book. 我花了10元买这本书。
④take动词有“花费”的意思常用的结构有：It take(s) sb.…to do sth.
如：It takes me a day to read the book.
? 22. chat with sb. 与某人闲聊如：I like to chat with him. 我喜欢和他聊天。
?23. worry about sb./ sth. 担心某人/某事worry 是动词
be worried about sb./sth. 担心某人/某事worried 是形容词
如：Do n?t worry about him. 不用担心他。Mother is worried about her son. 妈妈担心他的儿子。
24. all the time 一直、始终
? 25. take sb. to + 地方送/带某人去某个地方如：
A person took him to the hospital. 一个人把他送到了医院。
Lui took me home. 刘把我送回了家。(home 的前面不能用to)
? 26. hardly adv. 几乎不、没有hard 困难的；猛烈地hardly ever 很少
? hardly 修饰动词时，通常放在助动词、情态动词之后，实义
动词之前助动词/情态动词＋hardly 如：I can hardly understand them. 我几乎不能够明白他们。
hardly + 实义动词如：I hardly have time to do it. 我几乎没有时间去做了。
It rains hard outside, I could hardly go out.外面下着大雨，你不要出去了。?27.in the last few years. 在过去的几年内常与完成时连用
如：I have lived in China in the last few years. 在过去的几年内我在中国住。
? 28. be different from 与…不同be the same as 与……相同
? 29.how to swim 怎样游泳不定式与疑问词连用：动词不定式可以和what, which, how, where, when 等引导的疑问句连用，构成不定式短语。
如：The question is when to start. 问题是什么时候开始。I don?t know where to go. 我不知道去哪。
? 30. make sb./ sth. + 形容词make you happy
make sb./ sth. + 动词原形make him laugh
? 31. move to +地方搬到某地如：I moved to Beijing last year.
? 32.It seems that +从句看起来好像……如：It seems that he has changed a lot. 看起来他好像变了许多。
? 33. help sb. with sth. 帮某人某事如：She helped me with English.她帮助我学英语。
help sb. (to ) do sth. 帮某人做某事如：She helped me (to) study English。她帮助我学习英语。
? 34. fifteen-year-old 作形容词15岁的
fifteen-year-olds 作名词指15岁的人如：Fifteen-year-olds like to sing. 15岁的人喜欢唱歌。
fifteen years old 指年龄15岁如：I am fifteen years old . 我是15岁。
a fifteen-year-old boy一个15岁的男孩
35.支付不起… can?t /couldn?t afford to do sth.
can?t / couldn?t affo rd sth.
如：I can?t/couldn?t afford to buy the car.
I can?t/couldn?t afford the car. 我买不起这个辆小车。
36. as + 形容词./副词＋as sb. could/can 尽某人的…能力如：
Zhou run as fast as her could/can. 她尽她最快的能力去跑。
37. get into trouble with 遇到麻烦
38. in the end 最后
39. make a decision 下决定下决心
40. to one?s surprise 令某人惊讶如：
to their surprise令他们惊讶to LiLei?s surprise令李雷惊讶
41. take pride in sth. 以…而自豪如：
His father always take pride in him. 他的爸爸总是以他而自豪
42. pay attention to sth. 对…注意，留心如：
You must pay attention to your friend. 你应该多注意你的朋友。
43. be able to do sth. 能做某事如：
She is able to do it. 她能够做到。44. give up doing sth. 放弃做某事如：
My father has given up smoking. 我爸爸已经放弃吸烟了。
复合句与简单句的转化：
①when ------ at the age of …
②so…that…----- too… to…. / enough to …
③so that…------ in order to do sth.
④because…----- because of…
⑤if ….----- without / with…
⑥if…----- 祈使句+ and / or + 简单句
⑦宾语从句----特殊疑问词+动词不定式
⑧be afraid
be sure that +从句---- 动词不定式
be sorry
⑨It seems / seemed that sb….------ sb. seems / seemed to do sth.
⑩Sb. hopes / hoped that ….-------sb. hopes / hoped to do sth.
二、短语
1. be more interested in 对…更感兴趣.
2. on the swim team 游泳队的队员.
3. be terrified of 害怕.
4. gym class 体操课.
5. worry about. 担心.
6. all the time 一直, 总是
7. chat with 与…闲聊
8. hardly ever 几乎从不
9. walk to school = go to school on foot
take the bus to school = go to school by bus
10. as well as 不仅…而且
11. get into trouble 遇到麻烦
12. make a decision 做出决定
13. to one?s surprise 使某人吃惊的是
14. take pride in 为…感到骄傲
15. pay attention to 留心, 注意
16. consist of 由…组成/构成. be made up of 由…组成/构成.
17. instead of 代替, 而不是
18. in the end 最后, 终于
19. play the piano 弹钢琴
三、句子
1.I used to be afraid of the dark. 我以前害怕黑暗.
2.I go to sleep with my bedroom light on. 我开着卧室的灯睡觉.
3.I used to spend a lot of time playing games with my friends. 以前我常常花很多时间和我的朋友们玩游戏.
4.I hardly ever have time for concerts. 我几乎没有时间去听音乐会.
5.My life has changed a lot in the last few years.
6.It will make you stressed out. 那会使你紧张的.
7.It seems that Yu Mei has changed a lot. 玉梅似乎变化很大.
Unit 3
一、知识点
①英语有两种语态：主动语态和补动语态
主动语态表示是动作的执行者
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者
Cats eat fish. （主动语态）猫吃鱼。
Fish is eaten by cats.(被动语态)鱼被猫吃。
②被动语态的构成
由“助动词be ＋及物动词的过去分词”构成
助动词be 有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与be 作为连系动词时完全一样。
时态被动语态结构例句
一般现在时am
are +过去分词
is
English is spoken in many
countries.
一般过去时was +过去分词
were + 过去分词
This bridge was built in
1989.
情态动词can/should
may +be+过去分词
must/……
The work must be done right
now.
③被动语态的用法
当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者，或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态。
2. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事（主动语态）如：
Mother allows me to watch TV every night. 妈妈允许我每晚看电视。
be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事（被动语态）如：
LiLy is allowed to go to Qinzhou. 莉莉被允许去钦州。
3. get their ears pierced 穿耳洞
让/使（别人）做某事get sth. done(过去分词)
have sth. done 如：
I get my car repaired. == I have my car repaired. 我让别人修好我的车
I want to have my hair cut. 我要理发.
4. enough 足够
形容词＋enough 如：beautiful enough足够漂亮
enough＋名词如：enough food 足够食物
enough to 足够…去做…如：
I have enough money to go to Beijing. 我有足够的钱去北京。
She is old enough to go to school.她够大去读书了。
5. stop doing sth. 停止做某事Please stop speaking.请停止说话。
stop to do sth. 停止下来去做某事Please stop to speak. 请停下来说话。
6. 看起来好像…sb. seem to do sth. = It seems that +从句
He seems to feel very sad.
It seems that he feels very sad. 他看起来好像很伤心。
7.倒装句:
由so＋助动词(be/do/will/have)/情态动词＋主语意为：…也是一样
Neither/Nor + be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语(前为否定) 表示与前面所述事实一致.
She is a student. So am I.她是一个学生，我也是。
She went to school just now. So did I . 她刚才去学校了，我也是
She has finished the work. So have I . 她已经完成了工作,我也完成了。
She will go to school. So will he.她将去学校，他也是。
Tom can?t swim. Neither can John.
8. yet 仍然，还常用在否定句或疑问句当中可与although/though连用
9. stay up 熬夜如：I often stay up until 12:00pm.我经常熬夜到12点。
10. clean up 打扫整理如：
I have cleaned up the bedroom. 我已经打扫完了卧室。
11. 程度副词：
always总是usually经常sometimes有时never从不
如：I am always/usually/sometimes/never late for school.
我总是/经常/有时/从不上学迟到。
12. 曾经做某事：
Do you ever get to school late? Yes, I do. No, I don?t.
Have you ever got to school la te? Yes, I have. No, I haven?t.
13. go shopping(去购物), go fishing(去钓鱼)
go swimming(去游泳), go boating(去划船)
go hiking(去登山), go trekking(去徒步)
14. .be strict with+人. be strict in+事物.
例: The head teacher is strict with his students
He is strict in the work.
15. take the test 参加考试
pass the test 通过考试fail a test 考试失败
16. the other day前几天,不久前的一天.(用于过去时)
every other day = every two days 每隔一天（每两天）
17. agree 同意反义词disagree不同意动词
agreement 同意反义词disagreement 不同意名词
18. keep sb/ sth. ＋形容词使某人/某物保持….如：
We should keep our city clean.（cleaningⅹ）我们应该保持我们的城市干净。
Don?t keep me waiting for a long time.别让我等得太久。
19. both…and…+动词复数形式
如：Both Jim and Li Ming play bastketball.
20. learn (sth.) from sb. 向谁学习(什么) 如：
Jim learnt English from his English teacher. 吉姆向他的英语老师学习英语21. have an opportunity to do sth. 有机会做某事
have a chance of doing sth. 有机会做某事
如：I have an opportunity to go to Beijing. I have a chance of going to Beijing.
22. at present 目前
23. at least 最少at most 最多
24. 花费take ,cost, spend , pay
It take (sb.) time to do sth. It took (me) 10days to read the book.
sth. cost (sb.) …… The book cost (me) 100yuan.
sb. spend … on sth. She spent 10days on this book.
sb. spend …doing sth. Sh e spent 10days reading this book.
sb. pay … for sth. She paid 10yuan for this book.
25. have +时间段+off 放假，休息如：have 2 days off
off 不工作,不上班,不上学,不值班.
例: I think I?ll take the afternoon off. 我想下午歇班.
She is off today. 她今天休息.
I have three days off next week. 下周我有三天假.
They haven?t had a day off since last week. 从上周来,他们没休息过一天.
26. reply to 答复某人如：She replayed to MrGreen.
27. agree with sth. 同意某事如：I agree with that idea.
agree to sb. 同意某人的意见如：I agree to LiLei.
28. get in the way of 碍事，妨碍如：
Her social life got in the way of her studies. 她的社会生活妨碍了她的学习。29. success n. succeed v. successful adj. successfully adv. 30. think about 与think of 的区别
①当两者译为：认为、想起、记着时，两者可互用
I often think about/ of that day. 我经常想起那天。
②think about 还有“考虑”之意，think of 想到、想出时两者不能互用
At last, he thought of a good idea. 最后他想出了一个好主意。
We are thinking about going Qinzhou. 我们正在考虑去钦州。
31. 对… 热衷，对…兴趣
be serious about doing 如：She is serious about dancing. 她对跳舞热衷。
be serious about sth. 如：She is serious about him. 她对他感兴趣。
32. practice doing 练习做某事She often practice speaking English.
33. care about sb. 关心某人如：Mother often care about her son.
34. also 也用于句中
either也用于否定句且用于句末
too=as well 也用于肯定句且用于句末
I am also a student. 我也是一个学生
I am a student too. 我也是一个学生。
I am not a student either. 我也不是一个学生。
35.allow sb to do sth 允许某人做… allow doing sth 允许做…
36.stupid silly foolish 三个词都有“蠢”的意思.但略有不同.stupid 程度最强,指智力理解力学习能力差. silly 指头脑简单,傻头傻脑,使人觉得可笑,带有感情色彩. foolish 尤其在口语中广泛使用.
例: He is stupid in learning math. 他学习数学很笨.
Stop asking such silly questions. 别再问这样傻的问题了.
You are foolish to throw away such a good chance.
你真蠢,丢掉这样一个好机会.
37.He doesn?t seem to have many friends.
=It seems that he doesn?t have many friends.
=He seems not to have many friends.
38.clean (v.) 打扫,清理
clean up 比较彻底地打扫,清理clean out 打扫,清理地最彻底.
39.concentrate on… 全神贯注做…
例: He decided to concentrate on physics because he failed the exam.
This company concentrates on China market.
这家公司把重点放在中国市场上.
40. more…than…①与其说…不如说…; 比…更…
例: The man is more stupid than nervous.
与其说那人紧张,倒不如说他愚蠢.
②在这一结构中,more做adj. 修饰名词,表示“比…多”
例:I have more books than you. 我的书比你的多.
41.volunteer ① n. 自愿者. ② v. volunteer to do sth. 自愿做…
例: We all volunteered to hel p in the old people?s home.
我们都志愿到敬老院帮忙.
42. get in the way (of)... 妨碍...
例: He never gets in others? way. 他从不妨碍别人.
The bikes over there will get in the way of others. 自行车放在那里会妨碍别人的.
43. success (n.) successful (adj.) succeed (v.)
44. only 处于句首,并后跟状语时,全句需要倒装.
例: Only then did he understand it. 只有到那时,他才明白.
Only in this way can we learn English well. 只有这样我们才能把英语学好.
Only when she came home, did he learn the news. 当她到家时,他才得知了这消息.
45. care about 关心,在乎,在意.
例: No one cares about others nowadays. 现在没人关心别人.
I don?t care about what he does. 我并不在意他干什么.
二、短语
1. be allowed to do sth 被允许干…
allow sb to do sth 允许某人干…
allow doing sth 允许干…
2. sixteen-year-olds = sixteen-year-old boys and girls 16岁的孩子
3. part-time jobs 兼职工作
4. a driver?s license 驾照
5. on weekends 在周末
6. at that age 在那个年龄段
7. on school nights 在上学期间的每个晚上
8. stay up 熬夜
9. clean up (相当与及物动词) 清扫
10. fail (in) a test 考试不及格
11. take the test 参加考试
12. the other day 前几天
13. all my classmates 我所有的同学
14. concentrate on 全神贯注于
15. be good for 对…有益
16. in groups 成群的,按组的
17. get noisy 吵闹(系表结构)
18. learn from 向某人学习
19. at present 目前,现在20. have an opportunity to do sth 有做…的机会
21.English-English dictionary 英英词典
22. at least 至少
23.eight hours? sleep a night 每晚8小时的睡眠
24. an old people?s home 敬老院
25. take time to do sth 花费时间干…
26. primary schools 小学
27. have…off 放假,休息
28. reply to 回答,答复
29. get in the way of 妨碍
30. a professional athlete 职业运动员
31. achieve one?s dreams 实现梦想
32. think about 思考,考虑
33. in the end 最后,终于
34. be serious about 对…热忠/极感兴趣
35. spend…on + n. spend …(in) + v-ing 在…上花费时间/金钱
36. care about 关心,担心,在乎
37. agree with 同意…
三.句子
1. I don?t think twelve-year-olds should be allowed to get their ears pierced. 我认为不应该允许12岁的孩子穿耳孔.
2.They talk instead of doing homework. 他们聊天而不是做作业.
3.He is allowed to stay up until 11:00 pm. 允许他们熬到晚上11点.
4.We should be allowed to take time to do things like that more often.
我们应该被允许更加经常的花些时间多做这类事情.
5.What school rules do you think should be changed?
你认为学校的哪些制度应该改一改了?
6.The two pairs of jeans both look good on me.
这两条牛仔裤穿在我身上都适合.
7.The classroom is a real mess. 教室太脏了.
8.Should I be allowed to make my own decisions?
9.Only then will I have a chance of achieving my dream.
只有这样我才能实现我的梦想.
10.They should be allowed to practice their hobbies as much as they want.
应该允许他们对业余爱好想练多长时间就练多长时间.
11.We have nothing against running. 我们没有理由反对他跑步.
Unit 4
一、知识点
1. if 引导的非真实性条件状语从句即虚拟语气
通过动词形式的变化来表示说话人对发生的动作或存在的状态
所持的态度或看法的动词形式称为语气，虚拟语气表示说话人所说的
话不是事实，而是一种祝愿，建议或是与事实相反的假设等。
If 引导的条件状语从句分为真实和非真实条件句，非真实条件
句应用虚拟语气。如果要表示与现在或将来事实相反时，其虚拟语气结构为：
句型条件从句主句
谓语动词形式动词过去式(be动词一律
用were)
would+动词原形
即：(从句)if +主语+动词过去式(be 动词用were), 一般过去时
(主句) 主语+would+动词原形过去将来时
如：If I had time, I would go for a walk.
如果我有时间，我就会去散步。(事实上我现在没有时间)
If I were you, I would take an umbrella.
假如我是你的话，我会带上雨伞。(事实上我不是你)
I would say no if someone asked me to be in a movie.
假如有人请我当电影演员，我会表示拒绝。(事实上瑞没有人请我当电影演员) 2. pretend to do sth. 假装做某事I pretended to sleep just now.
pretend to be doing sth. 假装正在干某事
The students pretended to be writing when the teacher came in.
pretend +从句假装… I pretended that I fell asleep.
3. be late for 迟到如：
I am late for work/ school/ class/ party.
4. a few 与a little 的区别，few 与little 的区别
? a few 一些修饰可数名词
a little 一些修饰不可数名词两者表肯定意义
如：He has a few friends. 他有一些朋友。
There is a little sugar in the bottle. 在瓶子里有一些糖。
? few 少数的修饰可数名词
little 少数的修饰不可数名词但两者表否定意义
如：He has few friends. 他没有几个朋友。
There is little sugar in the bottle.在瓶子里没有多少糖。
5. hundred, thousand , million, billion (十亿)词前面有数词或several
一词时要不能加s ，反之，则要加s 并与of 连用，表示数量很
多如：several hundred/ thousand/ million/ billion people
几百/千/百万/十亿人hundreds of trees 上百棵树
8. what if + 从句如果…怎么办，要是… 又怎么样如：
What if she doesn?t come? 要是她不来怎么办？
What if LiLei knows? 如果李雷知道了怎么办？
9. add sth. to sth. 添加…到…
如：I added some sugar to water. 我把糖添加到水里。
10. 系动词与形容词连用get nervous 变得紧张
feel shy 觉得害羞look friendly 看起来友好
11. too +形/副+to do sth. 太…而不能如：
I?m too tired to stand. 我太累了而不能站。
12. help with sth. 如：They help with this problem.
help sb. do. 如：They help you relax. 他们帮助你放松
13. in public 在公共场所如:
Don?t smoke in public. 请不要在公共场所吸烟。
14. energetic adj. 活力的如：She is a energetic girl. 她是一个活力的女孩。
energy n. 活力如：She has lots of energies. 她有活力。
15. ask sb. to do 叫…做某事
ask sb. not to do sth.叫…不要做某事
tell sb. to do 告诉…做某事
tell sb. not to do sth. 告诉…不要做某事
如：Teacher asked me to clean the classroom.
Teacher asked me not to clean the classroom.
16. start doing == start to do. 开始做某事如：
He started speaking/ to speak. 他开始说话。
17. borrow sth. from sb. 从某人那里借来某物如：
I borrowed a book from Lily. 我从莉莉那里借来一本书。
18.wait for sb.等某人如：I am wait for him. 我正在等他。
19. introduce sb. to sb. 把某人介绍给某人如：
I introduced Lily to Anna. 我把莉莉介绍给安娜。
20. invite sb. to do 邀请某人做某事如：
Lily invited me to go to her home for supper. 莉莉邀请我去她家吃晚饭。
21. have dinner/ supper 吃晚饭
have lunch/ breakfast 吃午餐、吃早餐
22. plenty of 修饰不可数名词，也可以修饰可数名词许多如：
They have plenty of food/ apples. 他们有许多的食物/苹果。
23. 给某人某物give sth. to sb. 如：give an apple to me
give sb. sth. give me an apple 给我一个苹果
24. get along (with)=get on (with)
①进行，进展
The business is getting along very well. 生意进展的很顺利。
How are you getting along with your English study?
你的英语学习进展的怎么样了？
②相处
Do you get along with your boss?= Do you and your boss get along?
你跟老板合得来吗？
I?m getting along very well with my classmates. 我和同学们相处得很好。
25. would rather … than … （= would … rather than）宁愿，而不愿。
前后连接两个动词原形，否定形式为：would rather not do sth
①would rather … than … = prefer … to …
但prefer … to … 若连接两个动词，动词应为v-ing 形式。
He would rather jog than play football.
=He prefers jogging to playing football.
②would rather 常单独使用，表示“宁愿做…”
He would rather watch TV at home.
③rather than = instead of 而不是（连接两个并列成分，前后对称）。
I?d prefer to go to in summer rather than in winter.
I decided to write rather than telephone.
I like going out with you rather than with him.
She enjoys listening rather than speaking.
25. in fact 事实上
26. let sb. down 让某人失望如：
Don?t let your mother down. 不要让你的妈妈失望。
27. come up with sth. 提出想出
如：He came up with a good idea. 他提出了一个好主意。
catch up with sb. 追上赶上
如：Lily caught up with Anna. 莉莉赶上了安娜。
28. have experience doing 在做某事有经验如：
I have experience teaching Chinese. 我在教英语方面有经验。
29. come out 出版，出来
如：The magazine comes out once a week. 这种杂志每周出一次。
30. by accident 偶然地，无意之中如：
Last week I cut my finger by accident. 上个星期我不小心割到自己的手指。
31. hurry to do 匆忙… I hurry to call the police. 32. more than=over 超过
34. offer 提供offer sb sth 给××……
offer to sb sth 主动提出干……
35. ①give sb sth=give sth to sb
类似的词还有:pass、lend、show、write、send等
②buy sb sth=buy sth for sb
类似的词还有:make、draw、cook等
36.look for寻找find找到、发现
find out指经过观察、探索、调查等弄清楚、弄明白。
discover 指发现那些客观存在而不为人所知的实情。如科学上的重大发现。
37.bring 带来take 带走fetch 去并拿来
38.talk to/with sb 同××说话。
tell 告诉, 分辨，辨别。
speak to sb 同××说话，做及物动词，后跟语言。
say 后跟名词、代词及宾语从句做宾语，着重强调说话内容。
39.What if …… 如果……将会怎么样？（引导条件状语从句、疑问句）
What if she doesn?t come? 她要是不来怎么办？
What if your parent don?t agree? 如果你的父母不同意怎么办？
What if you should fall sick? 如果你生病了怎么办？
40.What does/do ×× look like? 问相貌。
What?s ×× like? 问“品质性格”。
41.give a speech 做演讲have a speech听演讲give a report 做报告
have a report 听报告
42.permission (n.) 允许，许可permit (v.) 允许
without permission 未经许可
43.plenty of 充足的，相当多的。修饰可数或不可数名词，只能用于肯定句。否定、疑问句中用enough.
44.not……in the slightest=not……at all 根本不
45.a little = a bit 修饰形容词、副词a little = a bit of 修饰不可数名词
46.the rest 其余的，可指代可数或不可数名词。The other(s) 只能指代可数名词
宾语从句：宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。
由连接词+ 主语+ 谓语构成
常由下面的一些词引导：
㈠由that 引导表示陈述意义that 可省略
He says (that) he is at home. 他说他在家里。
㈡由if , whether 引导表示一般疑问意义(带有是否、已否、对否等)
I don?t know if / whether Wei Hua likes fish. 我不知道韦华是否喜欢鱼。
㈢由连接代词、连接副词(疑问词) 引导表示特殊疑问意义
Do you know what he wants to buy? 你知道他想要买什么吗？
㈣从句时态要与主句一致
当主句是一般现在时，从句根据情况使用任何时态
He says (that ) he is at home. 他说他在家里。
I don?t know (that) she is singing now. 我不知道她正在唱歌。
She wants to know if I have finished my homework.
她想要知道我是否已经完成了我的作业。
Do you know when he will be back? 你知道他将会什么时候回来？
当主句是一般过去时，从句应使用过去某时态(一般过去时,过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时) He said (that) he was at home. 他说他在家里。
I didn?t know that she was singing now. 我不知道她正在唱歌。
She wanted to know if I had finished m homework.
她想要知道我是否已经完成了我的作业。
Did you know when he would be back? 你知道他将会什么时候回来？
二、短语
1、give it to charity 把它捐给慈善机构
2、medical research 医学研究
3、What if …… 如果…怎么样？
4、get nervous 紧张
5、take a big exam 参加大考
6、help with 有助于
7、in public 在公共场合
8、hardly ever 几乎不
9、the whole school 全校
10、without permission 为经许可
11、be(make) friends with 与…交朋友
12、ask one?s permission 请求××的允许
13、introduce…to… 把…介绍给…
14、invite…to do… 邀请…干…
15、social situations 社会环境
16、not… in the slightest 根本不，一点也不
17、right away 立刻，马上
18、all day 全天
19、be friendly to 对…友好
20、at lunch time 在午饭时间
21、a bit shy 有点害羞
22、English speech contest 英语演讲比赛23、represent the class 代表班级
24、come top 名列第一（前茅）
25、let … down 使…失望
26、come up with 提出、想出
27、be sure of + n./pron.
be sure to do 相信… be sure +that 从句
28、the rest of the students 其余的学生
29、have a lot of experience (in) doing sth 在做某事方面有经验
30、deal with 对付，处理
31、come out 出版
32、give advice on… 在…方面提出意见、建议
33、by accident 偶然地，无意之中
34、hurry to do sth 匆匆忙忙干…
35、an internet friend 网友
三、句子
1.He doesn?t know if he should bring a present. 他不知道是否该带礼物。
2.You shouldn?t worry about what other people say.
你不应该考虑别人说什么。
3.What will you do if you had a million dollars?
如果你有一百万美元，你会干什么？
4.If I were you, I …d take a small present.
如果我是你，我会带一个小礼物。
5.I?m too tired to do well.我太累了，没考好。
6.Dogs can be a lot of trouble.狗会带来很多麻烦。
7.What are you like? 你是什么样的人？
8.I?d invite him/her to have dinner at my house.
我会邀请他（她）到我家吃饭。
9.You enjoy the company of other people.你喜欢别人的陪伴。
10. I feel nervous talking in front of many people.
我在众人面前讲话时感到紧张。
11.She always comes top in the school exams.
她在学校的考试中总是名列前茅。
12.She doesn?t want to let her friends down.她不愿让朋友失望。
13.If I were you, I?ll get out of here.如果我是你，我会离开这里。
虚拟语气
一、词的语气
指我们平常说的说话人说话的口气。（在英语中，语气除了指语调以外，最主要的是通过动词发生变化而表示不同语
气）
英语中的语气分为三类：
陈述语气（用于陈述句、疑问句、感叹句）
祈使语气（用于祈使句）
虚拟语气（用于条件状语从句、宾语从句等）二、虚拟语气
三、虚拟语气在非真实条件状语从句中的用法
1、真实条件状语从句与非真实条件状语从句
eg If he doesn?t hurry up, he will miss th e bus.( 真实条件状语)
If he was free, he asked me to tell stories.（真实条件状语）
If I were you, I would go at once.（非真实条件状语从句）
If there was no air, people would die.（非真实条件状语从句）
2、虚拟语气在非真实条件状语从句中的用法及动词形式
①表示与现在事实相反的情况
If I were you, I?d take an umbrella.如果我是你，我会带把伞。
If I knew his telephone number, I would tell you.
如果我知道他的电话号码，我就会告诉你。（事实：不知道）
If there were no air or water, there would be no living things on the earth.
如果没有水和空气，地球上就不会有生物。(事实：地球上既有空气也有水) If I had any money with me, I could lend you some.
如果我带钱了，我就会借给你些。（事实：没带钱）
If he studied harder, he might pass the exam.如果他在努力些，就能通过考试了。
②表示与过去事实相反的情况
eg If
I had
got there earlier, I should/could have met her.
如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她。（事实：去晚了）
If he had taken my advice, he would not have made such a mistake.
如果他听我的劝告的话，就不会犯这样的错误了。（事实：没有听我的话）
③表示对将来情况的主观推测（可能相反或可能性很小）
eg: If he would come here tomorrow, I should/would talk to him.
如果他哪天来这儿的话，我就跟他谈谈。（事实：来的可能性很小）
If there were a heavy snow next Sunday, we would not go skating.
如果下周日下大雪，我们就不能去滑冰了，（事实：不知能否下雪）
If she were to be there next Monday, I would tell her about the matter.
当play 指进行球类运动时，则不用定冠词如：
play football play basketball play baseball
5. if引导的条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，
从句用一般现在时代替将来时如：
If you don?t hurry up, you?ll be late.如果你不快点，你将会迟到
6. if you have any idea== if you know 如果你知道
7. on关于（学术，科目）
8. try to do sth. 尝试做某事如：
I try to climb the tree. 我尝试爬树。
9. because of , because
because of + 名词/代词/名词性短语
because +从句如：
I do it because I like it. 我做这件事是因为我喜欢。
I had to move because of my job. 因为工作的原因我得搬家。
10. own v.－owner n. listen v.－listener n. learn v.－learner n.
11. catch a bus 赶公车
12. neighbor 邻居指人
neighborhood 邻居指地区也可指附近地区的人
13. local 当地的如：local teacher 当地的教师
14. noise n. 噪音是个可数名词noises
15. call the police 报警如：Quick! Call the police! 快！叫警察！
16. anything strange 一些奇怪的东西
当形容词修饰something, anything, nothing, everything等不定代词时，放在这些词的后面17. there be sb./ sth. doing 如：
There is a cat eating fish.
There must be something visiting our home.
18. escape from …从哪里逃跑出来如：
He escaped from the burning building. 他从燃烧的大概中逃出来。
19. an ocean of + 名词极多的，用不尽的如：an ocean of energy.
20. unhappy 不高兴的反义词happy 高兴的
21. final adj. 最后的finally adv. 最后地
22. dishonest 不诚实的反义词honest 诚实的。
23. get on 上车get off 下车
24. use up 用光、用完如：They have used up all the money.
他们已经用完了所有的钱。
25. attempt to do 试图如：
The boys attempted to leave for Beijing. 男孩子们试图想去北京。26. wake 动词唤醒常用的词组：wake up意为醒来如：
Please wake me up at 8 o?clock.请在8点钟叫醒我。
27. look for 寻找指过程
find 找指结果如：
I am looking for a pen. 我正在找一支笔。（指找的过程）
I found my pen just now. 我刚刚找到了我的笔。（指找的结果）
28. hear 听指听的结果
listen 听指听的过程如：
Did you hear ? 你听到了吗？（指听的结果，听或没听到）
I often listen to the music. 我经常听音乐。（指听的过程）
29. try one?s best to do sth. 尽某人的最大努力去做某事如：
He tried his best to run. 他尽他的最大努力去跑。
30. 名词所有格
名词所有格的构成有两种形式
①是在名词后面加’s 或是以s结尾的名词，只在名词的后面加’
如：Ann?s book安的书, our teacher s? office我们老师们的办公室
注：双方共有的所有格，只在后面一个名词加?s,如：
Lily and Lucy?s father 莉莉和露西的爸爸（她们的爸爸是同一个人）
②有…of …介词短语表示无生命东西的所有格如：
a picture of my family 我家人的相片
有时也有?s表示无生命的东西的所有格如：
today?s newspaper,the city?s name
31、happen指偶然的发生；
take place用于计划好的事情或自然的发生；（二者无被动语态）
happen to do sth碰巧干某事. happen to sb.某人发生了什么事
32、raise [reiz] 及物动词举起、提高；募捐用外力升起，如升旗
rise（不及物动词）上升。自然升起，如价格上涨，日出等。
Raise the money for charity. Raise the Five-red-star flag
33、hope to do sth；hope that从句。
wish to do sth；wish sb to do sth；wish that从句。
34、however与but：
（1）从语义上看，but所表示的是很明显的对比、转折。
（2）从语法上看，but是并列连词，however是个副词。
（3）从语序上看，but总位于所引导的句首，however可放在句首、句中、句尾。（4）从标点上看，but之后没有逗号，however之前、之后短语用逗号隔开。
在完成时态
?由have/ has ＋过去分词
?表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果
常与already, just , yet , ever, never 连用
Have you finished your work yet？你完成了你的工作了吗？
Yes, I have. I have just finished it.是的。我刚刚完成了。
I have already finished it .我已经完成了。
Have you ever been to China?你曾经去过中国吗？
No, I have never been there.没有，我从来也没有去过。
?①表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态和表示过去某一时刻延续到现在（包括现在在内）的一段时间的状态连用如：（for + 时间段，since + 时间点，或过去某一动作，以及how long ）
②注：非延续性动词在现在完成时态中不能和for, since 引导的表示一段时间的状语的肯定句连用。
应转为相应的延续性动词如：
buy---- have die---- be dead join ---- be in
borrow----- keep leave---- be away
I have bought a pen.------ I have had a pen for 2 weeks.
The dog has died.------- The dog has been dead since last week.
?①have (has) been to + 地点去过某地已经回来
②have (has) gone to + 地点去了某地没有回来
③have been in + 地点一直呆在某地没有离开过如：
She has been to Shanghai. 她去过上海。(已经回来)
She has gone to Shanghai. 她去了上海。(没有回来)
She has been in Shanghai for 2 days.她呆上海两天了。(没有离开过上海)
二、短语：
1、be long to属于
2、listen to classical music听古典音乐
3、at school上学、求学、在学校
4、go to the concert去听音乐会
5、have any/some idea知道have no idea不知道
6、a math test on algebra有关代数的数学考试
7、the final exam期末考试
8、because of因为
9、a present for his mother送给她妈妈的礼物
10、run for exercise跑步锻炼
11、wear a suit穿西装
12、make a movie拍电影
13、in our neighborhood在我们附近、在我们小区
14、have fun玩耍、取闹
15、his or her own idea她（他）自己的看法16、late night深夜
17、an ocean of许许多多、无穷无尽的
18、be care of=look out当心、小心
19、pretend to do sth假装干…
20、use up用完、用光
三、句子：
1、If you have any idea where might be please call me.
如果你知道它可能在哪，请打电话给我。
2、It?s crucial that I study for it because it counts 30%to the final exam.
关键是我必须学，因为它占期末考试的30%。
3、What do you think “anxious” means?
你认为“anxious”是什么意思？
4、He could be running for exercise.他可能是跑步锻炼身体。
5、He might be running to catch a bus.他可能是在跑着赶公共汽车。
6、Why do you think the man is running?你觉得那个男的为什么跑？
7、No more mystery in Bell Tower neighborhood.
钟塔附近不再有神秘的事了。
Unit 6
一、知识点
1.prefer v.更喜爱，更喜欢，相当于like……better，其过去式、过去分词为preferred，常用于以下结构：
(1)prefer+名词、代词I preferred music. Which do you prefer?
(2)prefer+动词不定式“宁愿干……”
She prefers to live among the working people.
(3) prefer+v-ing I prefer living abroad.
(4)prefer+动词不定式复合结构:
常见的搭配有:
①prefer……to……喜欢……而不喜欢……（to为介词）
She prefers apples to bananas.
②prefer doing to doing（to为介词）
He prefers running to walking.
③prefer to do …… rather than do sth.宁愿干……而不愿干……
They prefer to play games rather than watch TV.
2.gentle: ①轻柔，温和（往往指音乐、嗓音或风）
②温柔的，文雅的（往往指人的性格）
3.remind……of……使某人回想起或意识到某人、某事
She reminded me of her sister.
The pictures remind me of my school days.
4.表示“也”的用法：
also 用在句中，too 用在句末，as well 多用于口语，用在句末，这三个表达都用在肯定句。either “也” 用在否定句尾
5. What do you think of …? =How do you like…?
6.as 的用法：
①用作连词“按照”
Please do it again as I told you.
②连词，当……的时候，着重强调两个动词同时发生
She sang as she worked.
③表示原因，“因为，由于”比较口语化，语气也较弱，所表示的原因比较明显。
As I didn?t know the way, I asked the policeman.
④as…as… 和……一样
7.over the years多年来，往往与现在完成时连用
8.though 不做副词“可是，不过，然而”放在句尾
9. be sure of +n. / pron. /短语
be sure that 从句｝相信，对……有把握
be sure to do 务必……一定……
make sure 确保，核实，查收，弄清楚
10.one of the+最高级+复数名词，最……之一
11.过去分词作定语，表示被动或完成
12. on display=on show
13.interest:①n.兴趣，趣味；②v.使感兴趣
He interested me in football.他使我对足球感兴趣。
I?ve got a lot of books that might interest you.我有许多可能使你感兴趣的书。
14.class 等级，级别，阶级
15. whatever=no matter what
16.suggest:①建议，后跟宾语从句，用虚拟语气；
②表示，暗示，后跟宾语从句，不用虚拟语气。
17. energy (n.)=energetic (adj.)
18.honest 该词是元音发音开头，前面的不定冠词用“an”.
19.先行词若为地点或时间时，后面的关系词用关系代词还是关系副词，要看关系词在定语从句中作什么成分。若关
系词作定语从句的主语、宾语或定语，用关系代词；若关系词作状语，则用关系副词。
20. along with 伴随… 同… 一道
I will go along with you. 我同你一道去。
I sing along with music. 我伴随着音乐唱歌。
21. dance to sth. 随着…跳舞
She likes dancing to the music. 她喜欢随着音乐而跳舞。22. different kinds of 各种各样different kinds of clothes 各种各样的衣服
23. music n. 音乐musician n. 音乐家musical
24. take … to … 带…去…. 如：
My father often takes me to the park. 我的爸爸经常带我去公园。Please take this box to my office. 请拿这个盒子到我的办公室。
25. be important to sb. 对…重要
be important for sb. to do. 做某事对某人很重要
26. though == although 作连词虽然，尽管
放在句子中间/句首，不能和but 连用
Though it was very late, he went on working. 虽然很晚了，但他还在工作Mr. Smith , though he was young, did it very well.
史密斯先生虽然年轻，却做得很好。
27.energy n. 活力energetic adj. 有活力的
28. most of … …的大多数
29. keep healthy 保持健康
30. get together 聚在一起
31. be bad for sth. 对…有坏处的
be bad for doing sth. 做…有坏处
32. take care of === look after 照顾关心如：
She often takes care of / looks after her son.
33 stay away from 远离…如：
Stay away from me , I have a cold. 请远离我，我得了感冒
34. to be honest 老实说如：
To be honest I really like flowers. 老实说我真的很喜欢花。
35. dislike 不喜欢反义词like 喜欢
36. fisherman 渔夫复数形式fishermen
37. photography n. 摄影photograph n. 照片相片
photographer n. 摄影师
38. be in agreement 意见一致常与介词on /about连用如：
They are in agreement on that question. 他们对那个问题意见一致。
39. mainly adv. 主要地首要地main adj. 主要的
二.短语
1.expect to do sth.期望干……
expect sb. to do sth期望某人干……
2.catch up with追上，赶上
3.different kinds of music各种不同的音乐
4.quiet and gentle songs轻柔的歌曲
5. take…to… 带……到……
6. remind…of…使某人想起或意识到……
7.her own songs她自己的歌曲
8.be important to对……重要
9.Yellow River黄河
10.Hong Tao?s latest movie洪涛最近的电影
11.over the years多年来
12.be sure to do sth.务必干……一定干……
13.one of the best known Chinese photographers世界上最有名的中国摄影家之一
14.on display展览，展出
https://www.doczj.com/doc/2314944611.html,e and go来来往往
16.can?t stand不能忍受
17.look for寻找
18.feel sick感到恶心，不舒服
19.have a great time玩得高兴，过得愉快
20.to be honest说实话
21.be lucky to do幸运的是……
22.my six-month English course我6个月的英语课
23.most of my friends我的大部分朋友
24.go for去找某人，想法得到某事物
25.stay healthy保持健康
26.French fries薯条
27.stay away from与……保持距离
28.be in agreement意见一致（后跟短语、句子）
29.barbecued meat烤肉
30.a tag question反意疑问句
31.be bad for对……有害
三．句子
1.I love singers who write their own music.我喜欢自己创作曲子的歌手。
2.We prefer music that has great lyrics.我们更喜欢歌词很棒的曲子。
3.What do you dislike about this CD.你不喜欢这张CD的什么？
4.What does it remind you of？它使你想起了什么？
5.The music reminds me of Brazilian dance music.这首曲子使我想起了巴西舞曲。
6.It does have a few good features, though.
然而，它的确也有一些好的方面。
7.She really has something for everyone.
每个人的确都能从她的作品中领悟到一些东西。8.Whatever you do, don?t miss this exhibition.
无论怎样，你都不能错过这次展出。
9.As the name suggests, the band has a lot of energy.
正如乐队名字所暗示的那样，这支乐队很有活力。
10. Some people say they are boring, but others say they are great.
11.If I were you, I?d eat nuts instead.如果我是你，我会改吃坚果。
Unit7
一、知识点：
1. tired 累的tiring 令人疲惫的
bored 讨厌boring 令人厌烦/讨厌的
excited 兴奋的exciting 令人兴奋/激动的
amazed 惊讶的amazing 令人惊讶的
2. education n. 教育educational 有教育意义的
3. 想要做…：would like to do
想要…：would like sth.
常用的句型有：
What would you like to do? 你想要做什么？
I would like to visit GuiLin. 我想去参观桂林。
What would you like ? 你想要什么？
I would like some tea. 我想来些茶。
Would you like to go to my party? 你来不来参加我的晚会？
(表邀请) Yes, I?d love/ like to . No, thanks.
Would you like some tea or coffee? 你是要点茶还是咖啡？
Yes, I?d love/ like. No. thanks.
Where would you like to visit/ go? 你想去哪呢？(本单元的重点句型)
4. go on vacation 去度假
go on a trip 去旅行
go on a picnic 去野炊
5. hope to do 希望做某事I hope to go to Beijing. 我希望去北京。
hope (that) + 从句希望….
I hope that I can go to Beijing.我希望我能去北京。
I hope (that) she can pass the test.我希望她能通过考试。
6. I love places where the people are friendly. 我喜欢人们友好的地方。
where 关系副词，引导定语从句
where引导定语从句修饰表示地点的先行词如：the place, the city等
That is the school where I studied 10 years ago. 那就是我10年前所就读的学校。
7. 不定代词参看课本P141
注：形容词必须放在不定代词、不定副词的后面
8. consider doing考虑做某事
I am considering changing my job. 我正在考虑换工作。
9. cost (sb.) 钱、时间The book cost me 10 yuan这本书花了我10元。
10. in general 一般来说，大体上，通常
11. be supposed to do 应该做…. === should 如：
Scientists are supposed to know a lot. 科学家们应该知道更多。
12. take a trip 去旅行
13. provide sb. with sth 供应某人某物=== provide sth for sb.
如：They provide us with water.
They provide water for us.
14. how far 问路程多远（20 kilometers , five munites? walk）
how old 问年龄多少岁（13 years old）
how long 问时间多久；多长（since, for）
how often 问频率多久一次（sometimes, often, 3 times a day, every day）
15. be away 离开如：
I was away 2days ago. 我两天前离开了。
I will be away for a few days.我将离开一些天。
16. inexpensive adj. 不贵的反义词expensive adj. 贵的
17.let sb. do 让某人做某事Let me help you.让我帮你吧。
let sb. not do 让某人不要做某Let us not laugh. 让我们不要笑了。18. in the future 将来
She will a good mother in the future. 在将来她将会是一个好妈妈。
19. 用to 表示“的”有：
answers to question 问题的答案
the key to the door 这扇门的钥匙
20. as soon as possible 尽可能的快
21. continue doing == go on doing 继续做某事如：
She continued singing. == She went on singing. 她继续唱歌。
22. according to 根据
23. be willing to do 愿意做某事如：
I am willing to help you. 我愿意帮你。
24. on the other hands 另一方面
25. hold on to sth. 保持，不要放弃
Please hold on to my hand.不要放开我的手。
26. come true 实现如：
My dream have come true. 我的梦实现了。27．through 穿过含有“in”的意思across 横过含有“on”的意思
28. Some day=someday 只指将来某一天
one day 既可指将来某一天，也可指过去某一天。
28. Plan 计划打算(1) plan to do sth
We are planning to visit London this summer /Do plan to stay late?
(2) 跟名词或者代词Have you planned your trip?
We have been planning this visit for months.
(3) plan for 为…做计划He planned for a picnic if the next day were fine.
(4) plan on 打算有（做某事）She had not planned on so many guests.
They are planning on an/for an outing.
29.强调句型：It is(was)…that (who ,whom)…
(1) 强调句型可用来强调各种句子成分
(2) 强调句中的连词who,whom只用来指代人，that 即可以指代人也可以指代物被强调部分是时间，地点等仍用
that
(3)that,whom, who 后的句中的谓语与原句保持一致
(4)强调句中只有it is ,it was 两种时态形式，
如：I am right ------It is I who(that) am right.
又如：They will have a meeting tomorrow.
It is they who(that) will have a meeting tomorrow.
It′s a meeting that they will have tomorrow.
It′s tomorrow that they will have a meeting.
30.在英语中，有although 不能有but;有because 不能有so
二、短语
1.go on vacation 去度假
2.trek through the jungle 徒步穿越丛林
3.some day 有朝一日
4.one of the liveliest cities 最有活力的城市之一
5.be supposed to do sth. 应该干。
6.pack light clothes 穿薄衣服
7.take a trip 去旅行
8.provide sb with sth = provide sth for sb 为了某人提供某物
9.be away 离开，远离
10.the answer to the question 问题的答案
11.according to 根据。按照。 1
2.work as tour guides 做导游的工作
13.dream of 梦想，想到
14.less realistic dreams 不现实的梦想
15.be willing to do sth. 愿意干。
16.achieve one?s dreams 实现梦想
17.sail across the pacific 横渡太平洋
18.hold on to 保持，不要放弃（卖掉）
19.take it easy 从容轻松不紧张
20.Niagara Falls 尼亚加拉大瀑布
21.Eiffel Tower 艾菲尔铁塔
22.Notre Dame Cathedral 巴黎圣母院
23.this time of year 一年中的这个时候
24.in general 通常,大体上, 一般而言
三、句子
1.where would you like to go on vacation?
I?d like to trek through the jungle.
2.l like places where the weather is always warm.
3.I like to go somewhere relaxing 我喜欢去休闲的地方
4.For your next vacation, why not consider visiting Paris?
你下次度假为什么不考虑去巴黎？
5.Traveling around Paris by taxi can cost a lot of money.
乘坐出租车游览巴黎要花费很多钱
6.So unless you speak French yourself, it?s best to travel with someone who can translate things for yo u. 因此，除非你自己会讲法语，否则最好与一个能为你翻译的人一起去。
7. We?d like to be away for three weeks.
我们大约要去三个星期.
8.The person has a lot of money to spend on the vacation.
度假中这个人有很多钱可以花.
9.I hope you can provide me with some information about the kinds of vacations that your firm can offer 我希望能给我提供一些贵公司能经营的旅游项目的信息.
10.Could you please give me some suggestions for vacation spots?
你能给我一些有关度假地的建议吗？
11.You need to pack some warm clothes if you go there.
你如果去那里，需要带一些暖和的衣服。
12.I?d love to sail across the Pacific.
我想横渡太平洋。
Unit 8
一．知识点：短语动词小结
常见短语动词结构有下面几种：
1.动词+副词如：give up 放弃turn off 关掉stay up 熬夜
这种结构有时相当于及物动词，如果其宾语是代词，就必须放在动
词和副词之间，如果是名词，则既可插在动词和副词之间，也可放
在短语动词后。
2. 动词+介词如：listen of 听look at 看belong to 属于
这种结构相当于及物动词，后面跟宾语。
3. 动词+副词+介词如：come up with 提出，想出
run out of 用完，耗尽
4. 动词+名词(介词) 如：take part in参加catch hold of 抓住
1.cheer (sb.) up 使(某人)高兴、振作如：cheer me up 使我高兴
clean up 打扫clean-up n. 打扫
2. homeless adj. 无家可归的 a homeless boy 一个无家可归的男孩home n. 家4. sick adj. 生病的作表语、定语
ill adj. 生病的作表语，不能作定语
5. volunteer to do v. 志愿效劳、主动贡献
volunteer n. 志愿者
6. come up with 提出想出=== think up 想出
catch up with 赶上追上
7. put off doing 推迟做某事
put on 穿上(指过程)
put up 张贴
8. write down 写下记下
9. call up 打电话
make a telephone call 打电话
10. set up 成立建立
The new hospital was set up in 2000. 这座医院是在2000年成立的。
11. each 每个各自的强调第一个人或事物的个别情况常与of 连用
every 每个每一个的一切的则有“全体”的意思不能与of 连用
12. put …to use 把… 投入使用，利用
They put the new machine to use. 他们把新机器投入使用
13. help sb. (to) do 帮助某人做某事help him (to) study
help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事help him with English
help do 帮助做某事help study
14. plan to do 计划做某事
plan + 从句
I plan to go to Beijing. === I plan (that) I will go to Beijing.
我计划去北京。
15. spend … doing 花费…做… I spent a day visiting Beijing.
我花了一天的时间去参观北京。
spend… on sth. 花费…在… I spent 3 years on English.
16.not only … but (also) … 不但… 而且… 用来连接两个并列的成分
(1)引导以not only …but (also)… 开头的句子往往引起部分倒装。
因此?Not only do I feel good but (also)…. 是倒装句。也是说得要
把前面的句子中的助动词或者是情态动词放在主语的前面。如：
①Not only can I do it but (also) I can do best.
我不仅能做到而且做得最好。
?Not only…but (also)… 接两主语时，谓语动词随后面的主语人称和数的变化也就是就近原则如：
①Not only Lily but (also) you like cat. 不仅莉莉而且你也喜欢猫。
②Not only you but (also) Lily likes cat. 不仅你而且莉莉喜欢猫。
常见的就近原则的结构有：
①Neither… nor…即不…也不… (两者都不)Neither you nor I like him. 我和你都不喜欢他。
②Either… or… 不是…就是… (两者中的一个)Either Lily or you are a student.
③Not only …but (also)…
④There be
17. join 参加(指参加团体、组织) 如：join the Party 入党
take part in 参加(指参加活动) 如：
take part in sports meeting 参加运动会
18. run out 与run out of
①run out (become used up). 其主语往往为物。如时间，食物，金钱，油等，本
身就含有被动意义。
His money soon ran out. 他的钱很快就花光了。
My patience has completely run out. 我没有一点耐心了。
Our time is running out. 我们剩下的时间不多了。
②run out of 主语为人，表示主动含义。
He is always running out of money before pay day. 他总是在发工资的日子还没有到就把钱花完了。
两者在一定条件下可以互换
如：The petrol is running out. 汽油快用完了
= We are running out of petrol. 我们快把汽油用完了。
Our time is running out. 我们剩下的时间不多了。= We are running out of time
19. take after (在外貌、性格等方面)与(父母等)相像
be similar to 与..相像take after 相像
look after 照顾take care of 照顾
20. work out v. + adj.
①结局，结果为
The strategies that he came up with worked out fine. 他提出的这个策略效果很好。
②算出，制订出，消耗完（精力等）
He never seems to be worked out. 他好像永远不会疲乏似的。
He worked out a plan. 他制订了一个计划。
I have worked out our total expenses. 我已经算出了我们总的费用。
21. hang out 闲荡闲逛
I like to hang out at mall with my friends. 我喜欢和我的朋友一起去购物中心闲荡。
22. be able to do 能会
be unable to do 不能不会
23. thank you for doing 谢谢做某事如：
thank you for helping me 谢谢做帮助我
24. for sure 确实如此，毫无疑问
You don?t have money. That?s for sure. 你没有钱，这是毫无疑问的。
25. fill… with… 使…充满… 用…填充…
She filled the bowl with water. 她用水填满碗。
26. like prep. 像…
27. help sb. out 帮助…做事，解决难题(摆脱困境)
I can?t work out this math problem. Please help me out.
我不能算出这道数学问题，请你帮我解决。
28. train n. 火车train v. 训练
train sb. to do. 训练某人做某事
She trains her dog to fetch things. 她训练她的狗去取东西。
29. at once == right away 立刻马上如：
Do it at once. 马上去做。
I?ll go there at once/ right away. 我马上去那里。
30. one day 有一天(指将来/过去) some day 有一天(指将来) 如：
One day I went to Beijing. 有一天我去了北京。
Some day I?ll go to Beijing. 有一天我将去北京。
31. specially adv. 特意地专门地特别地special adj. 特别的
32. donation n. 捐赠物donate v. 捐赠赠送
33. part of speech 词性词类
34. disabled adj. 肢体有残疾的disable v. 不能
35. hand out 分发hand out bananas
give out 分发give out sth to sb. 分….给某人
give up doing 放弃… give up smoking 放弃吸烟
give away 赠送捐赠give away sth. to …. giv e away money to kids
give sb. sth. 给某人某东西give me money 给我钱
give sth. to sb. 给某人某东西give money to me 给我线
36. volunteer ①可数名词“志愿者” ②adj. 自愿的
vi. volunteer to do sth
They are the Chinese People?s V olunteers. 他们是中国人民志愿军。
I volunteer to help you. 我自愿帮助你。
37. no longer = not … any longer 指时间上不再延续。
no more = not … any more 指动作上不再延续。
二．短语
1.clean up 清扫
2.give out 分发，发放
3.cheer up=make…happier 使...高兴，使...振作
4.after school study program 课外学习班
https://www.doczj.com/doc/2314944611.html,e up with=think up 提出，想出
6.put off 推迟
7.write down 写下，记下
8.put up 张贴
9.hand out 分发，发放
10.call up 打电话
11.ser up=establish 建立
12.be home to sb 是某人的家园
13.volunteer one?s time to do sth 自愿花时间干...
14.put…to use… 把...投入使用
15.elementary school 小学
16.plan to do sth 计划干...打算干
17.coach a football team for kids 训练少年足球队
18.start a Chinese History club 开办一个中国史俱乐部
19.run out of 用完，耗尽
20.take after 在性格或长相方面与父母相象
21.fix up 修理
22.give away 捐赠
23.be similar to 与...相似
24.ask for 索要
25.a call-in center for parents 家长热线
26.hang out 闲荡
27.put up signs asking for singing jobs 张贴寻求唱歌工作的广告
28.run out of money for singing lessons 学唱歌的钱用完了
29.disabled people 残疾人
30.for sure 确实如此，毫无疑问31.fill…with... 用...填充... be full of 装满了...
32.help...out 帮助...做事，解决难题（摆脱困境）
33.a specially trained dog 一只经过特殊训练的狗
34.train sb to do sth 训练某人干...
35.fetch my book 把我的书拿来
36.part of speech 词性
三．句子
1．We can?t put off making a plan. Clean-up Day is only two weeks from
now. 我们不能推迟制订计划，清洁日离现在只有两周了。
2．She puts this love to good use by working in the after-school care centre at her local elementary school. 她在当地的一所小学的课后辅导中心工作，使这个爱好得到较好的利用
3．Not only do I feel good about helping other people, but I get to spend time doing what I love to do. 帮助别人不但自己感到快乐，而且我开始花时间做自己喜欢做的事了。
4．The three students plan to set up a student volunteer project at heir school. 这三个学生计划在他们校开展一个学生志愿者项目。
5.He also put up some sign asking for old bikes.他还贴了一些需求旧自行车的告。
6.The strategies that he came up with worked out fine. 几米想出的这个办法很效。
7．He did a radio interview. 他接受了电台的采访。
8．We need to come up with a plan. 我们需要指定一个计划。
9．You could help clean up the city parks. 你可以帮助打扫城市公园。
10．He now has sixteen bikes to fix up and give away to children who
don?t have bikes. 他现在有16辆要修理的自行车，并准备把这些修好的自行车赠送给那些没有自行车的孩子。
Unit 9
1. 被动语态
(1). 被动语态：表示句子的主语是谓语动词所表示的动作承受者。
(2). 被动语态基本结构：be+及物动词的过去分词(如果是不用物动词，其过去分词应带有相应的介词)
(3). 被动语态中的be 是助动词，有人称、数和时态的变化。
一般现在时被动语态为：am/is/are+过去分词
一般过去时被动语态为：was/were+ 过去分词
与情态动词连用的被动语态：情态动词+ be + 过去分词
(4). 被动语态中动作的发出者或执行者做介词by的宾语，放在句末，by 表示“由，被”的意思
(5). 如何理解被动语态？
为了更清晰、更深刻地理解被动语态的含义，可以将主动语态和被动语态的句子结构进行比较。
主动语态：主语+ 谓语动词+ 宾语+ 其他成分
被动语态：主语+ be +过去分词+ by +宾语+其他成分
如：Many people speak English.
九年级英语上册第一单元重要知识点总结 九年级英语上册第一单元重要知识点总结 Unit 1 一、知识点 1.Check in : 在旅馆的登记入住。 Check out: 在旅馆结账离开。 2.By: ①通过…..方式(途径)。例：I learn English by listening to tapes. ②在…..旁边。例：by the window/the door ③乘坐交通工具例：by bus/car ④在……之前，到……为止。例：by October在10月前 ⑤被例：English is spoken by many people. 3.how与what的区别： how通常对方式或程度提问，意思有：怎么样如何，通常用来做状语、表语。 what通常对动作的发出者或接受者提问，意思为什么，通常做宾语，主语。 ①How is your summer holiday? It’s OK.(how表示程度做表语) ②How did you travel around the world? I travel by air. ③What do you learn at school? I learn English, math and many other subjects. ① What…think of…? How…like…? ② What…do with…? How…deal with…? ③ What…like about…? How…like…? ④ What’s the weather like today? How’s the weather today? ⑤ What to do? How to do it? e.g. What do you think of this book?=How do you like this book? I don’t know what I should do with the matter.=I don’t
中考高频短语汇总 A.look 短语 1look like看起来像 2.look for寻找 3look through浏览 4look up查阅，向上看 5.look over 仔细检查 6.look forward to期盼，期待 7.look after照顾，照料 B.put 短语 1.put up举起，挂起，搭建 2.put on穿上，戴上，上演 3.put away 把—放好 4.put off推迟，推延 5.put down把—放下，记下 6.put out扑灭，伸出 7.put into把—放进--，把—译成-- 8.put one's heart into 全神贯注于--- C.get 短语 1.get up起床 2.get off下车 3.get on上车,相处，进展 4.get over克服，恢复，原谅 5.get back回来，返回 6.get through接通电话 7.get along进展，相处8.get into陷入-- 9.get out 出去，离开10.get together相聚 11.get ready for为—做准备12.get married结婚 13.get in the way碍事，挡道14.get to到达 D.give短语 1.give up放弃 2.give out分发 3.give away赠送，分发 4.give back归还 E.think短语 1.think of 想起，认为 2.think up想出，提出 3.think about考虑 4.think over仔细考虑 F.take 短语 1.take up 占据（时间，空间） 2.take after与(父母等)相像 3.take place发生 4.take care小心，当心 5.take off 脱下，起飞 6.take out拿出，取出 7.take away拿走，带走8.take down取下 9.take it easy从容，不紧张10.take care of照顾，照料 11.take a rest休息一下12.take a shower洗澡
2017新人教版九年级英语全册知识点归纳 Unit 1 How can we become good learners? 短语总结: 1. good learners 优秀的学习者 2. work with friends 和朋友一起学习 3. study for a test 备考 4.have conversations with 与……交谈 5.speaking skills 口语技巧 6.a little 有点儿 7.at first 起初起先 8.the secret to......， .......的秘诀 9.because of 因为 10.as well 也 11.look up (在词典中等)查阅；抬头看 12.so that 以便，为了 13.the meaning of ……的意思 14.make mistakes 犯错误 15.talk to 交谈 16.depend on 依靠依赖 17.in common 共有的 18.pay attention to 注意关注 19.connect ……with ……把……联系 20.for example 例如 21.think about 考虑 22.even if 即使尽管纵容23.look for 寻找 24.worry about 担心担忧 25.make word cards 制作单词卡片 26.ask the teacher for help 向老师求助 27.read aloud 大声读 28.spoken english 英语口语 29.give a report 作报告 30.word by word 一字一字地 31.so……that 如此……以至于 32.fall in love with 爱上 33.something interesting 有趣的事情 34.take notes 记笔记 35.how often 多久一次 36.a lot of 许多 37.the ability to do sth. 做某事的能力 38.learning habits 学习习惯 39.be interested in 对……感兴趣 40.get bored 感到无聊 41.be good at 在……方面擅长 42.be afraid of 害怕 43.each other 彼此互相 44.instead of 代替而不是 二.用法集萃 1. by doing sth 通过做某事 2.it +be+adj+to do sth 做某事是……的 3.finish doing sth 完成某事 4.what about doing sth？做某事怎么样？ 5.try to do sth 尽力做某事 6.the +比较近，the+比较近越……，就越…… 7.find it+adj+to do sth 发现做某事 8.be afraid of doing sth 害怕做某事 9.help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事10.practice doing sth 练习做某事 11.keep doing sth 一直做某事 12.be afraid to do sth 害怕做某事 13.begin to do sth 开始做某事 14.want to do sth 想要做某事 15.need to do sth 需要做某事 16.remember to do sth 记得做某事 17.shoot 射（射着，射死等表结果） 18.shoot at（瞄准）射
新目标八年级英语下册短语归纳全册Unit 1 Will people have robots? 1. in the future 在将来 2. live to (be) … years old活到……岁 3. in 100 years 一百年后 4. free time 空闲时间 5. talk about 谈论，谈及，谈到 6. high school 高中 7. computer programmer 电脑程序员 8. on a space station 太空站 9. fall/be in love with … 爱上…… 10. go skating 去滑冰 11. be able to 能，会 12. I disagree= I don’t agree我不同意 13. the World Cup 世界杯 14. keep pets养宠物 15. job interview 工作面试 16. fly…to… 乘坐…飞往… 17. come true 实现，成为现实 18. see sb. do sth./see sb doing sth 看见某人做了/正在做某事19. one’s own … 某人自己的……my own pen 20. science fiction movies 科幻影片 21. help (sb.) with sth. 帮助（某人）做某事 22. hundreds of 数百，成百上千的 23. the same as 和……相同 24. wake up 醒来；唤醒 26. try to do sth. 试图做某事，尽力做某事 27. get bored 变得厌倦 28. over and over (again) 一次又一次，再三地 29.make predictions 做预测 30.predict the future 预测未来 31.look for寻找 32.the head of ….的老板 33.make sb do sth 使某人做某事 34.be used by 被用 35.less pollution 更少的污染 36. live alone 单独居住
九年级人教版英语各单元重点短语及句型Unit1 How can we become good learners? 一.重点短语 ask sb. for help improve one`s speaking skills spoken English=oral English make word cards listen to tapes the secret to language learning be afraid to do sth. fall in love with.. . body language take notes make mistakes in grammar learning habits have sth. in common pay attention to connect…with… write down key words in class after class be interested in… do sth. on one’s own worry about depend on=rely on good learners work with friends study for a test have conversations with speaking skills the secret to......， the meaning of be patient 请求某人的帮助 提髙某人说的能力英语口语 制作单词卡片 听磁带 语言学习的诀窍 不敢'做某事 爱上 肢体语言 记笔记 犯语法错误 学习习惯有...共同点 注意 把....与....联系起来 摘抄重点词 在课堂上 课后 对.......感兴趣 独立做某事 为...而担忧 依赖；取决于 优秀的学习者 和朋友一起学习 备考 与……交谈 口语技巧.......的秘诀 ……的意思 耐心点儿 二.用法集萃 by doing sth 通过做某事 find .it +be+adj+to do sth 发现做某事是……finish doing sth 完成某事 what about doing sth？做某事怎么样？try to do sth 尽力做某事
中考短语集锦 1.kinds of 各种各样的 2. either…or…或者……或者……，不是……就是…… 3. neither…nor…既不……也不…… 4. Chinese tea without, anything in it 中国清茶 5. take a seat 就坐 6. home cooking 家常做法 7. be famous for 因……而著名 8. on ones way to在……途中 9. be sick/ill in hospital生病住院 10. at the end of在……的尽头，在……的末尾 11. wait for 等待 12. in time 及时 13. make one’s way to…往……（艰难地）走去 14. just then 正在那时 15. first of all 首先，第一 16. go wrong 走错路 17. be/get lost 迷路 18. make a noise 吵闹，喧哗 19. get on 上车 20. get off 下车 21. stand in line 站队 22. waiting room 候诊室，候车室 23. at the head of……在……的前头 24. laugh at 嘲笑 25. throw about 乱丢，抛散 26. in fact 实际上 27. at midnight 在半夜 28. have a good time=enjoy oneself玩得愉快 29. quarrel with sb. 和某人吵架 30. take one’s temperature 给某人体温 31. have/get a pain in…某处疼痛 32. have a headache 头痛 33. as soon as… 一……就…… 34. feel like doing sth. 想要干某事 35. stop…from doing sth. 阻止……干某事 36. fall asleep 入睡 37. again and again再三地，反复地 38. wake up 醒来，叫醒 39. instead of 代替 40. look over 检查 41. take exercise运动 42. had better(not) do sth. 最好（不要）干某事 43. at the weekend 在周末 44. on time 按时 45. out of从……向外 46. all by oneself 独立，单独 47. lots of=a lot of 许多48. no longer/more=not…any longer/more 不再 49. get back 回来，取回 50. sooner or later迟早 51. run away 逃跑 52. eat up 吃光，吃完 53. run after 追赶 54. take sth. with sb. 某人随身带着某物 55. take(good) care of…=look after…(well) （好好）照顾，照料 56. think of 考虑到，想起 57. keep a diary 坚持写日记 58. leave one by oneself 把某人单独留下 59. harder and harder 越来越厉害 60. turn on打开（电灯、收音机、煤气等） 61. turn off 关 agree with sb 同意某人的看法 agree on sth 同意某事 arrive at/in sp 到达某地 ask sb to do sth 叫某人做某事 ask sb not to do sth 叫某人不要做某事 be busy doing/with sth 忙于做某事 be strict in sth 对某事要求严格 be strict with sb 对某人要求严格 decide to do sth 决定做某事 dislike doing sth 不喜欢做某事 enjoy doing sth 喜欢做某事 find sb do/doing sth 发现某人做某事 finish doing sth 完成某事 give sb sth 给某人某物 give sth to sb 给某人某物 have fun doing sth 做…很有趣 help sb with sth 帮助某人某事 help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事 it’s time for sth 该做某事了 it’s time for sb to do sth 该某人做某事了 it’s time to do sth 该做某事了 like doing/to do sth 喜欢做某事 make sb do sth 让某人做某事 mind (sb) doing sth 介意（某人）做某事pass sb sth 把某物递给某人 pass sth to sb 把某物递给某人practice doing sth 练习做某事 remember doing sth 记得做过某事remember to do sth 记得要做某事 see sb do/doing sth 看见某人做某事 show sb sth 给某人看某物 show sth to sb 给某人看某物spend…(in) doing sth 花费…做某事spend…on sth 花费…在某物上 start doing sth 开始做某事
初中英语知识归纳总结 第一课时名词 一、概述 1、名词的属性：表示人或事物的名称抽象概念的词叫名词。 2、名词分普通名词和专有名词。普通名词是表示某一类人或事物，或某种物体或抽象概念的名称。如：teacher, desks, plates, milk, box等，专有名词表示某一特定的人、事物、地方团体、党派、国家机关、语言、节日等专用的名称。（运用）如：China, Chinese, Saturday, June, Green, Beijing, Olympic等。（专有名词的第一个字母要大写） 二、可数名词与不可数名词 1、可数名词是指表示人或事物，可以用数来计量的名词，有单复数之分。如：glass-----glasses; book---- books 2、不可数名词是指所表示的事物不能用数来计量。 如：paper, rice, water , milk, tea等。 3、有些名词在特定情况下由不可数变为可数名词。 Light travels faster than sound; (light：光线，不可数) The lights are on. (light：灯，可数) 4、不可数名词的量的表示 不可数名词一般无法用数来计算，前面不能用a或an或数词来表示数量，它的量往往借助于容器来表示。 如：a glass of milk ------ four glasses of milk a piece of paper ------two pieces of paper a bag of rice ------three bags of rice 三、可数名词的复数形式（识记、运用） 1、可数名词在应用时有单复数之分，单数变复数有规则变化和不规则变化两种。 规则变化 policeman---policemen; man---men; woman---women; tooth---teeth; foot---feet; sheep---sheep; deer---deer; Japanese--- Japanese; Chinese --- Chinese; fish --- fish 四、名词所有格（运用） 名词的所有格是表示所有关系的形式，它也有构成上的变化。 1、单数名词变所有格，只需在词尾加’ s; 2、复数名词的词尾已有s，只需加’即可； 3、复数名词的词尾若没有s ，则应加’ s ; 4、如果表示某人或物为两人所共有，则在第二个人后面加’ s ; 如：Da Mao and Xiao Mao’s room 如果不是两人共有，则在每个人后面都加’ s; 如：Li Lei’s and Tom’s mother 5、名词所有格结构通常用于表示有生命的名词，或表示时间、距离、地点等，而表示无生命名词的所有关系则用“of”表示。 如: the windows of house the picture of the family
Unit 1 Topic 1短语听写 1. play basketball 打篮球 2. cheer sb on 为某人打气 3. quite a bit 相当多 4. of course 当然 5. grow up 长大 6. arrive in 到达 7. play against 与……比赛 8. for long 长时间 9. the day after tomorrow 后天 10. leave for 动身往…… 11. twice a week 每周再次 12. be good at 擅长于 13. break the record 打破纪录 14. half an hour 半小时 15. take part in 参加 16. go hiking 远足 17. all over the world 全世界 18. be good for 对……有好处 19. keep healthy 保持健康 20. prepare for sth 为某事做准备 21. in the future 在未来 22. win the first place 获得第一名 23. write back soon 尽快回信 24. keep fit 保持健康 25. pretty well 相当好 Unit 1 Topic 2短语听写 1. do sb a favor 帮某人一个忙 2. fall ill 生病 3. throw about 乱扔东西 4. right away 立刻 5. be far from 远离 6. make one’s bed 铺床 7. be angry with sb 生某人的气 8. do one’s best 尽力 9. say sorry to sb 向某人道歉 10. miss a good chance 错失一个好机会 11. be sorry for sth 为某事感到难过、遗憾 12. be sure to do sth 确信做某事 13. with the help of sb 在某人的帮助下 14. in a minute 立刻15. be late for 迟到 16. be important to sth 对某事是重要的 17. take a seat 就座；坐下 18. as well 也 19. follow the rules 遵守规则 20. in the beginning 在开头 21. get tired 累了 22. instead of 代替 23. build sb up 强壮某人的体魄 24. do well in 在……做的好 25. shout at sb 朝某人喊叫 Unit 1 Topic 3短语听写 1. talk about sth 谈论某事 2. make friends with sb 与某人交朋友 3. be ready for sth 为某事做准备 4. take photos 照相 5. be able to 能够，有能力 6. do badly in sth 在某方面做的差 7. for the first time 初次 8. every four years 每四年；每隔三年 9. stand for 代表 10. at least 至少 11. take part in 参加 12. at once 立刻 13. pass sth to sb 把某物传给某人 14. enjoy doing sth 喜欢做某事 15. improve the environment 改善环境 16. make it six o’clock 定在六点钟 17. at the school gate 在校门口 18. on the right side of 在右侧 19. take place 发生 20. pick apples 摘苹果 21. place of interest 名胜古迹 22. in history 在历史上 23. do morning exercises 做早操 24. be fond of 喜欢 25. next time 下一次 Unit 2 Topic 1短语听写 1. take a rest 休息一会 2. see a doctor 看医生 3. have a cold 感冒 4. at night 在晚上
初中英语知识总结－短语、词组和重点句型归纳 [ 短语、词组归纳 ] 由动词开头构成的短语、词组很多。复习时应分类处理： 一、动词+介词 1 ．look at…看look like 看上去像……，look after …照料… 2listen to…听…… 3welcome to…欢迎到…… 4say hello to …向……问好 5speak to…对……说话 此类短语相当于及物动词，其后必须带宾语，但宾语无论是名词还是代词，都要放在介词之后。 二、动词+副词 “动词+副词”所构成的短语义分为两类： A．动词（vt.）+副词 1 ． put on 穿上 2 ． take off 脱下 3 ． write down 记下 此类短语可以带宾语， 宾语若是名词，
放在副词前后皆可；宾语若是人称代词，只能放在副词的 前面。 B ．动词（ vi ） + 副词。 1 ． com e on 赶快 2 ． get up 起床 3 ． go home 回家 4 ． com e in 进来 5 ． sit down 坐下 6 ． stand up 起立
此类短语属于不及物动词，不可以带宾语。 三、其它类动词词组 1.close the door 2.1ook the sam e 3.go to work/class 4.be ill 5.have a look/seat 6.have supper 7.1ook young 8.go shopping 9.watch TV/gams 10. play games [ 介词短语聚焦 ] “介词 + 名词 / 代词”所构成的短语称为介词短语。现将Unitsl-16 常用的介词短语按用法进行 归类。 1in+ 语言 / 颜色 / 衣帽等，表示使用某种语言或穿着……。 2 ． in + Row/ Team / Class/ Grade 等，表示“在……排 / 队 / 班级 / 年级”等。 3
人教版九年级英语知识点总结 Unit 1 一、知识点 1.Check in : 在旅馆的登记入住。Check out: 在旅馆结账离开。 2.By: ①通过…..方式（途径）。例：I learn English by listening to tapes. ②在…..旁边。例：by the window/the door ③乘坐交通工具例：by bus/car ④在……之前,到……为止。例：by October在10月前 ⑤被例：English is spoken by many people. 3.how与what的区别： how通常对方式或程度提问,意思有：怎么样如何,通常用来做状语、表语。 what通常对动作的发出者或接受者提问,意思为什么,通常做宾语,主语。 ①How is your summer holiday? It’s OK.(how表示程度做表语) ②How did you travel around the world? I travel by air. ③What do you learn at school? I learn English, math and many other subjects. ①What…think of…? How…like…? ②What…do with…? How…deal with…? ③What…like about…? How…like…? ④What’s the weather like today? How’s the weather today? ⑤What to do? How to do it? e.g. What do you think of this book?=How do you like this book? I don’t know what I should do with the matter.=I don’t know how I should deal with it. What do you like about China?=How do you like China? I do n’t know what to do next step?=I don’t know how to do it next step? ㊣What good / bad weather it is today!（weather为不可数名词,其前不能加 a ） ㊣What a fine / bad day it is today! （day为可数名词,其前要加 a ） 4. aloud, loud与loudly的用法: 三个词都与"大声"或"响亮"有关。 ①aloud是副词,重点在出声能让人听见,但声音不一定很大, 常用在读书或说话上。通常放在动词之后。aloud没有比较级形式。 如: He read the story aloud to his son.他朗读那篇故事给他儿子听。 ②loud可作形容词或副词。用作副词时,常与speak, talk, laugh等动词连用,多用于比较级,须放在动词之后。如: She told us to speak a little louder. 她让我们说大声一点。 ③loudly是副词,与loud同义,有时两者可替换使用,但往往 含有令人讨厌或打扰别人的意思,可位于动词之前或之后。如: He does not talk loudly or laugh loudly in public. 他不当众大声谈笑。 5. voice 指人的嗓音也指鸟鸣。 sound 指人可以听到的各种声音。 noise 指噪音、吵闹声 6. find + 宾语+ 宾补（名词形容词介词短语分词等） 例：I find him friendly. I found him working in the garden. We found him in bed. He found the window closed. We found her honest. 7. 常见的系动词有： ①是：am 、is、are ②保持：keep、stay ③转变：e、get、turn ④……起来feel、look、smell、taste、sound 8. get + 宾语+宾补（形容词过去分词动词不定式）使某种情况发生 例：Get the shoes clean. 把鞋擦干净 让格林先生进来 I want to get my bike repaired. 我想去修自行车 You can’t get him waiting. 你不能让他老等着 9. 动词不定式做定语 ①与所修饰的名词构成主谓关系 ②与所修饰的名词构成动宾关系 I have nothing to say. I need a pen to write with. I need some paper to write on. I don’t have a room to live in. 10. practice , fun 做名词为不可数名词 11. add 补充说又说 12. join 加入某团体并成为其中一员attend 出席参加会议或讲座 join in与take part in指参加到某项活动中去。
Unit 1 1. there will be =there is / are going to be 2. less: 不可数名词 fewer 可数名词复数 less pollution fewer people 3. argue with 争吵 4. everything will be free .一切将免费 5. in the future 将来 6. 在。。。以后 In 用于将来时态in 加时间时,只表示将来的时间 I will be here in a minute.一分钟之后我就来 After 用于过去时态 He came back after 2 days. 7. An astronaut 宇航员 8. fall in love with (fell, fallen) 爱上 9. wear 穿着 a suit \ a pair of jeans put on 穿上 he is wearing a suit today. 她今天穿着一件西装 It is cold outside, please put on a sweater. 外面冷，请穿上毛衣 10. Be like = look like 看起来像 What's your sister like?你姐姐怎么样？ What does your sister look like?你姐姐长什么样子？ 11. make/ let sb do sth 让某人做某事 Make sb adj eg: It is enough to make her happy. 12. over and over 反复 13. help sb do sth Help sb with sth 14. go through 仔细检查 15.seem 用法She seems quite happy today. 今天她似乎很高兴 It seems that + 句子 It seems that you are lying. 你似乎在撒谎 Sb seems to do sth He seems to be thinking about something. 他似乎正在考虑某事 16. see / watch / hear /find sb do/ doing sth I often see Tom play soccer at school. I saw Tom watching TV when I went to visit him last night. 17. keep a pet 养宠物 18. come true.实现 19. look smart显得精神/看起来聪明 20. be able to 21. he is 8 years old. He is an 8-year-old boy. Unit 2 1. talk with /to \和。。。。讲话 2. talk about谈论 3. out of style过时 4. In style时髦的 5. call sb up 打电话 6. enough +名词 7. 形容词 + enough 8. write to sb wrote 写信 9. a key to the door 门的钥匙 10. a ticket to a ball game球赛的门票 11. the answer to the question问题的答案 12. improve my English提高英语13. ask sb for help 向人求助 14. play too loud 15. buy (bought) sth for sb 买东西给某人16. say sorry to sb 17. find 找到18. find out 经过努力发现，弄清楚19. talk about it on the phone 20. need to do 21. 人pay （paid ）money for sth 22. 4 个“花费” 23. 人 spend …doing 24. it takes sb time to do sth 25. 物 cost sb money 26. either. 也。用于否定句末 27. too 也肯定句末
九年级英语词组总结 （1—5单元）Unit 1 1.make mistakes 犯错误 https://www.doczj.com/doc/2314944611.html,ter on 以后，后来 3.it doesn’t matter 没关系 4.be afraid to do sth害怕去做 https://www.doczj.com/doc/2314944611.html,ugh at 嘲笑 6.take notes=make notes 做笔记 7.look up 查阅 8.make up 编造，组成 9.deal with 处理 10.be angry with 生…的气 11.time goes by随着时间的流逝 12.try one’s b est尽力做 13.break off突然中断 14.ask…for… 向…要 15.speaking skills说话的技巧 16.ask…about…关于…询问 17.not…at all一点也不 18.get excited about对…激动 19.end up结束 20.first of all首先，总的来说 21.to begin with起初，开始 22.be afraid of sth/doing sth害怕某事/做某事 23.make sentences造句 24.write down写下 25.make sure确信 26.worry about担心… 27.each other互相 28.solve a problem解决问题 29.r egard…as… 把…视为/当作… https://www.doczj.com/doc/2314944611.html,plain about doing sth抱怨做某事 31.change into把…变成… 32.with the help of在…的帮助下 https://www.doczj.com/doc/2314944611.html,pare…to… 把…与…作比较 34.think about考虑 35.think of想起 36.trouble sb for sth为某事麻烦某人 37.trouble sb to do sth麻烦某人做某事 38.make flashcard制作抽认卡
初中英语短语归纳. A.look 短语 1.look at看---- 7.look like看起来像 2.look for寻找8.look through浏览 3.look up查阅，向上看9.look into向—里看 4.look out向外看，小心10.look around环顾四周 5.look over 仔细检查11.look forward to期盼，期待 6.look after照顾，照料12.look ahead向前看 B.put 短语 1.put up举起，挂起，搭建 2.put on穿上，戴上，上演 3.put away 把—放好 4.put off推迟，推延 5.put down把—放下，记下 6.put out扑灭，伸出 7.put into把—放进--，把—译成-- 8.put one's heart into 全神贯注于--- C.get 短语 1.get up起床 2.get off下车 3.get on上车,相处，进展 4.get over克服，恢复，原谅 5.get back回来，返回 6.get through接通电话 7.get along进展，相处8.get into陷入-- 9.get out 出去，离开10.get together相聚 11.get ready for为—做准备12.get married结婚 13.get in the way碍事，挡道14.get to到达 D.give短语 1.give up放弃 2.give out分发 3.give away赠送，分发 4.give back归还 E.think短语 1.think of 想起，认为 2.think up想出，提出 3.think about考虑 4.think over仔细考虑 F.take 短语 1.take up 占据（时间，空间） 2.take after与(父母等)相像 3.take place发生 4.take care小心，当心 5.take off 脱下，起飞 6.take out拿出，取出 7.take away拿走，带走8.take down取下 9.take it easy从容，不紧张10.take care of照顾，照料11.take a rest休息一下12.take a shower洗澡 13.take part in参加14.take pride in对—感到自豪15.take a photo拍照16.take turns轮流，依次 17.take an interest in对—感兴趣18.take a vacation去度假
本单元语法：过去完成时。 过去完成时表示在过去某一时间点以前即“过去的过去”已经发生的动作。 Mr. Black told me that he had seen the movie three times. ⑴过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作。它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。 ⑵过去完成时的结构是：肯定由“助动词had(用于各种人称和数) + 过去分词”构成 否定式：had not + 过去分词缩写形式：hadn’t ⑶过去完成时的时间状语： ①表示过去某一时间可用by, before等构成的短语。 by the time by the end of We had finished our homework before 10 o’clock. ②可能通过when, before等引导的从句表示。 When I got there, the train had left. ③过去某一时间通过上下文来表示。 Kate hadn’t studied hard, so she didn’t pass the exam yesterday. 【语法归纳】 过去完成时与现在完成时的区别 两者主要区别是时间的参照点不同： 过去完成时的时间参照点是某个“过去的”时间；现在完成时的时间参照点是“现在”。因此现在完成时中的很多规则，也适用于过去完成时。 例句： When I got to the cinema, the film had been on for five minutes.当我到达电影院时，电影已演了五分钟了。（got是一个过去的“时间点”，电影“开始”在我“到达”之前，是“过去的过去”。因为for five minutes为延续一段的时间状语，应用可延续的系表结构be on的过去完成时形式。） 注：过去完成时是一个相对的时态，表示的是“过去的过去”，只有在和过去