Ielts Reading for Students2013.9.1

2013雅思考试阅读模拟题及答案一2013雅思考试阅读模拟题及答案一From The Economist print editionHow shops can exploit people’s herd mentality to increase sales1. A TRIP to the supermarket may not seem like an exercise in psychological warfare—but it is. Shopkeepers know that filling a store with the aroma of freshly baked bread makes people feel hungry and persuades them to buy more food than they had intended. Stocking the most expensive products at eye level makes them sell faster than cheaper but less visible competitors. Now researchers are investigating how “swarm intelligence” (that is，how ants，bees or any social animal，including humans，behave in a crowd) can be used to influence what people buy.2. At a recent conference on the simulation of adaptive behaviour in Rome，Zeeshan-ul-hassan Usmani，a computer scientist from the Florida Institute of Technology，described a new way to increase impulse buying using this phenomenon. Supermarkets already encourage shoppers to buy things they did not realise they wanted：for instance，by placing everyday items such as milk and eggs at the back of the store，forcing shoppers to walk past other tempting goods to reach them. Mr Usmani and Ronaldo Menezes，also of the Florida Institute of Technology，set out to enhance this tendency to buy more by playing on the herd instinct. The idea is that，if a certain product is seen to be popular，shoppers are likely to choose it too. The challenge is to keep customers informed about what others are buying.3. Enter smart-cart technolog y. In Mr Usmani’s supermarket every product has a radio frequency identification tag，a sort of barcode that uses radio waves to transmit information，and every trolley has a scanner that reads this information and relays it to a central computer. As a customer walks past a shelf of goods，a screen on the shelf tells him how many people currently in the shop have chosen that particular product. If the number is high，he is more likely to select it too.4. Mr Usmani’s “swarm-moves” model appeals to superma rkets because it increases sales without the need to give people discounts. And it gives shoppers the satisfaction of knowing that they bought the “right” product—that is，the one everyone else bought. The model has not yet been tested widely in the real world，mainly because radio frequency identification technology is new and has only been installed experimentally in some supermarkets. But Mr Usmani says that both Wal-Mart in America and Tesco in Britain are interested in his work，and testing will get under way in the spring.5. Another recent study on the power of social influence indicates that sales could，indeed，be boosted in this way. Matthew Salganik of Columbia University in New York and his colleagues have described creating an artificial music market in which some 14，000 people downloaded previously unknown songs. The researchers found that when people could see the songs ranked by how many times they had been downloaded，they followed the crowd. When the songs were not ordered by rank，but the number of times they had been downloaded was displayed，the effect of social influence was still there but was less pronounced. People thus follow the herd when it is easy for them to do so.6. In Japan a chain of convenience shops called RanKing RanQueen has been ordering its products according to sales data from department stores and research companies. The shops sell only the most popular items in each product category，and the rankings are updated weekly. Icosystem，a company in Cambridge，Massachusetts，also aims to exploit knowledge of social networking to improve sales.7. And the psychology that works in physical stores is just as potent on the internet. Online retailers such as Amazon are adept at telling shoppers which products are popular with like-minded consumers. Even in the privacy of your home，you can still be part of the swarm.Questions 1-6Complete the sentences below with words taken from the reading passage. Use NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.1. Shopowners realize that the smell of _______________ can increase sales of food products.2. In shops，products shelved at a more visible level sell better even if they are more _______________.3. According to Mr. Usmani，with the use of “swarm intelligence” phenomenon，a new method can be applied to encourage_______________.4. On the way to everyday items at the back of the store，shoppers might be tempted to buy _______________.5. If the number of buyers shown on the _______________ is high，other customers tend to follow them.6. Using the “swarm-moves” model，shopowners do not have to give customers _______________ to increase sales.Questions 7-12Do the following statements agree with the information given in the reading passage? For questions 7-12 writeYES if the statement agrees with the informationNO if the statement contraicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this in the passage7. Radio frequency identification technology has been installed experimentally in big supermarkets like Wal-Mart.8. People tend to download more unknown songs than songs they are familiar with.9. Songs ranked high by the number of times being downloaded are favored by customers.10. People follow the others to the same extent whether it is convenient or not.11. Items sold in some Japanese stores are simply chosen according to the sales data of other shops.12. Swarm intelligence can also be observed in everyday life.Answer keys：1. 答案：(freshly baked) bread. (第1段第2 行：Shoppers know that fillinga store with the aroma of freshly baked bread makes people feel hungry and persuades them to buy more food than they intended.)2. 答案：expensive. (第1段第4 行：Stocking the most expensive products at eye level makes them sell faster than cheaper but less visible competitors.)3. 答案：impulse buying. (第2段第1 句：At a recent conference on the simulation of adaptive behaviour in Rome，Zeeshan- ul- hassan Usmani，a computer scientist from the Florida Institute of Technology，described a new way to increase impulse buying using this phenomenon.)4. 答案：other (tempting) goods/things/products. (第2段第2 句：Supermarkets already encourage shoppers to buy things they did not realise they wanted：for instance，by placing everyday items such as milk and eggs at the back of the store，forcing shoppers to walk past other tempting goods to reach them.)5. 答案：screen. (第3段第4 行：As a customer walks past a shelf of goods，a screen on the shelf tells him how many people currently in the shop have chosen that particular product. If the number is high，he is more likely to select it too.)6. 答案：discounts. (第4段第第1句：Mr Usmani’s “swarm- moves” model appeals to supermarkets because it increases sales without the need to give people discounts.)7. 答案：NO. (第4段第3、4 句：The model has not yet been tested widely in the real world，mainly because radio frequency identification technology is new and has only been installed experimentally in some supermarkets. But Mr Usmani says that both Wal- Mart in America an Tesco in Britain are interestd in his workd，and testing will get under way in the spring. 短语“get under way”的意思是“开始进行”，在Wal-Mart的试验要等到春天才开始)8. 答案：NOT GIVEN. (在文中没有提及该信息)9. 答案：YES。

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剑桥雅思8-第三套试题-阅读部分-PASSAGE 1-阅读真题原文部分:READING PASSAGE 1You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13 which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.Striking Back at Lightning With LasersSeldom is the weather more dramatic than when thunderstorms strike. Their electrical fury inflicts death or serious injury on around 500 people each year in the United States alone. As the clouds roll in, a leisurely round of golf can become a terrifying dice with death - out in the open, a lone golfer may be a lightning bolt's most inviting target. And there is damage to property too. Lightning damage costs American power companies more than $100 million a year.But researchers in the United States and Japan are planning to hit back. Already in laboratory trials they have tested strategies for neutralising the power of thunderstorms, and this winter they will brave real storms, equipped with an armoury of lasers that they will be pointing towards the heavens to discharge thunderclouds before lightning can strike.The idea of forcing storm clouds to discharge their lightning on command is not new. In the early 1960s, researchers tried firing rockets trailing wires into thunderclouds to set up an easy discharge path for the huge electric charges that these clouds generate. The technique survives to this day at a test site in Florida run by the University of Florida, with support from the Electrical Power Research Institute (EPRI), based in California. EPRI, which is funded by powercompanies, is looking at ways to protect the United States' power grid from lightning strikes. 'We can cause the lightning to strike where we want it to using rockets, ' says Ralph Bernstein, manager of lightning projects at EPRI. The rocket site is providing precise measurements of lightning voltages and allowing engineers to check how electrical equipment bears up.Bad behaviourBut while rockets are fine for research, they cannot provide the protection from lightning strikes that everyone is looking for. The rockets cost around $1, 200 each, can only be fired at a limited frequency and their failure rate is about 40 per cent. And even when they do trigger lightning, things still do not always go according to plan. 'Lightning is not perfectly well behaved, ' says Bernstein. 'Occasionally, it will take a branch and go someplace it wasn't supposed to go. 'And anyway, who would want to fire streams of rockets in a populated area? 'What goes up must come down, ' points out Jean-Claude Diels of the University of New Mexico. Diels is leading a project, which is backed by EPRI, to try to use lasers to discharge lightning safely - and safety is a basic requirement since no one wants to put themselves or their expensive equipment at risk. With around $500, 000 invested so far, a promising system is just emerging from the laboratory.The idea began some 20 years ago, when high-powered lasers were revealing their ability to extract electrons out of atoms and create ions. If a laser could generate a line of ionisation in the air all the way up to a storm cloud, this conducting path could be used to guide lightning to Earth, before the electric field becomes strong enough to break down the air in an uncontrollable surge. To stop the laser itself being struck, it would not be pointed straight at theclouds. Instead it would be directed at a mirror, and from there into the sky. The mirror would be protected by placing lightning conductors close by. Ideally, the cloud-zapper (gun)would be cheap enough to be installed around all key power installations, and portable enough to be taken to international sporting events to beam up at brewing storm clouds.A stumbling blockHowever, there is still a big stumbling block. The laser is no nifty portable: it's a monster that takes up a whole room. Diels is trying to cut down the size and says that a laser around the size of a small table is in the offing. He plans to test this more manageable system on live thunderclouds next summer.Bernstein says that Diels's system is attracting lots of interest from the power companies. But they have not yet come up with the $5 million that EPRI says will be needed to develop a commercial system, by making the lasers yet smaller and cheaper. 'I cannot say I have money yet, but I'm working on it, ' says Bernstein. He reckons that the forthcoming field tests will be the turning point - and he's hoping for good news. Bernstein predicts 'an avalanche of interest and support' if all goes well. He expects to see cloud-zappers eventually costing 100, 000 each.Other scientists could also benefit. With a lightning 'switch' at their fingertips, materials scientists could find out what happens when mighty currents meet matter. Diels also hopes to see the birth of 'interactive meteorology' - not just forecasting the weather but controlling it. 'If we could discharge clouds, we might affect the weather, ' he says.And perhaps, says Diels, we'll be able to confront some other meteorological menaces. 'We think we could prevent hail by inducing lightning, ' he says. Thunder, the shock wave that comes from a lightning flash, is thoughtto be the trigger for the torrential rain that is typical of storms. A laser thunder factory could shake the moisture out of clouds, perhaps preventing the formation of the giant hailstones that threaten crops. With luck, as the storm clouds gather this winter, laser-toting researchers could, for the first time, strike back.Questions 1-3Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.Write the correct letter in boxes 1-3 on your answer sheet.1 The main topic discussed in the text isA the damage caused to US golf courses and golf players by lightning strikes.B the effect of lightning on power supplies in the US and in Japan.C a variety of methods used in trying to control lightning strikes.D a laser technique used in trying to control lightning strikes.2 According to the text, every year lightningA does considerable damage to buildings during thunderstorms.B kills or injures mainly golfers in the United States.C kills or injures around 500 people throughout the world.D damages more than 100 American power companies.3 Researchers at the University of Florida and at the University of New MexicoA receive funds from the same source.B are using the same techniques.C are employed by commercial companies.D are in opposition to each other.Questions 11-13Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?In boxes 11-13 on your answer sheet writeYES if the statement agrees with the claims of the writerNO if the statement contradicts the claims of the writerNOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this11 Power companies have given Diels enough money to develop his laser.12 Obtaining money to improve the lasers will depend on tests in real storms.13 Weather forecasters are intensely interested in Diels's system.READING PASSAGE 1篇章结构解题地图难度系数：★★★解题顺序：按题目顺序解答即可友情提示：烤鸭们注意：本文中的SUMMARY题目顺序有改变，解题要小心；MULTIPLE CHOICE的第三题是个亮点，爱浮想联翩的烤鸭们可能会糊掉。

2013.9.12雅思作文英文回答:The prompt for the 2013.9.12 IELTS essay is not disclosed here, but I will provide a comprehensive response in both English and Chinese. I will ensure that the languages are not mixed together and will aim for a minimum of 1000 words.English Answer:In today's globalized world, the ability to speak multiple languages is becoming increasingly important. The benefits of being bilingual or multilingual are numerous and can greatly enhance one's personal and professional life.Firstly, being able to speak multiple languages opens up a world of opportunities. It allows individuals to communicate with people from different cultures, fosteringunderstanding and building relationships. This is particularly valuable in the business world, where companies are increasingly operating on a global scale. Being able to speak the language of potential clients or partners can give individuals a competitive edge and open doors to new markets.Moreover, speaking multiple languages can also improve cognitive abilities. Research has shown that bilingual individuals have better problem-solving skills and are more creative. Learning a new language requires the brain to work harder, which can lead to improved memory and concentration. Additionally, being bilingual has been linked to a reduced risk of age-related cognitive decline and diseases such as Alzheimer's.Furthermore, being able to speak multiple languages can also provide personal fulfillment. It allows individuals to connect with their heritage and culture, preserving and passing on traditions and values to future generations. It also enables individuals to fully immerse themselves in different cultures, enhancing travel experiences andfostering a deeper appreciation for diversity.中文回答：在当今全球化的世界中，能够说多种语言的能力变得越来越重要。

Sleep medication linked to bizarre behaviourNew evidence has linked a commonly prescribed sleep medication with bizarre behaviours， including a case in which a woman painted her front door in her sleep.UK and Australian health agencies have released information about 240 cases of odd occurrences， including sleepwalking， amnesia and hallucinations among people taking the drug zolpidem.While doctors say that zolpidem can offer much-needed relief for people with sleep disorders， they caution that these newly reported cases should prompt a closer look at its possible side effects.Zolpidem， sold under the brand names Ambien， Stilnoct and Stilnox， is widely prescribed to treat insomnia and other disorders such as sleep apnea. Various forms of the drug， made by French pharmaceutical giant Sanofi-Aventis， were prescribed 674，500 times in 2005 in the UK.A newly published report from Australia’s Federal Health Department describes 104 cases of hallucinations and 62 cases of amnesia experienced by people taking zolpidem since marketing of the drug began there in 2000. The health department report also mentioned 16 cases of strangesleepwalking by people taking the medication.Midnight snackIn one of these sleepwalking cases a patient woke with a paintbrush in her hand after painting the front door to her house. Another case involved a woman who gained 23 kilograms over seven months while taking zolpidem. “It was only when she was discovered in front of an open refrigerator while asleep that the problem was resolved，” according to the report.The UK’s Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency， meanwhile，has recorded 68 cases of adverse reactions to zolpidem from 2001 to 2005.The newly reported cases in the UK and Australia add to a growing list of bizarre sleepwalking episodes linked to the drug in other countries， including reports of people sleep-driving while on the medication. In one case， a transatlantic flight had to be diverted after a passenger caused havoc after taking zolpidem.Hypnotic effectsThere is no biological pathway that has been proven to connect zolpidem with these behaviours. The drug is a benzodiazepine-like hypnotic that promotes deep sleep by interacting with brain receptors for a chemical called gamma-aminobutyric acid. While parts of the brain become less active during deep sleep， the body can still move， making sleepwalking a possibility.The product information for prescribers advises that psychiatric adverse effects， including hallucinations， sleepwalking and nightmares， are more likely in the elderly， and treatment should be stopped if they occur.Patient advocacy groups say they would like government health agencies and drug companies to take a closer look at the possible risks associated with sleep medicines. They stress that strange sleepwalking and sleep-driving behaviours can have risky consequences.“When people do something in which they’re not in full control it’s always a danger，” says Vera Sharav of the New York-based Alliance for Human Research Protection， a US network that advocates responsible and ethical medical research practices.Tried and tested“The more reports that come out about the potential side effects of the drug，the more research needs to be done to understand if these are real side effects，” says sleep researcher Kenneth Wright at the University of Colorado in Boulder，US.Millions of people have taken the drug without experiencing any strange sideeffects， points out Richard Millman at Brown Medical School， director of the Sleep Disorders Center of Lifespan Hospitals in Providence， Rhode Island， US. He says that unlike older types of sleep medications， zolpidem does not carry as great a risk of addiction.And Wright notes that some of the reports of “sleep-driving” linke d to zolpidem can be easily explained： some patients have wrongly taken the drug right before leaving work in hopes that the medicine will kick in by the time they reach home. Doctors stress that the medication should be taken just before going to bed.The US Food & Drug Administration says it is continuing to "actively investigate" and collect information about cases linking zolpidem to unusual side effects.The Ambien label currently lists strange behaviour as a “special concern” for people taking the drug. “It’s a possible rare adverse event，” says Sanofi-Aventis spokesperson Melissa Feltmann， adding that the strange sleepwalking behaviours “may not necessarily be caused by the drug” but instead result from an underlying disorder. She says that “the s afety profile [of zolpidem] is well established”. The drug received approval in the US in 1993.Questions 1-6 Do the following statements agree with the information given in the reading passage？In boxes 1-6 on your answer sheet writeTRUE if the statement is true according to the passageFALSE if the statement is false according to the passageNOT GIVEN if the information is not given in the passage1. Ambien， Stilnoct and Stilnox are brand names of one same drug treating insomnia.2. The wo man’s obesity problem wasn’t resolved until she stopped taking zolpidem.3. Zolpidem received approval in the UK in 2001.4. The bizarre behaviour of a passenger after taking zolpidem resulted in the diversion of a flight bound for the other side of the Atlantic.5. Zolpidem is the only sleep medication that doesn’t cause addiction.6. The sleep-driving occurrence resulted from the wrong use of zolpidem by an office worker.Question 7-9 Choose the appropriate letters A-D and Write them in boxes 7-9 on your answer sheet.7. How many cases of bizarre behaviours are described in an official report from Australia？A. 68B. 104C. 182D. 2408. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the product information about zolpidem？A. Treatment should be stopped if side effects occur.B. Medication should be taken just before going to bed.C. Adverse effects are more likely in the elderly.D. Side effects include nightmares， hallucinations and sleepwalking.9. Who claimed that the safety description of zolpidem was well established？A. Kenneth WrightB. Melissa FeltmannC. Richard MillmanD. Vera SharavQuestions 10-13 Answer the following questions with NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS each in boxes 10-13.10. How many times was French-made zolpidem prescribed in 2005 in Britain？11. What kind of hypnotic is zolpidem as a drug which promotes deep sleep in patients？12. What can sleepwalking and sleep-driving behaviours cause according to patient advocacy groups？13. What US administration says that it has been investigating the cases relating zolpidem to unusual side effects？Answer keys and explanations：1. TrueSee para.3 from the beginning： Zolpidem， sold under the brand names Ambien，Stilnoct and Stilnox， is widely prescribed to treat insomnia and other disorders such as sleep apnea.2. FalseSee para.1 under the subtitle “Midnight snack”： Another case involved a woman who gained 23 kilograms over seven months while taking zolpidem. “It was only when she was discovered in front of an open refrigerator while asleep that the problem was resolved”…3. Not GivenSee para.2 under the subtitle “Midnight snack”：The UK’s Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency， meanwhile， has recorded 68 cases of adverse reactions to zolpidem from 2001 to 2005. (The time the drug was approved in the UK was not mentioned.)4. TrueSee para.3 under the subtitle “Midnight snack”： In one case， a transatlantic flight had to be diverted after a passenger caused havoc after taking zolpidem.5. FalseSee para.2 under the subtitle “Tried and tested”： He says that unlike older types of sleep medications， zolpidem does not carry as great a risk of addiction.6. Not GivenSee para.3 under the subtitle “Tried and tested”： And Wright notes that some of the reports of “sleep-driving” linked to zolpidem can be easily explained：some patients have wrongly taken the drug right before leaving work in hopes that the medicine will kick in by the time they reach home. (No patients as office workers are mentioned in the passage.)7. CSee para.4 from the beginning： A newly published report from Australia’s Federal Health Department describes 104 cases of hallucinations and 62 cases of amnesia experienced by people taking zolpidem since marketing of the drug began there in 2000. The health department report also mentioned 16 cases of strange sleepwalking by people taking the medication.8. BSee the sentence in para.2 under the subtitle “Hypnotic effects” (The productinformation for prescribers advises that psychiatric adverse effects， including hallucinations， sleepwalking and nightmares， are more likely in the elderly，and treatment should be stopped if they occur.) and the sentence in para.3 under the subtitle “Tried and tested” (Doctors “not the product information” stress that the medication should be taken just before going to bed.)9. BSee para.5 under the subtitle “Tried and tested”： Sanofi-Aventis spokesperson Melissa Feltmann … says that “the safety profile [of zolpidem] is well established”.10. 674，500 (times)See para.3 from the beginning： Various forms of the drug， made by French pharmaceutical giant Sanofi-Aventis， were prescribed 674，500 times in 2005 in the UK.11. (a) benzodiazepine-like (hypnotic)See para.1 under the subtitle “Hypnotic effects”： The drug is a benzodiazepine-like hypnotic (类苯二氮催眠药)that promotes deep sleep by interacting with brain receptors for a chemical called gamma-aminobutyric acid.12. risky consequencesSee para.3 under the subtit le “Hypnotic effects”：Patient advocacy groups … stress that strange sleepwalking and sleep-driving behaviours can have risky consequences.13. Food & Drug (Administration)See para.4 under the subtitle “Tried and tested”： The US Food & Drug Administration says it is continuing to "actively investigate" and collect information about cases linking zolpidem to unusual side effects.以上就是新东方网雅思频道为大家整理的2013年雅思阅读模拟试题及答案解析，非常实用。

雅思IELTS剑9测试二reading1剑桥雅思9 测试二Reading Passage 1You should spend about 20 minutes on Question 1-13 which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.AHearing impairment or other auditory function deficit in young children can have a major impact on their development of speech and communication, resulting in a detrimental effect on their ability to learn at school. This is likely to have major consequences for the individual and the population as a whole. The New Zealand Ministry of Health has found from research carried out over two decades that 6-19% of children in that country are affected by hearing loss.BA preliminary study in New Zealand has shown that classroom noise presents a major concern for teachers and pupils. Modern teaching practices, the organization of desks in the classroom, poor classroom acoustics, and mechanical means of ventilation such as air-conditioning units all contribute to the number of children unable to compre hend the teacher’s voice. Education researchers Nelson and Soli have also suggested that recent trends in learning often involve collaborative interaction of multiple minds and tools as much as individual possession of information. This all amounts to heightened activity and noise levels, which have the potential to be particularly serious for children experiencing auditory function deficit. Noise in classrooms can only exacerbate their difficulty in comprehending and processing verbal communication with other children andinstructions from the teacher.CChildren with auditory function deficit are potentially failing to learn to their maximum potential because of noise levels generated in classrooms. The effects of noise on the ability of children to learn effectively in typical classroom environments are now the subject of increasing concern. The International Institute of Noise Control Engineering (I-INCE), on the advice of the World Health Organization, has established an international working party, which includes New Zealand, to evaluate noise and reverberation control for school rooms.While the detrimental effects of noise in classroom situations are not limited to children experiencing disability, those with a disability that affects their processing of speech and verbal communication could be extremely vulnerable. The auditory function deficits in question include hearing impairment, autistic spectrum disorders (ASD) and attention deficit disorders (ADD/ADHD).DAutism is considered a neurological and genetic life-long disorder that causes discrepancies in the way information is processed. This disorder is characterized by interlinking problems with social imagination, social communication and social interaction. According to Janzen, this affects the ability to understand and relate in typical ways to people, understand events and objects in the environment, and understand or respond to sensory stimuli. Autism does not allow learning or thinking in the same ways as in children who are developing normally. Autistic spectrum disorders often result in major difficulties in comprehending verbal information and speechprocessing. Those experiencing these disorders often find sounds such as crowd noise and the noise generated by machinery painful and distressing. This is difficult to scientifically quantify as such extra-sensory stimuli vary greatly from one autistic individual to another. But a child who finds any type of noise in their classroom or learning space intrusive is likely to be adversely affected in their ability to process information.EThe attention deficit disorders are indicative of neurological and genetic disorders and are characterized by difficulties with sustain ing attention, effort and persistence, organization skills and disinhibition. Children experiencing these disorders find it difficult to screen out unimportant information, and focus on everything in the environment rather than attending to a single activity. Background noise in the classroom becomes a major distraction, which can affect their ability to concentrate.FChildren experiencing an auditory function deficit can often find speech and communication very difficult to isolate and process when set against high levels of background noise. These levels come from outside activities that penetrate the classroom structure, from teaching activities, and other noise generated inside, which can be exacerbated by roomreverberation. Strategies are needed to obtain the optimum classroom construction and perhaps a change in classroom culture and methods of teaching. In particular, the effects of noisy classrooms and activities on those experiencing disabilities in the form of auditory function deficit need thorough investigation. It is probable that many undiagnosed children exist in the e ducation system with‘invisible’ disabilities. Their needs areless likely to be met than those of children with known disabilities.GThe New Zealand Government has developed a New Zealand Disability Strategy and has embarked on a wide-ranging consultation process. The strategy recognizes that people experiencing disability face significant barriers in achieving a full quality of life in areas such as attitude, education, employment and access to services. Objective 3 of the New Zealand Disability Strategy is to ‘Provide the Best Education for Disabled People’ by improving education so that all ch ildren, youth learners and adult learners will have equal opportunities to learn and develop within their already existing local school. For a successful education, the learning environment is vitally significant, so any effort to improve this is likely to be of great benefit to all children, but especially to those with auditory function disabilities.HA number of countries are already in the process of formulating their own standards for the control and reduction of classroom noise. New Zealand will probably follow their example. The literature to date on noise in school rooms appears to focus on the effects on schoolchildren in general, their teachers and the hearing impaired. Only limited attention appears to have been given to those students experiencing the other disabilities involving auditory function deficit. It is imperative that the needs of these children are taken into account in the setting of appropriate international standards to be promulgated in future.生词查了一遍Aimpairment名：损伤，损害auditory听觉的，听觉器官的。

2013年9月雅思写作权威预测A类小作文Line = 剑5第1套剑7第2套剑9第4套Pie = 剑7第4套剑8第2套剑9第3套Table = 剑5第4套剑7第1套剑4第1套Map = 剑5第3套剑9第1套G类小作文邀请信| 建议信1. Some people believe that students should learn far more from modern technologies like the Internet and TV than teachers at school. To what extent do you agree or disagree?2. Some people believe college should learn some basic subjects like mathematics and physics. However, others believe that they should learn something helpful in their future career. Discuss both sides and give your own opinion.3. People would buy some stuff only because they fulfill their requests, but not for the promotion of advertising, so the function of advertising is nothing but to entertain. To what extent do you agree or disagree?4. The digital books and newspapers help people get information efficiently, compared with paper-made books. Do you think this is a positive or a negative trend?5. Many countries face the problem that proportion of aging population is increasing rapidly. What are the effects on both individuals as well as the society? What precautions should take before this problem?6. In the past, people would repair their old stuff if it is broken, but nowadays people get used to throw away the thing even they are still functional. What are the causes of this situation? What are the effects of this problem?7. Some people believe environmental protection is the obligation for the local government but not individuals, so citizens can do little on this problem. To what extent do you agree or disagree?8. Some people believe that we should always put criminals in prison as long as possible. Other think the community service is a good way to deal with crime issue. Discuss both sides and give your own opinion.9. As an international tourist, one should always adhere to the local customs and traditions while the traveling. Do you think this is a positive or a negative trend?10. Some people think government should use more tax on the basic facilities like education and health care, but not the supporting on sports and other less important things. To what extent do you agree or disagree?11. The wealth is the most important factor of happiness, while there are also other factors for individual’s happiness. Why is th ere different definition of happiness? Discuss both sides and give your own opinion.12. Some people believe that in each company, it is important to employ equal number of male and female workers. Do the advantages outweigh the disadvantages?13. The cheap air flight will give people more freedom of traveling, but bring more problems at the same time. What are those problems? Do you think this is a positive or a negative trend?14. Some people like to change their jobs as quickly as possible. However, others want to stay in one company for their whole life. Discuss both sides and give your own opinion.15. Wealth is an important standard in modern society, for many people spend most of their time in earning money. What are other standards of success? Which one do you think is the most important?16. In some cultures, the old are more valued. However, in other cultures, the young are more valued. Discuss both sides and give your own opinion.17. Some people believe that the invention of modern technology enables people to live in a simple rather than complex way. To what extent do you agree or disagree?18. The government should make all efforts to protect the lesser-known languages from dying out. However, others believe that it is a waste of financial support. Discuss both sides and give your own opinion.19. Some people believe that a country should create all kinds of foods by themselves, for the imported foods have damages on the local development. To what extent do you agree or disagree?20. Everyone should have a healthy living habit, for it is individual obligation to keep health, instead of governmental responsibility. To what extent do you agree or disagree?9月上半月雅思口语权威预测Part1第一大类基本信息类1. Name 必考全名，中文名字含义，未来换否2. Study or work超高频上学上班如果上学：大学问专业，高中问最喜欢学科如果上班：工作内容，想换吗，参加过培训吗(DP)，工作后喜欢做什么3. Hometown超高频哪里，喜欢吗，特别的地方(建筑或地方)，过去几年的发展，未来想在什么地方生活(DP)4. Weather喜欢什么天气，家乡天气如何，近些年的变化9月重点提防1. Family介绍你的家庭，家庭关系如何，家庭出现矛盾怎么处理2. Friends朋友多吗，如何交朋友，去哪里找到外国朋友，如何维护友谊第二大类衣食住行1. Living超高频住flat还是house，最喜欢哪个房间，如果重新装修会怎样，理想的房子2. Building喜欢什么建筑，传统的还是现代的，最喜欢哪个建筑，未来建筑会什么样3. Countryside去过郊区吗，喜欢吗，未来郊区会变成什么样子，郊区和城市的对比(DP)4. Park超高频居住地公园多吗，喜欢去吗，做什么5. Housework平时做家务吗，做什么，小孩子应该做家务吗，为什么6. Cooking超高频会做饭吗，人们应该学习做饭吗，你们国家人喜欢家里吃还是饭店吃你认为什么是健康食物7. Clothing超高频喜欢什么衣服，颜色会影响买衣服吗，居住地的衣服贵吗，过去和现在衣服的对比(DP)8. Shopping and online shopping喜欢购物吗，跟谁，频率，什么地方;喜欢网络购物吗，买什么，未来发展9. Public transport超高频居住地的交通如何，公共交通如何，你喜欢什么交通方式，未来如何改善城市交通10. Sleeping超高频几点睡/几点起床，睡前干什么，如果睡不着怎么办11. Daily routine你的典型一天，最喜欢哪个时间段(早中晚)，都干什么9月重点提防1. Driving and cars会开车吗，更喜欢开车还是坐在后面，有过长途驾驶经验吗喜欢什么车，想购买什么车，中国人喜欢什么车第三大类娱乐休闲类1. TV program 超高频喜欢看电视吗，什么节目，家里人看电视喜好一样吗，什么节目在中国流行2. Music喜欢什么类型音乐，什么时候，地方听;会乐器吗，人们应该学习乐器吗3. Painting/Drawing超高频学过画画吗，有什么绘画技巧，小孩子应该学习绘画吗，为什么4. Dancing会跳舞吗，喜欢什么舞蹈，在你们国家什么舞蹈流行5. Photography超高频喜欢摄影吗，喜欢照什么，喜欢给别人照还是别人给你照，喜欢收藏照片吗(DP)6. Museum喜欢去博物馆吗，什么类型的，博物馆应该收费吗，为什么7. Boating超高频喜欢划船吗，在哪儿，什么时候，划船的好处8. Postcard喜欢明信片吗，收到过吗，明信片与邮件的区别9月重点提防1. Bag喜欢吗，什么类型，丢过吗，过去和现在用的包包区别第四大类抽象类1. Concentration超高频注意力重要吗，你的注意力好吗，如何培养注意力2. Patience超高频耐心重要吗，你的耐心好吗，如何培养耐心3. Art超高频你喜欢艺术吗，最喜欢什么艺术，居住地的艺术馆多吗，因该更多吗4. Busy or not超高频喜欢忙还是闲，什么时候最忙，忙的时候有压力吗5. Writing喜欢写作吗，高中时候写什么，写作的好处9月重点提防1. Happiness什么是快乐，金钱和快乐的关系，如何让自己更快乐第五大类二变一类1. Toy超高频同年喜欢什么玩具，现在玩具和过去的区别，为什么一些成年人保留玩具2. Advertisement超高频家乡的广告多吗，你怎么看广告?你容易受到广告影响吗?3. Trees and forest超高频你居住地的树多吗，中国人喜欢什么树，有著名的森林吗，你去过吗4. Mobile phone用手机多吗，更喜欢打电话还是发短信，未来电话会被取代吗5. News通常如何获取新闻，会上网看新闻吗，网络新闻的特点6. Gift超高频中国人喜欢送礼吗，什么情况下送，选什么作为礼物，你喜欢收到的礼物吗7. Computer and internet超高频平时用电脑多吗，上网都干什么，网络给人们生活带来什么影响Part 21. People and animals2. Places and buildings3. Objects4. Events and experiences5. Media and entertainmentPeople and animals1. An old person you respect2. A good parent3. A polite person you know4. A good neighbor5. Someone having an important job6. A person who became your friend on the first day you met7. Someone who taught you a useful skill8. An interesting person you know9. Your favorite musician/singer/music band10. A teenager you know11. A famous/successful person in your country9月重点提防1. An interesting wild animal2. A couple having a happy marriage3. A leader you admire4. A person in news you want to meetPlaces and buildings1. An interesting foreign country2. A city (you want to go to/you’ve been to)3. A seaside place you’d like to visit4. A place you studies or worked in5. A café6. A library7. A place you go for music8. A shopping street9. A crowded place10. A room you spent most of your time in11. A river/lake/part of sea you like9月重点提防1. A natural beauty2. A ancient buildingObjects1. A book (someone recommended to you/you want to read again)2. An interesting family photo3. A toy that was important to you in childhood4. A piece of Clothing5. An electronic equipment you bought for you house6. An important plant in your country7. A gift (you gave to a friend/a friend game you)9月重点提防1. A vehicle you’d like to buy2. Something expensive you boughtEvents and experiences事件类1. An interesting historic event2. An outdoor activity3. Something keeping you healthy (sport)4. A performance you watched5. A talk or speech you listened to经历类1. A change you made recently2. A perfect holiday3. A trip by public transport4. A situation of being late5. A home visit at your home6. A special meal7. A picnic you took part in8. A party you’d like to throw9. A happy event taking place recently10. A situation you helped someone/someone who helped you11. A childhood game you often played12. A story someone told you when you were a child难度题1. A school rule2. A science class3. A math lesson/something important you learnt from a math lesson4. A job you’d like to try5. A foreign language you’d like to learn(not English)9月重点提防1. A wedding you took part in2. A sport event3. Bad weather you experiencedMedia and entertainment1. A TV program or film making you laugh2. An advertisement making you buy something3. A radio program4. An important message you received5. A useful website6. A song that is meaningful to you解析：part1的话题要按部就班一个一个的clear掉，不要找捷径嫁接，会违背part1的采分原则;而part2的话题要进行主线串联，比如该预测中，人物题的近20张卡片，最后只需说4条主线就足够了。

2013年9月雅思写作考试题汇总+解析9月7日BY 上海环球雅思邹燕萍提示：首先分析题目，类似于地图题。

有两张，介绍了美国和日本办公室的相关格局。

之所以只能说类似于地图题，是因为过往的经验告知大家，地图类一般考的最多的都是城镇变迁这个类别。

这次考试的图型不是流程图，近似于地图。

但不是体现时间变化的地图，而是类似于两个地方同一个时间点的格局比较。

没有明显时间标志词的时候，时态上可以选择一般现在时。

写作方法上，原则上一个图形写一段。

然后是读题，小作文忌讳主观评论，更需要的是客观描述图形。

比如本次考试，可以先看第一个日本办公室，总体是按照部门从上到下来落座；而美国的办公室更多按照功能来划分，从左到右来落座，分成功能房，员工区，管理区。

不建议学生过多的添加主观评论，比如日本人是一个压迫式的格局，美国是一个平等的格局等等。

措辞需要客观。

框架提示：开头段The two diagrams illustrate the structure in a typical Japanese office compared with that in an American office.中间第一段A careful analysis of the first diagram makes it clear that seats are generally arranged based on one’s title. Specifically, it is the general manager who holds the central as well as top position in the office. As to other employees, they are divided, horizontally, into different groups. Within each section, the white-collar workers are seated on either side of the table, with their section manager sitting in the front.中间第二段Different from what is organized in Japanese offices, the American tend to utilize the space by function. The office is separated, from left to right, into three parts. On the left side, there are four rooms for copying, storage as well as conference. Adjacent to these four rooms are a number of independent studios for employees who are seated in the middle of the office. On the right side are several rooms for section managers and the general manager. Most notably, the seat for the general manager is located in the lowest right corner, contrary to the top middle position for the manager in Japan.结尾段In summary, clear from these two pictures is the specific organization of a typical Japanese office versus that of an American. It is noticeable that the Japanese tend to arrange the space according to one’s position while the American prefer a function-based office.二雅思大作文部分题目：Nuclear energy is the best source of power in meeting ever-increasing energy needs，To what extent do you agree or disagree?提示：分析文章关键词是“nuclear energy”,题目类型是观点类别的，所以需要考生开头段提出自己明确的观点。

1月5号雅思A类大作文reading for pleasure can be better developed in imagination and language skills than watching tv. to what extent you agree or disagree. 小作文是pie charts-离开和留在英国的不同原因。

雅思写作G类大作文Task 2 Some people Believe Children should do what their parents tell them to do. Others think children must learn thinking themselves. Discuss both and give your opinion!1月10日小作文：比较音乐，时尚，体育杂志六年间的销量，只有一张曲线图。

大作文：工作不满意人生就没意义，赞成不赞成1月12日A类task1——Bar——The bar charts show the different birth rate in five countries in 2 years. task2——教育——In some countries, the parents expect children tospend long time in studying both in and after school and have less freetime. Do you think it has positive or negative effects on children andthe society?G类task1——申请信task2——育儿——Some people believe children should do what theirparents tell them to do. Others think children must learn thinkingthemselves. Discuss both and give your opinion.1月19日A类小作文饼图大作文题目：childcare is an important task for nations. it is suggested that all mothers and fathers should be required to take childcare courses. to what extent do you agree or disagree2月2日A类task1——Bar charts——the percentage of boys and girls getting high grades in a country in 1960 and 2000.task2——育儿——Some people think it's all bad for children to watch TV, others believe watching TV can bring positive effects on children when they grow up, discuss both and give your own opinion.G类G类大作文为预测中的生活与社会类的结合。

优格雅思《口语救星》9月新题更新一以下为《口语救星》9月份的新题第一部分，因为更新的话题个数不多，所以没有整版更新，直接以补丁的形式更新，其他新题我们还在收集整理中，会尽快发布后面的更新，等所有新题收集齐后，会统一更新37版。

请大家关注官方的《口语救星》微博或咨询客服。

目录1.离不开的东西（除手机和电脑） (2)2.家族企业 (2)3.一个名人 (3)4.搬家的经历 (5)5.与陌生人谈话 (6)6.不喜欢的一门课 (7)1.离不开的东西（除手机和电脑）Describe sth. that you cannot do without (except for phones or computers) You should say:What is it (are they)?Why you cannot get away from it (them)?Sample:The stuff I cannot get away from is my watch, without which I feel that I lose control of myself, as I keep on thinking what time it is. My watch can keep me calm and it's an indispensiblc part of my life.I got my first watch on my tenth birthday from my grandma. It's a lovely pink watch designed in the shape of a Hello-kitty, which, however, I lost whileplaying with friends, for which 1 was sad for a long time. At that time, watch was just a beautiful decoration to me, since I had not much idea of time as a kid. Then on my enrolled in secondary school, I received a special watch from my cousin, which was in blue, my favourite colour. It's unique for it only had two hands, one for hour, the other for minute. What's more, there were no numbers in the watch, but just four short lines in the places of three, six, nine and twelve o'clock respectively. At first, I was not used to it, and had difficulty in telling the time, but at night I could see the lines clearly. I got to used to it gradually, and I could tell exactly what time it was. Others, however, were confused at seeing my watch. It seemed that telling time was the secret between my watch and me, of which I was proud2.家族企业Describe a family businessYou should say:What kind of business?How do you come to know it?What kind of clients it targets?Why it is successful?Sample:I'd like to talk about a family business selling a full range of clothes. It's the one run by the family of my brother-in-law's, and I got to know it after my sister was engaged to her husband. Their shops are those in small cities and towns where people care more about the quality and price of clothes, rather than the brand.Mother of my brother-in-law's, together with her family started to open retail-chain selling clothes in Xi'an about fifteen years ago. His mother was responsible for selecting and purchasing clothes from the wholesale merchants', and his father was in charge of selling and other affairs. The competition was not so fierce at that time, and they did well in running their first two shops. Then they succeeded in persuading their relatives in investing in them, and more than twenty shops are in running. Family members, especially the young generation, the peers of my brother-in-law, gradually take up the business.I had a visit to one shop of theirs, which is about 100 square meters, with four sections selling clothes for children, male, female and the old respectively. My brother-in-law told me the success of their business is that they are strict with the quality of clothes from very beginning which won them loads of customers who are regular customers, and that with so many chains available, people trust in their clothes. Because of the increasing competition and the huge influence of the e-business, however, their business is not so successful as before. My brother-in-law has started a shop online which is not bad, which I think highly of.3.一个名人Describe a famous person who is important to your countly.You should say:Who he/she isWhy he/she is important to your country.What do you think of him/her ?Sample:The famous person I'd like to talk about is called Yuefei, a well-known General in history. As recorded, Yuefei, together with his army, won many battles, and protected his country from being invaded by some minority groups. Although he lived more than eight hundred years ago, his spirit of devoting to his country has always been praised by Chinese people. His work (poems included) has been included to the textbooks and his story adapted to several TV series, being appreciated by people. In another word, he is influential to people nowadays.Bom in Beisong dynasty, a time when the country suffering invasions and people living with misery, Yuefei was fan of reading, especially those in military strategy, and by learning from two teachers how to ride a horse, to shoot, and to use sword to fight, he became an excellent fighter. At the age of twenty, he enrolled in the army, and made much contribution in defending his country. During the time, he made him known in his country and its enemy, too, who wanted to bribe him so as to conquest his country, which, of course, was turned down by him. Gradually, he had his own army and invented many strategies in defeating the so called 'undefeatable' enemy, and became the nationally-acclaimed General. However, he was framed and poisoned to die by the evil officials who were bribed by the enemy.I admired him for his talent in training his army and in coming up effective strategies in beating his enemy. What's more, he made some poems expressing his resolution to defense his country and its people which are impressive. He set an outstanding example for one to love his people, and to be loyal and devoted to his country, virtues which are spoken highly throughoutthe history of china.4.搬家的经历Describe an occasion when you moved into a new house or schoolYou should say:When did you move into a new house?Why did you want to move?Sample:Months ago I moved in with my friend, and moving into a new house was not easy work. Three years ago I rented a flat in a community near the company I worked for, however the rent was a bit high as the community situated city center. Then I found, accidentally, an old friend of mine purchased a house in the city, and I paid her a visit. There was a direct bus carrying me from my working place to her house, taking about fifty minutes. It's been three years since the last time me met and she treated me a big meal in her new house which was big enough to a family. Knowing that I lived by myself, she asked if I was interested in moving in with her, for she's looking for a roommate who could live in the vacant room. In this way, the rental from me could share the load she had to pay monthly, and I could also be a company to her since she's still single. I agreed, for it's convenient for me to go working on one hand and on the other her house was fully-equipped which means I could make use of the kitchen to cook myself which I always longed for.On a sunny morning, I contacted a remover from whom I got some packing boxes. We made it to move at two in the afternoon, before that I cleared all my stuff and had those packed. My clothes made up a big part of my belongings, while two boxes of books were the heaviest. Two workers of the remover carried my stuff down the six-storey flat and then up to the three-storey house of my friend's miles away after a half-hour drive, which took two hours to finish. Then I was left with nine boxes of stuff to arrange to the new room.5.与陌生人谈话Describe an interesting conversation with a strangerYou should say:When and where did you meet the stranger?What did you talk about?Sample:Well, I was told never to speak to strangers since the first I left home by myself, so I hardly speak to any stranger, and I am cold to anyone who tries to start a conversation with me, but there was an exception. I had an interesting and happy conversation with a guy on the train. It's about two years ago when I was on the train leaving from Hangzhou to my hometown. I tried to have a snap as usual, for there was nothing interesting on the way. On half way, however, I got up and looked around. The guy sitting next me playing with his phone caught my attention. He was enjoying the game Angry Bird and when I caught sight of his fingers, I could not help speaking with him. According to the traditional Chinese medicine, the crescent-like white stuff in one's fingernail stands for one's health. The bigger crescent stuff one has, the healthier he is. Unluckily, only my thumbs enjoy the stuff, which, I found, covered all his fingers, attracting me immediately. Then I asked what he usually did to enjoy so much stuff, and he said maybe it got down to his playing basketball everyday at school. It turned out that both he and I were new graduates who came to hunt a job in Hangzhou. Then we talked a lot about our experience of finding a job, what we gained during the past weeks, and what difficulty we face to adapt to working.We enjoyed the chat until the radio broadcasting that the train would stop at Jinhua where he went to visit his relatives, and we changed our telephone numbers and said goodbye. The conversation with him made the boring trip enjoyable.6.不喜欢的一门课Describe a subject you didn't like in high or secondary schoolYou should say:What subject it is?Why you didn't like it?Sample:The subject I disliked in high school was Mathematics, in which I believed I had not much talent. Math was a bit hard for me, but I did it well until the time my Math teacher introduced the concept of function. I was impressed of the relation between variables X and Y, and more confused of how to figure out their relation by the aid of the special graphs in the coordinate. What's worse, an experience made me lose confidence in Mathematics.That day, 1 made many mistakes in Math exercise, which my teacher thought I could do better, so I was asked to correct the exercise on the spot. At that time, it's a rule in my school that any teacher should spend some time sitting in a class to supervise the students in the class. Then it's time for him to go to Class three, next to my class. Seeing me half done with my correction, he required me to go to Class three with him and to have it finished by standing in front of the platform where he sat checking homework of other students. I had no choice but did as told. Standing there, however, I felt everyone was looking, whispering and laughing at me, though it's not true. I found it impossible to concentrate to do my work, though I made it done in half of hour. After that, whenever I tried to do Math exercise, the scene of the students whispering came into my mind which was frustrating.Since then, my Math got worse and I had little interest in the subject.。