1. clothes, cloth, clothing
clothes 统指各种衣服，谓语动词永远是复数，cloth 指布，为不可数名词clothing 服装的总称，指一件衣服用a piece of, an article of
clothes cloth clothing dress 的区别
①、clothes
clothes和dress都可以表示“衣服”的意思。Clothes泛指衣服，是只有复数形式的名词，主要指衣着的各个部分，包括外套、西装、衬衣、裤子、裙、鞋、帽、内衣等，不指一件衣服。如，He always wears dark clothes.他总是穿深色的衣服。
Clothes只有复数形式，前面不能加 a ，this , that 和数词，但是可以加many , these , those 等。
(错)this clothes , three clothes
(对)these clothes , many clothes
Clothes作主语时，后面的动词用复数形式。如，These clothes are new.这些衣服是新的。要表达“一件衣服”用a suit of clothes
put on one’s clothes 穿衣服，take off one’s clothes 脱衣服
She bought a good many clothes .
She often wears beautiful clothes .
clothe 是及物动词“给……穿衣，供养，笼罩”
He has to work hard to feed and clothe his large family .
Now they are able to feed and clothe their children properly .
The trees are clothed in green leaves . 树上披上了绿装。
②、Dress
Dress所表示的范围较窄，指外面穿着的衣服(外衣)，有修饰的意味，指外出应酬和社交的衣服(礼服，盛装);
尤其指妇女的连衣裙及某种特殊场合下穿的服装(礼服)。如：
evening dress晚礼服。此时，dress为可数名词。Dress也可作不可数名词，统一指男女的外衣。如，
W ho’s that girl in red dress? 穿一身红衣服的那个女孩是谁?
Mr Wang cares little about dress.王老师不太注意穿着。
dress 作为可数名词是女人或者孩子穿的衣服，a dress 通常指an article of women's clothing .
The person opposite the street , who wears a dress , is a woman , not a man .
dress 可以构成特殊的服装，如national dress 民族服装，evening dress 夜礼服,court dress法官服
③、Cloth
cloth指做衣服用的材料(布料、毛料、丝绸等)，它是物质名词，不可数，没有复数形式。如：
a piece of cloth一块布料(不能说a cloth)
How much cloth does it take to make a coat for the child?给这个孩子做件上衣要多少布?
注意cloth指“具体用途的布”时，是可数名词。如：
a table cloth一块桌布a dish cloth擦盘子的布，two table cloths
Have you any cloths for polishing the furniture ? 你有擦家具的布吗
This woman cleaned the floor with an old cloth .
④、Clothing
clothing是衣服、服装的总称，指除衣裤外还包括帽子、鞋袜等。集体名词，只有单数形式。作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，(如：food, clothing and shelter衣、食、住)不能说 a suit of clothing , 但可以说an article of clothing , two articles of clothing 一件(二件)衣服。
Our clothing protects us from the cold . 我们的衣服为我们御寒。
The shop sells women’s clothing . 这家商店出售妇女服装。
A coat is an article of clothing.上衣是一件衣服。
首先应区分开cloth 与clothes / clothing：cloth表示“布”、“衣料”，是不可数名词。如：She bought some cloth to make herself a dress. 她买了些布要给自己做一件连衣裙。
表示用作某种特殊用途的布(如：桌布，台布，揩布等)，是可数名词。如：
Clean the windows with a soft cloth. 用块软布擦窗子。
clothes 和clothing 均可表示“衣服”，用作“衣服”的统称，但在用法上有差别：
1.clothes 是一个没有单数形式的复数名词, 其前不可加不定冠词，也不可加数词，但可用some, these, those, many, few 等词修饰。如：
正：those clothes / few clothes / many clothes
误：a clothes / two clothes / three clothes
2. clothing 是不可数名词。如：
They wear very little clothing. 他们衣服穿得很少。
3. 比较而言：clothes 的含义比较具体，而clothing 的含义则比较抽象。从语体上看，clothing 比clothes 更正式。比较：
I changed my clothes. 我换了衣服。
He is washing his clothes. 他在洗衣服。
Our clothing protects us against the cold. 我们的衣服可以御寒。
We are well provided with food and clothing. 我们吃得好，穿得好。
若不考虑其细微区别，两者常可换用(注：一个是复数，一个不可数)。如：
He spent a lot of money on clothes [clothing]. 他花了许多钱买衣服。
2. incident, accident
incident 指小事件, accident 指不幸的事故He was killed in the accident.
incident表示某事件的变数插曲，或者某种可预知的灾难。
accident表示突发性的偶然事件，发生率更小一点。happy accident就是意外收获，偶然发现
incident,accident和event都可作“事件”讲，但有区别：incident通常指任何不是很重要的事件，还可指政治上的事件或事变;accident通常指偶然发生的不幸事件;event指重要事件，特别是有历史意义的重大事件。
3. amount, number
amount 后接不可数名词，number 后接可数名词a number of students
这一对词都能用作名词和动词，又都表示"数目"、"总数"之意，故很易混淆。
①.它们之间的区别是，amount用于不可数名词，表示"量"; number用于可数名词，表示"数"。例：
He has contributed a considerable amount of money to the Chinese University of Hong Kong.(amount为名词)他捐了一笔为数可观的钱给香港中文大学。
Our expenditure amounts to fifty thousand dollars a month.(amount为动词)
我们每月的开支达五万元。
Every year the Hong Kong Book Fair draws a large number of visitors.(number为名词)
每一年香港的书展吸引了大量的观众。
②.Amount除作"数量"、"总额"解外，亦可表示"价值"之意。例：
Your information is of little amount.(名词)你的情报没有什么价值。
It is unlikely that the forthcoming talks will amount to very much.(动词)
看来即将举行的会谈不会有多大意义。
③.与amount一词搭配使用的字很多，常用的有：
respectable～(相当大的数量);trifling～(微不足道的数额);approved～(核准的数额);
vast～(大量);average～(平均数);aggregate～(总额);required～(所需数);proper～(适量)
④.与number搭配的形容词亦不少，常见的有：
round ～(整数);serial～(编号);small～(为数不多);astonishing～(数目惊人);even～(偶数);
odd～(奇数);high～(大数); low～(小数);huge(immense)～(巨大的数量);limited～(有限的数目);maximum～(最大量);minimum～(最小量);cardinal～(基数);ordinal～(序数);atomic～(原子序数)
4. family, house, home
home 家，包括住处和家人，house 房子，住宅，family 家庭成员。My family is a happy one.
family、house和home都与“家”有关，但所指对象和用法不同。
①、family的意思是“家庭、家庭成员”，与居住的房子无关。
当family作为整体概念的“家庭”讲时是单数;当“家庭成员”讲时是复数，如：
Mr.Richard’s family is very large.(理查德先生家里的人很多。)(单数)
My family are very well.(我家里人都很好。)(复数)
②、house的意思是“房屋、住宅”，一般对家人所居住的建筑物而言。如：
There are many new houses in our village.(我们村里有很多新房子。)
③、home的意思是“家”，主要指一个人出生或居住的地方，房屋是其中的一部分，因而也有“家乡、故乡”的意思，它具有house所没有的感情色彩(如“团聚”、“思念”等)，如：East or West，home is best.(金窝银窝不如自己的草窝。)
5. sound, voice, noise
sound 自然界各种各样的声音，voice 人的嗓音，noise 噪音
I hate the loud noise outside.这是一组与“声音”有关的名词，在使用上有区别。
sound泛指任何声音，不论其高低、是否悦耳等。如：
I heard the sound of running water. 我听见流水声。
Light travels faster than sound. 光比声音传播得快。
noise表示“噪音、喧闹”，指的是人们不愿听到的声音或嘈杂声。它可以作可数名词，也可以用作不可数名词。如：
I heard some strange noises last night. 昨夜我听见一些奇怪的响声。
There's a lot of noise here. 这个地方人声嘈杂。
voice用于人时，指说话、歌唱或发笑的声音，也可指发言权。用于其它方面时，常含悦耳之声，如鸟鸣声，乐器声音等。如：
Please speak in a louder voice. 请大声说。
6. photo, picture, drawing
photo 用照相机拍摄的照片，picture 可指相片，图片，电影片，drawing 画的画
Let's go and see a good picture.
①. photo多指“照片”。例如：
It's a nice photo.这是一张好照片。
Are there any photos in the book?书里有照片吗?
“照相”应译为“take a photo(picture)”.
②. picture多指“图画”，也可指“照片”，常与photo互换，但photo不能作“图画”解。例
如：
Is there a tree in the picture?画里有棵树吗?
May I take a picture for you?我给你照张相好吗?
③. drawing多指“线条图”、“素描”，如工程图、钢笔画和铅笔画等。例如：
Are there any photos in the book?书里有照片吗?
No, there aren't any photos, but there are many drawings.没有，但有许多图。
7. vocabulary, word
vocabulary 词汇，一个人拥有的单词量，word 具体的单词He has a large vocabulary.
vocabulary是指词汇或词汇量，要广义点。
①.He commands a large vocabulary.他掌握大量词汇。
②.His English vocabulary is limited.他的英语辞汇极有限。
③.Your Latin vocabulary is good.你拉丁文的词汇量不错。
④.He has a very large vocabulary.他的词汇量很丰富。
word是指单词，要狭义点。
What does this word mean?这个词是什么意思?
new words 新单词
8. population, people
population 人口，人数，people 具体的人China has a large population.
population, people, person 和man 都与“人”有关，但其用法及所指对象有所不同。
①. population 表示“人口”时，是集体名词，被看作一个整体。在句中作主语时，后面的谓语动词用单数形式。当我们说一个城市、地区或国家的人口时，一般说has a population of …(有……人口)，has a large/ small population(人口众多/稀少)。问有多少人口时应用what,而不用how many/ much。如：
Wuhan has a population of about seven million.武汉大约有七百万人。
What's the population of the world? 全世界有多少人口?
如果指一个整体人口中有多少人是干什么的，则强调的是一部分人，谓语动词应用复数形式。
More than half of the population of our city are business people.我们城市人口的一半以上是商人。
Three quarters of the population of country are farmers.那个国家人口的百分之七十五是农民。
②people 作“人、人们”讲时，它总是以单数形式表示复数概念。我们可以说many/ a lot
of people, three hundred people, 但不可说a/one people。the people 指“人民”或确指的“人们”。另外，people 作“民族”时，有单复数之分。a people 为“一个民族”，peoples 为许多国家或地区的不同民族。如：
I'm afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor.恐怕有些人忘了扫地。
We study for the people.我们为人民而学习。
There are 56 peoples in China. 另有五十六个民族。
③. person 着重指“个别人”，可以指man, woman 或child,有单复数形式。“一个人”是a person 。但表示大批的人，如“1000人”应说1，000 people, 不说1，000 persons。
Who is the youngest person in your class?你们班谁的年纪最小?
Everyone likes a person with good manners.人人都喜欢有礼貌的人。
④man 有时作男人的总称，有时作“人类、人”解(包括男女在内)，其前一般不加冠词。
a man 可指“一个人”，也可指“一个男人”、“男子汉”。Man is taller than woman. 男人比女人高。如：
No man has traveled farther than to the moon.没有人到过比月球更远的地方。
He is a man of few words. 你是一个少言寡语的人。
9. weather, climate
weather 一天内具体的天气状况，climate 长期的气候状况The climate here is not good for you
weather和climate这两个词的词义有细微的差异，使用场合也有所不同。
(1)weather“天气”，指某时、某地的特定的，具体的天气情况：what”s the weather like this morning ? 今天早晨天气怎么样?
(2)climate：“天气、气候”，指某地总的气候状况，指一贯的，并非某一天的天气状况。它也可以用来比喻政治气候。i can”t get used to the hot climate here . 我无法适应这里炎热的气候。
简单说，weather指某地一时的天气，如寒暖、晴雨和干湿的变化情况(a particular condition of wind，rain，snow，sunshine，etc.);Climate 指某地的平均气候或经常性的气候(average weather conditions)。
例句：
The climate of our country is mild，but individual places experience bad weather.
我国的气候是温和的，但有时个别地区也会出现坏天气。
A drier climate would be good for your health.比较干燥的天气也许会对你的健康有好处。
What is the weather like today?今日天气如何?
In Hong Kong people seldom wear galoshes in wet weather.在香港下雨天很少有人穿童鞋。
weather之前是不可以用不定冠词a来修饰的。例如我们不可以说：What a brilliant weather!应把a删去。
另外，用作比喻义时，climate与weather都指“环境”，“情况”，但使用场合有些不同。例如：
The favourable political climate is conducive to economic investment.
良好的政治气候有利于经济投资。
The hostile climate in the institute makes working there difficult.
机构里的恶劣气氛使在那里工作变得困难。
You cannot rely on fair-weather friends to help you in all weathers.
你不要指望一些酒肉朋友在种种环境里都能帮助你。
10. road, street, path, way
road 具体的公路，马路，street 街道，path 小路，小径，way 道路，途径
take this road; in the street, Show me the way to the museum.
【辨析】street意思为“街道”即城市或村镇中两旁有房屋的路。
Path指未经开凿，通过践踏而自然形成的“小路”。
Road意思为“马路”，常指城市与城市之间的大路或乡村大路。在城市内部，road与street 通用。英国人常用in the road(street),而美国人则常用on the road(street).
Way意为“道路、路线、路途”。指去某地的走法。又可泛指在途中，常用词组“on the way to …(在某某的路途中)“。
【例】Which is the way to East Park, please?请问到东方公园怎么走?
Go along the street.顺着这条街走。
Grass has grown over the path through the woods as people no longer use it树林中这条小路杂草丛生，因为人不再从这儿走了。
There are many buses and cars on the road马路上有许多汽车。
I met a friend of mine on my way home yesterday.昨天在回家的路上我遇见了我的一个朋友。
11.custom, habit
custom 传统风俗，习俗，也可指生活习惯，后接to do，habit 生活习惯，习惯成自然，后接of doing.
I've got the habit of drinking a lot.
两者均可表示“习惯”，区别是：
1.habit通常指一个人长时间养成的自然“习惯”，一旦养成了这种habit之后，人便会自然而然甚至是情不自禁地去做。如：
Nail-biting is one of her bad habits.咬指甲是她的一个坏习惯。
He has a habit of coughing before he speaks.他发言之前习惯咳一下嗽。
2.custom则指一个民族或一个社会在发展过程中长期沿袭下来的礼节、风俗和习惯。如：
Eating hot dogs is an American custom.吃热狗是美国人的习俗。
The Japanese customs are different from the Chinese ones.日本的风俗习惯与中国的不同。
注：custom有时也可表示个人的习惯，侧重指一种有规律的行为，此时也可用habit。
如：
It’s my custom [habit] to get up early every morning.每天早起是我的习惯。
12. course, subject
course 科目(具体的学科)，subject 课程(可包括多门科目)
两者的区别：总的来说subject的范围较广，可以理解为学科类，或者你你专业所设计的课程所属的学科范围，而course是每一门具体的课程。
比如高等数学和复变函数是同一subject而不是同一个course
13. cause, reason
cause 指造成某一事实或现象的直接原因，后接of sth./doing sth，reason 用来解释某种现象或
结果的理由，后接for sth./doing sth. the reason for being late
cause用于表示具有明显因果关系的原因。reason有时能与cause换用，但上下文必须有能够查得出的或可以解释得出的因果关系。如果某“结果”是不言而喻的，也可以用reason 表示“原因” Was the noise a cause of the illness,or were the complaints about noise merely a symptom? 噪音是病因呢，还是对噪音的抱怨仅仅是一种症状呢? Every effect must have an adequate cause. 每一种结果都必须有充分的原因。reason通常含有“理由”的意思They are trying to find out the reason (or cause) of the terrible fire. 他们正在努力查寻那次可怕的火灾的原因。The airport was built during the war,but for some reason it could not be used then. 这个飞机场是在大战期间建造的，但是由于某种原因当时没有能够使用。The reason for this is that this plane is also a bicycle. 其原因是，这架飞机又是一辆自行车。…，but I do not turn for protection to dreary cliches about respect for elders—as if mere age were a reason for respect.…… 但我不会为了维护自己而求助于尊重长辈之类的陈词滥调—似乎只要年老就是受到尊重的理由。
cause 是造成一种事实或现象的"原因";reason 是说明一种看法或行动的"理由",这二个词不能相混。例句：
"热是物体膨胀的原因"---Heat is the cause of the expansion of matter.
"失火的原因是不小心"---The cause of fire was carelessness.
"我们有许多理由应该接受他的看法"-There are many reasons why we should accept his view.
"给我你做这件事的理由。"--Give me your reasons for doing it.
区别一
表示造成某一事实或现象的直接原因或起因，一般要用cause (后常接of)，不用reason。如：
Carelessness is often the cause of fires. 疏忽大意往往酿成火灾。
Friction is the cause of the match’s lighting. 摩擦是火柴点燃的原因。
区别二
若是说明或解释某种行为或看法的理由，两者可通用(其后常接for 或不定式)。如：There is no cause [reason] for anxiety [tobe anxious]. 没有理由焦虑。
You have no reason [cause] for complaint [to complain]. 你没有理由抱怨。
注：表示“理由”时，两者虽然常常互换，但也有区别：
(1) cause 是不可数名词，而reason 可用作可数或不可数名词，因此当需要用复数或受a, every, many 等修饰时，通常要用reason 。如：
I have many reasons to fear him. 我怕他是有很多理由的。
She had every reason for thinking so. 她这样想是完全有理由的。
(2) reason 之后可接why 引导的定语从句，而cause 不能。如：
The reason (why) I didn’t tell you was that I wanted it to be a surprise. 我没有告诉你，是想让它给你一个惊喜。
14. exercise, exercises, practice
exercise 运动，锻炼(不可数)，exercises 练习(可数)，practice(反复做的)练习。
Practice makes perfect.
exercise作练习讲时是可数，作运动，锻炼讲是不可数。
practise是反复的练习与实践。而exercise只是一般的习题，练习。
15. class, lesson
作“课”解时，两者可以替换。指课文用lesson. 指班级或全体学生用class. Lesson 6; Class 5
1. 表示具体意义的课或上课时间，可用两者，此时为可数名词。如：
Each maths class [lesson] lasts 40 minutes. 每节数学课上40 分钟。
We have four classes [lessons] every morning. 我们每天上午上4 节课。
2. 表示抽象意义的“课”或“上课”，要用class，此时为不可数名词，且其前不用冠词。如：
Class is at eight. 8 点开始上课。
It’s time for class. 是上课的时候了。
比较：in class 在上课;in the class 在这个班
3. 下列情况通常只用class：
(1) 表示“班”、“班级”等。如：
He is in Class Five, Senior Three. 他在高三(5)班。
(2) 表示在同一个班级学习同一科目的“学生”。此时用作集体名词，若用作主语，动词可以是单数(视为整体)，也可用复数(考虑其个体成员)。如：
The class are taking notes. 全班学生都在做笔记。
The teacher reads a word, the class says it in concert. 老师念一个词，全班学生齐声跟读。
4. 下列情况通常只用lesson：
(1)表示课本中的“(一)课”。如：
(2)Lesson Five is very interesting. 第五课很有趣。
(2) 表示“功课”、“课程”等。如：
We do our lessons in the evening. 我们晚上做功课。
We study English, Chinese, maths and other lessons. 我们学习英语、汉语、数学和其他课程。
16. speech, talk, lecture
speech 指在公共场所所做的经过准备的较正式的演说，talk 日常生活中的一般的谈话，讲话，lecture
学术性的演讲，讲课a series of lecture on …
speech指在公共场所所做的经过准备的较正式的演说
His speech was well received.他的演讲很受欢迎。
talk日常生活中的一般的谈话，讲话
I had a long talk with her.我和她长谈了一次。
lecture学术性的演讲，讲课a series of lecture on…
He gave a lecture to his students on modern writers.他给学生们讲了关于现代作家的一课。
17. officer, official
officer 部队的军官，official 政府官员an army officer
officer 更多地指长官，行政长官，军官等那些等级较高的官员。
official更多是指普通官员，公务员等。
18. work, job
二者均指工作。work 不可数，job 可数a good job。
都做名词时，有一些区别，简单说：
*work 工作，多指生产或完成某物的体力的或脑力的努力或活动，不可数。
*job工作，任务，多指为换取报酬而进行的日常活动，尤指作为某人的手艺、行业或职业的工作。可数
Washing the windows is not my job.洗窗子不是我的事儿(任务)。
1.首先，我们不能说a work,只能说a job.
2.job的工作可以是"零工"(如a part-time job 钟点工)，但work却多指(全日制)的职业。
3.楼主的意思，一个工作中的一个小的项目，可以用a job, 但最assignment/mission/task，
"任务"好一些。
19. couple, pair
couple 主要指人或动物，pair 多指由两部分组成的东西 a pair of trousers
Couple 主要用于表示人和动物的“对”、“双”。如有二以上的数词修饰可加s，也可不
加。例如：
They are a young couple. 他们是年轻夫妇。
She raised five couple(s) of rabbits. 她喂养了五对兔子。
A couple (of) 在表示事物和人时，是“三两个”、“几个”的意思。A couple dollars 是美国用法，a couple of dollars 是英国用法。例如：
I'll return it to you in a couple of days. 我两三天内还你。
I met a couple (of) friends. 我遇到几个朋友。
Pair 多指东西，这东西是由两个部分构成一双，如“鞋”、“袜子”、“手套”、“剪刀”等，也可指人。后有名词，必须跟of 连用。A pair of 后跟东西，用单数动词。如指人时，可用复数。
A pair of shoes is a nice present. 一双鞋是件好礼品。
A happy pair were married. 幸福的一堆结婚了。
In couples, in pairs 都是“成对地”、“双双”的意思。例如：
They are working in couples. 两人一组地工作。
Do the drills in pairs. 两人一组地练习。
20. country, nation, state, land
country 侧重指版图，疆域，nation 指人民，国民，民族，state 侧重指政府，政体，land 国土，
国家The whole nation was sad at the news.
country/nation/ state/land/cross/across的法区别
1、country; nation; state; land
⑴country意为“国家;国土”，侧重指版图;疆域。如：
1)China is a great country with a long history.中国是一个历史悠久的伟大国家。
注意：country含义广泛，适合各种文体，也可代替本组中的任何一个词，有时作“祖国”解，带有感情色彩。如：
2)After many years abroad，he wanted to return to his country.在国外呆了多年后，他想回到自己的祖国。
3)Some parts of this country (land) are much warmer than others.该国某些地区的气候较其他地区温暖得多。
⑵nation意为“民族;国家”，侧重指人民;国民;民族。如：
4)The whole nation was in deep sorrow at this news.听到这一噩耗，全国人民悲痛万分。
注意：在国际交往等正式场合，nation语体庄重，比country常用。如：the United Nations (UN)联合国
the law of nations 国际公法
a most favored nation 最惠国
5)Trade between nations is much better than war.国与国之间进行贸易往来比兵戎相见好得多。
⑶state意为“国家;政府”，侧重指政权;政体。如：
6)In our country，railways are state-owned. 在我国铁路为国家所有。
⑷land意为“国土;国家”，带有感情色彩，多用于文学作品中。如：
7)This is my native land.I’ll defend it with my life!这是我的祖国，我要用自己的生命保卫她!
2、cross; across; crossing
cross作动词用时，意思是“横过”。横渡;渡过;越过，交叉;相交;错过
如：
1)They are crossing the river. 他们正在过河。
2)The idea has just crossed my mind. 这个主意是我刚才想到的。
3)They crossed the road.他们过了马路。
4)We crossed each other on the way.我们在途中错过了。
cross one's legs.交叉着双腿
cross作名词用时，指“十字形的东西”。
Cross，adj.脾气暴躁的;生气的
5)Why are you cross with me?你为什么对我生气?
across可作介词或副词，意为“横穿，横过”。如：
6)They pushed the cart across the bridge. 他们推着车过桥。
7)The post office is across the street.邮局在街道对面。
8)We swam across the river.我们游到河对岸。
came across my old roommate.遇上我的老室友
zebra crossing斑马线(人行横道线)
crossing意为“横穿，交叉，十字路口，人行横道”。如：9)They are standing at a crossing.他们正站在十字路口。
中考英语重点单词大全 A 动词：accept 接受 achieve 实现 advise 建议 afford 支付得起 answer 回答 appear 出现 add 添加 act 行动 allow 允许 agree 同意 arrive到达 ask 问 appreciate 欣赏 argue争论 名词：advice建议 activity 活动 address 地址 age 年龄 air空气 attention注意 accident事故 形容词：able能够的 awful可怕的 active活跃度 afraid恐惧的 alive活着的 amazing 令人惊异的 angry 生气的 asleep睡着的 anxious 焦虑的 actually实际的 alike 相同的 alone 孤独的 代词：any 任何的 anybody 任何人 anymore 不再 anyone 任何人 anything任何事 anytime 任何时间 anywhere任何地方B 动词：beat打败 begin开始 believe相信 borrow 借来 bring 带来 break 打破 build 建筑burn 燃烧 buy 买bother 打扰 名词: bank 银行 breakfast早餐 bread 面包 business 商业 形容词：beautiful美丽的 blind 盲的 boring无聊的 born 天生的 bright 明亮的 brave勇敢的 busy 忙的 C 动词：care 关心，在乎 call打电话 carry扛 catch 抓住 cause 导致 celebrate庆祝 change改变 chat 聊天 check 检查 choose 选择 clean 打扫 clear清除 climb攀爬 close 关 come 来collect收集 communicate 交流 compare比较consider考虑 continue 继续control 控制connect 连接 cook煮 copy 复制 cost 花费 count 有价值，数 cover覆盖cry 哭 create 创造 cross 横过 cut切 名词: capital首都 cancer癌症 care小心 century世纪 chance机会 child 小孩 children小孩（复） choice选择city 城市 clothes 衣服 cloud云朵 collection收集 college大学 communication 交流 competition 比赛 contest比赛conversation对白 corner 拐角 country国家 countryside乡村 courage勇气 culture文化 course 课程 custom 风俗 形容词：careful小心点 careless 粗心的 certain确定的 cheap 便宜的 clean干净的 clear 干净的 clever聪明的close 关着的 cloudy 多运动 colorful 多彩的 comfortable舒服的 common 共同的 confident 自信的 confusing令人困惑的 convenient 方便的 correct 正确的 crazy懒惰的 creative 有创造性的 crowded 拥挤的 cruel 残酷的 cute 可爱的 D 动词：dare敢于 deal处理 decide 决定 depend 依靠 describe描述 design设计 destroy 毁坏 develop发展 die 死亡 discover 发现 discuss 讨论 disturb打搅 divide分开 donate风险 draw画 dream梦想 drink喝 drop掉落 名词: danger危险 date 日期 daughter 女儿 death死亡 decision决定 development发展 dictionary 字典 difference差异 discussion 讨论 disease疾病 形容词：dangerous危险的 dark 黑的，暗的 dead 死亡的 deaf 聋的 deep 深的 delicious美味的 different不同的 difficult
A 1. I’d love to go on holiday but I can’t a________ the time. 2. He bought me a gift for my birthday, but I didn’t a________ the gift. 3. Most people are a________ the new idea. 4. Please a________ me a letter as soon as possible. 5. My boss doesn’t a________ me to use the telephone. 6. After she heard the good news, a smile a________ on her face. 7. We a________ to meet up later and talk things over. 8. I had a drink with Jim before the concert. After the concert, we had a________ drink. B 1.She’s a good teacher. She’s very s________ with her students. 2.Another bridge is being b________ over the river. 3.A piece of china(瓷) b______ easily. 4.Your mother will be very p________ with you if you win the game. 5.It was raining heavily. We could hear the rain b________ on the roof. 6.I could always b_______ my brother at chess. 7.The lifts in the mall are always b______ down. 8.The wallet is not mine. It b______ to Jim. 9.He went to Shanghai on b_______ not on vacation. 10. My opinions on education in China are s________ to Mary’s. C 1. There’s nothing to c________ with a nice cold drink when you get home after work. 2. We c________ out her instructions to the letter. 3. Get c________ to me and I’ll tell you something funny. 4. Where can I c________ my English money for U.S. dollars? 5. When the right opportunity comes a________, she’ll take it. 6. The heavy rain was the c________ of the flood（洪水） 7. The sound of happy laughter c________ up memories of his childhood. 8. I haven’t had a c________ to read my letter. 9. Jean always c________ the way I dress. 10. Cross the road with c________. D 1.She d________ a postcard to her grandma. 2. It was time for dinner. I d________ my chair up to the table. 3.The two students are both good. It’s difficult to d________ between the two. 4.If you ever dare call me that name again, you’ll be sorry. 5.Is there any d________ of fire in the forest now? 6.The facts are quite clear—it’s no use trying to d________ them up. 7.This river is too deep. It’s d________ for swimmers.
中考词汇辨析 §1 a bit/ a little 这两个词都意为“一点儿”有时可以互换，但有时不能。 Ⅰ．二者作程度副词修饰形容词、副词、动词或比较级时，意义相同，为“一点儿”“有些”。如： ①I am a bit / a little hungry. 我有点饿。 ②He walked a bit / a little slowly. 他走路有点慢。 Ⅱ．二者都可以作名词词组，充当主语或宾语。如： ①A little / bit is enough for me. 我有一点儿就够了。 ②I know only a little / a bit about her. 我对她的情况只了解一点。 Ⅲ。a little可直接修饰名词；a bit后须加of才可以。如： ①.There is a little water in the bottle. = There is a bit of water in the bottle. [注意]a little of后的名词通常特指，表“……中的一些”，如： ①May I have a little of your tea? Ⅳ. 否定形式not a little 作状语，相当于very/ quite, “很”，“非常”；作定语和宾语时，相当于much, 意为“许多”。而not a bit 作状语时，相当于not at all, 意为“一点也不”，作宾语时则相当于not much. Eg: ①He is not a little (=very) hungry. 他饿极了。 ②He is not a bit (=not at all) hungry.他一点也不饿。 ③She ate not a little (=much). 她吃得很多。 Ⅴ. Not a bit中的not 可以分开使用；not a littl e中的not 则不能分开。Eg: ①He felt not a bit tired. = He didn’t feel a bit tired. 他觉得一点也不累。 ②He felt not a little tired. 他觉得非常累。但不能说：He didn’t fell a little tired. §2 a few/ few/ a little/ little Ⅰ. a few和few修饰可数名词，a little和little修饰不可数名词；a few和a little表示肯定意义，few和little表示否定意义，可受only修饰。如： ①Few people will agree to the plan because it’s too dangerous. ②This text is easy to understand though there are a few new words in it. ③T here is little water left in glass. Will you please give me some ④Don’t worry, we have a little time left. §3above/over/on/upon Ⅰ. 方位介词，“在……之上” Ⅱ. above 着重指：在……上方，不一定含有垂直在上的意思。反义词为：below. ①The sun rose above the horizon. 太阳升到了地平线上。 ②The aero plane flew above the clouds.飞机在云层上飞行。 Ⅲ.over 表盖在……上面，或铺在……上面。此时不能用above.代替。含有垂直在上的意思。反义词为under. ①Spread the tablecloth over the table.把桌布铺在桌子上。 Ⅳ. on 含有与表面相接触的意思。 ①The book is on the desk. ②There is an oil painting on the wall. 墙上有一幅油画。 Ⅴ.upon 也含有和表面相接触的意思。与on没有多大的区别，但较正式，口语中较少用。 ①He laid his hand upon the boy’s head. 他把手放在孩子的头上。 [注]up 与以上几个不同，它表示向上方或高处，含有由下而上，由低而高的意思。常和表示运动的动词连用。作副词时，表示在上方或高处。 ①We run up a hill. 我们跑上山。 ②The plane was high up in the air.飞机在高空中。 §4accept/receive Ⅰ. accept “接受”，表示其行为是由主观意愿决定的。 ①I accepted it without question. 我毫无疑问地接受了它。
名词专项 1.识别可数名词，不可数名词 2.可数名词单数变复数及其修饰语 3.名词所有格 4.变名词 1) +er / or / ist / ian (play --- player; visit --- visitor; science --- scientist; music --- musician) 2) +ion / sion (collect --- collection; decide --- decision) 3) +ment (develop --- development) 4) +ing (mean --- meaning; paint --- painting) 5) +ure (press --- pressure) 6) +ness (kind --- kindness; happy --- happiness) 7) +y / ty (difficult --- difficulty; honest --- honesty; safe --- safety) 8) t变ce (important --- importance; silent --- silence) Group 1 得分： 1. ___________ say five minutes laughter is as good for you as fifteen minutes in the sports hall. (doctor) 2. Wang Ping tried his best and saved the ___________ life. (baby) 3. The proper time to rest should between 10 and 30 ___________. (minute) 4. Now more and more people in the cities keep ___________ as their friends. (pet) 5. Many young parents choose to buy some books as presents on ___________ Day. (children) 6. Parents sometimes have difficulty understanding the strange ___________ in their children’s mind.
2020中考英语重点单词专项练习（F） 如何更牢固的记住英语单词？练习是一种很好的方式，老师为大家推送2020中考英语词汇专项练习，非常好的英语学习和复习资料，值得期待，今天是关于E开头重点单词的专项练习！ F 一.写出这些单词的汉语意义。 1.factory___________ 2.fail___________ 3.fall___________ 4.fan____________ 5.fat_______________ 6.fear____________ 7.fell___________8.fewer___________9.film_____________ 10.fit______________11.flew___________12.flower__________ 13.fly______________14.follow___________15.football__________ 16.foreigner________17.fox______________18.freedom__________ 二.按要求写出下列词汇的变化形式。 1.factory___________(复数形式) 2.fail________（过去式） 3.fan________（复数形式） 4.fall_________(过去式)_________(过去分词) 5.fat________(比较级)_________(最高级) 6.fewer__________(原级)
7.film________(同义词) 8.fit__________(现在分词) 9.flew___________(原形)_______(过去分词) 10.flower________（复数形式） 11.follow__________（第三人称单数形式） 12.football__________(同义词) 13.foreigner_________(形容词) 14.fox____________(复数形式) 15.freedom____________(形容词) 三.根据句意，用所给词汇的正确形式填空。 1.Many new_________(factory)are being built in Chongqing. 2.Although Tom worked hard at his Chinese,he_______(fail)in the exam. 3.The old man________(fall)asleep as soon as he went to bed. 4.If you eat too much junk food,you’ll become_______(fat)and ______(fat). 5.The man_______(fear)to die. 6.We can use_______(few)people and less money to complete the work in a short time. 7.This coat looks very nice and it_______(fit)you very well. 8.Yesterday Jim and his friends________(fly)kites in the park.
中考题型集训(四) 词汇运用 __题组训练1_ [中文提示写单词] 根据句意和所给中文提示，写出下列句中所缺单词。 A 1．[2017·连云港]—What do you think of the Art Festival in your school? —Colourful! All the students enjoy ________(他们自己) and show their different talents. 2．[2017·乐山]I didn't hear the phone because it was too ________(吵闹的) in the supermarket. 3．I don't want to ________(浪费) my time talking with her. It's like playing the lute to a cow. 4．[2017·南充]Tu Youyou has won the Nobel Prize. We are very ________(自豪的) of her. 5．September is the ________(第九) month of a year. 6．We shouldn't take these game shows too ________(严肃地) while watching them. 7．Tom and Peter are good friends. They can talk about and ________(分享) everything. 8．[2017·连云港] Some classical pieces at the concert are traditional and have a lasting ________(价值). 9．[2017·天水]Because of his ________(粗心), he didn't pass the exam. 10．[2017·南京]—What do I need to make a thank-you card? —You need some ________(纸), glue and a pair of scissors. B 1．[2017·宿迁]There is a ________(刀) and some pens on Wang Jun's desk. 2．Drivers should drive more slowly on ________(下雨的) days. 3．[2017·苏州]In Switzerland, some of the old clothes are ________(卖) in charity shops. 4．[2017·苏州] Life is like a race. I'm ready to take on new ________(挑战) any time. 5．Everyone, you need to have a dream. The future of China ________(依靠) on you! 6．My grandma always tells me ________(没有什么) is more important than health. 7．[2017·泰州]David showed great ________(勇气) during his fight against illness last year. 8．My mother goes shopping every week—there is a shopping mall just ________(在……对面) our house. 9．[2017·南京]Liu Hua is the chief ________(工程师) of the high-speed railway connecting Moonlight Town to Nanjing. 10．[2017·南京]More than six ________(百) teams took part in 2017 Nanjing primary and secondary school robot competition in May. C 1．The glasses can keep the worker's eyes ________(安全的). 2．The houses are so expensive that he can't ________(承担得起) to buy one. 3．My parents are always ________(严格的) with me. 4．Nobody was ________(缺席) from school though it rained heavily yesterday. 5．His uncle is going to ________(参加) a business meeting in Beijing next week. 6．It's important for young people to make a right ________(决定) for their future. 7．Some wild animals are in ________(危险)as the earth is getting warmer and warmer. 8．Mary goes to work every day ________(除…之外)Sundays. 9．[2017·镇江]The dentist suggests that the girl should brush her ________(牙齿) before going to bed. 10．We've got a lot of new ________(杂志) in our school library. D 1．Tina is my cousin. She is tall and she has long ________(直的) hair. 2．[2017·乌鲁木齐]The Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation(一带一路国际合作高峰论坛) which was held in Beijing on May 15th had a very deep ________(影响) on almost all the countries. 3．Nowadays people like to eat out on Spring Festival, ________(特别地) young people.
一、选择题 1．—What do you think of the performance today? —Great! ________ but a musical genius could perform so successfully. A．All B．None C．Anybody D．Everybody 2．My email ________ to you last night. Have you received it ________? A．sent; too B．is sent; already C．was sent; yet D．was sent; either 3．In modern life, shopping online is________ used by many people, especially for teenagers. A．exactly B．badly C．heavily D．widely 4．That path ________ directly to my house.You won't miss it. A．leads B．forms C．repairs D．controls 5．— Can you tell us about our new teacher? —Oh, I’m sorry. I know________ about him because I haven’t seen him before. A．something B．anything C．nothing D．everything 6．People who always do sports are in spirits than those who don't. A．high B．higher C．tall D．taller 7．You should be careful to pay over the Internet, ________it’s not always safe. A．so B．because C．after D．as soon as 8．Danny looks sad. How I________ telling him the bad news! A．remember B．regret C．refuse 9．World Book Day takes place ________ April 23rd every year. A．at B．in C．on 10．Wang Dong didn't go to school yesterday ________ he was ill. A．so B．if C．because 11．Kangkang gets up early every day and he is ________ late for school. A．sometimes B．often C．never D．usually 12．Remember to return the book to the school library in time, ________ you will be fined(罚款). A．or B．and C．but D．so 13．—Do you know what the meeting is about? —Yes, of course. It will ________ some important rules we need to know about our new senior high school. A．talk B．achieve C．memorize D．cover 14．—Do you like English? —Yes, I think it is difficult ________ interesting. A．and B．but C．because 15．—Billy, you are very confident all the time, how do you make it? —I think confidence is more than just an attitude, it comes from a strong ________ to take
中考英语词语运用专项训练 【知识点睛】 一、中考词语运用命题特点 河南中考对词汇的考查主要集中在______________、______________及 _____________和______________等几个方面。这就要求考生在平时一定要熟记大纲所 规定的考查单词及相关短语搭配，明辨同一词根的词的不同用法，更重要的是要做到对单词的词形/性变化及语法知识的活学活用。预计河南中考对词汇的考查重点在实词的拼写、词形/性变化及同一词根的词的不同用法上。 二、考察目标 该题型旨在考查学生的英语基础知识和综合运用英语的能力。该题型将重点考查：同一词根的不同词性变化；序数词与基数词的区别运用；名词的单复数及所有格；代词的用法；形容词和副词比较等级的运用以及动词各种时态语态的灵活运用。 三、解题策略 1.认真查看所给的单词，弄清楚每个单词的意思及词性。如动词一般作谓语，形容词 常作表语或定语，副词作状语等。 2.跳开空格，快速通读文章，初步了解文章框架、大意，获取有用信息。 3.认真阅读挖空的句子，弄清楚句子的结构及句子大意，特别是空格前后单词的词性， 这很关键。因为空格前后的单词往往是选择所要填入空格的单词最重要的依据。 4.根据句意，从所给单词中筛选最恰当的单词填入空格中。注意有时候词性要作相应 的变化。 5.认真研读完成后的短文和句子，看句子结构是否合理，句意是否完整并符合逻辑， 以便确定答案。 四、解题步骤 明确所给词的词性→弄清所给句子的意思→确定空白处所需的词性→正确写出所填的词 五、应试策略 1.对中考课标和考试说明中要求掌握的词汇必须通过听写或练习掌握，牢固掌握单词 不仅有益于答好词汇题，更是做好其他题型的前提。 2.重视背单词的_________，并熟知不同词性的作用。 3.注意结合语境去填对__________，（学生最爱用动原，名词单数），答题时画出关键 词，名词考虑“单复数”，形副考虑“原比最”，数词考虑“基序词”，动词考虑“时态语态”等。 4.练习各种题型，如用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空，根据首字母补全单词，用方 框中单词短语正确形式填空等。 5.每天做几道题，作业经常训练，长期坚持必有收获。 6.摘录错题，错题反复看。
1. 用所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. He pratices （speak）English every day. 2. Our English teacher made us ____ __ （not talk）about our friends in Chinese. 3. I often see them （watch）TV. 4. My father always （teach）me how to study English last term . 5. I （call）you when I arrive there. 6. It’s seven o’clock. Everyone （read）English. 7. Don’t worry. I will tell you how （use）the computer.. 8. It is very important ________（not give）them a shower. 9. Do you mind my （close）the window? 10. I hope you （come）.next Friday. 2. 用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。 1．Tony usually _________（get）up at seven o'clock． 2．Betty _________（not often do）her homework on Friday． 3．Let's _________（go）to a Taijiquan class． 4．Daming can _________（talk）about jobs in English． 5．Kate _________（not have）got any brothers． 4. 用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 1．He works hard and becomes a _____（law）． 2．I don't like eating _____ fish．（fry） 4．Tom often goes to school without ______ breakfast．（have） 5．Do you live on the _____ floor? （nine） 5. 用所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子。 1．He has much （interesting）in collecting stamps． 2．Believe in （you），Tony，and you are sure to succeed。 3．I found something important in （today）newspaper。 4．More trees and flowers should be （plant）to make our hometown beautiful，5．Don’t worry，Kitty．With our help，you will do much （well）next time．6．More and more people in the world are （begin）to learn Mandarin（普通话）．7．It’s such a （wonder）song that we all like it．
一、选择题 1．—Billy, you are very confident all the time, how do you make it? —I think confidence is more than just an attitude, it comes from a strong ________ to take responsibility rather than just let life happen. A．present B．care C．promise D．protect 2．Some animals carry seeds from one place to another, ________ plants can spread to new places. A．so B．or C．but D．for 3．— Can you tell us about our new teacher? —Oh, I’m sorry. I know________ about him because I haven’t seen him before. A．something B．anything C．nothing D．everything 4．When I as well as my cousins __________ as a volunteer in Beijing, I saw the Water Cube twice. A．were treated B．treated C．was served D．served 5．Gina didn’t study medicine. ________, she decided to become an actor. A．Instead B．Again C．Anyway D．Also 6．Her only problem, ________ you can call it a problem, is that she expects to be successful all the time. A．if B．because C．though D．since 7．We should learn_______ each other. A．to B．from C．for D．of 8．Mr. Smith gave us some________on how to improve our speaking skills. A．advice B．news C．knowledge D．information 9．Danny looks sad. How I________ telling him the bad news! A．remember B．regret C．refuse 10．—Look! It’s raining________ outside. —Yes, it is. It has been dry for many days, and the rain is good for crops. A．heavily B．hardly C．quietly D．badly 11．The next Olympic Games will be held in Japan________ 27th July 2020. A．on B．in C．at D．of 12．My email ________ to you last night. Have you received it ________? A．sent; too B．is sent; already C．was sent; yet D．was sent; either 13．—What do you think of the performance today? —Great! ________ but a musical genius could perform so successfully. A．All B．None C．Anybody D．Everybody 14．You can’t ___ how I missed my mother at that time.
2020年中考英语词汇应用专项训练 （名师精选历年真题目+详细参考答案，值得下载） 词汇应用一 I live in Pennsylvania. It is a 1 （north）state of America, which is the 33rd 2 （large）state in America. You might know some of the cities, like Philadelphia, Pittsburgh and Allentown. The state capital is Harrisburg. Now let me tell you a little more about my state. Several Indian tribes（部落）lived in Pennsylvania before 3 （Europe）came. The Dutch came first, 4 （follow）by Sweden. England started colonies （殖民地）later. After a few fights, they 5 （take）control of the land. Pennsylvania 6 （give）to the Penn family later. That is how Pennsylvania got its name. Pennsylvania was the 7 （two）to join the nation. The city of Philadelphia 8 （be）an important city since the colony was founded. It was even the capital of America, too！Today, Pennsylvania is sometimes regarded as the snack capital of the country. It is famous for snacks, like pretzels and chips, Heinz ketchup and sauces. T here is also Hershey, which is well 9 （know）as the chocolate company. There are steel companies in the state, as well as a lot of colleges. There are plenty of things 10 （do）in Pennsylvania. There are several major sports teams. Pennsylvania has 121 state parks, and they all have free entrance. Hunting is popular here, too.