Toasts_of_the_President_and_Vice_Premier_Teng_of_the_Peoples_Republic_of_China_at_a_Banquet_in_Pekin

1. In 1837, Ralph Waldo Emerson made a speech entitled _______ at Harvard, which was hailed by Oliver Wendell Holmes as "Our intellectual Declaration of Independence."A. "Nature"B. "Self-Reliance"C. "Divinity School Address"D. "The American Scholar"2. For Melville, as well as for the reader and _______ , the narrator, Moby Dick is stilla mystery, an ultimate mystery of the universe.A. AhabB. IshmaelC. StubbD. Starbuck3. Most of the poems in Whitman's Leaves of Grass sing of the "mass" and the _______ as well.A. natureB. self-relianceC. selfD. life4. Naturalism is evolved from realism when the author's tone in writing becomes less serious and less sympathetic but more ironic and more _______ .A. rationalB. humorousC. optimisticD. pessimistic5. Dreiser's Trilogy of Desire includes three novels. They are The Financier, The Titan and _______ .A. The GeniusB. The TycoonC. The StoicD. The Giant6. The impact of Darwin's evolutionary theory on the American thought and the influence of the nineteenth-century French literature on the American men of letters gave rise to yet another school of realism: American ________ .A. local colorismB. imagismC. modernismD. naturalism7. It is on his _______ that Washington Irving's fame mainly rested.A. childhood recollectionsB. sketches about his European toursC. early poetryD. tales about America8. Which of the following works concerns most concentrated the Calvinistic view of original sin?A. The Wasteland.B. The Scarlet Letter.C. Leaves of Grass.D. As I Lay Dying9. We can perhaps summarize that Walt Whitman’s poems are characterized by all the following features except that they are _______.A. conversational and crudeB. lyrical and well-structuredC. simple and rather crudeD. free-flowing10. Who exerts the single most important influence on literary naturalism, of which Theodore Dreiser and Jack London are among the best representative writers?A. FreudB. Darwin.C. W.D. Howells.D. Emerson11. Mark Twain, one of the greatest 19th century American writers, is well known for his ____.A. international themeB. waste-land imageryC. local colorD. symbolism12. The period before the American Civil War is commonly referred to as _______.A. the Romantic PeriodB. the Realistic PeriodC. the Naturalist PeriodD. the Modern Period13. “The apparition of these faces in the crowd; / Petals on a wet, black bough.” This is the shortest poem written by（）.A. e.e. Cummings C. Ezra PoundB. T.S. Eliot D. Robert Frost14. In Henry James’ Daisy Miller, the author tries to portray the young woman as an embodiment of _______.A. the force of conventionB. the free spirit of the New WorldC. the decline of aristocracyD. the corruption of the newly rich15. "Two roads diverged in a yellow woodAnd sorry I could not travel both ..."In the above two lines of Robert Frost’s The Road Not Taken, the poet, by i mplication, was referring to _______.A. a travel experienceB. a marriage decisionC. a middle-age crisisD. one’s course of life16. The Transcendentalists believe that, first, nature is ennobling, and second, the individual is _______.A. insignificantB. vicious by natureC. divineD. forward-looking17. Which of the following is not a work of Nathaniel Hawthorne’s?A. The House of the Seven Gables.B. The Blithedale Romance.C. The Marble Falun.D. White Jacket.18. _________is often acclaimed literary spokesman of the Jazz Age.A. Carl SandburgB. Edwin Arlington RobinsonC. William FaulknerD. F. Scott Fitzgerald19. In Hawthorne’s novels and short stories, intellectuals usually appear as _______.A. commentatorsB. observersC. villainsD. saviors20. Besides sketches, tales and essays, Washington Irving also published a book on ______, which is also considered an important part of his creative writing.A. poetic theoryB. French artC. history of New YorkD. life of George Washington21. In Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby, there are detailed descriptions of big parties. The purpose of such descriptions is to show _______.A. emptiness of lifeB. the corruption of the upper classC. contrast of the rich and the poorD. the happy days of the Jazz Age22. In American literature, escaping from the society and returning to nature is a common subject. The following titles are all related, in one way or another, to the subject except _______.A. Mark Twain’s The Adventures of Huckleberry FinnB. Dreiser’s Sister CarrieC. Copper’s Leather-Stocking TalesD. Thoreau’s Walden23. Which of the following novels can be regarded as typically belonging to the school of literary modernism?A. The Sound and the FuryB. Uncle To m’s Cabin.C. Daisy Miller.D. The Gilded Age.24. Emily Dickinson wrote many short poems on various aspects of life. Which of the following is not a usual subject of her poetic expression?A. Religion.B. Life and death.C. Love and marriage.D. War and peace.25. Most recognizable literary movement that gave rise to the twentieth-century American literature, or we may say, the second American Renaissance, is the _______ movement.A. transcendentalB. leftistC. expatriateD. expressionistic26. As an autobiographical play, O'Neill's _______ （1956）has gained its status as a world classic and simultaneously marks the climax of his literary career and the coming of age of American drama.A. The Iceman ComethB. Long Day's Journey Into NightC. The Hairy ApeD. Desire Under the Elms27. Apart from the dislocation （错位）of time and the modern stream-of-consciousness, the other narrative techniques Faulkner used to construct his stories include _______ , symbolism and mythological and biblical allusions.A. impressionismB. expressionismC. multiple points of viewD. first person point of view28. Stylistically, Henry James' fiction is characterized by _______ .A. short, clear sentencesB. abundance of local imagesC. ordinary American speechD. highly refined language29. Robert Frost combined traditional verse forms with a plain speech of _______ farmers .A. SouthernB. WesternC. New HampshireD. New England30. Henry David Thoreau's work, ________has always been regarded as a masterpiece of New England Transcendentalism.A. WaldenB. The pioneersC. NatureD. Song of Myself31. The famous 20-years sleep in “Rip Van Winkle” helps to construct the story in such a way that we are greatly affected by Irving's ___.A. concern with the passage of timeB. expression of transient (短暂的）beautyC. satire on laziness and corruptibility of human beingsD. idea about supernatural manipulation of man's life32.Walt Whitman was a pioneering figure of American poetry. His innovation first of all lies in his use of __, poetry without a fixed beat or regular rhyme scheme.A. blank verseB. heroic coupletC. free verseD. iambic pentameter33. In Moby-Dick, the white whale symbolizes _______ for Melville, for it is complex, unfathomable, malignant, and beautiful as well.A. natureB. human societyC. whaling industryD. truth34. Hester, Dimmsdale, Chillingworth and Pearl are most likely the names of the characters in ___.A. The Scarlet LetterB. The House of the Seven GablesC. The Portrait of a LadyD. The pioneers35. With Howells, James, and Mark Twain active on the literary scene, _______ became the major trend in American literature in the seventies and eighties of the 19thcentury.A. sentimentalismB. romanticismC. realismD. naturalism36. After The adventures of Tom Sawyer, Twain gives a literary independence to Tom's buddy Huck in a book entitled ___.A. Life on the MississippiB. The Gilded AgeC. The Adventures of Huckleberry FinnD. A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court37. Generally speaking, all those writers with a naturalistic approach to human reality tend to be _____.A. transcendentalistsB. idealistsC. pessimistsD. impressionists38.In the last chapter of Sister Carrie, there is a description about Hurstwood, one of the protagonists of the novel, “Now he began leisurely to take off his clothes, but stopped first with his coat, and tucked it along the crack under the door. His vest he arranged in the same place.” Why did he do this? Because ________.A. he wanted to commit suicideB. he wanted to keep the room warmC. he didn’t want to be found by othersD. he wanted to enjoy the peace of mind39.The Romantic writers would focus on all the following issues EXCEPT the ___ in the American literary history.A .individual feelingsB. idea of survival of the fittestC. strong imaginationD. return to nature40. Chinese poetry and philosophy have exerted great influence over ____.A. Ezra PoundB. Ralph Waldo EmersonC. Robert FrostD. Emily Dickinson41. The Hemingway Code heroes（硬汉形象）are best remembered for their __.A. indestructible spiritB. pessimistic view of lifeC. war experiencesD. masculinity (男性，男子气）42. IN The Emperor Jones and The Hairy Ape, O'Neill adopted the expressionist techniques to portray the _____ of human beings in a hostile universe.A. helpless situationB. uncertaintyC. profound religious faithD. courage and perseverance43. The high tide of Romanticism in American literature occurred around .[A]1820[B]1850[C]1880[D]192044.The subj ect matter of Robert Frost’s Poems focuses on .[A] ordinary country people and scenes[B]battle scenes of ancient Greek and Roman legends[C]struggling masses and crowded urban quarters[D]fantasies and mythical happenings45.Which group of writers are among those who may be called early pioneers of American literature?[A]Mark Twain and Henry James.[B]Fenimore Cooper and Washington lrving.[C]Ernest Hemingway and William Faulkner[D]Jack London and O’Henry.46.To Theodore Dreiser, life is “so sad, so strange, so mysterious and so inexplicable.” No wonder the characters in his books are often subject to the control of the natural forces, especially those of _____and heredity.[A]fate[B]morality[C]social conventions[D]environment47.Hawthorne generally concerns himself with such issues as in his fiction.[A]the evil in man’s heart[B]the material pursuit[C]the racial conflict[D]the social inequality48._______ provides the main source of influence on American naturalism.[A]The puritan heritage[B]Howells’ ideas of realism[C]Darwin’s theory of evolution[D]The pioneer spirit of the wild west49.In Mark Twain’s The Adventures of huckleberry Finn, Huck writes a letter to inform against Jim, the escaped slave, and then he tears the letter up. This fact reveals that______ .[A]Huck has a mixed feeling of love and hate[B]there is a conflict between society and conscience in Huck[C]Huck is always an indecisive person[D]Huck has very little education50.Which terms can best describe the modernists’ concern of the human situation in their fiction?[A]Fragmentation （崩溃）and alienation.[B]Courage and honor.[C]Tradition and faith.[D]Poverty and desperation.51.Whitman’s poems are characterized by all the following features except .[A]a strict poetic form[B]a simple and conversational language[C]a free and natural rhythmic pattern[D]an easy flow of feelings52.All his novels reveal that, as time went on, Mark Twain became increasingly ____.[A]prolific (多产的）[B]artistic.[C]optimistic[D]pessimistic53.Which of the following is NOT a typical feature of Henry James’s writing style?[A] exquisite and elaborate language[B]minute and detailed descriptions[C]lengthy psychological analyses[D]American colloquialism54.In the beginning paragraph of Chapter 3, The Great Gatsby, Fitzgerald describes a big party by saying that “men and girls came and went like moths.” The author most likely indicates that______ .[A]there was a crowd of party-goers[B]such life does not have real meaning[C]these people were light-hearted[D]these were crazy and ignorant characters55.Which one of the following statements is NOT true of William Faulkner?[A]He is master of stream-of-consciousness narrative.[B]His writing is often complex and difficult to understand.[C]He often depicts slum life in New York and Chicago.[D]He represents a new group of Southern writers.56._________is generally regarded as the forerunner of the 20th century “stream-of-consciousness” novels and the founder of psychological realism.A. Theodore DreiserB. William FaulknerC. Henry JamesD. Mark Twain57.By the end of Sister Carrie, Dreiser writes, “It was forever to the pursuit of that radiance of delight which tints the distant hilltops of the world.” Dreiser implies that_____ .[A]there is a bright future lying ahead[B]there is no end to man’s desire[C]one should always be forward-looking[D]happiness is found in the end58. At the beginning of Faulkner’s A Rose For Emily, there is a detailed description of Emily’s old house. The purpose of such description is to imply that the person living in it ______.A. is a wealth ladyB. has good tasteC. is a prisoner of the pastD. is a conservative aristocrat59. ________ is often acclaimed literary spokesman of the Jazz Age.A. Carl SandburgB. Edwin Arlington RobinsonC. William FaulknerD. F. Scott Fitzgerald60.The theme of Washington Irving’s Rip Van Winkle is（）.A. the conflict of human psycheB. the fight against racial discriminationC. the familial conflictD. the nostalgia（怀旧之情）for the unrecoverable past61.Hemingway once described Mark Twain’s novel ______ the one book from which “all modern American literature comes.”A. The Adventures of Huckleberry FinnB. The Adventures of Tom SawyerC. The Gilded AgeD. The Man That Corrupted Hadleyburg。

5. 他接到通知要他立即去西安，时间紧破的连给他妻子打电话的时间都没有.
He was asked to leave for xi’an at such short notice that he didn’t evenhave time to call his wife .
6. 他们不情愿参与我们的演讲比赛，真令人扫兴。
9. 那些过着富裕生活的农民从未想过要迁居到大都市去生活。
It never occurred to those comfortably off farmers that they would move to a metropolitan city.
10. 他在餐厅享用美味的晚餐时，听到车子的警报声，猛然间他想起自己停在外面马路上的车子未上锁。
Unit5
1. 老师显然下了很大功夫教学生如何做实验。
It was clear that the teacher had taken great pains to show the students how to do the experiment.
2. 我想校长对这位年轻的求职者存有偏见。
7. 教授结束讲话时，大厅里突然爆发出一阵一阵雷鸣般的掌声。
Thounderous applause erupted in the hall as the professor finished his speech .
8. “我宁愿你独立工作，从失败中寻找新的方法，也不要你墨守陈规，毫无建树”导师对他说。
We don’t worry so much about her qualifications for the job as about her health .
10. 想到要做一次环球航海旅行，他为之激动不已。

What time did she die? 她什么时候过世的I don't... 我不...Sorry, I know it's a weird question. 抱歉我知道这么问不合适If it's not him, then... 如果不是他那么how did she die, for God's sake? 她到底是怎么死的What do you think really happened to Cathy? 你认为凯茜到底发生什么了I guess you got lucky then. 你大概是运气好吧No one is that lucky. 没人运气那么好The talks on Syria have broken down, what's he doing here? 叙利亚问题的谈判破裂了他来干什么If we do nothing, 如果我们无所作为the chaos will continue. 乱局就会继续扩大So, here's what I want. 那么我的条件如下Russian exclusivity on all offshore oil and gas exploration.俄罗斯独占所有近海石油和天然气开发And she said nothing. 她什么都没说Why didn't you tell them I invited you? 你怎么不告诉他们是我邀请你来的呢Bids will be contingent on my approval. 有关投标将经过我的批准You can have the oil and gas, the ports. 油气和港口可以都归你And 20% of profits from the resources passing through. 以及转运资源利润的20%I accept. 我接受Rachel Posner? 瑞秋·波斯纳Somebody with her name 有人顶着她的名头is bouncing checks in and around New Mexico. 在新墨西哥到处消费What's going on with you and Claire? 你和克莱尔是怎么回事Congressman Cole. I'll put him on my ticket 2020. 科尔议员我让他跟我一起竞选2020Pardon Francis as well. 那你也得赦免弗兰西斯There is something that you should know about Francis' will. 那关于弗兰西斯的遗嘱有件事你应该知道He left you more than those cuff links. 他留给你的可不止两个袖扣- Good day, Calonice. - Claire, what are you doing? -你好卡侬妮卡 -克莱尔你在干什么Thinking. 想事情You're supposed to be on-stage right now. 你现在应该上台了"Calonice, it's more than I can bear. 卡侬妮卡我受不了了I am hot all over with blushes for our sex. 满脑子想着性事燥热得不行Men say we're slippery rogues..." 男人们说我们是狡猾的流氓"And aren't they right?" 他们说得不对吗Come on, let's go. 走吧我们走Come on. 走啊We're all gonna die one day. 我们早晚都会死What? 什么I'm gonna be dead, 我会死you're gonna be dead. 你会死They're all gonna be dead. 他们都会死Everybody. 所有人What the fuck are you talking about? 你究竟在说什么Are those my earrings? 那是我的耳环吗I... didn't think you'd care. 我以为你不会介意You do it. 你去吧以结束战争《利西翠妲》是古希腊早期喜剧作家You be Lysistrata. You know all my lines, right? 你来演利西翠妲台词你都知道对吧You can't just-- 你不能就What about the show? Claire! 演出怎么办克莱尔We are almost good. We just have to adjust the lights. 我们就快好了得再调一下灯光That's fine. 没关系I did want to thank you personally for doing this. 我非常感谢您来参加访谈I really appreciate it. 我真的很感激Wait till we're finished before you do that. 等我们完事后再谢吧Well, I won't deviate from the questions. 我不会问不该问的问题You can ask me anything, as long as it's about the... 你什么都可以问只要是与the president. 总统有关的- Can you get away from me with that? - My apologies. -能别给我弄那个吗 -抱歉- I'm fine. - Sorry, Mr. Shepherd. -这样就行了 -抱歉谢泼德先生It's just that the lights are pretty harsh. 化妆是因为光非常亮It's fine. Let's go. 没事开始吧This Russia debacle, 俄罗斯霸权条款it's essentially a 20% tax 基本上就是向on American companies that are just over there 去该地区帮忙的美国公司trying to help out the region. 收取20%的税It's the latest in a series of... 这是本届政府近来disastrous steps taken by this White House. 频频做出的灾难决策的最新一条And you wonder-- 就难怪You wonder why Congress was looking at legislation 难怪国会要立法to take the nuclear button away from her. 拿走她的核武公文包As a patriot, 作为一名爱国者as an American who loves his country and, yes, his company,作为一名热爱祖国和自己公司的美国人we can do better. 我们可以做得更好We can do so much better. 我们可以做得远比现在好Even Bill Shepherd, 就连比尔·谢泼德who the last time he was interviewed on air was never-- 他以前从不接受采访Even he felt compelled to speak out. 就连他都感到非发声不可了She's the head of my party, and I have to say, I'm at a loss. 她是我党首脑我得说我感到困惑Her entire schedule is empty. 她的整个日程都是空的Presidents have gone missing before-- 以前也有总统失踪But there's a difference between clearing your head at Camp David 但是在戴维营清理思绪可参见电影《飞行家》有严重强迫症的天才大亨and going full-blown Howard Hughes. 和跟霍华德·休斯一样闭门不出不是一回事She hasn't been seen publicly in three weeks or heard from. 她已经三周没有公开露面也没有任何消息Except for a late night pardon for her husband's chief of staff.除了某日半夜赦免了她丈夫的幕僚长Which many consider a strategic mistake. 而很多人认为这是个战略错误Well, Doug Stamper has issues. 道格·斯坦普是有问题的Everyone in her administration has issues. 她政府的每个人都有问题Sean Jeffries, the press secretary, has resigned. 新闻发言人肖恩·杰弗瑞斯辞职了And there are probably more departures to come. 可能还会有更多人离任Her cabinet has had enough. 她的内阁已经受够了And if she thinks a pardon is gonna keep the US Attorney away,如果她认为一次赦免就能摆脱联邦检察官- she's-- - She's-- -她可就... -她- Depressed. - I don't know about depressed. -抑郁了 -我说不好是不是抑郁You know, she looks either very disturbed, or depressed. 她看上去不是精神失常就是很抑郁But, I mean, "disturbed"? Can you really say that? 但是精神失常能那样说吗Yeah. Look, hold on. 是的等等I'm asking a very real question about her ability to lead here. 我对她的领导能力有很大的疑问Have you seen this photo? Because we have. 你们见过这张照片吗我们见过Now we're not here to diagnose, 我们不想妄下诊断but you look at this, and you need to ask. 但你看到这张照片肯定会心生怀疑On behalf of our country, 从国家的角度来讲that woman undid 30 years of foreign policy 那个女人让我们的外交政策倒退了30年by acting like, pardon my French, a... 她表现得像个原谅我说脏话像个[怂包]But now, now we're into a new phase. 但是现在我们进入了一个新阶段When the White House lights are on, but nobody's home. 白宫灯火辉煌却无人坐镇I mean, she's home, but she won't leave. 她倒是在里面但不肯出来Been hunkered down in there for 23 days and counting. 已经缩在那里23天了还没有要出来的意思Apparently, she's stopped doing anything. 显然她已经停止工作了She's paralyzed. 她瘫痪了A paralyzed... 一个瘫痪的[臭娘们]And there's nothing more dangerous than a paralyzed... 而最危险的就是一个瘫痪的[臭娘们] Seriously, I think she might be the worst thing 说真的我觉得她可能是有史以来that has ever happened to this country. 这个国家最糟糕的灾难SOS. 紧急求救Save our souls, save our ships, 救救我们的灵魂救救我们的大船Take your pick. 这两个说法都合适This ... is real. 这可不是闹着玩的I'm Melody Cruz, and that's what I got. 我是梅乐蒂·科鲁兹这就是我的评论That's quite a snapshot, right? 那张抓拍真不错是不是Unique. Carefully calibrated. 独一无二精心设计过Pain, hysteria and just a small dose of crazy. 痛苦歇斯底里再加一点点疯狂Claire Underwood, like they've never seen before. 他们从未见过这样的克莱尔·安德伍德It's actually not as easy as it looks. 其实没有看上去那么简单See, in order for me to make that face, 要摆出那样的表情I have to imagine... 我得发挥想象the perfect combination of things. 把各种情绪完美糅合到一起Here's the recipe. 配方如下First, I have to think about all the ways 首先我得想着in which men have tried to manage me my whole life. 我这一生中男人操控我的各种办法Then, I think of... 然后我要想到America's worst fear... 美国民众最担心的事when it comes to a female in the Oval Office. 就一个女人坐进总统办公室而言- Her schedule has been cleared. - And finally... -她的日程全推干净了 -最后...my biggest regret-- Francis J. Underwood. 我最后悔的事弗兰西斯·J·安德伍德Madam President. 总统女士Are you ill? 你病了吗If you're ill, I'll call the White House physician. 要是病了我去请白宫医生Claire. 克莱尔Just get out, Mark. 出去马克Claire, this has to stop. 克莱尔不能再这样下去了Please, just leave me alone. 请让我一个人静静You are alarming the nation. You need to get up. 你引发了全国性的恐慌你得振作起来Listen. 听着I've prepared a short statement 我准备了一段简短的声明explaining your absence and announcing your return. 解释你之前为何不露面并宣布回归You can deliver it in the Rose Garden this afternoon. 你可以今天下午在玫瑰园发表声明I promise you this is for both of our sakes. 这是为了我们好You don't understand... 你不明白If you would, please. 请先回避Claire... 克莱尔look at me. 看着我- Look at me. - Get out. -看着我 -出去Please get out. 出去吧- Just leave me alone. - You are not only digging your own grave, -别管我 -你这样不仅是自掘坟墓you are burying the presidency. Stop it. 还在葬送你的总统职位别再这样了You can try. 你努努力- Can you try? - I can't, Mark. -努努力好吗 -不行马克I just can't. 我做不到I can't. 我做不到Don't worry. 别担心I have a plan. 我有计划Excuse me. 抱歉Sir. 先生We're good here? 没问题吧Yeah. Thank you. 好谢谢Was it paranoia or is it due diligence? 是多疑还是应当You tell me, Mark. 你说呢马克We both just lived through what that bitch is capable of. 我们刚刚见识了这个贱人多有能耐Something is definitely wrong. 肯定是出了什么问题She... 她...Coffee? 喝咖啡吗I mean, she can't even put two sentences together. 她连说话都缺乏条理Are you sure? 你确定吗I've never seen her like this. She's a mess. 我从来没见过她这样她一团乱Well... 那么Either way, that doesn't change where we are. 不管怎样这改变不了我们的处境And, Mark... 还有马克when Conway imploded, 康威垮掉后we recognized that you were a little squea-- 我们发现你有些squeamish about stepping in. 太过谨慎没有立即上位And we appreciate that. 我们很欣赏这一点But it's time. 但现在是时候了You'll make a great president. 你会成为一个伟大的总统的We'll see to that. 我们会确保的Now, wait, wait. Let's be clear, okay? 等等我们把话说明白I know we've been hitting her pretty hard, 我知道我们一直在狠狠打压她but I can't condone another attempt. 但我不能允许再对她下一次手- I can't. - Calm down. -我做不到 -冷静My God, Mark. I mean, really. 天啊马克说真的There are other ways. 还有其他办法Okay, so we're talking about impeachment 好我们是要弹劾她or a congressional government? 还是国会政府25th Amendment, Section 4. 第25修正案第四款Which has never been used. 从来没人用过It's built for speed, intended to smother a crisis of confidence. 是为了迅速扼杀信心危机Reassure the public. 让民众安心Reassure the world 让世界安心that continuity remains at the American government, 美国政府还能继续运作even if a president becomes... 就算总统变得...- Unable to fulfill his duties. - Her duties. -无法履行他的职责 -她的职责- It requires her to be unfit. - And she is. -前提是她无法胜任 -她现在确实无法胜任I mean... 而且our lawyers have already looked into this. 我们的律师已经查过了She only needs to be deficient. 她只要能力不足就行The language is vague and accommodating. 法律写得模棱两可可以变通Mark, if you have any doubt about this 马克如果你对此- at all-- - I'm just listening. -有所顾虑 -继续说The Cabinet is yours. 内阁听命于你You have relationships inside the Senate, the House, 你在参众两院都有关系on both sides of the aisle. 两党也都有人脉It's a natural fit. 非常合适But the thing has to cascade with-- 但这事必须做得Precision. 天衣无缝A chain reaction beginning with a letter to Congress, 先由副总统和内阁多数成员signed by the vice president 联名写信给国会and a majority of his Cabinet, 建议弹劾我recommending my removal from office. 然后形成连锁反应And how do I know that's what they'll try to do? 我怎么会猜到他们的招数Because the 25th gets personal. 因为第25条就是冲我来的Bill likes me being the damsel in distress. 比尔喜欢我做落难少女He wishes I were. 想得美吧Where you headed? 你去哪儿I have family up north. 我在北方有家人Where? 哪儿North. 北方Cathy's sister still on the Cape? 凯茜的姐姐还在科德角吗Hyannis, right? 在海恩尼斯是吧It's good. 很好Family's important. 家人很重要Especially during trying times-- 尤其是在艰难时刻I'd invite you in, but I really-- 我也想请你进来但我真的...There's still something that I can't get straight. 有些事我总想不通If we could go through it one more time. So... 你再跟我说一遍吧当时She was picked up by car to be taken to the doctor. 她被一辆车接去医生那儿She wasn't feeling well. 她不太舒服You were with her the whole time leading up to the embolism?直到她发生栓塞前你一直跟她在一起Mr. Stamper, enough! 斯坦普先生够了I'm just trying to understand what happened. 我只想弄清怎么回事I don't need you coming around here anymore. 你别再来缠着我了You know exactly what happened. 你清楚是怎么一回事You have the coroner's conclusions. And that's that. 也知道验尸结果事情就是这样I'm in mourning for my wife, 我还在哀悼我妻子and I'm not reliving the final moments of her life anymore. 我不想再提起她生命的最后时刻Not with you. 不想跟你提I think your wife was murdered. 我觉得你妻子是被谋杀的I'm closing the door now. 我要关门了- Hello. - Doug. Fred Amburg here. -喂 -道格我是弗莱德·安博格- Whose phone is this? - This one's mine. -这是谁的电话 -我的I just got out. 我刚出来I had no idea. 我才知道I talked to Cole this morning. 我今早还跟科尔通过话Heard an interesting thing about our esteemed shrink. 我听说了件我们那位心理医生的事You know, that sabbatical, leave, 他休假了事假walkabout, whatever you want to call it. 去旅行了随你怎么说You are looking for him, aren't you? 你在找他是吧Yes. 对He's in a cabin down in Virginia. 他在弗吉尼亚州的一间小屋Here you go. 给Would you mind if I...? 我可以...Thanks. 谢谢Oh, hello? 喂Don't say another word. Don't speak. Just wait. 别说话别开口等着My apologies, I took a wrong turn and wound up in some stairwell. 抱歉我拐错弯跑进楼梯井了We don't have much time until we have to get back upstairs. 我们时间不多得赶回楼上When Marcy first came to me with this proposition, 玛茜最初跟我提这个想法时I was stunned, to say the least. 豪不夸张地说我震惊了Until recently I-- 直到近来I don't know. I didn't realize how truly bad things were. 我才...我没想到事情会这么糟But unseat the president? Jesus Christ. 但赶总统下台我的天啊President's my friend. 总统是我的朋友And while I worry about her mental state, 虽说我担心她的精神状况I worry about the state of this nation more. 但我更担心国家的状况Mr. Vice President, I admire you greatly. 副总统先生我很敬佩你But I'm not used to this kind of thing. 但我不习惯做这种事Back rooms, after hours. 背地里谋算We need to take every precaution. 我们得一万个小心And yet we're still at risk just by being here. 光是过来就很危险了I'm sorry, 抱歉but I believe in the sanctity of the office of the presidency. 但我相信总统一职的神圣性And that's exactly why we're here. 所以我们才聚在这里You're asking us to betray an oath. 你这是让我们背弃誓言I'm asking you to speak your mind. 我是让大家吐露心声A concentrated effort, all of us in this room. 这里的每个人齐心协力We may not be able to save the president, 我们或许救不了总统but we may just be able to save our administration. 但或许救得了我们的政府The 25th is not just about timing. 第25条不仅要看准时机It's about secrecy. 还要绝对保密And the Senate hasn't kept a secret-- 参议院一向守不住秘密Earl, I appreciate that. 厄尔感谢你提到这一点I have the House, and I'll take care of the Senate. 众议院已在我掌控之中参议院也交给我I'll prepare a letter 我会起草一封信detailing the president's dereliction of duty, 详细列出总统的渎职laying out a case for Congress and for posterity. 向国会和后世解释清楚And when the time comes, you'll all be notified. 等时机成熟就会通知大家Look, we're all patriots here. 我们都是爱国者Our first concern, our only concern, has got to be... 我们最牵挂的我们唯一牵挂的必须是the survival of our nation. 国家的生死存亡Fuck! 该死Sit and take a deep breath. 坐下吧深呼吸Sit down. 坐下Dr. Rosen, sit down. 罗森医生坐下How did you get in here? 你怎么进来的I'm assuming you're here because you're suffering. 我想你在这儿是因为你很痛苦And if it's not over Zoe Barnes, 如果不是为佐伊·巴恩斯it's over some other soul that you've torn apart. 就是为另一个被你毁掉的人No. 不对You're assuming I'm here 你想我在这儿because I figured out what you took from me. 是因为我发现了你拿走了我什么东西- Took? - Kept. -拿走 -没给我All personal property should have been returned upon release.所有个人物品都应该在出院时归还原主You're right. It should have. 你说得对是应该There's no accounting for the behavior of supposed professionals. 专业人士竟然做出这种事I once met this psychologist, socially, 我曾经在社交场合遇到过一个心理医生who told me about 她跟我说a party that she hosted once for a group of her peers. 她曾经给同僚们办了一次派对It was just a roomful of shrinks. 请了一屋子的心理医生At the end of the night, she was cleaning up, 那晚派对结束后她在打扫she went into the bathroom 走进卫生间and she saw that one of her colleagues had smeared shit 发现她的某个同事把屎all over the bathroom wall. 糊了一墙Now, what kind of fucked up person would do something like that? 什么变态会做出那种事Well, I guess it's true what they say. 看来传言是真的That shrinks are the most fucked up of all. 心理医生才是最变态的Such a violence to that act. 那种行为很是暴力But violence is a funny thing. 但暴力很有趣You know, it's not so much the physical pain 其实受害者记得最清楚的that can victims can remember. 不是肉体上的疼痛It's the feelings around it. 而是当时的感觉The fear. 那种恐惧Where is it? The will you intercepted? Where is it? 在哪你扣下的遗嘱在哪你放哪了I don't have it anymore. 已经不在我这儿了I don't have it! 不在我这儿What was in it? 里面写了什么He left you everything. 他把一切都留给了你God... 天啊Take it. 拿着吧Thank you. 谢谢I thought it was a strange question. 我当时就觉得那么问很奇怪What? 什么When you asked me what Francis Underwood had given me.你问我弗兰西斯·安德伍德留给我什么了That's how the will ends. 遗嘱的结语就是这样的"Remember the last thing I gave you." "记住我最后给你的那样东西"Don't call her or I'll be back. 别给她打电话否则我会回来的Hope you figure out your problems, Doctor. 希望你能搞清楚自己的问题医生Take it. 拿走吧If you want it, it's yours. 想要的话就送你了Do you ever wonder if you're living somebody else's life? 你想没想过自己过的是别人的生活Whose life are you living, Jane? 你过的是谁的生活简Not me. You. 我在问你呢You seem to be struggling with your identity. 你好像饱受身份困扰If that's not too impertinent to say to a... 希望这样说现任总统不会太...sitting president. 冒昧Come keep me company while I put my jammies on. 过来陪我换睡衣吧Please. 帮我一下Your little show of compliance at the funeral 你在葬礼上佯装顺从as you made your side deal with Victor. 却和维克多私下达成协议Makes me wonder. 让我不禁想And now what? 现在呢What do you call this show? 你现在演的是哪一出How to turn 323 million people against you in three short weeks?怎样在短短三周内让三亿两千三百万人都反对你Congratulations, Claire. 恭喜克莱尔You've become a problem for everybody. 你现在让所有人头疼And... 还有Just so you know, 你要知道Syria may be too far gone. 叙利亚可能无可挽回了Tell me what to do, Jane. 告诉我该怎么办简I was at an event tonight. 我今晚参加了一个活动An event the president usually attends. 通常总统都会参加And how was that evening? 今晚过得如何The storm that's gathering is a rough one. 正在形成的风暴很难对付When you think they'll strike? 你觉得他们什么时候会动手I have no idea. 我不知道It's late. 有点晚了That's exactly what I'm saying. 我正是这意思I think I should move out. 我想我该搬出去了I understand. 我理解Stick to this course, Madam President, 你再这么下去总统女士and... 那么...Full house. 座无虚席呢You must be looking for different answers 你们想必是想听不同的答案to the same questions we've been going over for the last-- 这相同的问题已经问了... Now, 24 days. 24天And the president still hasn't left the residence. 而总统仍然没离开官邸- And this is where I say-- - Kelsey, come on. -我只能说... -凯尔茜拜托For now, the ground-breaking accord with Russia, 目前与俄罗斯所达成的旨在维系which aims for a just and lasting peace in Syria, 叙利亚公正且持久的和平的突破性协议speaks for itself. 就足以说明一切So, 那么unless there are any more questions, 除非各位还有其他问题or shall I say new questions? Yes. 应该说新的问题请说Isn't the vice president really the one running the show, 真正操盘的人是不是副总统essentially acting as president? 实质上掌控了总统实权There are members of the cabinet who are saying as much. 有些内阁成员也这么说Well, firstly, I would refrain from using the word "show," 首先提及白宫事宜时when it comes to the White House. 不建议使用"操盘"这种字眼And-- yeah. That's all for today. 那么今天就到此结束Thank you. 谢谢Are you sure you're not hungry? 你确定不饿吗The soup is quite nice. 汤还不错I don't know how you can-- 我不知道你怎么能...Eat? 吃得下吗No, I'm... 不我...glad to see you're eating. 很高兴见你恢复食欲Madam President, it's beyond repair. 总统女士情势已经无法挽救You understand that, at this point? 到了这个地步你明白吧You've lost the Hill. 你失去了国会的支持You've lost your cabinet. 失去了内阁的支持You've lost the country. 失去了国家的支持You've lost. 你输了Your own party can't even find a reason to support you. 你所属的政党也找不到理由支持你I entreat you-- 我恳求你You entreat me? 恳求我Resign. 辞职And are you speaking to me as vice president? 你这是以副总统的身份对我说吗I'm speaking to you as a person. 我以一个人的身份对你说Blame it on... 就说是the strain after Francis' death, the strain of the office itself. 弗兰西斯的死带来的压力总统职务的重荷Language can be found, but the best you can hope for now... 说辞总是有但你现在最好的结果is a dignified exit. 就是带着尊严离开What's so moving about him is he can't help himself. 他最令人动容之处在于他没法不如此He can't help being decent. Human. 如此言行得体充满人性His glorious flaw. 他那光荣的缺陷What this means is 这意味着they're gonna go through with it. 他们会行动的No, Mark. 不马克I'm staying right where I am. 我哪也不去You got two minutes. 给你两分钟That's not Rachel Posner. 这不是瑞秋·波斯纳Is it? 是吗You knew Rachel Posner. 你认识瑞秋·波斯纳I mean... 应该yeah, I guess. 算是吧Enough to use her name for someone else's ID? 你和她熟到可以把她名字给别人That's what you do, isn't it? 这就是你做的生意吧Kind of pay the names forward? 给下位客户前一个人的名字No. 不是What name did you give Rachel? 你给了瑞秋什么假名I don't remember. 我不记得了I don't. 我说真的When did you last see her? 你最后一次见到她是什么时候Come on. 饶了我吧Couple of years ago or something. 可能几年前吧It was where she worked. 在她上班的地方Is she dead? 她死了吗- I got nothing to do with that. - Did you help kill her? -跟我没关系 -你是不是帮凶I'm talking to you. 我在跟你说话Man. I want my lawyer. 别这样我要找律师Do you know... 你认识Doug Stamper? 道格·斯坦普吗No. 不认识What name did you give her? 你给了她什么假名What was her name? 她叫什么名字Lisa. 丽莎- Lisa? - Yeah. Lisa Cassie. -丽莎 -嗯丽莎凯茜- Lisa Cassie? - Cassie, Lisa. -丽莎·凯茜 -凯茜丽莎- Yeah. - Lisa and Cassie? -对 -丽莎和凯茜Back at the White House. 你回到白宫了You took his room. 你住进了他的房间It's bigger. 更宽敞些Can you tell me why 你能告诉我为什么it was so important that we meet here and now? 我们非要现在在这里见面吗Honestly, I was hoping we could meet in the West Wing. 老实说我是希望能在白宫西楼会面的I haven't left the residence in... 我已经在这里足不出户...Well, I'm sure you still read the news. 我相信你还是看新闻的And your pardon... 而且你的赦免hasn't helped me or Francis. 没有帮到我或弗兰西斯I don't feel comfortable here. 我在这里感觉不舒服Whatever bad memories you may have, Doug... 不管你在这里有什么不好的回忆道格sometimes it takes a long time to understand 有时候要花很长时间才能理解who's the real source of our harm. 是谁真正伤害了我们And I have failed to make you trust me, 我没能让你相信我and that's a shame. 这太遗憾了I trust what I know. 我相信我所了解的You have enemies, and they underestimate you. 你有很多敌人他们低估了你And how do you think they'll come at me? 你认为他们会怎样攻击我Has Congressman Cole said anything to you? 科尔议员对你说什么了吗I think she's alive. 我觉得她还活着Cathy Durant. 凯茜·杜兰特I don't know where she is or what she's up to, but... 我不知道她在哪里或在搞什么事但是...I knew you'd want to know. 我知道你会想知道的I want you to know something. 我想让你知道一件事情Francis died in this room. 弗兰西斯死在这间屋子里I told everyone it was in my bed. 我告诉大家他死在我床上But it was right there on the floor. 但其实就在这片地板上Whoever killed him. 不管是谁杀了他Am I missing something? 我遗漏了什么吗Whoever killed him 杀了他的人will get what she or he deserves. 将得到她或他应有的下场Timing decided the shape of the universe. 时机决定了宇宙的形状Who said that? 谁说的Me. 我Hell is truth seen too late. 地狱是明白得太晚的真理Did you say that? 这是你说的吗Thomas Hobbes. 托马斯·霍布斯Usher... 厄舍your bet. 你下注- I'll check, please. - Don't be polite. -我要看牌谢谢 -别这么礼貌I played with you before. 我以前和你玩过I know you're holding. 我知道你有好牌Bill, you sure? 比尔你确定吗I can deal you in on the next hand. 我可以在下一手分牌给你- I don't play. - Is it true she's a basket case? -我不玩 -她真疯了吗Or just a plain old Democrat. 或者就是一个普通的民主党人So, I'll have the letter. 我会把信准备好That's a hundred to see mine. 要看我的牌得再加一百And when it comes time, Hank, 等时间到了汉克I don't want to end up 我不想最后on the Senate floor with a piece of paper in one hand-- 在参议院里一手拿着一张纸And your balls in the other? 另一只手上只有你的蛋We've all been there. 我们都是过来人Just keep my balls out of it. 别说我的蛋了Usher, you want me to whip, 厄舍你要让我去拉票but you don't want me to tell my senators what they're voting on.却不让我告诉参议员们他们在为什么投票And pass without debate. 还要不经过讨论就通过I'm out. 我不跟At least tell me what they're getting. 至少告诉我他们会得到什么A new resident in the White House. 白宫的新主人Well, Mr. President. 总统先生Are you in or are you out? 你是跟还是不跟I call. 我跟And... 还有...bump you 500. 加注500I would never call this enemy territory. 我永远不会称这里为敌方领地It might sound quaint, 听起来可能有点奇怪but I believe in the Republic. 但我相信共和制Well, thank you for coming. 感谢你的到来It's not sustainable. 这种媒体的攻击This media onslaught. 是持续不下去的I wonder if you'd consider calling off the dogs. 不知你是否可以考虑叫你的狗收手All I'm asking for is a pause. Couple of days or so. 就暂缓一下几天就行You flatter me, Madam President. 你恭维我了总统女士But my reach only goes so far. 但我的能力也不过如此It seems they want you to resign. 看来他们想让你辞职Who's they? 是谁想Who isn't? 谁不想Pardon my bluntness. 请原谅我的直言不讳Oh, no, I enjoy bluntness. Saves time. 不我喜欢直言不讳这样节省时间But should I resign for the high crime of being a female? 但我是否应该因身为女性而辞职Oh, I think the reasoning goes deeper than that. 我认为有比那更深刻的原因I think... 我认为...and this is just my perspective, 这只是我个人的观点。

收藏 A. 约翰被人依靠，他不吃鱼，玩游戏。 B. 约翰为人可靠，他一向不吃鱼，而且经常玩游戏。 C. 约翰依靠别人，他很忠诚，不喜欢玩游戏。 D. 约翰为人可靠，他既忠诚又正直。
回答错误!正确答案： D
交流思想是通过语言进行，而语言是交流思想的 。
收藏 A. 工具 B. 媒介 C. 手段 D. 物质
回答错误!正确答案： D
“力大如牛”用英语正确翻译为 as strong as a _______。
收藏 A. horse B. tiger C. cattle D. lion
回答错误!正确答案： A
译文中若出现词语不搭配的现象，就会产生_______。
收藏 A. 翻译症 B. 翻译病 C. 翻译腔 D. 翻译调
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
回答错误!正确答案： A
下列四种语言特点， _______不符合英语语言的实际情况。
收藏 A. 重形合 B. 多替代 C. 多物称词作主语 D. 多动态词语
回答错误!正确答案： D
英国语言学家 M.A.K.Halliday 提出构成语境的三要素中，"field of discours e"指_______。
下列说法中，正确的一项是 _________。
收藏 A. 在理论方面，鲁迅曾针对当时赵景深的“宁信而不顺”的提法，提出了“宁顺而不信”的主张。 B. 在理论方面，赵景深曾针对当时鲁迅的“宁信而不顺”的提法，提出了“宁顺而不信”的主张。 C. 在理论方面，鲁迅曾针对当时赵景深的“宁顺而不信”的提法，提出了“宁信而不顺”的主张。 D. 在理论方面，赵景深曾针对当时鲁迅的“宁顺而不信”的提法，提出了“宁 信而不顺”的主张。
收藏 A. 跨语言、跨社会 B. 跨语言、跨社会 C. 跨语言 D. 跨语言、跨文化、跨社会

The strange death of the salutation邮件问候语最好不要省Last week a friend asked me a question I should have been able to answer straight away.上周，有位朋友问了我一个问题，我本该能够立刻回答他的。

Because it was close to the end of the UK tax year on April 5, he had to write a grovelling letter to Her Majesty’s Revenue & Customs.英国纳税年度于4月5日终止，由于终止日临近，他不得不向英国税务海关总署(HMRC)写了一封低声下气的信。

He had no way of knowing which tax official would see the letter, but he was sure the document should be faultlessly polite, which is why he asked: “Should I start it with ‘To Whom It May Concern’? Or does no one write that any more?”他无从得知哪位税务官员会看到这封信，但他确信这封信应该十分礼貌、让人挑不出一点错，所以他才会问：“我该用‘敬启者’(To Whom It May Concern)开头吗？还是已经没人这样写了？”At first I thought of telling him: goest ahead with thy ye olde salutation. Using it might suggest he was of a certain age, and hopelessly past it, modern life-wise - but for tax office purposes this could be a good thing.起初我想告诉他：就用你那个古早的问候语吧。

弃我去者，昨日之日不可留乱我心者，今日之日多烦忧【名人名言(中英文对照)（励志篇）】【名人名言】奋斗1. Genius only means hard-working all one's life. (Mendeleyer , Russian Chemist)天才只意味着终身不懈的努力。

(俄国化学家门捷列耶夫)2. I have nothing to offer but blood, toil tears and sweat. (Winston Churchill, British Politician)我所能奉献的没有其它，只有热血、辛劳、眼泪与汗水。

(英国政治家丘吉尔 . W.)3. Our destiny offers not only the cup of despair , but the chalice of opportunity.(Richard Nixon, American President )命运给予我们的不是失望之酒，而是机会之杯。

(美国总统尼克松 . R.)4. Patience is bitter, but its fruit is sweet. (Jean Jacques Rousseau , French thinker)忍耐是痛苦的，但它的果实是甜蜜的。

(法国思想家卢梭. J. J.)5. There is no royal road to science, and only those who do not dread the fatiguing climb of gaining its numinous summits. (Karl Marx, German revolutionary )在科学上没有平坦的大道，只有不畏劳苦沿着其崎岖之路攀登的人，才有希望达到它光辉的顶点。

( 德国革命家马克思. K .)6. The man who has made up his mind to win will never say " impossible". (Bonaparte Napoleon ,French emperor )凡是决心取得胜利的人是从来不说“不可能的”。

第一章节测验1【单选题】Baseball was invented as an urban game in order for owners to make money, players to become arrogant, and spectators to drink overpriced beer. The tone of the sentence is _____ ____. 答案：humorous•A、objective•B、nostalgic•C、humorous•D、bitter2【单选题】The Puritans came to the new land for religious freedom, ye t they allowed little freedom to their followers. Anne Hutch inson was banished from the colony for preaching that salvat ion can come through good works. The tone of the sentence is _________. 答案：ironic•A、ironic•B、sentimental•C、optimistic•D、friendly3【单选题】When I study now, I’m in a lab with 50 noisy computers. What happened to the quiet chair in a corner with a table for your books, papers, and pencils? The tone of the sent ence is _________. 答案：nostalgic•A、objective•B、nostalgic•C、bitter•D、critical4【单选题】If given the funding, scientists could trace most aggressive behavior of crime and violence to either too much testoste rone or low blood sugar. The tone of the sentence is _____ ____. 答案：objective•A、objective•B、sentimental•C、subjective•D、joyful5【单选题】Editorials in newspapers are written mainly to __________. 答案：argue a point•A、argue a point•B、entertain readers•C、provide information•D、tell a story6【单选题】Samuel Slater opened a new factory in Rhode Island in 1790 and employed seven boys and two girls between the ages of seven and twelve. The primary purpose of this sentence is to __________. 答案：inform readers•A、persuade readers•B、inform readers•C、to entertain readers•D、describe a place7【单选题】The CIA was engaged in (covert) activities in South America that were not made public. The word in the paranthesis me ans _____. 答案：hidden•A、foreign•B、dishonest•C、dangerous•D、hidden8【单选题】The meeting was brief, and the message was (concise) and to the point. The word in the paranthesis means _________. 答案：short•A、laborious•B、lengthy•C、short•D、important9【单选题】If we have to have a pet around the house, get one that is (docile) and easy to manage. The word in the paranthesis means_________. 答案：gentle•A、gentle•B、short•C、sick•D、young10【单选题】He talked so loudly that it became the (dominant) characteri stic of his personality, the one you remembered. The word i n the paranthesis means _________. 答案：outstanding•A、outstanding•B、laudable•C、negative•D、diminished11【单选题】The student was accused of (plagiarism) because the term pap er contained the exact words of an author without giving a reference. The word in the paranthesis means__________. 答案：stealing words•A、stealing words•B、false handwriting•C、counterfeiting•D、sin12【判断题】Much of our lives, in fact, is spent filling out surveys, taking tests, and being interviewed. This statement is a fac t. 答案：错误13【判断题】Alder, too, believed that early childhood experiences shaped the human personality, but he emphasized the social nature o f the child’s urges. This statement is an opinion. 答案：错误14【判断题】When you use annotations to clarify, you can underline key statements, number supporting arguments, define unusual words, and paraphrasing difficult passages. 答案：正确15【判断题】In the margin of a book you explicitly state the ideas onl y indirectly suggested by the text. This is annotation to e valuate. 答案：错误16【判断题】If the meaning of words or structure is unclear, a well-pla ced question mark will remind you of what is puzzling. 答案：正确17【判断题】Feel free to express your bold or unusual opinions with any type of phrase, mark, or sign that conveys your attitude. In this case, you are using the annotations to evaluate.答案：正确18【判断题】Through annotations to clarify, you may recognize your reacti ons and express them in writing. 答案：错误19【判断题】A reading journal is a diary of your thought processes. 答案：正确20【判断题】The reading journal provides the space for more extended ide as-and particularly for ideas not tied to a particular passa ge of the original. 答案：正确21【判断题】You should avoid shifting the topic, contradicting yourself, or losing sense in your journal. 答案：错误22【判断题】Like any type of writing, your reading journal needs to be convincing. 答案：错误23【判断题】Unlike marginal comments, what you write in the journal is often decided by your teacher. 答案：错误24【判断题】One technique for developing the habit of keeping a journal is freewriting. 答案：正确25【判断题】Outlining is a form of note-taking that gives a quick displ ay of key issues and essential supporting details. 答案：正确26【判断题】The outline forces you to sort out significant details and decide on levels of importance. 答案：正确27【判断题】When taking notes in outline form, record as many details a s you can. 答案：错误28【判断题】Always remember you are outlining to save time for later st udy and review. 答案：正确第二章节测验1【单选题】Which of the following sentences makes the best main idea?答案：B•A、Walking for twenty minutes a day three times a week strengt hens the heart.•B、Swimming utilizes all the muscles of the body and improves lung capacity.•C、Exercise is important.•D、Exercise can contribute to a healthier heart and stronger lu ngs.2【单选题】Which of the following sentences makes the best main idea?答案：D•A、As a college student there are many appealing coursesof study from which to choose.•B、Computer science programs are increasingly popular.•C、Child care and teaching appeal to a large number of students.•D、Many high school students attend college.3【单选题】Which of the following sentences makes the best main idea?答案：For many of us, our relationship with our parents is unquestionably our greatest cause of stress.•A、Some of us suffer great stress over our relationships.•B、Much of our adult lives is spent trying to come to terms with one of our parents.•C、Many people seek therapy to cope with parental relationships.•D、For many of us, our relationship with our parents isunquestionably our greatest cause of stress.4【单选题】People are increasingly concerned about food safety, and matt ers such as food-borne illnesses, environmental contaminations, natural toxicants in foods, pesticides, and food additives. Moving the food from the field to processors, stores, and onto your table requires a vast network. Public agencies m onitor this huge network. Which of the following is the bes t topic for the passage? 答案：food safety•A、food safety•B、public agencies•C、food-borne illnesses•D、pesticides5【单选题】Health is a cultural concept that is defined differently in different cultures. The prevailing definition of health has evolved from the “absence of illness”to the broader ter m, wellness, with its definition as “a life-style that emph asizes such health- promoting behaviors as eating a healthful diet, avoiding harmful substances, enjoying regular exercise, and cultivating self-esteem.”Which of the following is be st topic for this passage? 答案：definition of health•A、cultural concepts•B、definition of health•C、cultivating self-esteem•D、eating a healthful diet6【单选题】Sociolinguistics is concerned with the ethnography of speaking , that is, with cultural and subcultural patterns of speech variation in different social contexts. The sociolinguist mi ght ask, for example, what kinds of things one talks aboutin casual conversations with a stranger. A foreigner may k now English vocabulary and grammar well but may not know th at one typically chats with a stranger about the weather or where one comes from, and not about what one ate that da y or how much money one earns. A foreigner may be familiar with much of the culture of a North American city, but i f that person divulges the real state of his or her health and feelings to the first person who says, “How are you?”he or she has much to learn about “small talk”in No rth American English. Similarly, North Americans tend to get confused in societies where greetings are quite different f rom ours. People in some other societies may ask a greeting , “Where are you going?”or “What are you cooking?”Som e Americans may think such questions are rude; others may t ry to answer in excruciating detail, not realizing that only vague answers are expected, just as we don’t really expec t a detailed answer when we ask people “How are you?”--Judith Resnick & Lanny Lester, Text & Thought, pp. 194-195 Which of the following is the best summary for this passa ge? 答案：Sociolinguists are interested in how speech is used in different cultures and different social contexts, such as in making small talk and greeting people.•A、A foreigner may be familiar with the English languagebut not with the appropriate topics for making small talk.•B、North Americans may not respond appropriately to greetings in other societies.•C、Conversation differs around the world.•D、Sociolinguists are interested in how speech is used in different cultures and different social contexts, suchas in making small talk and greeting people.7【单选题】Paraphrase Nine out of ten doctors responding to a survey s aid they recommend our product to their patients if they re commend anything. Which of the following best explains the m eaning of the original sentence? 答案：If they recommend anything, nine out of ten doctors responding to a survey recommend the product.•A、Nine out of ten doctors recommend the product.•B、Of the doctors who responded to a survey, nine out of ten doctors recommend the product.•C、If they recommend anything, nine out of ten doctors responding to a survey recommend the product.•D、Most doctors recommend the product.8【单选题】Paraphrase This organization may succeed marvelously at whatit wants to do, but what it wants to do may not be all that important. Which of the following best explains the mea ning of the original sentence? 答案：Although the organization may reach its goals, the goals might not be important.•A、Although the organization may reach its goals, the goals might not be important.•B、The organization is marvelous.•C、What the organization wants is marvelous.•D、The organization does not have a clear goal.9【单选题】Paraphrase This book contains a totally new outlook that com bines the wisdom of the past with scientific knowledge to s olve the problems of the present. Which of the following be st explains the meaning of the original sentence? 答案：In this book, current knowledge and past wisdom are combined to solve current problems.•A、Problems of the past and present are solved in this book.•B、In this book, current knowledge and past wisdom are combined to solve current problems.•C、Only by using knowledge of the past and present can we solve problems.•D、None of today’s problems can be solved without scientific knowledge.10【单选题】Paraphrase It would be difficult to overpraise this book. Wh ich of the following best explains the meaning of the origi nal sentence? 答案：This book deserves much praise.•A、This is a difficult book.•B、It is difficult not to overpraise this book.•C、This book deserves much praise.•D、It is difficult to praise this book.11【单选题】Paraphrase When there is an absence of reliable information about drugs, the risks involved in using them are greatly i ncreased. Which of the following best explains the meaning o f the original sentence? 答案：Using drugs is more dangerous when we don’t know what effects and danger are involved.•A、There is no reliable information about drugs.•B、There are no risks involved in using drugs if we have reliable information about them.•C、The risks involved in using drugs have increased. •D、Using drugs is more dangerous when we don’t know what effects and danger are involved.。

英文谚语大全A bad beginning makes a bad ending. 恶其始者必恶其终。

A bad bush is better than the open field. 有胜于无。

A bad compromise is better than a good lawsuit. 吃亏的和解也比胜诉强。

A bad conscience is a snake in one''s heart. 做贼心虚。

A bad custom is like a good cake, better broken than kept. 坏习惯像鲜馅饼，分食要比保存好。

A bad padlock invites a picklock. 开门揖盗。

A bad penny always turns up.A bad thing never dies. 坏事传千年。

A bad workman quarrels with his tools. 拙匠常怨工具差(人笨怨刀钝)。

A bargain is a bargain. 达成的协议不可撕毁。

A beggar''s purse is bottomless. 乞丐的钱袋是无底洞。

A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush. 双鸟在林不如一鸟在手。

A bird is known by its note, and a man by his talk. 闻其歌知其鸟，听其言知其人。

A bird may be known by its song. 什么鸟唱什么歌。

A bit in the morning is better than nothing all day. 略有胜于全无。

A blind man who leans against a wall imagines that it''s the boundary of the world. 坐井观天。

1.The progress of bourgeois economy made England a powerful state and enabledher in 1588 to inflict a defeat on the Spanish Invincible Armada. T2.The Protestant Reformation was in essence a religious movement in a politicalguise. F3.Before the Reformation, the English Bible was universally used by the Catholicchurches. F4.Shakespeare’s sonnets are divided into three groups: Numbers 1—17, Numbers18—126, and Numbers 127—154. T5.Shakespeare’s sonnets are written for variety of virtues. T6.Shakespeare wrote about his own people and for his own time. T7.To reproduce the real life, Shakespeare often combines the majestic with the funny,the poetic with the prosaic(散文体的) and tragic with the comic. T8.Utopia is More’s masterpiece, written in the form of letters betw een More andHythloday, a voyage. F9.Both the gentlemen and the common people went to the theatres. But the upperclass was the dominant force in Elizabethan theatre. T10.From Shakespeare’s history plays, it can be seen that Shakespeare took a greatinterest in the political questions of his time. T11.Generally speaking, after Shakespeare, the English drama was undergoing aprocess of prosperity. F12.English Renaissance Period was an age of poetry and drama, and was an age ofprose. F13.Utopia, Book One, describes an ideal communist society. F14.English literature of the 17th century witnessed a flourish on the whole. F15.The Revolution Period is also called Age of Milton because it produced a greatpoet whole name is William Milton. F16.The main literary form in literature of Revolution Period is drama. F17.Among the English poets during the Revolution Period, John Donne was thegreatest one. F18.The greatest epic produced by Milton, Paradise Lost, is written in heroic couplets.F19.The 18th century was an age of poetry. A group of excellent prose writers, such asJonathan Swift, Samuel Richardson, Henry Fielding, were produced. F20.Novel writing made a big advance in the 18th century. The main characters in thenovels were no longer common people, but the kings and nobles. F21.The 19th century produced the first English novelists, who fall into two groups: thesentimentalist novelists and the realist novelist. F22.Robert Burns is remembered mainly for his songs written in the English dialect ona variety of subjects. F23.My Hea rt’s in the Highlands is one of the best known poems written by RobertBurns in which he pored his unshakable love for his homeland. T24.Many of Goldsmith’s poems were put to music. F25.Pre-romanticism is ushered by Burns and Blake and represented by Percy,Macpherson and Chatterton. F26.English Romantic literature started from mid-18th to the early 19th century. F27.Jane Austen is one of the greatest romantic woman novelists. T28.After composing the Lucy poems, Wordsworth began his The Prelude . T29.P.B. Shelley gaine d his nickname, “Mad Shelley” because of his independent andrebellious attitude. T30.Lyrical Ballads begins with Coleridge’s long poem, “Tintern Abbey”. F31.Many of the subjects of the poems in Lyrical Ballads deal with elements of nature.T32.Coleridge wrote the majority of poems in Lyrical Ballads. F33.Wordsworth’s“I Wondered Lonely as a Cloud” has another name, Growth of aPoet’s Mind. F34.The Prelude is a long and autobiographical poem considered as Coleridge’smasterpiece. F35.Some romantic writers stood on the side of the feudal forces and even combinedthemselves with those forces. T36.Wordsworth and Coleridge are revolutionary Romantic poets. F37.Byron and Shelley and Keats are known as the romantic poets of the secondgeneration. T38.The romanticists paid great attention to the spiritual and emotional life of man. T39.Jane Austen is a writer who regards novel writing as a sophisticated art. T40.The story of Shelley’s Prometheus Unbound was taken from Roman mythology. F41.Shelley is one of the leading Romantic poets, an intense and original lyrical poetin the English language. T42.Byron’s Don Juan begins with descriptions of the hero’s childhood. T43.Byron’s literary career was closely linked with the struggle and progressivemovements of his age. T44.Byron opposed oppression and slavery, and has a passionate love for liberty. T45.Wordsworth drew inspirations from the mountains and lakes. T46.Dickens’ The Pickwick Papers gives a rather comprehensive picture of early 19thcentury England. T47.Mr. Pickwick and Sam Weller were two major characters in The Pickwick Paperswhich aroused the interests of the readers. T48.In Oliver Twist, Dickens makes his readers aware of the inhumanity of country lifeunder capitalism. F49.The title Bleak House is not only the name of a house but is also an apt (贴切的)description of the society of the time. T50.Hard Times is a fierce attack on the bourgeois system of education and ethics(论理学，道德学) and on utilitarianism (功利主义）. T51.A Tale of Two Cities takes the Industrial Revolution as the subject. F52.The theme underlying A Tale of Two Cities is the idea “Where there is oppression,there is revolution.” T53.The story of Tess is filled with a feeling of dismal foreboding and doom. T54.Fateful circumstances and tragic coincidences abound in the book of Jude theObscure. F55.James Joyce and Virginia Woolf are the two best-known novelists of the “streamof consciousness” school. T56. With the establishment of the Jacobin dictatorship in France, Wordsworth’s attitude toward revolution changed into active. ( F )57．In the revised version of Lyrical Ballads, Coleridge held that poetry is the “spontaneous overflow of powerful feeling”. ( F )58. Romanticism is a literary trend. It prevailed in England in the period (1798---1832) ( F )59. The ideals of French Revolution are liberty, democracy, and equality. ( F )6. The brilliant literary criticism “Biographia Literaria” is written by Wordsworth. ( F )60. A Tale of Two Cities belongs to the first writing phase of Dickens’s career, and the two cities are London and Paris. ( F )61. Symbolism, Surrealism, Imagism, Expressionism, etc, all belong to School of Modernism. ( T )62. The Rainbow is D. H. Lawrence’s autobiographical work. ( T )63. Chaucer employed the heroic couplet in writing his greatest work The Canterbury tales. T64. Shakespeare’s plays have been traditionally divided into four categories according to dramatic type: histories, comedies, tragedies and romances. T65. John Milton’s Paradise Lost opens with the description of a meeting among the fallen angels, and ends with the departure of Adam and Eve from the Garden of Eden. T66. “ Till a’ the seas gang dry, my dear, / And the rocks melt wi’ the sun: / I will luve thee still, my dear, / While the sands of life shall run.” The above lines are take n from the famous poem “Scots Wha Hae”. F67. In Gulliver’s Travels, Yahoos are the creatures living in Houyhnynms. T68. As an age of romantic enthusiasm, the Romantic Age began in 1789 when Wordsworth and Coleridge published Lyrical Ballads. F69. Odes a re generally regarded as Keats’ most important and mature works. T70. Wuthering Heights is written by Ann Bronte. It is a morbid story of love, but a powerful attack on the bourgeois marriage system. F71.The English translation of the Bible emerged as a result of the struggle betweenProtestant and Catholicism. T72.The Bible was notably translated into English by the Protestants. T73.Apart from the religious influence, the Authorized Version has had a greatinfluence on English language and literature. T74.Rationalism is the theme of the English Renaissance, which emphasized thecapacities of human mind and the achievements of human nature. F75.Sonnets contain Italian sonnets and Shakespeare sonnets. T76.The highest glory of the English Renaissance was unquestionably its novel. F77.In the 16th century, London became the centre of English drama. T78.In the Elizabethan Theater, there were no actress and women’s parts were alwaystaken by boys. T79.Shakespeare’s drama becomes a monument of the English neo-classicism. F80.The Pilgrim’s Progress gives a vivid and satirical picture of Vanity Fair which isthe symbol of London at the time of Restoration. T81.John Milton’s masterpiece, The Pilgrim’s Progress, is an allegory, a narrative inwhich general concepts such as sins, despair, and faith are represented as people or as aspects of the natural world. F82.Satan is the hero in Milton’s masterpiece The Pilgrim’s Progress. F83.English enlighteners believed in the emmotion. F84.English enlighteners believed that social problems could be dealt with by humanintelligence. T。

专业英语八级英美文学知识分类模拟题4专业英语八级英美文学知识分类模拟题4单项选择题1. ______ was the only female American prose writer in the 19th century.A.Emily DickinsonB.Jane AustinC.George EliotD.Harriet Beecher Stowe答案：D美国19世纪唯一的女散文作家是Harriet Beecher Stowe(哈利特·比彻·斯托)。

Emily Dickirson(艾米丽·迪金森)是女诗人。

另外两位是英国女作家。

2. Harriet Beecher Stowe's works mainly focus on ______.A.romanticismB.local colourismC.naturalismD.transcendentalism答案：BHarriet Beecher Stowe(哈利特·比彻·斯托)的作品充满了乡土气息。

3. Which of the following is the masterpiece by Harriet Beecher Stowe?A.Dred: A Tale of the Great Dismal SwampB.Sam Lawson's Fireside Stories'C.Uncle Tom "s CabinD.The Gilded Age答案：CSwamp(《德雷德：阴暗大沼地的故事》)和Sam Lawson's Fireside Stories(《山姆·罗森的炉边故事》)也是她的作品，但没有前者有名。

The Gilded Age(《镀金时代》)是Mark Twain(马克·吐温)的作品。

4. ______ is the masterpiece written by William Dean Howells.A.The Rise of Silas LaphamB.The Innocents AbroadC.The Tragedy of Pudd'nhead WisonD.The Man That Corrupted Hadleyburg答案：AThe Rise of Silas Lapham(《塞拉斯·拉帕姆的发迹》)是威廉·迪恩·豪威尔斯的名作。

英语阅读（2）一、判断题1.The conference was a milestone and marked a shift from traditional development and life styles to the start of sustained development in the global economy.译文：这次会议是一个里程碑，标志着从传统的发展和生活方式向全球经济可持续发展的开始转变。

A.对B.错正确答案: Alions of pairs of fake Levi's jeans have been seized all around the would. 译文：成双成双的仿冒李维斯牛仔裤被占领。

A.对B.错正确答案: B3.For most, it is a belief that the ‘spirit’ of the person, not the body, will find another life beyond death.译文：对大多数信徒而言，他们相信人的“精神”，而不是肉体，将在死亡之后找到新生。

A.对B.错正确答案: A4.Most religions have a view, or a story, which explains the creation of the world. 译文：大多数宗教都有解释创造世界的观点或故事。

A.对B.错正确答案: A5.Although there are now a huge number of different religions in the world, there are certain basic things that they almost all have in common.译文：虽然现在世界上有很多不同的宗教，但它们几乎都有一些基本的共同之处。

A.对B.错正确答案: A6.The boring of the Tunnel took three and a half years.译文：隧道的沉闷花了三年半的时间。

商务英语考试初级阅读材料备考商务英语考试初级阅读材料备考三人行，必有我师焉。

择其善者而从之，其不善者而改之。

以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的商务英语考试初级阅读材料备考，希望对正在关注的您有所帮助!应征面谈Introducing Yourself at an Interview找工作时的面试，正是应征单位决定是否要延揽应征者的依据。

在面试中，除需注意衣装合宜之外，得体出众的谈吐实为关键所在。

怎么样的谈话内容和态度，才能使你脱颖而出呢?英文正文Good morning. It’s a pleasure for me to be here in front of you to present myself. My name is Jennifer Wong, and I am a candidate for the position of Overseas Sales Representative.My background and work experience are tailor-made for this position. I studied marketing as an undergrad here in Taiwan, and in 1985, I received my MBA from the University of Texas School of Business. For five years now, I have utilized my skills and knowledge as the Assistant Director of Exports for Magic Kitchen Supplies.Action Appliances is a forward-looking company. I am aware that you are expanding into new markets, particularly in the U.S. Thus you are going to need aggressive, take-charge sales representatives. At Magic Kitchen, during my five years there, we expanded our U.S. market share by 25%. This is just one example of my ability to go out there and sell products.A position with your company would be both a learning experience and a great opportunity. I look forward to becoming part of the Action team. Thank you.中文翻译早安。

英语专业四级考试模拟题8PART II CLOZEDecide which of the choices given below would correctly complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Select the correct choice for each blank.Proclamation of 1763 was declared by the British crown at the end of the French and Indian War in North America, mainly intended to (26)_____ the Indians by checking the encroachment of white settlers on their lands. After Indian (27)_____ had resulted in the start of Pontiacs War (1763-64), British authorities determined to (28)_____ inter colonial rivalries and abuses by dealing with Indian problems (29)_____. To this end, the (30)_____ organized new British territories in America —— the provinces of Quebec, East and West Florida, and Grenada (in the Windward Islands) ——and a vast British-administered Indian reservation west of the Appalachians, from south of Hudson Bay to north of the Florida. It forbade all white settlement (31)_____ Indian territory, ordered those settlers already there to withdraw, and strictly limited future settlement. For the first time in the history of European colonization in the New World, the proclamation (32)_____ the concept of Indian land titles, prohibiting (33)_____ of patents to any lands claimed by a tribe (34)_____ the Indian title had first been (35)_____ by purchase or treaty. Although (36)_____ to alter western boundaries, the proclamation was nevertheless offensive to the colonies as (37)_____ interference in their affairs. Treaties following Pontiacs War drew a more acceptable line of settlement, and the balance of territory north of the Ohio River was added to Quebec in 1774. The proclamation, however, failed to (38)_____ the westward movement of pioneers, (39)_____ disregard of its provisions (40)_____ decades of continued Indian warfare throughout the area.26. A) facilitate B) dilapidate C) conciliate D) distillate27. A) grimaces B) grievances C) grime D) groans28. A) reduce B) deduce C) overthrow D) subdue29. A) as a rule B) as a token C) as a whole D) as a judge30. A) procession B) proclamation C) procedure D) probation31. A) on B) in C) at D) for32. A) fortified B) formalized C) formulized D) formulated33. A) issuance B) assurance C) innocence D) insurance34. A) lest B) if C) unless D) provided35. A) distinguished B) extinguished C) distinguishing D) extinguishing36. A) not intending B) not intended C) not extending D) not extended37. A) done B) undone C) due D) undue38. A) stem B) branch C) shoot D) bough39. A) its B) which C) whose D) who40. A) revoked B) evoked C) revolved D) evolvedPART III GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARYThere are twenty-five sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that correctly completes the sentence.41. When they heard the _____ for help that rang through the building, the firemen rushedA) emergencyB) fightC) noiseD) appeals42. The viewers of the poet's most recent book _____ his reputation.A) enlargedB) enrichedC) enhancedD) encouraged43. Do not _____ across a main road without first looking to the right and the left.A) advanceB) proceedC) marchD) progress44. The aero plane _____ soon after taking off.A) crushedB) clashedC) smashedD) crashed45. The study also showed that, _____ to what many people believe, if you skip breakfast, you will not lose weight.A) contraryB) identicalC) equivalentD) hostile46. Large companies are _____ smaller firms by buying their shares.A) taking offB) taking upC) taking overD) taking on47. With a school record like yours, I'm puzzled why you didn't _____ a university scholarship.A) take forB) care forC) stand forD) try for48. The old family _____ in China has undergone some changes since liberation.A) patternB) formC) shapeD) construction49. They are always _____ good terms with all of their neighbors for the sake of their children.B) inC) forD) on50. He got thoroughly wet and, _____, he caught a bad cold.A) in consequenceB) in natureC) in generalD) in sequence51. Because of advances in science and technology in recent years, Americans are enjoying _____ time.A) measureB) pleasureC) treasureD) leisure52. The Open College is based on a new _____ on education which emphasizes the use of modern air media to get messages across.A) possessionB) perspectiveC) predictionD) proportion53. Jim's close _____ to his brother made people mistake them for one another.A) imageB) figureC) appearanceD) resemblance54. He hasn't any money so I _____ him some.A) will be lendingB) will have lentC) would lendD) am going to lend55. There's a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means _____ trouble.A) makingB) to makeC) to have madeD) having closed56. _____, a man who expresses himself effectively is sure to succeed more rapidly than a man whose command of language is poor.A) Other things being equalB) To be equal to other thingsC) Were other things equalD) Other things to be equal57. _____ the best boxer of his time, Sugar Ray Robinson lost only 3 out of 137 fights.A) Having judged asB) Being judgedC) Judging to beD) Judged to be58. He _____ the little girl, but he did.A) ought not to have beatenB) ought to not have beatenC) ought to have not beatenD) ought to have beaten59. He _____ so sleepy if they _____ for a whole day.A) wouldn't feel, did not workB) wouldn't feel, were not workingC) wouldn't be feeling, were not workingD) wouldn't be feeling, hadn't been working60. Before I came downstairs I had prepared myself very carefully for _____.A) how I must sayB) what I must sayC) whom I must sayD) whether I must say61. We hope the measures to control prices, _____ taken by the government, will succeed.A) whenB) asC) sinceD) after62. _____ the English examination I would have gone to the concert last Sunday.A) In spite ofB) But forC) Because ofD) As for63. Sometimes an Englishman is _____ enthusiastic, emotional, excited, etc. than any other nationality, but tends to display his feelings far less.A) not muchB) no moreC) no lessD) much less64. Never in my life _____ the impression made on me by my first visit to the late premier Chou.A) I could forgetB) I shall forgetC) did I forgetD) shall I forget65. Would you read my letter and correct the mistake, if _____?A) someB) anyC) everD) neverPART IV READING COMPREHENSIONIn this section there are five passages followed by fifteen questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answer marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the correct answer.TEXT A I first became aware of the unemployment problem in 1928. At that time I had just come back from Burma, where unemployment was only a word, and I had gone to Burma when I was still a boy and the post-war boom was not quite over. When I first saw unemployed men at close quarters, the thing that horrified and amazed me was to find that many of them were ashamed of being unemployed. I was very ignorant, but not so ignorant as to imagine that when the loss of foreign markets pushes two million men out of work, those two million are any more to blame than the people who draw blanks in the Calcutta Sweep. But at that time nobody cared to admit that unemployment was inevitable, because this meant admitting that it would probably continue. The middle classes were still talking about "lazy idle loafers on the dole" and saying that "these men could all find work if they wanted to", and naturally these opinions spread among the working class themselves. I remember the shock of astonishment it gave me, when I first mingled with tramps and beggars, to find that a fair proportion, perhaps a quarter, of these beings whom I had been taught to regard as cynical parasites, were decent young miners and cotton workers gazing at their destiny with the same sort of dumb amazement as an animal in a trap. They simply could not understand what was happening to them. They had been brought up to work, and behold! It seemed as if they were never going to have the chance of working again. In their circumstances it was inevitable, at first, that they should be haunted by a feeling of personal degradation. That was the attitude towards unemployment in those days: it was a disaster which happened to you as an individual and for which you were to blame.66. Why did many of the unemployed feel ashamed of their condition?A) They imagined they were to blame for being out of work.B) They had to live on the unemployment benefits.C) They should have been working instead of doing nothing.D) They had to admit that unemployment would probably continue.67. The passage suggests that about a quarter of the tramps and beggars the author met were _____.A) cynical parasitesB) like animals in a trapC) once good at miningD) young people68. According to the passage, the author's attitude to unemployment is that _____.A) the individuals were to blameB) the loss of overseas trade was to blameC) the unemployed cannot understand whyD) it was not the individual's faultTEXT B In 1983, when oil prices were still high in my area, I installed a ground-source heat pump in my brand-new, well insulated 1,600-square-foot house. It cost several thousand dollars more than comparable systems that use oil, gas, or wood, but I figured Id recover my higher initialexpense in a few years through lower energy bills. True, my heat pump runs on electricity —— an expensive commodity where I live. But most of its energy comes from the earth: a propylene-glycol solution circulates through 1,200 feet of two-inch-diameter plastic pipe buried three feet deep in a field next to my house. As it travels, the solution absorbs heat from the surrounding soil, even when soil temperature drops below freezing. My ground-source heat pump also offers important benefits that have nothing to do with economics. • Minimal f ire hazard ——no chimney, firebox, or heating elements ——only pumps, fans, and a compressor. • Cleanliness ——no combustion products, thus no chance of my heating system polluting the indoor air, leaving scummy deposits on walls and furniture. • Reliabili ty —— solid-state electronic controls and sealed bearings almost eliminate breakdowns. • No maintenance —— no wood to cut, ashes to haul, or chimney to clean. • Convenience —— The system runs automatically, even switching from heating to air conditioning as needed. I can simply lock the door and go away for a day, week, or month. Not only did I expect to start saving on energy costs immediately, but I also expected those savings to grow over the years as oil prices continued to soar. Since I was wrong about oil prices, the big dollar savings Id hoped for havent materialized. Nevertheless, I am satisfied, all things considered.69. The passage suggests that the author's heat-pump system absorbs heat from _____.A) soil in a nearby fieldB) sun panels at ground levelC) a pipe buried next to the wallsD) a tank of propylene-glycol70. According to the passage, the author's heat pump requires _____.A) no maintenanceB) very little maintenanceC) only a yearly check of controlsD) no more maintenance than an oil burner71. Once benefit the author mentions is that the system _____.A) uses no electricityB) has a fire-safety shutoffC) does not pollute the air in the houseD) requires less insulation in house walls72. The best title for the passage is _____.A) Preparing the Ground for a Pump SystemB) Pros and Cons of the Ground-Source Heat PumpC) How to Know Whether an Oil Burner is Right for Your HomeD) The Ground-Source Heat Pump: It Works for Me!TEXT C Because Ireland is an island geographically near the mainland of the United Kingdom, English rulers have fought since the Middle Ages to retain political control over it. Attracted by the lush farmland, English and Scottish landowners settled there, and in time of famine or political unrest, the local workers suffered, while their landlords were cushioned by their wealth. The history of modern Ireland is, in fact, largely a story of antagonism and resentment between the Irish and their English and Scottish rulers. Since the 1920s, Ireland has been divided into two parts: Northern Ireland (Ulster) and the Republic of Ireland (Eire). The north is still part of the United Kingdom and is predominantly Protestant; the south is anindependent republic and is mainly Catholic. The majority in Ulster accepted this political compromise, but the active and mainly Catholic minority are fighting for union with the independent republic of Southern Ireland. The IRA, the Irish Republican Army, have mounted bombing campaigns on military and civil targets in Ulster and England, they have sent letter-bombs to public figures, they have shot fellow Irishmen who support the British or belong to opposing, and now equally militant Protestant groups. As a result of this, the British have stationed an army in Belfast, the IRA have been outlawed, and several of them have spent many years in prison or have died in support of their cause. Whether this level of violence and repression is justifiable, and whether the violence that could result from political change would be worthwhile are the controversial issues that divide everybody involved.73. Which of the following is true about bomb attacks?A) They occur only in England.B) They occur only in military buildingsC) They occur in England and Northern Ireland.D) They occur when public figures talk about Ireland.74. According to the passage, the author's attitude towards the Irish is _____.A) militantB) intolerantC) sympatheticD) aggressive75. From the passage, we understand that the text is _____.A) literaryB) academicC) descriptiveD) informationalTEXT D Milan magistrates have ordered Alfa Romeo, the car manufactures, to reinstate 134 workers who are among 5,700 temporarily laid off under an agreement with the unions last March. In two separate cases, groups of 37 and of 97 appealed to magistrates against their suspension on the grounds that they had been discriminated against, because of their health or political views. The magistrate said the company evidently wished to eliminate from the productive cycle those who fell short, either for personal or political reasons. The findings have been criticized however by the company, and the unions. The company said it would lead to grave operational and management difficulties for a firm which was still suffering losses. problems such as this, the company said, risk throwing into crisis the whole system of industrial relations.76. What was the company's alleged motivation for taking the action they did?A) To get rid of workers who had not been trained.B) To get rid of workers who had organized a strike.C) To get rid of workers who did not observe the rules.D) To get rid of workers who did not come up to standard.77. According to the company, the magistrate's decision would lead to _____.A) personal problemsB) operational hardshipsC) commercial failureD) a management strikeTEXT E From a world of silence, deaf percussionist Evelyn Glennie brought some of the worlds most beautiful music to the church of St. Paul and St. Peter the Great at Chichester on Monday evening. This attractive young Scottish lass has proved that what many would consider a disability was no handicap at all as she hypnotized her audience with a talented performance at this Chichester Festivities concert. She demonstrated her art with pieces on the xylophone, the marimba, the snare drum, and the timpani. With accompaniment from pianist Robert Howle, this evening with Evelyn Glennie was one of those little gems the festival seems to pull out to surprise and delight us each year. Displaying an easy and relaxed attitude and a keen sense of humor ——with many jokes directed against herself ("this is the part I find most difficult." she told us as she tuned the timpani) —— Evelyn played some haunting works specially written for xylophone, such as her own inspiring "A Little Prayer" and the lilting Scottish tune "Tween Heaven and Sea". She also "stole" items from the repertoire of other instruments ——the exciting "Czarda" more usually heard on violin, "Dreaming" by Schumann, "Maple Leaf Rag" by Joplin, and Chopins "Black Key Study", all works written for the piano but given an extra dimension on the xylophone. The audience was foxed completely as they tried to clap along to snare drum demonstration, a "mummy and daddy open roll", and there was no falling asleep during the dramatic sonata for Timpani by Beck —— as Evelyn said herself "It may not be everyones cup of tea, but it isnt very often that you see a solo timpanist, and a female one at that!" Evelyn Glennie may not have been able to hear the applause, but she must surely have seen the warm smiles and happy faces of an audience to which she endeared herself with a charming personality and uncanny instrumental ability.78. Which of the following is NOT one of Evelyn Glennie's physical characteristics?A) She's unable to hear.B) She's young.C) She's short.D) She's charming.79. Apart from Evelyn Glennie's musical ability, what does the critic say about her personality?A) Helpful.B) Generous.C) Honest.D) Pleasing.80. According to the passage, the critic thinks the concert was _____.A) enjoyableB) boringC) monotonousD) disastrousSECTION B SKIMMING AND SCANNINGIn this section there are six passages with a total of ten multiple-choice questions. Skim or scan them as required and then select your answers to the questions.TEXT F 3First read the following questions. 81. One of the Adelphis advantages is that _____. A. it caters to adults B. its classes are small C. its programs are needed today D. it has been geared to the big city 82. One of the values of a traditional non-urban university is _____. A. big classes to get to know more students B. staff trained to think highly of the individual C. a relaxingeducational environment D. students allowed to have part-time jobs Now read Text F quickly and select your answers. An out-of-town college thrives in town At most big city universities the pace, the attitude and the life-style are geared to city life. But there is a university in Manhattan that has its roots outside the city —— Adelphi. When we opened Adelphi University at Manhattan, we brought with us all the values of a traditional non-urban university. Such as classes small enough for you to get to know your professors. An educational environment designed to separate you from the daily rigors of life. And a staff of counselors and administrators schooled in the importance of the individual. Yet, with all our emphasis on traditional values, it has always been our tradition to offer programs which reflect the needs of today. So youll find weve pioneered in educational for adults with programs for teachers, social workers, business majors, childcare workers and others. If youre looking for our kind of tradition, you can find it without leaving the city—— Adelphi at Manhattan thriving on 28th Street. Adelphi University is committed to extending equal educational opportunity to all those who qualify academically.81. One of the Adelphi's advantages is that _____.A) it caters to adultsB) its classes are smallC) its programs are needed todayD) it has been geared to the big city82. One of the values of a traditional non-urban university is _____.A) big classes to get to know more studentsB) staff trained to think highly of the individualC) a relaxing educational environmentD) students allowed to have part-time jobsTEXT G First read the following questions. 83. The main idea of this passage is that _____.A. the Gettysburg Address has always been regarded as a masterpieceB. at the time of its delivery the Gettysburg Address was truly appreciatedC. it was not until after 1863 that Lincolns speech was recorded in historyD. Lincolns speech is better recognized today than it was during his presidency 84. When did Lincolns Gettysburg Address begin to receive public acclaim? A. After it had been published. B. Immediately after the speech. C. Not until the present day. D. After he received growing recognition. Now read Text G quickly and select your answers. Lincolns now famous Gettysburg Address was not, on the occasion of its delivery, recognized as the masterpiece as it is today. Lincoln was not even the primary speaker at the ceremonies, held at the height of the Civil War in 1863, to dedicate the battlefield at Gettysburg. The main speaker was orator Edward Everest, whose two-hour speech was followed by Lincolns shorter remarks. Lincoln began his small portion of the program with the words that today are immediately recognized by most Americans: "Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent a new nation, conceived in liberty and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal." At the time of the speech, little notice was given to what Lincoln had said, and Lincoln considered his appearance at the ceremonies rather unsuccessful. After his speech appeared in print, appreciation for his words began to grow, and today it is recognized as one of the all-time greatest speeches.83. The main idea of this passage is that _____.A) the Gettysburg Address has always been regarded as a masterpieceB) at the time of its delivery the Gettysburg Address was truly appreciatedC) it was not until after 1863 that Lincoln's speech was recorded in historyD) Lincoln's speech is better recognized today than it was during his presidency84. When did Lincoln's Gettysburg Address begin to receive public acclaim?A) After it had been published.B) Immediately after the speech.C) Not until the present day.D) After he received growing recognition.TEXT H First read the following questions. 85. The new Cambridge Business English Certificate can _____. A. serve as a passport to Britain B. pave the way for success in future work C. help visa applications D. guarantee enrollment in Cambridge University 86. Those who are interested in this training class can register _____. A. at the British Council B. at the Shanghai University of Business and Economics C. with a Beijing university D. at the China Daily, Shanghai Branch Now read Text H quickly and select your answers. Cambridge Business English Certificate Course Success in this new Cambridge Business English Certificate (BEC) is your passport to a successful career in business. This special two-month training course consists of a series of 6-hour Sunday seminars from March 12 —— April 24 OR 3-hour evening seminars on Monday, Wednesday and Friday from March 21 to April 29. Our strategy for success includes: • Small Classes, grouped by ability; • Experienced, professional teachers; • Detailed instruction in business E nglish and test strategies; • Practice exams under actual test conditions Co-sponsored by China Daily and University of International Business and Economics (UIBE) Registration starts soon Date: March 1 to 10; Fees: 350 yuan; Location: University of International Business and Economics (Huixin Dongjie, Chaoyang District) Tel: 4222172,4225522-310985. The new Cambridge Business English Certificate can _____.A) serve as a passport to BritainB) pave the way for success in future workC) help visa applicationsD) guarantee enrollment in Cambridge University86. Those who are interested in this training class can register _____.A) at the British CouncilB) at the Shanghai University of Business and EconomicsC) with a Beijing universityD) at the China Daily, Shanghai BranchTEXT I First read the following questions. 87. Online banking eliminates the need for which of the following? A. Having separate checking and savings accounts. B. Keeping your accounts balanced. C. Going to the bank to do business. D. Having to pay your bills on time. 88. Online banking provides all of the following advantages EXCEPT _____. A. 24-hour access to your accounts B. personal contact with your banker C. the opportunity to pay bill electronically D. the chance to do your banking from almost any location Now read Text I quickly and select your answers. First Bank & Trust: Making Life a Little Easier Every Day How would you like to have the freedom to do your banking without running to the bank? Look no further than your computer! Because now you can take care of all your banking whenever and wherever its convenient. With free Online Banking you have the power to take greater control over your finances. Imagine viewing your account balances any time you want. And transferring money between accounts at your convenience. Virtually all your other banking activities can be handled online too. You can: • Download your account information into your personal finance software • Open additionalaccou nts • Record checks • E-mail your customer service requests and questions to us Youll save time with Online Banking. To save even more, choose our Bill Pay service. With our Bill Pay, you can forget about checks, stamps, and envelopes. Pay anyone you would normally pay by check with just a few keystrokes. You can even set up recurring payments such as your mortgage, rent, or car loan, so you dont have to bother with them every month. Sign up today! Just visit our Web site at .87. Online banking eliminates the need for which of the following?A) Having separate checking and savings accounts.B) Keeping your accounts balanced.C) Going to the bank to do business.D) Having to pay your bills on time.88. Online banking provides all of the following advantages EXCEPT _____.A) 24-hour access to your accountsB) personal contact with your bankerC) the opportunity to pay bill electronicallyD) the chance to do your banking from almost any locationTEXT J First read the following questions. 89. Which runner beat David Murphys time by 4 seconds? A. Ryszard zmarczak. B. Dan Schlesinger. C. Rodolfo Gomez. D. Tom Raunig. 90. The first-place man beat the first-place woman by _____. A. 36 minutes, 43 seconds. B. 18 minutes. C.16 minutes, 15 seconds. D. 17 minutes, 45 seconds. Now read Text J quickly and select your answers. New York Marathon Results, 2000 MEN 1. Alberto Salazar, OR 2:09:29 2. Rodolfo Gomez, Mex. 2:09:33 3. Dan Schlesinger, NC 2:11:54 4. Ryszard Marczak, Pol. 2:12:44 5. David Murphy, Gr. Brit. 2:12:48 6. Tom Raunig, MT 2:13:22 7. George Malley, MA 2:13:29 8. Jose Gomez, Mex. 2:13:43 9. Martti Kiilholma, Fin. 2:13:51 10. Dean Matthews, GA 2:14:00 WOMEN 1. Grete Waitz, Nor. 2:27:14 2. Julie Brown, CA 2:28:33 3. Charlotte Teske, W. Ger. 2:31:53 4. Laura Fogli, Italy 2:33:01 5. Ingrid Kristiansen, Nor. 2:33:36 6. Julie Isphording, OH 2:34:24 7. Laurie Binder, CA 2:35:18 8. N, Gumerova, USSR 2:35:37 9. Carla Beurskens, Hol. 2:35:37 10. Nancy Ditz, CA 2:38:0889. Which runner beat David Murphy's time by 4 seconds?A) Ryszard zmarczak.B) Dan Schlesinger.C) Rodolfo Gomez.D) Tom Raunig.90. The first-place man beat the first-place woman by _____.A) 36 minutes, 43 seconds.B) 18 minutes.C) 16 minutes, 15 seconds.D) 17 minutes, 45 seconds.PART V DICTATIONListen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be read at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be read at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to。

考研英语模拟试题及答案（4）模拟试题[4]Simulated Test[PREVIOUS][NEXT]Part I Structure and VocabularySection ADirections： Beneath each of the following sentences,there are 4 choices marked A,B,C and D)Choose the one that best completes the sentence.Mark your anawer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets.(5 point)1.I′d prefer that she _____ .A)acted the teacherB)would act the teacherC)act the teacherD)was acting the teacher2.I will take the coat, _____ cheap or dear.A)it beingB)be itC)was itD)it was3.She told me that she′d _____ on the committee.A)rather not to serveB)not rather to serveC)not rather serveD)rather not serve4.I wish that I _____ this letter before the office closed for the day.A)receivedB)receiveC)could have receivedD)should have received5.The foreign student advisor recommended that she _____ more English before Enrolling atthe university.A)studiedB)studyC)would studyD)was studying6.We′d decided to open a joint account, _____ ?A)wouldn′weB)shouldn′t weC)couldn′t weD)hadn′t we7._____ called did not leave his name and number.A)SomeoneB)AnyoneC)WhoeverD)Whosever8.It was not until she arrived in class _____ realized she had forgotten her book.A)and sheB)sheC)when sheD)that she9.Ben would have studied medicine if he _____ to a medical school.A)could be able to enterB)was admittedC)had been admittedD)were admitted10.Fire safety in family houses, _____ most fire deaths occur,is difficult to achieve.A)whereB)whyC)howD)whenSection BDirections: Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked A,B,C,and D)ldentify the part of the sentence that is incorrect and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets.(5 points)11.Sally must have called (A) her sister last night, but she arrived (B) home too late (C)to call her. (D)12.I would rather that (A) they do not travel (B) during the bad (C) weather,but they insistthat they must return (D) home today.13.The question arises (A) whether or no (B) his statement will bear (C) such construction.(D)14.The principle of radiocarbon dated (A) is the most important scientific technique to beapplied (B) to (C) archaeological work in recent times. (D)15.One of (A) the most widespread uses (B) of survey research today is for them (C) rating(D) radio and television programs.16.Magnesium forms (A) a tough surface coating (B) it (C)protects the underlying (D) metalfrom tarnishing.17.The (A) results of the test proved to (B) Fred and me (C) that we needed to study harderand watch less (D) movies on television18.He determined, (A) what may come, (B) to return (C) the visit he had just received. (D)/doc/cf1607239.html,st winter not a day (A) passed (B) for (C) that it snowed or sleeted. (D)20.He has been hoped (A) for a raise for the last (B) few months but his boss is reluctantto give (C) him one. (D)Section CDirections:Beneath each of the following sentences,there are 4 choices marked A,B,C and D)Choose the one that best completes the sentence.Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets.(10 points)21.The book was lost for years,then it turned up one day,quite out of _____ .A)the blueB)the redC)the blackD)the yellow22._____ the interruption,she was still able to finish her assignment before class.A)DespiteB)SpiteC)In spiteD)In despite23.The man was very conscious _____ his bold head.A)aboutB)withC)ofD)for24.He was so engrossed in the TV programme that he forgot to _____ .A)turn the oven overB)turn the oven backC)turn the oven offD)turn the oven up25.No matter how angry he was he would never _____ to violence.A)resortC)recourseD)exert26.The accusation left him quite _____ with rage.A)dumbB)speechlessC)silentD)mute27.I liked the coat but was rather _____ off by the price.A)shakenB)putC)setD)held28.The ruling party is worried in case they lose _____ control of the City Council in theforthcoming elections.A)overallC)unanimousD)mass29.In those days a girl could not get married if her father _____ his consent.A)forbadeB)upheldC)rejectedD)withheld30.They were awaiting official _____ of the news they had heard from a friend.A)recommendationB)statementC)confirmationD)conference31.I′d like to _____ this old car for a new model but I can′t afford it.A)interchangeB)exchangeC)replaceD)convert32.When he woke up,he realized that the things he had dreamt about could not _____ havehappened.A)possiblyB)likelyD)potentially33.There is a lot of friendly _____ between the supporters of the two teams.A)contestC)contentionD)defiance34.The purpose of the survey was to _____ the inspectors with local conditions.A)informB)acquaintC)instructD)notify35._____ all h is money,he didn′t seem happy.A)AtB)ForC)InD)On36.We are fed up _____ your perpetual moaning.A)ofB)byC)withD)at37.She′s rung _____ . I must have said something to upset her.A)upB)roundC)backD)off38.Of course I′ll play the piano at the party but I′m a little _____ .A)out of useB)out of reachC)out of turnD)out of practice39.A conceited man feels _____ to everyone else.A)superiorB)beneficialC)successfulD)advantageous40.The vocabulary of any technical discussion may include words which are never used outsidethe subject or field _____ .A)in viewB)in questionC)in caseD)in effectPart Ⅱ Cloze TestDirections:For each numbered blank in the following passage,there are four choices marked A,B,C and D)Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets.(10 points) For many years,women were overlooked in the development process.Often, planners did not fully understand or (41) women′s roles in the many and varied cultures of the developing countries.Thus women-half of the people (42) —did not receive a fair share of the benefits of development efforts, (43) were they able to contribute fully to them. As a result,development has not been as successful as it could have been and we have (44) many opportunities for breakthroughs in key areas.We have,however,learned some lessons from a generation of experience with development cooperation. (45) our knowledge of women′s needs and contributions has grown, so has our ability to (46) them as agents and beneficiaries of development.Over the past few years,the Canadian InternationalDevelopment Agency (CIDA)has pioneered the integration of women (47) development programs,making it a matter of top priority.The role of women is now a major (48) in the planning and approval of Canada′s new development initiatives,and existing projects are being“retrofitted” (49) possible to take women′s needs and cont ributions into account.CIDA′s policy calls (50) the consideration of the role of and impact on woman in all projects.However,there is a need for specical measures, and some projects have been designed specifically to focus on women′s special needs and capa cities..41.A)appreciate B)appoint C)apply D)acquaint42.A)revolved B)devolved C)involved D)convolved43.A)not B)nor C)no D)never44.A)left B)passed C)missed D)possessed45.A)When B)Where C)How D)As46.A)include B)comprise C)contain D)cover47.A)to B)on C)out D)into48.A)factor B)matter C)section D)particle49.A)there B)here C)where D)hence50.A)on B)forth C)for D)inPart Ⅲ Reading ComprehensionDirections: Each of the passages below is followed by some questions.For each question there are four answers A,B,C and D)Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions.Then mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets.(40 points)Passage 1Earthquakes may rightly be ranked as one of the most devastating forces known to man:since records began to bewritten down,it has been estimated that earthquake-related fatalities havenumbered in the millions,and that earthquake-related destruction has been beyond calculation.The greater part of such damage and loss of life has been due to collapse of buildings and the effects of rockslides, floods,fire,disease,tsunamis(gigantic sea waves),and other phenomena resulting from earthquakes,rather than from the quakes themselves.The great majority of all earthquakes occur in two specific geographic areas.One such area encompasses the Pacific Ocean and its contiguous land masses.The other extends from the East Indies to the Atlas Mountains,including the Himalayas,Iran,Turkey,and the Alpine regions.It is in these two great belts or zones that ninety percent of all earthquakes take place;they may,however,happen anywhere at any time.This element of the unknown has for centuries added greatly to the dread and horror surrounding earthquakes, but in recent times there have been indications that earthquake predication may be possible.By analyzing changes in animal behavior,patterns of movements in the earth′s crust,variations in the force of gravity and the e arth′s magnetic field,and the frequency with which minor earth tremors(震动) are observed,scientists have shown increasing success in anticipating when and where earthquakes will strike.As a result,a worldwide earthquake warning network is already in operation and has helped to prepare for (and thus lessen)the vast destruction that might otherwise have been totally unexpected.It is doubtful that man will ever be able to control earthquakes and eliminate their destructiveness altogether,but as how and why earthquakes happen become betterunderstood,man will become more and more able to deal with their potential devastation before it occurs.51.Based on what you have just read,which of the following is true?A)Earthquakes are highly feared,but actually relatively harmless.B)There is absolutely no way to predict when or where earthquakes might occur.C)Man is now able to predict when earthquakes will happen,but not where.D)Man is now able to predict where earthquakes will happen,but not when.52.What is the probable meaning of contiguous(line 9)?A)underwaterB)ancientC)borderingD)huge53.To what does this element of the unknown(line 13)refer?A)the two great earthquake zonesB)the fact the earthquakes can happen at any time or placeC)the percentage of earthquakesD)the exact cause of earthquakes54.Which of the following have been used to anticipate earthquake activity?A)differences in the earth′s magnetic field and force of gravityB)how often minor earth tremors have been observedC)patterns in the move ment of the earth′s crustD)all of the above55.Which of the following describes the author′s attitudetoward the possibility ofearthquake prediction?A)It will never be possible to predict earthquakes.B)Earthquakes can already be predicted with great accuracy.C)There is really no need to try to predict earthquake occurrences.D)Earthquake prediction is becoming more and more possible.Passage 2Drunken driving——s ometimes called America′s socially accepted form of murder——has become a national epidemic.Every hour of every day about three Americans on average are killed by drunken drivers,adding up to an incredible 250 000 over the past decade.A drunken driver is usually defined as one with a 0.10 blood alcohol content or roughly three beers,glasses of wine or shots of whisky drunk within two hours.Heavy drinking used to be an acceptable part of the American macho image and judges were lenient(宽容的) in most courts,but the drunken slaughter has recently caused so many well-publicised tragedies,especially involving young children,that public opinion is no longer so tolerant.Twenty states have raised the legal drinking age to 21,reversing a trend in the 1960s to reduce it to 18.After New Jersey lowered it to 18,the number of people killed by 18—20-year-old drivers more than doubled,so the state recently upped it back to 21.Reformers,however,fear raising the drinking age will have little effect unless accompanied by educational programmes to help young people to develop“responsible attitudes”aboutdrinking and teach them to resist peer pressure to drink.Tough new laws have led to increased arrests and tests and in many areas already,to a marked decline in fatalities.Some states are also penalizing bars for serving customers too many drinks.A tavern in Massachusetts was fined for serving six or more double brandies to a customer who was “obviously intoxicated”and later drove off the road,killing a nine-year-old boy.As the fatalities continue to occur daily in every state,some Americans are even beginning to speak well of the 13 years national prohibition of alcohol that began in 1919,which President Hoover called the “noble experiment”.They forget that legal prohibition didn′t stop drinking,but encouraged political corruption and organised crime.As with the booming drug trade generally,there is no easy solution.56.Drunken driving has become a major problem in America because _____ .A)most Americans are heavy drinkersB)Americans are now less shocked by road accidentsC)accidents attract so much publicityD)drinking is a socially accepted habit in America57.Why has public opinion regarding drunken driving changed?A)Detailed statistics are now available.B)The news media have highlighted the problem.C)Judges are giving more severe sentences.D)Drivers are more conscious of their image.58.Statistics issued in New Jersey suggested that _____ .A)many drivers were not of legal ageB)young drivers were often bad driversC)the level of drinking increased in the 1960sD)the legal drinking age should be raised/doc/cf1607239.html,ws recently introduced in some states have _____ .A)reduced the number of convictionsB)resulted in fewer serious accidentsC)prevented bars from serving drunken customersD)specified the amount drivers can drink60.Why is the problem of drinking and driving difficult to solve?A)Alcohol is easily obtained.B)Drinking is linked to organised crime.C)legal prohibition has already failed.D)Legislation alone is not sufficient.Passage 3Let us set out from a fact.The same type of civilization,or to use a more exact,although more extended expression,the same society,has not always inhabited the earth.The human race as a whole has grown,has developed,has matured,like one of ourselves.It was once a child,it was once a man;we are now looking on at its impressive old age.Before the epoch which modern society has dubbed“ancient”there was another epoch which the ancients called“fabulous”but which it would be more accura te to call “primitive.”Observe then three great successive orders of things in civilization, from its origin down to our days.Now,as poetry is always superposed upon society,we propose to try to demonstrate,from the form of its society,what the character of the poetry must have been in those three great ages of the world primitive times,ancient times,modern times. In primitive times,When man awakes in a world that is newlycreated,poetry awakes with him.In the face of the marvelous things that dazzle him,his first speech is a hymn simply.He is still,so close to God that all his thoughts are joyful,all his dreams are visions.The earth is still almost deserted.There are families,but no nations;patriarchs,but no kings.Each race exists at its own pleasure;no property,no laws,no contentions,no wars.Everything belongs to each and to all.Society is a community.Man is restrained in nought.He leads that nomadic pastoral life with which all civilizations begin,and which is so well adapted to solitary contemplation,to fanciful reverie(幻想).He follows every suggestion,he goes hither and thither, at random.His thought,like his life,resembles a cloud that changes its shape and its direction according to the wind that drives it.Such is the first man,such is the first poet.He is young;he is cynical.Prayer is his sole religion,the ode is his only form of poetry.This ode,this poem of primitive times,is Genesis.By slow degrees,however,this youth of the world passes away.All the spheres progress;the family becomes a tribe,the tribe becomes a nation.Each of these groups of men camps about a common center,and kingdoms appear.The social instinct succeeds the nomadic instinct.The camp gives place to the city,the tent to the palace,the ark to the temple.The chiefs of these states of earlydevelopment are still shepherds,it is true,but shepherds of nations;the pastoral staff has already assumed the shape of a sceptre(君权).Everything tends to become stationary and fixed. Religion takes on a definite shape;prayer is governed by rites;dogma sets bounds to worship.Thus the priest and king share the paternity of the people:thus theocratic society succeeds the patriarchal community.Meanwhile the nations are beginning to be packed too closely on the earth′s surface.They annoy and jostle one another;hence the clash of empires-war.They overflow upon another;hence the migrations of nations-voyages.Poetry reflects these momentous events;from ideas it proceeds to things.It sings of ages,of nations,of empires…61.The author believes that the best historical age is _____ .A)primitiveB)ancientC)medievalD)modern62.In the above passage the primitive period is equated with the period called _____ .A)fabulousB)ancientC)medievalD)modern63.War,the author believes,results primarily from _____ .A)rule by kingsB)patriarchal jealousiesC)the existence of a theocratic stateD)large,closely packed populations64.The author draws an analogy between the growth of peoples into nationstates and the _____ .A)development of poetic verse formB)books of the Old TestamentC)great epochs in historyD)maturation of the human being from childhood to maturity65.Because of its unique character,a great interpreter of theperiods of history is .A)the national historianB)poetryC)the biblical prophetD)storytellingPassage 4Opinion polls are now beginning to show a reluctant consensus(舆论)that,whoever is to blame and whatever happens from now on,high unemployment is probably here to stay.This means we shall have to find ways of sharing the availabe employment more widely.But we need to go further.We nust ask some fundamental questions about the future ofwork.Should we continue to treat employment as the norm?Should we not rather encourage many other ways for selfrespecting people to work?Should we not create conditions in which many of us can work for ourselves,rather than for an employer?Should we not aim to revive the household and the neighbourhood,as well as the factory and the office,as centres of production and work?The industrial age has been the only per iod of human history in which most people′s work has taken the form of jo bs.The industrial age may now be coming to an end,and some of the changes in work patterns which it brought may have to be reversed.This seems a daunting thought.But,in fact,it could offer the prospect of a better future of work.Universal employment,as its history shows,has not meant economic freedom.Employment became widespread when the enclosures of the 17th and 18th centuries made many people dependent on paid work by depriving them of the use of the land,and thus of themeans to provide a living for themselves.Then the factory system destroyed the cottage industries and removed work from people′s homes. Later,as transport improved,first by rail and then by road,people commuted longer distances to their places of employment until,eventually,many people′s work lost all connection with their home lives and the places in which they lived. Meanwhile,employment put women at a disadvantage.In preindustrial times,men and women had shared the productive work of the household and village community.Now it became customary for the husband to go out to paid employment,leaving the unpaid work of the home and familly to his wife.Tax and benefit regulations still assume this norm today,and restrict more flexible sharing of work roles between the sexes.It was not only women whose work status suffered.As employment became the dominant form of work,young people and old people were excluded—a problem now,as more teenagers become frustrated at school and more retired people want to live active lives.All this may now have to change.The time has certainly come to switch some effort and resources away from the utopian (空想的)goal of creating jobs for all,to the urgent practical task of helping many people to manage without full time jobs.66.Recent opinion polls show that _____ .A)available employment should be restricted to a small percentage of the populationB)new jobs must be created in order to rectify high unemployment figuresC)available employment must be more widely distributed among the unemployedD)the present high unemployment figures are a fact of life67.The word “revive” in the passage(para.2)probably means _____ .A)make active againB)study againC)go over agianD)find the value again68.The arrival of the industrial age in our historical evolution meant that _____ .A)universal employment virtually guaranteed prosperityB)economic freedom came within everyone′s graspC)patterns of work were fundamentally changedD)people′s attitudes to work had to be reversed69.The enclosures of the 17th and 18th centuries meant that _____ .A)people had to do the productive work at homeB)people were forced to look elsewhere for means of supporting themselvesC)people were able to be dependent on their landD)people were badly paid for the work they managed to find70.The effects of almost universal employment were overwhelming in that _____ .A)the work status of those not in paid employment sufferedB)the household and village communtiy disappeared completelyC)men now travelled enormous distances to their places of workD)young and old people became superfluous components of societyPart Ⅳ English-Chinese TranslationDirections: Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into Chinese.(15 points)(71) By a faction,I understand a number of citizens,whether amounting to a majority or minority of the whole,who are united and actuated by some common impulse of passion, or of interest,adverse to the rights of other citizens or to the permanent and aggregate interests of the community. There are two methods of curing the mischief of factions:the one,by removing its causes;the other,by controlling its effects.There are again two methods of removing the causes of faction:the one,by destroying the liberty which is essential to its existence;the other,by giving to every citizen the same opinions, the same passions,and the same interests.(72) It could never be more truly said than of the first remedy,that it was worse than the disease.(73) Liberty is to faction what air is to fire,an ailment without which it instantly expires.(74)But it could not be less folly to abolish liberty,which is essential to political life,because it nourishes faction,than it would be to wish the annihilation of air,which is essential to animal life,because it imparts to fire its destructive agency.The second expedient is as impracticable as the first would be unwise.As long as the reason of man continues fallible,and he is at liberty to exercise it,different opinions will be formed.As long as the connection subsists between his reason and his selflove,his opinions and his passions will have a reciprocal influence on each other;and the former will be objects to which the latter will attach themselves.The latent causes of faction are thus sown in the nature of man;and we see them everywhere brought into different degrees of activity,according to the different circumstances of civil society.If a faction consists of less than a majority,relief is supplied by the republican principle,which enables the majority to defeat its sinister views by regular vote….When a majority is included in a faction,the form of popular government,on the other hand,enables it to sacrifice to its ruling passion or interest both the public good and the rights of other citizens.(75) T o secure the public good and private rights,against the danger of such a faction,and at the same time to preserve the spirit and the form of popular government,is the great object to which our inquiries are directed…Part V WritingDirections:For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter applying for the job advertised below,stating your relevant qualifications and experience.Your composition should be no less than 150 words.S Currently theE Company hasC a vacancy forR a secretaryE male or female,to work five daysT per week,at our branch inA Tientsin.R Benefits include:Competitive salary,staffY discount,and profit sharing bonus aftera qualifying period.Apply to the Manager in writing,giving details of qualifications and experience.ROOTS THE CHEMIST LTD),18 Shansi Road,Roots Tientsin研究生入学考试模拟英语试题[4]Part I Structure and VocabularySection A(1-10)CBDCBDCDCASection B(11-20)11.正确答案为：A 改为:should have called12.正确答案为：B 改为:did not travel13.正确答案为：D 改为:sach a construction14.正确答案为：A 改为:dating15.正确答案为：C 改为:去掉them16.正确答案为：C 改为:which/that17.正确答案为：D 改为:fewer18.正确答案为：B 改为:come what may19.正确答案为：C 改为:except20.正确答案为：A 改为:has been hopingSection C(21-40)AACCABBADCBABBBCDDABPart II Cloze Test(41-50)ACBCDADACCPart III Reading Comprehension(51-70)BCBDDDBDBDAADDBDACBAPart IV English Chinese Translation71.我对宗派小集团的理解是，若干公民不管是多数还是少数，在一起受共同情感或利益的激励反对其他公民的权力或者反对其周围社会的共同利益。

工商管理专业学位外语考试模拟试题（1）2004.12一、语音题（每空1分，共10分）1、breach A. break B. theatre C. meadow D. least2、notice A. stomachs B. houses C. mouths D. reasonable3、opposite A. companion B. balloon C. stroll D. historic O:4、scatter A. laboratory B. separate C. gravity D. various5、twinkle A. windy B. drink C. footprint D. interesting6、shook A. shoot B. food C. shoe D. wood7、occasionally A. population B. Russian C. question D. television8、pressure A. directly B. oxygen C. absence D. camera9、float A. flower B. brown C. hometown D. bellows10、bulletin A. bury B. Prussian C. bullet D. punishment二、单选题（每空1.5分，共30分）11、You are lucky since you've never ____anything in your life.A. lostB. gotC. stolenD. found12、Would you please help me to ____up the present for the old gentleman?A. wrapB. tieC. coverD. send13、Since your supervisor has _____ the time for a talk, you must make sure that you will be there on time.A. predictedB. specifiedC. yieldedD. classified14、His _____ handwriting resulted from haste and carelessness rather than from the inability to form the letters correctly.A. unreadableB. beautifulC. carefulD. undecided15、My friend was full of _____ for the way in which I had so quickly learned to drive a car.A. prideB. surpriseC. admirationD. jealousy16、What time does my flight leave ____Tuesday?A. atB. inC. byD. on17、It has been a long time _____I saw you last time.A. sinceB. forC. beforeD. after18、What are you doing? I'm _____the bedroom for my wallet.A. lookingB. findingC. searchingD. searching for19、The little girl woke up screaming because she had had a_____.A. daydreamB. nightmareC. fantasyD. sweet dream20、The manager ___that the new employees go through professional training before they started working.A. persistedB. insistedC. resistedD. assisted21、She talked to him for a long time and ___him from doing that dangerous job.A. persuadedB. dissuadedC. overcameD. conquered22、The textile industry _____ greatly to the economy of Hong Kong.A. addsB. amountsC. contributesD. leads23、They decided to chase the cow away ______ it did more damage.A. unlessB. untilC. beforeD. what24、All _______ is a continuous supply of the basic necessities of life.A. what is neededB. for our needsC. the thing neededD. that is needed25、The manufacturers _____ carried out one of the Chairman's proposals, but they didn't.A. must haveB. couldn't haveC. ought to haveD. shouldn't have26、They are believed ____ in their experiment.A. to have already succeededB. to succeed alreadyC. to be succeededD. to be succeed27、You ought not to ____ him the news that day.A. tellB. be tellingC. have toldD. had told28、I know you're planning to travel this summer, but do you know_____?A. how much cost it will beB. how much has it costC. how much will it costD. how much it will cost29、Your little girl is becoming very rude. You _____scold her.A. mayB. canC. oughtD. ought to30、Please listen to me. It's inappropriate for you to persist in ___ this.A. to doB. doC. doingD. having done三、词形变换（每空1分，共5分）31、(explode) Did you hear the terrible __explosion____last night?32、(disappoint) To his great __disappointment___, Mrs. White won't be able to join us in the party this weekend.33、(promote) He looks happy today. I guess he has got a_promotion_____.34、(economic)I am a college student now. My major is__economics___.35、(add)They need_additional__ help to get the work done as planed.四、完形填空（每空1分，共20分）It was the night before the composition was due. As I looked at the list of topics (题目) , "The Art of Eating Spaghetti (意大利面条) " caught my eye. The word "spaghetti" brought back the 36 of an evening at Uncle Alien' s in Belleville 37 all of us were seated around the table and Aunt Pat 38 spaghetti for supper. Spaghetti was an exotic treat in 39 days. Never had I eaten spaghetti, and 40 of the grown-ups had enough experience to be 41 it. What laughing 42 we had about the 43 respectable method for moving spaghetti from plate to mouth. 44 , I wanted to write about that, but I wanted to 45 it down simply for my own 46 , not for Mr. Fleagle, my composition teacher. 47 , I would write something else.When I finished it the night was half gone and there was no 48 left to write a proper composition for Mr. Fleagle. There was no choice next morning but to 49 my work. Two days passed before Mr. Fleagle returned the 50 papers. He said, "Now, class, I want to read you a composition, "The Art of Eating Spaghetti'. "My words! He was reading my words out 51 to the whole class. 52 laughed, then the whole class was laughing with open-hearted enjoyment.I did my best not to show 53 , but what I was feeling was pure happiness, 54 my words had the power to make people 55 .36 A. memory B. thought C. knowledge D. experience37 A. when B. where C. since D. after38 A. cooked B. served C. got D. made39 A. their B. past C. last D. those40 A. none B. one C. earns D. neither41 A. careful about B. good at C. fond of D. interested in42 A. speeches B. lessons C. sayings D. arguments43 A. nearly B. naturally C. officially D. socially44 A. Especially B. Probably C. Suddenly D. Fortunately45 A. settle B. put C. bite D. let46 A. work B. story C. luck D. joy47 A. However B. Therefore C. As for him D. Except for that48 A. time B. excuse C. way D. idea49 A. give up B. continue C. hand in D. delay50 A. written B. graded C. collected D. calmly51 A. loud B. fast C. publicly D. calmly52 A. People B. Nobody C. Somebody D. I53 A. shock B. wonder C. worry D. pleasure54 A. if B. for C. while D. although55 A. excited B. satisfied C. think D. laugh五、阅读理解（每题1分，共20分）（一）Most great inventors in the capitalist society meet with much opposition to their inventions from the people who place their own interests before those of the people. Big monopolies try to buy inventions and turn them to their own profits. When they fail, they resort to other tricks. Inventors have to overcome thousands of difficulties put in their path before they can see their dreams realized.When George Stephenson was experimenting with the stream engine, there was much opposition from the Parliament, the newspaper, and landlords. They claimed that the noise and the smoke would kill cows, horses and sheep, that the engine would burst or that hot coals from it would set fire to their houses.So it was a very difficult matter for George Stephenson to persuade the people that trains could go on smooth rails, could pull carriages and wagons full of people and goods, and that there was no great danger of accidents.However, he was able to do it, and the first train driven by Stephenson himself showed that the newly invented steam engine was a complete success.56. The word "those" in the first sentence refers toA. inventorsB. inventionsC. interestsD. monopolies57.Why do big monopolies buy inventions?A. They want to make a further research.B. They want to improve them.C. They want to make more money.D. They want to play tricks with inventors.58.Which of the following is not the very reason for the opposition to Stephenson's experiment?A. It would make terrible noise.B. It would give off heavy smoke.C. It would waste coal.D. It would set fire to houses.59. The word "dream" in the first paragraph refers to _____A. inventors' interests in inventionsB. inventors' plans for inventionsC. the profits inventors would makeD. the difficulties in their inventions.60. What is the main idea of this paragraph?A. Stephenson invented the stream engine.B. Big monopolies opposed to inventions.C. Inventors' difficulties in their invention.D. Oppositions to Stephenson the inventor.（二）As a young girl, Elizabeth Barrett (Browning英国作家勃朗宁) ruptured a blood vessel on the lungs which did not heal. The physician consigned her to a milder climate for the winter and she went Devonshire for restoration. Among the members of her family who accompanied her to those healing shores was her eldest brother.For a whole year they lived side by side in affectionate companionship, she all the while being greatly benefited by mild sea breezes of Torquay.One summer morning her brother went board a small sailboat with two friends for a trip of several hours around the coast. Just as the vessel came in sight of the window where Miss Barrett sat watching, the boat struck a sunken reef; and all who were in it went down and perished in the sea, before assistant could be rendered. None of the bodies were ever found although the whole village, full of sympathy, assembled in search. This was the tragedy which utterly prostrated for some years afterwards the health and soul of Elizabeth Barrett. Somehow she felt that she herself had in some measure been the cause of all this horror, and she suffered accordingly. Her whole being seemed shattered, and a year longer elapsed before, she was able to be more to London. This fatal event, which so saddened her youth gave also a still deeper devotional feeling to hue ofsorrow so apparent in many of her earlier pieces.61.What sort of climate did Elizabeth's doctor prescribe?A. Temperate.B. Tropical.C. Humid.D. Arid.62.How many people were drowned when the boat sank?A. OneB. TwoC. ThreeD. The article doesn't indicate63. How did the tragedy affect Elizabeth?A. It affected her physically but not emotionally.B. It affected her emotionally but not physically.C. It did not affect her in any way.D. It affected her both physically and emotionally.64. Whom did she blame for the accident?A. Her brother.B. Herself.C. No one.D. The villagers.65. The incident had _____ on her poetry.A. no influenceB. very little influenceC. a superficial influenceD. a strong influence（三）SYDNEY: As they sat sharing sweets beside a swimming pool in 1999 , Shane Gould and Jessicah Schipper were simply getting along well , chatting about sport , life and " anything else that came up . "Yet in Sydney next month , they will meet again by the pool , and for a short time the friends will race against each other in the 50-meter butterfly（蝶泳）in the Australian championships at Homebush Bay .Gould , now a 47-year-old mother of four , has announced she will be making a return to elite competition（顶级赛事）to swim the one event , having set a qualifying（合格的）time of 30.32 seconds in winning gold at last year's United States Masters championships . Her comeback comes 32 years after she won three golds at the Munich Olympics .Schipper , now a 17-year-old from Brisbane with a bright future of going to Athens for her first Olympics , yesterday recalled（回忆）her time with Gould five years ago ." I was at a national youth camp on the Gold Coast and Shane had come along to talk to us and watch us train , " Schipper explained . " It seemed as if we had long been good friends . I don't know why . We just started talking and it went from there . "" She had a lot to share with all of us at that camp . She told us stories about what it was likeat big meets like the Olympics and what it's like to be on an Australian team . It was really interesting . "Next time , things will be more serious . " I will still be swimming in the 50m butterfly at the nationals , so there is a chance that I could actually be competing against Shane Gould , " said Schipper , who burst onto the scene at last year's national championships with second places in the 100m and 200m butterfly .66. What is the passage mainly about ?A. Stories happening in swimming competitions .B. Two women swimmers winning Olympic golds .C. Lessons learned from international swimming championships .D. Friendship and competition between two swimmers .67. Gould and Schipper are going to .A. talk about sport and lifeB. go back to elite competitionC. set a qualifying time and win goldD. take part in the same sports event68. Gould won her three Olympic golds when she was .A. 15B. 17C. 22D. 3069. The underlined word " it " in the fifth paragraph probably refers to .A. the OlympicsB. the youth campC. the friendshipD. the Australian team70. What Schipper said showed that she .A. was no longer Gould's friendB. had learned a lot from GouldC. was not interested in Gould's storiesD. would not like to compete against Gould（四）Giving BackFair WayThe Westborough High School golf team had taken the official photos with the state prize. The other teams, disappointed, were on the bus heading home. And then Westborough instructor Greg Rota noticed something wrong with one of the score cards. A 9 had been recorded as a 7. They were not the state prize winner; Wobum High had won. "No one would have known," saidWobum's instructor, Bob Doran. For Rota, it wasn't a difficult decision: "The prize wasn't ours to take."Coin Stars"College students are lazy, but they also want to help," says University of Pennsylvania graduate Dana Hork. So she made it easy, placing cups in rooms where students could leave their spare coins, and handing out cups to first-year students to keep in their rooms. Her " Change for Change" effort has collected $40,000 for charities 慈善机构) , which were decided upon by students.Never ForgottenA school in Massachusetts received a $ 9.5 million check from Jacques LeBermuth. But it took officials several days of digging to discover his connection to the school. Records showed the LeBermuth came from Belgium and studied in the school in the 1920s. When his family fell on hard times, he was offered free room and board. LeBermuth became a trader, owned shares of AT&T and lived off the earnings until he died, at age 89.71. What did Greg Rota probably do in the end?A. Took photos of Doran.B. Had a meeting with Doran.C. Returned the prize to the organizer.D. Apologized to Wobum High School.72. Greg Rota's decision shows that he was _______.A. honestB. politeC. carefulD. friendly73. The underlined word "Change" in the second paragraph means _______.A. ideaB. decisionC. cupsD. coins74. What did the school officials do after receiving the check from Mr. LeBermuth?A. They tried to find out why he gave them the money.B. They went to Belgium to pay their respects to him.C. They dug out the records that were buried underground.D. They decided to offer their students free room and board.75. Jacques LeBermuth gave the money to the school because _______.A. the school asked for itB. he had no need for that much moneyC. the school had helped him in the pastD. he wanted to be remembered by the students六、写作题（共15分）Directions: For this part, you are required to write a composition on the topic Is Competition a Good or Bad Thing? Your composition should be based on the following outline. Your composition should be no less than 120 words.Outline: 1. The seriousness of the present competition2. The advantages of competition3. The disadvantages of competitionCompetition is the method or practice of trying to do better than other people to win or become successful in a specific skill. As a camp, I believe competition is a way of nurturing one's ability and talent in such a way that the person is encouraged to excel more than other skilled person. In some cases and situation, competition may mean a struggle between two or more different competitors.In the workplace, competition has received some bad press in recent years. Greed and layoffs are the two most frequently touted sins of competition. These two sins, however, can always be minimized with new rules (if the appropriate governing bodies are willing to live up to this responsibility of making such new rules) such as increased taxes on the greedy and work replacement/ training/ length-of-workweek rules for employees.参考答案1、D.2、A.3、B.4、C.5、 B.6、 D.7、D.8、A.9、 D.10、C.11、A.12、A.13、 B.14、 A. 15、C.16、 D.17、A.18、C. 19、B.20 B.21、B.22、C.23、C. 24、 D.25、C.26、A.27、C.28、D.29、D. 30、C.31、explosion32、disappointment33、promotion34、economics35、additional36、A.37、A.38、B.39、B. 40、A41、B42、D43、D44、C45、B46、D47、C48、A49、C50、B51、A52、C53、D54、B55、D56、C57、C58、C59、B60、D61、A62、C63、D64、B65、D66、D67、D68、A69、C70、B71、C72、A73、D74、A75、C。

1.____ is the greatest representative of English critical realism.A. Jane AustenB. ThackerayC. DickensD. Charlotte2.____ is Thackeray’s one of the best known works.A. Sense and SensibilityB. The Book of SnobsC. The Pickwick PapersD. The Song of Lower Class3.Pride and Prejudice’s first title is ____.A. First ImpressionB. A Book Without a HeroC. The NewcomesD. Persuasion4.Vanity Fair has a sub-title. It is ____.A. First ImpressionB. A Book Without a HeroC. The NewcomesD. Persuasion5.In the 19th century English literature, a new literary trend ____ appeared. And it flourished in the forties andin the early fifties.A. romanticismB. naturalismC. realismD. critical realism6.English critical realism found its expression chiefly in the form of ____ .A. novelB. dramaC. poetryD. sonnet7.______’s V anity Fair is a satirical portrayal of the upper strata(阶层) of society.A. George EliotB. Elizabeth GaskellC. W. M. ThackerayD. John Buyan8.The ____ Movement appeared in the thirties of the 19th century.A. EnlightenmentB. RenaissanceC. ChartistD. Romanticist9.The Chartist writers introduced a new theme into literature, the struggle of the ___ for its rights.A. soldiersB. peasantsC. bourgeoisieD. proletariat10.The greatest of Chartist poets was _____.A. Earnest JonesB. John MiltonC. Thomas HardyD. John Keats11.The story of ______ deals with the adventures of a retired old merchant.A. A Tale of Two CitiesB. David CopperfieldC. Pickwick PapersD. Oliver Twist12._______ deals with the sufferings and hardships of an old man named Trent and his granddaughter Nell.A. Pickwick PapersB. The Old Curiosity ShopC. Great ExpectationsD. Hard Times13.Which novel makes a fierce attack on the bourgeois system of education?A. Oliver TwistB. Hard TimesC. Great ExpectationsD. A Tale of Two Cities14.Which novel is a great satire upon the society and those people who dream to enter the higher societyregardless of the social reality?A. A Tale of Two CitiesB. David CopperfieldC. Great ExpectationD. Dombey and Son15.In the novel ______, Dickens describes the Chartist Movement and shows his sympathy for the workers.A. Great ExpectationsB. A Tale of Two CitiesC. Hard TimesD. Oliver Twist16.In the novel ___ , Defarge and Madame Defarge represent the revolutionaries.A. Dombey and SonB. A Tale of Two CitiesC. Little DorritD. Bleak House17.In the novel _____, Dr. Manette is a typical bourgeois intellectual.A. David CopperfieldB. Wuthering HeightsC. Bleak HouseD. A Tale of Two Cities18._____ is often regarded as the semi-autobiography of the author Dickens in which the early life of the hero islargely based on the author’s early life.A. The Curiosity ShopB. David CopperfieldC. Oliver TwistD. Great Expectations19.In 1864, Dickens published his last complete novel _______.A. The Old Curiosity ShopB. The Pickwick PaperC. Our Mutual FriendD. Little Dorrit20.Which of the following is Thackeray’s masterpiece?A. The VirginiansB. The Books of Snobs. The Newcomes D. Vanity Fair21.The title of the novel Vanity Fair was taken from Bunyan’s masterpiece _____.A. The Pilgrim’s ProgressB. Child Harold’s PilgrimageC. Gulliver’s TravelsD. The Canterbury Tales22.Emily Bronte wrote only one novel entitled ______.A. Jane EyreB. Agnes GreyC. Wuthering HeightsD. Emma23.Dickens’ third literary period shows intensifying ______.A. optimismB. excitementC. irritationD. pessimism24.______is Dickens’ best of social satires.A. American NotesB. Martin ChuzzlewitC. Dombey and SonD. David Copperfield25.The Chartists refer to those _____ in the early Victorian AgeA. Romantic writersB. working class writersC. realistic poetsD. bourgeois writers26.The Victorian Literature began in____ and ended in _____.A. 1837...1900 B. 1835...1901 C. 1832...1902 D. 1830 (1903)27.The conflicts between the capitalists and the proletarian in industrial England caused the _____.A. Enlightenment MovementB. Industrial RevolutionC. Chartist MovementD. Romantic Movement28._____ is the greatest among the critical realists of the Victorian Age.A. Earnest JonesB. Emily BrontёC. Charlotte BrontёD. Charles Dickens29.Charles Dickens was impressive for his _____.A. wide spread of critical realismB. his spirit of democracy and humanismC.his unforgettable figures with satire and simple and clear languageD. including A, B and C30.“The pride of wealth” or “purse-pride” is the theme of _____.A. Dombey and SonB. Nicholas NicklebyC. The Old Curiosity ShopD. Martin Chuzzlewit31.The two cities in A Tale of Two Cities refer to ____.A. London and New YorkB. London and ParisC. Paris and New YorkD. Brussels and Washington32.____ is the major literary form in the Victorian Period.A. essayB. poetryC. novelD. drama33.____ is the main hero in the novel of Wuthering Heights.A. RochesterB. HeathcliffC. ManetteD. Martin34.Both Charlotte and Emily wrote about the ____ around them.A. familiar thingsmon peopleC. neighborsD. evils35.The most important poet in the Victorian Age was _____.A. Earnest JonesB. Elizabeth GaskellC. Mr. BrowningD. Alfred Tennyson36.______ made Dickens famous overnight.A. Sketches by BozB. The Pickwick PapersC. Oliver TwistD. The Old Curiosity Shop37._____ is Dickens’ first novel of social history reflecting t he sharp social contradictions.A. Sketches by BozB. American NotesC. Martin ChuzzlewitD. Barnaby Rudge (《巴纳比·拉奇》)38._____ is an autobiographical novel and loved by Dickens himself most.A. Great ExpectationsB. David CopperfieldC. Bleak HouseD. The Pickwick Papers39.Dickens’ writing is an encyclopedic knowledge of _____.A. ParisB. New YorkC. LondonD. Portsmoth40.The head of the gang of thieves is _____.A. FaginB. GradgrindC. PecksmiffD. Manette41._____ has been called “the supreme epic of English life”.A. Nicholas NicklebyB. A Tale of Two CitiesC. Hard TimesD. The Pickwick Papers42._____marked a great advance in Dickens’ art of novel-writing with closely knit and logical plot of hismaturer works.A. David CopperfieldB. Dombey and SonC. Little DorritD. The Chimes43．____is Oscar Wilde’s only novel.A. Lady Windermere’s FanB. A Woman of No ImportanceC. The Picture of Dorian GrayD. The Importance of Being Earnest44. The greatest Scottish poet in the pre-romanticism is ________.A. William WordsworthB. Oliver GoldsmithC. Thomas GrayD. Robert Burns45. _______ is written by William Blake, a great poet in the pre-romanticism.A. The Songs of InnocenceB. Reliques of Ancient English poetryC. Songs and SonnetsD. Kubla Khan46.The main literary stream of the 18th century was ____. What the writers described in their works were mainlysocial realities.A. romanticismB. classicismC. realismD. sentimentalism48. In a series of pamphlets Jonathan Swift denounced the cruel and unjust treatment of Ireland by the Englishgovernment. One of the most famous is ____.A. Essays on CriticismB. A Modest ProposalC. Gulliver’s TravelsD. The Battle of the Books49.“Proper words in proper places, makes the true definition of a style.” This sentence is said by ____, one of the greatest masters of English prose.A. Alexander PopeB. Henry FieldingC. Jonathan SwiftD. Daniel Defoe50._____’s best-known pamphlet was The Trueborn Englishman—A Satire, which contained a causticexposure of the aristocracy and the tyranny of the church.A. Alexander PopeB. Henry Fielding . Jonathan Swift D. Daniel Defoe51.The sentence of “The plowman ho meward plods his weary way, /And leaves the world to darkness and to me” is written by ____.A. William CowperB. George CrabbeC. Thomas GrayD. William Blake52.____ has a another name called “The Daffodils”.A. “The Rime of the Ancient Mariner”B. “Tintern Abbey”C. “Revolution”D. “I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud”53.Coleridge’s _____ is a “conversation” poem.A. Frost at MidnightB. “The Rime of the Ancient Mariner”C. ChristabelD. Biographia Literaria54.Byron’s ____ is regarded as the great poem of the Romantic Age.A. Childe Harold’s PilgrimageB. Hours of IdlenessC. LaraD. Don Juan55.Prometheus Unbound is ____ masterpiece.A. Wordsworth’sB. Byron’sC. Shelley’sD. Keats56.Keats’ best ode is ____.A. “On a Grecian Urn”B. “To Autumn”C. “To Psyche”D. “To a Nightingale”57.The best works of William Hazlitt is ____.A. The Spirit of the AgeB. Table TalkC. The Characters of Shakespeare’s PlaysD. On the English Poets58 The publication of ______ marks the beginning of the Romantic Movement in England.A. “Tintern Abbey”B. Lyrical BalladsC. Frost at NightD. “The Daffodils”59._____ is considered Wordsworth’s masterpiece.A. The PreludeB. EndymionC. Don JuanD. Biographia Literaria60.The best essayist in the English Romantic Age is _____.A. KeatsB. Walter ScottC. Charles LambD. William Hazlitt61.The themes of Pride and Prejudice are _____.A. pride and prejudiceB. the writer’s own personalitiesC. love and marriageD. Both A and C62._____ is considered the father of historical novelist in the English Romantic Age.A.Jane AustenB. Charles LambC. William HazlittD. Waler Scott63.Critics agree that ____ is a great romantic poet, standing with Shakespeare, Milton and Wordsworth in thehistory English literature.A. KeatsB. WordsworthC. ColeridgeD. William64．The reader can get a broad panorama of the social life of the English Romantic Age from ___.A. Dun JuanB. The PreludeC. Kubla KhanD. Isabella65.Some critics think that some of Byron’s poems show his _____.A. individual heroism and pessimismB. love of nature and optimismC. love of old writersD. hatred for the imperialism66____ is Shelley’s masterpiece.A. ZastrozziB. The Necessity of AtheismC. Queen MabD. Prometheus Unbound67. Romantic Age began in____ and came to an end in _____.A. 1789...1821 B. 1778...1823 C. 1798...1832 D. 1768 (1819)68.Byron, Shelley and Keats belong to Romantic poets of ___ generation.A. the firstB. the secondC. the thirdD. the forth69.____ is the greatest representative of English critical realism.A. Jane AustenB. ThackerayC. DickensD. Charlotte70.____ is Thackeray’s one of the best known works.A. Sense and SensibilityB. The Book of SnobsC. The Pickwick PapersD. The Song of Lower Class71.Pride and Prejudice’s first title is ____.A. First ImpressionB. A Book Without a HeroC. The NewcomesD. Persuasion72.Vanity Fair has a sub-title. It is ____.A. First ImpressionB. A Book Without a HeroC. The NewcomesD. Persuasion73.In the 19th century English literature, a new literary trend ____ appeared. And it flourished in the fortiesand in the early fifties.A. romanticismB. naturalismC. realismD. critical realism74.English critical realism found its expression chiefly in the form of ____ .A. novelB. dramaC. poetryD. sonnet75.______’s V anity Fair is a satirical portrayal of the upper strata(阶层) of society.A. George EliotB. Elizabeth GaskellC. W. M. ThackerayD. John Buyan76.The greatest of Chartist poets was _____.A. Earnest JonesB. John MiltonC. Thomas HardyD. John Keats77.The story of ______ deals with the adventures of a retired old merchant.A. A Tale of Two CitiesB. David CopperfieldC. Pickwick PapersD. Oliver Twist78.The novel _____ exposes the terrible conditions of English private schools.A. Nicholas NicklebyB. Oliver TwistC. Hard TimesD. Great Expectations79.The story of _____ deals with the sufferings and hardships of an old man named Trent, and hisgranddaughter, Nell.A. Pickwick PapersB. The Old Curiosity ShopC. Great ExpectationsD. Hard Times80.Which novel makes a fierce attack on the bourgeois system of education?A. Oliver TwistB. Hard TimesC. Great ExpectationsD. A Tale of Two Cities81.Which novel is a great satire upon the society and those people who dream to enter the higher societyregardless of the social reality?A. A Tale of Two CitiesB. David CopperfieldC. Great ExpectationsD. Dombey and Son82.In the novel ______, Dickens describes the Chartist Movement and shows his sympathy for the workers.A. Great ExpectationsB. A Tale of Two CitiesC. Hard TimesD. Oliver Twist83.In the novel ___ , Defarge and Madame Defarge represent the revolutionaries.A. Dombey and SonB. A Tale of Two CitiesC. Little DorritD. Bleak House84._____ is often regarded as the semi-autobiography of the author Dickens in which the early life of the herois largely based on the author’s early life.A. The Curiosity ShopB. David CopperfieldC. Oliver TwistD. Great Expectations85.In the ____ period, Charles Dickens believed that all the evils of the capitalist world would be remedies ofonly men who behaved to each other with kindliness, justice, and sympathetic understanding.A. firstB. secondC. thirdD. fourth86.____ is the most class-conscious book among the Christmas books.A. A Christmas CarolB. The ChimesC. The Cricket on the HearthD. The Battle of Life87.____is Oscar Wilde’s only novel.A. Lady Windermere’s FanB. A Woman of No ImportanceC. The Picture of Dorian GrayD. The Importance of Being Earnest88.News from Nowhere is a prose work which ____ describes a dream of the future classless society.A. MorrisB. GissingC. StevensonD. Wilde89.Katharine Mansfield is a master of ____ at the turn of the century.A. short story writerB. dramatic poetryC. realistic novelsD. humor90.After writing _____, Hardy turned to poetry.A. Under the Greenwood TreeB. The Return of the NativeC. Jude the ObscureD. The Mayor of Casterbridge91.Yeats’s fame rests chiefly on his ______, using a lot of symbols in his poem.A. novelsB. poetryC. dramasD. prose92.____ was a leader of the modernist movement in English poetry and a great innovator of versetechnique.A. W.B. Yeats B. T. S. EliotC.D. H. Lawrence D. G. B. Shaw93.____ is a great novel spending James Joyce 7 years of hard working to complete.A. A Portrait of the Artist as a Young ManB. UlyssesC. Finnegans WakeD. Dubliners94.____ is a collection of short stories which reflect three aspects of life in politics, culture and religion.A. A Portrait of the Artrist as a Young ManB. UlyssesC. Finnegans WakeD. Dubliners95.Which of the following is Not written by D. H. Lawrence?A. The Waste LandB. The RainbowC. Lady Chatterley’s LoverD. Women in Love96.Which of the following is not written by Yeats?A. Four QuartetsB. A VisionC. The Winding StairD. The Tower97.____ is the climax of Virginia Woolf’s experiments through the novel form of “stream of consciousness”.A.Jacob’s RoomB. To the LighthouseC. OrlandoD. The Waves139. _____ is the first important governess novel in the English literary history.A. Jane Eyre B Emma C. Wuthering Height D. Middlemarch140. Which of the following best describes the nature of Hardy’s later novels?A. SentimentalismB. SurrealismC. Comic senseD. Tragic sense.141.The typical feature of Robert Browning’s poetry is the _____.A. bitter satireB. Larger-than-life caricatureC. Latinized dictionD. dramatic monologue142. The modernist writers such as Richardson, Joyce and Woolf are mainly concerned with the __.A. external worldB. public life of an individualC. social activities of human beingsD. inner life of an individual143. Eliot’s poem, the Waste Land, is mainly concerned with the _____of a modern civilization.A. social corruptionB. spiritual breakupC. physical breakupD. religious corruption144. Among the great writers of the modern period, ____might be the greatest on radical experimentation oftechnical innovation in novel writing.A. Joseph ConradB. D. H. LawrenceC. Virginia WoolfD. James Joys145. The mission of ______ drama was to reveal the moral, political and economic truth from a radical reformist point of view.A . T. S. Eliot B. J. Galsworthy’s C. B. Shaw’s D. W. B. Yeats’146. According to D. H. Lawrence, the ____is the most responsible for the alienation of the human relationships and the perversion of human personality.A. pride of the aristocratic classB. vanity of the middle classC. man’s desire for power and moneyD. capitalist mechanical civilization147. The Victorian age was largely an age of _____, eminently represented by Dickens and Thackeray.A. pessimismB. naturalismC. modernismD. critical realism 148. The Romantic Age in England came to an end with the death of ____.A. Jane AustinB. Walter ScottC. Samuel Taylor ColeridgeD. William Wordsworth149. Who is the father of English poetry?A. William Shakespeare.B. Edmund Spencer.C. John Milton.D. Geoffrey Chaucer.150. ____ is defined as an expression of human emotion which is condensed into fourteen lines.A. Free VerseB. SonnetC. OdeD. Epigram151. John Galsworthy won the 1932 Nobel Prize for his work ____.A. UlyssesB. Hard TimesC. The Forsyte SagaD. Jude the Obscure 152. Which of the following poems is NOT written by George Gordon Byron?A. She Walks in Beauty.B. The Solitary Reaper.C. When We Two Parted.D. Childe Harold's Pilgrimage. 153. Generally, the Renaissance refers to the period between ____ centuries.A. 14th and mid 17thB. 14th and mid-18thC. 16th and mid-18thD. 16th and mid-17th154. ____ is the greatest songwriter in the world and the national poet of Scotland.A. William BlakeB. Robert BurnsC. ByronD. Keats155. William Blake's The Tiger is collected in ____.A. Songs of InnocenceB. Songs of ExperienceC. Marriage of Heaven and HellD. Poetical Sketches 156. Among the following poets, which is NOT a lake poet?A. William Wordsworth.B. Samuel Taylor Coleridge.C. Robert Southey.D. William Collins. 157. _____is a fork legend brought to England by Anglo-Saxons from their continental homes, it is a long poem of over 3000 lines and the national epic of the English people.A. BeowulfB. Sir GawainC. The Canterbury TalesD. King Arthur and His Knights158. "Beauty is truth, truth beauty" is an epigrammatic line by ____.A. John KeatsB. William BlakeC. William WordsworthD. Percy Bysshe Shelley 159. Lyrical Ballad s is the joint work between Wordsworth and his friend ____.A. ColeridgeB. ByronC. KeatsD. Shelly160. Which of the following writers has once won the Nobel Prize?A. William Butler Yeats.B. Thomas Hardy.C. Wystan Hugh Auden.D. Dylan Thomas. 161. Which of the following is NOT Virginia Woolf's novel?A. To the Lighthouse.B. Mrs. Dalloway.C. The Waves.D. Modern Painters. 162. ____ was the greatest poet between Milton and Pope and was Poet Laureate for 20 years.A. Edmund SpencerB. John DrydenC. John DonneD. George Herbert163. ____ is D. H. Lawrence's semi-autographical novel.A. Sons and LoversB. Women in LoveC. RainbowD. Lady Chatterlay’s Lover。

郑州工商学院期末考试1. (单项选择)The doctor’s report ____ that her death was due to heart disease.( ) (本题2分)A. indicatingB. indicatedC. indicatesD. will indicate答案: B解析: 无2. (单项选择)Medical researchers reached the ____ long ago that smoking is a serious hazard to health.( ) (本题2分)A. decisionB. investigationC. conclusionD. explanation答案: C解析: 无3. (单项选择)George Washington, the first President of the U.S., is known ____ the Father of His Country.( ) (本题2分)A. forB. likeC. asD. because答案: C解析: 无4. (单项选择)The fire that broke out in the plant during the night was still seen _____ a lot of smoke the next morning.( ) (本题2分)A. giving offB. give offC. giving inD. give in答案: A解析: 无5. (单项选择)They have invented a new ____ washing machine.( ) (本题2分)A. typesB. kinds ofC. kindD. type of答案: D6. (单项选择)The movie we are going to see is said to be ______ the life story of an American general.( ) (本题2分)A. based onB. said aboutC. talked onD. spoken about答案: A解析: 无7. (单项选择)The fences along the middle of the road is intended to protect vehicles from crashing ____ each other.( ) (本题2分)A. onB. intoC. withD. onto答案: B解析: 无8. (单项选择)Supporters of gun control have worked for many years to ban the sale of____ handguns in America.( ) (本题2分)A. deadB. dyingC. diedD. deadly答案: D解析: 无9. (单项选择)My native town, which was ____ rather small, has now been built into one of the biggest cities in the province.( ) (本题2分)A. occasionallyB. originallyC. suddenlyD. terrible答案: B解析: 无10. (单项选择)The speaker said something about the actors first and then _____ to talk about the film.( ) (本题2分)A. go onB. proceededC. producedD. went on with答案: B解析: 无11. (单项选择)We had a long debate _____ whether we should spend so much money on space technology.( ) (本题2分)B. so asC. as aboutD. so as to答案: A解析: 无12. (单项选择)Henry couldn’t take part in the sports meeting ____ his leg got broken.( ) (本题2分)A. soB. becauseC. because ofD. so that答案: B解析: 无13. (单项选择)The earlier the better, as far _____ I am concerned.( ) (本题2分)A. asB. soC. so thatD. such that答案: A解析: 无14. (单项选择)The meeting was ___ held the following week.( ) (本题2分)A. beenB. toC. to beD. being答案: C解析: 无15. (单项选择)The girl was _____ into accepting the gift.( ) (本题2分)A. saidB. toldC. spokenD. talked答案: D解析: 无16. (单项选择)____ David loves his daughter, he is strict with her.( ) (本题2分)A. BeforeB. WhileC. UntilD. As long as答案: B解析: 无17. (单项选择)By careful examination, the doctors hope to ____ the source of the infection.( ) (本题2分)A. make sureB. set offC. get upD. track down答案: D解析: 无18. (单项选择)The coat fits the boy perfectly now, but he will ____ it in a year’s time.( ) (本题2分)A. outgrowB. up growC. out growD. upright答案: A解析: 无19. (单项选择)Johnny’s mouth watered _____ the sight of the big pudding.( ) (本题2分)A. atB. inC. onD. for答案: A解析: 无20. (单项选择)______ must be done _____ the house before we can live in it.( ) (本题2分)A. Repairing, toB. Repairs, withC. Repair work, withD. Repairs, to答案: D解析: 无21. (单项选择)You can see _____ books and paper in that store.( ) (本题2分)A. muchB. a large number ofC. manyD. plenty of答案: D解析: 无22. (单项选择)____ the next several minutes _____ the students memorize the dialogue.( ) (本题2分)A. To devote, to helpingB. Devote, to helpC. Devote, to helpingD. Devoting, help答案: B解析: 无23. (单项选择)As your spoken English gets better, _____ your written English.( ) (本题2分)A. so doesB. so willC. such doesD. such will答案: B解析: 无24. (单项选择)_____, one must have something ____.( ) (本题2分)A. Living, to believeB. To live, to believe inC. Living, to believe inD. To live, believing答案: B解析: 无25. (单项选择)The chickens will provide us _____ eggs and feathers ______ we can make use for cleaning the tables and benches.( ) (本题2分)A. with, whichB. with, of whichC. of whichD. of, from which答案: B解析: 无26. (单项选择)She _____ at his rudeness that she burst into tears.( ) (本题2分)A. took by so surpriseB. was so taken by surpriseC. took so much in surpriseD. was taken by surprise答案: B解析: 无27. (单项选择)Before that a certain scientist ______ this something ____ “radioactivity”.( ) (本题2分)A. had named, asB. had called, forC. had found, callingD. had found, called答案: D解析: 无28. (单项选择)The temperature _____ water boils is 100C.( ) (本题2分)A. thatB. whichC. whereD. at which答案: D解析: 无29. (单项选择)_____ many times, but he still couldn’t understand it.( ) (本题2分)A. Having been toldB. Though he had beenC.He was toldD.Having told答案: C解析: 无30. (单项选择)Industrial cities such as Chicago and Detroit have severely ____ the waters of the Great Lakes.( ) (本题2分)A. pollutionsB. pollutingC. pollutesD. polluted答案: D解析: 无31. (阅读理解)Successful and happy distance learners have a few characteristics in common. Compare yourself to the following list to determine whether or not online classes are a good fit for your personality and habits. 1. Successful distance learners do just as well, if not better, without people looking over their shoulder. While some people need teachers to keep them motivated and on-task, distance learners are able to motivate themselves. They realize that they will never be face-to-face with the people who give them assignments and grade their work, but they don’t need others to encourage them. The most successful students are self-motivated and set their own goals. 2. Successful distance learners never (or at least rarely) put off their assignments or wait until the last moment to write their papers. These students enjoy the freedom of working at their own pace and appreciate the ability to complete their work in as much time as it takes them, instead of waiting for an entire class. However, they understand that putting off their work too often can end up adding months, if not years, to their studies. 3. Successful distance learners have good reading comprehension skills. While most people learn by listening to lectures and taking notes, the majority of distance learners are expected to master material through reading alone. Although some distance learning courses offer video recordings and audio clips, most programs require that students understand a large amount of information that is only available through written text. These students are able to comprehend texts at the college level without the direct guidance of a teacher. 4. Successful distance learners can resist constant distractions. Whether it’s the phone ringing off the hook, the kids screaming in the kitchen, or the temptation of TV programs, everyone faces distractions. Successful students know how to filter out the constant disturbances that threaten their progress. They feel comfortable turning down an invitation or letting the machine pick up the phone when they know there is work to be done. (本题10分)1. (单项选择)Which of the following is NOT included in the successful distance learners’ characteristics? (本题2分)A. Being self-motivated.B. Being self-disciplined.C. Being with good reading comprehension skills.D. Being easy to distract attention.答案: D解析: 无2. (单项选择)If putting off his work too often, what will happen to this student? (本题2分)A. An entire class will wait for him.B. The professor will punish him.C. He has to postpone his graduation.D. Nothing will happen to him.答案: C解析: 无3. (单项选择)The phrase “filter out” in the last paragraph means __________. (本题2分)A. choosing something to learnB. getting rid of the disturbancesC. working out a planD. solving the problem答案: B解析: 无4. (单项选择)What we can infer from this passage is that __________. (本题2分)A. distance learners will never refuse the invitation for coming out because they are freeB. only with written texts provided by online class, reading comprehension skills are very important to distance learnersC. traditional learners can enjoy the freedom of working at their own paceD. even without good reading comprehension, traditional learners still can make progress with the help of teacher答案: D解析: 无5. (单项选择)Based on this passage, the author intends to tell us that __________. (本题2分)A. online learning is the perfect option for everyoneB. no one would like to enroll at a traditional schoolC. learners must consider whether they have the qualities to attend online classes before making their decisionD. online learning will take the place of traditional school in future答案: C解析: 无32. (阅读理解)If you want to stay young, sit down and have a good think. This is the research finding of a team of Japanese doctors, who say that most of our brains are not getting enough exercise-and as a result, we are ageing unnecessarily soon. Professor Taiju Matsuzawa wanted to find out why otherwise healthy farmers in northern Japanappeared to be losing their ability to think and reason at a relatively early age, and how the process of ageing could be slowed down. With a team of colleagues at Tokyo National University, he set about measuring brain volumes of a thousand people of different ages and varying occupations. Computer technology enabled the researchers to obtain precise measurements of the volume of the front and side sections of the brain, which relate to intellect and emotion, and determine the human character. (The rear section of the brain, which controls functions like eating and breathing, does not contract with age, and one can continue living without intellectual or emotional faculties.) Contraction of front and side parts was observed in some subjects in their thirties, but it was still not evident in some sixty-and-seventy-year-olds. Matsuzawa concluded from his tests that there is a simple remedy to the contraction normally associated with age-using the head. The findings show in general terms that contraction of the brain begins sooner in people in the country than in the towns. Those least at risk, says Matsuzawa, are lawyers, followed by university professors and doctors. White collar workers doing routine work in government offices are, however, as likely to have shrinking brains as the farm worker, bus driver and shop assistant. Matsuzawa’s findings show that thinking can prevent the brain from shrinking. Blood must circulate properly in the head to supply the fresh oxygen th e brain cells need. “The best way to maintain good blood circulation is through using the brain,” he says. “Think hard and engage in conversation. Don’t rely on pocket calculators.” (本题10分)1. (单项选择)The team of doctors wanted to find out __________. (本题2分)A. why certain people age sooner than othersB. how to make people live longerC. the size of certain people’s brainsD. which people are most intelligent答案: A解析: 无2. (单项选择)What are their research findings based on? (本题2分)A. A survey of farmers in northern Japan.B. Tests performed on a thousand old people.C. The study of brain volumes of different people.D. The latest development of computer technology.答案: C解析: 无3. (单项选择)The doctor’s tests show that __________. (本题2分)A. our brains shrink as we grow olderB. the front section of the brain does not shrinkC. sixty-year-olds have better brains than thirty-year-oldsD. some people’s brains have contracted more than other people’s答案: A解析: 无4. (单项选择)The word “subjects” in paragraph 5 means__________. (本题2分)A. something to be consideredB. branches of knowledge studiedC. persons chosen to be studied in an experimentD. any member of a state except the supreme ruler答案: C解析: 无5. (单项选择)According to the passage, which people seem to age slower than the others? (本题2分)A. Lawyers.B. Farmers.C. Clerks.D. Shop assistants.答案: A解析: 无33. (简答题)建议你在30分钟内，根据下面所给的提纲用英语写出一篇不少于80词的短文。