英语：经典易错题会诊（动词的时态和语态）常见的八种时态及其延伸时态的含义和基本用法.
主动语态、被动语态的含义和用法.
情态动词+ have + 过去分词结构
动词时态是高中语法的重点和难点，当然也就是高考的命题热点了。判断时态的关键在于正确认定行为动作发生的时间。根据时间状语直接地判断时态比较简单，但必须牢牢掌握与各种时态连用的时间状语。同时，正确分析试题的时态语境是非常重要的。这里的“语境”是指上下文的时间信息，入是题干所提供的对话，或是单句，找出信息词，确定行为动作发生的时间，从而判断句子的时态。这仍然是命题的焦点。
经典易错题会诊
命题角度1 常见的八种时态及其延伸时态的含义和平共处基本用法
1 (典型例题) He was hoping to go abroad but his parents __ that they won’t support him unless he can borrow money from the bank.
A. were deciding
B. have decided
C. decided
D. will decide
[考场错解] C
[专家把脉] 前面的was hoping有很大的干扰，考生以为是过去的动作，从而错选C。but之后的句意为:他的父母决定，除非他从银行借钱，否则他们是不会支持的。那么是已经决定，过去发生的动作，对现在造成了影响，符合现在完成时的含义与用法。
[对症下药] B
[考场错解] C
2.(典型例题) They __ on the program for almost one week before I joined them, and now we it as no good results have come out so far.
A. had been working; are still working
B. had worked; were still working
C. have been working; have worked
D. have worked; are still working
[专家把脉] 本题有两个不同的语境。前者是在我加入以前他们已经干了一个星期，是过去的过去，用过去完成时；后者则用现在进行时来表示目前仍然处于的状态。时间状语so far是修饰动作come out的。[对症下药] A
3.(典型例题) —Has Sam finished his homework today?
—I have no idea. He __ it this morning.
A. did
B. has done
C. was doing
D. had done
[考场错解] A
[专家把脉] 这里的时间状语this moring很容易让考生误选一般过去时。句意为:Sam今天写完作业了吗?我不知道，他今天上午在做着呢。应该使用过去进行时，表示上午当时正做着，但不知是否完成。状语this moming前加上by，则可用过去完成时。
[对症下药] C
4.(典型例题) —The window is dirty.
—I know. It for weeks.
A. hasn’t cleaned
B. didn’t clean
C. wasn’t cleaned
D. hasn’t been cleaned
[考场错解] B
[专家把脉] 题干中的时间状语for weeks是某段时间。根据后者所说:我知道，它已经好几周没擦了。窗户应该是被擦，而且过去的动作影响到现在，所以应该用现在完成时的被动语态。
[对症下药] D
5.(典型例题)—Thank goodness, you are here! What__ you?
—Traffic jam.
A. keeps
B. is keeping
C. had kept
D. kept
[考场错解] C
[专家把脉] 根据语义You’re here(你终于到了)，那么后面是叙述在到达之前所发生的事情，说明动作已经终止，用一般过去时。如果说强调对现在的影响，也只能是现在完成时，所以C项是错误的。
[对症下药] D
6.(典型例题) The crazy fans patiently for two hours, and they would wait till the movie star arrived.
A. were waiting
B. had been waiting
C. had waited
D. would wait
[考场错解] A、C、或D
[专家把脉] 题于意思为:那些疯狂的影迷已经耐心地等了两个小时，而且他们会一直等到那位影星的出现谓语是针对过去某个时候而言一直持续的状态，故需要用过去完成进行时不是过去某个时候正在发生的动作(A)或即将发生的动作(D):若选C，最好是不再继续等待。
[对症下药] B
7.(典型例题)Maybe you have been to many countries, but nowhere else __ such a beautiful palace.
A. can you find
B. you could tlnd
C. you can find
D. could you find
[考场错解] D
[专家把脉] 这里并非是疑问句中could表示委婉语气，排除B、D、本题but后的并列简单句是以nowhere else这个否定词开始，故要用倒装语序，从时态一致的角度考虑，选A。
[对症下药] A
8.(典型例题) The number of deaths from heart disease will be reduced greatly if people to eat more fruit and vegetables.
A. persuade
B. will persuaded
C. be persuaded
D. are persuaded
[考场错解] B
[专家把脉] 尽管句中是指将来的事情，但条件状语从句中常用一般现在时代替一般将来时，在这时“如果人们被说服或被劝告……”，含有被动之意，所以选用一般现在时的被动语态，
[对症下药] D
9.(典型例题) Now that she is out of job, Lucy going back to school, but she hasa’t decided yet.
A. had considered
B. has been considering
C. considered
D. is going to considered
[考场错解] C
[专家把脉] 从题干中得知，Lucy失业，从主句的后半句得知她还没有决定是否回学校，因此，前面是指她一直在考虑着回学校，符合现在完成进行时的含义，
[对症下药] B
专家会诊
使用各种时态时的注意事项
1.一般现在时
(1)有计划的动作常用来表示计划、安排好了的将来动作，如go，come，start，leave，take off(起飞)，
arrive，return等。
例如:
I leave for Beijing next Monday.
The meeting begins in a minute.
(2)在here，there，in等开头的倒装句中，一般现在时代替一般将来时。例如:
I leave for Beijing next Monday.
There goes the bell.
In came the teacher.
(3)表示感觉、状态、思想或理解的动词，如
see ，hear，think，hope，wish，know，forget，understand，like，hate，mean，be feel，fit 等常有可
用于一般现在时。例如:
I feel a sudden pain in my head.
2.一般过去时
在口语中，want，hope，wish，wonder，think等动词可用一般过去时表示现在的一种委婉的语气或一种试探性的态度；情态动词的过去式could，should，would，might也可用于现在或将来时表示一种委婉语气。例如:
I wanted to ask if you could help me.
Could you lend me your dictionary?
Would you like to have a walk in the garden with me?
What should I do now?
3.一般将来时
(1)条件状语从句中，will可以用作情态动词，表示“意愿”。Will还可以用作表示一种倾向或习惯动作。例如:
If you will wait for me, I shall go with you. (表示意愿)
Crops will die without water. (表示倾向性)
Where there is water, there will be life. (表示习惯性)
(3)be doing限于某些非延续性动词，如go，come，leave，start，finish等，表示按计划安排要发生
的事。例如:
I am finishing my homework.
He is coming.
They are leaving for Tibet.
4.现在进行时
(1)用来表示现阶段正在进行的动作，尽管此刻这一动作不一定正在进行。例如:
How are you getting along with your work these days?
(2)在时间、条件状语从句中，有时可用进行时来代替一般将来时。例如:
Don’t mention this when you are talking with the manager.
(3)现在进行时与always，all the time，forever，constantly等词连用时，表示感叹、惊讶、厌恶等情绪。例如:
He is always thinking of his study. (表示赞许)
Tom is talking his past all the time. (表示厌恶)
(4)连系动词look，feel，smdl，taste，sound等，表示心理的动词want，like，prefer，have等一般不用
于进行时态，也没有被动语态。但是，turn，become，get，grow，go等表示由一种状态进入另一种状态时，用进行时。例如:
She feels worse today.
The fish smells good.
The rich man is becoming poorer and poorer.(改变状态)
It’s getting darker and darker.(改变状态)
5.—般过去时和现在完成时的区别
(1)一般过去时所表示的一个和一段过去时间是可以具体确定的，与其他时间没有牵连。所表示的事情纯属过去，和现在的情况没有关系。
Who pointed out the mistake?
He will never be what he used to be.
He went to town yesterday. ( 过去某次)
When I was young, I took bath regularly. (过去经常)
I would tell him the great changes when I was in his home. (经常发生的动作)
现在完成时表示的事情发生在不能具体指出的现在以前的过去某个或某段时间，所表示的事情与现在情况有关系，是过去事情在现在产生的结果或对现在的影响。例如:
Have you ever been to Shanghai?
He has gone to the library.
(2)一般过去时常用的时间状语有yesterday，last night，two days ago，at that time等；例如:
At that time, he was very poor.
I finished my homework two days ago.
现在完成时常用的状语，副词有already，just，yet，never，ever，before等，与表示从过去延续到现在并包括现在在内的一段时间状语连用，如today，now，lately，recently，in the last／past few days／weeks ／years，since then，up to now，so far等。例如:
I have never seen such a big apple.
He has remembered 500 words this month.
He has been there for five months.
I haven’t see n him since 典型例题I haven’t seen him since he left.
I won’t believe you until I have seen it with my own eyes.
比较下面句子，体会两种时态的不同:
①He served in the army from 1999 to 典型例题指过去的一件事，现在不是军人)
He has served in the army for 6 years.(现在还在服役)
②He wrote many novels when he was at college. (写许多小说是读大学时的事情)
He has written many novels。(写过许多小说，还在写)
③I saw War and Peace lastyear.(去年看的)
I have seen War and Peace before.(以前看过)
6.现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别
现在完成时的动作发生在过去，对现在有着影响；现在完成进行时则强调延续或直接结果。例如: You look so tired ,what have you been doing?
We have been discussing the problem but we haven’t drawn a conclusion.
考场维训练
1 I __ with my uncle and aunt because my parents have gone abroad for a holiday.
A. stayed
B. am staying
C. have stayed
D. was staying
答案: B
解析:从后文可知父母还在度假，那么是现在正在和叔叔一起住。
2 At last we got the letter we __ long __
A. had; been expecting
B. were; expecting
C. had; been expected
D. have; been expecting
答案: A
解析:根据语境，我们一直期待的信，用过去完成进行时。
3 —What’s the weather like tomorrow?
—Well, I __ it, for the scenic pictures drew my attention as the weather forecast was going on.
A. was missing
B. missed
C. will miss
D. had misse
答案: B
解析:错过了是过去的事情。
4 —May I speak to your manager at four o clock this afternoon ?
—I’m sorry. He to a conference long before then.
A. will have gone
B. had gone
C. would go
D. has gone
答案: A
解析:在那个时候已经发生了，将来完成时。
5 —Has George returned from Japan yet? I’d like to meet him.
—I’m terribly sorry, but he __ back here only for last weekend.
A. has been
B. would be
C. had been
D. was
答案: D
解析:这里时间状语for last week并不是表示一段时间，只是说明一个过去的情况。
命题角度2 主动语态、被动语态的含义和用法
1 (典型例题) Millions of pounds’ worth of damage _ by a storm which swept across the north of England last night.
A. has been caused
B. had been caused
C. will be caused
D. will have been caused [考场错解] B
[专家把脉] 损失是暴风雨造成的，所以应该是被动。但如果被题干中的过去时迷惑而用过去完成时的B项就错了。暴风雨是昨晚发生的事情，但由此造成的影响还在继续，所以应当用现在完成时的被动语态。[对症下药] A
2.(典型例题)—Why did you leave that position?
—I __ a better position at IBM.
A. offer
B. offered
C. am offered
D. was offered
[考场错解] C
[专家把脉] 动词offer常用在offereb.sth.结构中，这里主语是I，故用被动语态。又因为动作发生在过去，因此选D。
[对症下药] D
3.(典型例题) Sarah,hurry up. I’m afraid you wouldn’t have time to __ before the party.
A. get changed
B. get change
C. get changing
D. get to change
[考场错解] D
[专家把脉] 本题考查系表结构。“get changed"是换衣服的意思，changed是过去分词做表语。类似的还有get dressed，get seated等。
[对症下药] A
4.(典型例题)According to the art dealer, the painting to go for at least a million dollars.
A. is expected
B. expects
C. expected
D. is expecting
[考场错解] D
[专家把脉] 句意为:按绘画经纪人的话来说，这幅画预料至少值100万美元。句子的主语是painting，不能发出预料的动作，应该是“被指望、被预料”，所以用被动语态。
[对症下药] A
5.(典型例题)The mayor of Beijing says that all construction work for the Beijing Olympics __ by 2007.
A. has been completed
B. has completed
C. will have been completed
D. will have completed
[考场错解] D
[专家把脉] 题干中有明显的时间状语by 2007，是一个将来的时间。短语by+将来的时间和将来完成时连用，同时construction和complete是被动关系，故用将来完成时的被动语态形式。
[对症下药] C
6.(典型例题)Why don’t you put the meat in the fridge? It will fresh for several days.
A. be stayed
B. stay
C. be staying
D. have stayed
[考场错解] A
[专家把脉] 一方面题干的意思说明“可以保留好几天”，是将来时态，一方面动词stay这里用作连系动词，不能用于被动语态，所以选B。
[对症下药] B
专家会诊
1.在口语和非正式场合下为了强调动作，常用“get+过去分词”结构。有时带有不愉快、不顺利的含义。其否定和疑问句要借助动词do来构成。有时也会出现“become+过去分词”的结构。
例如:
He got wounded in a battle.
She got married last week.
The patient gets treated once a week.
Did you get scolded yesterday?
He became seized with a deep sorrow.
2.短语动词和含有情态动词的被动语态形式短语动词的被动结构中，构成短语动词的介词或副词不能省略。情态动词的被动语态形式是:情态动词+ be + 过去分词。
例如:
The old woman was often laughed at.
The doctor has been sent for.
Time must be made good use of.
The plan will be given up.
Bad habits have been done away with.
The plan ought to be put into practice as soon as possible.
3.主动形式表示被动意义的情况:
1)某些连系动词的主动形式表示被动意义，如look(看上去)，smell，taste，sound，feel，appear (似乎)，prove(证明)，后面接形容词或名词做表语。例如:
The roses smell sweet.
The theory proved true.
The examination turned out easy.
2)某些具有及物意义的不及物动词的主动形式表示被动意义，如read，write，translate，record，lock，shut，open，wash，clean，run，sell等，此时主语大多指物，并且一般和副词连用。例如: Your composition reads well.
His voice records well.
The door locks easily.
The coat wears well.
3)表示开始、结束、运动的动词，如begin，finish，start，open，close，stop，end，shut，rna，move 等。例如
Work began at 7o’clock this morning.
The shop closes at 6 p.m. everyday.
4)少数动词用于进行时，主动形式表示被动含义，如print，build，cook，fly，hang，make等。例如:
The books are printing.
The meat is cooking.
My coat is hanging behind the door.
(5)某些不及物动词(短语)的主动形式表示被动的意义。常见的有:happen，take place，break out，belong to，go out，run out等。例如:
The accident happened yesterday evening.
The Anti -Japanese War broke out in 1937.
The fire went out gradually.
All of our food has run out.
考场思维训练
1 —the Christmas card Mr. White ?
—No. It’s still on the desk.
A. Has; given
B. Was; given
C. Has; been given
D. Will; be given
答案: C
解析:强调有没有被送去。
2 Only when your identity has been checked, __.
A. you are allowed in
B. you will be allowed in
C. will you allow in
D. will you be allowed
in
答案: D
解析:将来的事情，被许可。
3 —Do you know anyone in Paris?
—No, but I’ll make friends once __
A. I’m settled
B. I’ll be settled
C. I’ve been settled
D. I had settled
答案: A
解析:动作并未发生，不能用完成时，这里be settled表示状态。
4 The high stand ard of the nation’s literature and art __ widespread attention.
A. was attracted
B. have attracted
C. has attracted
D. has been attracted
答案: C
解析:表示“某事吸引某事”，主动代替被动，同时主语是不可数名词standard。
5 Slowly the old woman took out her pocket book, and an old photograph __ out of it.
A. dropped
B. was dropped
C. was dropping
D. had been dropped
答案: A
解析:这里drop是不及物动词。
6 These shoes are of high quality and __ long.
A. are worn
B. are wearing
C. are worn out
D. wear
答案: D
解析:表示穿的时间长，主动代替被动。
命题角度3 情态动词+have+过去分词结构
1 (典型例题) When the old man __ to walk back to his house, the sun __ itself behind the mountain.
A. started; had already hidden
B. had started; had already hidden
C. had started; was hiding
D. was starting; hid
[考场错解] D
[专家把脉] 如果误解为“was／were doing... when...”(即将…突然…)句型，就会错选D。从句意看hide 的动作在start之前就已经开始了，应当用过去完成时来表示过去的过去。
[对症下药] A
2.(典型例题京)Scientists think that the continents __ where they __ today.
A. aren’t; are
B. aren’t; were
C. weren’t; are
D. weren’t; were
[考场错解] A
[专家把脉] 单纯看时间状语好像是用现在时态，但语境告诉我们的是今天各个大陆板块的位置与过去的不同，因此，前者是一般过去时，后者才是一般现在时。
[对症下药] C
3.(典型例题) Let’s keep to the point or we __ any decisions.
A. will never reach
B. have never reached
C. never reach
D. never reached [考场错解] C
[专家把脉] 考查“祈使句+ or／and + 陈述句”结构的用法。一般陈述句中是一般将来时。根据本句的意思:咱们还是抓住要点(别跑题)，否则就永远得不出结论(做不出决定)，应选一般将来时。
[对症下药] A
4.(典型例题)That was really a splendid evening. It’s years __ I enjoy ed myself so much.
A. when
B. that
C. before
D. since
[考场错解] A
[专家把脉] 看起来似乎是连接词的选择，，本题暗含了句型“It is／has been+一段时间+since从句”，且since从句中一般用一般过去时，如果前面是was，则since从句中用过去完成时。
[对症下药] D
专家会诊
固定句式中的时态和语态的情况:
1.在if, unlless，evenif 引导的条件状语从句中，在when，until(till)，as soon ss，the moment，once引导的时间状语从句中，no mater what／who／which／when／where／how或whatever／whoever／whichever ／whenever／wherever／however引导的让步状语从句中，如果主句是将来时(往往出现wilL／shall／can ／must)或主句是祈使句，从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。例如:
I’ll not go unless I am invited..
Tell him the news as soon as he comes.
2. “be + to do”表示拟订或计划中将发生的行为或按职责义务必须去做的事情；“be about to do”表示即将发生的事，句中一般不使用时间状语。例如:
All the questions are to be answered at once.(表示拟订的事情)
No one is to leave the room without the permission of the police.(表示按职责必须做的事)
They are about to leave tonight.(错误，去掉tonight)
3.语境中的过去时，往往表示“刚才，刚刚”的意思，暗示现在已“不再这样”。例如:
I don’t knew you were here.(说话时已经知道了你在这儿)
I never thought he would do that.(说话时已经知道了他会这样做)
4.表示愿望、打算一类的词，如hope，expect，mean，intend，want，think，suppose，want等，其过去完成时表示过去未曾实现的愿望或意图。例如:
I had hoped to see more of NewYork.(实际上没能实现)
I had meant to help you，but I was too busy at that moment.(本来打算帮你，但没有实现)
I had thought that he would come tomorrow. (结果是他明天不能来)
5.三个特殊句式的固定时态。
(1)This／It is the first／second...time + that从句。从句中一般用现在完成时，前面的is为was时，则
用过去完成时。例如:
This the firsr time I have come to the famous city.
It was the forth time he had made the same mistake.
(2)It is／has been + 一段时间+ since从句。since从句中一般用一般过去时，如果前面是was，则since 从句中用过去完成时。例如:
It was ten years since we had had such a wonderful time.
(3)It + be + 一段时间+ before从句。如果主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时表示将来，意思是多长时间后即将发生某事；如果主句用过去时，从句也用过去时，意思是多长时间后发生了某事。例如: It won’t be long before he succeeds.(要不了多久他就会成功)
It was ten years before they met again.(十年后,他们又见面了)
考场思维训练
1 The cell phone I ____ I is on the back seat of my ear.
A. thought; had lost
B. think; had lost
C. thought; have lost
D. think; lost
答案: A
解析:见固定句式中的时态用法。
2 —Alice. you looked puzzled. Have you understood it?
—Yes. I another problem just now.
A. have thought of
B. am thinking of
C. had thought of
D. Was thinking of
答案: D
解析:暗示现在没有想了。
3 ____ I toured Zhangjiajie, I was deeply impressed with its beautiful scenery.
A. For the first time
B. At first
C. It was the first time
D. The first time
答案: D
解析:The first time引导时间状语从句。
探究开放题预测
预测角度1 动词时态是高中语法的重点和难点，当然也就是高考的命题热点了。判断时态的关键在于正确认定行为动作发生的时间。根据时间状语直接地判断时态比较简单，但必须牢牢掌握
与各种时态连用的时间状语。同时，正确分析试题的肘态语境是非常重要的。这里的“语
境”是指上下文的时间信息，或呈题干所提供的对话，或是单句，找出信息词，确定行为
动作发生的时间，从而判断句子的时态。这仍然是命题的焦点。
1.At this time tomorrow, at home with a cup of tea.
A. I am going to watch TV
B. I will be watching TV
C. I’ 11 watch TV
D. I’m to watch TV
[解题思路] 从题干的时间状语At this time tomorrow可知，应该是“明天的这个时候”在干什么，所以用将来进行时而A、C、D项都表示将来时间，be going用于已经决定的事情或将来肯定会发生的事情，shall ／will do用于预料将要发生的事情，be to do用于计划、安排将要做的事情，不符合题意
[解答] B
2.—Hey, boy! l,ook where you are going!
—Oh, l’m terrihly sorry, ___ .
A. I’m not noticing
B. I wasn’t noticing
C. I am not uoticed
D. I don’t noticed
[解题思路] 题干中没有明显的时间状语，但从I’m terribly sorry可知，是在提醒下现在知道了自己的错误，没有“notice”是过去的事情，所以还是用过去进行时
[解答] B
3.All the preparations for lhe task . and they’re ready to start.
A. cnmpleted
B. complete
C. had been cumpleted
D. have been completed
[解题思路] 句子的后半部分是and引导的并列句，句意是:他们准备开始了，并且所有的准备工作已经做好了，符合现在完成时的含义和用法
[解答] D
考点高分解题综合训练
I.单项选择
1 I used to drink a lot of coffee but these days I __ tea.
A. prefer
B. am preferring
C. preferred
D. have preferred
答案: A
解析:一般现在时表示现在的状况。
2 —Do you know when she
—Sorry, I don’t, but I’ll let you know when she?
A. comes; comes
B. comes; will come
C. will come; will come
D. will come; comes 答案: D
解析:前者宾语从句，将来时；后者状语从句，现在时代替将来时。
3 —How is she getting along with her English study?
—Sorry, I don’t know, because I her as much as I used to for almost two years.
A. haven’t met
B. didn’t meet
C. am not meeting
D. don’t meet
答案: A
解析:时间状语for almost two years是完成时的标志。
4 —Do you know what Tom does all day?
—I know he spends at least as much time watching TV as he his lessons.
A. is doing
B. does
C. spends in
D. does doing
答案: D
解析:does doing体现了spend + 时间+ in doing sth.
5 In order to protect the drinking water area, __ .
A. the villagers will plant many trees
B. many trees will be planted
C. planting many trees is necessary
D. it’s necessary for the villagers to plant many trees
答案: A
解析:逻辑上要保持一致。
6 Mr. Wang told ne that four-fifths d the houses __ .
A. have been sold out
B. had been sold out
C. were sold out
D. was sold out 答案: B
解析:told是过去时，从句为过去完成时，sell out“售完”，强调被动。
7 I know Jack spends at least as much time reading as he .
A. does writing
B. is writing
C. writes
D. does to write
答案: A
解析:从句中does代替spend.
8 Look! There is a whole crowd of people over there. Go and see what __ and if it is a bargain, buy it.
A. is being sold
B. has been sold
C. is selling
D. has been sold
答案: A
解析:由句意可知被动的动作正在发生，用现在进行时的被动语态。
9 —What happened to her teeth?
—She __ the apple more than she could chew.
A. bites
B. was biting
C. bit
D. has bitten
答案: A
解析:“bite”的动作发生在过去。
10 —Very did you arrived so late?
—I’m sorry, but I the road to be so icy.
A. wouldn’t expect
B. haven’t expected
C. hadn’t expected
D. wash’t expecting
答案: C
解析:没有料到的动作在arrived之前，即“过去的过去”。
11 —Why did you come by taxi?
—My bike broke down last night and I it repaired.
A. didn’t have
B. don’t have
C. don’t had
D. haven’t had
答案: D
解析:过去坏了但还没有修理造成了影响，现在完成时。
12 —Is Bill playing beth football and basketball for the school?
—He .Unfortunately he’s now given up football.
A. is
B. has
C. was
D. had
答案: C
解析:由下句可知，过去踢球(was playing)。
13 —What were you doing when I phoned you last night?
—I __ my paper and was beginning to take a bath.
A. have finished
B. had finished
C. was finishing
D. finished
答案: B
解析:finish发生在过去的动作(was beginning to take a bath)之前。
14 —I wonder what has become of your company?
—? It is as good as ruined because of bad management.
A. Don’t you hear about it
B. Haven’t you heard about it
C. Didn’t you hear about it
D. Hadn’t you heard about it
答案: B
15 The truth, Sir, is that the old man __ across the street when my car hit him.
A. was to walk
B. had been walking
C. walked
D. was walked
答案: B
解析:意思是“车撞上他时，他正在过马路”。
16 What is all this excitement about? You a fuss about nothing.
A. have made
B. are making
C. will make
D. were making
答案: B
解析:从前文推断。
17 —Why haven’t I seen Mary recently?
—Oh, because it is two weeks since she __ here.
A. lived
B. got
C. has lived
D. had got
答案: A
解析:句意是“她已两周不在这里住了”，从句是一般过去时。
18 He kept looking at her, wondering he __ her somewhere.
A. saw
B. has seen
C. sees
D. had seen
答案: D
解析:强调过去的过去。
19 —You are late for the examination.
—Sorry! I should have been here on time but I __ in the traffic jam.
A. was caught
B. caught
C. had caught
D. have been caught
答案: A
解析:be caugh in“碰上”。
20 —The twins will fly to London with their parents this afternoon?
—No. In fact, their plane __ from Shanghai ahead of time.
A. has taken off
B. will take off
C. is taken off
D. is being take off
答案: A
解析:根据题意，飞机已提前起飞，用现在完成时。
21 —Why do you look worried?
—Jane left the company half a month ago. Her work unfinished since.
A. left
B. was left
C. has left
D. has been left
答案: D
解析:since后省略了half a month ago，所以用完成时，work和leave是被动关系。
22 By the time he arrives here, we __ here for three months.
A. have been staying
B. have stayed
C. shall stay
D. will have stayed
答案: D
解析:时间状语By the time he arrives here，将来完成时。
23 —Have you thought of a topic for your article yet?
—No, I __ a lot about it, but I haven’t decided.
A. will think
B. have been thinking
C. had thought
D. was thinking
答案: B
解析:“到现在一直在想”，现在完成进行时。
24 —What’s wrong with your mobile phone? I can’t get through.
—Oh, the communication company cut off my line, because I __ my bill.
A. haven’t paid
B. hadn’t paid
C. ean’t pay
D. don’t pay
答案: B
解析:没有缴费发生在过去的过去。
25 With the development of science, more new technology to the fields of IT.
A. has introduced
B. is being introduced
C. is introdueed
D. was introduced
答案: B
解析:“新技术正在被引进”，进行时的被动语态。
26By the time I saw the angry expression on his face, I __ exactly what I was having to face. But not for a moment __ I
should quit.
A. have known; had I thought
B. would know; I would think
C. knew; did I think
D. had known; I thought
答案: C
解析:题干是一个过去的时间背景，后者否定意义开头，用部分倒装形式。
27 About 170 people __ dozens more __after a flood hit an Indonesian village last week.
A. were killed; are still missing
B. have been killed; were still missing
C. are killed; are still missing
D. had been killed; were still missing
答案: A
解析:前者kill是过去的事情，后者仍然是在失踪之中。
28 He must be getting thin, for his trousers __ badly like a flag in the wind.
A. are flowing
B. flow
C. flowed
D. have flowed
答案: A
解析:强调此时正在风中飞舞。
29 The fire __ four hours before it was completely controlled.
A. lasted
B. was lasted
C. has lasted
D. had been lasted
答案: C
解析:last表示“持续，维持”，一般不用于被动语态，动作发生在过去的过去。
30 Thousands and thousands of slaves in America __ , so they called for freedom of all slaves and
still they are fighting for their rights.
A. had beaten to death
B. were beaten to death
C. had been beaten to death
D. have been beaten to death
答案: C
解析:短语beat sb.to death的主语是人时，常用被动，这里强调过去的动作对现在的影响，现在完成时。31 —Have you read Gone With the Wind?
—Yes. While in America, I __ it a couple of times.
A. have read
B. read
C. had read
D. would read
答案: B
解析:前句说在美国时，所以是一般过去的动作。
32 When will you be back?
—Well, it won’t be__ I __ to stay with you again.
A. long before; return
B. before long; will return
C. long after; return
D. long after; will return 答案: A
解析:在句型It won’t long before...中，从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
33 Every teacher every student __ to come to class at once.
A. have told
B. has told
C. have been told
D. has been told
解析:Every teacher every student做主语时，谓语动词用单数。
34 Mike’s father hopes Mike __ to the party as he often gets drunk.
A. isn’t going
B. doesn’t go
C. wouldn’t go
D. not to go
答案: A
解析:hope不能接宾补，B、C时态错误。
35 Mr.Baker __ to arrive in London on Tuesday, but he did not get there __ Friday.
A. hoped; on
B. hoped; until
C. had hoped; on
D. had hoped; until
答案: D
解析:表示愿望、打算一类的动词用过去完成时来表示与事实相反。
36 __ you __ to the radio?
—No, you can turn it off.
A. Did; listen
B. Have; listened
C. Will; listen
D. Are; listening
答案: D
解析:从turn off来看是说正在进行的动作。
37 The Olympic Games, first celebrated in Athens in 1896, every four years so far this century, except
during the two world wars.
A. are held
B. were held
C. have been held
D. had been held
答案: C
解析:时间状语so far.
38 Don’t take his remarks too seriously. He was so sad that I don’t think he really __ what he was saying.
A. knew
B. knows
C. was knowing
D. bad known
答案: A
39 —I saw that new film yesterday.
—Did you? I __ it yet.
A. didn’t see
B. hadn’t seen
C. haven’t seen
D. not saw
答案: C
解析:“我还没有看”，现在完成时。
40 John and I __ friends for eight years. We first got to know each other at a Christmas Party. But we __ each
other a couple of times before that.
A. had been; have seen
B.have been; have seen
C. had been; had seen
D. have been; had seen
解析:第一空表示到目前为止，现在完成时；第二空受before that的影响，表示过去的过去。
41 There was water everywhere, and it __ ali day.
A. rained
B. was mining
C. had been raining
D. have rained
答案: C
解析:表示过去某个时刻开始一直处于的状态。
42 —Could you take a message for Mr. Brown?
—Certainly. I __ him about something else in any case, so it __ any bother.
A. may see; isn’t
B. see; won’t be
C. will see; is
D. will be seeing; won’t be
答案: D
43 —I’ve bought a box of chocolates for our daughter.
—Oh, how good a dad! But she deosn’t like sweet things,that?
A. don’t you know
B. haven’t you known
C. didn’t you know
D. hadn’t you known
答案: C
解析:“难道你不知道”，故用过去时。
44 With a covering of ice in the plastic box, these fish will __ fresh overnight.
A. keep
B. be stayed
C. have kept
D. be staying
答案: A
45 —Look! Someone has spilt coffee on the carpet.
—Well, it me.
A. isn’t
B. wasn’t
C. hasn’t been
D. hadn’t been
答案: B
解析:事情发生在过去。
46 —It is said that all the people trapped in the mine have been saved.
—It’s not true. In fact, the rescue.
A. has carried ont
B. has been carried ont
C. is going on
D. is being going on 答案: C
解析:营救正在进行中，go on无被动语态。
47 You are a naughty boy. I’d rather you just __in bed and __ anything for at least two days.
A. stayed; did
B. s tay; don’t
C. stayed; don’t do
D. stayed; didn’t do
答案: D
中考英语易错题集锦 一、名词、冠词 1.– What can I do for you? -- I’d like two _______. A. box of apple B. boxes of apples C. box of apples D. boxes of apple 答案: B. (选择其它三项的同学要注意仔细看题.不要马虎, 这里box 和apple都是可数名词) 2.Help yourself to _________. A. some chickens B. a chicken C. some chicken D. any chicken 答案: C (选择A的同学要注意chicken当鸡肉讲时不可数) 3..________ it is today! A. What fine weather B. What a fine weather C. How a fine weather D. How fine a weather 答案: A. (选择B的同学要注意weather不可数. 选择C和D的同学要注意weather是名词, 要用what来感叹.) 4.Which is the way to the __________? A. shoe factory B. shoes factory C. shoe’s factory D. shoes’ factory 答案: A. (选择D的同学注意这里不是指名词所有格, 而是名词作形容词的用法.类似的用法如: pencil box; school bag等.) 5.This class ________ now. Miss Gao teaches them. A. are studying B. is studying C. be studying D. studying 答案: A. (选择B的同学要注意, 当这种概念名词当“人”讲的时候要做复数处理.类似的还有: the police are running after the thief等) 6.We will have a _________ holiday after the exam. A. two month B. two-month C. two mo nth’s D. two-months
一、选择题 1．It’s _______today．I think it’s going to________． A．cloud，rain B．cloudy，raining C．cloudy，rain D．cloudy，rainy 2．—Rose, can you give me a hand? —Just a minute. I ______ the followers. A．am watering B．have watered C．watered D．water 3．We’re not sure _______ there’ll be _______ or not tomorrow. A．if; rains B．if; rainy C．whether; raining D．whether; rain 4．No noise, please. Your brother ________ his homework in the next room. A．does B．is doing C．did D．has done 5．Wang Wei often ________ TV on Sunday evenings, but now he is _______ stories. A．watches; reading B．watching; reads C．looks; reading D．watches; looking 6．Monica, you ______ the exam! Congratulation! A．pass B．have passed C．will pass D．are passing 7．Which of the following is right? A．He is used to live there. B．My main job is spreading the message about protecting the environment. C．I have borrowed the book from the library for two weeks. D．Kids under 18 are not allowed to drive. 8．I like this dress very much. It soft and smooth. A．feels B．touches C．is felt D．is touched 9．—________ a remake (翻拍) of the famous Disney movie Lion King in July, 2019. — Really? I can't wait to see it. A．There will have B．There is going to have C．There will be 10．—I'm sorry. There was too much traffic on the road. —Never mind. The meeting________for only 5 minutes. A．has begun B．has stopped C．has been on 11．—How much is the ticket (票) to Central Park? —One ticket $40, and you can $80 for two persons. A．costs; pay B．cost; spend C．pay; spend D．spends; pay 12．My grandfather ________ live in the countryside, but now he ________ living in the city. A．used to; used to B．was used to; gets used to C．used to; is used to D．was used to; used to
一、选择题 1．They the English role play for the show last night. A．will practice B．practiced C．is practicing D．have practiced 2．—Surprise! Cindy is singing in the concert. —But she ______. A．will refuse B．refused C．refuses D．has refuse 3．W e’re not sure _______ there’ll be _______ or not tomorrow. A．if; rains B．if; rainy C．whether; raining D．whether; rain 4．— Where can I find Jack? — He __________ to the post office. A．goes B．has gone C．has been D．will go 5．No noise, please. Your brother ________ his homework in the next room. A．does B．is doing C．did D．has done 6．— Look at my new watch. —Well, it’s so cool! When and where________you buy it? A．Do B．will C．did D．Are 7．It ________ heavily when I left the movie theater. A．rains B．was raining C．is raining D．will rain 8．Wang Wei often ________ TV on Sunday evenings, but now he is _______ stories. A．watches; reading B．watching; reads C．looks; reading D．watches; looking 9．I like this dress very much. It soft and smooth. A．feels B．touches C．is felt D．is touched 10．Doctor Ray, as well as other scientists __________ trees for nearly 15 years, but they know only a little about them. A．study B．studies C．has studied D．have studied 11．—I called you at three yesterday afternoon, but you weren’t in. —I ________ a meeting at that time. A．had B．was having C．have had D．would have 12．Becky took a photo of her friends while they _________ computer games. A．play B．are playing C．were playing D．have played 13．Alice always________her notebooks. She is not tidy. A．lose B．lost C．loses D．found 14．When I was young, my mother ___________ by my side all the time. A．stays B．is staying C．stayed D．will stay 15．Nick's brother________the navy in 2011and ________the navy since then. A．joined; has joined B．joined in; has joined in C．joined in; has been in D．joined; has been in
（英语）高考英语易错题专题三一般过去时(含解析) 一、单项选择一般过去时 1．When I___ to the cinema, the film___ for 5 minutes. A．got, had begun B．get, will begin C．got, had been on D．got, has been on 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考查时态。句意：当我到达电影院时，电影已经开始了五分钟。for five minutes为一段时间要求谓语动词要用延续性动词，故A和B先排除，而从句的动作发生在主句动作之后，从句用一般过去时态，主句用过去完成时态。故选C。 2．Typhoon Hato brought powerful winds and flooding to the region of southeast China and several deaths on the storm in August, 2017. A．were blamed B．would be blamed C．had been blamed D．have been blamed 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：2017年8月台风“天鸽‘给中国东南部地区带来强风和洪水，暴风雨导致几人死亡。根据句中明显的过去的时间状语August, 2017，可知用一般过去时。故选A。 3．They ________ in Holland for ten years. Now they have settled down in Paris. A．lived B．have lived C．had lived D．were living 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 考查动词时态。句意：他们在荷兰生活过十年。现在他们定居在巴黎。根据后句中的现在完成时态可知，他们在荷兰生活是单纯发生的过去的事情，所以应该用一般过去时，故选A。 4．His earlier concert in Shanghai____a big success.It was the first time the Taiwan singer____a concert on the mainland. A．is;held B．was;held C．had been;would hold D．was;had held 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 考查时态。句意：他早些时候在上海的演唱会非常成功。这是这位台湾歌手第一次在大陆举办音乐会。第一空：根据句意可知，此处描述的是过去的事情，应使用一般过去时；第
18年中考英语易错题汇编 1. ---We?ll do what we can ____English well this term. ---It?s high time for you to work hard. A. study B. to study C. be studied D. be studying 答案：A， 解析：因为大家知道情态动词后接动词原形，但是请大家分析下句子的成分，这里的what we can 实际省略了do，这个what we can do 在句子中作宾语从句。正确答案是B，用动词不定式作目的状语。后面回答的it's time for sb.to do sth.....对某人来说是时候去做...这是固定用法。 2. ---I don?t think your team can beat theirs. ---____. But we could if Lin Tao were on the team. A. No, we can?t B. Yes, we can?t C. Yes, we can D. No, we can 答案：A， 解析：在think，believe这类词接的宾语从句，否定要提前。而对于否定句的回答，与习惯相反，yes是“不”no 是“是的”B,D结构不正确，首先要排除。而我们看后面的BUT，表示转折，说明回答者的队没有打赢。那么就是we can't. 正确答案是A。翻译为“是的，我们没有赢” 3. ---Have you finished your work yet? ---No, not yet. I think it?ll take _____ ten minutes. A. another B. other C. others D. more 答案：A， 解析：another +数词+名词固定用法，another表示“另外的，再” 根据题目意思，可以判断是需要再花10分钟，所以答案是A。 4.Roy made several kites, but _____ of them can fly high in the sky A.neither B. none C. all D. most 答案：B， 解析：neither "两者中任何一个都不" all "三者或三者以上都" most"大部分" 根据题目意思，只有none表示“一个都没有”没有确定的数量，不知道是2个还是3个或3个以上。 5. ---Will you be back ____ five in the afternoon? ---I?m not sure, maybe later than that. A. in B. before C. for D. until 答案：B， 解析:in 只能接一段时间，before "在...之前" for 接一段时间，until“直到...."答案为B。 6. ---I?m sorry to have kept you waiting long. ---Never mind. I ____ here for only a few minutes. A. have been B. have come C. have arrived D. waited 答案：A，
一、选择题 1．The engineers __________a new computer in our classroom the whole yesterday morning, so we had our classes in the school hall. A．were fixing B．fixed C．have fixed D．are fixing 2．— Where can I find Jack? — He __________ to the post office. A．goes B．has gone C．has been D．will go 3．— How about going for a drive, Mike? — One moment, please! I __________ cleaning our room soon. A．will finish B．have finished C．finish D．finishes 4．I________ cleaning my room.It’s clean now. A．have finished B．finished C．finish D．will finish 5．It ________ heavily when I left the movie theater. A．rains B．was raining C．is raining D．will rain 6．I like this dress very much. It soft and smooth. A．feels B．touches C．is felt D．is touched 7．My mother will be very angry with me when she out where I have been. A．finds B．found C．will find D．has found 8．— Morning, Mike! Did you sleep well last night? — Yes. I went to bed at 9:30 because there ______ a math test this afternoon. A．was B．will be C．is going to have 9．Doctor Ray, as well as other scientists __________ trees for nearly 15 years, but they know only a little about them. A．study B．studies C．has studied D．have studied 10．Alice always________her notebooks. She is not tidy. A．lose B．lost C．loses D．found 11．Jack ______ a good rest as soon as he finishes the exam. A．has B．had C．is having D．will have 12．—Listen！Who in the music room? —It must be Sally. She there every day. A．sings, sings B．is singing, sings C．sings, is singing 13．He to the zoo yesterday. A．goes B．go C．goed D．went 14．— How is your new coat? — Well, I __________ it on and it fits me well. A．try B．tried C．have tried D．had tried 15．While I_______ a detective story, someone_______ at the door． A．read, was knocking
语法填空动词时态易混易错题集 1. --- Oh, dear. I forgot the air tickets. --- You ______ always _______（leave）something. 2."When he _____(come) is not known yet." "But when he ____ (come), he will be warmly welcomed." 3. Remember to send me a photo of us next time you ______ （write）to me. 4. I first met Tom ten years ago. He ______ (work) in a radio factory at that time. 5. --- Have you finished the report? --- No. I ______ (do) it all this week. 6.I can guess you were in a hurry. You ______(wear) your sweater inside out. 7.--- We ______ (expect) that you would fix the TV set this week. --- I’m sorry. I ______ (intend) to fix it this week, but I’ve been too busy. 8.They won’t buy new clothes because they ______ (save) money to buy a new house. 9.The traffic in our city is already good and it ______ (get) even better. 10.I know Mr. Brown; we ______ (introduce) to each other at an international conference.
初中英语时态易错题 一、用所给词的正确形式填空。 4、The earth ________(turn) round the sun. 5、Our teacher told us the moon __ (go )round the earth and light __ (travel) faster than sound. 6、I won’t go out if it ______ (rain) tomorrow. If it （not rain）,I (stay) at home. 7、As soon as the bell ______ (ring), the students often run out of the classroom. 8、It’s 8:00 now .They ______（have）an art lesson. 9、Look at the clouds in the sky. It _________ (rain). 10、________(read) the following words loudly, please. ________(read) is beneficial. 11、It ________(happen) ten years ago. Great changes _______ （take ）place during the last 30 years . 12、These days we __________ (collect) stamps. 13、______you_______（travel） on a train ? No, never. 14、Miss Deng is the most charming lady that I ______ ever______ (know) 15、My father _________（be） there twice before. He ____ (go) there in 2000 and 2006. 16、----______ you_______（finish）your work ? ---Yes. I _____（finish）it half an hour ago. 17、---_______ you_______(arrive) ? ----No. I______(arrive) in 10 minutes. 18、---When ______you______(go) to bed? ---Ｔen minutes later. 19、They _______(move) to Shanghai in 2003. 20、My father ____just ____(come) back from work. He is tired now. 21、---Where's Li Ming .---He__________(go)to the teacher's office. 22、So far I _______(make) quite a few friends here. 23、Chongqing_____(be) a small town hundreds of years ago. Now it ________ (become) a large city. 24、---How long ______the Wangs _________(stay) here？--- For two weeks. 25、Mother _______ (buy) me a new coat yesterday. I _______ (try )it on. It fits me well. 26、---"Why ______ she ______（get）angry "---"Because he _______(shout)at her just now. 27、----____you _____(see)the film before? ---Yes. Where_____ you ____(see) it. 28、---Where ______ John _______（go）? ---To the library. He _____(be)there for an hour. 29、I ______（know）the way. I ______（be） here for many years. 30、You ___________(keep)me waiting for two hours. I ________ (wait) for you since five. 31、My aunt ___________(live) in Australia since 15 days ago.
中考英语易错题分类汇编解析单项选择易错题 1 What do you think ______solve the problem ? A you can do B can you do C you can do to D can you do to 2 In the past he often made his sister____, but now he is often made ___by his sister. A to cry; to cry B cry; cry C to cry; cry D cry; to cry 3 The teacher told us that the sun ____in the east. A rises B rose C raises D raised 4 He lives in a village _____there are a lot of trees. A there B where C that D which 5 He _________ Alice for ten years. A married to B has married to C has married D has been married to 6 We need fifteen more people _____our team to do the job. A but B except C as well D besides 7 They won’t allow us ________ at this beach.
A swimming B to swim C swam D swim 8 Is this factory ______you visited last week? A that B where C the one D in which 9 The reason ____he was absent from the meeting was ____his car broke down on the way. A that; because B why; that C that; that D for; that 10 Is the river_____ through that town very large? A which flows B flows C that flowing D whose flows 11 The teacher told me that the students I wanted to see were seen___ football on the playground just now. A playing B to be playing C play D to play 12 The red rose is the only one _____I real like. A which B who C that D whom 13 All the apples _____ fell down were eaten by the pigs. A those B which C what D that 14 Don’t forget th e day ______you were received into the Youth League.
一、选择题 1．If Tina _____ at home tomorrow, I _____ her. A．is staying, will visit B．stays, will visit C．will stay, visit 2．My grandfather ________ live in the countryside, but now he ________ living in the city. A．used to; used to B．was used to; gets used to C．used to; is used to D．was used to; used to 3．—Listen！Who in the music room? —It must be Sally. She there every day. A．sings, sings B．is singing, sings C．sings, is singing 4．—Rose, can you give me a hand? —Just a minute. I ______ the followers. A．am watering B．have watered C．watered D．water 5．— Look at my new watch. —Well, it’s so cool! When and where________you buy it? A．Do B．will C．did D．Are 6．I________ cleaning my room.It’s clean now. A．have finished B．finished C．finish D．will finish 7．Dick __________ in America, but he has been ___________ Chinese food since he moved to China. A．used to live; used to eating B．is used to live; used to eat C．is used to live; used to eating D．used to living; used to eat 8．I like this dress very much. It soft and smooth. A．feels B．touches C．is felt D．is touched 9．—I called you at three yesterday afternoon, but you weren’t in. —I ________ a meeting at that time. A．had B．was having C．have had D．would have 10．Alice always________her notebooks. She is not tidy. A．lose B．lost C．loses D．found 11．Nick's brother________the navy in 2011and ________the navy since then. A．joined; has joined B．joined in; has joined in C．joined in; has been in D．joined; has been in 12．—How long have you________? —For 10 years, we got married in 2005. A．married B．got married C．been married D．were married 13．— Look after yourself on your way to Gungzhou,dear.
时态语态易错题 1. What were you doing at 9 o’clock yesterday evening? —I had just finished my homework and______. A. was started to watch TV B. start to watch TV C. was starting to watch TV D. starting to watch TV 2. —Which hotel are you in? —I ______ in a hotel. A friend I met on the train from the south ____ to put me up for a couple of nights. A. ha ven’t stayed; has offered B. am not staying; offered C. am not staying; is offering D. didn’t stay; offers 3. Nowadays, cell phones have features such as games, music and electronic calendars and more new functions _______. A. are added B. have added C. are being added D. have been added 4. Rose is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at Sunshine School, where she_______ English for a year. A. studies B. studied C. is studying D. has been studying 5. The dress bought by my aunt yesterday in the shop _____ easily. A. is washed B. washed C. was washed D. washes 6. —Jack is ill in hospital. —Really, I _______ him right now. A. will visit B. am going to visit C. am to visit D. am about to visit 7. —Have you seen the film? —Yes. I _______ it three times when I was in Tokyo. A. saw B. had seen C. have seen D. was seeing 8.—What’s your opinion about my suggestion? —Sorry, I _______. Would you please say it again? A. hadn’t liste ned B. wouldn’t listen C. wasn’t listening D. didn’t listen 9. My money ______. I must go to the bank to draw some of my savings out before I’ve none in hand. A. has run out B. is running out C. has been run out D. is being running out 10. —It’s many years since I saw you last time. I _______ you at all. —I wouldn’t have, either, if someone ________ you by the name. A. didn’t recognize; hadn’t called B. didn’t recognize; didn’t call C. haven't recognized; didn't call D. recognized; had called 11. —Why do you look so worried?—My computer broke down and my essay _______ unfinished since. A. was left B. has left C. left D. has been left 12. —Another cup of coffe e? That’s your third since lunch. —Yeah, well, I _______ all night preparing for my history exam. I can hardly keep my eyes open. A. stayed up B. have stayed up C. have been stayed up D. will stay up 13. —What were you up to when your parents came in？—I ____ for a while and _______ some readi A. was playing; was going to do B. played; did C. had played; was going to do D. had played; did 14. The telephone _______ four times in the last 20 minutes, and each time it ____ for my roommates. A. rang; has been B. has been ringing; is C. had rung; was D. has rung; was 15.—Ann is in hospital.—Oh, really? I _____ know. I _____ go and visit her. A. didn’t; am going to B. don’t; would C. don’t; will D. didn’t; will 16. After a fire broke out in the lab, a lot of equipment . A. is damage B. had damaged C. damaged D. was damaged 17. The last half of the nineteenth century ______ the steady improvement in the means of travel. A. has witnessed B. was witnessed C. witnessed D. is witnessed 18.—Nancy is not coming tonight. —But she______. A. promised B. has promised C. had promised D. will promise 19. In some parts of the world, tea ______ with milk and sugar. A. is serving B. is served C. serves D. served 20. —Ok, let’s have a dictation today. —Oh, no, please don’t.— Why, ____ I ______ you yesterday? A. haven’t; told B. hadn’t; told C. didn’t; tell D. don’t; tell 21. In such dry weather the flowers will have to be watered if they ______. A. have survived B. are to survive C. would survive D. will survive 22. He was hoping to go abroad but his parents ______ that they won’t support him unless he can borrow money from the bank.