Part 1. Warming up
重点单词
1. And what qualities does a great person have?
quality 质量；品质；性质
观察思考
Much of the land was of poor quality. 这块地大部分土质贫瘠。
She had many good qualities although she is a little rude.
她虽然有点粗鲁，但还有许多优秀品质。
2.mean
(1)adj. 吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的
She is too mean to make a donation. 她太小气不肯捐款。
(2)v. 意指某事，意思是；意欲，打算
That means wasting a lot of labor.那意味着浪费许多劳动力。
Really? I don’t mean to waste any labor. 是吗？我没打算浪费任何劳动力。.
常见搭配：mean to do sth. 打算做某事
mean doing sth. 意味着做某事
be mean to sb. 对某事刻薄
What do you mean by...? 你说/做...是什么意思？
be meant to do 要做，必须做eg.You are meant to leave a tip.你得留下小费。
be mean with/about 对...吝啬/小气eg.He is very mean with his money.
3. A great person is someone who devotes his/her life to helping others.
devote（与to连用）献身；专心于
(1)devote oneself to献身；致力；专心
devote...to...把……用于……
He devoted himself to his career. 他献身于自己的事业。
Please devote more time to your work. 请你把更多的时间用于工作。
(2)devoted adj.忠实的；深爱的 a devoted fan/ friend/supporter 忠实的粉丝/朋友/支持者devotion n.关爱，关照；奉献；忠诚
be devoted to深爱；致力于
即学即用
1._______ to his research work, the professor cared little about any other things.
A. Devoting
B. Devoted
C. Having devoted
D. To devote
2.He devoted himself ______ the poor.
A. helping
B. helped
C. to help
D. to helping
3.He made up his mind to devote his life to pollution from again.
A.preventing;happening
B.prevent;happen
C.preventing;happens
D.preventing;will happen
注意：devote...to...中的to为介词，后面跟动词的-ing形式，类似的短语还有：
object to 反对stick to 坚持lead to 引领，导致look forward to 盼望
get/be used to 习惯于get down to 开始认真做pay attention to 注意
get/be accustomed to 习惯于
Part 2. Pre-reading, reading and comprehending
1.He fought for black people and was in prison for almost thirty years.
fight 相关短语：
fight +n. 与....作战/ 打架= fight against sth
fight for 为了...而战
fight against 与...作战/ 斗争
fight with 与...作战/ 并肩作战
fight back 还击
fight sb/sth off 抵抗或击退
fight about/over sth 因…而争吵
eg.(1) fight a cold 抗感冒
(2) fight off repeated enemy attacks 击退敌人一次又一次的进攻
(3) fight for independence/ equal rights为了独立/平等权利而战
(4) fight against poverty/ injustice 与贫穷/不公正作斗争
(5) If the enemy comes, we’ll fight back. 如果敌人来，我们将还击。
(6) Two dogs are fighting over a bone. 两只狗在为一块骨头撕咬。
(7) We will have to fight against difficulties. 我们将不得不与困难作斗争。
fight with用于“与...作战”时，与fight against 大致同义，但用后者语气更强。除此用法外，fight with 还有一些其它的用法，此时不能与fight against 替换。如：The children fought with snow-balls. 孩子们打雪战。
England fought with France against Germany in World War I. 英国在第一次世界大战与法国一起对德作战。
比较：England fought with [against] France. 英国与法国作战。
prison相关短语
把...投进监狱put...in prison send...to prison throw/cast...into prison
go to prison 入狱be in prison 在狱中，被监禁be taken to prison 被关入监狱break(out of)prison越狱
以上短语都表示行为，所以prison前均不加冠词，若表示地点，则其前应加冠词。
如：
The young woman went to the prison to see her husband who was in prison then.那位年轻妇女去监狱探望那时在坐牢的丈夫。
其他类似用法：
go to school 去上学go to the school 到学校去
in church 在教堂做礼拜in the church 在教堂里
at table 在吃饭at the table 在餐桌旁
考题：While he was at ______ college, he took part in political activities, and was soon thrown into ______ prison. A. the; / B. /; the C. /; / D. the; the
答案是C。第一空表示上大学，第二空表示入狱，都不要冠词。
2. Mandela was the black lawyer to whom I went to for advice. 曼德拉就是我去向他请教的那个黑人律师。
advice 忠告, 劝告; 建议; 指点
(1) a piece of advice 一条建议
(2) She gave me some good advice on how to learn English. 她就如何学英语给了我一些好的建议。
(3) I think I'll take your advice and get the green dress. 我想我会接受你的建议，买那件绿裙子。
(4) Can I give you a piece of advice? 我能给你提一条建议吗？
(5) My advice is to go by train. 我的建议是坐火车去。
(6) We went to Paris on Sarah's advice. 我们依照萨拉的建议，去了巴黎。
advise verb
advise + n. The doctor advised a change of air. 医生建议换换空气。
advise sb. to do
advise doing
advise sb. on sth.
She advises the government on environmental issues.她是政府的环境问题顾问。
advise + wh- + to do
The pharmacist will advise which medicines are safe to take.药剂师会建议服用哪些药才安全。
advise + that sb ( should ) + do
advise sb. not to do sth.= advise sb. against doing sth.建议某人不要做某事
自测题：
（1）We are often advised _____ notes in class, but few do so.
A. taking
B. take
C. to take
D. took
（2）My sister advised me that I ______ accept the job.
A. would
B. might
C. could
D. should
（3）He often advised the young workers on ______ the machine and they learned quickly.
A. to operate
B. how operate
C. how operating
D. how to operate
（4）I advised _____ until the right time but they wouldn’t listen .
A. to wait
B. waiting
C. waited
D. on wait
（5）In one of his books, Marx gave some _______ how to learn English.
A. advices on
B. advice on
C. suggestion to
D. suggestions of
Keys : （1）C （2）D （3）D （4）B （5）B
3...,and I worried about whether I would become out of work.
out of work意为：失业。
out of business破产；歇业 out of control失控
out of repair失修 out of order有毛病
out of date过时 out of one’s reach够不着
out of danger脱险 out of question毫无疑问
out of the question不可能的 out of patience失去耐心
out of mind心不在焉
Out of sight,out of mind.［谚］眼不见，心不念。
（离久情疏）
即学即用
（1）他必须正视失业这一现实。
He must face the reality of .
（2）过期护照是无效的。
A passport that is is invalid.
4 The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all. 过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺我们的权利，阻挡我们的进步，一直到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。
句中have seen的主语是时间名词the last thirty years. 动词see, find, witness 等词由时间或地点名词作主语，以增添语言色彩，意为“(在某段时期或某地)发生（某情况），经历，经受”。
The city has seen many changes. 这座城市经历了许多变化。
Dusk found him crying in the street. 黄昏时发现他在街上哭。
5 Black people couldn’t vote or choose their leaders.
观察思考
The issue was put to the vote. 这一问题被付诸表决。
We’ll listen to the arguments on both sides and then vote on it.
我们将先听取双方的论点，然后再表决。
The whole team have voted me their captain.全体队员投票选我担任他们的队长。
归纳总结
vote n.投票；选票；表决；vt.& vi.投票；选举。
vote for赞成；投某人的票
vote against投票反对
vote out（以投票方式）罢免（某人）
vote down投票否决
vote on/upon对……投票表决
vote sth.through表决通过（提案等）
即学即用——用适当的介词填空
（1）I shall vote for (for/against) Bert because I think he’s the best man.
（2）As we can’t reach an agreement on this matter, let’s vote on (down/out/on) it. choose用法：
choose + n . 选中
choose +to do 决定；愿意
choose from / between 从…选择
choose sb. + as 选某人当…
choose sb. sth. = choose sth. for sb. 为某人选某物
choose + wh- + to do
cannot choose but to do 只好做----
(1) Some people say that they _______ to live in the countryside.
A. enjoy
B. feel like
C. choose
D. miss
(2) There are five pairs _______ , but I’m at a loss which to buy.
A. to be chosen
B. to choose from
C. to choose
D. for choosing
Keys : (1)C (2)B
choice noun [C or U] an act or the possibility of choosing:
(1) It's a difficult choice to make. 这个选择很难做。
(2) It's your choice/The choice is yours (= only you can decide). 你来决定。
(3) It was a choice between pain now or pain later, so I chose pain later. 这是一个先痛和后痛之间的选择，我选后痛。
(4) Now you know all the facts, you can make an informed choice. 现在你了解情况了，你可以根据了解的情况作出选择。
(5) I'd prefer not to work but I don't have much choice (= this is not possible). 我不愿意工作，但我没什么选择余地。
(6) He had no choice but to accept (= He had to accept). 他没办法只能接受。
(7) Is she single by choice? 她自己选择单身的吗？
6. …we were put into a position in which we had either to accept we were less important, or fight the government. 我们被置于这样一个境地：要么我们被迫接受低人一等的现实，要么跟政府作斗争。
either….or….或者。。。或者。。。
both…and….两者都
neither….nor…两者都不
7. Only then did we decide to answer violence with violence. 只有到这个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。
only 位于句首，修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句时，句子采用部分倒装的语序；修饰状语从句时，只有主句采用部分倒装的语序。
如：①Only in this way can you come up with a solution to the problem.只有这样，你才能想出解决这个问题的办法。
②Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting.叫了三次他才来参加会议。
③Only when he is seriously ill does he ever stay in bed.病的很重时，他才卧床休息。
Only then did I realize my mistake. 直到那时我才知道我的错误.
即学即用
Only in this way to make improvement in the operating system.
A.you can hope
B.you did hope
C.did you hope
D.can you hope
注意: only 只有在修饰状语时，句子才出现部分倒装；若修饰主语时，句子则不倒装。
Only he knew how to solve the problem. 只有他知道如何解决这个问题。
8. In 1963, I helped him blow up some government buildings. 在1963年，我帮助他炸毁了一些政府大楼。
blow up “炸毁，（使）炸得粉碎”; “给。。。充气，打气”
Rebels attempted to blow up the bridge.叛乱分子企图炸毁桥梁。
Can you lend me a pump to blow up my bicycle tyres? 你能借给我个打气筒给车胎打打气吗? blow out 吹灭，熄灭
blow off 不重视
blow over 刮倒，吹倒
9.But I was happy to help because I knew it would help us achieve our dream of making black and white people equal.
equal v.等于；抵得上；adj.相等的；胜任的;n.同等的人；相等物
A equals
B A等于B
A is equal to
B A等于B
be equal to sth./doing sth.胜任某事/做某事
be equal with与……相等
Three plus two equals five.=Three plus two is equal to five. 3加2等于5。
注意以下介词的搭配：
be similar to同……相似
be familiar to sb.为某人所熟知
be familiar with sth.熟悉某物
be indifferent to sth.对某事不关心；不在乎；不感兴趣
be kind to对……很和蔼
be polite to对……很有礼貌
be friendly to对……很友好
即学即用
（1）在体力上男人和女人相同吗？
Are men equal to women in physical strength?
（2）她觉得自己不适合接待来客。 She did not feel equal to receiving visitors.
10.Elias went to see Nelson Mandela when he was in trouble.
in trouble 处于不幸中
ask for trouble 自寻烦恼
get into trouble 遇到麻烦
have trouble in doing sth. 做某事有困难
make trouble 制造麻烦
He is in trouble. Let’s help him out. 他处境不好，让我们帮帮他吧。
A yachtsman got into trouble off the coast and had to be rescued. 一个驾驶帆船的人在海上遇险需要救援。
The naughty boy is always making trouble, but now he is really in trouble. 那个淘气的男孩总是制造乱子，不过，现在他自己真的遇到麻烦了。
11. Elisa was willing to blow up government buildings.
be willing to do sth. 乐意做某事
Part 3. Learning about Language
lose heart灰心，泄气
lose one’s heart to sb.爱上某人
break one’s heart使人难过（心碎）
heart and soul全心全意地
from the bottom of one’s heart从内心里
learn sth.by heart熟记
a heavy heart 沉重的心情
put one’s heart into sth.对……全力以赴，一心一意
即学即用
Though the girl hasn’t lost heart to him,he hasn’t lost heart.
A.her;/
B.the;his
C./;his
D.her;the
Part 4. Using Language
1.. It was a prison from which no one escaped. 那是一个没有人从那里逃掉的监狱。
escape v,n 逃脱；避免
a fire escape 消防通道have a narrow escape 九死一生
verb. [+ from] A lion has escaped from its cage. 一只狮子从笼子里跑了。
[+ sth] (1)She was lucky to escape serious injury. 她很幸运避免了严重的伤害。
(2)Nothing important escapes her notice / attention. 重要的事她总能注意到。
[+ v-ing] He narrowly escaped punishment / being punished. 他侥幸逃脱了惩罚。
[+ sb] His name escapes me (= I have forgotten his name). 我想不起他的名字了。noun:
They had / made a narrow escape when their car crashed. 撞车时他们勉强逃过一劫。escaped adj. an escaped prisoner 一个逃犯
2.He said they should not be stopped from studying for their degrees.他说他们不该被剥夺为获得学位而学习的权利。
本句中包含“stop...from doing”结构，意为“阻止……干某事”。类似的结构还有“prevent/keep ...from doing”
3.They were not cleverer than me,but they did pass their exams.他们并不比我更聪明，却通过了考试。
本句中not cleverer than意为“不如……聪明”，属于“not+adj./adv.的比较级+than”结构，意为“不如……”，表示两种情况客观上的比较。而“no+adj./adv.的比较级
+than”结构意为“和……一样不……”，表示说话人的主观感受。
did起强调作用。强调谓语动词时，在动词原形前加do, does 或did.
Do be careful!
He does speak English well.
He did read the letter just now.
4. I didn’t work again for twenty years until Mr.Mandela and the ANC came to power in 1994. come to power意为：上台；掌权。
be in power当权，执政 lose power失去权力
beyond/out of one’s power 某人力所不及的
within one’s power 某人力所能及的
do everything in one’s power to do sth.竭尽全力做某事
由come into+名词可构成的短语：
come into action开始行动
come into fashion流行
come into effect生效
come into office就职
即学即用
(1)他当权后就违背了他减税的诺言。
When he came to/into power ,he broke his promise of reducing taxes.
(2)我将尽力帮助你。
I’ll do everything in my power to help you.
5.I felt bad the first time I talked to a group.我第一次向（参观）小组谈论（罗本
岛监狱的情况）时，心里觉得很不好受。
典例体验
Each time I called on him, he was very busy. 我每次拜访他，他都很忙。
He came to see me immediately he came back. 他一回来就来看我。
归纳总结
句中的the first time用作连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“第一次……时”。
（1）名词短语作连词，引导时间状语从句的有：
the moment
the minute =as soon as一……就……
the instant
every time每次/回……就……
each time每当……时
next time下次……时
any time（在）任何时间
（2）有时副词也可充当连词，引导时间状语从句，它们是：instantly,immediately,directly等，都相当于as soon as。
即学即用
A they visited the Science Museum,they showed great interest in everything they saw.
A.The first time
B.For the first time
C.At first
D.At the first time
6. They said the job and the pay from the new South African government were my reward after working all my life for equal rights for the Blacks. 他们说这份工作和从新的南非政府领到的薪水是对我多年为黑人的平等权利而战的回报。
reward n.报酬，回报；v.酬劳；奖赏。
in reward (for...)作为（对……的）报答
give a reward to sb.for sth.为某事给某人报酬（或赏金）
reward sb.for (doing) sth.因（做）某事报答某人
reward sb.with sth.用某物/事报答某人
易混辨异
reward,award,prize
(1)reward多指对某人的帮助、工作或服务等的报答，如帮助警察抓到罪犯或帮助失主找到东西而得到的赏金和酬金。
(2)award指一种官方的奖励行为，往往用来奖励在工作中达到一定成就的人，重在强调荣誉而不在于奖品的大小或奖金的多少。
Mr.Wang has been awarded the title of “Advanced Workers”.
王先生被授予“先进工作者”的称号。
(3)reward和award均可用作动词，award的意思是“授予，颁发；判给”；reward则表示“报答，酬谢”之意。亦可从结构上区分两者：reward sb.for sth.,award sb.sth.。
He was awarded the first prize for “Outstanding Industrial Design”. 他获“杰出工业设计”一等奖。
(4)prize多指在各类竞赛、竞争或抽奖中所获得的奖。这种奖赏有的凭能力获得，有的凭运气获得。
In this month’s competition you could win a prize worth $3,000.
在这个月的比赛中，你可能获得价值3 000美元的奖金。
即学即用
（1）His movie won several B at the film festival,which was beyond his wildest dream.
A.rewards
B.awards
C.prizes
D.gains
（2）We will offer a(n) C of ten thousand dollars for information about the case.
A.award
B.prize
C.reward
D.praise
考题回扣
【例1】I have reached a point in my life I am supposed to make decisions of my own.
（浙江高考）
A.which
B.where
C.how
D.why
解析当point,case,stage,situation等表示抽象地点的名词充当先行词时，若定语从句中缺少状语，则用关系副词where来引导定语从句。
课文原文
The school where I studied for only two years was three kilometres away.
【例2】Over the past 20 years,the Internet has helped change our world in way or another for the better. （重庆高考）
A.any
B.one
C.every
D.either
解析句意为：在过去的20多年里，因特网已经帮助我们在一方面或另一方面改变得更好。any任何；every每一；either两者之中任一个（仅限于两者之间）。
课文原文
However,this was a time when had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg.
【例3】Charles was alone at home,with looking after him. （全国Ⅱ高考）
A.someone
B.anyone
C.not one
D.no one
解析句意为：查理一个人在家，没有人照顾他。由句中的关键词alone可知应选no one,指“一个人也没有”。
课文原文
could grow food there.
【例4】For a moment nothing happened.Then all shouting together. （福建高考）
A.voices had come
B.came voices
C.voices would come
D.did voices come
解析当某些副词如then,now,here,there,up等置于句首时，句子要用完全倒装形式。
课文原文
... only then did we decide to answer violence
【例5】Because of the financial crisis, days are gone local 5-star hotels charged 6，000 yuan for one night.（江苏高考）
A.if
B.when
C.which
D.since
解析句意为：因为金融危机，当地五星级旅馆每晚收费6 000元的日子已经一去不复返了。when引导一个限制性定语从句修饰先行词days,并且在从句中作状语。
课文原文
The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life.
Unit 1 Friendship 1. 合计_____________________________________; 3. 不得不；必须______________________________; 5. 遛狗_____________________________________; 7. 记下；放下________________________________; 9. 故意_____________________________________; 11. 在黄昏时刻______________________________; 13. 不再…___________________________________; 15. 从…中恢复过来___________________________; 17. 将…装箱打包_____________________________; 19. 相爱；爱上_______________________________; 21. 参加；加入_______________________________; 23. 松开了__________________________________; 25. 付钱；付款；买单__________________________; 27. 对(某人)重要_____________________________; 29. 笑话；取笑（某人）_________________________; 31. 在日记中________________________________; 33. 对…着迷；迷恋____________________________; 35. 深蓝色的天空____________________________; 37. 太多____________________________________; 39. 在楼上__________________________________; 41. 肮脏的窗帘______________________________; 43. 记日记；写日记___________________________; 45. 绑起来__________________________________; 47. 在公路上________________________________; 49. 说…的闲话；______________________________; 51. 与…交朋友_______________________________; 53. 给…一些建议_____________________________; 55. 过去的事件______________________________; 57. 试一试；尝试一下_________________________; 59. settle____________________________________; 2. 使…镇静下来______________________________; 4. 关心；挂念________________________________; 6. 经历；经受________________________________; 8. 一连串的；一系列的_______________________; 10. 为了____________________________________; 12. 面对面地________________________________; 14. 遭受…___________________________________; 16. 对…厌烦_________________________________; 18. 与…相处；进展____________________________; 20. 对（某人）表示感激________________________; 22. 度假____________________________________; 24. 被车撞了________________________________; 26. 考试作弊________________________________; 28. 最深的感受______________________________; 30. 在二战中________________________________; 32. 在藏身之处______________________________; 34. 与自然有关______________________________; 36. 保持醒着________________________________; 38. 碰巧____________________________________; 40. 下楼____________________________________; 42. 积满灰尘的窗子__________________________; 44. 列一个单，列出___________________________; 46. 没注意到________________________________; 48. 与…有麻烦；有矛盾________________________; 50. 与人交流________________________________; 52. 改变这种状况____________________________; 54. 喜欢与不喜欢的事情______________________; 56. 表达你的感受与想法______________________; 58. concern__________________________________; 60. tip______________________________________;
欢迎使用，祝您学有所成。 第一单元 1）state 指“国家”时，常表示“政权，国体”等政治性概念，首字母常常大写。 表示“状态，情况”时，为可数名词，常作单数；in a state表示“处于混乱或者是不整洁的状态”；get into a state变得十分紧张。 in state 庄严堂皇的，隆重的 state也可以作动词，表示“陈述，阐明，声明”，多用于正式场合或者是公文，商务信函，日常用语中应该避免。 表示“据说，据称”常用于it或者sb/sth作主语的被动句中。 2）rare 作形容词，表示“罕见的，稀少的，稀有的，难得的”，可形容人或者是物。 rare也可以指肉，表示“未熟的，半熟的”。 rare也是作副词，相当于rarely，意思是“很，非常”。 rare和and连用，相当于一个副词，意思是“很，极，非常”。 3）belong 不能用于被动语态和进行时。 belong in 适宜于，用利于，应该用在……。 4）gift 表示“礼物”。 表示“天赋，才能”后接for或者是of。 表示“捐赠”常与of连用。 5）melt 表示“融化，溶解”。 melt into逐渐融入，逐渐变成。 melt还可以表示“心变软，生怜悯之情”。 melt sth down 重新融化，回炉。 6）heat 作不可数名词，表示“热，炎热，热度，发热”，前面常用定冠词。 表示“供暖（费）”。 作动词，表示“变热，变暖”，常与up连用；也可以表示“使激发愤怒”。 7）design 作动词，表示具体，确切地“计划，设计”。 也可以表示“打算，预定”，指为一目的而作安排，常用于被动语态。 表示“设计样式，设计图案”为可数名词；表示“设计工艺，设计布局，意图”为不可数名词。 by design 故意地have designs upon/on sb（sth）图谋（生命，财产）。 8）fancy 作动词，多用作及物动词，后接名词，从句或者是动名词。 fancy接从句时，意为“认为，猜想”。 fancy接名词，代词，动名词（不能接不定式），意思为“想想，设想，想要”。 用于感叹句，意为“真想不到，谁能想到……竟然”。
Unit 1 1.what do you know about great scientists? 2.high expectations are the key to everything 远 大的理想是开启万物的钥匙 3.face the music 面对命运对你的不公平 4.be absorbed in全神贯注于, 专心致志于 be lost in thought想得出神沉思于… be engaged in 从事于…忙于 be concentrated on 集中注意力… 5.一…就… The moment…瞬间 instant 立刻 the minute second 片刻 6.make a suggestion give an advice make the investigation 7.look into 调查看浏览 8.slow down 减缓 9.relate to 有关涉及 10.two athe deaths 另外两个死者 11.link to 有关联系 12.die out 灭绝 die of 死于 die from死于 13.his career came to an end 他的事业结束了14.develop a severe illness 染上很严重的疾病 15.make a new career 创立新的事业 16.apart from 除了… 17.two more example =another two另外两个 18.make a face 做鬼脸 make one’s way to 转向向…出发，朝…走去 make up one’s mind下定决心 make friends make the bed make sure确定 make room for为..腾空间 19.lead to 领导 20.only 修饰主语不倒装 状语要倒装 If only 但愿要是 Only if只有.. 要到装 Eg.: only if you use this way ,can you … 21.make sense 有意义讲得通 in a sense 有点.. make sense of 搞清楚弄明白 in no sense 绝不；不可能 22. at times 时不时有时 At a time 每一次 From time to time 时而不时的 At one time 曾经一度 For the time being 暂时 Ahead of time 提前 All the time 一直 At all times总是随时 At any time 无论何时 At no time 决不 Out of time 不合时宜的 23.suspect sb of do sth怀疑某人做某事 24.look into 调查 25.look ahead 向前看展望未来 26.look around for 参观四处看看 27. look away from 把目光…从移开 28.look back (at) 回顾回忆 29.look out (for) 留心当心 30.look up to 尊敬钦佩 31.look though 检查浏览 32.go down 下降 33.slow down 慢下来放慢速度 33.knock down 击倒 34.tear down 拆毁拆除 Unit 2 1.keep your eyes open 睁大你的眼睛 2.consist of由…组成 3.leave out省去不考虑遗漏 4.divide into 分成 https://www.doczj.com/doc/2711512023.html,pare A with B 与…比
按住Ctrl键单击鼠标打开配套教学视频名师讲课播放 必修5 Unit 1 JOHH SHOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA” John Snow was a famous doctor in London - so expert, indeed, that he attend ed Queen Victoria as her personal physician. But he became inspired when he tho ught about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. This was the deadly dise ase of its day. Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. So many thousand s of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. John Snow wanted t o face the challenge and solve this problem. He knew that cholera would never b e controlled until its cause was found. He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera ki lled people. The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air. A cloud of dangerous gas floated around until it found its victims. The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals. From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected person die d. John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct but he needed eviden ce. So when another outbreak hit London in 1854, he was ready to begin his enqu iry. As the disease spread quickly through poor neighbourhoods, he began to gat her information. In two particular streets, the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days. He was determined to find out why. First he marked on a map the exact places where all the dead people had liv ed. This gave him a valuable clue about the cause of the disease. Many of the d eaths were near the water pump in Broad Street (especially numbers 16, 37, 38 a nd 40). He also noticed that some houses (such as 20 and 21 Broad Street and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street) had had no deaths. He had not foreseen this, so he made further investigations. He discovered that these people worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street. They had been given free beer and so had not drunk the water from the pump. It seemed that the water was to blame. Next, John Snow looked into the source of the water for these two streets. He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London. H e immediately told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle f rom the pump so that it could not be used. Soon afterwards the disease slowed d own. He had shown that cholera was spread by germs and not in a cloud of gas. In another part of London, he found supporting evidence from two other deat hs that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak. A woman, who had moved away f rom Broad Street, liked the water from the pump so much that she had it deliver ed to her house every day. Both she and her daughter died of cholera after drin king the water. With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with ce rtainty that polluted water carried the virus.
UNIT 1 Anne’s best friend 你是不是想有一位无话不谈能推心置腹的朋友呢？或者你是不是担 心你的朋友会嘲笑你，会不理解你目前的困境呢？ 安妮弗兰克想要的是第一种类型的朋友，于是她就把日记当成了她 最好的朋友。安妮在第二次世界大战期间住在荷兰的阿姆斯特丹。她一 家人都是犹太人，所以他们不得不躲藏起来，否则他们就会被德国纳粹 抓去。她和她的家人躲藏了二十五个月之后才被发现。在这段时间里， 她唯一的忠实朋友就是她的日记了。她说，“我不愿像大多数人那样在 日记中记流水账。我要把这本日记当作我的朋友，我要把我这个朋友称 作基蒂”。 安妮从1942年七月起就躲藏在那里了，现在来看看他当时 的心情吧。 1944年6月15日，星期四 亲爱的基蒂： 我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一 切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。我记得非常清楚，以前，湛 蓝的天空、鸟儿的歌唱、月光和鲜花，从未令我心迷神往过。自 从我来到这里，这一切都变了。 …比方说，有天晚上天气很暖和，我熬到 11点半故意不睡 觉，为的是独自好好看看月亮。但是因为月光太亮了，我不敢打 开窗户。还有一次，就在五个月以前的一个晚上，我碰巧在楼 上，窗户是开着的。我一直等到非关窗不可的时候才下楼去。漆 黑的夜晚，风吹雨打，雷电交加，我全然被这种力量镇住了。这 是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚… 不幸的是……我只能透过那满是灰尘的窗帘下那脏兮兮的窗 户看看大自然。只能隔着窗户看那大自然实在没意思，因为大自 然是需要真正体验的东西。 Using Language 亲爱的王小姐： 现在我同班上的同学有些麻烦事。我跟我们班里的一位男同学一直相处的很好。我们常常一起做家庭作业，而且很乐意互相帮助。我们成了真正好朋友。可是，其他同学却在背后议论起来，他们说我和这位男同学在谈恋爱，这使我很生气。我不想中断这段友谊，但是，我又讨厌人家背后说闲话。我该怎么办呢？
Practice makes perfect! 高一英语 Book 2Unit 1 Cultural relics 1.survive 幸免；幸存；生还（survival 幸存 , survivor 幸存者） 2.in search of 寻找 (介词短语 ) search for sth 寻找 (动词短语 ) search sb/ sp 搜身 /搜某地 3.to one's amazement 令人惊讶的是(amazed 感到惊讶的 , amazing 令人惊讶的 ) 4.select 精选 ,choose 普通选择 ,elect 选举 5.be designed for sb/sth 计划或打算给某人 /某物用 be designed to do sth 设计目的是做某事 by design=on purpose 有意地 (by chance/ accident 偶然 /意外地 ) 6.fancy 奇特的；异样的；想象/喜欢（ +doing ） 7. decorate sth with sth用...装饰... be decorated with被装饰; 8.belong to 属于不用于被动结构、完成时和进行时态 9.worth 值得的；相当于的价值；值钱的 be +worth +doing ( 主动形式表被动含义) It is really/well/very much worth doing. be worthy of being done= be worthy of to be done It is worthwhile doing/to do 10.doubt 怀疑；疑惑There is no doubt that.... 毫无疑问 .... doubt 作动词时，用在肯定句中通常后面接whether 或 if 引导的名词性从句，在否定或疑 问句中通常后接that 引导的名词性从句 She doubted whether/if the story was true.; Do you doubt that he can do the work well? 11.in return 作为报答；回报（in turn 依次 / 反过来 , in return for sth作为对的回报 12.remain 保存，保留 ,任然 ; remain a mystery任然是个迷; remain at home ; remain to be done 有待于被 ...remain beautiful 13.at war 处于交战状态“ at+n.”处于某种状态 14. think highly/ well / much of看重；器重;对评价高( think poorly / ill / badly of对评价不高） ---被动 : be highly thought of 15 否定词 / 否定介词短语位于句首时,主句用部分倒装( 参见优化P16) Unit 2 The Olympic Games https://www.doczj.com/doc/2711512023.html,pete with/against sb(for sth) 与某人（为某事物）竞争 compete in参加..比赛/竞争(competitor 竞赛者 ; competition 竞赛 ) 2.take part in sth 参与，参加 (较大型活动 ), take part 不接宾语take an active part in 积极参加( join 参加组织机构并成为其中一员,join in 参加游戏或小型活动, attend 出席会议 ,讲座 ,上课 ,婚礼 ; ) join sb( in doing)加入某人(一起做) 3.stand for( 字母或符合 )代表，象征，表示; stand by 袖手旁观 ; stand out 突出，显眼 https://www.doczj.com/doc/2711512023.html,ed to do sth 过去常常做 ; be/get used to doing sth 习惯于做; 5.be used to do sth 被用来做某事 6.be admitted to /into 被 ....接受 /录取admit (to)doing sth承认做了某事 7.as well 也，又，还 (句末 ); as well as 和 (谓语形式取决前面名词)，与 ...一样好 8.replace by/with用...替换/取代=take the place of， be in place of ， 9.take one's place 10.in charge of 主管 / 负责 ; in the charge of 被 /由主管 / 负责 charge sb some money for sth 因某事（物）收某人钱 charge sb with (doing) sth控诉某人做某事; free of charge 免费
按住Ctrl键单击鼠标打开配套教学视频名师讲课播放必修5 Unit 1 JOHH SHOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA” John Snow was a famous doctor in London - so expert, indeed, that he attend ed Queen Victoria as her personal physician. But he became inspired when he tho ught about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. This was the deadly diseas e of its day. Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. John Snow wanted to face the challenge and solve this problem. He knew that cholera would never be contr olled until its cause was found. He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera kille d people. The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air. A cloud of dangero us gas floated around until it found its victims. The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals. From the stomach the dis ease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected person died. John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct but he needed evide nce. So when another outbreak hit London in 1854, he was ready to begin his en quiry. As the disease spread quickly through poor neighbourhoods, he began to gat her information. In two particular streets, the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days. He was determined to find out why. First he marked on a map the exact places where all the dead people had liv ed. This gave him a valuable clue about the cause of the disease. Many of the de aths were near the water pump in Broad Street (especially numbers 16, 37, 38 an d 40). He also noticed that some houses (such as 20 and 21 Broad Street and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street) had had no deaths. He had not foreseen this, so he mad e further investigations. He discovered that these people worked in the pub at 7 C ambridge Street. They had been given free beer and so had not drunk the water f rom the pump. It seemed that the water was to blame. Next, John Snow looked into the source of the water for these two streets. He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London. He imm ediately told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the pump so that it could not be used. Soon afterwards the disease slowed down. He had shown that cholera was spread by germs and not in a cloud of gas. In another part of London, he found supporting evidence from two other deaths that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak. A woman, who had moved away fr om Broad Street, liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day. Both she and her daughter died of cholera after drinking the water. With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with certaint y that polluted water carried the virus. To prevent this from happening again, John Snow suggested that the source o f all the water supplies be examined. The water companies were instructed not to expose people to polluted water any more. Finally "King Cholera" was defeated. COPERNICUS’ REVOLUTIONRRY THEORY
Teaching Plan Unit1 Friendship 教材人教版高中英语必修一 试讲者李瑶单位新疆师范大学 适用年级高中一年级单元第一单元 课题Anne’s Best Friend 课时共五课时，第二课时 （ Reading） 一．教材分析 Analysis of the Teaching Materials This unit is the first unit of the senior English studying which talks about friendship.As for the students, at the beginning of senior school life, making new friends is one of important things for them now,so the topic of this unit is appropriate at the present time. It can easily stimulate students’interests in English learning and help students think how to choose friends and the meaning of the friendship. The reading passage is the center of the unit. It mainly talks about the Anna , a Jewish girl , during the world war II, regarded the diary as her best friend to express her happiness, sorrow and missing to her hometown. 二．学情分析 Analysis of the Students As the students, grade1of senior high school,they have the basic abilities of listening,speaking,reading and writing,but they still need more chances to practice what they have learnt and improve their ability of communicating with others and expressing their ideas fluently and accurately. Meanwhile,it is also necessary to develop their autonomous learning ability and cooperative learning ability, as well cultivate the awareness of cultural differences. 三. 教学目标 Teaching Aims 1.Knowledge Objectives 1.Get students to know the main content of this article. 2.Learn about the formats of a diary. 2.Ability Objectives 1.Develop their reading ability and learn to use some reading strategies such as guessing, key sentences, skimming and so on. 2.Summarize different paragraphs. 3.Emotion Objectives
高一英语必修二知识点归纳 Unit1 Cultural relics 1.in search of 寻找，寻求 2.survive vi. 幸存，生还n. 幸存者survivor 3. be decorated with 被用······来装饰 decorate sth with sth 用某物装饰某物 4. belong to属于，是…的成员, 是…的组成部分,属性, 职能等 5. serve as 担任，充当 6.in return 作为回报, 作为回馈 in return of 作为…的回报 7. 定语从句修饰the way的关系代词可用that / in which / 不填 8.light 照亮，点亮light-lit-lit 或light-lighted-lighted 9. there is no doubt that… 毫无疑问…… 10. be worth sth. 值得… be (well) worth doing sth.很值得做… 11. be at war 处于战争状态,交战 12.remain vi. 留下，剩下，残留+doing link-v. 保持，仍然，继续+adj. Unit 2 The Olympic Games 1. ancient: 古代的--- 反义词present-day 当今的 2. compete with/ against sb.和…竞争 compete in 在……中竞争 compete for sth. 为……而竞争 competition n. 比赛 3. take part (in) 参加，参与（活动）=join in take an active part in…积极参与…… 4. used to do 过去常常做．．． be/get used to (doing) sth.习惯于 be used to do 被用来做 5. every four years = every fourth year 每四年或每隔四年 6. admit+ doing承认做某事 be admitted as “被接受……成为” 7. for the honor of为了…的荣誉 in the honor of为庆祝…/为纪念 8. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 allow doing sth. 允许做某事 9. not only… but also… 不但……而且 10. “也”as well用在肯定句中，放在句末 too肯定句中用,放在句末，常用逗号隔开 either否定句中用，放句末，常用逗号隔开 also放在特殊动词之后，实义动词之前 Unit 3 Computers 1. common adj. 普通的，常见的n. 普通；平民
1. scientist science scientific 2. know about 了解 know of 听说过 3. find/ find out/ discover/ invent 4. explain sth. to sb 5. be characteristic of sb/ sth 6. pass sth from…从…处传来, 传下 pass by 路过, 经过… pass down 把…传下去 pass on 传递, 传授 7. the way of doing sth = the way to do 做某事的方法 8. put forward 提出建议，推荐某人或者自己任职，提名；时钟往前拨 9. by the way 顺便说 by way of …通过…的方法 lose one’s way 迷路 no way 没门，别想 feel one’s way 摸索着走谨慎从事 on one’s way to…在去……的路上 in this way=by this means =with this method用这种方法 10. put away 抛弃;舍弃 put down 写下来; 记入名单 put on 穿上; 戴上; 增加 put off 耽误; 延期 put out 熄灭(灯); 扑灭(火) put up 建立; 建造 put up with…忍受… 11. arrive at / come to / draw / reach a conclusion 12. win / beat /defeat win “赢得, 获胜”, 后接奖品, 奖金, 名誉, 财产 beat “击败, 战胜”, 后接竞争队伍或者对手, 敌人 defeat “击败，战胜”, 后接竞争队伍或者 对手, 敌人, (此用法同beat), 疾病等。 expert at/in sth 某方面的专家 14. attend 注意；照看，照顾；参加 attendance n. 照顾, 出席 attend school 上学 attend a lecture 听讲座attend a wedding 出席婚礼 15. attend to 处理, 办理I have some important things to attend to. 照顾, 照料; Are you being attended to 先生, 有人接待你吗 专心, 注意If you don’t attend to the teacher, you’ll never learn anything. 16. expose A to B 使A 暴露于B A be exposed to B A 暴露于B 17. die (v.) dead (adj.) death (n.) deadly adj. 致命的 18. deadly adv. (1)very 极度; 非常; 十分 deadly serious 十分认真 (2)like death 死一般地 deadly pale 死一般苍白 19. every time 每当每次（连词连接句子）注意: immediately, the moment, directly, instantly 等与every time一样, 都可以 用作连词引导时间状语从句, 意为“一…..就”。 20. absorb…..into 吸收，理解接受，吞并be absorbed in …被…吸引; 专心于; 全神贯注于某事 21. suggest doing sth 建议做某事 suggest that 建议should + V 暗示该使用什么时态用什么 22. severe 严厉的; 苛刻的; 严格的. 剧痛的, 剧烈的, 严重的, 难熬的 be severe with/on sth 对……严格。 23. be to blame 应该受到责备 blame sb for sth 因……责备某人 blame sth on sb 把sth 归咎于某人 24. look into 向里看；调查，了解 25. suspect sth 怀疑某事 suspect sb of doing sth 怀疑某人做某事 suspect that 从句 26. look on 观看, 面向, 旁观, 看待look out 面朝, 留神, 照料 look over 从上面看, 察看, 检查look around 环顾, 观光, 察看