高三一轮语法专题复习---名词和冠词
一。单句改错
1.Too many work and too little rest often lead to illness.
2.There are fantastic highlands, fresh air and snow mountain in Tibet.
3.I know a teacher mood may influence his students, especially their attitude towards study.
4.On Sunday’s mornings, those coffee bars all offer their service free of charge.
5.The hostess cooking will guarantee you a wonderful chance of tasting delicious Chinese food.
6.Although he is not rich, he leads happy life.
7.Paper-cutting is a art form in China, which has a history of more than 1 ,500 years.
8.The festival is in memory of Qu Yuan, who is famous ancient Chinese poet and right-minded man.
9.On the day before Teacher’s Day，everybody around me was talking about what was most suitable gift they would buy for their teachers.
10.I get fed up with eating same dish every day.
11.All you need to do now is have a good rest and follow the doctor’s advices.
12.I love my mother. I think she is a best woman in the world.
13.The earth seems to be on the fire and it’s getting hotter and hotter.
14.Beijing was once a city of bikes. However, decades of economic grow led to a huge flow of cars in the city.
15.When I was a young children, my father created a regular practice I remember well years later.
16.Table tennis had waited a long time before the sport was given a chance to make its first appear at the 1988 Seoul Olympic Games.
17.The burn is a kind of common but very painful injure.
18.There is no accurate written record about the origin of this tool，but there are some tales about its invent.
19.We’ll certainly miss him and wish him a good luck in the future.
20.The flag reached the top of the pole the moment the music came to end.
二．单项选择
1.Please refer to the________before you switch on the engine.
A.introductions
B.explanations
C.instructions
D.expressions
2.He told ____ lie to his friends that he was heavily in ____ debt because he wanted to borrow some money from them.
A.a ; the
B.a; a
C./;the
D.a ; /
3.The doctor in charge of the operation was taken to the police station to give a (n) of the medical accident.
A.explanation
B.consideration
C.knowledge
D.conclusion
4.We’ll visit _____ tomorrow.
A.Summer Palace
B.the Hyde Parks
C.the Summer Palace
D.a Hyde Park
5.He is __________ as a lead er but he doesn’t have _________in teaching.
A.success; many experience
B.a success; much experience
C.success; an experience
D.success; a lot of experiences
三．单句填空
1.At first, he didn't take painting seriously; he said he took it up just for
__________(please).
https://www.doczj.com/doc/2915720381.html,st ____________(admit) to the theme park are at 5 :00 pm, one hour before closing.
3.Quite by accident, she came up with a brilliant and simple ___________(solve) to the challenging problem.
4.It is believed that the upper-class Victorians in England invented the table tennis in the 1880s, using whatever they could find as __________(equip).
5.It’s about 5 ______________(minute) walk from my home to the school.
6.There is __________ unique temple on the island, which can only be reached hy boat.
7.The website asks visitors to join the movement to reduce _______________ number of illiterates(文盲)in the world.
8.The man is a good person. His ____________(devote) to his wife and family is touching.
9.__________(product) is going up because we have introduced new techniques.
10.It's my (enjoy)to share my pleasure with you.
11.His stories usually have a happy ___________(end).
12.It is only natural that we lose faith, trust and ____________(confident) in a person who is tardy(拖沓的）.
13.Remember not to fully expect such naughty boy changed over a night.
14.Studies in China have shown that a person who can write well should have
___________ good knowledge of between 3 ,000 and 4,000 characters.
15.From small street stands to large chains, ______________ increasing number of people accept the mobile payment, mostly through popular apps Alipay and WeChat.
16 (he,child,as) , he is quite considerate and often helps a lot with housework. 17As a film star she was a success, but as a wife she was failure, so their marriage ended in failure.
18.Do you think it is__________good manners to hear others’ conversations
in__________curious manner?
19.Jane’s grandmother had wanted to write a children’s book for many years,but one thing or another always got in__________ way.
20.The Yellow River is__________ second longest river in China.
21.I can’t tell you__________way to the Wilsons’ because we don’t
have__________Wilson here in the village.
22.—You have no idea what _____great fun we had in Disneyland yesterday. —Well, I wish I could have such a fun day.
23.______more learned a man is, _______ more modest he usually becomes.
24.The paper is due next month, and I am working seven days ____ week, often long into night.
25.We are said to be living in ______ Information Age, _____ time of new discoveries and great changes.
26.The cakes are delicious. He would like to have third one
because ______ second one is rather too small.
27.Jane’s grandmother had wanted to w rite _____children’s book for many years,but one thing or another always got in _____ way.
28.Tom is in control ____ the company.That is to say,the company is
in ____control of him.
29._______village where I was born has grown into town.
30.In communication, a smile is usually ______ strong sign of a friendly
and _______ open attitude.
一．
1.答案：Too many much
work and too little rest often lead to illness. 解析：
many 改为much 因为work 为不可数名词，其前要用much 来修饰。
2.答案： There are fantastic highlands, fresh air and snow mountain mountains
in Tibet. 解析：
mountain→mountains mountain "山脉"，是可数名词，西藏的雪山不止一座，故用其复数形式。
3.答案： I know a 'teacher teacher s
mood may influence his students, especially their attitude towards study. 解析：
teacher→teacher’s 此处表示”老师的情绪"，故应用名词所有格形式。
4.答案： On ’Sunday s Sunday
mornings, those coffee bars all offer their service free of charge. 解析：
Sunday’s→Sunday 名词的所有格表示所属关系，此句中 Sunday 与morning 之间不存在所属关系，故应用名词的普通格形式作定语。
5.答案： The '
hostess hostess cooking will guarantee you a wonderful chance of tasting delicious Chinese food. 解析：
hostess→hostess'此处表示 “女主人的厨艺"，因此应用名词所有格形式。注意：以s 结尾的名词的所有格形式直接加’。
6.答案：Although he is not rich, he leads a happy life.
解析：
在happy 前加a 固定短语lead a … life 意为“过着……的生活”。
7.答案： Paper-cutting is a an
art form in China, which has a history of more than 1 ,500 years. 解析：
a→an 此处意为"一种艺术形式"，表示泛指，且art 的发音以元音音素开头，故应用an 。
8.答案：
The festival is in memory of Qu Yuan, who is a famous ancient Chinese poet and right-minded man.
解析：
famous 前加a 此处表示屈原是一位著名的中国古代诗人，表示泛指，并且poet 是可数名词，故应在famous 前加a 。
9.答案：
On the day before Teacher’s Day ，everybody around me was talking about what was the most suitable gift they would buy for their teachers.
解析：
most 前加the 形容词最高级之前应用定冠词the 修饰。
I get fed up with eating the same dish every day.
解析：
same前加the same前通常用定冠词the修饰。如at the same time 同时，all the same 仍然。
11.答案：
All you need to do now is have a goo d rest and follow the doctor’s advices advice
.
解析：
advices→advice advice ”建议"，是不可数名词，没有复数形式。
12.答案：I love my mother. I think she is
a
the
best woman in the world.
解析：句意:我爱我的妈妈:我认为她是这个世界上最好的女人.形容同最高级前应加定冠词the,故应将a改为the.
13.答案：The earth seems to be on the fire and it’s getting hotter and hotter.
解析：句意:地球仿佛着火了一般,越来越热.on fire是固定短语,意为“着火”。
14.答案：
Beijing was once a city of bikes. However, decades of economic
grow
growth
led to a huge flow of
cars in the city.
解析：
grow→growth此处表示几十年的经济增长带来了城市里巨大的车流量。led to前是主语部分，应该用名词growth。
15.答案：
When I was a young children
child
, my father created a regular practice I remember well years later.
解析：
children→child与主语I呼应，表示当我是个小孩子的时候，应该用名词的单数形式child。
16.答案：
Table tennis had waited a long time before the sport was given a chance to make its first appear
appearance
at the 1988 Seoul Olympic Games.
解析：
appear→appearance此处表本兵兵球运动首次出现在1988 年的汉城奥运会上。此处由形容词性物主代词修饰，作动词make的宾语，应用appear的名词形式。
17.答案：
The burn is a kind of common but very painful injure injury
.
解析：
injure→injury 形容词 common 和 painful 修饰名词，injure 是动词，其名词形式是injury。
18.答案：
There is no accurate written record about the origin of this tool，but there are some tales about its invent
invention
.
解析：
invent→invention句意:关于这个工具的起源没有准确的书面记录，但是关于它的发明有一些传说。invent前有形容词性物主代词its,因此，应用其名词形式invention。
19.答案：
We’ll certainly miss him and wish him a good luck in the future.
考点一：名词和名词辨析 1. While she was in Paris, she developed a __________ for fine art. A. way B. relation C. taste D. habit 2.As the world’s population continues to grow, the ______ of food becomes more and more of a concern. 3. A.worth B.supply C.package D. list 4.With inspiration from other food cultures, American food culture can take a _______ for the better. 5. A.share B.chance C. turn D. lead 6.Poetry written from the _________ of the urban youth tends to reveal their anxiety over a lack of sense of belonging. 7. A.perspective B.priority C.participation D. privilege 8.Carbon dioxide, which makes a __________ between us and the sun, prevents heat from getting out of the atmosphere easily, so the earth is becoming warmer. 9. A.difference https://www.doczj.com/doc/2915720381.html,parison C.connection D. barrier 10.Whenever I made mistakes, the teacher pointed them out with _______ . 11. A.curiosity B.satisfaction C. envy D. patience 12.The accident caused some ________ to my car, but it’s nothing serious. 13. A.harm B.injury C. ruin D. damage 14.Your __________ as a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of reflection on how you learn. 15. A.operation B.growth C. performance D. character 16.My first _______ of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful young man. 17. A.expression B.attention C.satisfaction D. impression 18.You’d better write down the phone number of that restaurant for future ________ . 19. A.purpose B.reference C.progress D. memory 20.It is important to have your eyes examined regularly to check for any sign of eye disease that may not have any ____ . 21. A. symptom B. similarity C. sample D. shadow 22.You are working too hard. You’d better keep a _________ between work and relaxation. 23. A.promise B.lead C.balance D.diary 24.Teachers have to constantly update their knowledge in order to maintain their professional _________ . 25. A. consequence B.independence https://www.doczj.com/doc/2915720381.html,petence D. intelligence 26.Anyway, I can’t cheat him---it’s against all my ________ . 27. A. emotions B.principles C.regulations D. opinions 28.There’s a _______ in our office that when it’s somebody’s birthday, they bring in a cake for us all to share. 29. A.tradition B.balance C.concern D. relationship 30.I haven’t seen Sara since she was a little girl, and she has changed beyond _________ . 31. A.hearing B. strength C.recognition D. measure 32.This restaurant has become popular for its wide _______ of foods that suit all tastes and pockets. 33. A. division B.area C.range D. circle
2012高考英语备考易错点睛系列 专题01 名词与冠词（教师版） 考前必读 名词在历年高考中一直是考察的重点项目之一，每年全国约有一半的高考试题涉及名词。命题者主要从名词的词义入手，考察近义名词的辨析、形近名词的辨析以及名词的固定搭配等方便，同时，题干也从呼应、对比等方面提供足够的信息，考察学生根据语境理解和辨析名词的能力。2012年高考英语试题对名词的考察也会涉及这些方面。 易错点睛 易错点1 忽视抽象名词具体化的用法 【易错题l】—How about ______ Christmas evening party? —I should say it was ______ success. A. a; a B. The; a C. a;不 填 D. the; 不填 【答案】B 【错因透视】抽象名词具体化往往表示具有某种特性、情感、情绪的人或物，这时要在该名词前加不定冠词，如：in surprise惊奇地，a surprise一件惊奇的事情；with pleasure 愉快地，a pleasure一件愉快的事情；worry about担忧，a worry一件令人担忧的事情；must一定，a must一件必须做的事情；youth青春，a youth一个年轻人；beauty美丽，a beauty一个美人；wonder惊奇，a wonder一件令人惊奇的事情；danger危险，a danger 危险人／物；trade贸易，a trade一桩生意／买卖；have pity on sb．可怜某人，What apity!多么遗憾!
易错点2没有结合语境和词义对名词进行正确辨析 【易错题l】From their _______ on the top of the TV Tower, visitors can have a better view of the city. A. stage B. position C. condition D. situation 【答案】B 【错因透视】名词的辨析题是高考的重点，主要考查名词在特定语境下的应用，所以必 须先弄清题中每个名词的意义及用法，然后根据语境选择符合句意的名词。因为英汉两种语 言的差异性，同样一个汉语词汇，翻译成英语时，可能有很多对应的英语单词，但是每一个 英语单词所表达的含义和运用的语境不尽相同，其中存在着一些细微的差别，不经过大量的 阅读积累，，一般考生是很难把它们分辨开来的。考生在选择时，往往依据字面意思，根据 汉语的思维习惯，没有考虑到英美人的习惯表达，而做出错误的选择。因此，要想突破名词 辨析这一难关，必须展开广泛阅读，培养语感，进一步熟悉常用名词的惯用场合。 易错点3 混淆特指的定冠词和泛指的不定冠词 【易错题1】This area experienced heaviest rainfall in month of May. A 不填; a B a ; the C the ; the D the ; a 【答案】C 【错因透视】形容词的最高级前面通常要加定冠词the；当表示月份的名词后面接of 短语加以限定的时候，其前面要加定冠词the。另外，比较级前一般不加定冠词the，但是 “the+比较级，the+比较级”是一个固定句式，表示“越……，就越……”，前一句类似于
突破点2 词性的转换 1．(2015·全国卷Ⅱ)In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their 63.ability(able) to “air condition” a house without using electric equipment. 【解析】形容词性物主代词their之后应当用名词，故将able转化为其名词形式ability。 2．(2017·湖北部分重点中学高三9月新起点)In front of a supermarket in Hangzhou, five 65.volunteers(voluntary) wore white plastic bags and walked around through the crowd. 【解析】根据语境可知此处指“志愿者”，并且由空前的five可判断要用复数。 3．(2016·湖北八校联考)“If I'm within a distance of a five－hour 70.flight(fly) from India，” he says, “I will go and see my mom and my sister.” 【解析】被冠词a和形容词five－hour修饰用名词。 4．(2016·江西八所重点中学联考)We were touched by such an act of kind on a hot day. 【解析】被介词of修饰，用名词kindness。 【答案】kind→kindness 5．(2016·广东广州毕业班综合测试)I felt a little guilty but I dared not tell the true. 【解析】前面为动词tell，可见这里须用名词，tell the truth说出实情。 【答案】true→truth
第一层级|抓牢“词法”——保基本分 第一讲名词和冠词 在高考中，语法填空和短文改错重点考查名词的单 复数、不可数名词、名词与其他词类的词性转化等。在 语法填空和短文改错中，解答有关名词的题目时，一要 根据在句中所作的成分确定是否使用名词。名词在句中常用作主语、宾语、表语或定语等。二要根据名词前的数词、量词、冠词等修饰语的情况以及主谓一致原则来确定名词单复数。 (一)考点练悟(用所给词的适当形式填空) It was late at night. Two 1.________ (German) were sleeping in their room when suddenly, one of them, Mrs. Green, was woken up and found a thief slipping into their room to try his luck. She had three thousand 2.______ (dollar) in her pocket. “What should I do? Many 3.______ (thief) usually bring 4.________ (knife) with them，”she thought in 5.________ (silent). After two 6.________ (minute) search, the thief happened to touch a sports suit. It seemed as if he found there was someone in the room, so he went out to the next room where two 7.________ (Frenchman) were sleeping. When he was looking for 8.________ (money) or some 9.________ (jewel) in the next room, Mrs. Green woke up her husband quickly and called the police. And then the thief knew what had happened. He was so scared that he took out a knife. Just then the police showed up. Before the thief ran away, the police caught him. For Mrs. Green, it was really an unusual 10.________ (experience)．答案：1.Germans 2.dollars 3.thieves 4.knives 5.silence 6.minutes' 7.Frenchmen8.money9.jewels/jewelry10.experience (二)快捷技法
专题01 名词与冠词 1．(2016·新课标Ⅰ，61)But for tourists like me，pandas are its top ________(attract)．【答案】attraction 【解析】句意：但是对于像我一样的游客来说，大熊猫是最大的吸引。形容词top“头等的；最重要的”后面跟名词形式。 2．(2016·新课标Ⅰ，69)The nursery team switches him every few ________(day)with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed... 【答案】days 3．(2016·新课标Ⅱ，42)Then，handle the most important tasks first so you'll feel a real sense of ________(achieve)． 【答案】achievement 【解析】句意：然后，首先处理最重要的任务，那么你会感到真正意义上的成就。介词of后应用名词作宾语。 4．(2016·新课标Ⅱ，46)Recent ________(study)show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks regularly． 【答案】studies 【解析】句意：最近的研究显示如果我们有规律地进行短暂的休息的话，我们工作的效率会更高。study“研究”为可数名词，本句的谓语动词为sh ow，说明主语应用名词复数studies。 5．(2016·新课标Ⅲ，68)Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius，who lived from roughly 551 to 479 B．C.，influenced the ________ (develop)of chopsticks. 【答案】development 【解析】句意：一些人认为大约生活于公元前551年到479年间的中国伟大学者孔子影响了筷子的发展。根据空格前面的the可知，所填词应用名词形式。 6．(2016·四川，65)Any smell might attract natural ________(enemy)that would try to eat the little panda.
课后练习22 冠词与名词 温馨提示：为满足部分老师批改时的评估需要，本课时的题量已按满分100分来设置，请需要的老师自行规划。 冠词 一、用a, an或the填空 1. Savannah is__________ girl from Texas. 2. There is__________ ancient castle（城堡）and we’re going there next week. 3. That is__________ English map, and this is__________Chinese map. 4.__________ eraser in the pencil box is Rick’s. 5. I have__________ uncle and__________ aunt. 6. Look at__________picture. That is__________orange. 7. This is__________ eraser and that is__________ ID card. 8. There is__________ “s” and__________ “k” in the word “ask”. 9. I found some keys in__________ classroom. 10.__________ orange is my father’s.__________ orange is orange. 11. —Who’s that little girl? —You mean__________ girl with glasses? 12. —What are you going to be when you grow up, John? —Er,__________ policeman like you. 1
专题一冠词 重难点分析 冠词是一种虚词，没有词义，不能单独使用，放在名词的前面，帮助说明名词的含义。冠词主要分为定冠词、不定冠词和零冠词。 历年高考试题对冠词的考查涉及到冠词的位置、不定冠词、定冠词、零冠词及固定搭配中的冠词等各个方面。下面我们以表格的形式对前四个方面进行梳理总结。 一、冠词的位置 二、不定冠词
三、定冠词 四、零冠词
五、英语中含有冠词的词组辨析 英语中有不少词组，从形式看好像只有冠词之差，而实际上却是意义完全不同的词组。 1. in front of 在……（外）的前面；in the front of在……（内）的前面 There is a garden in front of the classroom. 教室前面有一个花园。（外） There is a blackboard in the front of the classroom. 教室前面有一块黑板。（内） 2. in charge of 掌管、负责；in the charge of 在……负责之下 An experienced worker is in charge of the project. 一位有经验的个人负责这个项目。 The project is in the charge of an experienced worker. 这个项目由一位经验丰富的工人负责。 3. at table 在进餐、吃饭时；at the table 在桌旁 He seldom talks at table. 吃饭时他很少说话。 They sat at the table, talking and laughing. 他们坐在桌旁，边说边笑。 4. by day 白天、日间；by the day 按日计 He works in an office by day. 他白天在办公室工作。 Cleaning women in big cities get paid by the day. 大城市的清洁女工按日获得报酬。 5. take place 发生、举行；take the place (of) 代替、接替 When did this conversation take place? 这次谈话什么时候进行的？ Electric trains have now taken the place of steam trains in our country. 在我们国家，电力火车已经取代了蒸汽火车。 6. in words 用语言；in a word 总之 Please express your thoughts in words. 请用言语表达你的想法。 In a word, I don’t trust you. 总之，我不相信你。 7. at times 有时、不时；at a time 一次 I do feel a little nervous at times. 有时我确实感到有些紧张。 Pass me the bricks two at a time. 每次递给我两块砖。 8. little 少、不多的；a little 一些、一点儿 Hurry up, there is little time left. 快点，时间不多了。 Don’t hurry, you still have a little time. 不用急，你还有时间。 9. few 很少、几乎没有的；a few 有些、几个
2018年试题 1.【2018·天津】 6. The__________ that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space. A. advice B. order C. possibility D. invitation 【答案】C 【解析】考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。句意：宇宙中其它星球上存在生命这种可能性总是 激励科学家们去探索外部空间。 A. advice建议；B. order命令；C. possibility可能性； D. invitation邀请。故选C。 【解题指导】本题考查名词辨析。名词和动词及短语的考查是高考重点考查的知识点。本题 语法上是一个同位语从句，从句that there is life on other planets in the universe 是来解释说明前面所选择的名词。根据常识可以判断，宇宙中其它星球上存在生命只是一种 可能性，目前无法证明，从而选出正确答案。 2.【2018·江苏】32. Try to understand what’ｓactually happening instead of acting on the _______ you’ve made. A. assignment B. association C. acquisition D. assumption 【答案】D 【解题指导】本题考查名词辨析。名词考查是高考重点考查的知识点。本题抓住句中的关键 词actually happening实际发生和instead of而不是，可知是假设，从而选出正确答案。 2017年试题 【2017·江苏】24.The publication of Great Expectations, which _______ both widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens’ status as a leading novelist. A. is B. are C. was D. were 【答案】C
名词与冠词练习题答案 1.答案：A本题考查冠词。句意：人们在很小的时候就形成了对某种特定的学习方式的偏爱，并且这些偏爱会影响学习。a preference for对……的某种偏爱；at an early age在很小的时候，均为固定搭配，所以正确答案为A。 2答案：D本题考查冠词。句意：这对父母听到儿子需要做膝盖手术的消息很震惊。由语境可知，第一空特指“儿子膝盖要做手术的消息”，news前要加定冠词the；第二空operation作“手术”讲时为可数名词，此处是指“某一个手术”，前要加不定冠词an，故D项正确。 3答案：C句意为：丹·布朗，《达·芬奇密码》的作者，是一位非常著名的美国作家。根据语境可知，第一空author后有of短语作定语，故表示的是特指，应用定冠词the；而第二空表示的是泛指，意为“一位……”，应用不定冠词a。故答案选C。 4答案：C句意为：这份工作不好做，但完成它给我带来了深深的满足感。hard work为不可数名词，在语境中并非特指，故不用冠词；a sense of意为“一种……感”，为固定搭配。a sense of satisfaction意为“满足感”，符合语境。故答案选C。 5答案：C句意为：想要说服他放弃电脑游戏是没有意义的。there is no doubt 意为“毫无疑问”；there is no wonder意为“不足为奇”；there is no point in doing sth.意为“做某事毫无意义，毫无作用”；there is no value意为“毫无价值”。根据语境可知，答案选C。 6答案：D句意为：——哦，我的天呀！1月23日沈阳发生了地震。——真的吗？我当时也在那，但是我根本没有感觉到有地震。第一空后的earthquake 是可数名词，泛指一次地震，用不定冠词；第二空后的earthquake第二次出现，且表示1月23日的那次地震，应用定冠词，表示特指。故答案选D。 7答案：C句意为：通常你穿衣的风格反映(reflection)了你的个性。recognition认可，认出；regulation规定；reaction反应，均不符合语境。故答案选C。 8答案：D句意为：上周末，我们在向导的陪同下，去那个城镇著名的景点转了一圈。have/take a walk意为“散步”，为固定短语，故第一空应用不定冠词a；第二空由于signs后有定语of the famous town修饰限定，因此其前应用定冠词the，表特指。故答案选D。 9答案：A句意为：多年来，科学家们一直担心空气污染对地球环境造成
名词和冠词第一讲 语法项目(一) 名词 [考纲解读·定方向] 语法填空题对名词的考查主要包括名词的单复数和所有格，以及给出动词、形容词等提示词要求写出适当的名词形式。短文改错重点考查名词的单复数、不可数名词、名词与其他词类的词性转化等。解答有关名词的题目时，一定要注意名词前的修饰成分，如数词、量词、常修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词的词或短语等，来判断其是需要可数名词单数形式、复数形式还是不可数名词；有的还要结合语境分析句子成分，来判断是否需要作主语、宾语、表语或定语的名词。 如何确定填单复数、所有格还是派生为名词 [思考趋向] 1．填名词的单复数 若提示词是名词，分析句子成分后发现词性不需要改变，此时应考虑填名词的单复数。 2．填名词的所有格 提示词为名词时，如果作定语表示“……的”，则一般考查名词的所有格。 3．派生为名词 [典例感悟] [典例1](2017·全国卷Ⅲ)She has turned down several ________ (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies. 解析：invitations invitation“邀请”是可数名词，其前有several修饰，应用复数形式。[典例2](2019·湖南师大附中模拟)This could be ________ (Mary) motto——the expression that best captures her spirit. 解析：Mary's 此题考查名词的所有格，根据语境应该表示“玛丽的格言”。 [典例3](2017·浙江卷11月)Of course you have to work at it.You wouldn't think that a few ________ (month) of exercise in your teens would be enough for the rest of your life，and that's also true for building your vocabulary—you have to keep at it daily，and pretty soon you will find that you have an excellent vocabulary. 解析：months 考查名词的数。根据空前的a few及month为可数名词可知，此处表示“几个月的锻炼”，故用month的复数形式。 ________(educate)．her with on carry to determined is 4](2017·全国卷Ⅲ)She 典例[解析：education 根据空格前的修饰语定答案。前面由形容词性物主代词her(她的)修饰，故用educate的名词形式，education是不可数名词。 名词单数变复数的技法
高考英语备考总动员易错点睛系列专题01 名词与冠词 （学生版） 考前必读 名词在历年高考中一直是考察的重点项目之一，每年全国约有一半的高考试题涉及名词。 命题者主要从名词的词义入手，考察近义名词的辨析、形近名词的辨析以及名词的固定搭配 等方便，同时，题干也从呼应、对比等方面提供足够的信息，考察学生根据语境理解和辨析 名词的能力。2012年高考英语试题对名词的考察也会涉及这些方面。 易错点睛 易错点1 忽视抽象名词具体化的用法 【易错题l】—How about ______ Christmas evening party? —I should say it was ______ success. A. a; a B. The; a C. a;不 填 D. the; 不填 易错点3 混淆特指的定冠词和泛指的不定冠词 【易错题1】This area experienced heaviest rainf all in month of May. A 不填; a B a ; the C the ; the D the ; a 【易错题2】In order to find _______ better job , he decided to study _________ second foreign language . A. the ; a B. a ; a C. the ; the D. a ; the
【易错题3】We can never expect bluer sky unless we create less polluted world. A. a; a B. a; the C. the; a D. the; the 易错点3混淆用冠词和不用冠词的不同 【易错题1】Gorge couldn’t remember when he first met Mr. Anderson, but he was sure it was _____ Sunday because everybody was at _______ church. A. /; the B. the; / C. a; / D. /; a 跟踪练习： 1、（2012年郑州市高中毕业年级第一次质量预测英语）—I really admire the people full of _______. I’m alw ays tired. —You’d better take more exercise. A．power B．strength
2017年高考一轮复习专题一名词、冠词和代词
专题一名词、冠词和代词 名词：A卷全国卷 语法填空/单句改错： 1．(2016·全国Ⅰ，61)Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia’s biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top________(attract)．2．(2016·全国Ⅰ，69)The nursery team switches him every few ________(day) with his sister. 3．(2016·全国Ⅰ，短文改错)My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest.________. 4．(2016·全国Ⅱ)Handle the most important tasks first so you’ll feel a real sense of ________(achieve)． 5. (2016·全国Ⅱ)Recent________(study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks regularly. 6．(2016·全国Ⅲ)Visiting an apple event is a good chance to see, and often taste, a wide variety of ________(apple)．7．(2015·全国Ⅰ)I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone
高三英语寒假作业专题01 名词与冠词（学） 名词和冠词 名词是英语的主要词汇之一，也是历年高考的常考点。名词主要考查名词词义辨析、名词的数、名词与其它词组成固定搭配。 名词常以单项填空题、语法填空（语篇填空、）阅读理解、完形填空和短文改错中，名词的一词多义、熟词新意也经常涉及。因此，在备考中一定要结合具体的语境去感悟、理解名词的辨析、名词的一词多义以及名词的习惯用法等。 基本知识复习： （一）名词的相互转换 个体名词与抽象名词的相互转换 成功的人或事 custom风俗，习惯—customs海关damage损害—damages赔偿金 good好处，利益—goods货物time时间—times时代，次数，倍数 fish 鱼肉—fishes 各种鱼paper 纸—papers 试卷，文件 water 水—waters 水域room 空间—rooms 房间 time 时间—times 时代arm 手臂—arms 武器 （三）有些抽象名词有时以复数形式出现，表示具体化，意义发生变化或构成固定短语。 use one’s brains动脑筋meet with difficulties遇到各种困难 make preparations做准备in high spirits 情绪高涨 good manners有礼貌Many thanks.非常感谢。 No pains, no gains.不劳无获。congratulations祝贺 possessions所有物，财产surroundings环境
（四）常考名词辨析：主要考查某些多义词在特定上下文中的引申含义,以及准确辨别一些同义、近义词在特定语境中的差异的能力。常常利用短语来判别使用哪个名词，而不是真正意义上的名词辨析。 冠词 冠词的考查几乎每年都有一两道题，而且基本都设两空。一般情况下，试题的情景较为曲折,句式以复合句为主。另外,在短文改错和语法填空中也常常涉及冠词的考查。考查要点主要包括： 1、定冠词和不定冠词的基本用法。 2、定冠词和不定冠词的特殊用法。抽象名词具体化前冠词的使用情况、比较级前冠词使用的几种情况。 3、冠词的泛指、特指、类指和专指用法。 4、零冠词的运用。另外,还涉及很多冠词与名词的固定搭配。 掌握冠词须把握好以下三个原则： （1）单数可数名词用不定冠词a/an表示泛指； （2）复数可数名词及不可数名词表示泛指时，其前不加冠词； （3）无论可数名词还是不可数名词，表示特指其前都要加定冠词the。 一、不定冠词的主要用法 不定冠词a (an)与数词one 同源，是“一个”的意思。以发音为准，a用于辅音音素前，而an则用于元音音素前。 ◆表示“同一”，相当于the same.如： Birds of a feather flock together; people of a kind fall into the same group. 物以类聚，人以群分。 Cotton of a kind was stored together in a house.(a kind=the same kind) 表示“每”，相当于per. 如：three times a day 表示“一”，相当于one.. 如：I’ll be back in a day or tw o. 表示“某一个”，相当于a certain或some,如： -----Sorry, wrong number. There isn't a Mr. Smith here. 用在某些物质名词或抽象名词前，表示“一种、一类、一份、一场、一阵....”的含义，如： A rainstorm was on the way. 一场暴雨就要来临。 It is an honour to be invited to the meeting.应邀参加这次会议是一件幸事。 Please give me a black coffee! 请给我来杯不加牛奶的咖啡！ ?用在被修饰语限定的独一无二的东西前，如： We all hope to have a peaceful and friendly world. ?用在被修饰语限定的季节，月份，日期，三餐前，如： On a cold rainy night , the poor man was dragging himself on a street alone. What a wonderful lunch! I enjoy it very much. ?用在以下几类固定搭配中。 类（一）动词短语：have a swim /walk /talk /dance /look /quarrel 类（二）介、副词短语： as a rule作为习惯once in a while偶尔,不时in a minute一会儿 in a word简言之get in a word插话all of a sudden突然 as a result (of)由于，因为in a hurry匆忙地be at a loss不知所措 as a matter of fact 实际上eat at a mouthful 一口吃下 one(two, three....)at a time一次一个（两个，三个......） 类（三）习惯搭配：what a / such a/ quite a/ rather a+ adj+单数可数名词 too/ as/ so/how /however +adj +a(n)+单数可数名词 It is too good a chance to be lost.（机不可失，失不在来）
高考英语专题练习（一） 名词与冠词 1．But for tourists like me, pandas are its top ________ （attract）. 2．The nursery team switches him every few ________ （day）with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed. 3．Then, handle the most important tasks first so you'll feel a real sense of ________ （achieve）. 4．Recent ________ （study）show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks regularly. 5．Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, who lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the ________ （develop）of chopsticks. 6．Any smell might attract natural ________ （enemy）that would try to eat the little panda. 7．It is important to pay your electricity bill on time, as late ________ （pay ）may affect your credit. 8．We can achieve a lot when we learn to let our _______ （different）unite, rather than divide us. 9．The nursery team switches him every few days with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed, ________ other is with mum — she never suspects. 10．Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for ________ while, exercising, or doing something you enjoy. 11．We most prefer to say yes to the ________ of someone we know and like.（attempts, requests, doubts, promises）12．I can't tell you ________ way to the Wilsons' because we don't have ________ Wilson here in the village. 13．His English is ________ second to none. And he is going to learn ________ second language in ________ second grade. A．/; a; the B．the; the; a C．/; the; a D．a; the; the 14．The smallest good habits can make a big ________. 15．—Why do you choose to work in an international travel agency? —Well, you know, English is my ________. So it is my best choice.（strength, talent, ability, skill） 16．In the centre of the main road into the town, he placed ______ very large stone. 17．Like many popular restaurants in Paris, ________ （reserve）are hard to get at Dave, so I wasn't surprised to find a complete sign hanging over the red door. 18．He pushed and pulled with all his ________ （strong）to move it. 19．He asked ________ （permit）to introduce his friend, whose name was Mr. Wickham, and who had apparently arrived recently from London. 20．Experts hope the whole society pay more attention to the mental health of ________ （adolescent）. 21．Girls are luckier than boys; they have more flexible ________ （choose）than boys. 22．I have a strong ________ （believe）that one day Chinese students can buy these tickets, too. 23．So I asked her why she sat there in ________ （silent）. 24．About 20 percent of ________ （baby）feel nervous when they see strangers. 25．There was never a time when I had not called him and he did not call me right back within a couple of _______