安徽卓越县中联盟（舒城中学、无为中学等）2019-2020学年高二12月素质检测
英语试卷
（考试时间：120分钟总分：150分）
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the woman suggest the man bring?
A. Milk.
B. Coffee.
C. Tea.
2. What does the man like to do before an exam?
A. Do sports.
B. Read a lot.
C. Relax at home.
3. What did the man do last night?
A. He held a party.
B. He lost his phone.
C. He bought something in
a shop.
4. How many people will go to the football match?
A. Two.
B. Three.
C. Four.
5. What’s the proba ble relationship between the speakers?
A. Mother and son.
B. Brother and sister.
C. Teacher and student.
第二节
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where does the conversation take place?
A. At a bookshop.
B. At a museum.
C. At a library.
7. Which direction does the woman point the man?
A. Straight ahead.
B. To the right.
C. To the left.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. How did the man injure himself?
A. By biking.
B. By playing soccer.
C. By riding his
skateboard.
9. Where will the woman take the man?
A. To the hospital.
B. To the school gate.
C. To his coach’s office.
10. What is the woman trying to do?
A. Comfort the man.
B. Make fun of the man.
C. Check the man’s
injury.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Where does the man want to go?
A. To his office.
B. To the airport.
C. T o Johnson’s
house.
12. Which way does the man say to avoid?
A. The freeway.
B. The bridge.
C. The small roads.
13. How soon will the man probably get to his destination?
A. In 20 minutes.
B. In 30 minutes.
C. In 45 minutes.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What did Helen decide to do?
A. Go on a business trip.
B. Look for a new job.
C. Start
volunteering.
15. What does the man think Helen should do?
A. Have a relaxed life.
B. Run her own business.
C. Join a community
group.
16. What is Jessica’s attitude toward Helen’s decision?
A. Concerned.
B. Surprised.
C. Supportive.
17. Where are Helen’s kids now?
A. At primary school.
B. At college.
C. At work.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What is the speaker mainly talking about?
A. All kinds of animals.
B. His job as an animal doctor.
C. Special treatment for animals.
19. What animals does the speaker see the most?
A. Rabbits.
B. Cows and sheep.
C. Dogs and cats.
20. How was the giraffe’s neck problem solved?
A. With a piece of metal.
B. With a piece of plastic.
C. With a piece of
water pipe.
第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
“C limate emergency”, Oxford Dictionary
Oxford Dictionaries has declared “climate emergency”, a situation in which urgent action is required to reduce or halt climate change and avoid potentially unchangeable environmental damage resulting from it, the word of the year for 2019.
Oxford said the words rocket ed from “relative unknown” to “one of the most important terms of 2019”, following a sharply increase in usage.
“U pcycling”, Cambridge Dictionary
Cambridge Dictionary has named “upcycling”, the activity of making new items out of old or used things, as its Word of the Year 2019. Upcycling was chosen as the “Word of the Day” which received more likes than any other ‘Word of the Day’ when shared on 4 July 2019. "We think it's the positive idea behind upcycling that appeals more than the word itself," said Wendalyn Nichols, Publishing Manager of the Cambridge Dictionary. "Stopping the process of climate change, let alone changing it, can seem impossible at times. Upcycling is a concrete action a single human being can take to make a difference.
"Climate strike", Collins Dictionary
"Climate strike" was picked by Collins Dictionary after being used on average 100 times more this year than in 2018, which is defined as "a form of protest in which people absent themselves from education or work in order to join demonstrations(示威游行) demanding action to resist climate change". The term was first recorded four years ago when pupils skipped school to protest over global warming - but the movement
has grown over the last year.
21. What does the underlined word “halt” probably mean?
A. Stop.
B. Cause.
C. Increase.
D. Start.
22. What are the words “C limate emergency”, “U pcycling” and “Climate strike”related to?
A. Climate.
B. Environment.
C. Protecting the Earth.
D. Protecting the animals.
23. What is probably the best title of the text?
A. The Earth in the Trouble
B. The Year Words in 2019
C. The Dictionaries in Need
D. The Main Problems in 2019
B
It was a dinner party from hell(地狱). Not because of the lovely guests. The problem was that they were all experts in cooking. And they were all waiting for a pudding I had cooked for them.
I lifted my spoon high above the poached (水煮) peach and readied myself for it to sink easily into the peach. Instead the spoon bent at the neck. The fruit was hard, even though it had been cooked for an hour.
It was my stupid mistake. Over the past two years or so, I have passed judgment on the cooking skills of over 100 chefs. I thought it could now be fun to get some chefs to pass judgment on me. Little did I know what I was letting myself in for.
The starter was a French onion pie. It's a classic dish and would be a test of my skills. And it's the only cooked starter I know how to do.
Next, the main course. My wife suggested doing the mutton first. I agreed. It's a good dinner party dish because even if you overcook the meat, it's still a pleasure. The mutton is filled with a mixture of small pieces of bread, tomatoes, olives and so on. The only problem is that in this condition the meat has to come out pink, which fortunately it did.
As to the pudding, I would do peaches poached in Muscat wine with cream. There was only one problem that I had forgotten that peaches were out of season and much like rocks.
What did the guest chefs say about my cooking ability? “With all good dinner parties, as with the best restaurants, the food is by no means the only important thing and it was exciting that the party combined great diners and my hosts' generosity.
And the food? As it happens, it was really rather good — should have had a cheese course though. And the plates could have been hotter.”
24. What did the author mean by saying it was “a dinner party from hell”?
A. The guests were knowledgeable about cooking.
B. He was hopelessly disorganized.
C. The guests were not welcomed.
D. He failed to make a pudding.
25. Why did the author hold the dinner party?
A. To advertise his restaurant.
B. To find out how it felt to be judged.
C. To express his thanks to the 100 chefs.
D. To ask for opinions about his new dish.
26. What was the key to the success of the mutton dish?
A. Getting the cooking time right.
B. Making the mutton have proper taste.
C. Mixing the food in order.
D. Using the right cooker.
27. What was the author's problem according to the guests' judgment?
A. He had presented the meal improperly.
B. He had missed out an important dish.
C. He had served the food on hot plates.
D. He had bought fruit out of season.
C
Make School is one of the most unusual schools in the country: It lets students enter school for free if they agree to pay later after they land a job.
Ashu Desai helped create Make School in 2012. The goal at Make School is not getting good grades. It's putting together a list of practical work able to impress Silicon Valley companies and let them make job offers.
Make School runs programs of varying lengths. Its “Product College” is a two-year computer science program that combines internships (实习) at big-name Silicon Valley companies with classes that are light on class and heavy on projects. The goal is for graduating students to have created games or other apps they can take to job interviews.
Make School depends on an “income-share agreement,” which a llows students to go to school and not have to take out debts — if they agree to pay the school a part of their future earnings.
About 85 percent of the Product College students are men. But Desai said the school is working together with organizations like Girls Who Code to raise the number of women.
Lauren Weiss, 18, has attended two summer programs at Make School. While she's heading to college in her home state of Colorado this fall, it's mostly because she earned a full-ride scholarship, not because she thinks it'll be better than the Product College.
“They're able to teach students more than any other program ever could,” she said. “People really are pushed to grow.”
But Barmak Nassirian, director of federal policy at the American Association of State Colleges and Universities, warned that there are few rules and students may fall into traps if they don't read the terms carefully.
Nassirian also said he was somewhat encouraged by Make School, though, in part because of the investors who have backed it.
28. What makes Make School different from other schools?
A. It is run by big-name companies.
B. It can provide job offers for students.
C. It allows students to pay after getting jobs.
D. It focuses on grades more than practical work.
29. What c an we learn about “Product College”?
A. It designs apps for students.
B. It helps students pay back their debts.
C. It interviews students for Silicon Valley.
D. It is trying to attract more women students.
30. What is Lauren Weiss's opinion about Make School?
A. It is a school worth attending.
B. It values school rules above all else.
C. It is poorer than colleges in Colorado.
D. It offers various entertainment programs.
31. What is Barmak Nassirian's attitude to Make School?
A. Optimistic.
B. Unclear.
C. Doubtful.
D. Objective.
D
Elizabeth Bishop is considered one of the best American poets of the 20th century. She was born in Worcester, Massachusetts in 1911. Her dad died when she was just a baby and her mom never recovered from the loss; she went to live with her grandparents in Nova Scotia, Canada when she was five. Eventually Bishop attended Vassar College, where she began to write poetry.
At Vassar she discovered Marianne Moore's poetry and met “Ms. Moore” and began their life-long friendship. She later met poet Robert Lowell. She wrote tons and tons of letters to both of them, which is good for us because we would otherwise know very little of her personal life. Bishop's poetry is sometimes considered objective and cold because it shows almost nothing about the poet or her life.
Bishop published her first book of poetry in 1946 and wrote until her death in 1979. She would spend years working on a single poem. Her poems are not the result of hasty scribbling (匆忙乱写) on paper while eating breakfast. Over a lifetime of writing, she only published about 275 pages of poetry, and about 40 of those are translations. She would look through drafts of poems again and again and improve them until they were as close to perfect as she could get them.
Reading Elizabeth Bishop is like being transported to the very place, the very moment she's writing about. She leads us to a microscope so we can see every smallest part of the scene. It seems she's always asking us to notice more, and more until the poem is so clear in our minds that it's almost painful — like a light that's too bright. It might take your eyes a while to get used to it, but once they do, you'll like what you see.
32. What do we know about Bishop's early life?
A. She started to write poems at five.
B. She was always encouraged by her parents.
C. She spent her childhood mainly in Worcester.
D. She was mainly brought up by her grandparents.
33. Why are Bishop's letters to Moore and Lowell important?
A. They have a deep influence on other poets.
B. They offer much information about her life.
C. They help us study Moore and Lowell's poetry.
D. They prove she had friendships with famous poets.
34. What can we say about Bishop's poetic creation?
A. She liked to write in the morning.
B. She could write poems at high speed.
C. She tried her best to achieve perfection.
D. She published hundreds of books of poetry.
35. What does the text mainly talk about?
A. Elizabeth Bishop’s friendship with other poets.
B. The general introduction of American poet Elizabeth Bishop .
C. The general introduction of Elizabeth Bishop’s poetry .
D. Elizabeth Bishop’s influence on us understanding poetry.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Stress is so common that many people choose to ignore it. But without proper management, stress can become much more serious. Listed here are 5 proven ways to deal with stress.
1. Breathe
36 Slow, deep breathing stops the mind focusing on whatever else might be going on, and actively lowers stress levels. Practicing breathing can help you to build up a great attitude to your life.
2. Write
Instead of allowing a disorder of thoughts and ideas to jump around inside your head, let them fall out onto your computer keyboard instead. 37 They don't even have to make sense. Minutes later, you might be surprised at how light, airy and carefree you feel.
3. Walk
If you're feeling stressed, drop everything and go for a walk. 38 Walking provides your body with an ideal relief for the build-up of energy that stress can create.
4. Sleep
Sleep is certainly necessary for avoiding high stress levels. Everyone needs good
amounts of rest, and remaining glued to a computer screen and working for the whole day without taking a break will result in stress. 39
5. Laugh
If you're stressed, the last thing you probably feel like doing is laughing. 40 If you are able to smile during your day, you'll soon begin to see the effects of stress slowly disappear.
A. Stress is not good for people's health.
B. Deep breathing lowers the blood pressure.
C. Laughing can calm the nerves and reduce stress.
D. Or write down your feelings onto a piece of paper.
E. Keep yourself at an easy speed and breathe properly.
F. Taking a deep breath in stressful situations has proven to be helpful.
G. Take frequent breaks away from the screen and see your stress disappear.
第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Although the argument has been made that money spent on pets could better be directed to programs that provide assistance for poor people, I 41 that pets should be treated like family members because they 42 us and communicate with us like family members do. Often parents allow children to have pets in order to 43 them to be responsible. By feeding, walking, and 44 a dog, children learn to be dependable and 45 . Parents expect their children to 46 the pets as if they were family members to learn these valuable lessons. For many children, a pet is also a best friend and a 47 way to learn how to treat a(n) 48 brother or sister when the family expands.
Besides the 49 that children enjoy with animals, pets can replace the absence of other family members. Sometimes a couple who is 50 to have children will keep pets. They shower the 51 on their pets that they might have provided a child, and receive companionship in return. Many people who are living 52 enjoy the companionship of a pet instead of loved ones who are at a distance or have 53 . The pet becomes a family member for these people and deserves the same kind of treatment that a family member would get.
Many articles have appeared 54 the benefits of pets to the disabled and the elderly. In addition to the 55 services that pets may provide, such as bringing objects to their owners or helping a blind owner to walk in unfamiliar 56 , there is evidence that people who keep pets live 57 than those who don't have pets. In a real sense, these pets are caring for their 58 like family members would, and for this reason, they should be treated like family. At every 59 in life we interact with our pets in the same ways that we interact with family. Children, young married couples, and elderly people have 60 to treat their pets like family members.
41. A. agree B. explain C. doubt D. demand
42. A. turn to B. pay attention to C. live with D. keep
up with
43. A. teach B. advise C. force D. allow
44. A. looking at B. taking notice of C. learning from D.taking
care of
45. A. strict B. kind C. brave D. curious
46. A. treat B. serve C. trust D.
respect
47. A. traditional B. quick C. similar D. good
48. A. new B. smart C. ill D. single
49. A. talk B. trip C. friendship D. holiday
50. A. afraid B. unable C. ready D.
pleasant
51. A. hope B. praise C. love D. happiness
52. A. together B. abroad C. around D. alone
53. A. passed away B. turned up C. set off D. grown
up
54. A. promising B. showing C. recording D. bringing
55. A. perfect B. possible C. familiar D. usual
56. A. cities B. companies C. surroundings D. rooms
57. A. better B. longer C. more easily D. more
simply
58. A. babies B. partners C. parents D. owners
59. A. moment B. corner C. stage D. level
60. A. courage B. reason C. interest D. time
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Celebrating the Minor Festival(小年)
The 23rd of La is celebrated as the Minor Festival, the festival mood of __61__ begins to pick up, from 23rd of La onwards. There are more and more traders’ stands along the streets filled with __62__ variety of Spring Festival goods that catch the eyes: Spring Festival couplets, New Year paintings, window __63__ (decoration), paper cuts, fireworks etc. You can hear traders calling for business up and down the streets. The Minor Festival is also known__64__the Kitchen God Day. In the past, Kitchen God, __65__ (place) next above or next to the stove, was adored in every household. On this day, Kitchen God was to go and report to Jade Emperor(玉帝) in Heaven what he__66__ (witness) on earth. Kitchen God was believed to be able to determine fortunes or misfortunes of the household, to make it rich or poor, __67__, the household took great care to adore Kitchen God as best they could and not to disrespect him in any event. Among the offerings presented to Kitchen God, there was the __68__ (stick) sugar. When Kitchen God took it, his teeth and lips got stuck up and couldn’t rep ort to Jade Emperor for anything that would be harmful to the household. __69__ the adoring was over, the picture of Kitchen God __70__ (burn) and people believed he went up to Heaven while crackers were fired.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
My grandmother don't even know how to call someone from a mobile phone. Last week I read a report and it said unless seniors feel connecting to technology, it can do harm their physical and mental health. Being able to use a mobile phone can help
improve their healthy. Therefore, I decided to teach she how to use one. Now she can not only make calls, and she can also text and play games to have a fun. She asked me to teach her friends as well, to that I gladly agreed. Her friends were all quite happily. Now I'm thinking about teach them more new things.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）假定你是李华。你的美国朋友David发来电子邮件，说他最近很忙，打算放弃申请做他们市运动会志愿者的机会。请你根据所给要点，用英语给他回一封电子邮件。
1. 劝他不要放弃；
2. 陈述理由；
3. 表达祝愿。
注意：词数100左右（开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数）。
Dear David,
________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________
Sincerely yours,
Li Hua
英语参考答案
听力：1-5 CAABB 6-10 CACBA 11-15 BABCA 16-20 CBBCC
阅读理解：21-23 ACB 24-27 ABAB 28-31 CDAD 32-35 DBCB
七选五：36-40 FDEGC
完形填空：41-45 ACADB 46-50 ADACB 51-55 CDABD 56-60 CBDCB
语法填空：
61.which 62.a 63.decorations 64.as 65.placed 66.had witnessed 67.thus/therefore 68.sticky 69.When/ After 70.was burned /was burnt
改错：
My grandmother don't even know how to call someone from a mobile phone.
didn’t
Last week I read a report and it said unless seniors feel connecting to technology,
connected
it can do harm ＾their physical and mental health. Being able to use a
to
mobile phone can help improve their healthy. Therefore, I decided to teach she
health her
how to use one. Now she can not only make calls, and she can also text and play
but或去掉and
games to have a fun. She asked me to teach her friends as well, to that I gladly 去掉a which
agreed. Her friends were all quite happily. Now I'm thinking about teach them
happy teaching
more new things.
书面表达One possible version:
Dear David,
I'm very glad to hear from you but surprised to learn that you want to give up applying to work as a volunteer for the sports meeting which will be held in your city.
In my opinion, you have many advantages. First of all, you are a native and thus know your city very well. In addition, you are easy to get along with and warm-hearted, which is especially important for a volunteer. Most importantly, it is a good chance to improve yourself. You can help many people and make many new friends.
All in all, I hope you won't give up, as I believe you can make it in the end.
Sincerely yours,
Li Hua
听力原文录音稿
Text 1
M: I like drinking tea, but Max only has coffee and milk whenever we visit him. W: You can bring some with you. I’m sure he won’t mind.
Text 2
W: People say you should do lots of reading the day before an exam, but I think the best way to do well in an exam is relax the day before.
M: Well, everyone has different opinions. I like to exercise.
Text 3
W: I lost my phone yesterday. That’s why I didn’t get your message. I hope I won’t have to buy a new one.
M: That’s too bad! I had a party last night and wanted you to come.
Text 4
W: Do you want to come to the football match? I have a spare ticket. My friend was going to come but he’s ill.
M: I already have a ticket. Could I bring my sister? She’d love to see the match. W: Sure.
Text 5
W: Get up quickly! It’s Sunday!
M: Don’t open the curtains! Can’t I sleep in today? We don’t need to go to school. W: Not a chance! It’s mom’s birthday, remember? We have a lot to do before she wakes up.
Text 6
M: Excuse me? I’m looking for On the Origin of Species. Do you know anything about it?
W: Of course. It’s Charles Darwin’s most famous work, and one of the most important contributions to science in human history. You’ll find it in the history section.
I believe we still have one copy left.
M: This is my first time here. I’m afraid I’ll have difficulty finding it. Could you point me the right direction?
W: Certainly. Just walk straight to the back wall. It’s just on your right.
M: Thanks for your help.
Text 7
W: Jack, your ankle!
M: Well, I fell off my skateboard just now.
W: Let me take you to the school gate. Mrs. Bee will call an ambulance.
M: Oh, man! Coach Jackson is going to kill me. I won’t be able to play soccer! W: Don’t think about that now. Just tak e a deep breath.
M: How bad is it? It’s bad, isn’t it?
W: Well, it’s not good. Hey, remember that time I fell off my bike into the mud? M: Yeah, that was pretty funny.
W: Do you remember what you called me?
M: The mud monster, ha-ha! Thanks, I feel better already.
Text 8
W: Hello. Are you David?
M: Yes, I called you about 20 minutes ago. Sorry to keep you waiting.
W: That’s OK. Where to?
M: I’ve got a 3:15 flight to catch and I’m running late. Do you think we can make it? I need to be there an hour ahead of time. Otherwise, I’ll probably miss it. W: Hmm…let’s see. I could probably take…
M: Don’t take the freeway. It’s backed up to Oak Street.
W: I know. If I take the side roads all the way to Johnson’s Bridge, I can get past
all the heavy traffic. I think I can get there in 30 minutes.
M: Really? I’ve never made it there in less than 45 minutes.
W: I’m a taxi driver. I do this for a living.
M: OK, then. If you can make it, I’ll give you an extra $10 tip.
W: You’ve got yourself a deal!
Text 9
W: My sister Helen is starting a volunteer organization to help poor primary school students!
M: Really? How come?
W: Well, she has always loved helping others. But her husband often had to travel for work, so she stayed at home to raise their three kids. Now that they’re all grown up, she has time to do other things.
M: So, she wants to start a community group?
W: Yeah, it’s a kids’ center, actually. She has been thinking about it forever. M: It’s great that she can make her dream come true. But Jessica, I think people should slow things down as they get older. Running a new business and finding volunteers might be a lot for her to take on.
W: Yeah, but she already told her husband about it, and he loves the idea. So do I. We’re definitely going to help, and her kids ar e excited to volunteer when they come home from college every vacation.
M: Well, that’s great. Good luck with everything.
Text 10
As an animal doctor, I meet many kinds of animals. You may think that an animal doctor mainly sees animals that are very sick or badly treated, but that is not always the case. People who bring their pets to see an animal doctor are usually animal lovers and care greatly for their pets. In fact, it is a pity we do not get to see more animals that are really in need of treatment. Of course, most animals that I often see are cats and dogs, with a few rabbits. I treat kangaroos and snakes at the local zoo sometimes. Perhaps my biggest and strangest challenge was treating a giraffe for neck problems. It is normally quite easy to fit something to an animal to stop it bending
its neck. Obviously, for a giraffe this is a big problem. I tried various pieces of plastic and metal until I came up with a solution — a very long water pipe. My work also takes me to farms where I look after cows, sheep and so on. I think my job is very important and I like my job.
2020届安徽省六安市舒城中学高考仿真模拟（一） 语文试题 学校_________ 班级__________ 姓名__________ 学号__________ 一、现代文阅读 1. 阅读下面的文字，完成小题。 中国山水诗作为一个独立的诗歌品种起源于南朝。虽然，以景起兴、诗中引入自然景物的描写可以追溯到更远，但这些都不能算是山水诗。山水诗的产生是以山水意识的觉醒为前提的，即依赖于人对自然的某种审美关系的建立。人与自然关系的历史经历了一个发展的过程。在远古时代，大自然的风雨雷电、荒蛮混沌曾经威胁着刚刚脱胎于自然的童年的人类。人们为了摆脱这种威胁，把自然人格化，这便产生了关于自然的神话传说，在中国远古神话中就有所谓河伯雨师等等人格化的自然神。这也表明人类刚刚从自然的沉睡中醒来，但自然与人的区分还不是很明确。 到了《诗经》《楚辞》时代，人在自然中的地位已经发生了根本性的变化。但人与自然之间的关系是相对和谐的，这在艺术上便表现为人对自然的移情，因而在诗中以自然景物起兴、措景抒情的例子便屡见不鲜。 山水意识的萌生、山水精神的兴起实质上是文化人类在一定的文明水平上意识到与自然的分离，主动向自然复归的一种意向。当然，山水诗在南朝时代产生还有特定的社会和思想背景。这时，人们对自然的看法、自然山水在诗中的地位发生了根本的变化。 我们看到，经过几代诗人的发展，原来在诗中作为抒情载体的景物，变成了主住的景物，自然在诗中具有了本体的意义。山水诗的品格由此而确立，同时也标志着一种新的艺术精神的诞生。我们不妨作一个比较，《诗经》中写景名句不少，如“蒹葭苍苍，白露为霜”、“昔我往矣，杨柳依依。今我来思，雨雪霏霏”，但这些景物在诗中只起着衬托和起兴作用，从属于所抒发的一情感。而到了谢灵运，情况就截然不同。谢诗中的景物已经不再居于从属地位，虽然没有达到后来王维“明月松间照，清泉石上流”中的“全意象”境界，但景物的意义完全改 变了，它由原来的背景变为“前景”，有了独立的本体意义。“池塘生春草，园柳变鸣禽”，我们宁愿不把它看作什么隐曲的政治讽喻，而视为纯粹自然的“呈现”。 区别就在这里，在山水诗中，自然成其为自然，它自我呈现；而在抒情诗中，自然景物仅仅是载体，渗透了诗人的主观情感，它在诗中是一个客体，是
一、等差数列选择题 1．已知等差数列{}n a 的公差d 为正数，()()111,211, n n n a a a tn a t +=+=+为常数，则 n a =（ ） A ．21n - B ．43n - C ．54n - D ．n 2．南宋数学家杨辉《详解九张算法》和《算法通变本末》中，提出垛积公式，所讨论的高阶等差数列与一般等差数列不同，前后两项之差不相等，但是逐项差数之差或者高次成等差数列.在杨辉之后一般称为“块积术”.现有高阶等差数列，其前7项分别1，7，15，27，45，71，107，则该数列的第8项为（ ） A ．161 B ．155 C ．141 D ．139 3．等差数列{}n a 中，22a =，公差2d =，则10S =（ ） A ．200 B ．100 C ．90 D ．80 4．已知数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ，15a =，且满足 122527 n n a a n n +-=--，若p ，*q ∈N ，p q >，则p q S S -的最小值为（ ） A ．6- B ．2- C ．1- D ．0 5．设数列{}n a 的前n 项和2 1n S n =+. 则8a 的值为（ ）． A ．65 B ．16 C ．15 D ．14 6．已知数列{}n a 为等差数列，2628a a +=，5943a a +=，则10a =（ ） A ．29 B ．38 C ．40 D ．58 7．设等差数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ，10a <且11101921 a a =，则当n S 取最小值时，n 的值为（ ） A ．21 B ．20 C ．19 D ．19或20 8．已知等差数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ，若936S S =，则6 12S S =（ ） A ． 17 7 B ． 83 C ． 143 D ． 103 9．数列{}n a 是项数为偶数的等差数列，它的奇数项的和是24，偶数项的和为30，若它的末项比首项大21 2 ，则该数列的项数是（ ） A ．8 B ．4 C ．12 D ．16 10．设等差数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ，若2938a a a +=+，则15S =（ ） A ．60 B ．120 C ．160 D ．240 11．已知{}n a 为等差数列，n S 是其前n 项和，且100S =，下列式子正确的是（ ）
【课标导 航】 1.掌握抛物线的定义, 2.抛物线的标准方程和几何性质 、选择题 1 .过抛物线 AB =( A. 10 2.过抛物线 AOB (第12天抛物线 2 y = 4x的焦点作直线交抛物线于 A. 小于90° 3.若抛物线 B. 8 =2px（p> 0）的焦点且垂直于 B. 等于90o 2px的焦点与椭圆 X2 A(X i,yJ、 C. 6 x轴的弦长为 C.大于90° 1的右焦点重 合, B(X i,yJ ,若X i+ X2 = 6 ,则 D. 4 AB , O为抛物线顶点，则 D.不确定 则p的值为 A.—2 B.2 C. D.4 4.过抛物线ax2(a> 0)的焦点F作一直线交抛物线于P 、 Q两点,若线段PF与FQ的长分别是 A. 2a B.丄2a C. 4a D. 5 . 抛物线X2上到直线2X - y - 4= 0距离最短的点的坐标为 代（J） B. (3 9) (2'4) C. (2,4) D. (1,1) 6 . 已知点P是抛物线y2 4x上的一个动点，则点P到点（0, 2）的距离与点P到该抛物线准线的距离之和的最小值为
则m 等于 中O 为坐标原点)，贝U ABO 与 AFO 面积之和的最小值是 17 2 8 二、填空题 9. 一动圆M 和直线l : x= - 2相切,且经过点F(2,0),则圆心的轨迹方程是 10.已知点P 是抛物线y 2 4x 上任意一点，P 点到y 轴的距离为d ,对于给定的点A (4, 5), PA + d 的最小值是 ________ . ______ 2 11.设F 为抛物线C : y =3x 的焦点，过F 且倾斜角为30的直线交C 于A , B 两点，则 AB 12.若抛物线y 2 = 4x 截直线y = 2x+ m 所得弦长 AB = 3/5.以AB 为底边，以x 轴上点 P 为顶点组 成 PAB 的面积为39,则点P 的坐标为 _____________________ 三、解答题 13.已知抛物线y 2 2x 的焦点是F,点P 是抛物线上的动点，又有点A(3,2),求PA PF 的 最小值，并求出 取最小值时P 点的坐标. A .￥ B . ,5 C . 2 2 D .3 7?抛物线y 2x 2上两点 A(X i ，yJ 、B(X 2，y 2)关于直线 y m 对称，且x 1 x 2 A. 3 2 8.已知F 是抛物线y 2 C.5 2 x 的焦点，点A , B 在该抛物线上且位于 B. 2 D. 3 uuu uLur x 轴的两侧，OA OB 2(其 ? . 10
2019-2020学年安徽省六安市舒城中学高一（上）第一次月考历 史试卷 一、单项选择题（本大题共35小题，每小题2分，计70分．） 1. 《礼记》记述了贵族朝会的列位礼节：天子南向而立；三公，中阶之前；诸侯，阼 阶（东台阶）之东；诸伯，西阶之西；诸子，门东……九夷，东门外；八蛮，南门外。 与此相关的政治制度是（） A.分封制 B.三公九卿制 C.郡县制 D.郡国并行制 【答案】 A 【考点】 分封制 【解析】 【解答】 从材料信息看，贵族朝会时，天子、三公、诸侯、诸伯、诸子、九夷、八蛮等都有严 格的列位礼节，这种礼仪规定体现了分封制下的等级特征，A项正确； 材料中的“公”是爵位，而“三公九卿制”中的“公”是官职，B项错误； “郡县制”和“郡国并行制”都与材料中公、侯、伯、子所体现的“封邦建国”的本义相悖，C、D两项错误。 故选A。 2. 中国传统家族有“长兄如父”“小儿不及长孙”的说法。这些说法体现的是（） A.家族和睦 B.等级秩序 C.贵族世袭 D.宗法观念 【答案】 D 【考点】 宗法制 【解析】 本题主要考查西周的宗法制。 【解答】 “长兄如父”“小儿不及长孙”的说法，反映了“长子”“长孙”在家族中的地位至关重要，这 是受宗法观念的影响，故D项正确； 材料无法体现家族和睦、等级秩序和贵族世袭等信息，故排除A、B、C三项。 故选D。 3. 西周以血缘关系为纽带的宗法制，不仅是周朝分封制的基础，对后世也有深刻影响。这表现在（） A.一夫多妻习俗长期延续 B.皇位继承“立嫡不以长” C.诸子平等的财产继承权 D.婚姻中的“门当户对” 【答案】 B 【考点】 宗法制 【解析】
2019-2020学年高二第一学期期末数学试卷 一、选择题 1．经过点A（1，3），斜率为2的直线方程是（） A．2x﹣y﹣1＝0 B．2x+y+1＝0 C．2x+y﹣1＝0 D．2x﹣y+1＝0 2．椭圆的焦距是（） A．B．C．1 D．2 3．已知直线m，n和平面α，β，γ，下列条件中能推出α∥β的是（）A．m?α，n?β，m∥n B．m⊥α，m⊥β C．m?α，n?α，m∥β，n∥βD．α⊥γ，β⊥γ 4．圆x2+y2﹣2x＝0和x2+y2+4y＝0的位置关系是（） A．相离B．外切C．相交D．内切 5．已知a、b是异面直线，P是a、b外的一点，则下列结论中正确的是（）A．过P有且只有一条直线与a、b都垂直 B．过P有且只有一条直线与a、b都平行 C．过P有且只有一个平面与a、b都垂直 D．过P有且只有一个平面与a、b都平行 6．如图，△ABC中，AB＝BC，∠ABC＝120°，若以A，B为焦点的双曲线的渐近线经过点C，则该双曲线的离心率为（） A．B．C．D． 7．直线y＝kx+3与圆（x﹣3）2+（y﹣2）2＝4相交于M，N两点，若|MN|≥2，则k的取值范围是（） A．[﹣，0] B．[﹣∞，﹣]∪[0，+∞] C．[﹣，] D．[﹣，0]
8．正四面体ABCD，CD在平面α内，点E是线段AC的中点，在该四面体绕CD旋转的过程中，直线BE与平面α所成角不可能是（） A．0 B．C．D． 9．已知两点，到直线l的距离均等于a，且这样的直线可作4条，则a的取值范围是（） A．a≥1 B．0＜a＜1 C．0＜a≤1 D．0＜a＜2 10．如图，正四面体ABCD中，P、Q、R在棱AB、AD、AC上，且AQ＝QD，＝＝，分别记二面角A﹣PQ﹣R，A﹣PR﹣Q，A﹣QR﹣P的平面角为α、β、γ，则（） A．β＜γ＜αB．γ＜β＜αC．α＞γ＞βD．α＞β＞γ 二、填空题 11．若圆x2+y2+2ax+y﹣1＝0的圆心在直线y＝x上，则a的值是，半径为．12．若直线l1：x+my+6＝0与l2：（m﹣2）x+3y+2m＝0互相平行，则m的值为，它们之间的距离为． 13．某几何体的三视图如图所示，则该几何体的体积为，外接球的表面积为．
2 第17天选修1-1综合测试题 、选择题 1. “ab<0”是“方程 ax 2+ by 2= 1表示双曲线”的 ( ) A .充分非必要条件 B .必要非充分条件 C.充要条件 D.既不充分也不必要条件 2 . 椭圆x 2+ my = 1的焦点在y 轴上，长轴长是短轴长的 2倍，贝U m 的值是 ( ) 1 1 代4 B. 2 C. 2 D .4 3. f '(x 0) 0是函数f (x)在点x 0处取极值的 A.充分不必要条件 D.既不充分也不必要条件 2 线相切；命题q ：过双曲线x 2 ' 1右焦点F 的最短弦长是8。则 4 A . q 为真命题 C." p 且q ”为真命题 B . “ p 或q ”为假命 题 D." p 或q ”为真命题 是底角为30°的等腰三角形，则 E 的离心率为 5.若函数f(x) 3 2 ax bx cx d 有极值，则导函数 f (x)的图象不可能是 () 2 2 6.设F , F 2是椭圆E : ^2 与 1(a a b b 0)的左、右焦点，P 为直线x 3a 上-一 ?占 —I~*■ 八 '、： F 2PF 1 4 ?给出两个命题: P ：平面内直线I 与抛物线y 2 2x 有且只有一个交点，则直线 I 与该抛物 B 必要不充分条件 C.充要条件
与双曲线左、 A. 1 2 B. C. D. 7 ?已知点P 在曲线 -上， 为曲线在点P 处的切线的倾斜角, 1 的取值范围是 A.[0, ) 4 D.[3 4 C. (-,^-] 2 4 8?设F 为双曲线 x 2 16 1的左焦点，在 x 轴上F 点的右侧有一点 FA 为直径的圆 右两支在x 轴上方的交点分别为 FN 1 FM 1 FA \17 2 一 5 空 代 填 、 二 5 一 4 D 9?已知椭圆 2 X 16 2 弋 1 的左、右焦点分别为F 1，F 2，点P 在椭圆上，若PEL 是一个直 角三角形的三个顶点，则点 P 到X 轴的距离为 ________ ? 2 2 10.椭圆 冷 占 1的长轴长为6，右焦点F 是抛物线x 2 8y 的焦点，则该椭圆的离心率等 a 2 b 2 于 _______ . 11.设函数 f (x)的导数为 f(x),且 f(x) 2X f (1)1 nx 12.右图是抛物线形拱桥，当水面在 l 时，拱顶离水面2米, 降 1米后，水面宽 _________ 米. 三、解答题 13?已知命题 p ： X 2 7x 10 0，命题 q ： X 2 2x 1 a 1 a 0,(a 0)，若 是“ 的必要而不充分条件，求 a 的取值范围 的值为 则 M 、 N , f (2),则f (2)的值是 水面宽4米，水位下
安徽省六安市舒城中学2019-2020学年高一下学期 第一次月考数学(理)试题 学校_________ 班级__________ 姓名__________ 学号__________ 一、单选题 1. 在等差数列中，，，则（） A．2 B．5 C．9 D．11 2. 若点在角的终边上,则的值为（）A．B．C．D． 3. 在中，，，，则（）. A．30°B．45°C．45°或135°D．60° 4. 在△中，为边上的中线，为的中点，则 A．B． C．D． 5. 等比数列中，，，则 （） A．B．C．D． 6. 的三内角A，B，C所对边的长分别为a，b，c．设向量 ，．若，则C等于（）． A．B．C．D．
7. 在中，已知分别是边上的三等分点，则的值是（） A．B． C．6 D．7 8. 已知是内部一点，，且，则的面积为（） A．B． C．D． 9. 函数的部分图象如图所示，则的单调递减区间为（） A．B． C．D． 10. 如图，点P在矩形ABCD内，且满足，若，， 则等于（） A．B． C． D．3
11. 设锐角的三个内角A，B，C所对的边分别为心a，b，c，若， ，则b的取值范围是( ) A．B．C．D． 12. 在直角梯形中，，，，，，为线段（含端点）上的一个动点.设，，对于函数，下列描述正确的是（） A．的最大值和无关B．的最小值和无关 C．的值域和无关D．在其定义域上的单调性和无关 二、填空题 13. 已知向量，满足，，且，则在方向上的投影为_______. 14. 已知，，若所成角为锐角，则实数的取值范围是______. ______. 三、解答题 15. 在△中，角，，的对边分别为，，，若 ，，则的取值范围是______． 四、填空题 16. 已知数列满足，，则__________． 五、解答题
安徽省六安市舒城中学《全反射》单元测试题(含答案) 一、全反射选择题 1．如图所示，一束光从空气中射向折射率为n＝2的某种玻璃的表面，θ1表示入射角，则下列说法中正确的是() A．当θ1>45°时会发生全反射现象 B．只有当θ1＝90°时才会发生全反射 C．无论入射角θ1是多大，折射角θ2都不会超过45° D．欲使折射角θ2＝30°，应以θ1＝45°的角度入射 E.当入射角的正切tan θ1＝2时，反射光线和折射光线恰好互相垂直 2．水下一点光源，发出a、b两单色光。人在水面上方向下看，水面中心I区域有a光、b 光射出，Ⅱ区域只有a光射出，如图所示。下列判断不正确的是（） A．a、b光从I区域某点倾斜射出时，a光的折射角小 B．在真空中，a光的波长大于b光的波长 C．水对a光的折射率大于对b光的折射率 D．水下a、b光能射到图中I区域以外区域 3．如图所示，一束复色光从空气中沿半圆玻璃砖半径方向射入，从玻璃砖射出后分成a、b两束单色光，则（） A．玻璃砖对a 光的折射率为1.5 B．玻璃砖对a 光的折射率为 2 2 C．b 光在玻璃中的传播速度比a 光大 D．b 光在玻璃中发生全反射的临界角比a光小 4．如图所示，在等边三棱镜截面ABC内，有一束单色光从空气射向其边界上的E点，已知该单色光入射方向与三棱镜边界AB的夹角为θ=30o，该三棱镜对该单色光的折射率为
3，则下列说法中正确的是（） A．该单色光在AB边界发生全反射 B．该单色光从空气进入棱镜，波长变长 C．该单色光在三棱镜中的传播光线与底边BC平行 D．该单色光在AC边界发生全反射 5．如图，半圆形玻璃砖置于光屏PQ的左下方．一束白光沿半径方向从A点射入玻璃砖， 在O点发生反射和折射，折射光在白光屏上呈现七色光带．若入射点由A向B缓慢移动， 并保持白光沿半径方向入射到O点，观察到各色光在光屏上陆续消失．在光带未完全消失 之前，反射光的强度变化以及光屏上最先消失的光分别是（） A．减弱，紫光B．减弱，红光C．增强，紫光D．增强,红光 6．一束白光从顶角为 的一边以较大的入射角i射入并通过三棱镜后，在屏P上可得到彩色光带，如图所示，在入射角i逐渐减小到零的过程中，假如屏上的彩色光带先后全部消 失，则 A．红光最先消失，紫光最后消失 B．紫光最先消失，红光最后消失 C．紫光最先消失，黄光最后消失 D．红光最先消失，黄光最后消失 .比较7．如图所示，三束细光经玻璃三棱镜折射后分解为互相分离的a、b、c三束单色光 a、b、c三束光，可知( )
2020年浙江省杭州市学军中学高考数学模拟试卷（5月份） 一．选择题：本大题共10小题，每小题4分，共40分.在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的. 1．已知集合A={x|x＜﹣2或x＞1}，B={x|x＞2或x＜0}，则（?R A）∩B=（） A．（﹣2，0）B．[﹣2，0）C．?D．（﹣2，1） 2．设复数z满足=i，则|z|=（） A．1 B．C．D．2 3．已知q是等比数{a n}的公比，则q＜1”是“数列{a n}是递减数列”的（） A．充分不必要条件B．必要不充分条件 C．充要条件 D．既不充分也不必要条件 4．已知某几何体的三视图如图所示，则该几何体的表面积为（） A．16 B．26 C．32 D．20+ 5．若存在实数x，y使不等式组与不等式x﹣2y+m≤0都成立，则实数m的取 值范围是（） A．m≥0 B．m≤3 C．m≥l D．m≥3 6．展开式中所有奇数项系数之和为1024，则展开式中各项系数的最大值是（）A．790 B．680 C．462 D．330 7．已知正实数a，b满足a2﹣b+4≤0，则u=（） A．有最大值为B．有最小值为 C．没有最小值D．有最大值为3
8．已知正三角形ABC的边长为2，平面ABC内的动点P，M满足||=1， =，则| |2的最大值是（） A．B．C． D． 9．如图，正方形ABCD与正方形BCEF所成角的二面角的平面角的大小是，PQ是正方形BDEF所在平面内的一条动直线，则直线BD与PQ所成角的取值范围是（） A．[，] B．[，] C．[，] D．[，] 10．已知定义在（0，+∞）上的函数f（x）的导函数f'（x）满足，且，其中e为自然对数的底数，则不等式的解集是（） A． B．（0，e）C． D． 二．填空题：本大题共7小题，多空题每题6分，单空题每题4分，共36分. 11．若2sinα﹣cosα=，则sinα=，tan（α﹣）= ． 12．商场举行有奖促销活动，顾客购买一定金额的商品后即可抽奖．每次抽奖都是从装有4个红球、6个白球的甲箱和装有5个红球、5个白球的乙箱中，各随机摸出1个球．在摸出的2个球中，若都是红球，则获一等奖；若只有1个红球，则获二等奖；若没有红球，则不获奖．则顾客抽奖1次能获奖的概率是；若某顾客有3次抽奖机会，记该顾客在3次抽奖中获一等奖的次数为X，则EX= ． 13．在△ABC中，D是AC边的中点，A=，cos∠BDC=﹣，△ABC的面积为3，则sin ∠ABD= ，BC= ． 14．已知抛物线y=x2和直线l：y=kx+m（m＞0）交于两点A、B，当时，直线l过定点；当m= 时，以AB为直径的圆与直线相切． 15．根据浙江省新高考方案，每位考生除语、数、外3门必考科目外，有3门选考科目，并
第12天 椭圆 【课标导航】 1.理解椭圆的概念， 2.掌握椭圆的标准方程和几何性质. 一、选择题 1．已知椭圆C 的左、右焦点坐标分别是(，0)，，0)C 的方程为 ( ) A.x 2 3＋y 2 ＝1 B ．x 2 ＋y 23＝1 C.x 23＋y 2 2 ＝1 D.x 22＋y 2 3 ＝1 2．线段AB 长为4,6PA PB ,M 是线段AB 的中点,当P 点在同一平面内运动 时,PM 的长度的最小值 ( ) D.5 3离心率2 3 e 的椭圆两焦点为1F 、2F ,过1F 作直线交椭圆于A 、B 两点,则△2ABF 的周长为 ( ) A. 3 B. 6 C. 12 D.24 4．已知()4,0-是椭圆2231kx ky 的一个焦点,则实数k 的值是 ( ) A. 124 B. 24 C. 1 6 D. 6 5．6m 是方程22 (2)(6)m x m y m 的图形为椭圆的 ( ) A. 充分不必要条件 B. 必要不充分条件 C. 充要条件 D. 既不充分也不必要条件 6．中心在原点,焦点在x 轴上,若长轴长为18,且两个焦点恰好将长轴三等分,则此椭圆的方程是 ( ) A. 2 218136 x y B. 221819 x y C. 2218145x y D. 2 218172 x y 7．已知点P 在椭圆)0(122 22>>=+b a b y a x 上，点F 为椭圆的右焦点，PF 的最大值与最 小值的比为2,则这个椭圆的离心率为 （ ）
Ａ． 1 2 B ． 1 3 C. 1 4 D 8．正六边形ABCDEF 的两个顶点A 、D 为椭圆的两个焦点,其余4个顶点在椭圆上，则 该椭圆的离心率的值是 （ ） .A .13- .B 12- 215. -C 2 1 3.-D 二、填空题 9. △ABC 的两个顶点的坐标分别是(5,0)、(5,0),若AC 、BC 所在直线的斜率之积为 1 2 -, 则顶点C 的轨迹方程为 10．一束光线从点(0,1)出发，经过直线20x y +-=反射后，恰好与椭圆2 2 12 y x +=相切，则反射光 线所在的直线方程为 ． 11．M 是椭圆 2 21259 x y 上一点, 1F 、2F 为左右两个焦点,I 是△21F MF 的内心,直线 MI 交x 轴于N ,则 MI IN = 12．在平面直角坐标系中，椭圆22 22x y a b +=1( a b >>0)的焦距为2，以O 为圆心，a 为半 径的圆，过点2,0a c ?? ??? 作圆的两切线互相垂直，则离心率e = ． 三、解答题 13．点A 、B 分别是椭圆120 362 2=+y x 长轴的左、右端点，点F 是椭圆的右焦点，点P 在椭 圆上，且位于x 轴上方，PF PA ⊥.求点P 的坐标. 14．中心在坐标原点,焦点在x 轴上的椭圆,它的离心率为 2 ,与直线10x y 相交于
安徽省六安市舒城中学2018届高三仿真（一）语文 试题 学校_________ 班级__________ 姓名__________ 学号__________ 一、现代文阅读 1. 阅读下面的文字，完成下面各题。 如果将西方文化特别是西方近现代价值观与中华价值观进行一番比较，我们就会发现中华价值观特别强调义务先于权利。换言之，西方近现代价值观非常强调个人权利的优先性，而中华价值观特别是儒家价值观则更强调义务的优先性。 现代新儒家的代表人物之一梁漱溟认为，中国文化在人和人的关系中强调义务为先，互相承担义务是中国伦理的根本特色。他认为近代以来西方个人主义盛行，形成了一种个人本位的社会，其弊甚多，而中国则是以伦理为本位的社会，他说：“人生必有与其相关系之人，此即天伦；人生将始终处在人与人的相互关系中，此即伦理。亲切相关之情，发乎天伦骨肉；乃至一切相关之人莫不自然有其情，情谊所在，义务生焉。父义当慈，子义当孝。兄之义友，弟之义恭，夫妇朋友至一切相与之人莫不自然互有应尽之义，伦理关系即表示一种义务，一个人似不为自己而存在，而以对方为重，近世之西洋人反是，处处形见其本位主义，一切从权利观念出发。” 梁漱溟认为，中国人的伦理特别强调义务感。这种义务感是开放的，从家庭可以放大到宗族、社区，再到郡县、国家、天下、宇宙。以义务为基本取向的德行不强调张扬个人权利，而主张努力承担对他人的义务、履行自己肩负的责任。这种义务取向特别表现为如何对待自己与他人的关系。在他看来，西方是个人本位，强调以自己为主；中国则是义务为主，强调尊重对方，“从个人本位出发则权利的观念多，从尊重对方的意思出发则义务的观念多。” 在现代社会，个人生存发展权利为宪法和法律所确认，当然也为社会价值观念所承认。但这并不意味着个人权利是最重要的价值，或社会价值观仅仅为个人权利提供支持。在价值和伦理问题上，权利话语和权利思维是有局限性的，以个人权利为中心的价值观甚至是当今众多问题产生的根源之一。权利话语往往联系着个人主义。个人主义的权利优先态度，其基本立场是把个人权利放在第一位，认为个人权利优先于集体目标和社会共善。在这样的立场上，个人的义务、责任、美德都很难建立起来。个人权利优先的主张过分强调保障个人的自由，而忽视促进个人对社会公益的重视，不能正视社会公益与个人利益的冲突，因而对于现代社会健康运行来说弊大于利。 《摘编自陈来《充分认识中华独特价值观——从中西比较看》）
杭州学军中学2019学年第一学期期中考试 高二数学试卷 命题人：叶秋平 审题人：徐 政 第Ⅰ卷 选择题 （共40分） 一、选择题：本大题共10小题，每小题4分，共40分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是 符合题目要求的。 1．圆柱的轴截面是正方形，面积为S ，则它的侧面积为（ ） A.π S B.S π C.S π2 D.S π4 2．若直线l 与平面α相交，则（ ） A.α内所有直线与l 异面 B.α内只存在有限条直线与l 共面 C.α内存在唯一的直线与l 平行 D.α内存在无数条直线与l 垂直 3．已知n m ,是空间两条不同的直线，βα,是空间两个不同的平面，则下列命题正确的是（ ） A.若αβ∥，α?m ，β?n ，则m n ∥ B.若n m ,异面，α?m ，β?n ，m β∥，n α∥，则αβ∥ C.若βα⊥，m n ∥，m α⊥，则n β∥ D.若βα⊥，m =?βα，m n ⊥，则β⊥n 4．如图，三棱柱'''C B A ABC -中，侧面''BCC B 的面积是4，点'A 到侧面''BCC B 的距离是3,则三棱柱'''C B A ABC -的体积为 （ ） A.12 B.6 C.4 D.无法确定 5．四面体ABCD 中，2==CD AB ，其余棱长均为4，则该 四面体外接球半径为（ ） A ．14 B ．214 C ．23 D ．2 23 6．某几何体的三视图如图所示，则该几何体的最长棱长为（ ） A.19 B.22 C.5 D.72
7．在长方体1111ABCD A B C D -中， ,M N 分别是棱1BB ，BC 的中点，若M 在以N C 1为 直径的圆上，则异面直线1A D 与1D M 所成的角为（ ） A. 045 B. 060 C. 090 D. 随长方体的形状 变化而变化 8．一封闭的正方体容器1111D C B A ABCD -，R Q P ,,分别为 AD ，1BB ，11B A 的中点，如图所示。由于某种原因，在 R Q P ,,处各有一个小洞，当此容器内存水最多时，容器中 水的上表面的形状是（ ）边形 A.3 B.4 C.5 D.6 9．已知5.1cos 5.1si n +=a ，5.1cos 5.1sin ?=b ，5.1sin ) 5.1(cos =c ，5.1cos )5.1(sin =d ，则d c b a ,,,的大小关系为（ ） A.a d c b <<< B.a c d b <<< C. a c b d <<< D.a b c d <<< 10．已知集合}06{2>--=x x x A ，}043{2≤+-=ax x x B ，若0>a ，且B A ?中恰好 有两个整数解，则a 的取值范围是（ ） A.)920,1529[ B.)920,1529( C.)920,913[ D.)9 20,35( 第Ⅱ卷 非选择题部分(共110分) 二、填空题：本大题共7小题，多空题每题6分，单空题每题4分，共36分. 11．棱长为a 的正四面体ABCD 中，E F ，分别为棱AD BC ，的中点，则异面直线EF 与AB 所成的角大小是 ，线段EF 的长度为 。 12．二面角βα--l 的大小是 60，线段α?AB ，l B ∈，AB 与l 所成的角为 45，则AB 与 平面β所成的角的余弦值是 。 13．正三棱锥的高为1，底面边长为62，则的体积为 ；若有一个球与该正三棱锥 的各个面都相切，则球的半径为 。 14.若x a x f x x 32 4)(--=为奇函数，则a = ，此时，不等式0)93()1(2<++-x f x f 的解集为 。 15．在长方体1111D C B A ABCD -中，M 是对角线1AC 上一点，N 是底面ABCD 上一点. 若 2=AB ，21==AA BC ，则MN MB +1的最小值为 。 16．在棱长为1的正方体1111D C B A ABCD -中，E 为1CC 的中点，Q P ,是正方体表面上相异两
第13天离子共存与离子方程式 1．下列离子方程式的书写正确的是() A．误将洁厕灵与消毒液混合：2H++Cl-+ClO-=Cl2↑+H2O B．玻璃试剂瓶被烧碱溶液腐蚀：SiO2+2Na++2OH-=Na2SiO3↓+H2O C．硝酸铝溶液中加入过量氨水：Al3++4NH3·H2O=AlO2-+4NH4++2H2O D．向NaHCO3溶液中加入过量的澄清石灰水，出现白色沉淀： Ca2++2OH-+2HCO3-=CaCO3↓+2H2O+CO32- 2．下列解释实验现象的反应方程式不正确的是() A．切开的金属Na暴露在空气中，光亮表面逐渐变暗：4Na+O2=2Na2O B．向AgCl悬浊液中滴加Na2S溶液，白色沉淀变成黑色：2AgCl+S2-=Ag2S+2Cl- C．Na2O2在潮湿的空气中放置一段时间，变成白色黏稠物： 2Na2O2+2CO2=2Na2CO3+O2 D．向澄清石灰水中加入过量的NaHCO3溶液，出现白色沉淀： 2HCO3-+Ca2++2OH-=CaCO3↓+CO32-+2H2O 3．下列化学用语对事实的表述不正确 ．．．的是 () A．硬脂酸与乙醇的酯化反应：C17H35COOH+C2H518OH C17H35COOC2H5+H218O B．常温时，0.1mol·L-1氨水的pH=11.1：NH3·H2O+OH? C．由Na和C1形成离子键的过程： D．电解精炼铜的阴极反应：Cu2+ +2e?Cu 4．下列指定反应的离子方程式正确的是 () A．饱和Na2CO3溶液与CaSO4固体反应：CO32?+CaSO4CaCO3+SO42? B．酸化NaIO 3和NaI的混合溶液：I? +IO3?+6H+I2+3H2O C．KClO碱性溶液与Fe(OH)3反应：3ClO?+2Fe(OH)32FeO42?+3Cl?+4H++H2O D．电解饱和食盐水：2Cl?+2H+Cl2↑+ H2↑ 5．常温下，下列各组离子在指定溶液中一定能大量共存的是() A．强酸性溶液：Mg2+、K+、SO42-、NO3- B．使酚酞变红色的溶液：Na+、Cu2+、HCO3-、NO3- C．0.1mol/LAgNO3溶液：H+、K+、SO42-、I-
、填空题 1 . 两直线3x 2. 3 . A. 4 双曲线 x2 A. (0, 4) 第18天模拟测试 3 0与6x my 1 0平行，则它们之间的距离为 在空间直角坐标系中满足线性约束条件 A . 1. 已知l,m是直线, 1的离心率e (1,2)，则实数k的取值范围是 B . (-12 , 0) ，点A(1,0,1)与点 2x y 2y 0, B(2,1,-1) 3, 3,的目标函数z 是平面，且m a，则“ A .必要不充分条件B.充分不必要条件必要条件 .(0,2.3) 之间的距离是 .3 D. ( 0, 12) x y的最大值是 C . 2. D . 3. l m”是“I C .充要条件既不充分也不 已知三点A(1,0), B(0, -、3), C(2八3),则厶ABC外接圆的圆心到原点的距离为 A.5 3 .21 B.- 3 D.- 3 2 2 过点(0, 1)引x+y—4x+3=0的两条切线，这两条切线夹角的余弦值为
A . 2 3 B . 1 C . 4 D. ? 3 5 5 &已知1 F2是椭圆的两个焦点，若满足MF1 MF2的点M总在椭圆的内部，则椭圆离心率的取值 范围是 ( ) A ? (0, 1) B ?(o/) C ? (0,-] 2 2 D【訂) 二、填空题 9?已知函数f x ax3 2x的图像过点(-1,4 ),则a= _______________ . 10?如果直线ax 2y 1 0与直线3x y 2 0垂直，那么实数a _________________ . 11.已知双曲线过点4八3 ,且渐近线方程为y 丄x,则该双曲线的标准方程为2 2 2 12. 已知椭圆25七1内有一点M (2'2)，F是椭圆的左焦点，P为椭圆上一动点，则 PM PF的最大值为________________ 三、解答题 13 . △ ABC中D是BC上的点，AD平分BACBB2DC (I)求Sin B ； (n )若BAC 60o,求B. sin C 14 .已知圆C过点A( 2,3)，且与直线4x 3y 26 (I)求圆C的方程；(n)求圆C关于直线x y 10相切于点B(5,2). 0对称的圆C'的方程.
安徽省六安市舒城中学2020-2021学年高二下学期开学考试 语文试题 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、现代文阅读 阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。 中华文化历来提倡“和实生物，同则不继”，意思是不同因素和谐融合才能产生、发展万物。如和六律才有悦耳动听的音乐，和五味才有香甜可口的佳肴；如果都是同一个音符便不成曲调，都是同一个味道饭菜就不好吃。把一样的东西简单加在一起，不是真正的发展，更不是创新。 西周末年的太史伯阳父首先提出了“和实生物，同则不继”这一重要思想。他的这一思想后来为西方学者所认同。意大利理论家恩贝托·埃科1993年访问中国，他在演 讲时说：“了解别人并非意味着去证明他们和我们相似，而是要去理解并尊重他们与我们的不同。”他强调他的北京之行，不是像马可·波罗那样，要在中国寻找西方的“独角兽”，而是要来了解中国的龙。这与中国传统文化所强调的“和实生物，同则不继”正好相通。 文化互通共存已成为21世纪的主旋律。这首先是因为殖民体系的瓦解和经济全球化，造就了全新的国际社会环境，原殖民地国家取得独立地位后，面临着确认自己独立身份的任务，而本民族的独特文化正是确认身份的重要因素，经济全球化又大大促进了各种“统一中心论”的解体，世界各个角落都是联成整体的地球的一部分，而每一部分都有自己存在的理由。 其次，20世纪以来，人类正经历着认识论和方法论的重大转型，即从逻辑学范式 过渡到现象学范式。逻辑学范式关注的是将具体内容抽空后概括成的简约的共同形式，某种形而上的绝对原则。现象学范式研究的对象则不是抽象形式，而首先是具体的本体，是一个不断因主体激情、欲望、意志的变动而变动的开放空间。过去，认知的开始是公式、定义、区分和推论，然后将相对确定的客体定义、划分、归类到我们认识论的框架之中。现象学范式的思维方式强调主体和他者在认知过程中都有所改变并带来新的进展。这种研究方法应用到文化上，就是强调从他者视角观察，而他者首先是不同于自我的、以差别为基础的对象。 当然，文化上的差别共存并不是静态的、被动的、互不相干的。能使物“丰长”的“和”，首先是一种能产生新的理解和认识从而带来新发展的“生成性对话”。这种对话不是各说各话，也不是统一思想，它要求对话者各有其文化主体性。所谓文化主体性，
舒城中学2020级高一新生入学考试 数学试题 时间：120分钟 分值：150分 一、选择题(本题共12小题，每小题5分，共60分，在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要 求的) 1. 实数r q p 、、在数轴上的位置如图，化简()()()22 2 r q q p p r p ++ +- -+的值为 （ ） A .p r -2 B .q p 23-- C .p - D .r p 23+- 2. 已知a 为实常数，则下列结论正确的是 （ ） A .关于x 的方程a x a =的解是1±=x B .关于x 的方程a x a =的解是1=x C .关于x 的方程a x a =的解是1=x D .关于x 的方程() 11+=+a x a 的解是1±=x 3. 观察下列数的规律： ,8,5,3,2,1,1，则第9个数是 （ ） A . 21 B . 22 C . 33 D . 34 4. 抛物线)0(2 ≠++=a c bx ax y 的对称轴为直线1-=x ，图象如图所示，给出以下结论：①ac b 42>；②0>abc ；③02=-b a ；④039>+-c b a ；错误的结论的个数为 （ ） A . 0 B . 1 C . 2 D . 3
5. 一元二次不等式022>++bx ax 的解集是)3 1,21(-，则b a +的值是 （ ） A ．10 B .—10 C .14 D .—14 6. 在两个袋内，分别装着写有1、2、3、4四个数字的4张卡片，今从每个袋中各任取一张卡片，则所取两卡片上数字之积为偶数的概率是 （ ） A ． 2 1 B ． 165 C ． 167 D ． 4 3 7. 如图，矩形纸片ABCD 中，已知AD =8，折叠纸片使AB 边与对角线AC 重合，点B 落在点F 处，折痕为AE ，且EF =3，则AB 的长为 （ ） A . 6 B .4 C . D . 3 8. 已知x 是正整数，则当函数290 1 --=x y 取得最小值时x 的值为 （ ） A . 16 B . 17 C . 18 D . 19 9. 如图，正方形ABCD 的边长为4，P 为正方形边上一动点，运动路线是A →D →C →B →A ,设P 点经过的路程为x ，以点A 、P 、D 为顶点的三角形的面积是y .则下列图象能大致反映y 与x 的函数关系的是 （ ） 10. 下列命题正确的是 （ ） A ．若>a b ，则 11a b < B ．若>a b ，则22a b > C ．若>a b ，c d <，则>a c b d -- D ．若>a b ，>c d ，则>ac bd 11. 若直角坐标系内两点P 、Q 满足条件①P 、Q 都在函数y 的图象上②P 、Q 关于原点对称，则称点对（P ， Q ）是函数y 的一个“友好点对”（点对（P ，Q ）与（Q ，P ）看作同一个“友好点对”） 。已知函数 D C B A
第14天导数(一) 【课标导航】1.导数的概率及几何意义； 2导数的计算。 、选择题 1.一质点运动的方程为 s 5 3t 2，则在一段时间1, 1 △ t 内相应的平均速度为 B. 3^ t 6 C. 3^ t 6 D. 3^ t 6 2.将半径为R 的球加热，若球的半径增加△ R,则球的体积增加约等于 () D. y '= cos A. 4 R 3^ R 3 B. 4 R 2△ R C. 4 R 2 D. 4 R △ R 3.已知函数 y x 1的图象上一点(1, 2 )及邻近- 点 1 △ x, 2 △ y ，则△ y 等于 △ x () A. 2 B. 2x C. 2+ △x D. 2+A x 2 4.若曲线y — x + ax + b 在点(0 , b )处的切线方程是 x — y + 1 — 0, 则 ( ) A . a —1, b — 1 B. a — — 1, b — 1 C. a — 1, b — —1 D . a —— 1, b ——1 5.函数 y = sin x A . y ，=— cos B . y '= cos x — sin x C sin x 6.点 P 在曲线y 彳上移动，设点P 处切线的倾斜角为 ，则角 的取值范围 A .
7.过点(-1 , 0)作抛物线y x 2 x 1的切线，则其中一条切线为 () A. 2x y 2 0 B. 3x y 3 0 C. x y 1 0 D. x y 1 0 &设函数y xsinx cosx 的图像上的点(x, y)处的切线斜率为 k ，若k g(x)，则函数 二、填空题 3 2 9. 已知函数f (x) = x - 3ax + 3bx 的图像与直线12x+ y- 1= 0切于点(1,- 11).则 a b ________ . 10. 已知f x 为偶函数，当x 0时，f(x) e x1 x ，则曲线y f x 在(1,2)处的切线 方程为 1 11. 直线y x b 是曲线y ln x x 0的一条切线，则实数 2 12 .下列结论正确的结论为 _________________ . 1 1 ①y = ln 2，则 y'=:② y=—2，则 y'|x =3 二 2 x ③y = 2：则 y '= 2ln 2;④ y=log 1 x , 2 三、解答题: 0)在点M (t,e 七)处的切线l 与x 轴、y 轴所围成的三角形面积为 则y'= 1 xln2 2 27 ； 13.设曲线y e x (x