BEC中级第二部分归纳

Module 2 第二单元2.1 Business Topic Company Benefits 商务话题篇公司福利三、Vocabulary: Benefits and incentivesbenefits n. 福利incentive n. 奖励job title 职衔，职位，头衔training and staff development 培训和员工发展good salary 可观的收入pension n. 养老金flexible working hours 弹性工作时间，灵活的工作时间opportunities to travel 旅游机会opportunities for promotion 升职提拔机会days off 几天短假company car 公司配（给的汽）车too good to be true 好得令人难以置信client service executive 客户服务主管take… with a pinch/grain of salt 对…将信将疑，对…不完全相信old and established 历史悠久resources director（human resources director的简称）人力资源部经理qualification n. 资格temp n.（temporary/temporary worker的缩略语）临时员工incumbent programme 在职员工培训课程，岗位培训课程human resources 人力资源promote from within 提拔内部员工take on 接受，招聘intake n. 从外部吸纳招收的员工project manager项目经理grow and maintain customer relationship发展和维持客户关系canteen n. 食堂，餐厅head office n. 总部，总公司brainstorming n. 自由讨论，头脑风暴，集思广益breakout n. 突破encompass vt. 包括，包含sales and marketing 销售和市场营销research and development and manufacturing 研发和生产perk n. 好处，额外津贴，外快final salary pension scheme 按最终薪水给付的养老金计划budget n. 预算non-cash reward 非现金形式的奖赏once-in-a-lifetime adj. 千载难逢的，令人难忘的career goal 职业目标senior management 高层管理人员longevity n. 长寿，长命；寿命for the long haul 长远地Xerox 施乐公司（财富500强公司之一，总部所在地美国，主要经营办公设备），施乐（商标名，美国办公设备制造公司）；影印，静电印刷品Global Services环球服务公司Uxbridge 欧克斯桥镇（位于伦敦西郊的一个小镇）Benefits and incentives 福利和奖励Employee Benefits 员工福利1. Legally Required Benefits 法律保障的权利Social Security社会保障Unemployment Compensation失业补偿Worker s’ Compensation 工伤赔偿2. Retirement-related Benefits与退休相关福利Pension Plans 退休金计划3. Insurance Related Benefits 与保险有关的福利Health Insurance健康保险Life Insurance 人寿保险Accident and Disability Insurance 意外事故和伤残保险4. Paid Holidays and Paid Vacations带薪公假和带薪休假5. Others 其他福利Local Conveyance Allowance交通补贴Housing Allowance 住房补贴Meal Allowance伙食补贴Holiday Bonus旅游津贴Incentives 奖励措施二、2.11.●an impressive job title显要的职衔●training and staff development 培训和员工发展● a good salary可观的收入● a pension养老金●flexible working hours灵活的工作时间●opportunities to travel旅游机会●opportunities for promotion升值提拔机会●parental leave育儿假●days off and long holidays短假和长假● a company car公司配车2.参考词语和表达：new-hire training新员工培训orientation新员工培训，迎新会vocational training/ professional training职业培训management training管理培训develop a good training programme to keep the staff motivated通过开发良好的培训计划来提高员工的工作热情Many entrepreneurs seem to view employee training and development as more optional than essential…a viewpoint that can be costly to both short-term profits and long-term progress.许多企业家认为员工的培训和发展可有可无，而非至关重要，认为这对公司的短期利益和长远发展来说代价太高。

第二辑T1P1这篇文章讲的是培训（coaching）的作用。

培训对一个公司的发展和员工的成长都是至关重要的。

文章的内容比较泛，但是题目的答案比较明显。

第一题，教练和员工之间的接触不能解决工作中的所有困难。

答案是C段的这么一句：In theory, the coaching relationship should provide answers to every problem, but in practice it falls short of this.理论上，培训可以提供所有问题的答案。

但是实践中达不到这样。

Fall short of是关键词。

第二题，讨论某些情况如果再度出现的话怎么样可以处理的更好。

答案是A段的这么一句：analysing how they were managed and how they might be dealt with more effectively on subsequent occasions.分析应该如何进行处理并且在接下来的情况下怎样可以处理的更有效。

这里的dealt with more effectively对应于题干中的better handled，on subsequent occasions.也就是occur again。

第三题，教练鼓励员工将所学应用到日常的工作中。

答案是B段的这么一句：helps individuals to use formally learnt knowledge in day-to-day work and management situations.帮助个人将学到的正式知识用在日常工作和管理情况下。

这里的day-to-day work and management situations就是题干中的routine work situations，what has been taught 也就是formally learnt knowledge。

（二）小演讲本部分考试为小演讲。

每个考生分别会得到一张带有三个不同题目的卡片，每个考生的题目都不相同。

三个题目各有侧重点，其中一个题目适合商务经历有限的考生，一个题目适合略有商业经验的考生，还有一个题目适合比较熟悉商业某领域运作的考生。

因此考生应当认真审题，以选择适合自己的那一个题目。

考生选完题后准备一分钟，然后根据题目要求和所附有的两三点提示作一分钟的简短发言。

每个考生做完发言之后另外一位考生要根据他刚才的发言对其提出一个问题。

这一部分所涉及的范围相当广泛，但大多数与商务有关，考生应注意商务运作中各环节具体操作的重要性及其原因，如公司员工参加培训班的重要性应当从哪些角度去分析、选择公司驻地应有哪些重要性等。

1. 应试技巧：（1）充分利用准备时间，仔细审题，罗列自己的主要观点和论点。

（2）演讲结构要完整，引题，观点陈述和结尾要清晰，衔接自然，有逻辑性。

（3）论点论据要充分，将论点充分展开，不可一味的重复论点。

（4）如果想不到更多的论点，在一分钟之内能就一方面发挥拓展开来也可以得到理想成绩。

因此，考生在这部分的观点论述不见得要面面俱到，只要能够清晰明了、有理有据地去表达即可。

2. 考试演示考题：A. What is important when...?Motivating staff• financial benefits• career development opportunitiesB. What is important when...?Satisfying customers• a good after-sales team• more communication with customers参考答案：Sample A:Well, I'm very interested in this topic -- what's important when motivating staff. Personally, I think there are three main important factors: financial benefits, career development opportunities and an easy-going boss.Firstly, the financial benefits should be the most important factor. They may include good salary, bonus and other perks. As we know, most people work to live instead of working for fun. And also as the saying goes, money can make the mare go, so money is very important in motivating staff. Secondly, career development opportunities are quite important. Actually, there is nobody who does not want to be promoted. If staff cannot see any good career prospects, they will probably quit the job. Finally, an easy-going boss is also important. Nobody wants to work with a difficult boss.To sum up, financial benefits, career development opportunities and an easy-going boss are important in motivating staff.Sample B:Well, I'd like to talk about the important factors that contribute to customers' satisfaction.First of all, we need a group of excellent after-sales service team. It is true that it is not easy to meet the needs of every customer, but our responsibilities involve handling customers' complaints and trying every means to solve their problems. In order to have an efficient group of after-sales service team, we must organize some staff training courses. In addition, we need to carry out surveys on customers about whether they are satisfied with our products and in what aspects they are dissatisfied. Based on the result of the surveys, we can make improvement.In a word, more communication with customers and a good after-sales team can help improve customer service.3. 实用表达法（1）引出话题第二部分的考题一般都是以What is important when…引出的，问的是做…时要考虑的因素。

BEC中级阅读第二部分讲义文章篇幅比第一部分要长,所给出的被选项要多于题目个数, 该部分的正文一般都有很清楚的思路或者论据,考察的是一种逻辑关系.解题步骤:1. 先读题目要求的第一句,初步了解主题.2. 将例子所对应的选项划去3. 利用语法知识确定句子缺失成分,重点阅读空格前后的句子利用各种衔接手段选择正确的选项填入空格.4. 认真阅读选项,并找出关键词与空格进行搭配.人们讲话或写文章时，常常要把前后讲的或写的内容加以联系。

联系的方式有几类，它们为语言的应用提供粘合(cohesion)。

取得粘合最常用的方式是返指(referring back)已经提及的事项。

取得粘合的另一方式就是预指(referring forward)将要说及的事项。

返指方法一：使用名词词组返指前文中的具体名词，避免重复，并从意思上进行具体解释。

返指方法二：在名词（或名词词组）前使用the这一特指限定词，返指前文中提到的名词或词组。

返指方法三：使用副词来指代前文中提到或讨论到的时间。

返指方法四：用this；that和他们的复数形式these和those清楚地返指前文中提到的事物和事实；用such作为限定词或形容词返指刚刚提及的事物。

返指方法五：所谈的行为或情况在前面已经提及时，可用so来替代。

返指方法六：使用人称代词和物主代词。

在A－H备选句中一旦出现代词，就应该在前文中找到对应。

否则该句就不能成为答案。

一些常见衔接手段一句际关系的分析1. 并列关系:空格前后的句子基本属于同一主题, 没有发生转折Example 1All banks pay interest on savings accounts. ____4____ Banks also pay interest at different times. ____5____ Suppose, for example, that on January 1, you deposited $ 1,000 in a bank that paid 4 1/2 percent interest semiannually. By July 1,you would have earned $ 22.50 interest. This interest would automatically be credited to your account; and of you left it in the bank, along withyour original deposit, you would receive interest on $ 1,022.50 for the next six-month period. That is, your interest would be compounded.A. But the majority of them pay semiannually, that is, every six months. 5B. The interest rate varies from bank to bank, but the general range is from 4 1/2 to 6percent. 4C. This means that passbook contains an actual record of all transactions made and that youknow the exact amount of savings you have at any one time.D. One of these is checking accounts.E. First you would be asked to fill out a signature card.F. But most banks pay interest at the end of a year.G. One of the most important of these is regular passbook savings.Example 2You state on February 13th that New Mexico has “few natural resources”, ____ example____ In 1991 New Mexico ranked fourth in the United States in production of natural gas, seventh in oil and tenth in non-fuel minerals ____8____ Non-fuel minerals contributed about $ 1 billion and coal $ 509 million.A. That it has a broadly based tax structure is an important point.B. In 1992 it produced more oil than Colorado and Kansas combined.C. However, the extractive mineral industry in New Mexico is one of the state’s strongesteconomic forces.D. During fiscal year 1992 New Mexico raised permanent funds worth about $6.1 billion.E. The combined value of oil and gas production was $ 2.8 billion.F. Some 16,000 employees work in the extractive industries and their wages are among thehighest of any major industry.G. The $39 million earned by these funds in 1991 was used to finance education and otherpublic services.Example 3The Cash-free Society____ example ____ . Theft of cash would become impossible. Bank robberies and cash-register robberies would simply cease to occur ____ ( 8 ) ____ . Purse snatchings would become a thing of the past. Urban streets would become safer ____ ( 9 ) ____ . Security costs and insurance rates would fall. Property values would rise. Neighborhoods would improve.A. A national electronic-money system would operate as a debit-card system.B. Retail shops in once dangerous areas could operate in safety. 9C. As a result, income tax rates could be lowered or the national debt reduced.D. The use of cash has diminished substantially since World War II.E. Attacks on shopkeepers, taxi drivers, and cashiers would all end. 8F. The emergence of electronic funds-transfer technology makes it possible to change the natureof money and to divorce it from evil.G. Almost every present-day cash transaction can be duplicated electronically.2. 总分关系(举例关系)Example 1A modern bank provides many services other than checking accounts. ____1____If you went to a bank to open a savings account, you would go through almost the same procedures followed in applying for a checking account.A. But the majority of them pay semiannually, that is, every six months.B. The interest rate varies from bank to bank, but the general range is from 4 1/2 to 6 percent.C. This means that passbook contains an actual record of all transactions made and that youknow the exact amount of savings you have at any one time.D. One of these is checking accounts.E. First you would be asked to fill out a signature card.F. But most banks pay interest at the end of a year.G. One of the most important of these is regular passbook savings.Example 2A. These new methods of handling paperwork have already greatly improved efficiency.B. This would be a key way of improving white collar productivity.C. It will help them to make better use of all office employees.D. However, this enormous investment has not improved productivity as expected.E. Laser printers have many limitations, and photocopiers have few applications.F. Most technology has concentrated its attention on the first two of these stages.G. These figures are hardly surprising since documents convey nine-tenths of all information.3. 转折关系: 空格前后的句子在含义上发生转折Example 1Electricity is a significant source of export income for Canada. ____ 9 ____ But in the 1970s , Canadian exports rose sharply to address the U. S. demand for cheaper and more reliable.A. Besides, electricity from coal and nuclear is 50% to 75% cheaper than many other industrialnations.B. Generated primarily by water, our power supplies have attracted and supported energy-intensive industries such as mining.C. It also ranks among the top three electricity producers in the world, behind the U. S. andRussia.D. Next to electricity, Canadian paper exports came to 900 million US dollars every year in the1960s.E. Two large nuclear power plants began to generate electricity.F. Canada and the U. S. imported and exported power in almost equal measures after1901.G. Therefore, the Canadian government has little influence on these forces.Example 2A. These new methods of handling paperwork have already greatly improved efficiency.B. This would be a key way of improving white collar productivity.C. It will help them to make better use of all office employees.D. However, this enormous investment has not improved productivity as expected.E. Laser printers have many limitations, and photocopiers have few applications.F. Most technology has concentrated its attention on the first two of these stages.G. These figures are hardly surprising since documents convey nine-tenths of all information.表示转折关系的词汇:But/yet/however/unlike/rather than/no but/on the contrary/ in contrast with4. 因果关系: 如果空格前后出现表示因果关系的词或词组,空格与前后句子是因果关系Example 1Suppose you had an assistant who screened and selected only the quality books for you. ____(8)____ . So you could obtain a working knowledge of the book’s contents in a fraction of the time. Now you can have that assistant with Executive Book Summaries.A) These introductory texts are the most important books and using them can pay big dividends.B) Discover practical tips and techniques you can apply without delay.C) In order to avoid this problem, we select for you only the truly worthwhile titles and reject therest.D) According to studies published in psychology journals, you retain the content of a summarybetter than a book.E)He or she would take the most important ideas from each one, and compile them into aneat executive summary.F) With the breadth and depth of knowledge gained from books, it is less likely that you'll becaught off guard.G) Each contains all the key points in the original book, but instead of 200 to 500 pages there areonly eight pages.New Mexico came through the recent recession in much better shape than most other states. It does not have a deficit. ____12____ States that rely primarily on a sales tax or on an income tax have big problems during economic downturns. Income growth per head in New Mexico averaged 6.1/00 in the year to October 1992-one if the fastest growth rates in the United States.A. That it has a broadly based tax structure is an important point.B. In 1992 it produced more oil than Colorado and Kansas combined.C. However, the extractive mineral industry in New Mexico is one of the state’s strongesteconomic forces.D. During fiscal year 1992 New Mexico raised permanent funds worth about $6.1 billion.E. The combined value of oil and gas production was $ 2.8 billion.F. Some 16,000 employees work in the extractive industries and their wages are among thehighest of any major industry.G. The $39 million earned by these funds in 1991 was used to finance education and otherpublic services.常用表示因果关系的词:大因果关系because/as / since/ in thatso/therefore/thus/hence/consequently/result小因果关系cause/ pose/lead to/ create+结果result in +结果result from + 原因as a result of + 原因二词际关系的分析1. 指示代词Example 1Eighteen months ago we adopted CPT equipment on limited scale with the idea in mind that we could gradually get rid of electric typewriters as we became familiar with the word processor.____8____ The stations are actually in pairs so each pair can share a common printer ____9____ We use the equipment as dedicated word processors, although we do have the ability to link up with our computer installation.A. So it works very well and has so many different functions.B. Also it has reduced the confusion that exists about buying software packages.C. The train stops at each station for only fifteen minutes.D. We began with two work stations and now have four. 8E. Our routine letters are prepared from disc-stored masters.F. The Rotary W printer with a speed of 45 characters a second can easily handle twoinput stations. 9G. In contrast, its size and weight are ideal for carrying.Example 2Dave identified a market niche that he felt other speaker firms had overlooked ____(10)____These affluent, well-educated customers are genuinely obsessed with their stereo equipment. ‘They’d rather buy a new set of speakers than eat,’ Dave observes.A. At the age of 28, Dave set out to turn his dreams into reality.B. Furthermore, the dealers concentrated on only a handful of well-known producersC. Who provided mass-produced models.D. The firms tend to plow their money in to developing their products and have little left over to market them.E. It all began while majoring in electrical engineering at Cornell.By going directly to the customers, Dave could avoid the dealer markups and offer top-quality products and service at reasonable price.F. This niche consisted of “audio-addicts”----people who love to listen to music and appreciate first-rate stereo equipment.G. He sees sales climbing , cash flowing, and hundreds of happy workersStriving to produce top-quality products that delight Icon’s customers.Example 2Every month, you receive quick-reading, time-saving summaries of the best new business books. ____(9)____ . This means that rather than taking five to ten hours to read, it takes just 15 minutes!A) These introductory texts are the most important books and using them can pay big dividends.B) Discover practical tips and techniques you can apply without delay.C) In order to avoid this problem, we select for you only the truly worthwhile titles and reject therest.D) According to studies published in psychology journals, you retain the content of a summarybetter than a book.E) He or she would take the most important ideas from each one, and compile them into a neatexecutive summary.F) With the breadth and depth of knowledge gained from books, it is less likely that you'll becaught off guard.G) Each contains all the key points in the original book, but instead of 200 to 500 pages thereare only eight pages.Example 3One way, he believes, for companies to show how serious they are about individual learning is to make it an official part of company practice, as the Bank of Eastern England has done. (11)____. This document, he points out, has made the role of managers clear, and the company has also invested huge amounts of money educating managers so that they can then train their staff. Another company, British Chemicals, has contracted an independent organisation to help staff with confidential career advice. According to John Yates, the head of Individual Learning and Development at British Chemicals, there is an important role for outside agencies to play in the career management process. He adds that it is company policy for managers to give all staff‘roadmaps’ which show possible career routes within the company structure. (12)____. This has worked especially well, he says, for staff who are used to depending on their line managers for guidance.A Its policy statement says that by 2006, eighty per cent of its staff will have a professionalqualification. 11B His recommendations go even further than that, and he has called for a national debate on theissue of what should be regarded as a career in the future.C This change of attitude means employers need to place more emphasis on giving staff thechance to develop a range of skills through horizontal job moves.D It points out that employees need to know what the overall company vision is in order toachieve many of these. 12E The problem that often arises is that, while they are increasingly encouraged to manage theirown careers, they are not provided with the knowledge and training to do this.F They are able to see that, contrary to expectations, jobs in different fields are similar, and theycan also see how it is possible to cross over to other areas.G Its employees are no longer motivated by these factors alone, and the problem today ismatching a person’s motivation with the right job.2 同义词和近义词Example 1The modern marketing concept encompasses all of the activities mentioned, but it is based on a different set of principles ____ (9) ____ In other words, goods should be produced only if they can be sold. Therefore, the producer should consider who is going to buy the product ------ or what the market for the product is ---- before production begins.A. It subscribes to the notion that production can be economically justified only by consumption.B. Marketing was the task of figuring out how to sell the product.C. Marketing is as important in today’s economy as the production of goods and services.D. Production, on the other hand, is mostly an engineering problem.E. Such markets must be created and stimulated by managers.F. This is very different from making a product and then thinking about how to sell it.G. More than half the cost of consumer goods can be traced to marketing activities.Example 2Learn more, remember more.We've taken account of extensive research into the memory functions of the human brain ____(10)____ .Get ideas you can use.____(11)____ . In a summary, these ideas are more accessible and ‘actionable’.A) These introductory texts are the most important books and using them can pay big dividends.B) Discover practical tips and techniques you can apply without delay. (11)C) In order to avoid this problem, we select for you only the truly worthwhile titles and reject therest.D) According to studies published in psychology journals, you retain the content of asummary better than a book. 10E) He or she would take the most important ideas from each one, and compile them into a neatexecutive summary.F) With the breadth and depth of knowledge gained from books, it is less likely that you'll becaught off guard.G) Each contains all the key points in the original book, but instead of 200 to 500 pages there areonly eight pages.3. 数字指示词Example 1Estimates were obtained from three contractors on the costs of covering the offices and classrooms ____ 8 ____ The work would take about three weeks.A. As you suggested, we also sought information on the additional cost of air conditioning in theentrance halls and stairways.B. All these three were in the $ 20,000 to $ 25,000 range.C. This later installation would cost about $20,000.D. However, class interruption should be minimal.E. In the same way, each of these three would take at least one month.F. Therefore, the total cost was this $6,000 plus another $5,000.G. Labour costs would be an additional S 5,000, bringing the total cost of the addition to $11,000.Example 2There were many different outfits but only three fabrics had been used throughout the range and therefore the uniform was easily recognizable. One of the judges in the competition, fashion journalist Sally Bain, was also impressed with the value for money aspect of the uniforms. (11)____A. Feedback was then collected from staff at the hotel and minor changes were made beforetheuniform was introduced across all hotels.B. The award will be presented to the competition winners at The Career and WorkwearShow which will be held at Business Design Centre in London.C. They all believe that its introduction has led to a modern, more professional corporateimage and greater confidence among them.D. One entry predicted that uniform fabrics would incorporate security aids which are read bysensors on doors and only allow access to authorised personnel.E. In her opinion this had been achieved at half the cost of the other entries, with theaverage cost per person being £201,and each uniform being expected to last two years.F. It asked why the uniform was introduced, who it was designed to be worn by, and how thefirm went about selecting a supplier.G. She felt that the head receptionist at the hotel should be asked to put forward the views andpreferences of the team.注意: 在文章中出现挣钱和花钱相关的词时,选项中一般会出现金钱符号词如: salary/ income/ revenue/ expense/expenditure/cost/value for money/financial/fiscal句际关系中的顺序关系空格前后出现顺序关系词firstly, secondly, …。

第二辑Test 1Topic A: WHAT IS IMPORTANT WHEN ……?Entertaining clients●Types of activities●Cost【词汇＆短语】促销赠品Complimentary presents 迎宾室Hospitality room招待费Entertainment allowance 定制Customize针对个人Personalize 有目的的Purposeful商业目的Business objectives 客户需求Customer demand包间Compartment 舒适的Cozy【句型点击】●间歇、停顿How shall I put it? 怎么说呢？Well, what I trying to say is…….. 我想说的是……..I’d like to begin by……●个人想法In my opinion, I’d say that…..The point is that…….Well, we should….【参考范例】Entertaining clients is not an easy job and should be handling appropriately and enjoyably. It contains more than just a wonderful meal, a sightseeing tour or a shopping trip. Good hospitality events can impress clients in a unique manner in and outside of the office.When entertaining clients, we should decide the types of activities according to their interest and favorites. Moreover, these activities should help us achieve our business objectives, for example, we can have an intimate discussion about business with our clients during a meal in a cozy compartment where both where both sides tend to be more relaxed. In addition, we have to mix business with pleasure effectively so our clients won’t feel that we are too purposeful.Cost is anther importan t factor when designing activities for clients. Higher expenses don’t necessarily to greater satisfaction, and in some cases, the clients will be overwhelmed with our kindness. Therefore, when entertaining clients, sincerity appears to be more important, upon which a long and a steady business relationship is based.Topic B: WHAT IS IMPORTANT WHEN ……?Choosing retail premises to rent●Location●Length of contract【思路点拨】【词汇&短语】房东landlord 利润空间profit margin租户tenant 房屋结构building structure可持续发展sustainable development 合同到期exploration of contract繁荣boom prosperity 续签合同renew the contract租金rent 押金deposit【句型点击】●观点阐述Well, it seems to me that…….T hat’s true, but on the other hand…..●追加观点That’s just what/all I was thinking…..Well, the point I’m trying to make it that……Another thing I want to mention is……【参考范例】When aiming to choose retail premises, you should always put the location on the top of your list. An ideal retail premises should be situated in the downtown district or a big residential area where the sources of the customers is guaranteed, in China, A lot of businessman believe in Fengshui and they think a good location is vital to the success of business.Besides, the length of contract is also an important factor in choosing retail premises because the retailer need time to develop market and customers. A steady and uninterrupted business environment is most desired, and a long-term contract will ensure the retailer’s sustainable development.What’s more, rent and means of payment should never be overlooked, retailers in general have a big cash flow, therefore, a reasonable rent and flexible means of payment are good for their capital turnover. A cooperative landlord is preferred and necessary for a win-win situation.Topic C: WHAT IS IMPORTANT WHEN ……?Deciding on packaging for products●Image●Production process【思路点拨】【词汇&短语】包装材料wrapper，packaging material 不可再生资源non-renewable resources包装设计package design 有利环境的environmental-friendly顾客的青睐customer favor 肤浅的，表明的superficial【句型点击】●自然过渡How shall I put it? 怎么说呢？Actually…..That’s just how I see it …..●个人观点Personally, I thi nk…..Frankly, I think….【参考范例】Packing of products concerns the fate of products because it arouses people’s desire for purchase. When deciding on packaging for products, we should take several things into consideration.First of all, the image catches the eye of potential customers, people are sometimes skin deep when surrounded by a variety of products, their decisions are simply based upon the packaging, therefore a thoughtful design in color, shape and packaging materials is crucial in winn ing customer’s favor.On the other hand, the cost of packaging should be carefully dealt with because it is contained in the prices of the products. Increased price will make the products less competitive in a buyer’s market. After all, in comparison with packaging, people are more sensitive to price.Last but not least, our resources are limited and some are even non-renewable. Once the products are opened up, the wrapper are useless, so it is expected that designers can develop further uses of packaging materials or at least make them environmental-friendly.第二辑Test 2Topic A: WHAT IS IMPORTANT WHEN ……?Selecting staff for promotion●Attitude to work●Current performance【词汇&短语】空缺职位vacancy 人事部personnel行政管理部administration 公关public relations总部head office 工资wages and salaries管理技能managerial skill 职业前景career prospect人力资源部human resources 团队协作teamwork【句型点击】●常用开始语Thank you for your questionThe answer is…Let me start with….In my viewIt is very likely that….●表达观点常用句What I am thinking is….Let me make my point very clear.It is crystal clear that…..There is no doubt that…..I am into the first opinion..【句型点击】When selecting staff for promotion, several factors should be taken into consideration, to begin with, the attitude to the work is one of the most fundamental elements. I believe attitude is everything. It is not uncommon to find workers who have great talents but are reluctant to make full contribution in their position, the point is, you have to love what you are doing and you have to try your utmost and reserve no effort to do it.Secondly, current performance is also very important, because it is obvious that attitude and effort have to be measured in a certain way so that you can know everyone’s capability.Thirdly, you can’t ignore career potential and adaptability, almost in every company, we can find employees who are excellent individuals but fail to cooperate in a team, these elements are all very essential in one’s career. Admittedly, it is not very likely to find all of them in one person, and then you have to consider about the specific position and grant priority to one of them.Topic B: WHAT IS I MPORTANT WHEN ……?Considering a career change●Further study or training●Opportunities for future promotion【词汇&短语】实际工资real wages 合并merger最终目标ultimate goal 个人收入personal income坏的影响adverse effect 工资价格螺旋上升wage-price spiral精明的讨价还价交易horse-trading 无形资产intangible assets资格qualification 投资回报return on investment【句型点击】●更倾向于某一个选项I would take …….. as my priority 我会把……..作为我的首选项。

Test4Part one：这套题目的难度不一般，我估计能把这套题给吃透了，以后基本可以笑傲阅读的第一部分了。

文章有点散，题目的信息也是相当隐晦，很可能看了半天依然找不着北。

写到这里多啰嗦几句，越是这种时候越要沉住气：所有人都一样，别人不会感觉比你容易。

这是整个BEC考试的第一部分，如果不对付好了，后面会溃不成军。

文章ABCD四个部分分别介绍了四个不同的连锁店的发展情况（retail development），因为是基本情况的介绍，所以有点泛，没法提炼重点，只能尽可能多的把文章里的疑似重点词汇划出来，以待备用。

第一题，说这个地区的消费支出潜力是整个国家最高的，这里的highest是关键词。

答案是C段的这句话：Eleven million people,with a combined spending power predicted to exceed a record 5.5bn pound.意思是综合消费能力预计将超过记录。

预计（predict），也就是潜力(potential)。

hightest，也就是exceed a record。

前面有个affluent，是形容词，富裕的。

第二题，说建筑这个中心的合作方曾多次负责其他的项目发展。

答案是A段的一句话：an initiative between three of the largest developers in the country, all with extensive experience of urban regeneration schemes.意思是这三个国内最大的开发商都拥有广泛的城市建造经验。

这里的with extensive experience就是题干所说的have been responsible for numerous other developments.第三题，说这个中心可能会成为未来城市发展规划的范例。

答案是B段的一句：This development is expected to set the standard for town centre regeneration schemes to come。

BEC中级第二部分归纳A.Ways of working1.FreelanceIt's great because I'm my own boss ,but I still work with lots of different people.2.Teleworking(远程工作)It san get a bit lonely at times. And I miss my colleagues and all the office gossip.My children are at school so it lets me spend more time with them.3.Job-sharingWhen one of us wants a week off, the other person does a few extra days so it's fairly flexible.4.Flexitime(弹性工作制)I like it because it/s only for a couple of months and I'm saving up to go round the world.5.Shift work(换班工作、轮班工作、倒班)Disadvantage: The only problem is sleeping. Your body never knows if it's night or day!6.Part-time7.Temping（打临时工）8.Consultancy9.Hot-deskingAdvantages: I wish I had my own space.I have to carry everything around in my bag and sometimes there's nowhere to sit.Tips of job-sharing1.Find the perfect partnerFind someone you like. Be prepared to communicate andshare credit and blame.2.Open your mindBosses should consider requests for flexible working from employees with children under six. So embrace the benefits:' Twice as much experience, skills, brainpower and energy.'3.Plan for disasterIf our partner have something to leave, a return to full-time work seemed inevitable. We have to manage to find someone else who fitted with us.4.Get organisedPlan the system for handing work over carefully and play to each other's different strengths. Delegate the workload according to each other's particular skills and qualities.5.Set your limitsManagers should clarify what they expect in terms of hours, availability and results, and employees should manage their employer's expectations.6.Put pan to paperAgree in writing arrangements for holidays, parental leave, retirement and so on. Everyone should stand from the beginning.7.Don't feel guiltyDo not be guilty for not being in the office everyday.8.Two become oneA job-sharing should be a marriage-one voice, one unit.Working from home1.Even at home, always set yourself a timetable.2.You need to find a quiet place to work ,where there are no distractions.3.If communicate with a client on the phone today rather than face-to face, it's still importantto dress for work as normal.4.You will still need peace and quiet at home. Don't answer the door to neighbours or makesocial calls.5.Once you have been working from home for a while, you might feel a bit lonely. It mightbe worth going into the office once or twice a week.6.After you have been at the computer for a few hours, remember to take a break-why botleave the house and go for a walk outside.7.Be strong. When a friend calls and asks you out to lunch, say what you would say in anyother job.8.Make sure colleagues and clients can reach you and answer the phone as though you are inthe office.B.DelegatingTips:1.Tailor work to individualIt should be challenging and make use of their specific skills-skills that you may not have. 2.Delegate complete tast This is much more satisfying for the person delegated to than bits and pieces. If people feel they have ownership of a whole manageable project,they will usually rise to the challenge.3.Give incentivesExplain why the job is important and why you have chosen them. Also explain what the rewards are possibly financial or psychological.4.Define the expectations and objectives\Specify what results are need, the deadline, and how oftenthe employee should update you.5.Avoid misunderstandAfter you have briefed the person, ask them to explain back to you what they're going to do to ensure the instructions are clear.6.Let goDon't check up on them, but allow them space to work on their own.7.Be positiveGive lots of praise, helpful feedback and constructive criticism. It boosts confidence save time next time.C. Stating a businessSole trader1)As a sole trader, you are independent, you are your own boss.2)As a sole trader, if you go bank-break, you will become impoverished.Take a big piece of business sense add some entrepreneurial spirit.Massively entrepreneurialPartnership1)In partnership, you share risks and profits with your partner.2)You may disagree with your partner on strategy.Franchise1)Franchising enables people to both own a business and get help running2)As a franchisee, your promotional activities, financial records, hiring, service procedureare not in complete control of your own.3) A well-run franchise organization can provide a personwho has never managed abusiness with guidance.4)Franchisors can provide a brand name, products or services, and financial assistance.5)Franchisees have to pay franchise fees and they lose some independence.6)Sometimes the training programs provided by the franchisors are weak to brief andstaffed by training who do not have instructional skill.It could be a very clever move for those who want to run their own show, but don not have the experience or the desire to set up in the dangerous and often short-lived(logevity) world of sole trader. It is taking some of the risk and bringing in the support of other people.D. AdvertisingE. Arranging in-house trainingThere are a number of points to consider when arranging in-house training. The first thing is the training needs of staff. Only when we know and meet their requirements,can we improve their knowledge and skills needed for higher quality performance and more effective work. Otherwise, it will be purposeless(无决心的，无意义的，漫无目的的) and a waste of time.The second thing to remember is the quality and influence of the trainer. To make the training effective, the trainer have plays a very important role. A qualified trainer with great influence can make the training more professional, appealing and convincing. Since most staff nowadays are quite busy, they will not attend a training offered by an obscure, inexperienced and non-professional trainer.In addition to that, length of training should be well-planned.It cannot be too long or too short. A lengthy training may be tedious and exhaustive;while too short training may be fruitless.F.Selecting applicants for a jobWhen selecting applicants for a job, the first thing to consider is their personal qualities. A candidate with relevant qualities can ensure that he or she has the required abilities, knowledge or techniques pertinent to that job. And companies don't have to prepare further training for them when they start work thus reduces costs.Secondly , a candidate needs to consider the communicating ability ofi the candidate. By communicative skills , we mean having the ability to express ideas clearly , be cooperative and get on well with other people which will be very important for him or her to play a good part in the team work./doc/289715807.html,pany benefits(how to keep a staff)None cash rewards(rewards in financial as well as psychological)1.an impressive job title2.A good salary3.Flexible working hours4.Opportunities for promotion(promotion from within , intake ; )5.Days off and long holidays6.Training and staff development (vice-president incumbent programme)7.A pension8.Opportunities to travel (once-in-a-lifetime incentive trips)9.Parental leave10.A company car11.Working environmentH.advertisement1.word of mouthWe tend to listen to our friends' recommendations more than anything else so word of mouth is probably the most effective.2.MailshotsPizza delivery firms often do mailshots in the local area. It's cheap but lots of people probably throw the leaflet away./doc/289715807.html, commercialsTV commercials reach millions of people but they are so expensive.4.SpamIt used to irritate me but my new anti-virus software seems to block any spam from my inbox.5.BannersI'm not sure about banners. When I visit a website , I don't think I even notice them.6.Newspaper advertI suppose it's good if you're looking for a job locally and newspaper adverts are relatively cheap.7.BrochuresPeople use brochures less and less because they can just go online if they want to find out what's available.8.SampleIt's great when you get a free sample because you can really see what it's like .I. Employee trainingCommunication, computer skills , customer service , diversity , ethics , human relatives , safety , sexual harassmentBenefits:(1)Increased job satisfaction and morale among employees.(2)Increased employee motivation.(3)Increased efficiencies in processes , resulting in financial gain.(4)Increased capacity to adopt new technologies and methods.(5)Increased innovation in strategies and products.(6)Reduced employee turnover.(7)Enhanced company image.(8)Risk managing.As a supervisor(主管), you must be impartial(公平) in selecting employees for a training. You should base your training decision on sound management practices without regard to factors such as race , color , religion , sex , sexual orientation (性取向), national origin , disability , or age.Training is important for me to handle new and more demanding assignments , maintain effective and satisfactory performance. Offering employees training should be the obligation(义务、责任) of modern organisations.What's important when designing an effective training plan?When designing an effective training plan,it's important to consider training needs, company budgets and employee commitment.Firstly, you should take time to carefully analyse your needs, figure out whether the designed training is absolutely required, or nice to have? This will help you identify your priority and choose the right type of training for your requirements.Secondly, you need to have agreement from the senior person in your company that training is a priority. This person willneed to support the plan fully and agree to the budget. The amount of budget will determine what type of training you will use and how you will offer it .Last but not least, employee commitment (许诺、委托事项) is also required . Talk to your staff about their needs and goals for training . This will ensure your employees respond positively to your investment in their development. They will then value and embrace opportunities to learn new skills , thus achieving your desired effects.J. Entertaining business clientsWhen entertaining business clients, we need , first of all, to decide on the most suitable venue for the event to take place. We will probably find out in our first contact with our clients if they are more of art lovers or sports fans or gourmets(美食家), and then choose the type of entertainment: whether it should be in a restaurant or in the theatre of in some other appropriate venue for the event.It is also very important for us to have a clear plan in mind when we come to the meeting. We need to work out a list of specific business objectives to achieve. Therefore while making sure our business clients enjoy themselves, we quietly and smoothly direct the meeting step by step towards our goal.The other important aspect is the timing for bringing up the subject of business. Because inopportune(不合时宜的、不合适) mentioning of the matter of business may embarrass our clients at a social setting and discourage their interest in the business you intend to do and even ruin a fine business opportunity.K. Planing a meeting / conferenceCreating an agenda is very important when planing a meeting. Doing so helps participants know what they shouldtalking about and keeps the conversation focused. All items to be discussed at the meeting should be listed on the agenda and the purpose of each item should be clearly indicated. Make sure copies of the agenda are available before the meeting.The size of a meeting depends on its purpose. A meeting for passing on information to employees can be fairly large, for few questions and comments are expected from the audience. If it's a meeting where different ideas are contributed and a decision is to be reached, its size should be controlled to save time.A suitable venue is also important. It should be a place be a place convenient to all participants so that everyone can arrive on time.L. Attending a meeting / conferenceWhen you're deciding whether to attend a conference, speakers are a very important factor to consider. If they are well-known people knowing a lot about a particular field, or from big multinationals, the conference will be likely to be informative and you may benefit a lot from it.Venue is not so important , but if the conference is held in a place with beautiful surroundings,more people will go and it's good for you to do some useful networking.Topics covered are also very important, since you can really benefit from a conference only when what the speakers talk about is what you're interested in or what relates to your work.Also, if there is an exhibition during the conference, there would be more participants.M. Giving a presentationWhen planning a presentation, it's important t o research the topic. By doing so , you can have access to more information anddetails about the topic, better understand the topic, and gather more supporting ideas to make your presentation convincing and impressive.Another important thing to do is to practice beforehand,like looking over your notes, practising what you're going to say, and trying to feel you really want to share your subject with your audience. It's an effective way to be familiar with what you're to talk about and to get a feel of speaking to the public. That can help you free from nervousness or stage fright cause by lack of experience in public speaking. You can be more confident and give a better performance.Dressing properly is also important. The clothes you wear are what gets the audience's attention first and will have a significant impact on how people feel about you and what you are saying to them.N. Trade fairs and exhibitions。

剑桥商务英语中级第二辑真题阅读精讲人邮第二辑真题TEST 1 READING PART 11 the contact between coach and employee not solving all difficulties at work2 the discussion of how certain situations could be better handled if they occur again3 a coach encouraging an employee to apply what has been taught to routine work situations4 coaching providing new interest to individuals who are unhappy in their current positions5 coaching providing a supportive environment to discuss performance6 employees being asked to analyse themselves and practise greater self-awareness7 coaching enabling a company to respond rapidly to a lack of expertise in a certain areaCoachingACoaching involves two or more people sitting down together to talk through issues that have come up recently at work, and analysing how they were managed and how they might be dealt with more effectively on subsequent occasions. Coaching thus transfers skills and information from one person to another in an on-the-job situation so that the work experience of the coach is used to advise and guide the individual being coached. It also allows successes and failures to be evaluated in a non-threatening atmosphere.BCoaching means influencing the learner's personal development, for example his or her confidence and ambition. It can take place any time during an individual's career. Coaching is intended to assist individuals to function more effectively, and it is a powerful learning model. It begins where skills-based training ends, and helps individuals to use formally learnt knowledge in day-to-day work and management situations. Individuals being coached are in a demanding situation with their coach, which requires them to consider their own behaviour and question their reasons for doing things.CThe coach professionally assists the career development of another individual, outside the normal manager/subordinate relationship. In theory, the coaching relationship should provide answers to every problem, but in practice it falls short of this. However, it can provide a space for discussion and feedback on topics such as people management and skills, behaviour patterns, confidence-building and time management. Through coaching, an organisation can meet skills shortages, discuss targets and indicate how employees should deal with challenging situations, all at short notice.DEffective coaches are usually those who get satisfaction from the success of others and who give time to the coaching role. Giving people coaching responsibilities can support their development, either by encouraging management potential through small-scale one-to-one assignments, or by providing added job satisfaction to managers who feel they are stuck in their present jobs. A coach is also a confidential adviser, accustomed to developing positive and effective approaches to complex management, organisational and change problems.这篇文章讲的是培训（coaching）的作用。

NO.I(1)BEC2 Part One Listening UNIT One Personal Identification(个人信息)Vocabulary File 1.Describing people2.responsibilityNew Words and ExpressionMD(Manager Director的缩写) be responsible for 对。

负责，主管financial manger n..财务经理transfer v. 调任accounting n. 会计工作，清算帐目promote v. 提升medium-sized adj 中型的shareholder n. 股东subsidiary n.. 子公司autonomous adj. 自治的，有自治权的consist of 由。

组成software n .软件operating division 运作部门maintenance n. 维修component 零部件purchase v.把。

购买下来specific adj. 特定的make a note of把。

记下来re-schedule v. 重新安排experienced adj. 有经验的surname n. 姓contact n. 合同be familiar with 对。

熟悉deposit account 定期帐户go ahead 着手security procedure 安全程序current account 活期帐目solicitor n. 律师password n. 密码signature n. 签名graphics n. 制图，制图学presume v. 假设，假定finalized v. 最后定下来sign out 签名registration number 注册号ensure v. 保证initial 1 n. 首字母2.adj. 首先的，开始的safety regulation 安全规则comply with 遵守spare part 零部件involve v. 包括，包含，涉及catalogue n. 产品目录competitive adj. 竟争的innovative adj. 创新的strip down 把。