<英语语法>
阅卷须知:阅卷用红色墨水笔书写,得分用阿拉伯数字写在每小题题号前,用正分表示,不得分则在题B 号前写0;大题得分登录在对应得题号前;统一命题得课程应集体阅卷,流水作业;阅卷后要进行复核,发现漏评、漏记或总
Ｒewrite t ｈe fo ｌlowing s ｅn ｔence ｓ ｕsi ｎg the t ｗｏ pa ｔt ｅrs 。(40%) Ｗe ｅxpect t ｈａt ｈｅ ｗill be c ｏming.
a)
It is ｅxp ｅｃted ｔhat he wi ｌl be c ｏmi ｎg. b) He is e ｘpec ｔｅd to be ｃom ｉn ｇ、
1. Ｐe ｏｐle t ｈink th ａｔ he ｉs ｃo ｍｉng 、
2、 They believe that he is hon ｅst 、
3、We know th ａt y ｏu were in tow ｎ on the ｎig ｈt of th ｅ crime 。
4. we u ｎd ｅrstand ｔha ｔ ｓhe w ａｓ th ｅ bes ｔ singe ｒ ｔhat Au ｓtr ａli ａ ｈas ever ｐr ｏd ｕｃed 、
5、 P ｅo ｐle ｓuppose ｔhat he i ｓ i ｎ Pa ｒi ｓ、
６. P ｅople ｓa ｙ t ｈa ｔ t ｈe murdere ｒ is hid ｉｎg in the woods 。
７、
The ｒｅ is ａ rep ｏrt that un ｉdentifie ｄ ｆly ｉng objects ｗe ｒｅ seen ｏve ｒ N ｅw Je ｒsey l ａs ｔ ni ｇht 、
8。 Ｔhere is a ｒumour that he ｈa ｓ esca ｐe ｄ to Dublin 、
９、 Ｐeople expect that ｅlect ｒi ｃit ｙ ｓu ｐp ｌy w ｉl ｌ be a ｄｅqua ｔe ｎe ｘt year 。 １0.Peo ｐle kn ｏw h ｉm t ｏ be a go ｏd tea ｃhe ｒ.
A) Ｒewri ｔe the ｆo ｌlowing sentences usin ｇ “adj ｅｃt ｉｖe+in ｆini ｔive” cons ｔｒu ｃｔｉon ｓ.(１0％)
Ｉt ｉs easy to r ｅmember ｔhis r ｕle 、
Ｔhi ｓ rule is e ａsy t ｏ rem ｅｍber 、
１。I waｓｓｏrry wheｎIｌearｎt that hｅhａｄhad an aｃcidｅnｔ。
2.Yoｕwiｌl ｂｅsad wｈeｎｙou heaｒｗhat Ｉｈａve ｔo ｔeｌl you。
3.They wouｌd ｂｅvery surｐrｉsed ifｔhey weｒe tｏrｅｃeｉｖeａｎiｎｖitaｔi ｏn、
4、Ｓhe is hapｐy that sｈe ｈaｓfound sucｈ a nｉcｅpｌace to ｌive ｉｎ.
5。I ｗasａfraiｄaｔthe tｈought of ｇoing pａｓｔtｈe ｈaunted house ａlｏｎｅ、６. Bob was pleasｅd wｈｅｎｈe ｈｅａｒd he had ｂｅeｎpromotｅd、
7。I very much wanｔto meｅｔyｏu、
8。Ｗe received youｒtｅleｇｒaｍand weｒe ｄelｉｇhted.
9。Iｔwas sensible ｏｆｙｏuｔo sｔay inｄoors、
10Tｈe cｌerkａnsｗered the call proｍｐtｌy。
Ｂ)?Replacｅthe woｒds in italｉcsｂy an infｉnitｉve ｏr an –ｉnｇcoｎstｒucｔｉoｎ、(1０％)
Ｔhｅhｅadmaｓtｅr suggesteｄthaｔI sｈoulｄｔry the exaｍinａtｉon agaｉn thｅfoll ｏwinｇyｅａr。
Thｅheadｍaｓteｒｓuggestｅd my trｙｉｎg thｅeｘaminaｔｉon agaiｎthe ｆollowing year、
1.Tｈe policｅhoｐe tｈａt thｅy will solvｅtｈe ｃrｉme soon.
2.ThｅＭiniｓter ｏf Laｂouｒreadily aｇreedｔhaｔhe would meetｔｈe unｉon ｌe
ａdeｒｓ、
3.He did n’t evｅn aｃknowｌｅdge tｈat ｈe had recｅived ｔhe invｉtaｔiｏｎ。
4.The witｎess rｅportｅｄｔｈat he ｈａd ｓeen a dark saloon cａr paｒked oｕtsｉ
de tｈe bａnk aｔtｈe tinｅof tｈeｒｏbｂｅrｙ。
5.I dｉdn’t recall tｈat he ｈａd saiｄanｙｓuch thｉng。
6.The defeatｅd champion sｗｏｒe that ｈe would havｅhis revenge。
7.Thｅｐａny hａs decided thatｉt will close doｗn unecｏnomiｃfａcｔorieｓ。
8.The accｕsed aｄmitted tｈaｔhe hａd rｅceiｖed ｔhe sｔolen ｇｏodｓ.
9.Ｈe ｃｌaimed thaｔhe was an ｅｘｐeｒt ｉn sｕch ｍatters。
10.Thｅacｃｕseｄpreteｎdｅd ｔｈａtｈe didn’t uｎderstａnd tｈe laｗyeｒ’s queｓtｉ
ons.
C) Rｅpｌａce tｈｅwoｒdｓｉｎitａlics ｂｙ a tｈat—cｌause、(10％)
Rｅsｅａrｃhers haｖe now proved earｌieｒtheorｉes ｔｏhａｖe beeｎincorrect、Reseaｒchers haｖe now proｖeｄthat eａｒlieｒｔｈeoriｅs ｗｅｒe(ｏrｈaｄｂｅen) iｎｃoｒreｃt、
1.The pｏlice believed theｉr ｉnｆormaｎt to be reｌｉable。
2.Ouｒcoｒrespondｅnt repｏrts the situatiｏn toｂeｎow uｎdｅr controｌ、
3.Tｈｅsittｉnｇmember ｓｔａted it tｏｂeｕｎｌｉkｅly that hｅwｏuld stａnd
fir Pａrliament at thｅnexｔeｌecｔion、
4.ManｙBｒｉtish peoｐle thought it tｏｂe cｒuｅｌto send aniｍａls in rｏckets iｎto
ouｔｅrｓｐaｃe、
5.Eveｒyoneａssｕmed what he said ｔｏbe based oｎfact.
6.Pressｅｄby sharehｏｌders fｏr fｕrther detaiｌs, the chaｉｒmaｎconfｅssed iｔtｏ
be lｉkeｌy that prｏfｉｔs would show ａｆurthｅｒfalｌ、
7.On the otherｈand, heｍaintained his lｏｎg-terｍoｐtimism to be justiｆied。
8.The PｒimｅMinistｅr ｃleaｒlｙsｕspectｓhiｓpａrtｙto hａve littlｅｃhaｎc
ｅof winnｉng ｔhe ｎｅxｔeｌｅction、
9.Ｔhe cｌimbers reckoned the ascent to ｈave tａken nｅaｒly ｆive anｄa ｈalｆhouｒs。
ｃlｏseｄhis evｉdeｎｃｅtｏhａve ｂeen peｒjｕred.
Rｅwｒite ｔhｅfoｌlowｉng senｔenceｓin sｕch a waｙaｓto avoid the dangｌing ｐarticipｉal conｓｔｒｕctions、(10％)
While ｃleanｉnｇhis gｕｎ, it went oｆf uｎexpｅctedly。
(Whiｌe) ｈis gｕn ｂｅing cｌeaｎed,it ｗent ｏff unexpｅｃteｄlｙ、
1.Wａlkｉng iｎｔｈeｆielｄｓ, a snake ｂiｔEuｒydicｅｉn the heel、
2.Ruｎniｎg iｎtｏthe rooｍ, a rｕｇcaught her footａnd shｅfｅlｌ.
3.Pｉｎned to the door by a knife, the ｍｅn saw a ｎotｉcｅ.
4.Wrｉtｔen in lａｒge leｔｔerｓ, ｔhey read the worｄ“Beware"。
5.Ｗhen plaｎｔiｎg tｈese fｌoweｒs,caｒe mｕｓt be taken not to daｍａgｅthｅｒｏ
otｓ.
6.Ｗheｎcａrｒyinｇａguｎ, it shｏuｌd neveｒbe poｉnted at anyoｎｅ。
7.Baｒkiｎg ｆｕriously, I lｅd the dｏg oｕt of ｔｈe room、
8.Havｉnｇpaid mｙtａｘeｓ,ｔｈe amount ｌefｔin the baｎk iｓhaｒdｌy woｒ
ｔh menｔioｎｉｎｇ。
9.Tied ｔo ａｐost, the sea wａs tossｉng ｔｈeｂｏaｔup and dowｎ。
ａlｅ,the rｏad was blockｅd by ａhuge tree。
Ｔranslate ｔｈｅfollｏwｉｎｇintoＣhiｎese.(2０%)
1、a) He deseｒｖｅｓshｏoting firｓt、
b) He deserves tｏsｈoot fｉrｓｔ、
2.a) Thｅbｏy wants ｗａtcｈing、
b) Tｈe bｏy ｗａｎｔs ｔo ｗaｔch。
3.a) I ｒeｍｅｍbeｒpａyｉnｇtｈe biｌl、
b) I reｍｅmｂeｒed ｔｏpay the bill.
4.a) Thｅmａn tｒiｅd turｎing the keｙanｏtheｒwａｙ、
ｂ) Tｈe ｍanｔrieｄtｏｔｕrn thｅkeyａｎother wａy、
5.a) I regrｅt telling you that Dａｖid ｓtｏle tｈe monｅy、
b)?I regrｅｔtｏteｌl ｙou tｈat Davｉd ｓtole tｈｅmoｎey。
6.Hｅis ｎo mｏre ａwritｅr than a paiｎter、
7.Iｔｗas as mｕch oｆａｓuｃcess as Ｉhａd hopｅd。
8.Thｅbeautyｏf the place iｓmoｒe tｈaｎI ｃaｎdesｃribｅ。
9.Manｙpｅｏplｅdｉd not attend ｔhe meeting。
10.I cａn’t understaｎｄboｔh of thｅse two senｔenceｓ、
练习题 1) It is said that a new robot ____by him in a few days. A) designed B) has been designed C) will be designed D) will have been designed 2)We are late. I expect the film ____by the time we get to the cinema. A) will already have started B) would already have started C) shall have already started D) has already been started 3) She will stop showing off if no notice____ of her. A) is taken B) takes C) will be taken D) has taken 4) Diamond ____in Brazil in 1971. A) is found B) has been found
C) was found D) had been found 5)“Have you moved into the new flat?” Not yet. The room____.” A) has been painted B) is painted C) paints D) is being painted 6) My pictures ____until next Friday. A) won't develop B) aren't developed C) don't develop D) won' t be developed 7) Tim ____since he lost his job three weeks ago. A) had been unemployed B) was unemployed C) has been unemployed D) has unemployed 8) A great number of colleges and universities ____since 1949. A) has been establish B) have been established C) have established D) had been established
1.Noun Identify the uncountable nouns ? 1. Nouns that have no distinct, separate parts, we look as the whole (气、液、固体) ? 2. Nouns that have parts that are too small or insignificant to count (sand grass hair) ? 3. Nouns that are classes or categories of things (food, clothing, money) P49 ? 4. Nouns that are abstraction (life, work, music) ? 5. Subjects of study (history, math) 不可数变可数三大规律 ? 1. 物质名词(总称名词)若表示不同的种类，或者表示特定的意思，或者是液体名词表示“几杯”或“几瓶”这样的数量时。 ? 2. 抽象名词若是具体化，则可数。与此相反，可数转化为不可数。 ? 3. 当一个名词表示抽象、总称的概念，则为不可数，当一个名词表示具体、特定的事物，则为可数。 物质名词/总称名词变可数 ? 1. 总称名词具体化 ?A: Would you like a cake? ?B: No. I don’t like cake. ? 2. 物质名词变意思 ?I need some paper. / I bought a paper. ? 3. 液体物质名词表数量 ?Two beers and three coffees, please. 抽象名词变可数 ?Art (an art) / beauty (a beauty) / youth (a youth) ?Eg. 1. Youth is not a time of life. It is a state of mind. ? 2. When as a child I laughed and wept– time crept. ?When as a youth I dreamed and talked-time walked. 2Articles Specific reference--the ? 1. 特指是针对交际双方来说的 ? 2. 特指就是根据说话者和听话者共有的知识，或根据上下文，可以识别的事物。 ? 3. 说话者用the是想要听话者找到双方心中都知道的所知，而听话者一方“断定”或“还原”所指对象的方法有多种。 ? 1. Situational/cultural reference ?Eg. Albert Einstein, the famous physicist. ? 2. textual co-reference— ?anaphoric reference (前指）& ?cataphoric reference （后指 ? 1. general knowledge (the sun, the moon, the North Pole, the Equator, the universe, the Renaissance, the Pope 罗马教皇） ? 2. specific knowledge/ local use (let’s go to the library) ? 3. immediate situation (The roses are very beautiful. Can you find the page?）
大学英语语法 学习提纲 一、词类、句子成分和构词法： 1、词类：英语词类分十种： 名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.)：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. 2、代词(pron.)：主要用来代替名词。如：who, she, you, it . 3、形容词(adj..)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。如：good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。如：am, is,are,have,see . 6、副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。如：now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7、冠词(art..)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如：a, an, the. 8、介词(prep.)：表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in, on, from, above, behind. 9、连词(conj.)：用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before . 10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如：oh, well, hi, hello. 2、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。如： I’m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。如：Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、 代词或形容词担任。如：My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。如： He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词) 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间 接宾语。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如：He wrote me a letter . (他给 我写了一封信) 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾 语。如：He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信) 5、定语修饰名词或代词,通常由形容词、代词、数词等担任。如： Shanghai is a big city .(上海是个大城市)
初二英语语法总结 1) leave的用法 1.“leave+地点”表示“离开某地”。例如： When did you leave Shanghai? 你什么时候离开上海的？ 2.“leave for+地点”表示“动身去某地”。例如： Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London. 下周五，爱丽斯要去伦敦了。 3.“leave+地点+for+地点”表示“离开某地去某地”。例如： Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing? 你为什么要离开上海去北京？ 2) 情态动词should“应该”学会使用 should作为情态动词用，常常表示意外、惊奇、不能理解等，有“竟会”的意思，例如：How should I know? 我怎么知道？ Why should you be so late today? 你今天为什么来得这么晚？ should有时表示应当做或发生的事，例如： We should help each other.我们应当互相帮助。 我们在使用时要注意以下几点： 1. 用于表示“应该”或“不应该”的概念。此时常指长辈教导或责备晚辈。例如： You should be here with clean hands. 你应该把手洗干净了再来。 2. 用于提出意见劝导别人。例如： You should go to the doctor if you feel ill. 如果你感觉不舒服，你最好去看医生。 3. 用于表示可能性。should的这一用法是考试中常常出现的考点之一。例如： We should arrive by supper time. 我们在晚饭前就能到了。 She should be here any moment. 她随时都可能来。 3) What...? 与 Which...? 1. what 与 which 都是疑问代词，都可以指人或事物，但是what仅用来询问职业。如：What is your father? 你父亲是干什么的？ 该句相当于： What does your father do?
大学英语语法专项练习题 大学英语语法专项练习题 一、时态 1. By the end of April Peter here for three months. A. will have stayed B. will stay C. stays D. has stayed 2. I'm awfully sorry, but I had no alternative. I simply _____ what I did. A. ought to have done B. have to do C. had to do D. must do 3. We ________our breakfast when an old man came to the door. A. just have had B. have just had C. just had D. had just had 4. Ever since the family moved to the suburbs last year, they________ better health. A. could have enjoyed B. had enjoyed C. have been enjoying D. are enjoying 5. I bought a new house last year, but I ______my old house yet, so at the moment I have two houses. A. did not sell B. have not sold C. had not sold D. do not sell 6. I decided to go to the library as soon as I ________. A. finish what I did B. finished what I did C. would finish what I was doing D. finished what I was doing 7. He _________when the bus came to a sudden stop. A. was almost hurt B. was hurt himself C. was to hurt himself D. was hurting himself 8. I suppose that when I come back in ten years' time all those old houses _______down. A. will have been pulled B. will have pulled C. will be pulling D. will be pulled 9. Bob's leg got hurt ________the Purple Mountains. A. while he is climbing up B. while we were climbing up C. while we climbed up D. while he climbed up 10. Pick me up at 8 o'clock. I _______ my bath by then. A. may have B. will be having C. can have had D. will have had 11. If you smoke in a non-smoking section people________. A. will object B. objected C. must object D. have objected 12. By the end of this month, we surely _______ a satisfactory solution to the problem A. have found B. will be finding C. are finding D. will have found 13. We __________to start our own business, but we never had enough money. A. have hope B. hope C. had hoped D. should hope 14. The gray building is where the workers live, and the white one is where the spare parts______ A. are producing B. are produced C. produced D. being produced 15. While people may refer to television for up-to-the-minute news, it is unlikely that television __________the newspaper completely. A. will replace B. have replaced C. replace D. replaced 16. It's reported that by the end of this month the output of cement in the factory ________by
大学英语语法专项练习题 一、时态 1. By the end of April Peter here for three months. A. will have stayed B. will stay C. stays D. has stayed 2. I'm awfully sorry, but I had no alternative. I simply _____ what I did. A. ought to have done B. have to do C. had to do D. must do 3. We ________our breakfast when an old man came to the door. A. just have had B. have just had C. just had D. had just had 4. Ever since the family moved to the suburbs last year, they________ better health. A. could have enjoyed B. had enjoyed C. have been enjoying D. are enjoying 5. I bought a new house last year, but I ______my old house yet, so at the moment I have two houses. A. did not sell B. have not sold C. had not sold D. do not sell 6. I decided to go to the library as soon as I ________. A. finish what I did B. finished what I did C. would finish what I was doing D. finished what I was doing 7. He _________when the bus came to a sudden stop. A. was almost hurt B. was hurt himself C. was to hurt himself D. was hurting himself 8. I suppose that when I come back in ten years' time all those old houses _______down. A. will have been pulled B. will have pulled C. will be pulling D. will be pulled 9. Bob's leg got hurt ________the Purple Mountains. A. while he is climbing up B. while we were climbing up C. while we climbed up D. while he climbed up 10. Pick me up at 8 o'clock. I _______ my bath by then. A. may have B. will be having C. can have had D. will have had 11. If you smoke in a non-smoking section people________. A. will object B. objected C. must object D. have objected 12. By the end of this month, we surely _______ a satisfactory solution to the problem A. have found B. will be finding C. are finding D. will have found 13. We __________to start our own business, but we never had enough money. A. have hope B. hope C. had hoped D. should hope 14. The gray building is where the workers live, and the white one is where the spare parts______ A. are producing B. are produced C. produced D. being produced 15. While people may refer to television for up-to-the-minute news, it is unlikely that television __________the newspaper completely. A. will replace B. have replaced C. replace D. replaced 16. It's reported that by the end of this month the output of cement in the factory ________by about 10%. A. will have risen B. has risen C. will be rising D. has been rising 17. Until then, his family___________ from him for six months. A. didn't hear B. hasn’t been hearing C. hasn't heard D. hadn't heard
大学英语语法及练习 Last updated at 10:00 am on 25th December 2020
大学英语语法及练习 第一讲虚拟语气 I. 考点分析：分四级语法复习 虚拟语气是动词的特殊形式，用来表达说话人的意愿、建议、请求、意图、惊奇、设想等未能或不可能成为事实的情况，以及在说话人看来实现的可能性很小的情况。 虚拟语气是非常重要的语法考点。考查历届四级试题，我们发现与虚拟语气有关的考题每次至少2题，有时甚至3-4题。虚拟语气的考查要点有： 1. 虚拟语气的形式：分清虚拟时间和主从句的动词形式十分重要，因此我们把所有虚拟语气的不同类型列表归纳并进行对比，以便于同学们记忆掌握。
2. 要注意从句中第一/三人称的过去式was用were代替。 例如：If I were invited, I would come. If she were not ill, she could do a lot of things. 3. if条件句中如谓语动词是were, had, should, could时，可以省略if, 把它们前置。
例如： Had my father a lot of money, he would send me abroad. Could I do it, I would surely do it. Should the Black Death reappear, what should we do?（万一黑死病再次出现，我们该怎么办） 4. 错综时间的条件句是难点，如99年1月第60题: If I hadn’t stood under the ladder to catch you when you fell, you wouldn’t be smiling now.（从句用过去完成时，主句用现在进行时） 又如：If I were you, I would have gone to the film last night.(从句虚拟现在，主句虚拟过去)；If we hadn’t got everything ready by now, we should be having a terrible time tomorrow.(从句虚拟过去，主句虚拟将来)； If the weather had been more favorable, the crops would be growing still better.(从句虚拟过去，主句虚拟现在) 5. 虚拟句的另一难点是省略if条件句的含蓄条件句，如： I would have written the paper before, but I have been ill.(=If I had not been ill, I would have written the paper before.); A true friend would have acted differently. (=A friend, if he had been true, would have acted differently.) 6. 注意介词短语 without, but for, in the absence等表示虚拟条件。
大学英语第三册语法结构分析 (译部分) 1.发言人明确表示总统在任何情况下都不会取消这次旅行。 The spokesman made it clear that the president would not 主谓语 Cancel (the trip) under any circumstances. 介状 2. 我们相信他所说的，因为他受过良好的教育，出身于受人尊敬的家庭，更重 要的是他为人可靠。 We believ e what he has said , because he is well-educated , comes 主谓主 from a respectable familly and what’s more , he is reliable. 3. 随后后发生的那些事件证明了我的猜疑是对的。 The subsequent events confirmed my suspicions once again. 谓 4. 在赛后举行的记者招待会上，这位足教练因该队表现不佳而向球迷们致歉。 At the press conference held after the game , the football coach apologized to the fans for his team’s poor performance. 5. 令我们吃惊的是，这位常被赞为十分正直的州长竟然是一个贪官。 To our surprise, the governor who had often been praised for his honesty tur ned out to be a corrupt official. 谓语 6. 有少数人得到了提升，在这同时却有数万个人被解雇。 A few workers were promoted , but meanwhile hundreds of workers were dismissed. 7. 如果有机会，约翰也许已成为一位杰出的画家。 Given the chance , John might have become an outstanding painter.
大学英语语法试题及答案(2) 第 2 单元题目： 1.More people visit the Air and Space Museum honoring men and women who have pioneered flight and the exploration of space than _____ any other monument or museum in the entire country. A) visit B) to visit C) visited D) visiting 题目： 2.I work in a little room off the main entrance _____ museum, checking coats and other articles which people do not want to carry around as they tour the building. A) to B) of C) at D) for 题目： 3.What apparently had happened, three years ago, was that Kate _____ to a different building. A) went B) has gone C) had gone D) would go 题目： 4.She had waited at another museum for days and had spent all her money _____ to find Sidney. A) tried B) trying C) to try D) try 题目： 5.Without facts we cannot form a worthwhile opinion for we need to have factual knowledge _____ our thinking. A) which to be based B) which to base upon C) upon which to base D) to which to be based 题目： 6.Helen believes if a man robs her of five dollars it is the same as if he _____ a hundred. A) takes B) will take C) took D) has taken 题目： 7.He had a cottage which consists _____ three rooms, a bathroom and kitchen. A) of B) with C) in D) by 题目： 8.Behind him Paul could hear the angry man _____ to break the door open. A) trying B) to try C) tried D) try 题目： 9.Some companies have introduced flexible working time with less emphasis on pressure _____. A) than more on efficiency B) and more efficiency C) and more on efficiency D) than efficiency 题目： 10.The gardener is taking care of the place, no one _____ there at present. A) living B) lives C) lived D) to live 题目： 11.The City Bank will pa fifty pounds to _____ who helps the police to catch the man. A) someone B) nobody C) anyone D) somebody 题目： 12.When Paul Carson saw the big red American car coming towards him, he stopped his won car at the side, _____ room for it to pass. A) to make B) made C) making D) make 题目： 13.What bothers me is _____ I paid for all this stuff that we don't want anymore. A) what B) that C) which D) who 题目： 14.A hinge joint is _____ permits forward and backward movement of a door. A) the B) whose C) what D) those 题目：15.Garage sales in the United States serve many purposes _____ cleaning out unwanted items and making money. A) besides B) except for C) except D) apart from 题目： 16.This is _____ the most difficult job I have ever tackled. A) by rights B) by itself C) by oneself D) by far
三级语法考点归纳 一．虚拟语气 1. if 句中虚拟形式 if 引导的非真实条件句（纯粹假设或发生的可能性不大）： 条件从句主句 与现在相反 did (be were) would/ should/ might/ could do 与将来相反 did (be were) would/ should/ might/ could do 与过去相反 had done would/ should/ might/ could have done 例句 If we left (leave) now, we should arrive in time. If they hadn’t gone on vacation, their house wouldn’t have been broken (break) into. 2. 原形虚拟： a. 表命令、决定、要求、建议等词语之后的that-分句中，用动词原形。 suggest, demand, advise, propose, order, arrange, insist, command, require, request, desire …… that ＋(should) do 例如 He suggested that we should leave early. My suggestion is that we should tell him. b. It is (was) 形容词/名词that …… (should) do/ 例如 It is absolutely essential that all the facts be examined first. 3. 一些句型中的虚拟形式：
英语语法 语法复习一：句子成分；简单句、并列句和复合句 一、句子成分 （一）句子成分的定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。（二）主语：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。例如：During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.（名词）We often speak English in class.（代词） One-third of the students in this class are girls.（数词） To swim in the river is a great pleasure.（不定式） Smoking does harm to the health.（动名词） The rich should help the poor.（名词化的形容词） When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.（主语从句） It is necessary to master a foreign language.（it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）（三）谓语：谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。谓语的构成如下： 1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如：He practices running every morning. 2、复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。如：You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold. （2）由系动词加表语构成。如：We are students. （四）表语：表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态，它一般位于系动词（如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等）之后。表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及表语从句表示。例如： Our teacher of English is an American.（名词） Is it yours?（代词） The weather has turned cold.（形容词） The speech is exciting.（分词） Three times seven is twenty one?（数词） His job is to teach English.（不定式） His hobby（爱好）is playing football.（动名词） The machine must be out of order.（介词短语） Time is up. The class is over.（副词） The truth is that he has never been abroad.（表语从句） （五）宾语：宾语表示动作的对象或承爱者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面。例如：They went to see an exhibition（展览）yesterday.（名词） The heavy rain prevented me form coming to school on time.（代词） How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.（数词） They helped the old with their housework yesterday.（名词化形容词） He pretended not to see me.（不定式短语） I enjoy listening to popular music.（动名词短语） I think（that）he is fit for his office.（宾语从句） 宾语种类：（1）双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语），例如：Lend me your dictionary, please.（2）复合宾语（宾语+宾补），例如：They elected him their monitor.
＜英语语法＞ 阅卷须知：阅卷用红色墨水笔书写，得分用阿拉伯数字写在每小题题号前，用正分表示，不得分则在题E号前写0;大题得分登录在对应的题号前；统一命题的课程应集体阅卷，流水作业；阅卷后要进行复核，发现漏评、漏记或总分统计错误应及时更正； Rewrite the follow ing senten ces using the two patters. (40%) We expect that he will be coming. a) It is expected that he will be coming. b) He is expected to be coming. 1. People think that he is coming. 2. They believe that he is hon est. 3. We know that you were in town on the night of the crime. 4. we un dersta nd that she was the best sin ger that Australia has ever produced. 5. People suppose that he is in Paris. 6. People say that the murderer is hidi ng in the woods. 7. There is a report that unidentified flying objects were seen over New Jersey last night. 8. There is a rumour that he has escaped to Dubli n. 9. People expect that electricity supply will be adequate n ext year. 10. People know him to be a good teacher. Part II A) Rewrite the following sentences using “ adjective+infinitive ” constructions.(10%) It is easy to remember this rule. This rule is easy to remember. 1.1 was sorry whe n I lear nt that he had had an accide nt. 2. You will be sad whe n you hear what I have to tell you. 3. They would be very surprised if they were to receive an invitation. 4. She is happy that she has found such a nice place to live in. 5. I was afraid at the thought of going past the hau nted house alone. 6. Bob was pleased whe n he heard he had bee n promoted. 7. I very much want to meet you. 8. We received your telegram and were delighted. 9. It was sen sible of you to stay in doors. 10 The clerk answered the call promptly. B) Replace the words in italics by an infin itive or an -ng con structi on .(10%) The headmaster suggested that I should try the exam in ati on aga in the followi ng year. The headmaster suggested my tryi ng the exam in ati on aga in the followi ng year.