Reading involves looking at graphic symbols and formulating mentally the sounds and ideas they represent. Concepts of reading have changed 1 over the centuries.During the 1950's and 1960's especially, increased attention has been devoted to 2 the reading process. 3 specialists agree that reading 4 a complex organization of higher mental 5 , they disagree 6 the exact nature of the process.Some experts, who regard language primarily as a code using symbols to represent sounds, 7 reading as simply the decoding of symbolssintosthe sounds they stand 8 .
These authorities 9 that meaning, being concerned with thinking, must be taught independently of the decoding process.Others maintain that reading is 10 related to thinking, and that a child who pronounces sounds without 11 their meaning is not truly reading.The reader, 12 some, is not just a person with a theoretical ability to read but one who 13 reads.
Many adults, although they have the ability to read, have never read a book in its 14 .By some expert they would not be 15 as readers.Clearly, the philosophy, objectives, methods and materials of reading will depend on the definition one use.By the most 16 and satisfactory definition, reading is the ability to 17 the sound-symbols code of the language, to interpret meaning for various 18 , at various rates, and at various levels of difficulty, and to do 19 widely and enthusiastically. 20 reading is the interpretation of ideas through the use of symbols representing sounds and ideas.
1. A.substantively B.substantially C.substitutively D.subjectively
2. A.define and describe B.definition and description
C.defining and describing
D.have defined and described
3. A.Although B.If C.Unless D.Until
4. A.involves B.involves to C.is involved D.involves of
5. A.opinions B.effects C.manners D.functions
6. A.of B.about C.for D.into
7. A.view B.look C.reassure D.agree
8. A.by B.to C.off D.for
9. A.content B.contend C.contempt D.contact
10. A.inexplicably B.inexpressibly C.inextricably D.inexpediently
11. A.interpreting B.saying C.explaining D.reading
12. A.like B.for example C.according to D.as
13. A.sometimes B.might C.practical D.actually
14. A.entire B.entirety C.entirely D.entity
15. A.classed B.granted C.classified D.graded
16. A.inclusive B.inclinable C.conclusive https://www.doczj.com/doc/273286355.html,plicated
17. A.break up B.elaborate C.define D.unlock
18. A.purposes B.degrees C.stages D.steps
19. A.such B.so as C.so D.such as
20. A.By the way B.In short C.So far D.On the other hand
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第1 页：试题正文
第2 页：答案详解
参考答案及解析：
1. B substantively“实质地”;substantially“大量地”;substitutively“可替代地”;subjectively“主观地”。本句意为经过几个世纪，阅读的概念已经改变了很多。
2. C 在这里to是介词，后接名词或动名词。因本句中the reading process前也应有动词，故选动名词。
3. A although表示“尽管”，符合句意。
4. A involve使卷入、包括;被动语态时用be involved in;没有involve to和involve of的用法。
5. D mental function智力活动。O pinion“意见; manner“行为; effect“影响”，这三项与mental 搭配不妥。
6. B disagree about/on“对……有不同意见”，在这一含义上不能用其他介词。
7. A view…as把……看作。
8. D stand for“代表; stand by“支持; stand to“遵守; stand off“冷淡”。
9. B contend“争论; content“含量、容量; contempt“轻视、蔑视; contact“接触、联系”。根据句意，此处应选contend，意为这些权威争论说。
10. A inexplicably“无法解释地; inextricably“无法摆脱的; inexpressibly“说不出地; inexpediently“不适当地、不明智地”。本句意为其他人坚持认为阅读无法解释地与思考联系在一起。
11. A interpreting“理解; explaining“解释”。本句意为一个孩子能发出声音而不理解所读的含义，不能叫做真正的阅读。
12. C 在这里according to some是说“根据一些人的观点”。
13. D actually“事实上地; practical是形容词，不能修饰动词。这里actually和前半句的theoretical是在词意上的相对，符合句意。
14. B 代词its后接名词，四项选择中只有B、D项是名词。entirety“整体; entity“实体”。in its entirety指整体地、全面地。
15. C be classified as“被划分、被分类到”;be granted“被授予”。
16. C conclusive“确定的; inclusive“包括的、包围的; incli nable“倾向于、赞成的; complicated“复杂的”。the most conclusive是最高级，指最确定性的。
17. D unlock“解开、破译; elaborate“详细说明、论述; define“解释、限定; break up“解散”。
18. A for various purposes因为各种各样的原因，与上下文相符。
19. C 此处用副词so修饰widely。
20. B 根据文意，此处要作总结，选in short“总之”。By the way顺便说，So far到目前为止，on the other hand另一方面。
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最牛英语口语培训模式：躺在家里练口语，全程外教一对一，三个月畅谈无阻！ 洛基英语，免费体验全部在线一对一课程：https://www.doczj.com/doc/273286355.html,/ielts/xd.html（报名网址） In a telephone survey of more than 2，000 adults，21% said they believed the sun revolved (旋转)around the earth. An 71 7% did not know which revolved around 72. I have no doubt that 73 all of these people were 74 in school that the earth revolves around the sun; 75 may even have written it 76 at test. But they never 77 their incorrect mental models of planetary (行星的) 78 because their every day observations didn’t support 79 their teachers told them: People see the sun moving 80 the sky as morning turns to night，and the earth seems stationary (静止的) 81 that is happening. Students can learn the right answers 82 heart in class，and yet never combined them 83 their working models of the world. The objectively correct answer the professor accepts and the 84 personal understanding of the world can 85 side by side，each unaffected by the other. Outside of class，the student continues to use the 86 model because it has always worked well 87 that circumstance. Unless professors address 88 errors in students’personal models of the world，students are not 89 to replace them with the 90 one. 71.A.excessive B. extraC. additionalD. added 72.A.what B. whichC. thatD. other 73.A.virtually B. remarkablyC. ideallyD. preferably 74.A.learned B. suggestedC. taughtD. advised 75.A.those B. theseC. whoD. they 76.A.on B. withC. underD. for 77.A.formed B. alteredC. believedD. thought 78.A.operation B. positionC. motionD. location 79.A.how B. whichC. thatD. what 80.A.around B. acrossC. onD. above 81.A.since B. soC. whileD. for 82.A.to B. byC. inD. with 83.A.with B. intoC. toD. along 84.A.adult’s B. teacher’sC. scientist’sD. student’s 85.A.exist B. occurC. surviveD. maintain 86.A.private B. individualC. personalD. own 87.A.in B. withC. onD. for 88.A.general B. naturalC. similarD. specific 89.A.obliged B. likelyC. probableD. partial 90.A.perfectB. betterC. reasonableD. correct 【答案】： 71.C72.B73.A74.C75.D76.A77.B78.C79.D80.B 81.C82.B 83.A84.D85.A86.C87.A88.D89.B90.D 【答案解析】： 71.C四个答案都有“额外”的意思，但各有偏重。A重在表达“过量、超过正常的部分”;B是“在一类事物之外的额外部分”;D是“外加的”。因此只有C答案符合本题要求：“另外有7%的人不知道是谁绕着谁转。”
大学英语四级完形填空练习20篇 1 Most people have no idea of the hard work and worry that goes into the collecting of those fascinating birds and animals that they pay to see in the zoo. One of the questions that is always asked of me is (1) I became an animal collector in the first (2). The answer is that I have always been interested in animals and zoos. According to my parents, the first word I was able to say with any (3) was not the conventional ―mamma‖ or ―daddy‖, (4) the word ―zoo‖, which I would (5) over and ov er again with a shrill (6) until someone, in groups to (7) me up, would take me to the zoo. When I (8) a little older, we lived in Greece and I had a great (9) of pets, ranging from owls to seahorses, and I spent all my spare time (10) the countryside in search of fresh specimens to (11) to my collection of pets. (12) on I went for a year to the City Zoo, as a student (13) , to get experience of the large animals, such as lions, bears, bison and ostriches, (14) were not easy to keep at home. When I left, I (15) had enough money of my own to be able to (16) my first trip and I have been going (17) ever since then. Though a collector's job is not an easy one and is full of (18), it is certainly a job which will appeal (19) all those who love animals and (20) .
大学英语四级完形填空解题技巧 通过研究历年考题发现，只要利用好以下技巧大学英语四级完形填空就能拿高分。今天学习啦小编在这里为大家分享大学英语四级完形填空解题技巧，欢迎大家阅读！ 大学英语四级完形填空解题技巧：词汇 1.利用动词词组中的介词或副词确定正确选项如果我们认识某一词组，可根据自 己的判断毫不犹豫地选择你认为是正确的选项。如果不认识或拿不准它们的意义，我 们可以根据动词后边的介词或副词进行推导。 2. 利用固定搭配或习惯用语四级词汇题目涉及对各种短语、固定词组和惯用语的 测试，其所占的比例相当大。测试范围包括动词短语、动词与其他词语构成的习语、 介词短语、形容词短语等。这类词组主要是习惯性和固定搭配用法，不能主观臆测， 也不能随意创造，只能靠死记硬背。 3. 根据邻近原则，利用词语意义的互相联系，确定选择的依据。 (1)选项为名词时，其前后的名词为选择的依据。 (2)选项为动词、动词词组(包括动名词、动词的分词形式)时，其前后的动词、名词、介词为选择依据。 (3)选项为形容词时，可以其前后出现的名词、动词、副词、介词为依据。 (4)选项为副词时，其前后出现的动词、形容词、副词为判断依据。 大学英语四级完形填空解题技巧：语法 熟悉历年考题中常出现的语法考点。分析前后分句间的逻辑等同关系，进行逻辑 推理，从而确定正确选项在完型填空中，句子间的逻辑关系主要包括：表示并列关系 的连接词有and，while等。表示转折关系的连接词有but，however，though，whereas，nevertheless，although，yet，on the contrary，otherwise，on the other hand，after all，for all，still，notwithstanding等。表示顺序关系的连接词有before，after，and，to begin with，first，firstly，second，secondly，next，finally，and so on等。表示解释关系的连接词有that is to say，in other words，to put it another way等。表示因果关系的连接词有so，therefore，thus，because，accordingly，as a result，consequently，hence，for this reason，for，since， as等。表示让步关系的连接词有though，although，despite，in spite of，after all，even though，even if,
2020年公共英语四级模拟试题：完形填空2020年公共英语四级模拟试题：完形填空 EXERCISE 1 Information Technology 1982 was the year of information technology in Great Britain. But what exactly is infotech? 85% of the people __1___ recently had not a clue what it means, __2___53% of those polled said they thought it sounded pretty important.They were __3___.It is.So what is it? Well, put simply,it is the "marry-up"of products__4___several key industries：computers, telephone, televisions, satellites. It means __5___ microelectronics, telecommunication networks fibre optics__6___produce,store,obtain and send information by way of words,numbers,pictures and sound__7___and efficiency than ever before. The __8__ infotech is having and is going to have on our lives and work is tremendous.It is already linking the skills of the space industry with __9___ of cable television,so programmes can be beamed directly into our homes ___10__ all over the world. Armies of "steel collar"workers,the robots,will soon be working in factories doing the boring,complex and __11___jobs which are at present still done by man. In some areas __12___the car industry this has already started. television will also be used to enable customers __13___from the comfort of their homes by simply ordering___14__ the TV screen, payment being made by direct debit of their credit cards.The automatic booking of tickets
2016年6月大学英语四级真题第一套 Part I Writing （30 minutes） Directions：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to express your thanks to your parents or any family members upon making memorable achievement. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words。 Part ⅡListening Comprehension （25 minutes） Section A Directions：In this section，you will hear three news reports。At the end of each news report，you will hear two or three questions。Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once。After you hear a question，you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A），B），C）and D）。Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre。 Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard。 1。A）The International Labor Organization’s key objective。 B）The basic social protection for the most vulnerable。 C）Rising unemployment worldwide。 D）Global economic recovery。 2。A）Many countries have not taken measures to create enough jobs。 B）Few countries know how to address the current economic crisis。
2013英语专业四级真题语法、完型填空题及解析 【完形填空原文】 Everyone knows that taxation is necessary in a modern state: Without it, it would not be possible to pay the soldiers and policemen who protect us；nor the workers in government offices who look after our health, our food, our water, and all the other things that we cannot do for ourselves；nor the ministers and members of parliament(国会) who govern the country for us. By means of taxation, we pay for things that we need just as much as we need somewhere to live and something to eat. But everyone knows that taxation is necessary, different people have different ideas about how taxation should be arranged. Should each person have to pay a certain amount of money to the government each year? Or should there be tax on things that people buy and sell? If the first kind of taxation is used, should everyone pay the same tax, whether he is rich or poor? If the second kind of tax is preferred, should everything be taxed equally? In most countries, a direct tax on persons, which is called income tax, exists. It is arranged in such a way that the poorest people pay nothing, and the percentage of tax grows greater as the taxpayer’s income grows. In England, for example, the tax on the richest people goes up as high as ninety-five percent! But countries with direct taxation nearly always have indirect taxation too. Many things imported into the country have to pay taxes or “duties”. Of course, it is the men and women who buy these imported things in the shops who really have to pay the duties, in the form of higher prices. In some countries, too, there is a tax on things sold in the shops. If the most necessary things are taxed, a lot of money is collected, but the poor people suffer most. If unnecessary things like jewels and fur coats are taxed, less money is got but the tax is fairer, as the rich pay it. Probably this last kind of indirect tax, together with a direct tax on incomes which is low for the poor and high for the rich, is the best arrangement. 【语法题真题及解析】 51. Facing the board of directors,he didn't deny __________ breaking the agreement. A. him B. it C. his D. its 解析：本题考查动名词的逻辑主语。动名词可以有自己的逻辑（意义）主语，一般可以用名词所有格Tom‘s，代词宾格如him（口语），书面语情况下一般用物主代词his，their。本题选C，但我还是要吐槽，因为根本就不需要多此一举添加his, he didn't
2018年6月大学英语四级真题试卷一及答案(完整版) Part I Writing (30 minutes) (请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试) Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an a short easy on the importance of speaking ability and how to develop should write at least120 words but no more than 180 words. Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes) Section A Directions:In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and questions will be spoken only once. After you hear questions, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。 Questions 1 to 2 are based on the new report you have just heard. 1. A) The return of a bottled message to its owner's daughter.
历年大学英语四级完形 填空真题及其-答案-CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN
历年大学英语四级完形填空真题及其答案 2006年6月大学英语四级完形填空真题及其答案 第四部分、完形填空Part IV Cloze (15 minutes) The part of the environmental movement that draws my firm's attention is the design of cities. buildings and products. When we designed America's first so-called green office building in New York two decades 71, we felt very alone. But today, thousands of people come to green building conferences, and the 72 that buildings can be good for people and the environment will be increasingly influential in years to 73 . Back in 1984 we discovered that most manufactured products for decoration weren't designed for 74 use. The energy-efficient sealed commercial buildings constructed after the 1970s energy crisis 75 indoor air quality problems caused by materials such as paint, wall covering and carpet. So far 20 years. we've been focusing on these materials 76 to the molecules, looking for ways to make them 77 for people and the planet. Home builders can now use materials-such as paints that release significantly _78_ amounts of organic compounds -that don't 79 the quality of the air, water, or soil. Ultimately. 80_, our basic design strategy is focused not simply on being less bad but on creating 81 healthful materials that can be either safely returned to the soil _82_ reused by industry again and again. As a matter of _83, the world's largest carpet manufacturer has already _ 84__ a carpet that is fully and safely recyclable (可循环用的). Look at it this way: No one __85 out to create a building that destroys the planet. But our current industrial systems are } 86 causing these conditions, whether we like it or not. So 87_ of simply trying to reduce the damage, we are _88_ a positive approach. We're giving people high-quality, healthful products and an opportunity to make choices that have a 89 effect on the world. It's not just the building industry, either. 90_ cities are taking these environmentally positive approaches to design, planning and building. Portland, Seattle and Boston have said they want to be green cities. Chicago wants to be the greenest city in the world. 71. A) ago C) before B) off D) away 72. A) practice C) idea B) outlook D) scheme 73. A) go C) arrive B) come D) continue 74. A) indoor C) relevant B) inward D) flexible 75. A) displayed C) exhibited B) discovered D) revealed 76. A) back C) next B) down D) near 77. A) comfortable C) safe B) cautious D) stable 78. A) reduced C) descended B) revised D) delayed 79. A) deny C) dissolve B) depress D) destroy 80. A) besides C) anyhow B) however D) anyway 81. A)partially C) completely B) exactly D) superficially
大学英语四级完形填空 第一篇 Most people have no idea of the hard work and worry that goes into the collecting of those fascinating birds and animals that they pay to see in the zoo. One of the questions that is always asked of me is (1) I became an animal collector in the first (2). The answer is that I have always been interested in animals and zoos. According to my parents, the first word I was able to say with any (3) was not the conventional “mamma” or “daddy”, (4) the word “zoo”, which I would (5) over and over ag ain with a shrill (6) until someone, in groups to (7) me up, would take me to the zoo. When I (8) a little older, we lived in Greece and I had a great (9) of pets, ranging from owls to seahorses, and I spent all my spare time (10) the countryside in search of fresh specimens to (11) to my collection of pets. (12) on I went for a year to the City Zoo, as a student (13) , to get experience of the large animals, such as lions, bears, bison and ostriches, (14) were not easy to keep at home. When I left, I (15) had enough money of my own to be able to (16) my first trip and I have been going (17) ever since then. Though a collector's job is not an easy one and is full of (18), it is certainly a job which will appeal (19) all those who love animals and (20) . 1.A.how B. where C. when D. whether 2.A.region B. field C. place D. case 3.A.clarity B. emotion C. sentiment D. affection 4.A.except B. but C. except for D. but for 5.A.recite B. recognize C. read D. repeat 6.A.volume B. noise C. voice D. pitch 7.A.close B. shut C. stop D. comfort 8.A.grew B. was growing C. grow D. grown 9.A.many B. amount C. number D. supply 10.A.living B. cultivating C. reclaiming D. exploring 11.A.increase B. include C. add D. enrich https://www.doczj.com/doc/273286355.html,ter B. further C. then D. subsequently 13.A.attendant B. keeper C. member D. aide 14.A.who B. they C. of which D. which 15.A.luckily B. gladly C. nearly D. successfully 16.A.pay B. provide C. allow D. finance 17.A.normally B. regularly C. usually D. often 18.A.expectations B. sorrows C. excitement D. disappointments 19.A.for B. with C. to D. from 20.A.excursion B. travel C. journey D. Trip 第一篇解析： 1.【答案】A 根据下一句及随后的内容，作者讲的是怎样成为动物爱好者的(从小就喜欢动物)，应当选择A.how。 2.【答案】C in the first place是固定短语,意思是“首先”。此句意思是：别人经常问到的问题之一，是当初我是如何爱上动物的。 3.【答案】A 这句话的意思是：作者在呀呀学语之时,最早发清楚的音是“zoo”(动物园),而不是“妈妈”,“爸爸”,因此,应选clarity“清晰”。填入其他选项emotion (感情),sentiment(多愁善感),affection(友爱)不合逻辑。 4.【答案】B but在此处连接另一个句子(it was the word“zoo”,“it was”被省略)，表示转折，意为“而是”，Except, except for, but for的用法接近，表示“除了……”。 5.【答案】D 根据后面的over and over again,应选“repeat”
2017年6月大学英语四级真题及答案 (第一套) Part I Writing (25 minutes) (请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试) Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an advertisement on your campus website to sell a computer you used at college. Your advertisement may include its brand, specifications/features, condition and price, and your contact information.You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section A Directions:In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and questions will be spoken only once. After you hear questions, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。 Questions 1 to 2 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 1.A) The man in the car was absent-minded. B) The test driver made a wrong judgement. C) The self-driving system was faulty. D) The car was moving at a fast speed. 2. A) They have done better than conventional cars. B) They have caused several severe crashes. C) They have posed a threat to other drivers. D) They have generally done quite well. Questions 3 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 3. A) He works at a national park.
大学英语四级完型练 习
The US Department of Education is making efforts to ensure that all students have equal access to a quality education. 美国教育部一直在努力确保所有学生都享有接受素质教育的平等机会。 Today it is announcing the launch of the Excellent Educators for All Initiative. 今天，他们宣布实施为所有学生提供优秀教育工作者的方案。 The initiative will help states and school districts support great educators for the students who need them most. 这一方案将帮助各州和各学区给那些有最迫切需要的学生提供优秀的教育工作者。 “All children are entitled to a high-quality education regardless of their race, zip code or family income. “所有的孩子，不分种族、居住地及家庭贫富，都有接受优质教育的权利。 It is critically important that we provide teachers and principals the support they need to help students reach their full potential,” US Secretary of Education Arne Duncan said. (reach one’s full potential发挥某人全部潜能) 为了帮助学生发挥全部的潜能，为老师和校长提供他们所需要的支持是至关重要的，”美国教育部长阿恩?邓肯说道。
洛基英语，中国在线英语教育领导品牌 Most people have no idea of the hard work and worry that the collecting of those fascinating birds and animals those they pay to see in the zoo. One of the questions that is always asked of me is __1__ I became an animal collector in the first __2__ .The answer is that I have always been interested in animals and zoos. According to my parents, the first word I was able to say with any __3__ was not the conventional “mamma”or“daddy”，__4__ the word “zoo”，which I would __5__ over and over again with a shrill __6__ until someone, in groups to __7__ me up, would take me to the zoo. When I __8__ a little older, we lived in Greece and I had a great __9__ of pets, ranging from owls to seahorses, and I spent all my spare time __10__ the countryside in search of fresh specimens to __11__ to my collection of pets.__12__ on I went for a year to the City Zoo, as a student __13__ , to get experience of the large animals, such as lions, bears, bison and ostriches,__14__ were not easy to keep at home. When I left, I __15__ had enough money of my own to be able to __16__ my first trip and I have been going __17__ ever since then. Though a collector's job is not an easy one and is full of __18__, it is certainly a job which will appeal __19__ all those who love animals and __20__. 1. A. how B. where C. when D. whether 2.A. region B. field C. place D. case 3.A. clarity B. emotion C. sentiment D. affection 4.A. except B. but C. except for D. but for 5.A. recite B. recognize C. read D. repeat 6.A. volume B. noise C. voice D. pitch 7.A. close B. shut C. stop D. comfort 8.A. grew B. was growing C. grow D. grown 9.A. many B. amount C. number D. supply 10.A. living B. cultivating C. reclaiming D. exploring 11.A. increase B. include C. add D. enrich 12.A. later B. further C. then D.