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【KS5U原创】《阅读理解特训：3真2模含解析》2014届高三英语二轮突破55
阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡将该项涂黑。
A
Mark and his brother Jason both were looking at the shining new computer enviously. Jason was determined not to go against their father’s wishes bu t Mark was more adventurous than his brother. He loves experimenting and his aim was to become a scientist like his father.
“Dad will be really mad if he finds out you’ve been playing with his new computer” Jason said, “He told us not to touch it.”
“He won’t find out,” Mark said, “I’ll just have a quick look and shut it down.”
Mark had been scolded before for touching his father’s equipment. But his curiosity was difficult to control and this new computer really puzzled him.
It was a strange-looking machine —one his dad had brought home from the laboratory where he worked. “It’s an experimental model,” his father had explained, so don’t touch it under any circumstances.” But his father’s warning only served to make Mark more curious. Without any further thought, Mark turned on the power switch. The computer burst into life and seconds later, the screen turned into colours, shifting and changing, and then two big white words appeared in the centre of the screen: “SPACE TRANSPORTER.”
“Yes!” Mark cried excitedly, “It’s a computer game. I knew it! Dad’s only been pretending to work. He’s really been playing games instead!” A new message appeared on the screen:
“ENTER NAMES
VOY AGE１
VOY AGE２
Mark’s finger flew across the keyboard as he typed in both of their name s.
“INPUT ACCEPTED.
START TRANSPORT PROGRAM.
AUTO-RETRIEVE INITIATED(自动回收程序已启动).”
The screen turn even brighter and a noise suddenly rose in volume.
“I think we’d better shut it off, Mark,” Jason yelled out in terror, reaching for the power switc h. A beam(光束) of dazzling white light burst out of the computer screen, wrapping the boys in its glow(光芒)，until they themselves
seemed to be glowing. Then it died down just as suddenly as it had burst into life. And the boys were no longer there. On the screen, the letters changed：
“TRANSPORT SUCCESSFUL．
DESTINA TION: MARS.
RETRIEVE DATE: 2025
26. Why did Mark touch the computer against his father’s warning?
A. He wanted to take a voyage.
B. He wanted to practice his skills.
C. He was so much attracted by it.
D. He was eager to do an experiment.
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。由“But his curiosity was difficult to control and this new computer really puzzled him.”这一句“Mark的好奇心难以控制而且这部新电脑真的使他很困惑。”可知Mark被它深深吸引了。故选C。
27. Where did the boy’s father most likely work?
A. In an electronic factory.
B. In a computer company.
C.In a scientific research center.
D. In an information processing center.
【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题。从第一段说Mark的目标是成为像他爸爸一样的科学家，以及第五段说电脑是从爸爸的实验室带回来的，可知爸爸是做科研工作的。后来电脑又把他们带到了火星可以推测他在科学研究中心工作。故选C。
28. Mark thought “SPACE TRANSPORTER” on the screen was the name of ________.
A. a computer game
B. a company website
C.a software producer
D. an astronomy program
【答案】Aks5u
【解析】细节理解题。由第六段“Yes!” Mark cried excitedly, “It’s a computer game. ”可知Mark以为这是电脑游戏的名字。故选A.
29. Why did Jason want to shut off the computer?
A. He was afraid of being scolded.
B. He didn’t like the loud noise and light.
C.He didn’t want to play games.
D. He was afraid something dangerous might happen
【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。由“Jason yelled out in terror,”可知他很恐惧，是害怕危险会发生。故选D。
30. What happened to the boys at the end of the story?
A. They were blown into the air.
B. They were sent to another planet.
C.They were hidden in the strong light.
D. They were carried away to another country.
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。结尾说孩子们不在那里了，屏幕显示：输送成功。且有“DESTINA TION: MARS”得知他们被送往了火星。所以故事的结尾是男孩们被送去了另一个星球。故选B。
B
Every year many students went to the college bookstore to purchase the different textbooks that they need for their classes. Little do these students realize that, in doing so, they are throwing good money away. It may sound unbelievable but textbooks, in some cases, actually cost as much as, if not more than, college fees.
Many people think that college bookstores are the most convenient source for textbooks. Titles are usually kept and students may purchase new textbooks or choose to buy second-hand books and save money. But the money saved by purchasing second-hand textbooks from college bookstores is small compared to the amount they could save by shopping online.
More and more online booksellers have begun selling textbooks at heavily discounted prices. Online second-hand bookstores are another source for college books as they keep a large number of textbooks, which means sizable savings for students. Students should avoid purchasing their textbooks at the first store that they surf online since there are so many ‘unreal’ booksellers on the Net. Price isn't the only factor to consider when making an online purchase. Students should also consider shopping costs and delivery time when making their decision.
Online auctions(拍卖) are another option for students seeking a bargain. This option, however, has its pros and cons. A plus is that students can get incredibly cheap books. One problem is that while online bookstores have a system in place that ensure you receive your order within a reasonable amount of time, with an auction purchase, however, you must depend on the auction seller's timetable.
One way that students can really save is by getting books for free. Project Gutenberg is one resource that English majors will find invaluable. Here students can legally download a huge collection of classic novels. In the past students needing help with their studies would often have to spend a lot of money buying expensive study guides. Today that is no longer the case. Cash-strapped students can now visit the website SparkNotes for free downloadable study guides as well as classics.
31. Which of the following is the best title of this passage?
A. Learning to Save on Textbooks
B. Why Buy Textbooks
C.Online Shopping
D. Tips for Buying Secondhand Textbooks
【答案】A
【解析】标题归纳题。本文主要讲在线购书比去学校书店买更节省，最后一段还介绍了一种能免费获得教科书的节省的方法。所以本文主要讲在教科书方面怎样省钱。故选A.
32. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a source to obtain textbooks ?
A. College bookstores.
B. Online used bookstores.
C.Online auctions.
D. Second-hand bookstore centres.
【答案】Dks5u
【解析】细节理解题。第一段讲到A.College bookstores。第三段“Online second-hand bookstores are another source for college books …...”提到了B（在线二手书）。第四段讲C.在线拍卖。但始终没提到D。
33. The underlined expression “pros and cons” (paragraph 4) is closest in meaning to __________.
A. professionals and conservatives
B. joy and sadness
C.advantages and disadvantages
D. processes and conditions
【答案】C
【解析】词义猜测题。“pros and cons” 指“正反两方面”，即“优点和缺点”。与C意思相同。
34. According to the passage, Project Gutenberg is probably __________.
A. a government project aimed at helping English majors
B. a project to help poor students get free learning materials
C. a website for English majors to get the guides from language experts
D.a website for students to get free sources for English learning
【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。文章最后一段“Project Gutenberg is one resource that English majors will find invaluable. Here students can legally download a huge collection of classic novels.”说明“Project Gutenberg”是英语专业学生认为非常贵重的资源，学生可以在这儿合法地下载大量经典小说收藏。因此它是一个学生可以为英语学习获取免费资源的网站。故选D。
35. From the passage, we can learn that__________.
A. the cost of textbooks in college is low compared to the amount spent on tuition
B. online auctions are perfect for students seeking text books
C. students should visit many websites before buying their books
D.students should consider shopping costs and delivery time above all else when making their buying decision
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。文章第一段“It may sound unbelievable but textbooks, in some cases, actually cost as much as, if not more than, college fees.”说明听起来可能难以置信，但在某些情况下，教科书的费用即使不比大学学费多，也是持平的。故A不对。文章第四段“Online auctions(拍卖) are another option for students seeking a bargain. This option, however, has its pros and cons.”说明在线拍卖也是有利有弊的，而不是完美的。故B错误。第三段“Price isn't the only factor to consider when making an online purchase. Students should also consider shopping costs and delivery time when making their decision.”说价格不是网购唯一考虑的因素，学生在做决定之前也要考虑购物成本和交货时间。能看出学生在作出购买决定之前应该首要考虑购物成本和交货时间，但不是首要考虑的。故D错误。第三段“Students should avoid purchasing their textbooks at the first st ore that they surf online since there are so many
‘unreal’ booksellers on the Net. ”说明学生应该避免在他们搜索到的第一个店购买教科书，因为网上有太多不真实的书商。所以在买书之前应该看许多网站，故C正确。
C ks5u
LEEDS, England—A Leeds University psychology professor is teaching a course to help dozens of Britons forgive their enemies.
"The hate we hold within us is a cancer, " Professor Ken Hart said, adding that holding in anger can lead to problems such as high blood pressure and heart disease.
More than 70 people have become members in Hart's first 20-week workshop in London—a course he says is the first of its kind in the world.
These are people who are sick and tired of living with a memory. They realize their bitterness is a poison they think they can pour out, but they end up drinking it themselves, said Canadian- born Hart.
The students meet in groups of eight to ten for a two-hour workshop with an adviser every fortnight.
The course, ending in July, is expected to get rid of the cancer of hate in these people. "People have lots of negative attitudes towards forgiveness," he said, "People confuse forgiveness with forgetting. Forgiveness means changing from a negative attitude to a positive one."
Hart and his team have created instructions to provide the training needed.
"The main idea is to give you guidelines on how to look at various kinds of angers and how they affect you, and how to change your attitudes towards the person you are angry with," said Norman Claringbull, a senior expert on the forgiveness project.
Hart said he believes forgiveness is a skill that can be taught, as these people "want to get free of the past".
36. From this passage we know that________.
A. high blood pressure and heart disease are caused by hate
B. high blood pressure can only be cured by psychology professors
C. without hate, people will have less trouble connected with blood and heart
D. people who suffer from blood pressure and heart disease must have many enemies
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。文章第二段“......holding in anger can lead to problems such as high blood pressure an d heart disease.”说明心怀愤怒可能导致如高血压和心脏病之类的问题。所以没有仇恨，人们将有更少和血液心脏有关的麻烦。故选C。
37. If you are angry with somebody, you should________.
A. attend Hart’s course
B. never meet him or her any longer
C. persuade him or her to have a positive talk with you
D.treat him or her positively instead of negatively
【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。通过文章第6段可知，如果你生某人的气，你应该以一种积极的态度去对待他（她），而不是消极的。
38. In Hart's first 20- week workshop, people there can ________.
A. meet their enemies
B. change their attitudes
C.enjoy the professor's teaching
D. learn how to quarrel with others
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。通观全文，我们可以看出人们在Hart的工作室能够学会原谅，改变他们对仇恨的态度。故选B。
39. If you are a member in Hart's workshop, you'll________.
A. meet in eight or ten groups
B. get rid of the illness of cancer
C.attend a gathering twice a month
D. pour out everything stored in your mind
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。第五段“The students meet in groups of eight to ten for a two-hour workshop with an adviser every fortnight.”说明成员们每两周聚集一次，也就是一个月两次。
40. The author wrote this passage in order to________.
A. persuade Britons to go to Hart's workshop
B. tell us the news about Hart's workshop
C. tell us how to run a workshop like Hart's
D.help us to look at various kinds of angers
【答案】B
【解析】推理判断题。第三段“More than 70 people have become members in Hart's first 20-week w orkshop……”和第七段“Hart and his team have created instructions to provide the training needed.”都说明作者写这篇文章是为了告诉我们关于Hart的工作室的消息。ks5u
D
The flag, the most common symbol of a nation in the modern world, is also one of the most ancient. With a clear symbolic meaning, the flag in the traditional form is still used today to mark buildings, ships and other vehicles related to a country.
The national flag as we know it today is in no way a primitive artifact. It is, rather, the product of thousands of years’ development. Historians believe that it had two major ancestors, of which the earlier served to show wind direction.
Early human beings used very fragile houses and boats. Often strong winds would tear roofs from houses or cause high waves that endangered travelers. People’s food supplies were similarly vulnerable. Even after they had learned how to plant grains, they still needed help from nature to ensure good harvests. Therefore they feared and depended on the power of the wind, which could bring warmth from one direction and cold from another.
Using a simple piece of cloth tied to the top of a post to tell the direction of the wind was more dependable than earlier methods, such as watching the rising of smoke from a fire. The connection of the flag with heavenly power was therefore reasonable. Early human societies began to fix long pieces of cloth to the tops of totems (图腾) before carrying them into battle. They believed that the power of the wind would be added to the good wishes of the gods and ancestors represented by the totems themselves.
These flags developed very slowly into modern flags. The first known flag of a nation or a ruler was unmarked. The king of China around 1000 B.C. was known to have a white flag carried ahead of him. This practice might have been learned from Egyptians even further in the past, but it was from China that it spread over trade routes through India, then across Arab lands, and finally to Europe, where it met up with the other ancestor of the national flag.
41. The best title for th e passage would be “________”.
A. Development of the National Flag
B. Power of the National Flag
C. Types of Flags
D. Uses of Flags
【答案】A
【解析】标题归纳题。“It is, rather, the product of thousands of years’ development.”说明国旗是几千年发展的产物。而且整片文章从旗帜最初用于表示风向，一直讲到它演变为现代的旗帜。所以本文说的是国旗的发展。故选A。
42. The underlined word “vulnerable” in Paragraph 3 means ________.
A. impossible to make sure of
B. likely to be protected
C. easy to be damaged
D. difficult to find
【答案】C
【解析】词义猜测题。本段第一句“Early human beings used very fragile houses and boats.”说早期人类使用非常易坏的的房屋和船只。而本句“People’s food supplies were similarly vulnerable.” 中“similarly”意为“同样地”，所以"vulnerable”也表示“易损坏”。故选C。
43. The earliest flags were connected with heavenly power because ________.
A. they could tell direction
B. they could bring good luck to ancient fighters
C. they were handed down by the ancestors
D. they were believed to stand for natural forces
【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。本段第一句“Using a simple piece of cloth tied to the top of a post to tell the direction of the wind was more dependable than earlier methods,……”“用一块布系到标杆顶部来判断风向比早期的办法更可靠。”因此，最早的旗帜与天的力量有关。故选D。
44. What does the author know of the first national flag?
A. He knows when it was sent to Europe.
B. He believes it was made in Egypt.
C. He thinks it came from China.
D. He doubts where it started.
【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。最后一段“The first known flag of a nation or a ruler was unmarked.。”说明第一个国家的旗帜未被标明，所以作者不知道第一面国旗是从哪儿诞生的。
45. What will the author most probably talk about next?
A. The role of China in the spread of the national flag.
B. The second ancestor of the national flag.
C. The use of modern flags in Europe.
D. The importance of modern flags.
【答案】B
【解析】推理判断题。结尾处“This practice might have been learned from Egyptians even further in the past, but it was from China that it spread over trade routes through India, then across Arab lands, and finally to Europe, where it met up with the other ancestor of the national flag.”说明中国国王树立旗帜的做法遍及到了贸易行路，通过印度，穿过阿拉伯大陆，最终到达欧洲。在那与另一个国旗的原型结合。所以，接下来最可能讨论的是过国旗的第二个始祖。故选B。
高三化学二轮专题复习学案(全套) 【考纲展示】 1、了解分子、原子、离子等概念的定义。了解原子团的定义。 2、理解物理变化和化学变化的区别和联系。 3、了解化学的主要特点是在原子、分子水平上认识物质。了解化学可以识别、改变和创造分子。 4、了解物质的组成、结构和性质的关系。 5、理解混合物与纯净物、单质与化合物、金属与非金属的概念。 6、理解酸、碱、盐、氧化物的概念及其相互联系。 7、了解电解质的概念。了解强电解质和弱电解质的概念。 8、了解浊液、溶液和胶体都是常见的分散系。（1）溶液的含义，了解溶解度、饱和溶液的概念。（2）了解溶液的组成。理解溶液中溶质的质量分数的概念，并能进行相关计算。（3）了解胶体的性质（如丁达尔效应、聚沉及电泳等），并能利用胶体的性质解释一些与胶体有关的简单计算。（不要求识记胶体粒子的带电情况）。 【知识回扣】 知识网络要点扫描 一、电解质和非电解质概念理解的易错点
1、电解质和非电解质都是化合物，单质既不是电解质也不是非电解质。 2、有些电解质只能在水溶液里导电，如共价型电解质HCl、H2SO4等，因为液态HCl、H2SO4不导电；离子型电解质，如NaHCO 3、CaCO 3、BaCO3等，因为这些物质不存在熔融态。 3、判断一种化合物是电解质还是非电解质，要看起导电作用的离子是否是由该物质自身电离出来的。如SO 2、NH3的水溶液能导电，但导电离子分别是H+、HSO3，不是由SO 2、NH3本身电离出来，所以SO 2、NH3均为非电解质。 4、电解质的导电性与电解质是强电解质还是弱电解质无关。溶液导电性的强弱取决与溶液中自由移动离子浓度的大小。 5、原子是化学变化中最小的微粒，化学反应不涉及原子核，化学变化的实质是原子的重新组合，核聚变、核裂变都不属于化学变化。同素异形体的转化属于化学变化，但不属于氧化还原反应。 二、胶体及其性质的知识点 1、胶体的本质特征：分散质微粒直径的大小在1~100nm之间，而不是丁达尔效应。
专题03化学与中华民族优秀传统文化 ——立德树人形成核心价值观 教育部考试中心提出高考所有学科必须渗透“一点四面”的考查，即以立德树人为核心（一点），强化社会主义核心价值观、中华优秀传统文化、依法治国和创新精神（四面）的考查。中考、高考升学考试都应增加中华优秀传统文化内容的比重。通过加强对中国优秀传统文化的考查，引导学生提高人文素养，传承民族精神，树立民族自信心和自豪感。 高考化学试题中对于中华优秀传统文化的考查，不是简简单单地考查死记硬背的知识，而是遵循继承、弘扬、创新的发展路径，注重传统文化在现实中的创造性和创新性发展。试题起点和立意较高，题干内容多数以古代化学史、古文献中的优秀传统文化为背景，考查学生的文学功底和文本解读能力。但落点适中，侧重考查教材中的基本知识、基本方法和基本应用。 1．【2019新课标Ⅱ】“春蚕到死丝方尽，蜡炬成灰泪始干”是唐代诗人李商隐的著名诗句，下列关于该诗句中所涉及物质的说法错误的是 A．蚕丝的主要成分是蛋白质 B．蚕丝属于天然高分子材料 C．“蜡炬成灰”过程中发生了氧化反应 D．古代的蜡是高级脂肪酸酯，属于高分子聚合物 【答案】D 【解析】A．蚕丝的主要成分是蛋白质，A项正确；B．蚕丝的主要成分是蛋白质，蛋白质是天然高分子化合物，B项正确；C．“蜡炬成灰”指的是蜡烛在空气中与氧气反应，属于氧化反应，C项正确；D．高级脂 肪酸酯不属于高分子聚合物，D项错误；答案选D。 【素养解读】“春蚕到死丝方尽，蜡炬成灰泪始干”十分熟悉的诗句，我们要从中挖掘出解题关键“春蚕”和“蜡炬”，进而进一步分析物质性质和发生的反应。这些古诗句写者无意，我们学者要有心，根据诗句中现象分析其蕴含的化学知识。
2011-2012学年度第一学期高三年级 英语试题 第一部分英语知识运用(共四节,满分55分) 第一节语音知识(共5小题,每小题1分,满分5分) 从每小题的A、B、C、D四个选项中,找出所给单词的正确读音,并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。、 1. loose A. present B. usual C. usage D. rose 2. south A. courage B. soup C. southern D. trousers 3. official A. concert B. ocean C. coast D. century 4. steam A. hear B. nearly C. mean D. heart 5．judge A．museum B. husband C．true D. huge 第二节情景对话(共5小题,每小题1分,满分5分) 根据对话情景和内容,从对话后所给的选项中选出能填入每一空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑.选项中有两个为多余选项。 A: Any good news? B: Not really. 6 So I was left behind after school yesterday. A: 7 B: Sometimes I do. The day before yesterday, I was quiet in my history class but I still had to stay after school. A: 8 B: Because I fell asleep. But it wasn’t m y fault. 9 A: I advise you to take school more seriously. If you don’t pass your exam, you will have to drop out and work as a result; B: 10 If I have a job, I have to do dull work every day. But now I am in school, I must listen to dull teachers every day. A: Something must be wrong with you. Go to the psychologist first. A: You are lazy. B: I don’t understand. C: You made your teacher angry. D: Better keep quiet in class. E: The lesson is dull. F: I don’t think it makes much difference. G: I was talking without being asked in class. 第三节语法和词汇知识(共15小题,每小题1分,满分15分) 从每小题的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。 11.The CEO needs an assistant with ____ little knowledge of German and ___ experience in administrative management. A. the, an B.the, / C. a, an D. a, / 12. Many houses were destroyed in the heavy rain. They should get them _____. A. to repair B. repaired C. repairing D. repair 13. Allow children to voice their opinions, ____ they are different from your own.
江苏省盐城中学2014届高三英语周练八 第一部分：听力 第一节（共 5 小题：每小题 1分，满分 5分） 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where does this conversation probably take place? A. In a hospital. B. In a friend’s hous e. C. In the man’s house. 2. What is the woman going to buy? A. A book on planes. B. Pictures of ships. C.A book on ships. 3. What kind of music does the man like? A. Folk music. B. Pop music. C. Classical music. 4. Why doesn’t t he woman buy the coat? A. It is expensive. B. There isn’t her size. C. She doesn’t like the color. 5. What is the man doing? A. Finishing his homework. B. Doing physical exercise. C. Smoking on the upper floor. 第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至8题。 6. What’s the matter with Hudson’s mother? A. She was ill, but she felt much better. B. She was seriously ill. C. She went to see him. 7. What kind of person is Mr. Hudson according to the dialogue? A. A very good worker. B. A person who often gets angry. C. A person who cares nothing. 8. Which may be the reason why Mr. Hudson is so sad? A. His mother’s illness. B. Maybe his son has brought him some trouble. C. His manager wants to fire him. 听第7段材料，回答第9至11题。 9. What are the two speakers generally talking about? A. People served in shops. B. Goods in various qualities. C. Shopping in different places. 10.What is the man? A. A salesman in a small shop. B. A manager of a supermarket. C. A staff of a department store. 11. What might the woman think of supermarket staff? A. They’re unfriendly. B. They’re very nice. C. They’re well paid. 听第8段材料,回答第12至14题。 12. Why is it difficult for t he woman to lose weight? A. She enjoys delicious dishes too much. B. She works too long. C. She has no time for exercise. 13. Who is Michael? A. John’s manager. B. Julia’s husband. C. Kate’s friend. 14. What does the man suggest the woman do? A. Change her job.
减肥为什么会有瓶颈期怎么突破 减肥为什么会有瓶颈期？今天给大家分享几个突破减肥平台期的方法，一起来看下吧。 经历了令人惊喜的快速掉肉期，体重减轻的速度开始越来越慢甚至停滞？说明你已经进入了减肥瓶颈期，这段时间你可能努力运动并节食但仍然在体重上没有体现。学会下面3招，让你突破令人沮丧的瓶颈期，加速瘦身向目标体重快速前进！ 造成减肥瓶颈期的原因 1、过量摄取人造甜味剂 在瘦身减重的过程中，除了减少食物热量外，对饮料的热量摄取也要进行控制。但是，选择低糖饮料就万事大吉吗？营养专家认为，在家囤积低糖饮料并无必要，太多反而还会导致反效果。 研究发现，喝低糖饮料的人，更容易导致增重，而且还有可能形成并出现代谢综合征;;而这会导致腹部过多脂肪的累积、胆固醇偏高、高血压等症状。味觉会发送信号“报告”某种特定的食物含多少热量，然后帮助身体判断应该利用多少。而不含热量却满载人造甜味剂的饮料，则会使身体很难决定自己究竟该吃多少才会获取适当的热量。 如何避免;;水永远都是理想之选，但也完全没有必要立即戒除低
糖饮料。只需限制自己每天喝一瓶即可，同时注意不要用其他高热量饮料来作补偿，如果汁或运动饮料等。 2、不对饮食计划实行标准化 当减重时，身体保持日常活动所需的热量就会相应减少，即：体重越轻，所需的热量就越少。所以，如果不注意在减重后对饮食摄取进行有效的规划，不仅减重成果会遭到破坏，即便本身体重较轻，也会因身体无法利用所有的热量，而使体内不断累积多余的热量，造成体重的增加。 如何避免;;每减掉10斤体重，就可以去一些热量控制的网站，将自己的新体重输入进相关程序，然后找出维持目前体重以及如果想要继续减重所需的热量摄取。另外，也要适时对自己的日常饮食结构进行调整，如纤维含量低的食物或含大量糖分的零食，用高纤的水果、蔬菜或全谷物食物替代，它们会帮助我们以更少的热量维持更长时间的饱腹感。 3、对运动的期望值过高 或许很多人都做过这样的事：吃这块巧克力没什么，我只要步行上半小时就可以消耗掉了。别忘了，比燃烧掉300卡热量的运动更简单的是不吃那块巧克力！她认为人们常常会高估在运动过程中所消耗的热量值。比如：对一个体重为150斤的女性来说，每天走1小时，可消耗约200卡热量，而这只相当于半块巧克力所含的热量。所以，花费1小时汗流浃背地运动，只因为轻而易举地吃了半块巧克
2018年高考化学第二轮复习计划 1.专题复习，构建知识网络 二轮复习的主要任务就是搞好专题复习，构建知识网络。化学知识具有“繁、杂、散”的特点，考生对此存在“易懂、难记、用不好”等问题，因此在复习中应特别注意知识的系统性和规律性，注重掌握知识间的内在联系和存在的规律，形成知识网络。如在复习元素化合物知识时，可以通过抓点、连线、建网，加强复习的系统性。 抓点是从具体代表物入手，掌握其结构、性质、制法和用途。其中物质的性质是核心，包括物理性质和化学性质两个方面：物理性质可按色、态、味、水溶性、密度、熔沸点及特性来划分；化学性质可按与非金属、金属、水、酸（或酸性氧化物）、碱（或碱性氧化物）、盐等反应来划分。在注意共性的同时还应特别关注特性。例如硝酸具有酸的通性，但在与金属的反应中还表现出特性--强氧化性，即与活泼金属反应不产生氢气、与铁发生钝化、与不活泼金属也可发生反应等；需存放在棕色试剂瓶中并置于阴暗处保存，则又反映出了硝酸具有不稳定性的特点。 连线是将同一元素不同价态的代表物连成一条线，即以元素价态变化为主线，这样在主线中该元素的各种价态及对应代表物的关系就会十分清晰。 建网是通过对知识的横向、纵向的梳理将头脑中的元素化合物知识条理化、网络化，形成系统的知识体系。如有机化学复习中，要重点把握几组关系： ①有机物间的衍变关系；
②取代关系； ③氧化还原关系； ④消去加成关系；⑤结合重组关系等。通过这一过程进一步加深对物质间联系的认识与理解，为综合应用奠定基础。 二轮复习的方法是以构建学科主干知识网络为中心的复习方法，是一种以不变应万变的基本方法。从知识层面上讲，学科知识是有内在的、紧密联系的，将这种联系形成网络，便于知识在头脑中的激活和提取；从能力层面上讲，知识的整理、归纳是提高分析综合能力的重要途径。 2.重视实验，提高探究性能力 每年高考题中实验题都占有很大的比重，是考查考生能力的重要题型。实验试题有利于对考生的理解能力、推理能力、获取知识能力、分析综合能力、创新能力、记忆能力、语言表达能力等多种能力进行考查，从更深层次看，实验试题还能对考生的科学精神、科学素养进行有效的测试。在二轮复习中，一定要给实验复习留有足够的时间和空间，不能让实验复习匆匆走过场，必要时可以以实验为主线来带动其他知识块的复习。 ①紧扣课本，深挖实验材料内涵 高考化学实验题大多源于教材，实验方案的“根”都植于教材中。教材是根本，是每一位师生都有？？轨，开放性和学科内综合是化学学科高考命题的一个重要特点。 第Ⅰ卷选择题以考查基本概念和基础理论知识为主，涉及物质结构、元素周期律、气体摩尔体积、阿伏加德罗常数、电解原理、物质的量、离子反应、电离平衡、有机物结构与性质的关系、溶液中离子
专题突破训练(一) 化学工艺流程试题的突破方略 过氧化钙微溶于水，溶于酸，可用作分析试剂、医用防 )节选26T 卷，Ⅲ全国(2016·．1腐剂、消毒剂。以下是一种制备过氧化钙的实验方法。回答下列问题： 过氧化钙的制备 CaCO 3――――――――――→稀盐酸、煮沸、过滤①滤液――――――→氨水和双氧水冰浴② 过滤,白色结晶 (1)步骤①的具体操作为逐滴加入稀盐酸，至溶液中尚存有少量固体，此时溶液呈________性(填“酸”、“碱”或“中”)。将溶液煮沸，趁热过滤。将溶液煮沸的作用是________________。 (2)步骤②中反应的化学方程式为____________________________________ ________________________________________________________________， 该反应需要在冰浴下进行，原因是__________________________________。 (3)将过滤得到的白色结晶依次使用蒸馏水、乙醇洗涤，使用乙醇洗涤的目的是______________________________________________________________。 (4)制备过氧化钙的另一种方法是：将石灰石煅烧后，直接加入双氧水反应，过滤后可得到过氧化钙产品。该工艺方法的优点是_____________________， 产品的缺点是________。 【解析】 (1)步骤①中逐滴加入稀盐酸，至溶液中尚存有少量固体，该固体为CaCO 3，溶液中含有CaCl 2，由于溶解了生成的CO 2，溶液呈弱酸性。将溶液煮沸，可排出溶解的CO 2，防止与后续加入的氨水及生成的CaO 2反应。(2)滤液中含有CaCl 2，加入氨水和双氧水在冰浴条件下反应，经过滤得到白色晶体(CaO 2)，结合元素守恒推知步骤②中反应还生成NH 4Cl 和H 2O ，化学方程式为CaCl 2＋2NH 3·H 2O ＋H 2O 2＋6H 2O===CaO 2·8H 2O↓＋2NH 4Cl 或CaCl 2＋2NH 3·H 2O ＋H 2O 2===CaO 2↓＋2NH 4Cl ＋2H 2O 。H 2O 2不稳定，受热易分解生成H 2O 和O 2，故该反应在冰浴条件下进行，其目的是防止H 2O 2受热分解。(3)过氧化钙微溶于水，能溶于酸，白色结晶(CaO 2)可依次使用蒸馏水、乙醇洗涤，使用乙醇洗涤的目的是去除结晶表面水分。(4)将石灰石煅烧后，直接加入双氧水反应，过滤后可得到过氧化钙产品。与第一种方法相比，其优点是工艺简单、操作方便；产品的缺点是纯度较低。 【答案】 (1)酸 除去溶液中的CO 2 (2)CaCl 2＋2NH 3·H 2O ＋H 2O 2＋6H 2O===CaO 2·8H 2O↓＋2NH 4Cl 或CaCl 2＋2NH 3·H 2O ＋H 2O 2===CaO 2↓＋2NH 4Cl ＋2H 2O 温度过高时双氧水易分解 (3)去除结晶表面水分 (4)工艺简单、操作方便 纯度较低 2．(2018·长郡中学学生选拔考试)某工厂对工业污泥中的铬元素回收与再利用的工艺 、 ＋2Fe ，其次是少量的＋3Cr 已知硫酸浸取液中的金属离子主要是(如图 ：)＋2Mg 、＋2Ca 、＋3Al 、＋3Fe
2017-2018 学年度第一学期期末考试试题 高三年级英语学科试卷 （考试时间100 分钟满分120 分） 本试卷共10 页。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。 第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45 分）第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分, 共15分）从每题所给的A 、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。例：It ' s so nice to hear from her again_. __ , we last met more than thirty years ago. A. What ' s more B. That ' s to say C. In other words D. Believe it or not 答案是D 。 1. These fresh vegetables are easy to rot so you ____ eat them within two days. A. might B. should C. can D. would 2. ____ the pictures on the screen more clearly, they moved to the front row. A. To watch B. Watching C. Watched D. Having watched 3. He missed the worst of the traffic this morning, ____ he set out before 6 o 'clock. A. but B. so C. for D. or 4. - Did you have to do much for the dinner party? -No, Tina ______ everything by the time I got home. A. has finished B. had finished C. would finish D. will finish 5. Two blocks beyond the school is a field _____ we often played football during childhood. A. who B. which C. when D. where 6. My parents graduated from this university; that '__s ___ I insisted on applying for it. A. which B. why C. what D. where 7. - Why are you buying a new refrigerator? The old one _____ so many times that it 'snot worth it any more. A. has repaired B. is repaired C. has been repaired D. has been repairing 8. A child should be receiving either meat or eggs daily, preferably ____ . A. neither B. none C. either D. both 9. Can I give you a call on Saturday morning? I think I _____ to the mountains, so call me on my cell phone. A. drive B. am driving C. will drive D. will be driving 10. What will you do if the people ____ at the back of the hall have trouble hearing the speech? A. sitting B. sit C. sat D. to sit 11. Having a hobby is good for you. It doesn 'tmatter what it is ____ it drives you forward. A. as long as B. though C. unless D. in order that 12. ____ the characters leave un said is ofte n more importa nt tha n what they put i nto words.
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the woman suggest the man do？ A. See a doctor. B. Go to a clinic. C. Buy some cough medicine. 2. What do we know about Mary？ A. She is good at sports. B. She is a brilliant organiser. C. She joins a good sports group. 3. Where does the conversation take place？ A. At a bag store. B. At a restaurant. C. At a left-luggage office. 4. What does the woman think of Professor Simpson？ A. He is too talkative. B. He lacks sense of humour. C. He needs to be more energetic. 5. What does the woman mean？ A. She will go to the library today. B. She has already finished her paper. C. She hasn't started writing her paper. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。 6. Why does the man call the woman？
给客户一个“回头”的理由！ 营销世界里有一种说法，一个客户90%的利润在后端，第一次成交只是客户终身价值的10%而已。（寿险） .所以“回头客”一直是所有做生意的人都知道的理念，但是却不是所有人都把这件事情做好了。一些不重视“回头客”的人他们经常在与客户第一次成交时把复购、回头‘客户终身价值抛之脑后，追求及时的利益，导致客户再也不“回头”了，有的人会说，不回头就不回头，老子不在乎·····如果抱着这样的思维做生意，那么客户第一次成交之后的90%利润将与你无缘了。 不管你做的是几十万的小生意，还是几千万的大生意，你都必须在你的营销流程和商业模式中，都把“客户终身价值”设计进去，否则你总会感觉赚钱很累！当你能给客户一个回头的理由，那么生意自己找上门来。 01如何开发“回头客” 既然重复购买客户那么重要，我们该如何去开发这种类型的客户呢？分两步：第一步先要找到这种类型的客户；第二步推荐与其相关的应用。 其实，每个行业都会有这种类型的客户，尤其是那些生产标准产品的客户他们的设计或者工艺有高度的一致性，不会轻易变更，因此，他们所使用的供应商的产品也不会轻易改变。现在，很多客户的业务方向和内容都是公开的，所以找到这个客户群体并不难，关键是要要瞄准相关应用，让客户认可并使用你的产品，这才能开发成功。 02给客户“回头”的理由 以旧换新 以前我们总是喜欢用在销售的前端用以旧抽新的策略，主要是想引流消费。但很少有人把它用在消费行为的后端，其实用在后端，能更好的与头回客建立长久的联系。有了这
个策略后，即使用户购买后与你的联系不强，但是依然可以做到当他还想买这类产品时，想起来找你购买，这是非常神奇的，我们来看一个例子： 王丽是卖劳保鞋的，2016年她转型做淘宝，最初销量一般每天访客就几百个人，后来她对这个项目进行了全面的优化+详情页的重新定制，每个月有几十万的利润。她用以旧换新的策略来吸引回头客，这个策略现在对他的回头客价值非常大，具体怎么做的呢？回头客“优先”特权 人总是喜欢享受特权的，给客户一个独特的身份，这个身份又拥有相应的权利，给这个权利打造一个独特的环境，那么客户就会回头，而且是兴高采烈的回头，举例：有一家服装店，给客户分会员等级，然后高级别的会员，可以每季度享受一次新品上市前的Patty，这个聚会很有格调，有吃，有玩，有情调，总之是一种享受。 然后每个季度的新品在店里展示前的一晚上，他们就会办这个patty，会员享有优先购买权，并且有特别惊喜，不是高级会员就只能等第二天，而且很多衣服在第一天晚上就抢完了，或者断码一部分。所以高级会员就感觉自己的身份感很值得炫耀，每个季度回头的可能性就极大的提高了。 锁定消费策略 如果在客户第一次消费时，你就锁定客户持续消费的机会，那么客户不回头也不行。因为他已经在这里投入了金钱和时时间，而且只有在你这里才能享受到特定优惠，如何做到呢？比如：面包店：充值12元，送6张2元的抵扣劵，12元仍然可以使用；酸奶屋：充值18元，送一小箱酸奶，18元仍然可以使用；修车厂：充值1000元，送30次免费洗车，1000元可以定制保养使用等等。 这些方法都是很有诱惑力的，一次锁定客户的多次消费，客户没有不回头的理由了，因为他还有钱没有消费。
高考化学热点专题突破(十个热点) 热点一物质结构元素周期律 热点二水的电离和溶液的pH 热点三化学反应速度、化学平衡 热点四离子方程式正误判断 热点五离子共存 热点六溶液中粒子浓度大小的比较 热点七氧化－还原反应 热点八电化学 热点九质量守恒定律阿伏加德罗常数及定律 热点十正确书写热化学方程式 热点九质量守恒定律阿伏加德罗常数及定律【必备知识规律总结】 一、质量守恒定律 1．内容
参加化学反应的物质的质量总和等于反应后生成的物质的质量总和。 2．实质 化学反应前后元素的种类和原子的个数不发生改变。 二、气体摩尔体积 一定条件下，1摩尔任何气体所占的体积（V m L/mol） 标准状况下，V m =22.4 L/mol 三、阿伏加德罗定律 1．内容 在同温同压下，同体积的任何气体含有相同的分子数。即“三同”定“一同”。 2．推论： ⑴同温同压下，V1/V2=n1/n2 ⑵同温同体积时，p1/p2= n1/n2=N1/N2 ⑶同温同压等质量时，V1/V2=M2/M1 ⑷同温同压同体积时，W1/W2=M1/M2=ρ1/ρ2 注意：（1）阿伏加德罗定律也适用于混合气体。 （2）考查气体摩尔体积时，常用在标准状况下非气态的物质来迷惑考生，如H2O、SO3、已烷、辛烷、CHCl3、乙醇等。 （3）物质结构和晶体结构：考查一定物质的量的物质中含有多少微粒（分子、原子、电子、质子、中子等）时常涉及稀有气体He、Ne等单原子分子，Cl2、N2、O2、H2双原子分子。胶体粒子及晶体结构：P4、金刚石、石墨、二氧化硅等结构。 （4）要用到22.4L·mol－1时，必须注意气体是否处于标准状况下，否则不能用此概念；（5）某些原子或原子团在水溶液中能发生水解反应，使其数目减少； （6）注意常见的的可逆反应：如NO2中存在着NO2与N2O4的平衡； （7）不要把原子序数当成相对原子质量，也不能把相对原子质量当相对分子质量。 （8）较复杂的化学反应中，电子转移数的求算一定要细心。如Na2O2+H2O；Cl2+NaOH；电解AgNO3溶液等。 四、阿伏加德罗常数 物质的量是以阿伏加德罗常数来计量的，0.012kg碳-12所含的碳原子数就是阿伏加德罗常数(N A)。6.02×1023是它的近似值。 注意：叙述或定义摩尔时一般用“阿伏加德罗常数”，在具体计算时常取“6.02×1023”。
高三英语模拟试题及答案 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话你将听一遍。 1.What does the man want to borrow? A.A pencil. B.An eraser. C.A pen. 2.What is the woman doing now? A.Eating. B.Going home. C.Having group study. 3.What does the man have for earthquake preparation? A.A candle. B.A radio. C.A flashlight. 4.Where does the conversation most probably take place? A.In a bank. B. In a hotel. C.In a store. 5.Where will the man go for his holiday?
A.Brazil. B.Denmark. C. Greece. 第二节 听下面4段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。 6.When does the supermarket close on Sundays? A.At 5:00 pm. B.At 7:00 pm. C. At 8:00 pm. 7.What have the two speakers decided to do now? A.Go shopping. B.Take a walk. C.Have dinner 听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。 8.Why does the man make the call? A.To make a booking. B.To make a suggestion. C.To make an appointment. 9.When will the man return from London? A.On March 10. B. On March 12. C. On March 22.
江苏省盐城中学2020届高三英语练习一 第一部分：听力（共两节,满分20分) 第二部分英语知识运用(共两节,满分35分) 单项填空(共15小题, 每小题1分,满分15分.) 21. To tell ______truth, the future is still a long way to go and we just arrived at______ crossroads, ______new turning point; we will face a new challenge. A．the; a; a B．a; the; / C．a; /; the D．the; a; the 22. –Did you go to visit her when she______ in New York? –______to, but I was extremely busy. A．stayed; was intended B. stayed; intended C．was staying; have intended D．was staying; had intended 23. –Clever ______he is, he works hard. –______ he is always winning the first prize each time. Not many of us realize it, ______. A. although; No wonder; however B. though; No wonder; though C. as; No doubt; though D. though; No doubt; yet 24. ______time permitting, we will go to Shanghai and visit our friends. A. If B. In C. As D. With 25.－How do you find your boss? － ______ A. I can’t find him an ywhere. B. By searching the whole building. C. He’s all right, as long as you do what he says. D. I haven’t seen him for long; he is very busy these days. 26. For a programme that ______ children, we should take their interest into
专题一物质的组成、性质和分类 【考纲展示】 1.了解分子、原子、离子等概念的定义。了解原子团的定义。 2.理解物理变化和化学变化的区别和联系。 3.了解化学的主要特点是在原子、分子水平上认识物质。了解化学可以识别、改变和创造分子。 4.了解物质的组成、结构和性质的关系。 5.理解混合物与纯净物、单质与化合物、金属与非金属的概念。 6.理解酸、碱、盐、氧化物的概念及其相互联系。 7.了解电解质的概念。了解强电解质和弱电解质的概念。 8.了解浊液、溶液和胶体都是常见的分散系。 （1）溶液的含义，了解溶解度、饱和溶液的概念。 （2）了解溶液的组成。理解溶液中溶质的质量分数的概念，并能进行相关计算。 （3）了解胶体的性质（如丁达尔效应、聚沉及电泳等），并能利用胶体的性质解释一些与胶体有关的简单计算。（不要求识记胶体粒子的带电情况）。 【知识回扣】 知识网络
金属 非金属（包括稀有气体）单质 氧化物 酸性氧化物碱性氧化物两性氧化物不成盐氧化物 根据酸根分为含氧酸、无氧酸 根据电离出H +数目分为一元酸、二元酸、多元酸根据电离程度分为强酸、弱酸 根据溶解性可分为可溶性碱、微溶性碱和难溶性碱根据电离程度可分为强碱、弱碱 根据电离出OH — 数目可分为一元碱、二元碱等酸 碱 根据阳离子可分为钠盐、钾盐等根据酸根分为硫酸盐、硝酸盐等 根据组成可分为正盐、酸式盐、复盐等 根据成盐的酸碱性可分为强酸弱碱盐、弱酸强碱盐等盐 化合物 无机物 有机物 烷烃烯烃炔烃芳香烃醇、酚醛、酮羧酸、酯卤代烃 烃 烃的衍生 物 物质 纯净物 混合物 要点扫描 一、电解质和非电解质概念理解的易错点 1.电解质和非电解质都是化合物，单质既不是电解质也不是非电解质。 2.有些电解质只能在水溶液里导电，如共价型电解质HCl 、H 2SO 4等，因为液态HCl 、H 2SO 4不导电；离子型电解质，如NaHCO 3、CaCO 3、BaCO 3等，因为这些物质不存在熔融态。 3.判断一种化合物是电解质还是非电解质，要看起导电作用的离子是否是由该物质自身电离出来的。如SO 2、NH 3的水溶液能导电，但导电离子分别是H +、HSO 3—、NH 4+、OH —，不是由SO 2、NH 3本身电离出来，所以SO 2、NH 3均为非电解质。 4.电解质的导电性与电解质是强电解质还是弱电解质无关。溶液导电性的强弱取决与溶液中自由移动离子浓度的大小。
学科：英语 教学内容：高三英语综合测试题 【同步达纲练习】 I．听力部分略 II. 单项选择填空 21. Now that the wind has ______, we can go out to play badminton. A. dipped B. dropped C. reduced D. slowed 22. Is this the way which you enjoy _____ yourself English? A. in teaching B. to teach C. teaching D. to learn 23. _____ , I had no idea this would happen so soon. A. To be honest B. Being honest C. Having being honest D. My being honest 24. —Where ____ you put my dictionary? —I left it on your desk when you _____ to Tom. A. did; spoke B. have; spoke C. had; were speaking D. did; were speaking 25. The engineer and worker referred to ____ to design something. A. be going B. are going C. is going D. be likely 26. Food is ____ into useful substance by chemicals in the body. A. broken off B. broken out C. broken down D. broken away 27. I thought her nice and honest ____ I met her. A. first time B. the first time C. for the first time D. by the first time. 28. A computer does only _____ thinking people _____. A. what; have it done B. what; have it do C. that; have it done D. that; having it do 29. The police didn’t believe the traffic accident that he insisted on seeing ____ on the road the other day. A. happen B. happened C. happening D. to happen 30.—I am sorry I broke your mirror. —Oh, really? _____. A. Not at all B. That’s nothing C. Don’t be sorry D. I don’t care 31. —I didn’t think the job would be so hard. —You ____ of that earlier. A. should think B. must have thought C. must think D. ought to have thought 32. The factory is producing this kind of telephone ____. A. a great number B. in large number C. in large numbers D. a great number of