第6讲情态动词
一）课前小测
单项选择
01. A __________ boy can sing the English song very well.
A. ten-year-old
B. ten years old
C. ten-years-old
D. fifth years old
02.We have known each other for ________.
A. a year and half
B. a year with half
C. a year and a half
D. a year with a half
03.Bob promised to join the football match________ he has to help his parents on the farm.
A. if
B. as
C. unless
D. when
04.--What are you doing tomorrow, Jane?
--I will go bike riding if it _____. I like riding on rainy days.
A. doesn’t rain
B. is cloudy
C. is snowy
D. rains
05.--Do you know if she _____ to visit us ?
--I think she will come if she _______free tomorrow.
A. comes; is
B. will come; is
C. comes; will be
D. will come; will be
06.--Betty, do you know if Tony______ the photo competition？
--He will, if he _____ his project on Australia.
A. enters; finishes
B. enters; will finish
C. will enter; finishes
D. will enter; will finish
07.If you _________ harder, you will fail the exam.
A. not work
B. work
C. don’t work
D. won’t work
08.He can’t see the words on the board unless he _________ his glasses.
A. wear
B. wears
C. doesn’t wear
D. to wear
09.Why not buy a cheaper monitor?
A. Why do you
B. Why don’t you
C. Why you not
10.My dream is to work as an English teacher.
A. be
B. doing
C. being
11.He was unaware of his mistake.
A. knew
B. realized
C. didn’t realized
12.–The 10-year-old boy can take care_____ himself. --We should learn to be ________like him.
A. of; depending
B. for; dependent
C. for; depend
D. of; independent
13.–Will you ______ finish your speech before 9? -- I’ am afraid I __________. I have too much to say.
A. can; can’t
B. be able to; can’t
C. may; am not able to
D. could; may not
14.We are looking forward______ your e-mail soon.
A. to receive
B. to receiving
C. receiving
D. receive
15.My best friend _______ a tiny mouse_______ me as my birthday gift.
A. bought; to
B. gave; for
C. bought; for
D. sent; at
16.We should try our ______ to make our city________.
A. best; more beautiful
B. the best; the most beautiful
C. best; most beautiful
D. careful; most beautiful
17.–How cute the toy computer is! --Yes. It’s made_______ plastic _____China.
A. of; from
B. from; of
C. of; in
D. from; by
18.My hometown has damaged a lot in over a century.
A. in the past few years
B. in over ten years
C. in over hundreds of years
D. in over 100 years
19.This house is as big as that one.
A. the same size as that one
B. bigger than that one
C. smaller than that one
D. different from that one
20.I will go to the meeting in place of him tomorrow.
A. as for
B. according to
C. instead of
D. because of
21.It’s wrong to make fun of the old people.
A. laugh at
B. make friends with
C. smile at
D. shout to
22.--Don’t you think David is cra zy? --Yes. I can’t understand why he spent dollars on those useless products.
A. million of
B. millions of
C. two million of
D. two millions of
23.--Who ________ the wheel? --I don’t know. But I think the ________ and the ________ are great.
A. invented; invention; inventor
B. invention; invented; inventor
C. invention; inventor; invented
D. inventor; invented; invention
24.--Is there anything ________ in today’s newspaper? --Yes. A man can dance ________.
A. specially; specially
B. special; specially
C. specially; special
D. special; special
25.--Why were you late ________ class again. --Sorry, something was wrong ________ my bike again.
A. in; on
B. of; at
C. for; with
D. from; without
二）知识要点
情态动词
1）定义: 用来表达人的强烈特殊情感的句子。
2）情态动词三特点
（1）无三单变化He can fly.
（2）否定直接加NOT He can’t fly.
（3）后接动词原形He can fly.
3）情态动词用法
用could表请求时，回答应用can’t
Could I go with you? --No, you can’t.
用may表请求时，回答应用can’t 或mustn’t
May I go with you? --No, you can’t /mustn’t.
三）精选习题
选择填空
01.In her opinion, it is a good place.
A. She thought
B. She thinks
C. She knows
D. She knew
02.Here are some important suggestions for you.
A. advices
B. news
C. advice
D. idea
03.You should be careful when you go swimming.
A. look for
B. look after
C. take on
D. take care
04.He was not rich when he was young.
A. poor
B. clever
C. strong
D. tall
05.There are a few competitions today.
A. a lot of
B. several
C. seven
D. a little
06.--Please tell me ___________ you need my help.
--OK. It’s very kind ___________ you.
A. whatever, for
B. until, on
C. whenever, of
D. unless, with
07.--We ___________ him to sing the song.
--That’s really a big ___________ for him.
A. chose; opinion
B. will choose; thought
C. choose; appointment
D. chose; chance
08.--___________ fine day!
--We are going for a picnic. Will you ___________ us?
A. What, take part in
B. How a, join in
C. What a, join
D. How, attend
09.--Mary is a girl full of ___________.
--Yes. She does everything ___________.
A. confident, confidently
B. confidence, confidently
C. confidently, confident
D. confidence, confident
10.--I ___________ the first prize, Mum. I am the only one ____________ in our school.
--Congratulations!
A. won, won
B. win, winners
C. won, winners
D. have won, winner
11.--I don’t feel ___________.
--You’d better ___________ a doctor.
A. good, to see
B. well, to see
C. good, see
D. well, see
12.--When will she give us ___________?
--This evening. It’s ___________ English poems.
A. a talk, in
B. a speech, on
C. a talk, with
D. a speech, at
13.--It is said that your dance is a great ___________.
--Yes. They said I danced ____________ than before.
A. success, well
B. succeed, good
C. success, better
D. successful, best
14.--What’s wrong with you?
--___________, Doctor.
A. I have a fever
B. I have a lesson
C. I lost my bag
D. I got up late
15.Which of the following is WRONG?
A. Above all, we should help each other.
B. He’d better not give up.
C. She advised us speaking more English.
D. The whole class will take part in the activity.
16.When Andy nearly reached the end of the race, she felt ______ because all the others were far behind her.
A. unhappy
B. nervous
C. confident
D. unlucky
17.My cousin gave up the _______ of working abroad and returned to his hometown.
A. chance
B. challenge
C. experience
D. notice
18.--Our teacher wants us to be ______ when we talk with the foreigners. --Yes, we should believe in ourselves.
A. comfortable
B. confident
C. unusual
D. energetic
19.It’s important for the parents to communicate _____ their children.
A. on
B. to
C. with
D. about
20.Mr Black gave us ___________ on how to learn English well.
A. an advice
B. many advices
C. some advice
D. some advices
21.--Would you like ___________ to drink?
--Yes, I’d like a cup of c offee.
A. something else
B. else something
C. anything else
D. else anything
22.To keep away from germs, we must not spit ___________.
A. in danger
B. in need
C. in public
D. in private
23.--I don’t know where to go this summer vacation.
--Why not ___________ visiting Huanggang? There are many places of interest there.
A. suggest
B. wonder
C. consider
D. regard
24.--You’d better ___________ late.
--Sorry, I ___________.
A. don’t come, do
B. not come, won’t
C. not to come, don’t
D. to not come, will
25.--There is no time left. What ____________ we ___________?
--Don’t worry. Let’s go ____________ taxi.
A. should…do, by
B. must…do, in
C. need…go, on
D. may…go, with
26.You ___________ go to bed on time. It’s good for your ____________.
A. should, healthy
B. ought to, health
C. should to, health
D. ought, healthy
27.--If you like singing, you ___________ practice more.
--OK, I ___________.
A. should, will
B. must, do
C. ought to, do
D. may, wont
28.--Can I park my car here, sir?
--___________. You see, there’s muc h traffic here.
A. Never mind
B. You’d better not
C. Of course not
D. Yes, please
29.John___ come to see us tonight, but he isn't very sure yet.
A. may
B. can
C. has to
D. must
30.They ___ do well in the exam.
A. can be able to
B. be able to
C. can able to
D. are able to
31.--May I take this book out? --No, you___.
A. can't
B. may not
C. needn't
D. aren't
32.You___ go and see a doctor at once because you're got a fever.
A. can’t
B. mustn’t
C. should
D. would
33.--Can you speak Japanese? --No, I____.
A. mustn't
B. can't
C. needn't
D. may not
34.The children___ play football on the road.
A. can't
B. can
C. mustn't
D. must
35.You ___ be late for school again next time.
A. mustn't
B. needn't
C. don't have to
D. don't need to
36.--Must I do my homework at once? --No, you___.
A. needn't
B. mustn't
C. can't
D. may not
37.You ______ start right now because it’s the right time.
A can’t B. could C. maybe D. should
38.--Must we clean the house now? --No, you _______.
A. needn't
B. may not
C. mustn't
D. can't
39.Johnny, you ______ play with the knife, you ______ hurt yourself.
A. won't...can't
B. mustn't...may
C. shouldn't, must
D. can't...shouldn't
40.--Mum, what ______ I wear for our trip?
--I think you ought to wear your jeans and blouse.
A. ought
B. ought to
C. should
D. must
41.--Must I finish all the exercise today?
--No, you ______ , but you ______ finish them before Friday.
A. mustn’t, ought to
B. don’t’ have to, must
C. needn’t to, need
D. shouldn’t, ought
42.Let’s clean our room, ______ ?
A. will you
B. d on’t we
C. shall we
D. do you
43.Let us clean our room. ______ ?
A. will you
B. don’t we
C. shall we
D. do you
44.Tom ought not to ______ me your secret, but he meant no harm.
A. told
B. tell
C. is telling
D. tells
45.Life is short. We ______ to waste it.
A. should
B. shouldn’t
C. oughtn’t
D. oughtn’t to
选择合适的词组填空
have to speak to public speaker
In my opinion Above all in public
01., it is easy to learn English, but some others don’t think so.
02.Simon always feels shy when he speaks . Let’s give him some encouragement.
03.It’s too l ate. I leave because I have an important meeting to attend tomorrow morning.
04.If you want to be a successful , you should be brave and confident.
05.When I Ellen, I could see something strange in her eyes.
06., hard work makes you successful.
写出划线部分的同义词或短语
01.She told the class that they should study hard for the next exam. ______________
02.Can you give me some advice on how to improve my writing? ______________
根据中文完成句子
03.如果明天不下雨，我会和你一起去公园的。
If it __________ __________ tomorrow, I ______________ go to the park _________ you.
04.如果她不提高她的英文，她和朋友们交谈就会有困难。
She _______ ______ __________ __________ _________ her friends if she ______ __________ ________ ________.
根据汉语意思完成句子。
05.自信的人不会害怕在公共场所讲话。
Confident people aren’t afraid to speak _______ _______.
06.如果你能给我机会解释一下，我想你会同意我的观点的。
If you ______ ______ ______ ________ to explain myself, I think you’ll agree with my idea.
07.在她看来，学好英语是很重要的。
_____ _____ ______, learning English well is very important.
08.那个想法很值得考虑。
That idea ______ well ______ _______.
09.最要紧的是，你们彼此一定要保持联系。
_____ ______, make sure you keep in touch with each other.
10.对于如何回答这些问题，你能不能给我一些建议？
Could you ______ ______ some ______ _______ how to answer these questions?
完型填空
Some students find _______21______ difficult to learn English well. That’s ______22______ they don’t find the right way. I think _______23______ is very important to students. The more you read, the_______24_______ you will understand. Reading is _______25______ to listening, speaking and writing. If you often read English aloud, you’ll improve your listening. On the other hand, listening a lot can help you _______26______ better. Reading English loudly can also help you speak clearly and fluently. You can read English everywhere when you are free. If you wish. You can get ______27______ knowledge when you read. When you want to express your _______28______, you can either speak or write. That means you are using what you have learned from reading. So you can write better and better. If you want ______29_____ something, you _____30______ read again and again. So from now on, you’d better do more reading.
21. A. this B. that C. they D. it
22. A. why B. because C. that D. as
23. A. reading B. listening C. writing D. speaking
24. A. good B. well C. better D. more
25. A. help B. helped C. helpful D. helping
26. A. reading B. read C. reads D. writing
27. A. a lot B. lot of C. a lots of D. a lot of
28. A. idea B. think C. ideas D. thinking
29. A. remember B. to remember C. remembers D. remembering
30.A. may B. should C. must D. cans
( )1 John___ come to see us tonight, but he isn't very sure yet. A. may B. can C. has to D. Must 2 They ___ do well in the exam. A. can be able to B. be able to C. can able to D. are able to 3 —May I take this book out? —No, you___. A. can't B. may not C. needn't D. aren't 4 You___ go and see a doctor at once because you're got a fever. A. can B. must C. dare D. would 5 —Can you speak Japanese? —No, I____. A. mustn't B. can't C. needn't D. may not 1. – He___ be in the classroom, I think —No, he ___ be in the classroom. I saw him go home a minute ago. A. can; may not B. must; may not C. may; can't D. may; mustn't 2 —Shall I get one more cake for you, Dad? —Thanks, but you___, I've had enough. A. may not B. must not C. can't D. needn't 3 Even the top students in our class can't work out this problem, so it be very difficult. A. may B. must C. can D. need 4 He isn't at school. I think he ___ be ill. A. can B. shall C. must D. has to 5 ___ I take this one? A. May B. Will C. Are D. Do 1 The children___ play football on the road. A. can't B. can C. mustn't D. must 2 You ___ be late for school again next time. A. mustn't B. needn't C. don't have to D. don't need to 3 —Must I do my homework at once? —No, you___. A. needn't B. mustn't C. can't D. may not 1 His arm is all right. He___ go and see the doctor. A. has not to B. don't have to C. haven't to D. doesn't have to 2 He had to give up the plan, ___ he? A. did B. didn't C. does D. doesn't 3 They had to walk here, ___ they? A. mustn't B. did C. didn't D. hadn't 1 He had better stay here, ___ he? A. doesn't B. don't C. hadn't D. isn't 2 You'd better___late next time. A. not to be B. not be C. won't be D. don't be 3 You'd better ___ your hair ___ once a month. A. had; cut B. had; cutted C. have; cut D. have; cutted 4 You___ ask that man over there. Maybe he knows the way. A. had better not to B. had not better C. had better D. had better not 1 —Shall we go and visit the History Museum next Sunday? —________ A. Here you are B. Sorry, I can't C. Yes, please D. Let me try 2 —Why don't you ask Mike to go with us? —Thanks, ___. A. I will B. I won't C. lean D. I may 3 —___ I take the newspaper away? —No, you mustn't. You____read it only here. A. Must; can B. May; can C. Need; must D. Must; must 1 Excuse me. ___ you please pass me that cup? A.Do B. Should C. Would D. Must 2 ___ you like to have another try? A. Could B. Will C. Would D. Do 3 —Would you like to go boating with us? —Yes, ___. A. I'd like B. I want C. I'd like to D. I do 1 You___ worry about your son. He will get well soon. A. needn't B. can't C. mustn't D. have to 2 The poor man needs our help, ___ he? A. need B. needn't C. does D. doesn't 3 —Must we do our homework first? —No, you___. You may have a rest first. A. mustn't B. needn't C. may not D. can't 1. I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I _______ for her. A. had to write it out B. must have written it out C. should have written it out D. ought to write it out 2. —There were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well. —It _______ a comfortable journey. A. can’t be B. shouldn’t be C. mustn’t have been D. couldn’t have been 3. It’s nearly seven o’clock. Jack _______ be here at any moment. A. must B. Need C. should D. can 4. Johnny, you _______ play with the knife, you _______ hurt yourself.
英语语法大全 初中英语语法 学习提纲 一、词类、句子成分和构词法： 1、词类：英语词类分十种： 名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.)：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. ：who, she, you, it . 主要用来代替名词。如)： 2、代词(pron.3、形容词(adj..)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。如：good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。如：am, is,are,have,see . 6、副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。如：now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7、冠词(art..)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如：a, an, the. 8、介词(prep.)：表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in, on, from, above, behind. 9、连词(conj.)：用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before . 10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如：oh, well, hi, hello. 2、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。如：I'm Miss Green.(我是格林小姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。如：Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、 代词或形容词担任。如：My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。如：He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词) 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。间接 宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如：He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了 一封信) 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。如：He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信)
初中英语情态动词的基本用法讲解 1. can （could） 1）表示能力，could 主要指过去时间。 Two eyes can see more than one. 两只眼比一只眼看得清。 Could the girl read before she went to school? 这女孩上学前能识字吗？ 2）表示可能（理论上或是逻辑判断上）。 The temperature can fall to —60 °C , that is 60 °C below freezing. 气温可降至一60 C，也就是零下60 C。 He can't （couldn't） have enough money for a new car. 他不可能有足够的钱买新车。 You mustn't smoke while you're walking around in the wood. You could start a fire. 在林子里走时勿吸烟，那样可能会引起火灾。 3）表示允许。 Can I have a look at your new pen? 我可以看一看你的新钢笔吗？ He asked whether he could take the book out of the reading-room. 他问他可不可以把书带出阅览室。 4）表惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度。主要用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中。 Where can （could） they have gone to? 他们会去哪儿了呢？ He can't （couldn't） be over sixty. 他不可能超过六十岁。 How can you be so careless? 你怎么这么粗心？ 5）比较委婉客气地提出问题或陈述看法。 Can （Could） you lend me a hand? 帮我一把好吗？ I' m afraid we couldn 't give you an answer today. 恐怕我们今天不能给你答复。 2. may （might） 1）表允许，might 可以指过去时间，也可指现在时间，语气更委婉。 You may take whatever you like. 你喜欢什么就拿什么。 He told me that I might smoke in the room. 他告诉我可以在房间里抽烟。 May （Might） I ask for a photo of your baby? 我可以要一张你宝宝的照片吗？ 在回答以may引起的问句时，多避免用这个词，而用其它方式，如Yes, please. / Certainly. / Please don' t ./ You' d better not. / No, you mustn ' t.等，以免显得太严峻或不客气。 2）表可能（事实上）。可以指过去时间，也可以指现在时间，但语气更加不肯定。 He may be at home. 他可能在家。 She may not know about it. 她可能不知道这件事。 He was afraid they might not agree with him. 他担心他们可能不同意他的意见。 They might be having a meeting, but I ' m not sure. 他们有可能在开会，不过我不肯定。 3. must 1）表示义务。意为“必须” （主观意志）。 We must do everything step by step. 我们一切都必须循序渐进地做。 You mustn' t talk to her like that. 你不可能那样对她说话。 --Must we hand in our exercise —books now? 我们现在就要交练习本吗？ --No, you needn' t. / No, you don' t have to. 不必。（这种情况下，一般不用mustn' t）2）表示揣测。意为“想必、准是、一定”等，只用于肯定句。
英语时态讲解 【注】构成时态的助动词be (is, am, are), have (has), shall, will 等需根据主语的变化来选择。时态是英语中一个重要的语法范畴，它表示不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态以及动作发生或存在的方式。动作发生的时间可分为现在、过去、将来和过去将来四种形式，动作发生的方式可分为一般、完成、进行和完成进行四种形式。将时间形式和动作方式结合起来，就构成了以下 英语的时态是靠动词的变化和时间状语来表达的。英语中的时态共有十六种，但是常考的或较常用的只有9种。要掌握英语的时态和语态，必须掌握好英语中的助动词(do, be, have)和时间状语这两个核心问题。 1、一般现在时 主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点；表示经常或习惯性的动作，句子中常有often, always, from time to time 等时间状语；表示客观规律和永恒真理等。 H e usually goes to work at 7 o’clock every morning. 他每天7点上班。 2、现在进行时 表说话时或目前一段时间内正在进行的活动：或表感情色彩，加强语气。与频率副词，如always，constantly，continually，again等连用表示说话人的某种感情色彩（赞叹、厌烦、埋怨等）。 We are having English class.
我们正在上英语课。 3、现在完成时 表示动作发生在过去，完成在过去，但强调与现在情况仍有联系，其结果或影响仍存在。 They have lived in Beijing for five years. 他们在北京已经住了5年了。 4．一般过去时 表在过去某个特定时间发生且完成的动作，或过去习惯性动作，不强调对现在的影响，只说明过去。常跟明确的过去时间连用，如：yesterday; last week; in 1945, at that time; once; during the war; before; a few days ago; He used to smoke a lot. 他过去抽烟比较厉害。 5. 过去进行时 表示过去某个时间点或某段时间内正在发生的动作。 Beijing was hosting the 29th Olympic Games in August 2008. 在2008年8月，北京正在举行29届奥运会。 6. 过去完成时 表示过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作，即过去完成时的动作发生在“过去的过去”，句中有明显的参照动作或时间状语，这种时态从来不孤立使用( before, after, by, up till ) They finished earlier than we had expected. 他们提前完成了（工作）。 7. 一般将来时 表在将来某个时间会发生的动作或情况。常和tomorrow, next year, in 2008等表示将来的时间状语连用。 I am leaving for Beijing tomorrow. 我明天就要离开北京。 8、将来进行时 表将来某个时间正在发生的动作，或按计划一定会发生的事情。 I’ll be doing my homework this time tomorrow. 明天这会我正在写作业。 9、将来完成时 表在将来某时刻之前业已完成的事情，时间状语非常明显。常用的时间状语一般用by+将来的时间。如：by the end of this year, by 8 o’clock this evening, by March next year以及由by the time…, before或when等引导的副词从句。 By the end of next month, he will have traveled 1000 miles on foot. 到下个月底，他步行将达到1000英里。 英语共有十六个时态、四个体。（注：四个体为——一般、进行、完成、完成进行。） 英语中的四个体相当于法语、西班牙语以及所有印欧语系罗曼语族中的式，如：直陈式，命令式等。
初中英语语法大全 一、词类、句子成分和构词法： 1、词类：英语词类分十种：名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词 动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.)：表人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. 2、代词(pron.)：主要用来代替名词。如：who, she, you, it . 3、形容词(adj..)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。如：good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。如：am, is,are,have,see . 6、副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。如：now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7、冠词(art..)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如：a, an, the. 8、介词(prep.)：表示它后面名词或代词与其他句子成分关系。如in, on, from, above, behind. 9、连词(conj.)：用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before . 10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如：oh, well, hi, hello. 2、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种：主、谓、宾、定、状、表、宾补。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。如：I‘m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。如：Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、代词 或形容词担任。如：My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。如：He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词) 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。 间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如：He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了一封信) 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。如：He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信) 5、定语修饰名词或代词,通常由形容词、代词、数词等担任。如： Shanghai is a big city .(上海是个大城市) 6、状语用来修饰动词、形容词、副词,通常由副词担任。如：He works hard .(他工作努力) 7、宾语补足语用来说明宾语怎么样或干什么,通常由形容词或动词充当。如：They usually keep their classroom clean.(他们通常让教室保持清洁) / He often helps me do my lessons.(他常常帮我做功课) / The teacher wanted me to learn French all by myself.(老师要我自学法语) ☆同位语通常紧跟在名词、代词后面,进一步说明它的情况。如：Where is your classmate Tom ?(你
初中英语情态动词用法详解 【情态动词知识梳理】 情态动词有具体的词义，但也同助动词一样，需要与其他词语一起构成句子的谓语，另外情态动词没有人称和数的变化，情态动词后必须跟动词原形。 考点一：can，may，must等情态动词在陈述句中的用法： 1. can的用法： （1）.表示能力、许可、可能性。表示能力时一般译为―能、会‖，即有种能力，尤其是生来具备的能力，此时may和must均不可代替它。 She can swim fast, but I can’t . 她能游得很快，但我不能。 I can see with my eyes.我用眼睛看。 （2）.表示许可，常在口语中。 You can use my dictionary. 你可以用我的字典。 （3）.表示推测，意为―可能‖，常用于否定句和疑问句中，此时can’t译为―不可能‖。 Can the news be true ? 这个消息会是真的吗？ —Can it be our teacher ? 那个人有可能是我们老师吗？ —No, it can’t be our teacher. He is on a visit to the Great Wall. 不可能。咱们老师正在游览长城呢。 【例题】—I think Miss Gao must be in the library. She said she would go there .—No. She __be there, I have just been there. A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D .wouldn’t 【解析】根据下文―我刚去过那儿‖可知，应为―不可能‖，can’t表示推测[答案] A 2. could的用法： （1）.can的过去式，意为―能、会‖，表示过去的能力。 He could write poems when he was 10. 他十岁时就会写诗。 （2）. could在疑问句中，表示委婉的语气，此时could没有过去式的意思。 Could you do me a favor? 你能帮我个忙吗？ —Could I use your pen? 我能用一下你的钢笔吗?
情态动词 （一）情态动词的定义: 情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度。 （二）情态动词的特点 1. 情态动词有一定的词义。 2. 情态动词不能单独做谓语，它必须和其他动词的原形一起构成谓语。 3. 情态动词没有人称，数的变化。 （三）情态动词的结构和意义 1.情态动词的基本句型 ?肯定句：主语+情态动词+动词原形+...... ?否定句：主语+情态动词+not+动词原形+...... ?疑问句：情态动词+主语+动词原形+...... 2. 情态动词的意义 must“必须”；can/could“能，会”；may/might “可以”；should“应该”； would“愿，要”；have to“不得不”；need“需要” （四）情态动词的基本用法 1.can (could主要指过去时间) 1）表示人或物本身所具有的能力，意为“能，能够，会” : Two eyes can see more than one. / I can swim very well. 2）表示可能（理论上或是逻辑判断上） He can’t (couldn’t) have enough money for a new car. 3）表示允许： Can I have a look at your new pen? He asked whether he could take the book out of the reading-room. 4）表示对现在动作或状态的猜测，主要用于否定句和疑问句中或感叹句中: He can’t (couldn’t) be over sixty.他不可能超过六十岁。 5）could表示比can更委婉客气的提出问题或陈述看法，指的是现在时间。 Can (Could) you lend me a hand? 帮我一把好吗？ 2. may (might) 1）表允许，询问或说明一件事可不可以做，might指过去时间；但在疑问句中might也可指现在时间，语气比may更委婉。 May (Might) I ask for a photo of your baby? 我可以要一张你宝宝的照片吗？ 在回答以may引起的问句时，肯定回答是一般可仍用may,或Yes, please. / Certainly./Sure./Of course. ； 否定回答根据说话人的语气由强到弱分别选用: must not(mustn’t)（禁止）/ had better not（最好别）/ may not（不行） 2) may表可能,但所表示的可能性不如can所表示的那样肯定。might可以指过去时间，也可以指现在时间，但语气更加不肯定。 He may be at home. 他可能在家。 They might be having a meeting, but I’m not sure.他们有可能在开会，不过我不肯定。 3. must（have to表示客观需要） 1）表示“必须”（主观看法）时，用于肯定句或疑问句；用于否定句时表示“禁止”。 We must do everything step by step. 我们一切都必须循序渐进地做。 You must get home before 9:00. 2）表示揣测。意为“想必、准是、一定”等，只用于肯定句。 He must be ill. He looks so pale. 他准是病了。他的脸色苍白。 3)must的疑问句，肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn’t或don’t have to。 4. should 1）表责任或义务，意为“应该”，用于各种人称。
初中英语语法：情态动词讲解及练习情态动词讲解及练习（ModalVerbs） *情态动词也可称为“情态助动词（ModalAuxiliaries）”，因为它和基本助动词（be,do,have）都属于助动词类。*情态动词和其他动词连用，可表示说话人的语气。*情态动词可表达建议、要求、可能和意愿等。*情态动词没有人称和数的变化。*常用的情态动词有：can,could,may,might,shall,should,will,would，must,这九大情态动词；其他的还有oughtto,need,dare等。 一、九大情态动词的时态关系： 1.现在式can--过去式could 2.现在式may--过去式might 3.现在式shall--过去式should 4.现在式will--过去式would 5.现在式must--过去式must（常用hadto来代替） 二、情态动词表示“可能”或“预测” （1）can和could用于表示“可能”或“预测”： 1.Hecan'tbeathome.他不可能在家。（否定句） 2.Canthenewsbetrue?这消息可能是真的吗?（将情态动词can置于主语thenews前就成疑问句） 3.Anybodycanmakemistake.任何人都可能犯错误。（只表示理论上的可能性） （2）may和might用于表示“事实上的可能性”或“预测”： 1.Itmayraintomorrow.（表示可能会发生）明天可能会下雨。 2.Itmaysnowlaterthisafternoon.（表示预测）今天下午可能会下雪。 3.Youmightberight.（表示有可能）你可能是对的。 （3）will和would用于表示“预测”或“习惯性”： 1.Ithinkhewillbeallrightnow.我想他现在一定好了。（willbe表示一定会） 2.Thatwouldbehismother.那肯定是他母亲。（wouldbe表示肯定是） 3.Hewillsittherehourafterhourlookingattheriver. 他经常一连几个小时坐在那儿看着河水。（will表示经常的）
情态动词 一、考点、热点回顾 【词汇辨析】 1.sometimes/ some times/sometime/ some time: sometimes: “有时”=at times. He is sometimes late for school. some times: “几次” I have been to Nanjing some times. sometime: “某一时刻” I bought it sometime last spring. We’ll meet again sometime next week. some time: “一段时间” We have to stay here for some time. 2. many/ much/ a few/ a little/ few/ little (1)many修饰可数名词，much修饰不可数名词；都表示许多。例如： 许多书许多牛奶 (2)a few和a little都表示"有一点儿"，侧重于肯定，相当于"some"，但 a few修饰可数名词， a little修饰不可数名词，例如： He has a few friends in London. ---Would you like some coffee? ---Yes, just a little. (3)few和little表示"几乎没有"，侧重否定。few后接可数名词，little后接不可数名词。例 如： He is a strange man. He has few words. Hurry up, there is little time left. 【固定搭配】加-ing be busy doing sth.忙于做…… eg: Mother is busy cooking. look forward to + doing sth. 期待做…… eg: Tom l ooks forward to seeing his father again. Thank you for (doing) sth. 为了…感谢你 eg: Thank you for your help. have fun doing sth愉快地做某事 eg: I had great fun playing in the water. =have a good time doing sth eg: I had a good time playing in the water. have problem/trouble/difficulty (in)doing sth.做某事有困难 eg: I have difficulty finishing my homework in 2 hours. 【情态动词】又叫情态助动词。它们具有以下特点： ⑴ 它们必须与其他动词连用，即：情态动词＋动词原形 表示说话人对所述动作的看法，如需要、可能、意愿或怀疑等。 ⑵绝大多数情态动词没有人称和数的变化，即第三人称单数不加-s （以be和have 开头的情态动词短语除外）。 ⑶ 在意义上，情态动词具有“多义性”。 例：can既可表示能力，又可表示可能、允许等意义。 【情态动词的基本用法】
初中英语语法专项习题---介词 常用介词介绍 （一）表示时间的介词： 1．at, on, in (1)at表示“在某一时刻、某一时点” at5:30 在5:30 at sunrise日出时 at lunch午饭时 at noon 正午时 at night夜间 I get up at 6:00 everyday.我每天6:00起床。 表示“在……岁”时用at the age of…。 如：at the age of five.在五岁时。 (2)on表示“在具体某一天或某天的上、下午”。如： on Monday在星期一 onApril1st在四月一日 I heard a shot on the morning of March 18.三月十八日早晨我听到一声枪响。 泛指上、下午、晚上、夜间时用in the morning/afternoon/evening, at night；但若指具体某一天的上述时段时，则一律用on。 如：On the afternoon of May 23.在五月二十三日下午。 (3)in表示“在某月、季节、年、世纪”以及泛指的上、下午、晚上。 In September 在九月 in winter 在冬季 in1999 在1999年 in the 20th century 在20世纪 in the morning/afternoon/evening在上午/下午/晚上 2．for, during, through (1)for表示“一段时间”，后接与数词连用的时间名词。多与完成时连用。I’ve been a soldier for 5 years.我入伍已5年了。 She has been ill for several days.她已经病了几天了。 表示“持续一段时间”时，for后面必须跟“数字+时间名词”，而during后决不可接数字。 (2)during表示“在……期间” He visited many nice places during his stay here.在他逗留期间他参观了许多美丽的地方。 What did you do during the summer vacation?你在暑假做了什么？ (3)through表示“一直……，自始至终” They worked hard through the winter.整个冬天他们都在努力工作。 She treated me like her brother through these years.这些年来她始终把我当哥哥对待。 3．from, since
初中英语情态动词用法归纳 话题：动词情态教育学习 情态动词有具体的词义，但也同助动词一样，需要与其他词语一起构成句子的谓语，另外情态动词没有人称和数的变化，情态动词后必须跟动词原形。考点一：can，may，must 等情态动词在陈述句中的用法：1. can的用法：（1）.表示能力、许可、可能性。表示能力时一般译为“能、会”，即有种能力，尤其是生来具备的能力，此时may和must均不可代替它。如：She can swim fast, but I can’t .她能游得很快，但我不能。I can see with my eyes.我用眼睛看。（2）.表示许可，常在口语中。如：You can use my dictionary.你可以用我的字典。（3）.表示推测，意为“可能”，常用于否定句和疑问句中，此时can’t译为“不可能”。如：Can the news be true?这个消息会是真的吗？—Can it be our teacher?那个人有可能是我们老师吗？—No, it can’t be our teacher. He is on a visit to the Great Wall.不可能。咱们老师正在游览长城呢。【例题】—I think Miss Gao must be in the library. She said she would go there.—No. She __be there, I have just been there. A.can’t
B.mustn’t C.needn’t D.wouldn’t【解析】根据下文“我刚去过那儿”可知，应为“不可能”，can’t表示推测[答案] A2. could 的用法：（1）.can的过去式，意为“能、会”，表示过去的能力。如：He could write poems when he was 10.他十岁时就会写诗。（2）. could在疑问句中，表示委婉的语气，此时could 没有过去式的意思。如:Could you do me a favour?你能帮我个忙吗？—Could I use your pen?我能用一下你的钢笔吗?—Yes, you can.可以。（注意回答）3. may的用法：（1）.表示请求、许可，比can正式，如：May I borrow your bike?我可以借你的自行车吗？You may go home now.现在你可以回家了。【例题】—_______ I borrow your MP3?—Sure . Here you are.A. May B.Should C.Must D. Would【解析】在此处表示请求，意为“做……可以吗”。答案：A(2) .表示推测，谈论可能性，意为“可能，或许”，一般用于肯定句中。如：It may rain tomorrow .明天可能会下雨。She may be at home.她可能在家呢.(3) .may的过去式为might，表示推测时。可能性低于may。如：He is away from school. He might be sick.他离开学校了，可能是他生病了。(4) .表示希望、祈求、祝愿，常可译为“祝愿”。通常是用may +主+V例如：May you have a good time.祝你过得愉快。May you be happy!祝你幸福！May you succeed！祝你成功！4. must的用法：(1).must表示主观看法，意为“必须、一定”。如：You must stay here until I come back.
七年级（上） 1.family name = last name 姓first name = given name 名字 2. 用某种语言用介词in （如in English） 3. 电话用语中this that 回答 “Is that Mr.H” “Yes，it is” 4.hat 有边沿的帽子cap 有帽舌的帽子 5.名词的复数形式：①一般+s ②s,x,ch,sh,结尾的+es ③辅音字母+y 去y为I，+es ④o结尾，除了negro hero tomato potato +es，其余+s ⑥特殊名词复数形式 6.应对道谢You are welcome = That’s all right =That’s OK = Not at all = It’s my pleasure. 7.Here you are = Here it is = It is here 倒装句here +be +名词here +代词+be 8.in 年月季节on 日星期几节日at 钟点 9.join 参加加入（团体组织）take part in 参加（活动） 10. be busy doing 11.be strict with sb be strict in sth 12.bring+人或物+to +地点把…带到某地 bring+人或物+for+人给某人带来… 13. start doing start +名词 start to do的情况：主语是物不是人;start本身为starting时;其后的动词与想法感情有关14.what time is it？=what’s time？询问钟点回答：It is….（一律） 单词：trumpet喇叭racket（网球羽毛球）球拍plural复数，复数形式，复数的ninth第九furniture家具February二月eraser橡皮擦dresser梳妆台 drum鼓documentary纪录片description描述broccoli花椰菜biology生物学 comedy喜剧singular单数plural复数 七年级（下） 1.hear from sb. 收到…的来信 2.be friendly to 对…友好 3.another 另一，再一 other 其他的，别的（无范围）+名词（复数） the other 两个中的另一个（通常搭配one…the other…） others 其他的人或物（代词） the others 多个中的剩余几个（不加名词，通常搭配some….the others…） 4.what+be+主语?=what do/does+主语+do？询问职业 5.be surprised + at sth./to do sth./句子 6.in the corner 屋里某个角落 on the corner = at the corner 街头某个拐角处 7.every day 每天（状语）everyday 日常每天的adj.+ n.. 8. in the tree 在树上（非树本身的一部分）on the tree 在树上（树上的一部分） 9.in hospital 住院in the hospital 在医院工作 10. agree with sb agree to sth 答应agree on/upon/about 达成一致意见 11.tell…from…把…与…区别开来