被动语态的构成：助动词be ＋动词的过去分词。英语中最常用的被动语态有十种：
1.一般现在时：由am / are / is ＋done构成。例如：
I am often praised by the teachers. 我经常受到老师们的表扬。
He is a good teacher. He is respected by the teachers and his students. 他是位好老师，受到师生们的好评。
You are wanted on the phone.有你的电话。
2.一般过去时：由was / were＋done构成。例如：
I was asked to go to Harbin on business yesterday.我昨天被派往哈尔滨出差了。
This teaching building was completed the day before yesterday.这栋教学大楼是前天竣工的。She was criticized because she was late for school yesterday.由于昨天上学迟到，她受到了批评。
This novel was published in 1998. 这本小说是在1998年出版的。
3.一般将来时：由shall / will be＋done构成。例如：
The sports meeting will be put off.运动会将被推迟。
I am sure that we shall be invited to the party.我们肯定会被邀请参加舞会的。
He will be sent to work the United States.他将被派往美国去工作。
4.一般过去将来时：由should / would be ＋done构成。例如：
He told me that he would be asked to attend the opening ceremony.他告诉我说他将被邀请参加开幕式。
She said that the work would be done by herself.她说她将自己做此工作。
I asked him if he would be criticized by the teacher. 我问他是否会受到老师的批评。
5.现在进行时：由am / are / is ＋being＋done构成。例如：
The new teaching building is being built. 新的教学大楼正在修建。
The street in front of my house is being widened. 我家前面的那条街道正在加宽。
Listen! He is being punished by the teacher.听！老师在惩罚他。
6.过去进行时：由was/ were ＋being＋done构成。例如：
He realized that he was being made fun of.他意识到有人在取笑他。
When I got there, the case which happened five days ago was being investigated.
我到那儿时，五天前发生的案件正在调查。
My little brother was being scolded by my father when I got home.
我到家时，我小弟弟正在受我父亲的责备。
7.现在完成时：由have / has ＋been＋done构成。例如：
This class has been taught by me for three years. 这个班我已经教了三年了。
He has been praised since he came here.自从他来这儿以来，一直受到表扬。
This computer has been repaired. 这台电脑已经修好了。
This novel has been translated into English and French.这本小说已被译成了英语和法语。
8.过去完成时：由had ＋been＋done构成：例如：
By the time I came back, the work had been finished.到我回来时，此工作已经完成。
When I got there , he had been killed.我到那儿时，他已经被人杀害了。
He told me that production costs in their factory had been greatly reduced.他告诉我说他们工厂的生产成本大大地降低了。
9.将来完成时：由shall / will ＋have＋been＋done构成。例如：
The work will have been finished by the time I come back. 到我回来时此工作将已完成。
The new factory will have been completed by the end of this month.到这个月末，这个新工厂将
已竣工。
10.过去将来完成时：由should / would ＋have＋been＋done构成。例如：
It was reported that this building would have been completed by the end of this month.据报道，这栋楼将在这个月未以前将已竣工。
He said that Book one would have been finished by the end of this term.他说到本学期末以前第一册书将已学完。
现将各种时态的被动语态的构成列表如下：
时间现在过去将来过去将来
一般时am(are, is ) done was / were done
shall / will be done should / would be done
进行时am (are, is )being done was /were being done
完成时have(has)been done
had been done
shall / will have been done would have been done
情态动词和一些特殊情况的被动态：
1.情态动词的被动语态的构成：情态动词＋be＋动词的过去分词。例如：
This work must be finished before tomorrow. 此工作必须在明天以前完成。
She should have been criticized for her carelessness in the exam.她在考试中粗心大意，本来应该受到批评。
He must have been injured in that accident.在那次事故中他一定受伤了。
As we have known, good things can be turned into bad things.众所周知，好事也能变成坏事。
2.have to do , ought to do , be to do , 和 be going to do的被动式是把do变成be done。例如：If you think we are to be bullied, you are wrong.如果你认为我们好欺侮的话，你错了。
This book is going to be finished next week.这本书将在下周写完。
This problem ought to have been taken into consideration.这个问题本来应该考虑吗。
在以下情况用被动语态：
1.不知道或也没有必要说明动作的执行者时：例如：
This city is well supplied with water.这个城市供水情况良好。
The meeting has been postponed till Friday.会议延期到星期五举行。
Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.请参观者不要用手摸展品。
2.当说话人强调动作的执行者时：例如：
This school was set up by me. 这所学校是我办的。
This teaching building was designed by my brother.这栋教学楼是我弟弟设计的。
常用的被动句句型
1、主语＋get＋过去分词＋其他。
本句型在口语中用的比较多。其特点不能和by＋动作的执行者连用。例如：
She got killed in the First World War.她在第一次世界大战中被杀害。
He got dismissed from the factory yesterday.昨天他被工厂开除了。
This story eventually got translated into English. 这篇小说终于译成了英语。
2、主语＋be＋形容词＋to＋be＋过去分词＋其他。
本句型的特点：谓语是由两部分合成的。第一部分是“be＋形容词”起着辅助说明的作用；而第二部分是不定式的被动态，起着决定性的作用。例如：
She was unlucky to be injured in that accident.她不幸的是在事故中受伤。
No matter where you go, you are bound to be received warmly. 你无论到哪儿，一定会受到热情地接待。
Cast Iron is apt to be broken.生铁容易破裂。
3、主语＋谓语＋to be ＋过去分词＋其它。
本句型的特点：谓语由两部分构成。第一部分是主动态，而第二部分是被动语态，是此句型表达的主要内容。例如：
Would you like to be taught English? 你愿意学习英语吗？
He asked to be sent to work in the countryside after graduation.毕业之后他请求到农村去工作。He seemed to be shut up in himself like a shellfish.他看来像贝壳似地把自己关闭起来，一点也不作声。
4、主语＋被动式谓语＋介词或者副词＋by执行者。
本句型的特点是：被动的谓语动词之后本来就带有介词或者副词，一定要注意介词和副词不能省略。例如：
She was well looked after when I was away.当我不在时，她被照顾得很好。
That man over there can be depended on. 那边的那个人是可以依赖的。
5、 It（形式主语）＋被动式谓语＋名词或者形容词＋实际主语＋其它。
本句型的特点：It是形式主语，实际主语应该是动词不定式短语、动词不定式复合结构（for sb. to do sth.）、动词名词的复合结构（one’s doing ）。例如：
It was found hard for us to master English in a year.我们已经发现要在一年之内精通英语是很难的。
It was proved right to do it.做那件事已经证明是正确的。
6、 It＋被动式谓语＋实际主语（that或者连接疑问代词或者连接疑问副词＋从句）。
本句型的特点：It的用法和句型5相同，是形式主语，实际主语是由that或者疑问代词或者疑问副词引导的从句。把实际主语放在句尾，就是平衡句子结构。例如：
It has been made clear who will take part in the sports meet.谁将参加运动会已经宣布了。
It has been decided when and where we are to hold the meeting. 我们何时何地举行会议，已经决定了。
7、主语＋被动式谓语＋（介词）＋保留宾语＋（by＋执行者）。例如：
The matter was then reported to every student by telephone.这件事后来用电话报告给每个学生。
Education must be combined with production labor. 教育必须与生产劳动相结合。
Mr. Black was given a prize.布拉克先生得了奖。
8、主语＋被动式谓语＋主语补足语（不定式、现在分词、名词、形容词、介词短语等）＋（其它）。
本句型的特点：在主动句型中，补足语是宾语补足语；但在被动句中，是主语补足语。例如：He was appointed manager of the company.他被任命为公司的经理。
His father was pronounced out of danger by the doctor. 医生已经宣布他的父亲脱离危险状态。Because of his illness, he was not permitted to play cricket.因为他有病，不许他玩板球。
You needn’t have been kept waiting. 你们本来不必等了吗。
I lose my key. The truck had to be broken open.我丢了钥匙，只得把衣箱破开。
9、主语＋被动式谓语＋被动不定式＋其它。
本句型的特点：由于谓语动词是被动，其后的动词不定式也是被动，因此形成双重被动。例如：
Any books and magazines are not permitted to be taken out of the library. 任何书刊不准带出图
书馆。
The chairman in this country is reported to have been murdered the day before yesterday. 据报道这个国家的主席前天被谋杀。
These arms are supposed to have been used by partisans during the Second World War.人们认为这种武器在第二次世界大战中被游击队使用过。
She is said to have been shot in the United States last year.据说去年她在美国被杀害。
使用被动语态时应注意的事项
1、动词be ＋过去分词这个结构，并非都是被动结构。有时是系表结构。两者的区别是：系表结构表示主语的所处的状态或者主语的特点；而被动结构表示动作。例如：
The bowl is broken. 这个碗碎了。（系表结构）
The bowl was broken by my little brother.这个碗是我小弟弟打破的。（被动结构）
The classroom is crowded with students.教室里挤满了学生。（系表示结构）
The students were crowded into the classroom.学生们被塞到教室里。（被动结构）
The teaching building is completed.教学楼已经修好。（系表结构）
The teaching building was completed last month.教学楼是上个月建成的。（被动结构）
4、并非所有的及物动词都能变成被动态，当动词表示某种情况或状态时，而不是表示动作时，就不能用被动结构。常用的动词有：become of 结果成为，遭受，look like看起来象，suit适合，contain 包含，equal 等于，hold容纳，mean意味着，consist of 由……组成等。例如：
I joined the Party in 1978. 我是在1978入党的。
This room can hold 100 people. 这个房间能容纳100人。
This book belongs to me. 这本书属于我的。
5、动词have不论在什么情况下都不能用于被动语态。
I have some English books.我有一些英语书。
We will have a meeting after class.下课之后我们开个会。
We had a wonderful time yesterday.昨天我们玩得很痛快。
6、当及物动词reach, leave , enter，turn 等的宾语是表示地点或者是处所时，只能用主动语态。例如：
I will ring you up as soon as I reach Beijing.一到北京，我就给你打电话。
She left Harbin for Shanghai the day before yesterday.前天她离开哈尔滨去上海了。
7、一般来说，当动词的宾语是动名词或者是不定式时不能变成被动语态。例如：
I hope to do this work by myself. 我希望自己做此工作。
Do you like to do some reading？你喜欢读点书吗？
8、当宾语是主语身体的一部分时，一般来说，不能变成被动语态。例如：
At the bad news, she shook her head sadly. 一听到这个坏消息，他就悲伤地摇了摇头。
You should not have put your hands into your pockets.你本来就不应该把手放在衣袋里。
9、将来进行时和完成进行时没有被动语态。如果遇到这种情况时，可以用一般将来时和现在完成完成时的被动语态来代替。例如：
We have been doing this work for about three hours.
This work has been done by us for about three hours.
我们做此工作一直做了大约三个小时了。
10、一些由动词变来的名词，以—er或者—or结尾时含有主动的意义，而—ee结尾时含有被动的意义。例如：
The employee says hello to the employer every morning.每天早晨雇员向雇主问候。
The payer didn’t believe in the payee.付款人不信任收款人。
2、在动词need，require 和want之后用主动表示被动。如：
The room needs cleaning / to be cleaned.这个房间需要清扫了。
The floor requires washing / to be washed. 地板需要洗刷了。
3、形容词worth之后用主动表示被动。例如：
The book is well worth reading. 这本书很值得一看.
He told Tom’s mother that Tom was not bright and was not worth teaching.他告诉汤姆的母亲,汤姆不聪明,不值得一教。
1.连系动词(如look, sound, smell, feel, taste, prove等)要用主动表被动，因为连系动
词为不及物动词，它们没有被动语态形式。如：
The building looks very beautiful. 这座建筑看上去很美。
Your idea proved to be wrong. 你的想法证实是错的。
2.当open, close, shut, lock, move, read, wash, clean, cook, cut, wear, carry 等用作
不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时，通常用主动形式表示被动意义：
The door won’t shut. 这门关不上。
The book sells quickly. 这书销售得快。
3.有的动词本身含有被动意味，通常用主动形式来表示被动含义。如：
Her coat caught on the nail. 她的大衣被钉子钩住了。
Her eyes filled with tears. 她眼睛里充满了眼泪。
4.不定式to blame, to let 用作表语时，通常要用主动表被动。如：
Who is to blame? 该怪谁呢？
The house is to let. 此屋出租(from https://www.doczj.com/doc/257122118.html,)。
5.某些“be+形容词+to do”结构中的不定式通常要用主动形式表示被动意义。如：
The book is difficult to understand. 这书很难懂。
The music isn’t pleasant to listen to. 这音乐不好听。
The picture is interesting to look at. 这幅画看起来挺有趣的。
注：这类结构的特点是句子主语就是其后不定式的逻辑宾语，按理说其中的不定式要用
被动形式，但习惯上却要用主动表被动。这类形容词常见的有convenient, dangerous, diffic
ult, easy, hard, impossible, interesting, nice, pleasant, safe, tough, tricky, unpleasant 等。
6.不定式用于某些动词(如have, have got, get, want, need等)的宾语后作定语时，如果
不定式的逻辑主语就是句子的主语，通常用主动形式表示被动意义。如：
Do you have time to help us? 你有时间帮助我们吗?
I have some clothes to wash. 我有一些衣服要洗。
I want something to drink. 我想喝点什么(from https://www.doczj.com/doc/257122118.html,)。
注：若不定式的逻辑主语不是句子的主语，则应用被动式，比较：
I have something to type. 我有些东西要打(字)。(指自己打字)
I have something to be typed. 我有些东西要打(字)。(指请人打字)
7.在too…to do sth 和…enough to do sth这两个结构中，若句子主语与其后不定式为to do sth被动关系，则该不定式通常用主动形式表示被动意义(有时也可直接用被动式)。如：
The writing is too faint to read. 这笔迹太模糊，看不清。
These boxes are not strong enough to use [to be used] as a platform. 这些箱子不够牢，不能用作站台。
8.be worth 后的动名词要用主动表被动。如：
This movie is worth seeing. 这部影片值得一看。
She’s not worth getting angry with. 犯不上跟她生气(from https://www.doczj.com/doc/257122118.html,)。
注：与worth相似的worthy却不一样，其后不接动名词而接不定式(若接动名词则其前应有介词of)，且要用被动式表示被动含义：
This book is worthy to be read [of being read]. 这本书值得一读。
9.在need, want, require等少数表示“需要”的动词后的动名词用主动形式表示被动意义。如：
The house needs cleaning. 房子需要打扫了。
These children require looking after. 这些孩子需要照看。
This wall requires repairing. 这面墙需要修理了。
注：该结构中的动名词改用不定式则要用被动式表被动。如：
The house needs to be cleaned. 房子需要打扫了。
These children require to be looked after. 这些孩子需要照看。
被动语态各种时态构成表： TENSE 主动语态 active voice 被动语态 passive voice 一般现在时Simple present do does am is + done are 一般过去时Simple past did was done were 一般将来时Simple future will do will be done
shall shall 现在进行时Present continuous am is doing are am is being done are 过去进行时Past continuous was doing were was being done were 将来进行时Future continuous will be doing shall will be being done shall 现在完成时Present perfect have done have been done
has has 过去完成时 Past perfect had done had been done 将来完成时Future perfect will have done shall will have been done shall 现在完成进行时have been doing has 情态动词情态动词+do 情态动词+be+done Be have do
一般现、过用be done, be有人称、时、数变 例：１、主动：The children gave the foreign guests a warm welcome. 被动：The foreign guests were given a warm welcome by the children. 孩子们热烈地欢迎外宾。 ２、主动：People regard him as brilliant. 被动：He is regarded as brilliant by people. 人们认为他很有才华。 1、边境发生严重列车事故，二人死亡，十二人受伤。 There was a serious train accident near the border. Two people were killed and twelve were injured.
1. — Clark, your room is really in a mess. It needs ________． — Sorry, mum. I'll do it at once. A. clean B. cleaned C. to clean D. to be cleaned 2. —“Frog”，Mo Yan's latest novel, please! — Sorry, it ________ just now. But it will come out again soon. A. sold out B. is sold out C. has sold out D. was sold out 3. --- Who designed this game? --- It _______ by Tom in 1999. A. is designed B. designs C. was designed D. designed 4. —Do you know Earth Day? —Sure. It in 1970 to tell us to protect our planet. A. sets up B. set up C. is set up D. was set up 5．A lot of trees _____around here every year，and we can enjoy fresher air now． A．were planted B．are planted C．will plant D．are planting 6. Lots of food a nd water _______ Ya’an, Sichuan Province immediately after the earthquake happened. A. were sent B. are sent C. send D. SENT 7. Many buildings in Lushan ____ in the earthquake on April 20th. It will surely be reconstructed(重建) more beautifully. A. have destroyed B. are destroyed C. were destroyed D. are destroying 8. The song reminds me of my old school days as soon as it ______. A. is played B. plays C. will be played D. will play 9. —Excuse me, sir, smoking _________ in the gas station. — Oh, I'm really sorry. A. doesn't allow B. isn't allowed C. aren't allowed 10. —It’s difficult to get to the other side of the river. —I think a bridge _________ over the river. A. should be built B. should build C. will build D. has built 11. —Have you finished your project? —Not yet. I’ll finish it if I _______ ten more minutes. A. give B. am given C. will give D. will be given 12. Each year quite a lot of food ______ around the world. It’s really time for us to do something. A. was wasted B. is wasted C. wasted C. will be wasted 13. Thanks to the internet, different kinds of information ________in a short time. A. can be learned B. has been learned C. can learn D. has learned 14. It is reported that Daimiao Culture Square _______ in Taian next year. A. will be built B. were built C. have built D. will build 15. —You bought a new car! An American car? —No. A Chinese car. It ______ in Taizhou. A. makes B. made C. was made D. will be made 16. Chinese ________ by the largest number of people. A. speaks B. speak C. is spoken 17. With the help of the people around China, many beautiful new buildings _________here and there in the earthquake-hit area in Sichuan.
初中英语被动语态复习 一、被动语态概述 语态是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语的语态共有两种：主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。 被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般说来，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。汉语往往用"被"、"受"、"给"等词来表示被动意义。 如： He opened the door.他打开了这扇门。（主动语态） The door was opened.这扇门被打开了。（被动语态） 二、被动语态的构成 被动语态由"助动词be+及物动词的过去分词"构成。被动语态的时态变化只改变be的形式，过去分词部分不变。疑问式和否定式的变化也如此。 1、被动语态的时态较常见的八种，现以动词clean为例列表说明： 2、被动语态的句式变化： 以一般现在时和动词invite为例，列表说明被动语态的句式变化： 3、含有情态动词的被动语态 情态动词的被动语态结构为：情态动词+be+过去分词；其时态及句型的变化仅由情态动词完成，"be+过去分词"部分不变。如： Tables can be made of stone.桌子可由石头制造。 Tables could be made of stone at that time. 那时桌子可由石头制造。（一般过去时）
Can tables be made of stone? 桌子能用石头制造吗？（疑问句） 三、主动语态变为被动语态 转换图示： 1、主动语态变为被动语态的步骤： （1）将主动句的宾语变为主语： 注意：如果主动句的宾语是代词，需将其由宾格变为主格。如： Tom killed him. →He was killed by Tom. （2）将动词改为"be+过去分词"。 注意： They held a meeting yesterday. → A meeting was held by them yesterday. 他们昨天开会了。 （3）将主动语态的主语改为be…放在谓语动词后。 注意：如果原主语是代词，则应由主格变为宾格。 He sang a song. →A song was sung by him. 2、主动语态变为被动语态的注意事项： 含有双宾语，即直接宾语（常指事物）和间接宾语（常指人）的句子，每个宾语都可变为被动语态的主语，即其被动语态有两种形式。但多以间接宾语作主语。 Jack told us the truth.杰克告诉了我们真相。 We were told the truth by Jack. The truth was told (to) us by Jack. 四．被动语态的基本用法 1.需要强调动作的承受者时，用被动语态。 Magazines and newspapers in the reading-room mustn't be taken away. 阅览室的杂志和报纸都不能带走。 2.不知道或者没有必要指出动作的执行者时，应使用被动语态。 He was wounded many times during the Anti--Japanese War. 他在抗日战争期间多次负伤。 The problem has to be dealt with right now. 这个问题必须马上处理。 3.当说话人需要强调客观时，用被动语态。 It is said that the temperature tomorrow will be 40℃. 据说明天的气温将要达到摄氏40度。 It is hoped that they will be successful.
最新被动语态(完整版) 一、单项选择被动语态 1．Louis Cha (金庸) passed away. As for his achievement, there is such a comment, “He ______ the Nobel Prize for Literature with his written works translated into English.” A．could have been rewarded B．must have been rewarded C．should be rewarded D．need have been rewarded 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 考查情态动词+have done用法。句意：金庸去世了，至于他的成就，有这样的评论：他本能获得诺贝尔文学奖用他的被翻译成了英语的著作。A. could have been rewarded本可以被授予；B. must have been rewarded一定被授予；C. should be rewarded应该被授予；D. need have been rewarded本必要被授予。根据语境，A选项正确。 【点睛】 could have done可用于肯定句、疑问句和否定句。用于肯定句既可以表示过去能够做而实际未做，有惋惜、遗憾或委婉批评之意，通常译为“本来可以”“本来能”，也可以表示对过去动作的推测，常可译为“可能（已经)”。本句表达金庸本能获得诺贝尔文学奖，但却没有获得的惋惜。故A选项正确。 2．It is the third time so far that such a festival ________ in my hometown. A．is held B．has been held C．will be held D．had been held 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：考查句式用法。This is the first (second, third…) time +that从句，这是第一（二，三…）次…。一般来说，This is the first (second, third…) time +that从句，这个句式中that从句使用现在完成时，但是这个句子中，so far距今为止，表示现在为止这个节日庆祝活动，还没有举办，要用将来时。故选C。 考点: 考查句式用法 3．(江苏四校第四次考试)The flood has caused a lot of damage to that area and the figures of the missing________shortly. A．will be published B．have been published C．had been published D．are published 【答案】A 【解析】 考查时态。shortly不久，不多时，在句中作时间状语，表示将来，所以空处应该用将来时。句意为：这场洪水给那一地区造成了很大损失，失踪人数很快就会公布。 答案：A
【英语】被动语态(完整版) 一、单项选择被动语态 1．The classroom ________ by students every day. A．cleans B．cleaned C．is cleaned D．is cleaning 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考查时态和被动语态。句意：教室每天都由学生打扫。句子主语The classroom，单数第三人称形式，与谓语动词clean之间是被动关系，再结合every day，可知句子用一般现在时态的被动语态，故选C。 2．The new library ________; it will be open next year. A．had been built B．was built C．was being built D．is being built 【答案】D 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：图书馆正在建设中；明年开放。根据后面一句可推知，图书馆是正在建设中，所以要用进行时，图书馆是被建的，要用被动。所以本句要用现在进行时的被动语态。故选D。 3．Now the world’s attention ________ the stocking markets, as they have great influence on the world’s economy. A．is fixing on B．is being fixed on C．has fixed on D．had been fixed on 【答案】B 【解析】考查时态语态。句意：现在世界关注的焦点都在股票市场上，因为它们对世界经济已经产生了很大的影响。 attention与focus之间为被动关系，Now提示用现在进行时。 4．The plan for Xiongan New Area ______ officially on April 1, 2017. A．announced B．was announced C．announces D．is announced 【答案】B 【解析】考查时态与被动语态。句意：设立雄安新区的计划在2017年4月1日被官方宣布。计划是被官方宣布，故用被动语态；动作发生在过去，故用一般过去时的被动语态。故选B。 5．When I got to his house, I found that the walls _____ . A．are being painted B．are painting C．were being painted D．were painting 【答案】C
英语被动语态用法总结(完整) 一、单项选择被动语态 1．More than one worker ______ dismissed. A．have been B．are C．has been D．has 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考查主谓一致和语态。句意：不止一个工人被解雇了。如果主语由"many a,more than one ＋单数名词"构成，尽管从意义上看是复数，但谓语动词仍用单数形式，故排除A和B，“工人”和“解雇”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，故选C。 2．________sco res of times, but Derek still couldn’t understand how to use past participle in a concrete situation. A．Having explained B．Having been explained C．Though it was explained D．It was explained 【答案】D 【解析】 因为有连词but，前面应是完整的句子，排除A,B; Though不能和but同时使用，所以选D。 3．—Have you heard about that school bus accident? —Yes, fortunately all on board including the driver ________. A．were saved B．was saved C．have saved D．has been saved 【答案】A 【解析】 考查动词时态和语态。句意为：——你有没有听说那起校车事故？——嗯，幸运的是，车上所有的人包括司机都获救了。由题干中的Have you heard...可知，事故发生在过去，且all 为主语，和save逻辑上构成被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，故答案A符合语境。 4．The new library ________; it will be open next year. A．had been built B．was built C．was being built D．is being built 【答案】D 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：图书馆正在建设中；明年开放。根据后面一句可推知，图书馆是正在建设中，所以要用进行时，图书馆是被建的，要用被动。所以本句要用现在进行时的被动语态。故选D。
被动语态各种时态构成表： TENSE被动语态 be\do\does am\is\are+done will+do will be +done am\is\are+doing am\is\are+being+d ①was\were was\were+done 现在完成have\has+done have\has+been+do had+done had+been+done was\were+doing was\were+being+d 情态动词情态动词+do情态动词 一般现、过用be done, be有人称、时、数变 例：１、主动：The children gave the foreign guests a warm welcome. 被动：The foreign guests were given a warm welcome by the children. 孩子们热烈地欢迎外宾。 ２、主动：People regard him as brilliant. 被动：He is regarded as brilliant by people. 人们认为他很有才华。 1、边境发生严重列车事故，二人死亡，十二人受伤。 There was a serious train accident near the border. Two people were killed and twelve were injured.
2、直言不讳的人才是真正诚实的人。 A person who is truly honest is called a straight arrow. 3、有人给讲演者递上来一张纸条。 A note was passed up to the speaker. 4、John被选为班长而代替了亨利。 John was elected president of the class instead of Harry. 5、这位战士牺牲了，然而列车得救了。 The soldier was killed, but the train was saved. 6、他被认为很聪明但不诚实。 He was thought to be clever but dishonest. 7、美国的第一个动物园是1874年建立的。 The first zoological garden in the United States was established in 1874. 8、多数环境污染问题的存在，是因为过去没有采取适当的保护措施。 Most environmental problems exist because adequate measures for preventing them were not taken in the past.
一般现在时：V（含单三） 被动：be P.P = be P.P ●一般过去时及其被动语态 一般过去时：V-ed 被动; be P.P = was/were P.P ●一般将来时及其被动语态 一般将来时：will/shall Vr 被动：be P.P = will/shall be P.P ●现在进行时及其被动语态 现在：V 进行：be V-ing 现在进行时：be V-ing 被动：be P.P = be being P.P
现在：V 完成时：have/has P.P 现在完成时：have/has P.P 被动：be P.P = have/has been P.P ●现在完成进行时及其被动语态 现在：V 完成：have/has P.P 进行：be V-ing 现在完成进行时：have/has been V-ing 被动：be P.P = have/has been being P.P ●过去进行时及其被动语态 过去：V-ed 进行：be V-ing 过去进行时：was/were V-ing 被动：be P.P = was/were being P.P
过去：V-ed 完成：have/has P.P 过去完成时：had P.P 被动：be P.P = had been P.P ●过去完成进行时及其被动语态 过去：V-ed 完成：have/has P.P 进行：be V-ing 过去完成进行时：had been V-ing 被动：be P.P = had been being P.P ●将来进行时及其被动语态 将来：will/shall Vr 进行：be V-ing 将来进行时：will/shall be V-ing 被动：be P.P = will/shall be being P.P
英语被动语态总结与练习 一、被动语态的构成形式 1. 被动语态的基本时态变化 被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由“be＋过去分词”构成，be随时态的变化而变化。以do为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为： 1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits. 2) has /have been done 现在完成时 All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we're ready to start. 3) am/is /are being done 现在进行时 A new cinema is being built here． 4) was/were done 一般过去时I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer. 5) had been done 过去完成时By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing. 6) was/were being done 过去进行时 A meeting was being held when I was there. 7) shall/will be done 一般将来时Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes. 8) should/would be done 过去将来时The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived. 9) shall/will have been done 将来完成时（少用）The project will have been completed before July. 10) should/would have been done 过去将来完成时（少用） He told me that his new clothes would have been made very soon. 2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式 1) 带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：情态动词＋be＋过去分词。 The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter. 2) 有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语。 His mother gave him a present for his birthday. 可改为He was given a present by his mother for his birthday. 3) 当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动。Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette. 可改为The boy was caught smoking a cigarette.
【英语】英语被动语态用法总结(完整) 一、单项选择被动语态 1．The film “Schindler’s List”, was ________ by a real person, named Oskar Schindler A．inspired B．prompted C．rised D．insured 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 考查过去分词。A. inspired鼓舞；B. prompted引起，提示；C. rised上升；D. insured确保。句意：电影《辛德勒的名单》的灵感来自一个真实的人，名叫奥斯卡·辛德勒。结合句意可知此处用被动语态，故答案为A。 2．It is the third time so far that such a festival ________ in my hometown. A．is held B．has been held C．will be held D．had been held 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：考查句式用法。This is the first (second, third…) time +that从句，这是第一（二，三…）次…。一般来说，This is the first (second, third…) time +that从句，这个句式中that从句使用现在完成时，但是这个句子中，so far距今为止，表示现在为止这个节日庆祝活动，还没有举办，要用将来时。故选C。 考点: 考查句式用法 3．The new library ________; it will be open next year. A．had been built B．was built C．was being built D．is being built 【答案】D 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：图书馆正在建设中；明年开放。根据后面一句可推知，图书馆是正在建设中，所以要用进行时，图书馆是被建的，要用被动。所以本句要用现在进行时的被动语态。故选D。 4．The plan for Xiongan New Area ______ officially on April 1, 2017. A．announced B．was announced C．announces D．is announced 【答案】B 【解析】考查时态与被动语态。句意：设立雄安新区的计划在2017年4月1日被官方宣布。计划是被官方宣布，故用被动语态；动作发生在过去，故用一般过去时的被动语态。故选B。 5．Please wear your best clothes on Monday, as your class photos ______ then.
一、语态概述 语态是动词的一种形式,表示句子之中主语和谓语动词的关系.英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态 主动语态表示主语是动作的发出者（或执行者）eg：Many people speak Chinese.谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的. 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,即行为动作的对象.eg：Chinese is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者. 二、被动语态的构成 被动语态由助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词构成.人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的.(被动语态的否定式和疑问式均由助动词或第一个助动词构成.) 各种时态的被动语态构成： 1.一般现在时：am/is/are＋及物动词的过去分词 I'm asked to take care of myself. Football is played all over the world 2.一般过去时：was/were＋及物动词的过去分词 This house was built in 1958. His leg was broken in an accident. 3.一般将来时：will/shall be＋及物动词的过去分词 More factories will be built in our city. He will be taken to hospital tomorrow. 4.现在进行时：am/is/are being＋及物动词的过去分词. A road is being built around the mountain. Many new houses are being built in this city 5.过去进行时：was/were being＋及物动词的过去分词 he meeting was being held when I was there. We were being trained this time last year. 6.现在完成时：have/has been＋及物动词的过去分词 His book has been translated into many foreign languages. The prices of many goods have been cut again . 7.过去完成时：had been + 及物动词的过去分词 A new school had been set up by the end of last year. 8.含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词 The rubbish can be put into the dustbin over there. 三、被动语态的基本用法 一般来说,在我们日常生活中,能用主动语态的时候就尽量不去用被动语态.只有在下列情况中我们才用被动语态：1.不知道动作的执行者是谁. 1).Some new computers were stolen last night.一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了. 2).This bridge was founded in 1981.这座桥竣工于1981年. 3).The front window in the classroom was broken yesterday. 昨天,教室的前窗被打 2.没不要说出动作的执行者是谁. 1).The time-table has been changed .时间表已变动了 2).China was founded in 1949. 3.不愿意说出动作的执行者,其目的是为了使语言得体、圆滑等.在这种情况下,有时常用一些句式,如It is said that…（据说……）,It is reported that …（据报道）,It is well known that（众所周知……）It is supposed that（据推测说, It is believed that…大家相信,It is hoped that…大家希望,It is thought that…大家认为,It is suggested that…据建议等等. It is said that she is going to be married to a foreigner.据说她要嫁给一个外国人. It is said that the boy has passed the national exam. （＝The boy is said to have passed the national exam.） 4.强调动作的承受者,而不强调动作的执行者. 1).The glass was broken by Mike.玻璃杯是迈克打破的. 2).his book was written by him.这本书是他写的. 3).Your homework must be finished on time.你们的家庭作业必须及时完成. 注：使用被动语态的情况口诀：动作谁做的不知道,谁说出的不必要.接受动作需强调,用被动语态最为妙. 四、主动语态变被动语态的方法： 1.把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语. 2.把谓语变成被动结构(be＋过去分词) (根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数,以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式).
学习好资料欢迎下载 被动语态各种时态构成表： TENSE主动语态被动语态 一般现在时be\do\does am\is\are+done 一般将来时will+do will be +done 现在进行时am\is\are+doing am\is\are+being+done 一般过去时① was\were ②did was\were+done 现在完成时have\has+done have\has+been+done 过去完成时had+done had+been+done 过去进行时was\were+doing was\were+being+done 情态动词情态动词 +do情态动词 +be+done 一般现、过用 be done, be有人称、时、数变 例：１、主动： The children gave the foreign guests a warm welcome. 被动： The foreign guests were given a warm welcome by the children. 孩子们热烈地欢迎外宾。 ２、主动： People regard him as brilliant. 被动： He is regarded as brilliant by people. 人们认为他很有才华。 1、边境发生严重列车事故，二人死亡，十二人受伤。 There was a serious train accident near the border. Two people were killed and twelve were injured. 2、直言不讳的人才是真正诚实的人。 A person who is truly honest is called a straight arrow. 3、有人给讲演者递上来一张纸条。 A note was passed up to the speaker. 4、 John被选为班长而代替了亨利。 John was elected president of the class instead of Harry. 5、这位战士牺牲了，然而列车得救了。 The soldier was killed, but the train was saved.
被动语态是动词语态的一种形式,表示主语是动作的承受者。在历年的中考题中,都有一定数量的考查被动语态的题目。因此,在总复习阶段,有必要对被动语态进行系统复习。下面就来介绍被动语态复习的"三步曲",来帮助大家掌握这个语法项目。 第一曲:掌握被动语态的结构 被动语态由"助动词+及物动词的过去分词"构成。不同时态的被动语态的差异主要体现在助动词be的变化上,同时助动词be还要在人称和数上与主语保持一致。现将初中阶段常见的几种时态的被动语态总结如下: 8种常用时态的被动语态 由“助动词be + 动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be 有时态、人称和数的变化。 (1) 一般现在时：am/is/are +过去分词。如： Rice is grown in south China. 华南种植水稻。 (2) 一般过去时：was/were+过去分词。如： The glass was broken yesterday. 这块玻璃是昨天打烂的。 (3) 现在进行时：am/is/are being +过去分词。如： The project is being carried out. 这个计划正在执行中。 (4) 过去进行时：was/were being +过去分词。如： This road was being built this time last year. 这条路去年这个时候还在修建。 (5) 一般将来时：will be +过去分词。如： The cars will be sent abroad by sea. 这些汽车将由水路运往国外。 (6) 过去将来时：would be +过去分词。如： The manager said the project would be completed by the end of the year. 经理说这个工程在年底前将会完成。 (7) 现在完成时：have/has been +过去分词。如： This novel has been translated into several languages. 这本小说已被译成了几种语言。 (8) 过去完在时：had been +过去分词。如： When I got to the theatre, I found the tickets had already been sold out. 我到达剧院时，发现票已卖完了。 （9）含有情态动词的被动语态:情态动词+be+done如: Y our homework must be handed in today. 第二曲:掌握主动语态变被动语态的方法 把主动语态变为被动语态时,应走好以下三步:1)主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语; 2)主动语态的谓语动词由主动语态形式变为被动语态形式; 3)主动结构的主语变为介词by的宾语,组成介词短语,放在被动结构的谓语动词之后。在无须说明动作的执行者或只强调动作的承受者时,by短语可以省略。请看示范: 主动语态:My brother repaired that bike yesterday. 主语谓语动词宾语其余部分 被动语态:That bike was repaired (by my brother) yesterday. 主语谓语动词by+宾语其余部分 在中考题中,对于主动语态变为被动语态方法的考查,主要在句型转换题目中出现。只要能够按照上面介绍的方法去做,一般是能够做对的。 第三曲:注意主动语态变为被动语态的几种特殊句型 1.含有短语动词的被动语态 一般来说,只有及物动词才有被动语态。另外,许多不及物动词加上介词或副词构成的短语动词,相当于及物动词,后面也可加宾语。在变被动语态时,注意不可丢掉后面的介词或副词,
最新英语被动语态用法总结(完整)(1) 一、单项选择被动语态 1．My brother and I have __________her birthday party. A．been invited B．been invited for C．invited to D．been invited to 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 考查语态和固定搭配。句意：我哥哥和我被邀请参加她的生日聚会。My brother and I与invite之间是被动关系，invite sb to somewhere表示“邀请某人去某地”，故D项正确。 2．—Are we about to having dinner? —Yes, it ________ in the dining room. A．serve B．is serving C．is being served D．has been serving 【答案】C 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：——我们准备去吃饭吗？——是的，饭菜正在餐厅被供应。it是指饭菜，和动作serve之间是被动关系，且动作正在进行，四个选项中只有C项是现在进行时的被动语态，故选C。 3．The affairs of each country should be by its own people. A．elected B．settled C．developed D．contained 【答案】B 【解析】考查动词。句意为：各国事务应由自己国家的人们解决。由句意可知，选settle，意为“解决”。elect选举；develop 发展；contain 包含，控制。故选B。 4．The new library ________; it will be open next year. A．had been built B．was built C．was being built D．is being built 【答案】D 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：图书馆正在建设中；明年开放。根据后面一句可推知，图书馆是正在建设中，所以要用进行时，图书馆是被建的，要用被动。所以本句要用现在进行时的被动语态。故选D。 5．—Do you know why a meeting by the middle school teachers last Sunday? —To demand smaller classes of no more than 25 to 30 students in each class. A．was held B．had been held C．has held D．held