一,现在进行时
Ⅰ现在进行时的用法表示现在(说话瞬间)正在进行或发生的动作
Ⅱ现在进行时时间状语及标志性词
now 现在look 看(后面有明显的“!”)
listen 听(后面有明显的“!”)
Ⅲ现在分词的构成
①一般在动词结尾处加ing go—going look--looking
②以不发音字母e结尾的动词,去e加ing。write—writing
③以重读闭音节结尾的动词,如果末尾只有一个辅音字母,应先双写这个字母,再加ing. get—getting run—running ( swim, run, put, get, sit, begin)
Ⅳ现在进行时的构成
肯定句: 主语+ am/is/are+ doing +其他+时状.
Eg: He is doing his homework now.
否定句:主语+am/is/are +not+ doing+其他+时状.
Eg: He is not doing his homework now.
一般疑问句:Am/Is/Are +主语+ doing+其他+时状?
Eg: Is he doing his homework now?
肯定回答:Yes,主语+am/is/are Eg Yes, he is.
否定回答:No, 主语+am not/isn’t/aren’t Eg: No, he isn’t.
二,一般过去时
表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态,通常与过去的时间状语连用:
yesterday ,last week(month,year), in 1990
(1)系动词be的过去时: am(is) →was, are →were
陈述句:He was at home yesterday.
否定句:He wasn’t at home yesterday.
疑问句:Was he at home yesterday?
Yes ,he was./No ,he wasn’t.
(2)行为动词的一般过去时:
陈述句:主语+动词过去式+其它
I go to the movie. →I went to the movie.
否定句:主语+助动词didn’t+动词原形+其
I don’t go to school today. →I didn’t go to school.
一般疑问句:Did +主语+动词原形+其它
Do you have breakfast? →Did you have breakfast?
Yes, I do. /No, I don’t. Yes, I did. /No, I didn’t.
(3)规则动词的过去式变化规则变化规则例词
一般在词尾加—ed. play→played
以不发音的e结尾的,只加--d.
like →liked
love →loved
以辅音字母+y 结尾的,变y为i ,再加—ed. study →studied
carry →carried
以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节,先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ed stop →stopped
plan →planned
在英语当中有一部分动词的过去式变化形式是不规则的,这类动词被称为不规则动词。总数大概不过200多个,但是使用频率很高。主要分成三类:
1、第一类不规则动词的三种形式同形,如:
cost cost cost
cut cut cut
hurt hurt hurt
shut shut shut
set set set
注意,有些动词的过去式与过去分词有两中形式,如:
bet bet / betted bet / betted
wed wed / wedded wed / wedded
wet wet / wetted wet / wetted
2》第二类不规则动词的过去式和过去分词同形,如:
bend bent bent
bring brought brought
catch caught caught
hide hid hid / hidden
get got got/ gotten(AmE)
lead led led
3》第三类不规则动词的原形、过去式和过去分词都不相同,如:
原形过去式过去分词
begin began begun
break broke broken
forbid forbade forbidden
grow grew grown
ring rang rung
wake woke / waked woken / waked
此外还有少数不规则动词的过去分词与原形相同,如:
come came come
become became become
run ran run
三,一般现在时:
表示经常性的事情。时间状语:often经常, usually通常, always总是,every每个, sometimes 有时,at…在几点钟,只有第三人称单数用动词三单,其余动词均用原形。
三单变化:
多数在动词后加s play—plays like—likes
以s,x,sh,ch,o结尾的动词加es go—goes wash--washes
以辅音字母加y结尾,把y改i再加es fly—flies
二:基本结构:动词原形(如主语为第三人称单数,动词上要改为第三人称单数形式)三:否定形式:am/is/are+not;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn't,同时还原行为动词。
四:一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首;用助动词do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时,还原行为动词。