状语从句高考考点高考状语从句讲解
语法专题
状语从句
考点归纳
考点一：对when，while，as，since等词的辨析
when，while，as，since在引导时间状语从句时的区别可参见下表：
和从句动词所表示的动作或状态是同时发生的，它引导的从句用延续性动词，若从句中是非延续性动词，不能用while。
表示“一边……一边”的意思时用as或while。
As/While she was cooking she was singing songs、
She sang as she cooked、
当主句谓语动词表示短暂动作，而从句动作可以持续一段时间时，三个连词都可以用。
Tom poke his leg while/when/as he was playing football、注意：
① when也可用作并列连词，其意义为“就在那时，这时”，相当于and at this/that time，常用下列句式中：
We were having a meeting when someone poke in、
We were about to set off on our way，when it suddenly began to rain、
He had just left the room when it rained、
另外when还可表示原因“既然”。
It was foolish of you to take a taxi when you could easily walk there in five minutes、
②while除引导时间状语从句外，还可引导让步或条件状语从句及作并列连词连结两个并列的简单句。如：While he was respected，he was not liked、
There will be life while there is water and air、
He is a worker while I am a doctor、
since引导从句时在主句是现在完成时的条件下，从句若为非延续性动词的一般过去时，表示从该动作的完成时刻算起，因此动词的语法形式与词义一致，是肯定意义；若从句动词为延续性动词的一般过去时，表示动作或状态从最后一次发生到现在。因此其含义与动词的词义恰好相反，具有否定意义，若从句延续性动词用现在完成时，则动词的语法形式与词义一致，是肯定意义。
I haven”t heard from her since she left Beijing、
自从她离开北京后，我从未收到她的信。
I haven”t written to her since she lived in London、
自从她离开伦敦以后，我从未给她写信。
Since I have been at this school we have three headmasters、
自从我到这所学校以来已有过三位校长了。
试比较：
They have never been to see me
since I was ill、
since I have been ill、
考点二：before的用法
before作为连词时的基本意义是“在……之前”，用于表示时间或顺序。如：Turn the light off before you before you speak、但在不同的语境中before有不同的意义：
①before表示“不等……就”；
②before用于before /realize中表示“不知不觉，还没弄清就……”；
③before表示“趁……还没来得及……”；
④before用于it was/will be＋时间＋before句型中表示“过了多久才……”或“没多久就……”。
考点三：考查一些特殊的名词词组或副词引导的时间状语从句一些表示时间的名词词组如：the moment，the minute，the day，the year，every time，next time，副词如immediately，directly，instantly等也可引导时间状语从句。
考点四：till/until的用法
till与until意义相同，多数情况下可换用，但在句首、与not无间隔连用时及在强调中只能用until。在肯定句中，主句谓语动词必须是延续性动词，意为“动作持续到某时间为止”。
He remained there until she arrived、
在否定句中，主句谓语动词应是非延续性动词，意为“动作直到某时才开始”。
He won”t go to bed till/until she returns、
考点五：考查as，since，because，now that等引导的原因状语从句
表原因的as，since，because，now that等的区别可参见下表：
内涵语气能否回位置能否被项目答why 强调 because 直接因果强能主句前能
关系或后
as 双方都知弱不能主句前能
道的原因或后
since/now 或不言自主句前
that 明的原因 if/when 主句前不能
或后
Because he”s too busy，he can”t do it now、
Since he can”t answer the question，you may ask someone else、
Now that it has stopped raining，let”s go at once、
As he was not well，I decided to go without him、
考点六：考查where及wherever引导的地点状语从句
地点状语从句由where或wherever引导，放在主句前、后皆可。where表特指，而wherever表泛指。
Make a mark where you have a question、
Wherever he happens to be，John can make himself at home、注意：
①地点状语从句放于句首时常兼有抽象的条件意味。
Where there is heartfelt cooperation, does it really matter who does what?
只要有真诚的合作，谁干什么又有什么关系呢？
②应区别地点状语从句与定语从句。
Go back where you came from、
Go back to the village where you came from、
考点七：考查条件状语从句引导词的选择
引导条件状语从句的从属连词有if，unless除非，so/as long as，in case，on condition that、、、，provided that、、、/providing that，suppose/supposing等。
You”ll fail the exam unless you study hard、 As long as you don”t lose heart，you will succeed、
I must get well prepared in case he es、
Suppose/Supposing we can”t get there on time，what should I do? I”ll let you use the room on condition that you keep it clean and tidy、
Once they are dirty，certain seas are not able to clean themselves、I”ll go providing/provided that my wages are paid、
注意：
在虚拟语气中不能用unless，只能用if、、、not。
He would have died if the doctor had not saved her、考点八：考查让步状语从句中连词的选择、语序及倒装让步状语从句通常由though，although，as，even
if/though，whoever，whatever，whichever，whenever，wherever，however，no matter how，whether等引导。
He is unhappy though/although he has a lot of money、Although/Though it was raining hard，yet they went on playing football、
He said he would e；he didn”t，though、
Even though/if it is raining，we”ll go there、
Even if I were busy，I would go、
Whether you believe it or not，it is true、
Whateveryou say，he won”t believe you、
Whoeveryou are，you must obey the rule、
注意：
①no matter who/how/when/where/which/what只能引导让步状语从句，此时相当于
whoever/however/whenever/wherever/whichever/whatever；而whoever，whatever，whomever，whichever除引导让步状语从句外，还可引导名词性从句。
You can take whateveryou like、
Whoeverleaves the room last should turn off the lights、
②as引导让步状语从句需倒装
as引导让步状语从句一般放在主句之前，须用倒装语序。从句中的表语、状语或动词原形置于句首。若表语为名词，前置时要省略冠词。
Child as he is，he knows a lot、
＝Though/Although he is a child，he knows a lot、
Much as I like it，I won”t buy it，for I can”t afford it、
Try as he might，he could not find a job、
Smart as/though she was，she studied hard、
考点九：考查目的状语从句引导词的选择
目的状语通常由that，so that，in order that，so，for fear that/in case等引导。从句中谓语部分常含有may/might，
can/could，should或will等情态动词，且通常主句在前，从句在后，主从句间无需逗号连结。
We”ll sit near the front sowe can hear better、
Mother got up early so that/in order that she might catch the early bus、
＝Mother got up early in order that she might catch the early bus、＝Mother got up so early as to catch the early bus、＝In order tocatch the early bus，、、、Take your raincoat in case it rains、
He wrote the name down for fear that he should forget it、
考点：考查结果状语从句的结构形式及倒装语序
引导结果状语从句的从属连词有so that，so、、、that、、、，such、、、that、、、等。在非正式语体中，so、、、that、、、及such、、、that、、、中that可省略。通常主从句间有逗号，且从句中不能用could等情态动词。
Mike is such an honest/so honest a worker that we all believe him、
It”s such fine weather that we all want to go to the park、
He earned so little money that he couldn”t support his family、It”s not surprising that such littleworms eat so littlegrain、
Tom studied hard so that he passed the exams、
What have I done thatyou should be so angry with me? 注意：
①表示数量关系时只能用so many/few/little/much。
②such＋形容词＋复数名词形式/不可数名词＋that从句是学习的难点。
③有一些不定式短语，如too、、、to、、、，enough to、、、，so、、、as to、、、等也可表示结果。
④当so或such放于句首时，主句要用倒装语序。
So badly was he injured that he had to go to hospital、
考点一：考查比较状语从句的用法
比较状语从句常由as、、、as，not as、、、as，than，the more、、、the more、、、等引导。
His pother is as handsome as he is、
The film was not so good as I had expected、
I play tennis as well as him/he does、
The more you study，the more you will know、
The less she worried，the better she worked、
注意：
①as、、、as只能修饰形容词或副词的原级，用于否定句时第一个as可换为so、
②than和as、、、as后的比较部分常是省略句。
③the more、、、the more、、、是倒装句，前面是比较状语从句，后面是主句。
④应注意从句中比较的内容应一致。
The weather here is hotter than thatin your hometown、
不能说：The weather here is hotter than your hometown、
考点二：考查方式状语从句的用法
方式状语从句通常由as，as if/though等词引导，它放于主句之后。其中as if/though引导的从句一般用虚拟语气，但如果从句中陈述的情况很可能实现，也可以用陈述语气。
You must do the exercises as I show you、
He walked slowly as if/though he had hurt his leg、 I feel as if I have a fever、
解题技巧
1、分清楚题干中主句从句的情景结构
考,例Yes，I gave it to her________I saw her、
A、 while
B、 the moment
C、 suddenly
D、 once
答案与解析：B the moment作连词，表示“一……就……”，相当于“as soon as、、、”的含义。根据句意，只能选B。while 所引导的句子中的谓语动词必须是延续性的。
2、注意句子结构的省略及简化，尤其是注意一些附加的成分考,例________the window，my finger was seriously cut、
A、 Having cleaned
B、 To clean
C、 While cleaning
D、 While I was cleaning
答案与解析：D 由于主句的主语是my finger，所以排除
A、C两项；B项为不定式表示目的；只有D项是正确选项，拥有从句自己的主语I。
3、要对一些句子句型做适当的转化
考,例No，and we found________only two of them that were frozen to death、
A、 when; it were
B、 until; /
C、 as; there was
D、 before; it was
答案与解析：D 此题只要确定任何一空的答案，都可以确定整句的答案。句意：你的羊群在你们追上之前没走太远吧？没有，我们发现只有两只羊被冻死了。“、、、it was、、、that、、、”为强调句结构。
错解分析
1、易混词语区分不清
考,例I do every single bit of housework________my husband Bob
just does the dishes now and then、
A、 since
B、 while
C、 when
D、 as
答案与解析：B 可根据连词的不同含义来解题。while有“当……的时候、而、虽然……但是”等不同含义。它在这里为“而”的意思，表对比。
错因分析：注意while，when和as的区别。
2〃语境理解错误
考,例________you call me to say you”re not ing，
I”ll see you at the theatre、
A、 Though
B、 Whether
D、 Unless
答案与解析：D 可根据连词的不同含义以及结合语境来解题。unless有“除非，如果不”的意思。它在这里为“如果不”的意思。
错因分析：易错选B项。whether虽然可以引导让步状语从句，但它一般要与or not搭配，表示“不论是否”的意思。如：Whether we can find the necessary tools or not，we”ll go on with the work、不论我们能否找到所需的工具，我们要把这件工作做下去。
考题对接
Ⅰ、高考题
1〃It just isn”t fair：________I was working as a waiter last month, my friends were lying on the beach、A〃whenever
B、though
C〃for
D、while
答案与解析：D 句意：这真不公平。我上个月在做服务员，而我的朋友却躺在海滩上。前后分句是对比关系。四个选项中只有连词while有这种用法。
2〃________it doesn”t rain、
B、While
C〃Once
D、If
答案与解析：D if“如果；假如”。句意：我们明天去野餐吗？如果天不下雨的话。
3〃You may use the room as you like ________you clean it up afterwards、
A〃so far as
B、so long as
C〃in case
D、even if
答案与解析：B 句意：只要你过后把房间打扫干净，就可以按
照你喜欢的方式使用房间。so far as或as far as意为“与……距离相等”；so long as或as long as意为“只要”； in case意为“以防”；even if或even though意为“即使”；故B 项合适。
4〃All the dishes in this menu, ________otherwise stated, will serve two to three people、
A〃as
B、if
D、unless
答案与解析：D 句意：除非另有说明，本菜单上的菜将供2到3人食用。as“因为……，尽管……，当……的时候”等；if“如果……”；though“虽然……然而”；unless“除非……”。根据语境，选项D合适。
5〃The little girl who got lost decided to
remain________she was and waited for her mother、A〃where
B、what
C〃how
D、who
答案与解析：A remain是不及物动词，where引导地点状语从句。句意：那个迷路的小女孩决定呆在原地等她妈妈。
6〃________unemployment and crimes are high, it can be assumed that the latter is due to the former、A〃Before
B、Where
C〃Unless
D、Until
答案与解析：B 根据语境知道，第一分句是一个地点状语从句，只能用where引导。
7〃________the police thought he was the most likely one, since they had no exact proof about it, they could not arrest him、
A〃Although
B、As long as
C〃If only
D、As soon as
答案与解析：A although意为“虽然，尽管”；as long as 意为“如果，只要”；if only意为“要是……就好了”；as soon as意为“一……就……”。根据句意选择A项。
8〃Peter was so excited________he received an invitation from his friend to visit Chongqing、A〃where
B、that
C〃why
D、when
答案与解析：D 句意：当Peter的朋友邀请他来重庆时，他很是兴奋。此题考查状语从句，只有when引导的时间状语从句符合题意。
9〃Unsatisfied________with the payment, he took the job just to get some work experience、
A〃though was he
B、though he was
C〃he was though
D、was he though
答案与解析：B 句意：尽管对工资不满意，但为了获得工作经验，他还是接受了这份工作。本题考查though引导状语从句可用倒装的形式，即从句中的表语、状语或动词原形置于句首，但主谓顺序不变。though引导的从句也可以不倒装，前半句可写为：Though he was unsatisfied with the payment。as引导状语从句时必须将从句中的表语、状语或动词原形置于句首，若表语是名词，前置时要省略冠词。如：Child as he is, he has had a good knowledge of two languages、尽管他还小，但他已掌握了两门语言。
10〃The medicine works more effectively ________you drink some hot water after taking it、
A〃as
B、until
C〃although
D、if
答案与解析：D 句意：如果你在服药后喝些热水，这种药能更有效地发挥作用。if引导条件状语从句，意为“如果”。as意为“当……时，因为”；until意为“到……为止，在……以前”；although意为“尽管，虽然”。
Ⅱ、模拟题
1〃Sorry, ________ I take pictures, they usually e out dull、
B、until
C〃when
D、since
答案与解析：C 由句中sorry知其婉拒对方的提议。在此说明原因：我拍的照片洗出来都很模糊。由此知when贴题意。而since也可引导原因状语从句，但其意为“由于；既然”，不合语境，故选C项。
2〃Nowadays for many people a winter vacation simply doesn”t count ________ it in cludes several days on the ski run、
A、unless
B、until
C〃once
D、though
答案与解析：A 句意：现在对很多人而言，要是不痛快地滑几次雪，冬天的度假就不算数。unless“除非”；until“直到”；once“一旦”；though“尽管”。综上选A项。
3〃A pilliant idea occurred to him, ________ to his research in the lab、
A〃while devoting
B、while devoting himself
C〃while he was devoted
D、while devoted
答案与解析：C 在状语从句中，如果从句的主语与主句主语一致，且从句中含有be动词，则可省略从句的主语和be，只保留be后面的分词或形容词。但根据句子知主、从句主语不一致，所以不能用省略形式。再解对此题的另一方面要熟悉短语be devoted to及devote oneself to，都表示“致力于”。
4〃________ hungry I am, I never seem to be able to finish off this loaf of pead、
A〃Whatever
B、Whenever
C〃Wherever
D、However
答案与解析：D 由句意知本句缺少一个引导让步状语从句的连接词。由句中的hungry知要选一个表示程度的连接副词，表示“无论多么”，故选D项。whatever为形容词性的连接词，其后加名词，“无论什么”；whenever“无论何时”；wherever“无论哪里”。
5〃There are three persons waiting ahead of you、Please be seated ________ your number is called、
A〃while
B、after
C〃since
D、until
答案与解析：D 句意：你坐在这里等着，直到叫到你的号。until作为连词，用于肯定句中，与延续性动词连用，意为“直到……”。其他几项不合题意，故选D项。
6〃Not ________ he has finished his paper、
A、since
B、once
C〃when
D、unless
答案与解析：D unless“除非”；since“既然；由于”；once“一旦”；when“当……时候”。由句意知除非他先完成作业，否则不带他去听音乐会。故选D项。
7〃________ governments, universities and research institutes only have a limited budget to do fieldwork, people whose hobby is to study botany devote a great deal of money and time to it、
B、Unless
C〃While
D、For