高中英语阅读技巧及专题训练（含答案）
一、题型知识
短文的体裁涉及记叙文、说明文、议论文和应用文等；题材涉及政治、经济、历史、地理、文化、教育、新闻报道、人物故事、科技信息、海外风情等；每段短文后一般设计4 道试题，最多的有5 道题，最少的设计 3 道题。纵观历年高考英语试题，英语阅读理解主要从以下5 个方面来考查考生的英语阅读理解能力：
1. 事实细节题。这类题主要考查考生对英语文章事实细节的掌握情况。它又分为两种情况：一是词语细节类，其答案几乎可以直接从原文中找出来，考生只要根据题干中的关键词与原文进行对照，就能找到答案；二是隐含细节类，这类题虽然不能直接从原文中的找到对应的词或短语，但考生可以根据文章的隐含意义，如原因、前提或结果等仔细推敲出答案来。
细节类试题的提问方式很多而且灵活，提问的对象涉及短文中的时间、距离、数量或原因、结果、方式等具体的细节，有的需要先进行计算才能得出答案，有的先要找出文章的相应部分才能得出答案，也有的要把文章中所有的相关细节全部找出来才能得出答案。常用的提问句型有：
What does the author say in…?
According to the passage, where / when / why / how / who…?
What is the reason for…?
Which of the following is (NOT) true?
Which of the following is (NOT) mentioned?
The writer mentioned all of the following EXCEPT…
2. 推理判断题。这类题不仅考查考生对文章中某些句子字面意思的理解，而且还考查对句子间逻辑关系的理解、对事物发展结果的推导。这方面的出题多、难度大，考生可得小心。其提问的常用方式有：
What does the author think about…?
What can be inferred / concluded from…?
What do you think…according to the passage?
According to the writer, which of the following is right?
3. 词义猜测题和语义理解题。这类题主要考查考生对英语文章中生词的解释意义、代词的指代意义及短语或句子的含义。其常见的提问方式有：
What does the writer mean by saying “…”?
What does the word / phrase“…”in Paragraph…mean?
Which of the following can replace the word / phrase “…”in Paragraph…?
From the passage we can infer that the word / phrase “…”is…
4. 主旨大意题。这类题主要考查考生对文章中心思想、段落大意的归纳、总结及概括能力。其提问的方式常有：The title of this passage should be…
Which of the following can be the title of this passage?
What is the main idea of this passage?
What does the writer mainly tell us in this passage?
5. 观点态度题。这类题主要考查考生对作者在文章中所表露出来的观点、感情、态度、目的、意图的理解。考生要能够从文章的用词、语气或对某个细节的陈述来推断作者的态度、观点等。其提问的常见方式有：
What is the opinion of the writer in this passage?
What is the writer’s attitude towards…?
What does the writer think…?
What is the purpose of the writer in this passage?
二、词汇知识
词汇是语言的重要组成部分，是进行阅读的基础。因此，考生首先要掌握必要的英语词汇：新课标对高中毕业的词汇要求是：运用词汇阅读理解和表达不同的功能、意图和态度等；运用词汇描述比较复杂的事物、行为和特征，说明概念等；学会使用3,000 个单词和400～500 个习惯用语和固定搭配。新课标词汇表共收集英语词汇3,300 个，短语360 个。
其次，不仅要熟悉这些单词常见的词性和基本意义，而且还要了解单词的转类及引申意义。如果考生只知道question 和head 分别作名词，基本意思分别是“问题”和“头，脑袋”。那么对句子Father questioned his daughter where she was heading when he saw her 中question 和head 就不能理解，从而造成句子理解错误。
最后，还要了解词缀的意义、认识常见的首字母缩略词。当我们认识like 时，就要知道dislike 和unlike 的词性和意义区别；在认识able 后，也要了解disable 和unable 词性和意义的不同。如果把He is unable to get here today
理解为“他今天到这里时残疾了”就大错特错了。因此，正确掌握词汇知识，是正确理解的保证。
三、语法知识
英语跟汉语不一样，英语的语法形式表示着重要的意义。如果对语法形式理解错误，势必引起对句子的理解错误，因此，考生在阅读理解中必须注意以下几点：
1. 冠词的有无：一般说来，可数单数名词前须加冠词，而不可数名词、专有名词前通常不能加冠词。有些名词前加冠词和不加冠词意义不同，如：go to church 与go to the church，前者指“去做礼拜”，而后者指“去教堂”；word 和 a word，前者意思为“信息，消息”，后者意思是“一个单词，一句话”。因此，在阅读中不能忽视冠词的有无。
2. 名词的数：可数名词的数量超过“一”时，名词要用复数形式。然而，有些可数名词的单复数形式的意义不一样，不可数名词转为可数名词的复数时，意义也不相同。如：(a) manner与manners，前者指“风格，手法”，后者指“礼貌”；rain 与rains，前者指“雨水”，而后者指“一阵阵的雨”。
3. 代词的意义：代词指代人、事或物，但是在具体的语境中，究竟指代什么呢？考生不可掉以轻心，而应该根据上下文来弄清楚它的意义。如果把句子She gave me an interesting book yesterday, which is written by E.E. Cummings 中的which 理解为指yesterday或前面整个句子的内容，显然就不正确
4. 动词的时态、语态和语气：英语阅读中必须特别注意文章中的时态、语态和语气，因为，它们的形式分别代表着特别的意义。如I didn’t know English 就说明“我”过去不懂英语，言外之意，现在对英语已经略知一二；如句子If I had been told about this, I wouldn’t have done such a foolish thing 为虚拟语气，内容与事实相反，说明“原来没有人告诉我这件事，于是我做了一件如此愚蠢的事情”。
5. 情态动词的意义：情态动词虽然不能单独充当句子的成分，但是决不能小看。它们在不同的语境中所表示的意义有区别。如：He must have gone to bed, for the lights in his house are all off 中的must 只能是表示推测，说明自己一个人的看法；而在She is very rebellious. When her father tells her to do something in this way, she must do it in another way 中，must 又表示“于说话人愿望相反和不耐烦”，意思是“偏要，偏偏”。
6. 非谓语动词的意义：非谓语动词非常复杂，阅读理解中，更要小心。如不定式和动词的-ing 形式都能表结果，而不定式只能表示一种意外的结果；而动词的-ing 形式表示事物发展的正常的结果。在与谓语动词的关系上，不定式所表示的动作一般发生在谓语动作之后；动词的-ing 形式表示的动作与谓语动作同时发生或发生在谓语动词的动作之前；而-ed的形式则表示在谓语动作之前。
7. 形容词、副词的理解：
(1) 注意形容词与副词同形情况的理解。英语中有些词既可作形容词又可作副词，但在句子中的意义和作用不一样，在阅读理解过程中必须注意。如：close 作形容词时，意思是“亲密的，紧密的”；作副词时，意思是“靠近，接近”。hard 作形容词时，意思是“坚硬的，猛烈的”；作副词时，意思是“努力地，使劲地”。
(2) 注意形容词、副词的级的理解。形容词、副词的级有时并不表示级的意义，在阅读理解中也应留心。如：no more than 意为“仅，只”，相当于only；not more than 意为“至多”，相当于at most；在“a most + adj. / adv. + n.”结构中，most 意为“非常”，相当于very 等。
(3) 注意对词尾有无-ly 的形容词、副词的理解。一般说来，有-ly 的是副词，但是，lovely, lively, friendly, manly 等都是形容词；有时，不管词尾有无-ly，它都是副词，只不过有-ly时，修饰抽象概念，无-ly 时，修饰具体的概念，如：high 与highly，deep 与deeply 等；而hard 和hardly都是副词，意思却完全不同，前者表示“激烈，猛烈；努力”，后者的意思是“几乎不”，相当于almost not。
8. 介词的理解：英语中介词是由古英语中的动词演变而来，不同的介词跟某个名词搭配，有不同的意思。如in school 与at school，前者表示“(在)受教育”，后者意思是“在学校读书，学习”；in the sun 的意思是“在太阳底下，在阳光下”，under the sun 的意思是“天下，世界上；到底；究竟”等。在做阅读理解的过程中可不要搞混了。
9. 连接词、引导词的作用：连接词、引导词不仅连接句子，也表示前后两句的某种关系。如but 连接两个句子时，表示后面句子跟前面句子的意思相反；while 连接两个句子时，表示前后两个句子的对比；for 连接句子时，只能放在前一句的后面，补充说明前面句子所发生事情的原因；because 引导原因状语从句，表示事情发生的原因，句子的位置非常灵活；而since, as 引导状语从句，位于句首时，也可表示事情发生的原因等等，考生在英语阅读中都要注意。
10. 句子结构。从一个句子中所含的主谓结构的多少来看，英语中句子分为简单句和复合句；从句子的功能来看，英语句子分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句；从句子的结构来看，英语句子可以分为正常语序句、倒装句、强调句、省略句等。
四、文体及结构知识
高考中的英语阅读短文的文件一般有4 种，即记叙文、说明文、议论文和应用文。在写法上它们都有各自的写作方法和结构特点。
1. 记叙文：记叙文又分为3 类：记事文、记人文和景物描写文。
记事文。这类文章首先一般要交代一件事情发生的时间(when)、地点(where)、人物(who)、事件(what)，然后再进行分析这件事情发生的原因(why)及发生的过程(how)。因此，对于这类文章，我们只要抓住了这五个“W”和一个“H”就行了。记人文，即人物传记。这类文章一般是采用倒述的写作方法，即首先用几句话来简单介绍这个人，接着介绍这个人的出生、成长过程，然后再记述他(她)所干的一两件主要的事情或业绩，来反映他(她)的思想、品德和情操，最后是作者对他(她)的评论，从而表达作者对他(她)的感情。景物描写文。一般用来记述在某时、某地所见的事物及心里面的感受。这类文章一般按照时间或空间的顺序来记述，并且有时还夹插作者心里面的想法和感受。它好似我们中文中的散文，从表面上来看，没有中心或主题，只有通读全文后，仔细思考、归纳总结才会找出主题或中心来，从而进一步看清作者的目的、意图及心情。
2. 说明文：说明文通常是用来对事物的情况进行描绘或对某种观点、理论进行解释，从而使人们明白事理或掌握某种方法技巧。在文章中，作者一般是首先提出一个要说明的对象，然后从时间先后、空间顺序、用途、方法、手段、事例或进行的步骤等各方面进行描绘或解释。
3. 议论文：议论文就是用来对人或事物的好坏、是非发表意见和看法。作者总是先提出一个论点，接着对这个论点进行正反分析，逻辑推理或列举事例加以论证，然后得出结论。它一般分为立论和驳论两种，在立论中，摆事实、讲道理，论证其观点的可行性、正确性；在驳论中，作者首先提出一个不正确的论点，然后用事实、道理对它逐点进行驳斥，来证明它是错误的、行不通的，再得出正确的结论。
4. 应用文：应用文是日常生活中用来传播信息的一种文体。这类文章除用文字外，有的用图形，有的用表格。如：通知、广告、海报、书信、启事、便条、收据、借条和物品说明书等。这类文章有3 个显著的特点：一是词汇较偏僻；二是语言也不规范；三是句子结构不完整，阅读起来的确困难。但是，它们一般属于应用文，告诉人们消息、方法、途径等内容。
五、文化背景知识
文化背景包括政治、经济、社会、科学技术、天气情况、地理环境、人物的性格特点及知识水平等各个方面。如果背景知识丰富，阅读起来轻而易举；如果背景知识贫乏，阅读起来就感到困难，甚至理解不了。例如让同学们阅读一篇关于“水门汀事件”或“伊朗门事件”方面的英语文章，如果同学们对这两件事情的背景不清楚，阅读起来就会摸不着头脑。由此可见，文化背景知识是进行阅读理解的助手，考生一定要注意平时的积累。
六、生活经验常识
阅读理解的能力一般随着生活经验的丰富而不断提高。例如由于小孩还没有成年人的知识和经验，他们还看不懂成年人的文章，他们自然也就不喜欢成年人的读物；人们对于自己所经历的事情一看就能明白，读起来也就有兴趣，而对于陌生领域的文章就感到困难。因此，同学们在平时要多积累生活经验。
七、习语及固定搭配知识
每一种语言都有自己的习惯用语和固定搭配。一般情况下，这些用语和固定搭配是不能单从字面上来理解的，英语也是如此。如eat one’s words的意思并不是“食言，说话不算数”而是“收回前言，为说错话而道歉”；break one’s words 的意思才是“食言，失言”。又如，如果把have words with sb理解为“跟某人谈话”，那么就错了，它的意思是“跟某人吵嘴”；而have a word / talk with sb 的意思才是“跟某人谈话”。因此，这就要求同学们在平日的英语学习中必须进行广泛的阅读，积累、掌握英语中的习语及固定搭配。
八、学科综合知识
高考英语阅读理解方面的短文不仅包括社会生活、政治经济、文化教育各方面的知识，而且也包括历史、地理、物理、化学、生物、电脑技术、音乐、美术等各学科方面的知识。如果某学科的知识贫乏，势必会影响对这方面的短文的理解。因此，学好各学科的知识，对各学科知识的综合运用，是提高英语阅读理解能力的有效途径。
A
Once upon a time，there were two sheep. One was a small sheep，so small. It has a soft voice—baa！The other was a big sheep，so big. It has a loud voice—BAA！The two sheep are brothers. Every day，Big Sheep and Small Sheep would go out to the fields to play together and to look for grass to eat. One morning，as always，the two sheep went out. Big Sheep and Small Sheep gambolled（跳跃）out to the fields to look for grass to eat. Now it has not been raining for many days and
most of the grass had dried up. Big Sheep and Small Sheep gambolled for a long time but they could not find any green grass to eat. Their feet were tired and they could no longer gambol. So they walked. They walked and walked from morning until afternoon but there were no green grass. As far as they could see all the green grass had become brown. The sun was getting hotter. Big Sheep and Small Sheep were tired，hungry and thirsty. But they continued walking and soon they came to a river. They lowered their heads and lapped up some water with their tongues. When Big Sheep lifted his head，he saw a small green patch under a tree. He gambolled over to the tree. It was a patch of green grass.“BAA，BAA！”he shouted to Small Sheep to come over. Both Big Sheep and Small Sheep were very excited. But the small patch of grass was a very small patch. It was just enough for one sheep. What should they do？Who should eat the small batch of green grass？“BAA，BAA！Go ahead and eat it. I am not very hungry.”said Big Sheep and he began to move away. “Baa！Let us share the green grass” said Small Sheep. So Big Sheep and Small Sheep shared the small patch of small grass. They were very gay and they gambolled all the way home.
1. What should be the best title for the passage？
A. Big Sheep and his grass
B. Sharing with one another
C. Sheep like grass
D. Looking for grass
2. What can we learn from last sentence in the second paragraph？
A. It has rained for long.
B. The grass is dry.
C. The two sheep like to eat dry grass.
D. It is hard for the two sheep to find green grass.
3. What did the two sheep do when coming to a river？
A. They had a good rest and went home.
B. They got tired and slept.
C. They lowered their heads and drank some water.
D. They ate some brown grass.
4. What did Big Sheep do when he found the green grass？
A. He asked Small Sheep to eat the green grass by excusing that he was not hungry.
B. He asked Small Sheep to share the green grass.
C. He ate the green grass by himself.
D. He told Small Sheep to take the green grass home.
5. What does the underlined word “gay”mean in the last paragraph？
A. envious
B. sad
C. happy
D. bitter
B
It was indeed an exciting news on the mountain. The tortoise（乌龟）and the hare（野兔）were going to have another race，and they had asked the most authoritative yellow ox to be their judge this time. Years ago，when the tortoise and the
hare held their first race，because the hare run so fast that he was far ahead of the tortoise，the hare took a rest on the midway and unexpectedly overslept. When the hare woke up，he was surprised to find that the tortoise had already reached the destination. The hare was judged a loser. Losing to a slow crawling tortoise was the hare‘s biggest shame in his life and he was often laughed at by all the other animals on the mountain. The hare swore that he would wipe out the disgrace someday. On the eve of race，in order to keep enough energy not to need a rest on the midway again，the hare specially went to bed much earlier than usual. The next morning，the hare arrived at the place of race very early. Soon，the tortoise also slowly crawled over. Under the watching of many guest animals，the yellow ox gave an order to start，then the hare immediately rushed forward. As the hare had enough sleep the night before，he hoped to reach the destination much earlier to surprise everyone，so he ran just as fast as the flight of an arrow. Suddenly he discovered that he was chased by the highway patrolman deer. The deer caught up with him and said coldly：“You are speeding.”Then he quickly took the hare to the expressway patrol office. When the hare was set free next morning，the race judge yellow ox told him that the tortoise had reached the destination last night，therefore，the hare once again lost the race to the tortoise. The stupid hare never understood that while he went to bed earlier the night before，the tortoise and the deer had a big dinner and the tortoise paid the bill.
1. The yellow ox was asked to be the judge because he was considered___________.
A. hardworking
B. clever
C. modest
D. fair
2. When the hare was told he once again lost the race to the tortoise，he would probably feel_________.
A. unexpected
B. shameful
C. angry
D. ridiculous
3. We can learned from the passage that___________.
A. the tortoise is as strong-minded as before
B. the hare is as proud as before
C. the tortoise can adapt himself to the times
D. the tortoise has bought off the deer
4. The most suitable title would be ___________ .
A. a race between tortoise and hare
B. another race between tortoise and hare
C. two races between tortoise and hare
D. stories between tortoise and hare
C
A man was tired of living in his old house in the country and wanted to sell it and buy a better one. He tried to sell it for a long time，but was not successful，so at last he decided to solve the problem by using as real estate agent.（房地产代理人）The agent decided at once to advertise the house，and a few days later，the owner saw a very attractive photograph of it，with a wonderful description of its gardens，in an expensive magazine. After the house owner had read the advertisement through，he hurriedly telephoned the real estate agent and said to him，“I'm sorry，Mr. Jones，but I've decided not to sell my house after all. After reading your advertisement in that magazine，I can see that it's just the kind of house I've wanted to live in all my life.”
41.What problem did the man have？
A.He couldn't find his house
B.He was unsuccessful at selling his house
C.He was unsuccessful at buying a house
D.He was unsuccessful at finding a real estate agent
42.It's easier to sell house through agents because ______.
A.they have a magazine
B.they are better at writing articles
C.they are good at better advertising
D.they are better looking
43.Which of the following best states the main idea？
A.You don't know what you have until you have lost it.
B.It's hard to sell a house
C.No one likes to live in the country.
D.There is no place like home.
44.In the passage the word“attractive”most nearly means ______.
A.perfect
https://www.doczj.com/doc/2f5486141.html,plete
C.modern
D.pleasant to look at
E
According to the dictionary definition of create，ordinary people are creative every day.To create means to bring into being，to cause to exist something each of us does daily. We are creative whenever we look at or think about something in a new way.First，this includes an awareness（意识）of our surroundings.It means using all of our senses to become aware of our world.This may be as simple as being aware of color and texture（质地），as well as taste，when we plan a meal.Above all，it is the ability to notice things that others might miss. A second part of creativity is an ability to see relationships among things.If we believe the expression，There is nothing new under the sun，the creativity is remaking or recombining（重组）the old in new ways.For example，we might do this by finding a more effective way to study or a better way to arrange our furniture，or we might make a new combination of camera lenses and filters to create an unusual photograph. A third part of creativity is the courage and drive to make use of our new ideas，to ask for them to achieve some new results.To think up a new idea is one thing；to put the idea to work is another. These three parts of creativity are included in all the great works of geniuses，but they are also included in many of our day to day activities.
49.Which of the following activities is NOT a creative one according to the passage？
A. To prepare for a meal.
B. To arrange the furniture in a special way.
C. To buy some books from a bookstore.
D. Towrite a letter with the computer.
50.There is nothing new under the sunreally implies that .
A. a new thing can only be created at the basis of earliest things
B. a new thing is only a tale
C. we can seldom create new things
D. we can hardly see really new things in the world
51.What does the author think about the relationship between a new thought and its being put into practice？
A. It's more difficult to create a new thought than to use it in practice.
B. To find a new thought will clearly lead to the production of a new thing.
C. A man with an excellent ability of practice can easily become an inventor.
D. One may come up with a new thought，but can not put it into practice.
F
Have you ever seen any students whose trousers hang so low you can see their underwear？What do you think of that？Fashionable？Some of today's teenagers are big fans of such a look. But recently this trend has been at the center of an argument in Italian middle schools. The headmaster of a school in central Italy has asked students to stop wearing
low-rise jeans that expose underwear and parts of the body. His request came after a class trip，when he saw one boy's baggy trousers slide to his feet. He pointed out that this way of dressing is not suitable for school. But in Italy，a nation that takes fashion very seriously，the suggestion caused a debate among parents，teachers and students. The issue is whether the headmaster's request will limit students' freedom—or whether dress in Italian schools is too casual. A parents' group praised the move in favor of good taste，while others advised schools to stop worrying about fashion and fix up old school buildings.“We do not want to kick fashion out，”the headmaster explained，“but extrems （极端）of fashion like this are not right in school.”Many other schools have now requested that their students also stop wearing such trousers. Most students have simply ignored the request. Ludovica Gaudio，14，wore extremely low trousers exposing orange underwear in class. It was cold，so she wore a matching orange scarf. Another 14-year-old said she would probably respect the request，simply for practical reasons. “I don't really feel comfortable in those sort of jeans，”said Sarah Lattanzi，“in winter，when dressed like that，it's quite cold and I am afraid my stomach will ache.”
52. What led to the argument in Italian middle schools？
A. Students' craze for fashions.
B. Clothes that are too exposing.
C. Students' ignoring dress codes（着装规则）
D. Students' underwear.
53. Which of the following supports the headmaster's request？
A. Fashion should be taken seriously.
B. Fashion should not be followed in school.
C. Students should have their freedom in choosing what they wear.
D. Students should be encouraged to have good taste in clothes.
54. The argument against the headmaster's request is that ________.
A. schools should pay attention to things more important than students' clothes
B. fashion should not be followed in school
C. dress in Italian schools is too casual
D. low-rise jeans can do harm to youngster's health
55.The purpose of this story is to ________
A. show Chinese students that wearing very fashionable clothes in school is under attack in other countries,too.
B. show that dress code is necessary even in a country like Italy
C. tell us that a debate started in Italian middle schools over the way students dress in school
D. let us see that Italian students react differently to schools' requests.
答案与解析：
A
1. B.全文主要讲解两只绵羊共享绿草的感人故事。
2. D. 分析最后一句可知，长时间不下雨，草干了，要找到绿草很难。
3. C. 根据第四段可知，两只绵羊到河边喝了水。
4. A.根据第五段“Go ahead and eat it. I am not very hungry.” said Big Sheep and he began to move away.可知，A项符合。
5. C. 分析最后一段，两只绵羊共享了绿草，当然很快乐。
B
1. D.按照常识裁判的最大优点应该是“公正”，所以选D.
2. C.按照常识兔子的第一感觉应该是愤怒，对不公平竞争的愤怒。
3. D.“兔子已经收买了高速公路巡逻警察鹿”。干扰项是C“乌龟能够与时俱进”，而与时俱进是不能用来说明非法行为的。
4. B. 本文的重点是在讲述“又一次龟兔赛跑”。
参考答案：
41——44 B C A D 45——48BABB 49——51 CAD 52——55 BDAC
英语阅读理解技巧 阅读理解始终是外语学习和考试重点。 一．阅读理解的测试要点如下： 1．理解主旨大意； 2．寻读具体信息； 3．理解细节； 4．根据上下文提供的语境，推测生词词义，进而加深对文段的理解； 5．简单的判断和理解； 6．理解文段的基本逻辑结构； 7．理解作者的意图和态度； 8．理解文段的文化信息； 9．理解图表信息； 10．理解指代关系。 从高考命题的实际情况看，命题者常用下述方法提问： 1．What is the purpose of the text? 2．What does the author mainly tell US about in the passage? 3．What can we infer from the passage? 4．What can be inferred from the passage? 5．It can be concluded from the text that ? 6．What can we learn from the text? 7．What is the general idea/main idea of the text? 8. The passage mainly focuses on ? 9. What is the main subject discussed in the text? 10. It can be inferred from the passage that? 11. It can be inferred from the that the author seems to? 12. What is the best title of the text/for the article? 13. The best title for this passage is? 14. What can we infer from the last/the first two paragraphs? 15. The meaning of the word/sentence in Paragraph X is related to? 16. In Paragraph X, "X X X" can be replaced by?
高二英语阅读理解专项训练及答案及解析 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 The noise of chattering mouths subsided（平息） as the teacher entered classroom. “ Good morning class. I am Riffat Monaf, and I will be your geography teacher. Riffat” Monaf, an interesting name and an even more interesting person. Her introduction took place about six years ago, and since then I have never met a more influential person in my life. Mrs Monaf not only conquered me with her vast knowledge of geography, but also won me over with her smile and warm eyes. It was in her class that I traveled to the highest mountains and to the deepest seas from the comfort of the classroom. I learned about the vast oceans, the erupting volcanoes, the snow-capped mountains and the green valleys. She would often relate her adventures about traveling to different parts of the world. Never can I forget the glory of her face when she talks about how truly beautiful this world is. If I search back my love for the environment and geography, I find her to be the source of my love for preserving nature. If one day I became an environmentalist, I know that I'll thank her for it. Apart from this, she has always greeted me with open arms and she calls her students “ my children ”Mrs. Monaf's morals and values rubbed off me deeply and I have always taken her advice into consideration. She has been one of the most consistently good things in my life. Currently, she is fighting a battle against breast cancer, and it pains me to know that after all she has done for me; I can do nothing for her except pray. Whenever I see her in school, she still keeps that kind smile and an expression so soft that it trembles my heart. Mrs Monaf still talks enthusiastically about geography, and I know that I can never see what a truly great person she has been in my life. . （1） What can we learn from the second paragraph? A. The writer traveled a lot. B. Mrs Monaf was a learned person. C. The writer did well at school. D. Mrs Monaf enjoyed telling stories. （2） The underlined word“rubbed off” means. A. moved B. shocked C. influenced D. defeated （3） What do we know from the last paragraph? A. Mrs. Monaf was an optimistic person. B. Breast cancer made Mrs. Monaf upset. C. Another great person may appear in my life. D. Praying for Mrs. Monaf made the writer tremble. （4） What would be the best title for the passage? A. My Interesting School Life B. The Teacher-student Friendship C. An Influential Person in My Life D. Brave Fight Against Breast Cancer 【答案】（1） B （2） C （3） A （4） C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了生命中有影响力的人。
六年级小学英语阅读理解技巧与训练 （一）、阅读理解一般分为故事幽默类、说明、科普类等。 1故事幽默类一般前面都在为幽默做铺垫，只有读到最后才能显现出幽默之出来。 这类短文一般难度不大，认真阅读，仔细选择，问题都可以解决，如Write a Letter to Mary, A Dirty Boy, On the Bus 等 2小学的说明,科普类短文都十分浅显,只要具备一点科普常识都会读懂的,如,Time, the Spring Festival .等,即使文章较长,问题也十分明显，从文中都能找到答案. 同学可动手做做下题：根据短文内容选择答案. 1.Sam is very good at school, but he is not clean. His face and hands are often dirty. He washes them with water only. He does not use soap(肥皂). Sam has an uncle. One day his uncle goes to see him. He looks at him and says, “Sam, I know w hat you ate for breakfast this morning.” “What?” Sam looks at his uncle and says. “Eggs” says his uncle, “Your face and mouth tell me that.” “You are wrong, uncle!”says Sam, “Not today or yesterday,but the day before yesterday(前天)!”( )(1).Who is Sam? A. He is English. B. He is a student. C He is a young pioneer. D He is a teacher. ( )(2) What’s the Chinese for “dirty”? A. It’s “ 脏的“. B It’s “干净的” C It’s “坏的“ D It’s “好的” ( )(3) What’s on Sam’s face and mouth? A Eggs. B Soap C Water D Bread ( )(4) Which of these is not wrong? A Sam doesn’t wash his face and hands every day. B. The uncle thinks the boy ate eggs last morning. C Sam doesn’t like eggs at all. D. Sam doesn’t know his uncle. （二）、解题时有以下几种方法： （1）略读法：关键是在能抓住文章要点的前提下以个人最快的速度阅读，获得足够的信息以便准确地回答有关文章主旨和大意的问题。要特别注意文章首尾两段，第一段往往点明文章主题或作者意图，而最后一段则常常总结归纳或重述文章的主要内容。要学会寻找文章段落的主题句，因为把每段主题句的意思综合起来实际上就是全文的中心思想，文章的主题句也可能出现在段落中间或结尾。 （2）查阅法：考生可以不需要阅读整篇文章，而只需找出可能包含所需信息的部分，然后加以阅读就行。查阅法主要用于获得具体的信息，即谁、什么、什么时间、什么地点、什么原因以及如何发生等有关或者具体的数字。 （3）同义互释法：在小学升学考试中有些深层理解或者判断推理的问题可以采用同义互释法。 （4）判断推理法：有时4个题项中不止一个可以作为答案项，这时就应该意识到该题是一个判断推理题。要根据文章的主旨和作者的意图，选择比较，去伪存真，选出切合文章主旨和作者意图的最佳答案。
阅读理解能力测试的主要要求是： 1．阅读材料，理解材料的主旨大意，以及用以说明主旨大意的事实和细节。2．既理解具体的事实，也理解抽象的概念。 3．既理解文章的字面意思，也理解深层含义，包括作者的态度、意图等。 4．既理解某句、某段的含义，也理解全篇的逻辑关系，并据此进行推理和判断。5．既能根据所提供的信息去理解，也能结合中学生应具有的常识去理解判断。 根据这五项要求，我们可将阅读理解多项选择题归纳为以下几种题型：主题主旨大意，细节理解题，综合推理题，概括归纳题，观点归纳题，人物评价题，词义句义理解题，指代关系题，内容排序题等。 下面结合自己平时教学中的经验体会，谈一谈做英语阅读理解题的技巧与策略。 一．主旨大意题 阅读理解首先要做到的就是掌握所读材料的主旨和大意，它是全文的概括与总结。能否抓住这个中心，取决于读者的总结能力。每篇短文都有其主题思想，而作者表现主题思想的手法各不相同。这就需要我们挖掘相同点，寻找解题的方法。 常见题型： 1．主题型： What’s the main idea of this passage ? What does this passage mainly discuss? What’s the topic of this passage ? 2．标题型： What’s the best title? The best title for this text is (to tell ) ————. 3．目的型： The main purpose of this text is ————. The author’s purpose o f writing this text is to ————. What’s the main purpose of the passage?
（英语）高二英语阅读理解专题训练答案及解析 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 Flying for a long time, you finally arrive at the place where you can relax—your hotel room. Now you throwyour bag on the bed, turn on the TV and watch an international news programme on a satellite channel probably from UK or the USA. The main international broadcasters are BBC World and CNN. With an audience of over 1.5 billion people, these are popular channels that offer good-quality news programmes. In both companies, the journalists are experienced writers that produce journalism of a high standard. However, there are alternative news channels which people watch because they want a less traditional or non-Western view on world events. Russia Today and Al Jazeera International, an Arabic company, are international channels that broadcast in English. Both companies say they give a fresh view on big stories, and their experienced journalists often report from places where Western journalists do not work, and so they give us stories that we don't normally see. The Internet offers more variety. OneWorldTV is an Internet site where you can find stories about the developing world and human rights, rather than the usual stories about US politics and business. The writers for this company are often local people who write the stories for free. This non-professional journalism is increasing, and it certainly offers more choices. This increase in citizen journalism means that you can write the news, too. Main news broadcasters often use photographs and stories that members of the general public send to them, especially when there is a dramatic breaking news story. Besides this, some blogs are popular sources of news, and the website NowPublic lets you write stories using information you can get from anywhere, including sites like Youtube, Flickr and Twitter. （1）The first paragraph is meant to . A. offer a suggestion B. give a warning C. explain a reason D. introduce the topic （2）It can be learned from the text that more and more people will . A. prefer to read local news B. pay more attention to world news C. start a career in citizen journalism D. give up watching TV news programmes （3）What would be the best title for the text? A. The Latest Local News B. More Choices for News C. The End of TV News D. Traditional World News 【答案】（1）D （2）C （3）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了市民可以观看的新闻媒体。有些新闻来自国家（正式新闻）;有些新闻来自民间，这种民间的非正式媒体新闻正呈上升趋势；市民还可以在网上发布一些新闻。 （1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“ watch an international news program on a satellite channel probably from UK or the USA.”和第二段中的“The main international broadcasters are BBC World and CNN”可以推断出第一段是引子，是为了引出下文的话题（介绍BBC World和
高中英语阅读理解的答题方法和技巧 一、先看题干，带着问题读文章。 即先看试题，再读文章。阅读题干，首先要掌握问题的类型，分清是客观信息题还是主观判断题。客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调，作者未加陈述的观点以及贯穿全文的中心主旨的理解等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位，再将相关信息进行整合、甄别、分析、对比，有根有据地排除干扰项，选出正确答案。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率，节省了宝贵的时间。特别适用于对图形表格类题材的理解。 二、速读全文，了解大意知主题。 阅读的目的是获取信息。一个人的阅读能力的高低决定了他能否快速高效吸收有用信息。阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力。没有一定的阅读速度就不能顺利地输入信息，更谈不上运用英语。近几年的高考阅读速度大约是每分钟40个词左右。考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
抓主题句这是快速掌握文章大意的主要方法。主题句一般出现在文章的开头和结尾。用归纳法撰写的文章，都是表述细节的句子在前，概述性的句子居后。此时主题句就是文章的最后一句。通常用演绎法撰写的文章，大都遵循从一般到个别的写作程序，即从概述开始，随之辅以细说。这时，主题句就是文章的第一句。当然也有些文章没有主题句，需要读者自己去归纳。主题句往往对全文起提示、启迪、概括、归纳之作用，主旨大意题，归纳概括题，中心思想题往往直接可从主题句中找到答案。 三、详读细节，理顺思路与文章脉络。 文章绝不是互不相干的句子杂乱无章的堆砌。作者为文，有脉可循。如记叙文多以人物为中心，以时间或空间为线索，按事件的发生、发展、结局展开故事；论述体则包含论点、论据、结论三大要素，通过解释、举例来阐述观点。你可根据文章的特点，详读细节，以动词、时间、地点、事件、因果等为线索，找出关键词语，运用"画图列表法"，勾画出一幅完整清晰的文章主题和细节的认知图。 四、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。 在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。这就是通常所说的深层理解。深层理解主要包括归纳概括题（中心思想，加标题等）和推理判断题，是阅读理解中的难点。深层理解是一
初中英语阅读理解解题技巧及经典练习 英语阅读理解一直都是中考的重点复习对象。原因它在中考中的分数占总分的比重最大。为此，我总结了一些初中英语阅读理解的解题技巧和一些经典的练习题。初中英语理解要提高有两个方面，1. 考前阅读准备。2. 临场解题技巧。 1. 考前阅读准备 一、要注意养成良好的阅读心理，阅读时要去掉杂念，心绪要安定，精神要专一，要形成一种惬意的顺向心理。切不可一遇到几个生词难句，就心烦意乱，失去自控能力。心理学家告诉我们，任何恐慌，过分紧张的情绪都会形成一种消极因素妨碍大脑的正常思维功能。因此，遇到困难一定要从容不迫，心无旁骛。这样才能对所读的文章印象清晰，理解深刻。 二、要提高视读的速度，考阅读理解，从另一个方面来说，考的是考试速度。因此做阅读理解时，要注意培养自己快速阅读的习惯。切不可在个别难懂的词句上磨蹭，只要全篇理解了，个别难懂的词句可以根据上下文和构词法去猜测，去推断。 2. 临场解题技巧 1. 审视标题，抓住中心 试题中有的文章有标题，有的没有，拟题人是有所考虑的。标题是文章主题的高度凝聚。它能给我们启发和想象，想象文章的内容和走向。这样做有利于对文章的理解，能提高做题的效率。 2. 浏览全文，掌握全貌 如果时间紧，至少要快速通读全文，尤其是首两段。再把标题和文章内容结合起来，这样全文的梗概便一目了然了。 3. 细读题目，抓住要点
对整篇短文内容有了一定的了解后，要马上看短文后的问题，带着问题去选择或判断答案。要确定所需查找的信息范围，并注意所查找信息的特点。例如：如果问题或选项涉及到人名、地名，就应该找首字母大写的单词；如果问题或选项涉及时间、日期、数字，就应该寻找具体的数据。另外还要注意试题难易，应暂时绕开那些少数较难的题目，先做最有把握、最熟悉的题目，也就是该类题可以直接或间接从文章中找到的。而对于那些要通过对文章归纳判断、逻辑推理的题目，需要再对全文快速阅读，仔细分析思考，反复比较、推敲选出正确答案。若文章短可先读短文，后看文后题目；如果文章太长，你可以先把文章后面的问题看一遍，带着问题去看文章。这样可以帮助你去掉杂念，提高阅读速度和解题的正确性。要善于找关键句，特别要注意文章的第一段和最后一段的头一句话，往往就是关键句，可以帮助你掌握文章的全貌，理解文章的主题。此外，还应该细读文章，因为有时的试题是考细节。可以边读边用铅笔做点标记，把有关的画出来。凡逢人物就圈起来，看完一数，有几个圈就是几个人，一目了然。 4. 细读文章，掌握细节 这次应细品，不可一晃而过。可边读边用铅笔做些记录，把有关的人物、事件、时间、地点、起因（即五个W ：who ， what， when， where， why）划出来。经过这样的处理，你对文章的内容和细节便会胸有成竹，对事态的发生、发展和解决有了更加深入的了解。 5. 理解大意，初选答案 一般短文都设有五个题目，对那些表层理解的题目可以断然选定。对那些深层理解的题目，应再查阅原文，但决不是简单重读，应找出依据，把所答案代入文中，再确定正误。在确定答案时，对文章和题中的词语应结合上下文思考其确切意思，切忌望文生义，作出错误的判断。 6. 复读全文，核对答案
高中英语阅读理解9大题型+解题技巧 一、例证题 1.例证题的标记。当题干中出现 example, case, illustrate, illustration, exemplify时。 2.返回原文，找出该例证所在的位置，既给该例子定位。 3.搜索该例证周围的区域，90%向上，10%向下，找出该例证支持的观点。例子 周围具有概括抽象性的表达通常就是它的论点。 注意：举例的目的是为了支持论点或是为了说明主题句。举例后马上问这个例 子说明了什么问题?不能用例子中的话来回答这个问题。 4.找出该论点，并与四个选项比较，得出选项中与该论点最一致的答案。 5.例证题错误答案设计的干扰特征经常是：就事论事。即用例子中的某一内容 拉出来让你去选。(╳) 要求：在阅读中，遇到长的例子，立即给这个例子定位，即找出起始点，从哪 开始到哪结束。 二、指代题 1.返回原文，找出出题的指代词。 2.向上搜索，找最近的名词、名词性短语或句子(先从最近点开始找，找不到再 找次近的，一般答案不会离得太远)。 3.将找到的词、词组或句子的意思代入替换该指代词，看其意思是否通顺。 4.将找到的词、词组或句子与四个选项进行比较，找出最佳答案。 三、词汇题 “搜索代入”法： ①返回原文，找出该词汇出现的地方。 ②确定该词汇的词性 ③从上下文(词汇的前后几句)中找到与所给词汇具有相同词性的词(如一下子找 不到就再往上往下找)，代入所给词汇在文章中的位置(将之替换)看语义是否合 适
④找出选项中与代替词意思相同或相近的选相，即答案 注意： a.如果该词汇是简单词汇，则其字面意思必然不是正确答案。 b.高考阅读不是考察字认识不认识，而是考察是否能根据上下文作出正确的判断。 c.词汇题的正确答案经常蕴藏在原文该词汇出现的附近。注意不能靠单词词义 直接往下推。 d.寻找时要注意同位语、特殊标点(比如分号，分号前后两句话的逻辑关系不是 形式上的并列就是语义上的并列，也就是两句话的意思相同，所以可用其中一 句话的意思来推测另一句话的意思从而推出所给词汇含义)、定语从句、前后缀，特别要注意寻找时的同性原则。比如：让猜一个名词词组(动词词组)的意思， 我们就向上向下搜索名词词组(动词词组)。 ▲隐蔽型词汇题：题干与原文的某句完全重合，只有一两个词被替换掉。隐蔽 型词汇题的做法跟词汇题的做法几乎一样，往上往下找。 四、句子理解题 1.返回原文找到原句。 2.对原句进行语法和词义的精确分析(找主干)，应该重点抓原句的字面含义。若 该句的字面含义不能确定，则依据上下文进行判断。注意：局部含义是由整体 决定的。 3.一般来说，选项中的正确答案与原句意思完全相同，只不过用其他英语词汇 换种表达而已。 4.句子理解题的错误选项干扰项特征：推得过远。做题时应把握住推的度。 思路：对句子微观分析?不行就依据上下文?选择时不要推得过远。 五、推理题 “最近原则” 1.标志：learn, infer, imply, inform
高一英语阅读训练（16） A Australia's worst pests are the rabbits，introduced by a settler who released 24 into the wild for sport hunting．In less than 100 years，the rabbits grow into the millions of ones，leaving large areas of land looking like the surface of the moon due to thousands of rabbit caves．The spread （蔓延）of the rabbits in Australia was the fastest of all animals in the world．The spread of the rabbits' disease in 1950 cut the number，but it was not until 1997 when the spread of another disease targeted（瞄准）the pests that the number was finally brought under control．Farm losses due to rabbits today still remain a surprising total A＄200 million （US＄112 million）a year． The European red foxes，also released for sport hunting，are growing and eating sheep flocks，costing farmers A＄40 million （US＄22．4 million）a year．The State of Victoria offers a A＄10 (US＄5．6）prize for each fox tail and has gathered 25，000 in a few months．Foxes are one of the biggest threats to wildlife in Australia．Foxes kill thousands of lambs（羊羔），birds and native wildlife．Australia lost its long battle against wild pests． 1．The underlined word “released”in Paragraph 1 means“＿＿＿＿＿＿”．A．kept…out B．set…free C．killed D．stopped 2．Which of the following is NOT mentioned？ A．A great many rabbits eat too much trees．B．Rabbits make too much caves．C．The surface is destroyed a lot by rabbits．D．The birth rate of the rabbits is high．3．What reduced the number of the rabbits？ A．Hunting．B．Poisoning．C．Disease．D．Flood．4．Australia once fought against ＿＿＿＿＿＿． A．sheep and rabbits B．rabbits and red foxes C．birds and red foxes D．lambs and rabbits B Over a third of one's life is spent sleeping with one's head on a pillow（枕头）．A good pillow，in its right height and composition，has important effects on one's sleep and health．There is an old way of medical treatment（治疗）called “smell the medicine to cure（治愈）the disease” which means that people smell medicines while asleep for disease treatment．In China，since ancient times，people have put plants into pillows for their health．Medicinal pillows get medical treatment closely with people's life and keep the people working in process．Back in the Tang Dynasty （AD 618907），the famous Chinese doctor Sun Simiao made medicinal pillows to treat aches in the neck and head，getting good results．The medicine that should be put into the pillow should be carefully chosen according to one's illness． Pillows filled with the skins of beans，seeds，dried flowers and wheat are good for the eyesight and keeping the mind clear，since their smell helps one go to sleep．Furthermore，in South China，a strange pillow has long been popular during hot seasons．Peasants collect silk-worm excrement（排泄物）and fill pillows with it．Such pillows then fetch a high price，because people believe they can successfully cool their babies． 5．What does the underlined word “composition”in (Paragraph 1) mean？ A．The students' homework．B．The color of a pillow． C．What is filled inside a pillow．D．The pictures drawn on a pillow．
（英语）高一英语阅读理解解题技巧及练习题及解析 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 We want our children to succeed, in school and, perhaps even more importantly, in life. But the paradox(悖论) is that our children can only truly succeed if they first learn how to fail. Consider the finding that world-class figure skaters fall over more often in practice than low-level figure skaters. At first sight this seems contradictory. Why are the really good skaters falling over the most? The reason is actually quite simple. Top skaters are constantly challenging themselves in practice, attempting jumps that stretch their limitations. This is why they fall over so often, but it is precisely why they learn so fast. Lower-level skaters have a quite different approach. They are always attempting jumps they can already do very easily, remaining within their comfort zone. This is why they don't fall over. In a superficial sense, they look successful, because they are always on their feet. The truth, however, is that by never failing, they never progress. What is true of skating is also true of life. James Dyson worked through 5,126 failed prototypes(原型) for his dual cyclone vacuum before coining up with the design that made his fortune. These failures were essential to the pathway of learning. As Dyson pu t it: “You can't develop new technology unless you test new ideas and learn when things go wrong. Failure is essential to invention.” In healthcare, however, things are very different. Clinicians don't like to admit to failure, partly because they have healthy egos(自我)(particularly the senior doctors) and partly because they fear litigation(诉讼). The consequence is that instead of learning from failure, healthcare often covers up failure. The direct consequence is that the same mistakes are repeated. According to the Journal of Patient Safety, 400,000 people die every year in American hospitals alone due to preventable error. Until healthcare learns to respond positively to failure, things will not improve. But let us return to children. One of the major mistakes in education in the 1970s was the attempt to equip children with confidence by giving them lots of successes （setting the bar very low）. The consequence was that the ego of kids became bound up with success, and they became unable to take risks and collapsed as soon as they hit a proper challenge. We need to flip(翻转) this approach. In a complex world, failure is inevitable. It is those individuals and institutions that have the flexibility to face up to failure, learn the lessons and adapt which eventually excel(突出). （1）The question raised in the first paragraph is to ________. A. open up a discussion on the topic B. analyze the reason for success C. express the author's opposition D. doubt the abilities of the top skaters （2）Which of the following is the structure of the passage?
高考英语阅读的方法与技巧 高考英语阅读理解旨在考查考生的知识和能力，顾名思义，阅读主要是获取信息，是理解的前提和手段;理解是分析、加工和处理信息，是阅读的目的和结果。 阅读理解通过不同的体裁，如记叙文，描述文、说明文、议论文、应用文等，和不同的题材，如科普知识、天文地理、人物传记、仁人轶事、哲理小品、科技教育、风土人情、广告宣传、新闻报道、体育赛事、历史文化、人间百态等，全面考查考生记忆、识别、换算、判断推理、逻辑思维、分析归纳、概括总结等能力。本文介绍几种常用的阅读方法，然后附上练习，并给出解题思路。 一、阅读理解的方法 1.略读法(Skimming) 略读法是快速阅读中的一种方法，通常又称为浏览。略读的关键是在抓住文章要点的前提下以个人最快的速度阅读，主要目的是获得足够的信息以便准确地回答有关文章的主旨和大意方面的问题。利用略读法做阅读时，要特别注意文章首尾两段，因为文章的第一段往往点明文章的主题，或中心思想，或作者的意图，而文章的最后一段则常常总结、归纳或重述文章的主要内容。 要学会寻找文章段落的主题句(Topic sentence)，这是抓住段落大意的一条捷径，同时也是准确全文大意的有效途径，因为把整篇文章的每段主题句的意思想综合起来，实际上就是全文的中心思想(Central idea)。有时候，文章的主题句可能会出现在段落中间或结尾，考生需要运用略读方法快速准确地找到它。 2.查阅法(Scanning) 考生在回答具体信息时，通常不需要阅读整篇文章，而只需要找出可能包括所需要的信息部分，然后加以阅读就行，这种方法就是查阅法。查阅法主要用于获得具体的信息，回答具体的