高考特殊句式的用法
高考倒装的用法
1．定义
为了突出、强调等语言的目的而颠倒原有句子语序的句式，就叫作倒装句。
2．分类
可分为全倒装和半倒装。
3．全倒装的用法（不借助于be动词，助动词，情态动词，且主语为名词）
⑴表示方位的副词here,there,in,out,up,down,away,off,next或表示时间的now,then位于句首，且主语为名词时。
eg:Here comes the bus.
Now comes your turn.
Out ran all the students.
注：当主语为代词时，不用全倒装。
eg:Here you are.
⑵表示地点的介词短语作状语位于句首时
eg:In the room sits a professor.
Out of the classroom ran the students.
⑶adj、-ed分词、-ing分词、不定式或介词短语作表语位于句首时eg:Present at the meeting were President White and many other guests.
Gone are the days when we could do what they liked to Chinese.
4．半倒装的用法
⑴否定词(hardly,never,few,little,seldom,not,nothing,nowhere等)或否定短语(not only,not until,no sooner,no longer,by no means,in no time等)位于句首时。但only+主语结构不可用倒装。
⑵only+副词(短语)/介词短语/状语从句，位于句首时。（注：“only+主语”位于句首时不倒装。）
eg:Only in this way can you solve the problem.
Only I can help you.
⑶so短语或such短语位于句首时
eg:So carelessly did he drive that he almost killed himself.
⑷neither…nor…连接并列分句且位于句首时。但连接并列主语时，不可用倒装。
eg:Neither did I know him,nor I met him.
⑸neither，nor，no more位于句首时。
eg:------I didn’t agree with her.
------Neither did Mary.
5．倒装的特殊用法
⑴as/though“尽管”的倒装
adj/adv+as+主+谓+其它，
(前无冠词)n+as+主+be+其它，
V原形+as+主+助动词/情态动词+其它，
eg:Child as/though he is,he know a lot about the world.
Search as/though they might,they could find nobody in the house.
Young as/though he is,he know a lot about the world.
⑵if引导的虚拟条件句中的倒装。（条件句中含有were/had/should）
eg:Should he come tomorrow,I would tell you as soon as possible.
=Were he to come tomorrow,I would tell you as soon as possible.
Had you come here,you would have met the film star.
⑶so“也”，也可用于倒装结构。
eg:---------Tom is a doctor.
---------So is Mary.
高考省略、替代的用法
1．状语从句中的省略
在时间、条件、方式、让步等状语从句中，如果从句主语与主句主语一
致或从句主语为
It，且从句中含有be动词，那么从句中的主语和be动词可同时省略。
eg:While (I was) in Beijing,I paid a visit to the Great Wall.
If (it is) necessary,please ask me to help you.
2． I’m afraid,I think,I believe,I hope,I guess等作答语，后跟so与not分别替代肯定或否定，宾语从句可省去。
eg: ①“Do you think it will rain?”
“I don’t think so.”
②He may be not at home,if so(he is not at home),leave him a note.
三．为了避免重复，可用do,does,did代替前面出现的动词。
eg:Don’t drink.If you do,it will do harm to your health.
四．不定式省略，单独使用不定式符号to
⑴用来代替动词不定式后被省略的动词，常用在
be
afraid,expect,forget,hope,intend,like,love,mean,prefer,refuse,seem,try,want,wish 等后。
eg:①-----Why haven’t you bought any beer?
------I meant to,but I forgot all about it.
②They wouldn’t allow her to go the party,but she still hopes to.
③-----My mother is preparing my favorite dishes.Go with me and have a taste,okay?
------I’d love to,And I’ll be glad to meet your parents.
④----Do you think it will rain?
-----I hope not.
⑵在have,need,ought,used,be going等后面。
eg: ①”Do you smoke?””No,but I used to.”
②-----Why didn’t you go to the cinema yesterday?
------I was going to,but my wife returned from France the moment I was leaving.
③I didn’t want to go there,but I had to.
⑶在某些形容词glad,happy,pleased,delighted等后面。
eg:-----Will you join in the game?
------I’d be glad to.
⑷如果不定式中含有be,have,have been,通常保留be,have和have been。eg:”Are you a teacher?””No,but I used to be.”
“I haven’t finished my work.””You ought to have.”
——Are you a student?
——No,but I used to be.
⑸当两个或多个不定式并列使用时，常只保留第一个不定式中的to,后面不定式中的to常省略。但如果并列使用的不定式有对比关系，那么每个不定式前面的to都要保留。
eg:The teacher told Tom to stay there and wait her.
He hasn’t decided to whether to go home or to stay at home.
⑹介词but意为“除了”，如果前有实义动词do，那么but后的不定式to要省略；如果前没有实义动词do，那么but后的不定式to要保留。
eg:I did nothing but wait outside the room.
I said nothing about it but to listen to what they said.
⑺一感二听三使四看后跟不定式作宾补时。
eg:My teacher made me clean the classroom yesterday.
⑻固定搭配中。would rather,had better,can’t but do(“不得不”)后，to要省略。
eg:I would rather go there early tomorrow.
⑼在句型Why/Why not……中，to要省略。
eg:Why not take his advice?
五．在并列的句子中，如果后面的句子与前面的句子谓语动词相同，那么后面的谓语动词可省略。
eg:The earth turns around the sun and the moon the earth.
One of the board is painted red and the other black.
高考强调句型的用法
1．含义
强调句是一种修辞，是为了突出句子的某一成分(谓语动词除外)而采用的一种句式。
2．结构
It is/was+被强调部分(谓语动词除外)+that/who+句子。或It+情态动词be+被强调部分+that/who+句子。
eg:It was in the park that I met Tom yesterday.
3．判断句子是否是强调句型的方法
首先，去掉“It is/was和that、who”。
然后，确定句子结构是否完整，若完整，则是强调句型；若不完整，则不是强调句型。
4．对not……until句型的强调
对not……until句型强调时，not和until必须放在一起才能进行强调。eg:It was not until you pointed it out to me that I realised my mistake.
五．对动词强调的用法
对动词也可进行强调。但只限于一般现在时和一般过去时两种，且只对肯定的谓语动词进行强调。结构为“do/does/did+v原形”。
eg:He does know the place well.
高考独立主格结构
1．当to do,doing,done,adj,adv,介词短语的主语与主句主语不一致时，需保留主语，这时所形成的结构就叫作独立主格结构。这种
结构常用来作状语，表示时间、原因、方式、伴随等。
eg: ①It being a fine day,we decided to go swimming.
②The prisoner stood there,his hands raised.
③I heard that she got injured in the accident,my heart full of worry.
2．with复合结构中的独立主格结构
⑴with+n/pron+to do
eg:With two compositions to write,you have to work really hard this weekend.
⑵with+n/pron+doing
eg:With his mother helping him,he is getting on well with his work.
⑶with+n/pron+done
eg:The murder was brought in,with his hands tied behind his back.
⑷with+n/pron+adj
eg:With the weather cold,he didn’t go out.
⑸with+n/pron+adv
eg:With his parents out,the boy had to stay at home alone.
⑹with+n/pron+介词短语
eg:With a book in his hand,the teacher came into the classroom.
高考插入语用法
插入语可能是一个词、一个短语或一个句子。插入语的主要形式有：
1. 常用作插入语的副词有：indeed,certainly,surely,however等。eg:Fortunately,I found the book I lost last week.
Surely,he has been to Beijing several times.
2. 形容词及词组作插入语。
eg:Strange to say,she hasn’t got my letter up to now.
3．常用作插入语的介词短语有：
in short,of course,in general,in fact,in other words,in a few words,in a word 等。
4．常用作插入语的分词短语有：
strictly speaking,generally speaking,judging from等。
5. 常用作插入语的不定式短语有：
to tell the truth,to be honest,to be exact,to be sure等。
6．句子作插入语的有：
I think,I believe,I am sure,as we all know,that is,as I see it等。
7．以一般疑问句形式构成的插入语常用于特殊疑问句中。主要有：
do you think,do you believe,do you suggest等。
eg:What do you suggest we should do next?
特殊句式练习
(2011全国卷I) 22. Try____ she might, Sue couldn’t get the door open.
A. if
B. when
C. sine
D. as
(2011全国卷I) 28. Only when he reached the tea-house ______it was the same place he’d been in last year.
A. he realized
B. he did realize
C. realized he
D. did he realize
（2011福建卷）29.-It’s nice. Never before____ such a special drink!
-I’m glad you like it.
A.I have had
B. I had
C. have I had
D. had I
(2011湖南卷)32. Only after they had discussed the matter for a few hours _______a decision
A. they reached
B. did they reach
C. they reach
D. do they reach
（2011四川卷）15. Was it on a lonely island ______ he was saved one month after the boat went down?
A. where
B. that
C. which
D. what
（2011陕西卷）23.It is not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do______benefits our work most.
A. who
B. which
C. that
D. what
（2011重庆卷）32.—Have you seem the film Under the Hawthorn Tree?
— Of course, I have. It was in our village _______ it was made.
A.that
B.where
C.when
D.which
(2011湖南卷)35 It’s not what we do once in a while ______ shapes our lives, but what we do consistently
A .which B. that C. how D. when
（2011全国卷II）13. Jane won’t join us for dinner tonight and .
A. neither won’t Tom
B. Tom won’t either
C. Tom will too
D. so will Tom
（2011江苏卷）33. It sounds like something is wrong with the car’s engine._______ , we’d better take it to the garage immediately.
A. Otherwise
B. If not
C. But for that
D. If so
（2011辽宁卷）33. _____ a strange plant! I've never seen it before.
A. Which
B. What
C. How
D. Whether
(2011上海卷) 30. It doesn’t matter if they want to come to your party, _______?
A. doesn’t it
B. does it
C. don’t they
D. do they
（2011重庆卷）28.I told them not everybody could run as fast as you did, ______ ?
A. could he
B. didn’t I
C. didn’t you
D. could they
（2011浙江卷）3. Bats are surprisingly long lived creatures some ______a life span of around 20 years.
A. having
B. had
C. have
D. to have
1. （10安徽）It was from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village _______ the hostess cooked such a nice dinner.
A. where
B. that
C. when
D. which
2.（10湖南）John's success has nothing to do with good luck. It is years of hard work has made him what he is today.
A. why
B. when
C. which
D. that
3. （10全国1）I have seldom seen my mother _______ pleased with my progress as she is now .
A. so
B. very
C. too
D. rather
4.（10江苏）—I have tried very hard to find a solution to the problem, but in vain.
—why not consult with Frank? You see, _________.
A. great minds think alike
B. two heads are better than one
C. a bird in the hand is worth two in the bush
D. it’s better to think twice before doing something
5．（10四川）If you have a job， yourself to it and finally you’ll succeed．
A．do devote B．don't devote C．devoting D．not devoting
6.（100陕西）John opened the door . There _____ he had never
seen before.
A. a girl did stand
B. a girl stood
C. did a girl stand
D. stood a girl
7．（10浙江）The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if regularly, can improve our health.
A．being carried out B．carrying out
C．carried out D．to carry out
1. （10江西） Not until he left his home ______ to know how important the family was for him.
A did he begin
B had he begun
C he began
D he had begun 2．（10四川）We laugh at jokes，but seldom about how they work．
A．we think B．think we C．we do think D．do we think
3. (10江苏)—Is everyone here?
—Not yet……Look , there_______ the rest of our guests!
A. come
B. comes
C. is coming
D. are coming
4.（10重庆）At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River______, one of the ten largest cities in China.
A. lies Chongqing
B. Chongqing lies
C. does lie Chongqing
D. does Chongqing lie
1.（09年福建卷25）For a moment nothing happened Then all shouting together.
A. voices had come
B. came voices
C. voices would come
D. did voices come
2.（09年福建卷26）-Your mum is very kind.
-Yeah, My mum is pretty considerate, you know what ,she always arranges everything around me.
A. she means
B. you mean
C. I mean
D. we mean
3.（09年江苏卷33）--- What' s the matter with Della?
--- Well, her parents wouldn't allow her to go to the party, but she still __
A. hopes to
B. hopes so
C. hopes not
D. hopes for
4.（09年江西卷27）It was _____ he came bank from Africa that year
_________ he met the girl he would like to marry.
A. when; then
B. not; until
C. not until; that
D. only; when
5.（09年江西卷28） At present, one of the arguments in favor of the new airport ________ that it will bring a lot jobs to the area.
A. is
B. are
C. will be
D. were
6.（09年江西卷35）Some of you may have finished unit one. _____, you
can go on to unit two.
A. If you may
B. If you do
C. If not
D. If so
7.（09年湖南卷31）Please do me a favor — ______ my friend Mr. Smith to Youth Theater at 7:30 tonight. A. to invite B. inviting C. invite D. invited
8.（09年湖南卷32）You and I could hardly work together, ?
A. could you
B. couldn’t I
C. couldn’t we
D. could we
9.（09年辽宁卷34）It’s the first time that he has been to Australia,
?
A isn’t he
B hasn’t he
C isn’t it
D hasn’t it
10.（09年陕西卷16）He must be helping the old man to water the flowers, ?
A is he
B isn’t he
C must he
D mustn’t he
11.（09年福建卷35）But for the help of my English teacher, I the first prize in the English Writing Competition.
A. would not win
B. would not have won
C. would win
D. would
have won
12.（09年四川卷11）— I wonder ________ you’ll water this kind of flower.
——Every other day.A. how often B. how long C. how soon D. how much
13.（09年四川卷17）The teacher together with the students ________ discussing Reading Skills that ________ newly published in America.A. are ; were B. is ; were C. are ; was D. is ; was
14.（09年江苏卷21）The population of Jiangsu __ to more than twice what it was in 1949. The figure is now approaching 74 million. A. has grown
B. have grown
C. grew
D. are growing
15.（09年陕西卷7）Dr. Smith, together with his wife and daughters , visit Beijing this summer. A is going to B are going to C was going to
D were going to
16.（09年湖南卷33）Either you or one of your students ______ to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow. A. are B. is C. have D. be
强调句，倒装句练习 广州市113中学朱开凤 一．单项填空(共10小题；每小题l分，满分l0分) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该 项涂黑。 1. It was from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village the hostess cooked such a nice dinner. A. where B．that C．when D. which（2010安徽第27题） 2．John's success has nothing to do with good luck. It is years of hard work has made him what he is today. A. why B. when C. which D. that（2010 湖南25） 3．—Is everyone here? —Not yet……Look , there_______ the rest of our guests! A. come B. comes C. is coming D. are coming（2010 江苏33） 4． Not until he left his home ______ to know how important the family was for him. A did he begin B had he begun C he began D he had begun（2010江西33） 5．We laugh at jokes，but seldom about how they work．A．we think B．think we C．we do think D．do we think（2010四川33） 6．At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River______, one of the ten largest cities in China . A. lies Chongqing B. Chongqing lies C. does lie Chongqing D. does Chongqing lie（2010重庆33）7．John opened the door . There _____ he had never seen before. A.a girl did stand B. a girl stood C.did a girl stand D. stood a girl （2010陕西17） 8．It was by making great efforts she caught up with other students. A．how B．when C．what D．that 9．Never Lisa would arrive but she turned up at the last minute. A．did we think B．have we thought C．we thought D．we have thought
浅谈英语中的倒装 摘要 英语和汉语在句式方面存在着很大的差异，这是英语学习中最大的困难。汉语的句式一般变化不大，而英文句式的变化常常让学习者困惑，如果按照汉语的句式生搬硬套,就会出现句法错误。倒装句是英语中的常见句型,然而也是阅读和学习中的一大障碍。如果不能正确地理解倒装句的句法,就会给阅读能力和写作能力的提高带来一定的困难，因此，了解英文的句式特点，尤其是倒装句的特点就显得非常重要。本文讲解的是倒装句在英语中的结构和用法，文中有说到由引导词there, here, now, then，so, neither, nor 引起的完全倒装，在这些词引导的倒装句里我们该注意些什么。当遇到介词或介词短语在句首时，我们需要把句子完全倒装。在某些状语从句中，我们会遇到部分倒装，常见的是条件状语从句，我们可以把if省略，从而改成部分倒装句。当否定词、部分否定词或频度副词在句首时，句子常常是部分倒装句。文中还说了分词或某些表语在句首的部分倒装句、特定词组搭配的部分倒装句，还有我们时常会用到的表示祝愿的倒装句。 关键词：英语倒装句结构用法浅析
目录 1.引言．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．1 2.倒装句的概念．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．1 3.倒装句的分类．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．1 3.1完全倒装．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．1 3.1.1由引导词there引起的完全倒装句．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．1 3.1.2由here, now, then引起的完全倒装句．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．1 3.1.3当介词或是介词短语在句首时的完全倒装．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．2 3.2部分倒装．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．2 3.2.1在there引出的倒装句中．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．2 3.2.2 某些状语从句中的部分倒装语序．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．2 3.2.3否定词或部分否定词、频度副词等在句首时的部分倒装．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．3 3.2.4频度副词在句首的倒装．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．3 3.2.5一些短语移到句首时也能引起倒装语序．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．4 3.2.6分词或某些表语移到句首的部分倒装的情况．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．4 3.2.7特定词组的搭配时所运用的倒装语序．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．4 4．倒装句在句子中的使用．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．5 4.1陈述句中的倒装．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．5 4.1.1主谓倒装．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．5 4.1.2表语倒装．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．5 4.1.3宾语倒装．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．6 4.2疑问句中的倒装．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．6 4.2.1特殊疑问句中的倒装．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．6 4.2.2一般疑问句中的倒装．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．6 4.3祈使句中的倒装．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．7 4.4感叹句中的倒装．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．7 4.4.1 what引导的感叹句．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．7 4.4.2 how引导的感叹句．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．7 4.4.3副词引导的感叹句．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．8 5．倒装句的作用．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．8 5.1 表示强调．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．8 5.2 承上启下．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．9 5.3 制造悬念,渲染气氛．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．9 5.4 平衡结构．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．10 5.4.1 以作状语的介词短语开头．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．10 5.4.2 以表语开头的句子．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．10 5.4.3 以副词here , there开头的句子,也采用完全倒装来保持句子平衡．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．11 5.5 使描写生动．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．11 6．总结．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．11致谢辞．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．13参考文献．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．14
读语篇学语法——强调句与倒装句 Alaska, which was called Russian America before it was sold to the United States, joined the Union as the 49th state in 1959. Alaska is now the largest of all the 50 states of the USA.①It was in 1867 that President Andrew Johnson’s Secretary of States（国务卿）, William H. Seward, bought Alaska from the Russians at the cost of $7.2 million. The buying of the northern land seemed at first something foolishly done.②Not only was Alaska difficult to reach, but it was also hard to live in, and it appeared to be of no importance in time of war. ③Besides there are volcanoes （火山）there as Alaska lies on the Pacific “ring of fire”. In Alaska large treeless areas are covered with snow all the year round. For these reasons the buying of Alaska was called “Seward’s Folly（蠢事）” at that time. However, in 1896, gold was found in Alaska, and people poured into the land. Then other important natural resources were discovered, including oil. But now most people visit Alaska in order to see the endless beauty of nature that the northern land discloses to them.④For example, there are about 11,000 islands in Alaska. And in a certain area of Alaska the sun doesn’t set for 82 days every year. 强调句：顾名思义，强调句就是对句子的某一成分进行强调，以加强语气或引起重视。 英语中常见的表示强调的方式有以下三种： 1. 用助动词do(一般现在时), does(一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数形式)和did(一般过去时)来强调谓语动词。如： 1）The girls do look pretty today. 2）The little girl does look nice in that green dress today. 3）The boys did have a good time last night. 从上述结构不难看出，强调谓语动词时只有两种时态——一般现在时和一般过去时。 2. 固定句型：强调句的句型主要是：It is / was … that / who / whom…。该句型可以用来强调除谓语动词以外的任何成分。例如上文中的①：It was in 1867 that President Andrew Johnson’s Secretary of States（国务卿）, William H. Seward, bought Alaska from the Russians at the cost of $7.2 million. 该句强调了时间状语in 1867。意思是：正是在1867年，当时担任美国总统Andrew Johnson国务卿的William H. Seward以七百二十万美元的价格从俄罗斯人手里买下了阿拉斯加。 2）It was their teacher who helped them solve the problem. 正是他们的老师帮他们解决了这一问题。 3）It was Lucy whom Tom met in the party yesterday. Tom昨天在聚会上见到的正是Lucy。 注意： ⑴该句型中的that，who和whom都不可以省略。
倒装句难点：关于复合句和并列句的部分倒装所在的位置 掌握部分倒装并不难，从此再也不必为纠结到底是“前倒后不倒”或“后倒前不倒”而抓破头皮啦。 确定倒装位置紧抓两点：1 主句所在的位置需倒装 2 否定所在的句子需倒装 主从复合句中，主句需部分倒装，例： No sooner had I reached home than the phone began to ring. So fast did he walk that I couldn’t catch up with him. Not until she saw the present did she feel happy. 并列句中，否定所在的句子需部分倒装，例： Not only do I know her,but I am also her friend. Neither have I seen him recently, and nor have I heard from him.(两个并列分句中都有否定词，故两个分句都需进行部分倒装) 没有了传统的语法选择题，倒装句真的在高考中毫无价值吗？肯定不会毫无价值，反之倒装句一定可以在高考中为我们加分。即使语法填空不考倒装，我们也可以将倒装句运用在写作中，为我们的写作加分。 除了not only…but also…的倒装句我们还有其它选择吗？ 在实际的写作阅卷中，不难发现学生所用倒装句型中，使用频率最高的非not only…but also…莫属了。 Not only should we pay more attention to the balanced diets, but also we ought to regularly do exercises. 除了only in this can we…的倒装句我们还有其它选择吗？ 除了以上提及的not only…but also…句型，在写作阅卷中另一种常见的倒装句就是Only+状语/状语从句置前的倒装句。 Only in this way can we protect our environment. Only when we are faced with ever-increasing pollutions, would we place more emphasis on environment protection. 要想在写作中凭借倒装句为自己的文章增加亮点，以上两个句型未免有些捉襟见肘。如何升级我们的倒装句式，让我们的倒装句从屌丝型一跃为高富帅呢？如何能够让我们能得心应手地在任何语境下都能用上倒装句呢？
1.他拖了那么长时间的课，几乎所有的学生都厌倦了。（prolong his lesson） To such an extent did he prolong his lesson that almost all his students got bored. 2.他不在乎别人怎么看待他。（little） Little does he care about how others regard him./Litter does he mind how others look at him. 3.她不但去过东京，还在那里的一家合资企业做了一段时间的秘书。（a joint venture） Not only has she been to Tokyo but also she worked as a secretary in a joint venture there for some time, 4.虽然他失去了钱，但是他从中得到了真相。（draw） Lose money as he did,he drew the lesson from it. 5.从山顶上可以看到整个村庄和村民赖以生存的小河。（depend on） From the top of the mountain can be seen the whole village and a small river which the villagers depend on for their life. 6.大多数上海人吃住穿短缺的日子将一去不复返。（suffer） Gone will be the day when most Shanghainese suffer from a shortage of food,clothes and shelter. 7.在任何情况和任何时间，我都不会放弃我的志向。（abandon my ambition） Under no circumstances and at no time will I abandon my ambition. 8.要不是你的警告，我会犯更严重的错误。（warning） Had it not been for your warning,I would have made a more serious mistake. 9.只有当你拥有需求很大的特殊技能时，你才能容易地在就业市场上找到一份工作。（in the job market） Only when you have the special skill in great demand can you land a job easily in the job market. 10.他活着时很少被绊倒过。（alive） Seldom did he stumble and fall when he was alive.
高三英语语法复习——倒装句 【熟读深思】 熟读下列句子，体会倒装句式的特点，思考什么情况下用倒装句式。 1. Never will Zhou Yang forget his first assignment at the office of China Daily 2. Only when you have seen what he or she does can you cover a story by yourself. 3. Not only am I interested in photography, but I took a course at university….. 4. He can swim and so can I. 5.So little did they agree on the plan that they couldn’t settle their differences. 6. Were he rich enough, he would buy a new car. 【倒装与广东高考】 在语法填空中可能要求考生填入适当的助动词。在写作中恰当运用倒装句，特别是由“only+状语”开头的倒装句，会给阅读者留下良好的印象。 【归纳讲解】 在英语中，主语和谓语的语序通常是主语在前，谓语在后。但有时谓语的全部或者一部分（通常是助动词或情态动词）却提到主语的前面，这种语序叫做“倒装”。倒装的原因，一是语法结构的需要，一是为了强调。 倒装有两种类型：完全倒装和部分倒装。 所谓完全倒装是指整个谓语移至主语之前。 Eg Out rushed the students to welcome the foreign friends. 完全倒装常见的情况有： 1)表示地点的介词短语表示的状语，提前位于句首时： 如：一只小狗坐在房间外。Outside the room sits a little dog. 2) 以here, there, now, then等副词或out, in, up, down, away等表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首以示强调，句子要完全倒装，谓语动词常用come,go, be, lie,run,rush 等如；There goes the bell. 3)There be结构。另外，在此结构中可用用来代替be动词的动词有exist, seem, happen, appear, live, rise, stand等。 如：桌子上有一本书，两个橙子。There is one book, two oranges in the desk. 4)表语置于句首时，为了使上下文紧密衔接,常把表语放在句首,倒装结构为：
强调句和倒装句讲解 与练习
强调句和倒装句 倒装是一种语法手段。 在英语中，主语和谓语的语序通常是主语在前，谓语在后。但有时谓语的全部或一部分却提到主语的前面，这种语序叫做倒装。倒装的原因，一是语法结构的需要，一是为了强调。 强调句为了使句子的某一个成分受到强调，改变句子结构。 高考重点要求： 1、掌握部分倒装，全部倒装的句型及倒装形式 2、掌握倒装句的都中使用方式 第一节知识点扫描 一、强调句 为了突出某一部分重要信息，常常借用语法中的变换句子的正常语序，将某个成分置于句首或句末，或者通过词汇手段突出句子的某个成分。 1. it 为先行词的强调结构 It was Li Ping who told me the news. (强调人时才能用who) It was in the park that I met him. (强调地点不能用where，只能用that) It was yesterday that I saw him off at the airport. (强调时间不能用when，只能用that) 2. 助动词do 的强调作用 在行为动词作谓语的句子中，常用“助动词do或did” + 谓语“动词原形”表示强调语气。 例如：She did go to see him yesterday.
We do have four lessons in the morning. 二、倒装句 句子的排列顺序，通常是主语在前，谓语在后。倒装语序，谓语在前，主语在后。陈述句一般都是自然语序，一般疑问句都是倒装语序。 例如：He speaks English.(陈述句，自然语序) Does he speak English?(疑问句倒装语序) 倒装语序： 全部倒装，整个谓语放在主语之前。 部分倒装，谓语中需要强调的是一部分放在主语之前，其他部分仍放在主语之后。 倒装语序的作用，着重强调部分放在句首，引人注目。变化句子，使句子生动活泼。 例如：The bus comes home.(自然语序) Here comes the bus.(倒装语序) 倒装句除疑问句及“there + be “句之外，陈述句为了强调谓语或谓语某个部分也常可用 倒装 句，另外so,neither,no等词经常用于对话简略答语的句首，用倒装语序避免重复。 第二节实战演练 一、复习时需注意的要点 1. 全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒 装。 例如：Here he comes.Away they went.
龙源期刊网 https://www.doczj.com/doc/245531758.html, 特殊句式之倒装句(上) 作者：朱忠乐 来源：《作文周刊（高中·人教版）》2010年第24期 《考试大纲》指出,在中学阶段,学生应理解与现代汉语不同的句式和用法。宾语前置句属于倒装句的一种(其他几种分别为:主谓倒装句、定语后置句和状语后置句),了解并掌握宾语前 置的文言句式,对学生正确翻译句子,了解文意,提高文言文阅读能力有很大的帮助。下面我们就针对在高中课本中出现的宾语前置的情况进行简要的归类分析。 从大的方向来看,宾语前置一般分为两大类型,即动词宾语前置和介词宾语前置。 一、动词宾语前置 文言文中宾语提到动词前的情况有两种: 1.否定句中代词作宾语,有两个必须满足的条件就是“否定句”和“代词”。这是判断文句是不是宾语前置的标准之一。否定句就是表示否定的句子,无论句中是有否定副词“不、弗、未、非、否、毋”,还是有表示否定的动词“无”、不定代词“莫”,这种句子都叫否定句。如果在这种句子中,它的宾语是代词,那么,宾语一般放在谓语动词之前、否定词之后。如“保民而王,莫之能御也”(《齐桓晋文之事》)一句中有否定代词“莫”和代词“之”,宾语“之”放在谓语动词之前、否定词之后,所以这句话属于宾语前置,其正常语序应该为“保民而王,莫能御之也”,翻译为“保全百姓而称王,没有谁能够抵挡他”。 2.疑问句中代词作宾语,有两个必须满足的条件就是“疑问句”和“代词”。这也是判断文句是不是宾语前置的标准之一。在古代并没有标点符号断句,所以在阅读古文典籍的时候,文句句末并没有问号,那么我们可以通过疑问代词来判断它是不是疑问句。在古代汉语里,疑问代词一般有“何、谁、恶(作代词时读wū)、安、焉、胡、奚、曷、孰等”。如“大王来何操?”(《鸿门宴》)一句中有明显的问号提示,同时又有疑问代词“何”,所以这句话属于宾语前置,其正常语序应该为“大王来操何”,翻译为“大王来的时候拿了什么东西没有”。 综合以上两点,我们必须明确以下几方面内容: 1.判断动词宾语前置的标准是“在否定句或在疑问句中,代词作宾语的时候要前置”。如果宾语不是代词,即使整个句子是否定句或疑问句,也不会把宾语前置。如“时天下承平日久,自王侯 以下莫不逾侈”(《张衡传》)一句中虽然出现了不定代词“莫”,但不属于宾语前置。 2.常用的代词有“我”“吾”“余”“彼”“女”“尔”“之”等,有些词(如“君”“子”“等”)虽然有一定的称代作用,但因为它们终究不是代词,而是名词,所以,即使在否定句中作宾语也不前置。如“山回路转不见君,雪上空留马行处”(《白雪歌送武判官归京》)一句中,“君”在这里作名词,所以这句话不属于宾语前置。
第20节强调句、倒装句 一、强调句 1、常考的强调句结构是it 引导的句子。 It is (was) 被强调部分+ that (who) + 句子其他部分。 此结构强调的成分仅限于主语，宾语和状语。 It is from the sun that we get light and heat. It was not until I had read your letter that I understood the true state of affairs. 典型例题 1）It was last night ___ I see the comet. A.the time B.when C.that D.which 答案C. 强调句的结构是：It +be +强调部分+ that (who) + 主谓句。强调句的连词只有两个，that和who。当强调的部分是人，且为句子的主语时，才用"who"，其余用that。原句：My father did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening. 强调主语：It was my father who did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening. 强调宾语：It was the experiment that my father did in the lab yesterday evening. 强调时间：It was yesterday evening that my father did the experiment in the lab. (注意不用when) 强调地点：It was in the lab that my father did the experiment yesterday evening. 2）It is ten years ___ Miss Green returned to Canada. A. that B. when C. since D. as 答案C. 考点是连词用法。本题易误选为A. that. 其实本句不是强调句。若是，去掉It be…that还应是一个完整的句子。而本句去掉'It is…that'，只剩下ten years Miss Green returned to Canada. 不成句。因此本句不是强调句。 It is /was +时间+ since…其中is<---> has been was <---> had been. 2、用助动词进行强调 强调句还有一种类型，就是用助动词do (did，does) 强调谓语。 She does like this horse.她的确喜欢这匹马。 Please do take care of yourself. 千万保重。 二、否定句 否定转移 1) 将think, believe, suppose, expect, fancy, imagine等动词后面宾语从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，而从句的谓语动词用肯定式。 I don't think I know you.我想我并不认识你。 I don' t believe he will come.我相信他不回来。 注意：若谓语动词为hope,宾语从句中的否定词不能转移。 I hope you weren't ill. 我想你没有生病吧。 2) 将seem, appear 等后的从句的否定转移到前面。 It doesn't seem that they know where to go. 看来他们不知道往哪去。
高考英语二轮语法精讲精练-强调句和倒装句 倒装是一种语法手段。 在英语中，主语和谓语的语序通常是主语在前，谓语在后。但有时谓语的全部或一部分却提到主语的前面，这种语序叫做倒装。倒装的原因，一是语法结构的需要，一是为了强调。强调句为了使句子的某一个成分受到强调，改变句子结构。 高考重点要求： 掌握部分倒装，全部倒装的句型及倒装形式 掌握倒装句的都中使用方式 知识点概述 一、强调句 为了突出某一部分重要信息，常常借用语法中的变换句子的正常语序，将某个成分置于句首或句末，或者通过词汇手段突出句子的某个成分。 1. it 为先行词的强调结构 It was Li Ping who told me the news. (强调人时才能用who) It was in the park that I met him. (强调地点不能用where，只能用that) It was yesterday that I saw him off at the airport. (强调时间不能用when，只能用that) 2. 助动词do 的强调作用 在行为动词作谓语的句子中，常用“助动词do或did”+ 谓语“动词原形”表示强调语气。例如：She did go to see him yesterday. We do have four lessons in the morning. 二、倒装句 句子的排列顺序，通常是主语在前，谓语在后。倒装语序，谓语在前，主语在后。陈述句一般都是自然语序，一般疑问句都是倒装语序。 例如：He speaks English.(陈述句，自然语序) Does he speak English?(疑问句倒装语序) 倒装语序： 全部倒装，整个谓语放在主语之前。 部分倒装，谓语中需要强调的是一部分放在主语之前，其他部分仍放在主语之后。 倒装语序的作用，着重强调部分放在句首，引人注目。变化句子，使句子生动活泼。 例如：The bus comes home.(自然语序) Here comes the bus.(倒装语序) 倒装句除疑问句及“there + be “句之外，陈述句为了强调谓语或谓语某个部分也常可用倒装句，另外so,neither,no等词经常用于对话简略答语的句首，用倒装语序避免重复。 第二节实战演练 一、复习时需注意的要点 1. 全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。 例如：Here he comes.Away they went. 当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时，不可用倒装结构。意为"的确如此"。例如：Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did. —It's raining hard. —So it is.
高中文言文特殊句式：倒装句之宾语前置 动词可以带宾语，介词也可以带宾语。在文言文里，宾语通常也是放在动词或介词后边。在文言文里，宾语前置是有条件的。 文言文中宾语提到动词前面，大致有三种情况： (1)否定句中代词作宾语，宾语置于动词前。所谓否定句是表示否定的句子，即凡句中有否定副词“不”、“弗”、“未”、“非”、“否”、“毋”或表示否定的动词“无”或无定代词“莫”，这种句子叫否定句。如果它的宾语是代词，一般放在动词谓语之前。如： ①古之人不余欺也。(苏轼《石钟山记》) ②世溷浊而莫余知兮，吾方高驰而不顾。(屈原《离骚》) (2)疑问句中，疑问代词作宾语，放在动词谓语之前。 在古汉语里，使用频率高的疑问代词为“何”字，其他还有“谁、孰、恶、安、焉、胡、奚、曷”等，它们作宾语时，也放在动词谓语之前。如： ①良问曰：“大王来何操？” (司马迁《鸿门宴》) ②沛公安在？(司马迁《鸿门宴》) (3)用“之”或“是”把宾语提到动词前，以加重语气。这种现象古汉语中并不多见。如： ①譬若以肉投馁虎，何功之有哉！
②句读之不知，惑之不解。(韩愈《师说》) ③去我三十里，惟命是听。 表示动作对象的单一性和强调宾语，往往用“唯(惟)……是……”和“唯(惟)……之……”等格式，可将副词“唯(惟)”译成“只”“只是”或“专”“一定”等，而助词“之”“是”是提宾的标志，不译。如成语“唯利是图”“惟命是从”“唯你是问”“唯才是举”等，就是这种格式。 文言文中，常见的介词有“于”、“以”、“为”、“与”、“从”、“自”、“向”等，它们往往与后面的名词或名词短语结合，组成介词结构。这些在介词后的名词或名词性短语，叫介词宾语。介词宾语一般放在介词之后，文言文中在以下情况时放在介词前： (1)疑问代词作宾语，一般放在介词前。如： ①王问：“何以知之？” ②微斯人，吾谁与归？(范仲淹《岳阳楼记》) (2)介词宾语不是疑问代词，但是为了强调它，也放在介词的前面，这种情况最常见的是介词“以”的宾语前置。如： ①余是以记之。 ②一言以蔽之。(成语) (3)介词宾语是方位词，也放在介词的前面。如： 项王、项伯东向坐；亚父南向坐——亚父者，范增也；沛公北向坐；张良西向侍。(司马迁《鸿门宴》)
２０１０１２摘要：倒装句是英语中非自然语序的句子，就功能而言，分两种类型：一种是语法性倒装，另一种是修辞性倒装。倒装句的教学不能只关注语法性倒装的规则，还要分析引起倒装的原因。此外，还应放开视野，拓展到修辞性倒装的赏析。 关键词：语序前置完全倒装局部倒装强调功能衔接功能 ２０１１·１１ ZHI SHI CHUANG 26 多教一点 在高中英语教学过程中，倒装似乎只是很简单的语法，教师常常不够重视，两三节课就完成了教学任务，教会学生如何考试，学生课后的任务就是背语法规则。然而，笔者认为，在倒装的语法教学过程中，如果教师只关注倒装的语法规则，则是纯粹的应试教育，不能真正提高学生的语言运用能力和语言欣赏能力，并使语法教学失去应有的活力。 一、笔者倡导的教学过程笔者认为在倒装句的教学过程中，首先要分析倒装句出现的语言背景，介绍倒装句的准确定义和科学的分类，然后应分析倒装句的功能及赏析经典倒装句子。具体过程如下： （一）倒装句出现的语言背景英语句子在其长期发展中形成一种相对固定的语序，其共同特征是主语在前、谓语在后，即“主语+谓语”的结构，这是英语的正常语序，又叫自然语序。除状语位置比较灵活外，主语、谓语动词、宾语和补语的位置都是相对固定的。而这种语序的相对固定，又使某种打破常规改变语序的做法成为一种表示强调的手段。比如宾语和补语本来应该出现在主语和动词之后，如果把它们移至句首，便会使它们位置突出，受到强调。同样，如果把一个句首成分移至句尾，也会产生类 似的修辞效果。前者被称之为前 置，后者被称之为后置。从这个意义上来说，笔者认为，可以把英语句子的语序分为两类：自然语序和非自然语序，其中前置和后置都是非自然语序。而倒装句属于非自然语序的范畴，也是由非自然语序引起的。具体如图1所示。 如图1所示，后置是不引起倒装的。与后置对应的是前置，一般而言，宾语、主语补语和宾语补语前置通常不引起句子的倒装，状语前置常常会引起倒装。 （二）倒装的定义 根据倒装的形式，倒装句可分为两类：一种是全部倒装，一种是局部倒装。全部倒装是整个谓语置于主语之前，局部倒装仅是操作词置于主语之前。在具体的教学过程中，为了建立完整的倒装知识结构，同时方便学生记忆，笔者把局部倒装分为三类：部分倒装、as 或though 倒装和其他倒装。其中部分倒装仅指助动词置于主语前的句子；as 或though 倒装句具有其自身的特点，一般是把表语、谓语动词或副词提到句首，其他位置不变的句子；其他局部倒装的句子是某种语言成分前置的句子。具体如图2及例句。 例句： The door burst open and in rushed the crow.（完全倒装） Never have I found him in such a good mood.（部分倒装） Child as he is,he has travelled a lot.（As/though 倒装） Very grateful we are for your help.（其他局部倒装） （三）倒装的原因及规则 英语的倒装句是反常规的句子结构，根据引起倒装的原因可分为两种类型：一种是语法性倒装，也称之为强制性倒装；另一种是修辞性倒装，也称之为非强制性倒装。语法性倒装出于语法上的需要,而修辞性倒装则出于修辞和交际功能的考虑。语法性倒装是按照语法规则的要求而必须使用的变式句；修辞性倒装是指语法规则没有作出强制性要求，但使用者出于某种需要或目的而使用的。语法性倒装是完全语法化了的句式，而修辞性倒装的变式句则是没有或没有完全语法化的句式，大都是由语用因素或修辞因素决定的。 其倒装的形式都是完全倒装或部分倒装，本文将倒装的规则分为完全倒装和局部倒装两部 分，局部倒装部分遵循上文的具体分类。 （1）完全倒装通常有两种：①状语+谓语+主语；②表语+系动词+主语。第一种完全倒装句式通常需要符合三个条件：句首状语为方位词或拟声词和句首是“here,there,now,then ”的句子； 高中英语倒装句教学解析 ◎刘小青 图1图2
强调句和倒装句 倒装是一种语法手段。 在英语中，主语和谓语的语序通常是主语在前，谓语在后。但有时谓语的全部或一部分却提到主语的前面，这种语序叫做倒装。倒装的原因，一是语法结构的需要，一是为了强调。 强调句为了使句子的某一个成分受到强调，改变句子结构。 高考重点要求： 1、掌握部分倒装，全部倒装的句型及倒装形式 2、掌握倒装句的都中使用方式 第一节知识点扫描 一、强调句 为了突出某一部分重要信息，常常借用语法中的变换句子的正常语序，将某个成分置于句首或句末，或者通过词汇手段突出句子的某个成分。 1. it 为先行词的强调结构 It was Li Ping who told me the news. (强调人时才能用who) It was in the park that I met him. (强调地点不能用where，只能用that) It was yesterday that I saw him off at the airport. (强调时间不能用when，只能用that) 2. 助动词do 的强调作用 在行为动词作谓语的句子中，常用“助动词do或did” + 谓语“动词原形”表示强调语气。 例如：She did go to see him yesterday. We do have four lessons in the morning. 二、倒装句 句子的排列顺序，通常是主语在前，谓语在后。倒装语序，谓语在前，主语在后。陈述句一般都是自然语序，一般疑问句都是倒装语序。 例如：He speaks English.(陈述句，自然语序) Does he speak English?(疑问句倒装语序) 倒装语序： 全部倒装，整个谓语放在主语之前。 部分倒装，谓语中需要强调的是一部分放在主语之前，其他部分仍放在主语之后。 倒装语序的作用，着重强调部分放在句首，引人注目。变化句子，使句子生动活泼。 例如：The bus comes home.(自然语序) Here comes the bus.(倒装语序) 倒装句除疑问句及“there + be “句之外，陈述句为了强调谓语或谓语某个部分也常可用倒装句，另外so,neither,no等词经常用于对话简略答语的句首，用倒装语序避免重复。 第二节实战演练 一、复习时需注意的要点 1. 全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。 例如：Here he comes. Away they went. 当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时，不可用倒装结构。意为"的确如此"。 例如：Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did. —It's raining hard. —So it is.