什么是宾语从句
在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。
宾语从句分为三类：动词的宾语从句，介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。
一、动词的宾语从句
1. 大多数动词都可以带宾语从句
We all expect that they will win , for members of their team are stronger.
我们都预料他们会赢,因为他们的队员更强壮.
He told us that they would help us through the whole work.
他告诉我们在整个工作中,他们都会帮忙的.
2. 部分“动词+副词”结构也可以带宾语从句
I have found out that all the tickets for the concert have been sold out.
我发现这场音乐会的所有票都卖光了.
Can you work out how much we will spend during the trip?
你能计算出这次旅行我们将花费多少钱吗?
3. 动词短语也可以带宾语从句，常见的这些词有: make sure确保make up one’s mind下决心keep in mind牢记
Make sure that there are no mistakes in your papers before you turn them in.
在上交试卷前确保没有任何错误.
二、介词的宾语从句
1. 用wh-类的介词宾语从句
We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.
我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部.
The new book is about how Shenzhou 6 manned spaceship was sent up into space.
这本新书是关于神州6号载人航天飞船是如何升入太空的.
2. 用that, if引导的介词宾语从句
有时候except, but, besides三个介词后可见到that引导的宾语从句
I know nothing about my new neighbor except that he used to work with a company.
对于我的新邻居我只知道他曾在一家公司上班,其他一无所知.
三、形容词的宾语从句
常用来引导宾语从句的形容词有: sure, certain, glad, please, happy, sorry, afraid, satisfied, surprised
I am sure I will pass the exam.
我确信我会通过考试
I am sorry that I have troubled you so long.
很抱歉我这么长时间在打扰你.
He is glad that Li Ming went to see him when he was ill.
他很高兴在他生病的时候李明能去看望他.
宾语从句练习题 1.Fill in the blanks with what, when, where, why, who to complete the sentences. (1)The children don’t know ___ is in their stockings. (2)I wonder ___ she will pay me back. (3)The father asked ___ his son was going. (4)He forgot ___ gave this gift to him. （5）The teacher wants to know ___ Mary was late for school. 2.典型错句解析。 （1）He doesn’t know that when she can return him his book. （2）It’s a question of if we should help her. （3）Could you tell me where is she ? （4）He asked me when the train will arrive. （5）I don’t know that I said. 3.从A, B, C, D 中选择一个正确选项填空。 (1) The girl asked if they __ some food and drink with them. A.took B. take C. takes D. will take (2) She asked Linda if __ go and get some food. A. could she B. she could C. she can D. she may (3) Linda said the moon __ round the earth. A. travelled B. has travelled C. travels D. had travelled (4) Can you tell me __ you were born, Tom? A. who B. what C. when D. that (5) I don’t know __ they have passed the exam. A. what B. if C. when D. where (6) I can’t understand __ he has told me. A. that B. what C. which D. who (7) I don’t know __ he still lives here after so many years. A. whether B. where C. what D. when (8) Do you know __ they listened to yesterday evening? A. what B. when C. why D. how (9) He asked me __ told me the accident. A. when B. which C. who D. whose (10) Please tell me __ last year. A. where does your sister work B. where did your sister work C. where your sister works D. where your sister worked (11) She asked me if I know __ . A. whose pen is it B. whose pen it was C.whose pen it is D. whose pen was it (12) You must remember __ . A. what your mother said B. what did your mother say C. your mother said what D. that your mother said (13) Could you tell me __ ? A. when will they leave Beijing B. when would they leave Beijing C. when they will leave Beijing D. when did they leave Beijing
宾语从句 一、定义：在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。在复合句中宾语从句作主句中谓语动词、介词的宾语。 在及物动词的后面可以接一个名词来充当宾语，如：I know the man. 而这时也可以用一个句子来充当宾语，如：I know that the man is a policeman. 主句引导词从句 宾语从句三大块: 1. 引导宾语从句的连接词（从属连接词和连接代词）； 2. 宾语从句的语序； 3. 宾语从句的时态。 二、宾语从句的引导词（连接词） 作用有无意义在从句中 所做成分从属连接词that 只起连接作用无无 Whether/if 起连接作用有（表示是否）无 连接词连接代 词What 连接+从句中做成分什么（指物）主，宾，表Which 连接+从句中做成分哪一个（指物）主，宾，表who 连接+从句中做成分谁（指人主格）主，表whom 连接+从句中做成分谁（指人宾格）宾whose 连接+从句中做成分谁的（指人所有格）定 连接副词Where 连接+从句中做成分地点状语When 连接+从句中做成分时间状语Why 连接+从句中做成分原因状语How 连接+从句中做成分方式状语 1.陈述句充当宾语从句时，用that引导，that无词义，在口语或非正式文体中常省略。如：My teacher said I was a good boy.老师说我是个好男孩。 She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill. I am sure (that) he will succeed. 2.当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时，用if或whether引导，意为“是否”。如： I don’t know
公开课教案 执教人：撒拉溪中学周礼秀 2014年 9 月 17日The teaching contents(教学内容)：Object Clauses(宾语从句) The teaching goals(教学目标)： 1.掌握宾语从句的慨念，构成和用法 . 2.掌握宾语从句的三类引导词 3.掌握宾语从句的时态变化 4.掌握宾语从句的语序 The teaching important points(教学重点) 1.宾语从句的慨念 2.宾语从句的引导词 3.宾语从句的语序 4.宾语从句的时态变化 The teaching difficult points(教学难点) 1.宾语从句的时态变化 2.if 和 wether 的区别 3.when 与 if 的用法 The teaching process(教学过程) Step 1.Lead-in 复习书上的内容导入新课（ P9）, ( 叫学生划分这些句子的成分 , 引出该堂课的教学内容——宾语从句 ) Step 2. Presentaion 一 .概念：置于动词、介词等词性后面起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。如：, He said he was good at drawing. (动词宾语) He began to think about what he should do.他开始考虑应当怎样做。( 介词宾语)。 （此外，除了谓语动词、介词能带宾语从句外，动词不定式，动名词形式后面也 能带宾语从句，还有些形容词（afraid,sure,glad等）之后也可以带宾语从句。）二 . 结构：主语 +谓语 +连接词 +宾语从句
三 . 种类：根据引词不同，宾语从句可分为三类。 1.由 that 引导的宾语从句。如果宾语从句是由陈述句充当，用 that 引导，that 无词义，在口语或非正式文体中常省略。如： The teacher said (that) he is a good student . The teacher said (that )the earth goes round the sun．。 The teacher said (that) light travels much faster than sound. ( 举此例是为下面讲时态作铺垫) 2.由 if 或 whether 引导的当宾语从句。如果宾语从句是由一般疑问句充当，就 用 if或whether引导，意为“是否” 。如： I don't know if／whether it will rain today。 在宾语从句中， if和 whether 通常可以互换，但在下列情况下只能用whether ：①在具有选择意义，尤其是直接与or not 连用时，往往用 whether （if,or not 也可以使用）。如： I don't know whether or not it will rain today 。(=I don't know if it will rain or not today。 ②在介词之后用 whether 。如： I ’m thingking about whether it will rain today. ③若用 if 会引起歧义时，则用 whether 。如： Please let me know if it will rain today.可理解为： a．Please let me know whether it will rain today.请告诉我今天会不会下雨。 b．If it will rain today.，please let me know．如果今天会下雨，请告诉我。 ④ whether 置于句首时，不能换用 if。如： Whether it will rain or not today，Ican't say．今天会不会下雨，我说不上来。 ⑤引导主语从句和表语从句时宜用whether 。如： Whether it will rain or not today is still a question．今天会不会下雨还是个问题。 The question is whether it will rain or not today．问题是今天会不会下雨。 ⑥在不定式前用 whether 。如： I haven’t decided whether to go to Beijing in National Day.(= I haven’t decided to whether/if I would go to Beijing in National Day.
宾语从句练习 一、用合适的连接词填空 1. Wang Hai told me _____ he didn't go hiking yesterday afternoon.（how, why） 2. Can you tell me ______ is going to be on duty today?（who, whom） 3. She said _____ it wouldn't matter much.（that, if） 4. He always thinks ______ he can do better.（how, who） 5. I really don't know ________ the bridge will be finished.（how long, how soon） 6. They don't know _______ we are going hiking. (when, what) 7. She wanted to know _______ her coat would be ready the next day. (when, if) 8. I was really surprised at ______ I saw. (what, who) 9. I don't know ______ so many people crowding round him. (how, why) 10. Do you know ______ shirt it is? (whose, who’s) 二、句型转换 1. When does the train arrive? Please tell me.（改为宾语从句）→ Please tell me ________ _________ ________ _________. 2. What does he do? Do you know? （改为宾语从句）→ Do you know _______ he _______? 3. Do they want fried chicken? He asked the boys. （改为宾语从句）→ He asked the boys _______ they ______ fried chicken. 4. Was the watch made in Shanghai? I don't know. （改为宾语从句）→ I don't know _______ the watch _______ made in Shanghai. 5. “Do you want to try something new?” Tom's mother asked him. （改为宾语从句）Tom's mother asked him _______ _______ _______ to try something new. 6. I think this is a good idea.（改为否定句）→ I _______ ________ this ________ a good idea. 7. Lucy hasn't decided which trousers to buy.（改为复合句）→ Lucy hasn't decided ________ _________ ________ _______ buy. 8. I don't know how I can get to the hospital.（改为简单句）→ I don't know ________ ________ ________ to the hospital. 三、选择题 （）1. I don't know _____ he will be back home. A. who B. what C. when D. where ( ) 2. Could you tell me ___________? A. where do you live B. who you are waiting for C. who were you waiting for D. where you live in ( )3. Do you still remember _______? A. that he said B. what he said C. did he say that D. what did he say ( )4. I can't understand ______the boy alone. A. why she left B. why did she leave C. why she had left D. why had she left ( ) 5. She told me the sun ______ in the east. A. rise B. rose C. rises D. had risen ( ) 6. The manager came up to see __________.
特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句 一、由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如：Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for? 你知道他们在等谁吗？ I can't imagine why he did that thing．我不能想像他为什么做了那件事。 注意： （1）由于宾语从句要求陈述句语序，故而在从句中它变成了陈述语序。请看下列两组句子： How much does this coat cost? ——I want to know how much this coat costs． Where did you go yesterday? ——Please tell me where you went yesterday． （2）当疑问代词what，who在特殊疑问句中做主语时，该特殊疑问句本身就是陈述句语序，所以当该句用来做宾语时，语序不需要调整。 例如：What's wrong with you? 怎么了? ——He asked the girl what was wrong with her．What's the matter? 怎么了? —— He asked the girl what was the matter． What has happened to him? ——We want to know what has happened to him． 小试牛刀：1. I said to her. Where did you go during the holiday? 2.Mr.Ding asked . What did you do during the holiday? 二、语从句的时态 1．若主句为一般现在时或一般将来时，则从句的时态不限可视句子意义使用所需要的任何时态。 例如：Don't you think Jim is speaking too quick.难道你不认为吉姆讲的太快了吗？ He says he will come back.他说他会回来。 2．若主句是祈使句，从句谓语动词也可用所需要的任何时态。 例如：Show me which picture is yours.让我看看哪张照片是你的。 Please tell us where we will go.请告诉我要去哪里。 3．若主句是一般过去时，从句必须用过去时态的某一种。 例如：I knew she had swept the floor already.我知道她已经扫过地了。 He asked if I was doing my homework this time yesterday.他问我昨天这个时候是否在做作业。 4．若从句叙述的是客观真理、自然现象或永恒不变的规律时，则不受主句时态的限制，仍用一般现在时。 例如：Our teacher told us light travels much faster than sound.老师告诉我们光传播的速度比声音快得多。 They knew the sun is much bigger than the earth then.他们那时就知道太阳比地球大得多， He said that one and one makes two.他说一加一等于二。 小试牛刀： 1、The radio says it __________ cloudy tomorrow. (be) 2、The headmaster hopes everything __________well. (go) 3、I hear they __________ it already. (return) 4、He said that they __________ members of the Party since 1948. (be) 5、Our teacher told us in class the sun __________ in the east. (rise) 三、特殊的宾语从句———间接引语 当直接引语是特殊疑问句，改为间接引语时，用原句中的疑问词做连接词，疑问语序改为陈述语序。 例如：“What do you want?” he asked me. →He asked me what I wanted. He asked her,“Where are you going?” →He asked her where she was going. 小试牛刀： 1、She said to Tom,“How are you feeling now?”→. 2、The scientist asked me,”what are you doing?”→. 3、She asked,”How many boys are there in your class?”→ .
内容 基本要求 宾语从句 （一） 1. 定义 2. 连接词 3. 宾语从句类型 新概念二 第22课 介词 宾语从句 在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句，从句一般用陈述句语序。宾语从句分为三类：动词的宾语从句，介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。 时态：1. 主句用一般现在时，从句可用任意时态。 2. 主句用过去时，从句用过去某个时态。 3. 主句用过去时，从句是真理时，只用一般现在时。 1. 宾语从句的连接词 1）从属连词 连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有that, if, whether 。 that 引导表示陈述句的宾语从句，而if 和whether 引导表示“是否”的宾语从句。 如：He told that he would go to the college the next year. 他告诉我他明年上大学。 I don’t know if there will be a bus any more. 我不知道是否还会有公交车。 2）连接代词 连接代词主要有who, whom, whose, what, whoever, whomever, whosever, whatever, whichever 等。连接代词一般指疑问，但what, whatever 除了指疑问外，也可以指陈述。 如：Do you know who has won Red Alert game? 你知道谁赢了这一局红警游戏吗? I don’t know whom you should depend on. 我不知道你该依靠谁。 3）连接副词 连接副词主要有when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever, however 等。 如：He didn’t tell me when we should meet again. 他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面。 Could you please tell me how you read the new panel? 你能展示给我怎么用这个新的操作盘吗? 2. 宾语从句类型 1）动词的宾语从句 大多数动词都可以带宾语从句 如：We all expect that they will win, for members of their team are stronger. 我们都预料他们会赢,因为他们的队员更强壮。 He told us that they would help us through the whole work. 他告诉我们在整个工作中,他都会帮忙的。 第八讲 宾语从句（一） 本讲内容 语法考点
中考宾语从句练习题及答案 I．从下列A、B、C、D中选择一个正确选项填空。 u． A. if; Whether B. whether; Whether C. if; That D. if; If 2. I don't know _________ the day after tomorrow. 3. Could you tell me _________ the nearest hospital is? A. what B. how C. whether D. where 4. Could you tell me _________ the radio without any help? A. how did he mend B. what did he mend C. how he mended D. what he mended 5. I want to know _________. A. whom is she looking after B. whom she is looking C. whom is she looking D. whom she is looking after 6. Do you know where _________ now? A. he lives B.does he live C. he lived D. did he live 7. Do you know what time _________?A. the train leave B. does the train leave C. will the train leave D. the train leaves 8. I don't know _________. Can you tell me, please? A. how the two players are old B. how old are the two players C. the two players are how old D. how old the two players are 9. The small children don't know _________. A. what is their stockings in B. what is in their stockings C. where is their stockings in D. what in their stockings 10. I can't understand _________. A. what does Christmas mean B. what Christmas does mean C. what mean Christmas does D. what Christmas means II. 按要求转换句型。 1. Does Mr. Brown enjoy living in China? Could you tell us?（改写句子） →Could you tell us _________ Mr. Brown _________ living in China? 2. "Does the girl need any help?” he asked me.（变为复合句） →He asked me _________ the girl _________ some help． 3. Jim is not a student. Tom is not a student, either.（合并为一个句子） _________ Jim _________Tom is a student. 4. When does the train leave? I want to know.（改为含宾语从句的复合句） I want to know _________ the train _________. 5. They went home after they had finished their homework. (用not．．．until改写) They _________ go home _________ they had finished their homework． (改为含宾语从句的复合句) Li Lei wants to know _________ Peter _________ here yesterday. 宾语从句专项训练参考答案： I. 1—5DDDCD 6—10ADDBD II. 1. if／whether; enjoys 2. if／whether; needed 3. Neither; nor 4. when; leaves 5. didn't; until 6. whether; came 习题（一） 1 The girls asked if they ____ some food and drink with them. A. took B. take C. takes D. will take
2015中考英语语法专题宾语从句(教师版) ★★★★★宾语从句的引导词 【2015福建龙岩】37. — Could you tell me _______ it’s polite to eat nosily in Japan, Kumiko?—Sure, it’s polite to do that. It means you like the food very much. A. if B. where C. how 【2015山东青岛】19．I wonder ________. A. how will you celebrate Thanksgiving B. that the Water Festival is really fun. C. what do people eat on the Mid-Autumn Festival D. whether you will make resolution on New Year’s Day 【2015四川资阳】29. —Excuse me, madam. Could you please tell me _________ the bus arrives? —Sure. At 9:00. A. where B. when C. why D. how 【2015江苏苏州】12. — Excuse me, could you tell me ? — In five minutes. A. how soon will the film begin B. how soon the film will begin C. how long the film has been on D. how long has the film been on 【2015天津】37.--- Do you know ______? --- For a month. A. how long will she be away B. how long she will be away C. how often will she go there D. how often she will go there 【2015广西崇左】38. –Can you tell me ________ from here? --About five miles. A. how far is it B. how far it is C. how much it is D. how much is it 【2015江苏南通】14．—Could you please tell me ？ —By taking an online tour． A. in which way can I improve my writing skills B. how I can travel around the world in eight hours C. what places of interest we can visit at a time D. how should I get some more useful information 【2015浙江温州】9.---Ms. Petty, can you tell me _______? ----Africa. A. what the baby giraffe likes eating B. why the baby giraffe looks unhappy C. when the baby giraffe was born D. where the baby giraffe came from 【2015河北】40. －Could you tell me ______? －Talking about festivals. A. how they are playing B. what they are doing C. where they are going D. why they are practicing 【2014四川成都】40. —Excuse me, do you know______? —About five minutes’ walk. A. where the hospital is
宾语从句练习题含答案及解析 一、初中英语宾语从句 1．—I want to know ________ on WeChat （微信） every day. —About half an hour. A．how long do you spend B．how long you spend C．how soon do you spend D．how soon you spend 【答案】B 【解析】 句意：-我想知道你每天花在微信上多长时间。-大约半个小时。A. how long do you spend你花多长时间，疑问语序；B. how long you spend你花多长时间，陈述语序；C. how soon do you spend什么时候花...，疑问语序；D. how soon you spend你什么时候花...，陈述语序。根据语义可知，本句为宾语从句，在从句中要用陈述句的语序。How long多久，询问“一段时间”；how soon 多久，询问“将来的时间点”。根据答语About half an hour.可知，本题询问“一段时间”。故选B。 2．"I want to know ." said the boy opening the box. A．what's inside the box B．where the box is C．that there's some candy D．how big is the box 【答案】A 【解析】 句意：“我想知道盒子里边是什么”这个男孩打开盒子说。本题考查宾语从句。宾语从句的语序是陈述语序，排除D；根据句意排除B，C故选A。 3．―Excuse me, could you tell me ? ―There is a b ank on the second floor. You can make it there. A．where the bank is B．how I can get to the bank C．if there's a bank near here D．where I can exchange money 【答案】D 【解析】 句意：——打扰了，你能告诉我在哪里我可以兑换钱币吗？——在二楼有一个银行。你可以在那里做到。where the bank is 银行在哪里； how I can get to the bank我如何到达那个银行； if there's a bank near here 这附近有银行吗？where I can exchange money我在哪里可以兑换钱币。根据There is a bank on the second floor. You can make it there.可知此处表示在银行那里可以做到的事，应是在那里兑换钱币，故选D。 4．一Could you please tell me ?
中考人教版九年级宾语从句的详解 在复合句中，由一个句子充当宾语，这个句子叫作宾语从句。引导宾语从句的常见关联词有that, if, whether, what, who, where,why和how等。 一、宾语从句的分类: 1.动词宾语从句：顾名思义，它是位于动词后面的宾语从句。 如： He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class ．他问我们班上谁的书法最好。 2.介词宾语从句：顾名思义，它是位于介词后面的宾语从句。 如： I agree with what you said just now. 我同意你刚才说的话。 3.形容词宾语从句：顾名思义，它是位于形容词后面的宾语从句。 如： I am afraid that I will be late.恐怕我要迟到了。 二、引导宾语从句的连接词 1.that:没有含义，在宾语从句中不做成分 2.whether/if: 表示是否，在宾语从句中不做成分。 I don't know if /whether he still lives here after so many years.我不知道这么多年后，他是否还住在这里。 3.连接代词： what, which, who, whom, whose （在宾语从句中做主、宾、表和定语） 连接副词： where, when, how, why （在宾语从句中做状语） The small children don't know what is in their stockings．（what在宾语从句中做主语） 这些小孩子不知道什么在他们的长筒袜里。 Could you tell me why you were late for the meeting this morning？（why在宾语从句中做原因状语） 你能告诉我为什么你今天早上开会迟到吗？ 从句原形关联词例句 陈述句 一般疑问句特殊疑问句 I think( that )he is a good boy. that（口语或非正式文体中常省略）Mary thinks (that )the teams were fantastic. Iwonder if/whether he will have a race. whether,if(口语中常用 if ),She wonders if/whether April is a good time whether 可以加 or not，而 if 不可以to visit China. who,where,when,what,which,how Could you tell me where Lucy is? why Do you know when the shop closes today? 三、宾语从句的注意事项 1. 语序从句用陈述句语序 I don't know whether he will come or not.
宾语从句进阶练习（二） 一、单项选择 1.Do you know __________________? A. where does she live B. she lives where C. where she lives D. where she live 2. His parents wanted to know what he ______at that time. A. is doing B. was doing C. has done D. will do 3.—We don’t know ______. -- It is said that he was born in Canada. A.what he is B. when he was born C. where he comes from D. if he lives here 4．Lily’s mother looked for her for half an hour, but could not find ________? A.what Lily was B. what was Lily C. where Lily was D. where was Lily 5 .The girls asked if they ____ some food and drink with them. A. took B. take C. takes D. will take 6 .Linda said the moon___ round the earth. A. travelled B. has travelled C. travels D. had travelled 7. Could you please tell me ________ he will come here tomorrow? A. if B. weather C. what D. which 8. Could you tell me ___? A. when will they leave Beijing B. when would they leave Beijing C. when they will leave Beijing D. when did they leave Beijing 二、改错 1.Miss Zhang asked me why was I late for school. .
特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句 一、宾语从句的引导词： 由连接代词who, whom, whose,what,which 和连接副词when, where, why, how 引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词 在宾语从句中充当某个成分。 例如：Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for? 你知道他们 在等谁吗？I can't imagine why he did that thing ．我不能想像他为什 么做了那件事。 注意： （1））由于宾语从句要求陈述句语序，故而在从句中它变成了陈述语序。请看下列两组句子：How much does this coat cost? ——I want to know how much this coat costs ．Where did you go yesterday? ——Please tell me where you went yesterday ． （2））当疑问代词w hat ，who 在特殊疑问句中做主语时，该特殊疑 问句本身就是陈述句语序，所以当该句用来做宾语时，语序不需要 调整。例如：What's wrong with you? 怎么了? ——He asked the girl what was wrong with her ．What's the matter? 怎么了? ——He asked the girl what was the matter ．What has happened to him? ——We want to know what has happened to him ．小试牛刀：1. I said to her. Where did you go during the holiday? 2.Mr.Ding asked . What did you do during the holiday? 二、宾语从句的时态