形容词和副词
一、学习目标：
知识目标：1. 了解形容词和副词的构成方法；
2. 掌握形容词和副词在句子中的位置；
3. 掌握形容词和副词的基本用法；
能力目标：能够正确地使用形容词和副词。
情感目标：帮助同学们进行知识的归纳总结，拓宽知识面。
二、重点、难点：
1. 形容词作表语、宾语补足语和修饰不定代词的用法；
2. 副词修饰动词作状语；
3. 形容词、副词的比较等级。
三、考情分析：
近年来，全国各地的中考英语试题对形容词和副词的考查主要集中在以下四方面：1. 对形容词的考查重点是比较等级的用法，其作表语、宾语补足语和修饰不定代词的用法；
2. -ing形式与-ed形式形容词的辨析；
3. 对副词的考查重点是副词修饰动词作状语，以及副词的比较级与最高级；
4. 形容词与副词在语境中的词义辨析等。
四、知能提升：
（一）知识讲解
形容词
用来修饰名词，表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征的词叫形容词。
Ⅰ、形容词的构成：
1. 本身即为形容词的词（如red, glad, nice, beautiful）
2. 由“名词+y”构成的形容词
sun→sunny wind→windy fun→funny cloud→cloudy
noise→noisy luck→lucky
3. 加后缀构成的形容词
（如-able, -ent, -en, -al, -ful, -less等）
comfort→comfortable nation→national wood→wooden differ→different
care→careful hope→hopeless
4. 由“名词+ly”构成的形容词：friend→friendly
Ⅱ、形容词的用法及位置
<一>作定语
形容词修饰名词时放于名词之前；修饰不定代词时，放于不定代词之后。如：
1. What beautiful flowers！
2. The nice girl is my sister.
3. He wants to do something different this time.
4. I have something important to tell you.
【考题链接】
①Shirley has done a lot for the tourists. She is really a (help) guide.
答案：helpful
解题思路：guide“导游”，是一个名词，其前应用形容词作定语来修饰。
②As we know, Liu Xiang is a （成功的）player.
答案：successful
解题思路：句意“众所周知，刘翔是一个成功的运动员”。player是一个名词，前面“成
功的”应该用形容词形式，形容词作定语来修饰名词。
<二>作表语
在be动词、感官动词taste（尝起来），smell（闻起来），sound（听起来），look（看起来），feel（摸上去）以及become, get, turn,grow等系动词后用形容词作表语。如：He is young.
She looks happy today.
The food tastes delicious.
【考题链接】
①The old woman looked （着急的）because she couldn’t find her purse.
答案：worried
解题思路：句意“那位老太太看上去很着急，因为她找不到她的钱包了”。look在本句
中是感官动词，意为“看起来”，其后要接形容词作表语。
②The dish smells and you’d better throw it away.
A. good
B. well
C. bad
D. badly
答案：C
解题思路：句意“这道菜闻起来味道不好，你最好把它扔掉”。smell在本句中是感官动
词，意为“闻起来”，其后要接形容词作表语。D. badly副词；B. well作形容词，表示“身
体好的”，作副词，表示“好的”，不合题意；A. good形容词“好的”，不合题意。所以选C。
<三>作宾语补足语
放在宾语之后，常与make, leave, keep等动词连用。如：
You should keep your room clean every day.
What makes you sad?
Don’t leave the door open when you go out.
【考题链接】
Your room is very dirty. You should keep it .
A. clean
B. dry
C. quiet
答案：A
解题思路：根据句意“你的房间很脏。你应该保持它的干净”。可知选A。keep + 宾语
<四>形容词的顺序
1、冠词/代词+形容词+名词：a beautiful girl一个漂亮的女孩
an excellent musician一个卓越的音乐家
your favourite music你最喜欢的音乐
2、形容词的后置：
1)当名词前面有表示量度的词或词组时，形容词要放在所修饰的名词后面。
London is a city about two thousand years old.伦敦是一个大约有两千年历史的城市。当量度词组与形
容词一起构成合
=London is about a two-thousand-year-old city.
Last year we built a building thirteen storeys high .去年我们盖了一栋十三层的高楼。 =Last year we built a thirteen-storey-high building.
2) 带有表示量度的词或词组作表语时，形容词要后置。 The bridge is a hundred meters long .这座桥长达一百米。 The building is thirteen storeys high .这座建筑有十三层高。 3) 一些形容词或形容词词组常放在句首或句尾，作状语。 He returned home, tired and hungry.他又累又饿地回到了家。
Cold and hungry, she walked in the street.她走在街道上，又冷又饿。
Ⅲ、-ing 形式与-ed 形式形容词的辨析
-ed 形容词多形容人的情绪或感受，主语一般是人。-ing 形容词多形容客观事物体现在外的性质，主语或修饰的词一般是物。 【考题链接】
Nancy doesn ’t enjoy her job anymore. She ’s because every day she does exactly the same thing.
A. relaxing
B. relaxed
C. boring
D. bored 答案：D
解题思路：-ed 形容词的主语一般是人，-ing 形容词的主语或它所修饰的词一般是物。首先排除A 和C ；根据前句意思“Nancy 不再喜欢她的工作”，可判断是“厌烦了”，因此选D 。
IV. 形容词的特殊用法
有些形容词可以和定冠词the 连用，表示一类人或事物。这时，它相当于一个名词，可以作主语或宾语。表示一类人时，看作复数；表示一类事物是，看作单数。 Bobin hated the rich and love th poor. The wounded/old are well looked after. We all love the beautiful. ［即学即练］ 1. —Look! How the boys are! —Yes. They won the game this afternoon. A. exciting B. excitement C. excite D. excited 2. Who left the windows ?
A. open
B. opening
C. opened
D. opens 3. —Mum, Bill is coming to dinner this evening. —OK. Let ’s give him to eat. C. anything different D. different something 4. The sea looks very when the sun is shining on it. A. beautiful B. more beautiful C. the most beautiful 5. She told us a story. Her voice sounded . A. sweet B. small C. clearly D. sadly
6. George was frightened to see a snake in the grass. His face turned . A. pale B. clean C. sadly D. happily
the young 年轻人 the aged 老人 the sick 病人 the deaf 聋哑人 the blind 盲人 the smooth 顺利的事 the impossible 不可能的事
7. Harry Potter is an book for children, but my cousin isn’t in it at all.
A. interesting; interesting
B. interested; interested
C. interesting; interested
D. interested; interesting
8. I like working here because everyone is (friend).
9. The Greens are (happy) to live in this (noise) street. They want to move to another place.
10. Susan often goes swimming in summer when it’s warm and （sun）.
副词
修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或句子，说明时间、地点、程度、方式等概念的词称为副词。
Ⅰ、副词的分类：
1. 时间副词
（1）表示何时：
now, today等（表现在）
then, yesterday, last night, …ago, just now, a moment ago等（表过去）
tomorrow, next week, tonight等（表将来）
这类副词是确定动词时态的标志，是解题的突破口。
（2）表示频度：always, usually, often, sometimes, never, every day, hardly, twice a week等。
（3）表示其他时间关系：already, early, since, still, at once, at first, at last等。
2. 地点副词
here, there, home, upstairs, downstairs, somewhere等。
3. 方式副词一般用来回答“怎样地”这类问题，像well, hard, slowly等。
4. 程度副词多用于修饰形容词、副词、动词或介词短语。常见的有much, a little, a bit, very, too, enough, quite等。
5. 疑问副词
how, when, where, why用于引导一个特殊疑问句，提出疑问。另有由how组成的疑问副词短语how often, how far, how soon, how long, how much等。
Ⅱ、副词的构成
1. 本身即为副词：now, very, there, how, too, well等。
2. 与形容词形式相同的副词：early, late, high, wide等。
3. 由“形容词+ly”构成的副词：
slow→slowly quick→quickly clear→clearly bad→badly
4. 一些形容词本身即可作副词，而加ly之后也为副词，但意义不同。如：
hard努力地，狠狠地hardly 几乎不；wide宽地widely广泛地；high高高地highly高度地
His parents hit him hard.
His parents hardly hit him.
5. 有些以ly结尾的词是形容词，而不是副词。如：
friendly（友好的）；lonely（孤独的）；lovely（可爱的）
6. 有些形容词和副词同形
因为这类词的形容词和副词同形，所以要看它在句中具体修饰什么词来判断它到底是形容词还是副词。
This kind of wood is hard. 这种木材硬。
He studies hard.他努力学习。
He looks well. 看起来他身体不错。
He works well. 他工作得很好。
Ⅲ、副词在句中的作用
<一>作状语：修饰形容词或动词
He works hard.
It’s raining heavily.
You are quite right.
The boy is too young.
【考题链接】
①Hand-foot-mouth disease is terrible, but I believe that we Chinese can beat it （成功地）.
答案：successfully
解题思路：副词在谓语动词之后作状语。
②He’s so strong that he can carry the box （容易地）.
答案：easily
解题思路：副词在谓语动词之后作状语。
<二>作定语：少数地点副词和时间速记可以作定语，放在所修饰词的后面。
The students here are all from Tianjin.
副词作定语和介词短语作定语一样，一律后置。
The students in the room are all from Tianjin.
<三>作表语：作表语的副词多数是表示位置的，如in, out, on, back, down, up, lff, upstair 等。
Is he in?
What’s on this evening?
My mother has been away for a week.
Ⅳ、副词的位置
1. 一般副词作状语时，放在谓语动词之后。如果谓语动词后带宾语，则放在宾语后面。
He is jumping happily.
The boy is doing his homework carefully.
2. 地点副词、时间副词和方式副词一般放在句尾。
They live here.
I’ll meet him at the station tomorrow.
The boy runs quickly.
3. 频率副词在句中的位置
在be动词、情态动词、助动词之后，行为动词之前。
She is always kind to us.
I can never forget the day.
The work has never been done.
He often goes to school early.
[练一练]
A: I didn ’t know you take a bus to school.
B: Oh, I take a bus, but it is snowing today. A. hardly B. never C. sometimes https://www.doczj.com/doc/2314937892.html,ually
4. 程度副词在句中的位置
1）修饰动词时，位置与频度副词的情况相似。
He is almost forty years old.
He can hardly understand you.
I quite like the boy.
2） 修饰形容词、副词时，程度副词位于它所修饰的词的前面。 He tudies much harder now. The room is big enough to hold fifty persons. He runs fast enough.
5. 修饰全句的副词一般位于句首，用来修饰整个句子，表示说话人对话语的态度。 Luckily, she was in when I called. 【考题链接】
Don’t worry. He is to look after little Betty.
A. carefully enough
B. enough careful
C. careful enough
D. enough carefully
答案：C
解题思路：enough 作副词修饰形容词或副词时，要放在所修饰词的后面，所以排除B 和D 。空白处前面是be 动词，因此应该填形容词。故选C 。
［即学即练］
1. —Look, it ’s raining .
—That ’s great. It ’s too hot these days. A. greatly B. heavily C. quickly D. hardly 2. the weather was not so wet as it is today and we played happily. A. Lucky B. Luckily C. Unlucky D. Unluckily 3. I’m sure I’ve seen him , but I can ’t remember the right place. A. anywhere B. nowhere C. somewhere D. everywhere 4. I didn ’t sleep last night. I feel tired now. A. well B. nice C. fine D. good 5. —Mr Li is very popular among the students.
—Yes. His classes are lively and interesting. A. always B. sometimes C. hardly D. never 6. —Mum, I think I’m to get back to school.
—Oh, dear. You ’d better stay at home for another day or two. 7. Though he studied at Russian for ten months, he can still speak the language.
A. hard; hard
B. hardly; hardly
C. hard; hardly
D. hardly; hard 8. — do you like the movie? —Very interesting. A. How B. Who C. What D. When
“非常，很” very 用于修饰原级：very big 非常大 much 用于修饰比较级：much bigger 大得多 very much 修饰动词：I like English very much.我很喜欢英语。 只有enough 修饰形容词、副词时，要放在所修饰词之后。
Ⅴ、形容词和副词的级
大多数形容词和副词有原级、比较级和最高级。原级即形容词或副词的原形，比较级和最高级的构成如下：
类别构成方法原级比较级最高级
单音节词和少数双音节词一般直接加-er，-est long
tall
longer
taller
longest
tallest 以不发音的e结尾时
加-r，-st
late
large
later
larger
latest
largest 以辅音字母加y结尾
时，把y变i，再加-er，
-est
easy
happy
easier
happier
easiest
happiest
以重读闭音节结尾且
末尾只有一个辅音字
母时，双写最后的辅音
字母，再加-er，-est
big
hot
bigger
hotter
biggest
hottest
多音节词和部分双音节词在原级前加more，
most
careful more careful most careful
beautiful more beautiful most beautiful
2. 以ly结尾的副词，除early外，比较级、最高级都用在其前加more，most的形式。
原级比较级最高级
early earlier earliest
slowly more slowly most slowly
quickly more quickly most quickly
bravely more bravely most bravely
3. 不规则变化。
原级比较级最高级
good / well better best
many / much more most
little less least
bad /badly /ill worse worst
old older（年纪较大的）
elder（较年长的）oldest（年纪最大的）eldest（最年长的）
far farther（较远）
further（进一步）farthest（最远）furthest（最大限度）
*有些副词没有比较等级的变化，如：now, never, then, here, always, how
Ⅵ、形容词、副词原级的用法：
1. 说明人或事物自身的特征、性质或状态时用原级。
The flowers in the garden are beautiful.
He runs fast.
2. 有表示绝对概念的副词very, too, so, enough, quite 等修饰时，用原级。 The boy is too young.
He plays the piano very well.
3. 表示A 与B 在某一方面程度相同或不同时用形容词或副词的原级。 肯定句中的结构：“A …+ as +形容词/副词原级 + as + B ”。
Tom is as tall as Jack.
He runs as fast as I.
否定句中的结构：“A …+ not+…as/so +形容词/副词原级 + as + B ”。 I don ’t do my homework as (so) carefully as you.
She isn ’t as (so) careful as you.
否定句的结构相当于less +形容词/副词原级+ than 。
This movie is less interesting than that one.
Ⅶ、形容词/副词比较级的用法
1. 表示两者进行比较时用形容词或副词的比较级，其结构为“A …+ 比较级+than + B ”。表示“A 比B 更……”。如：
This room is bigger than that one. I am taller than you.
注意：为了避免重复，在从句中常用the one, that, those 等词来替代前面出现过的名词。其中the one 替代可数名词的单数形式，the ones 或those 替代可数名词的复数形式，that 替代不可数名词。如：
In winter, the weather of Beijing is colder than that of Shanghai The students of Class One study harder than those of Class Two.
2. 前面有表示程度的副词a little, a bit, a lot, much, even, far 等修饰时，用形容词/副词的比较级。
It ’s much warmer today.
This problem is a lot more difficult than that one.
3. 表示两者之间“哪一个更……”时，用句型“Which/Who is +形容词/副词比较级，A or B?”表示。如：
Which is bigger, an elephant or a panda? Who is taller, Mike or Ted?
4. 表示“两者之中比较……的一个(of the two)”时，常用“the + 比较级”结构。如： Bob is the taller of the two boys.
5. 表示“越来越……”时，用比较级的重叠结构，即“比较级+ and + 比较级”，多音节词和部分双音节词用“more and more + 原级”的结构。如：
The weather is getting warmer and warmer.
6. 表示“越……就越……”时，用“the + 比较级， the +比较级”结构。如： The more you eat, the fatter you will be. The more you study, the more you know.
Ⅷ、形容词/副词最高级的用法
1. 表示三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时，用最高级形式。形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the ，副词的最高级前可不加。句末常接一个in/of 短语来表示范围。
as …as …can 和as …as … possible 表示“尽可能……” I ’ll arrive as early as I can.
=I ’ll arrive as early as possible. I will write you back as quickly as I can. =I will write you back as quickly as
possible.
What’s the best sport in summer?
Li Dong sings best of the four boys.
2. 表示在三者或三者以上的人或物中进行选择时，用“Which/Who is the +最高级，A, B or C?”结构。如：
Which is the most beautiful, Beijing, Shanghai or Guangzhou?
3. 表示“最……的之一”时，用“one of the +形容词最高级+可数名词的复数”结构。如：
Zhou Jielun is one of the most popular singers.
4. 形容词最高级前可以加序数词，表示“第几最……”。如：
The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.
5. 形容词最高级前有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等修饰时，不能再用定冠词the。如：
Li Ming is my best friend.
6. 形容词比较级结构可以表示最高级含义。如：
Li Lei is the tallest student in his class.
=Li Lei is taller than any other student in his class.
=Li Lei is taller than the other students in his class.
［即学即练］
1. The flowers are beautiful.
A. still
B. very
C. even
D. far
2.—I think English is French.
—I don’t agree with you.
A. less popular than
B. the most popular
C. so popular as
D. as more popular as
3. I am much today, but she is even .
A. well; ill
B. well; worse
C. better; ill
D. better; worse
4. Of the two American students, Lucy is one. I think you can find her easily.
A. tallest
B. the taller
C. taller
D. the tallest
5. If you like the chicken, you may have as as you can.
A. much
B. many
C. more
D. little
6. Chongqing is bigger than in Japan.
A. any other city
B. all the other cities
C. any city
D. the other cities
7. The boy is getting .
A. taller and taller
B. more and more tall
C. tall and taller
D. more taller and taller
8. If you want to be , you have to eat food and take exercise.
A. thinner; less; more
B. thinner; little; more
C. thin; few; less
D. thinner; fewer; less
9. Mary’s brother is a doctor. He is four years than her.
10. My mother gets up in my family.
A. earlier
B. earliest
C. the most early
D. more early
形容词和副词的用法 作用: 1. 形容词： （1）形容词在句中常修饰名词和代词。 A good boy. Someth ing important _________ （2）形容词在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语。 Our country is a beautiful country.（ 作定语） The meal is delicious.（ 作表语） We keep our classroom clean and tidy. （ _____ 作宾语补足语 ） 2. 副词： （1） 副词在句中修饰动词、副词、形容词、全句（ Luckily ）。 She speaks English well. Luckily, I passed the exam. （2） 副词在句中可作状语、表语、和定语。 He studies very hard. _（ 作状语）When will you be back. _______ （作表语） very ， too, so, really, quite, pretty —、位置 1. 形容词：通常要放在所修饰的名词之前， 但要放在不定代词 之后。 2. 副词： 1 ）多数副词作状语时放在行为动词之后。如果动词带宾语，则放在宾语之后。 Mr. Smith works very hard. She speaks En glish well. 2） 频度副词作状语时，通常放在行为动词之前，情态动词、 He usually gets up early. I am n ever late for school. 3） 程度副词一般放在所修饰的名词前面。 He runs very fast. 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级。 大多数形容词和副词有三个等级：原级、比较级、最高级。原级指形容词和副词的原 形；比较级用来表示“较……”或“更……一些”；最高级则表示“最 一、形容词和副词的原级： 1. 表示两者（A 与B ）在某一方面相同时用句型： A + 谓语+ as + 形容词或副词的原形 + as+ B. eg: ① Tom 禾口 Sam 一样高。 Tom is as tall as Sam. 常用来修饰原级的词有: (something 、anything …) be 动词和助动词之后。
形容词和副词比较级的用法 形容词和副词的用法 1. 形容词是用来描写或修饰名词或代词的一类词。 在句中主要做定语和表语等成分。做定语时修饰名词或代词（一般为不定代词），修饰名词时常放于名词前，修饰不定代词时常放于不定代词后，做表语时和系动词（简称系词）连用，构成一个系表结构。例如： Can you hear the loud noise? （定语）你听见大的吵闹声了吗？ The noise is very loud . （表语）吵声很大 The quiet girl is my sister. （定语）那个安静的女孩是我妹妹。 My sister looks very quiet . （表语）我妹妹看起来很安静。 He lives a happy life. （定语）他过着幸福生活。 He feels happy. （表语）他感觉很快乐。 There is something wrong with the car. （定语）这个小车出毛病了。 I have nothing new to tell you. （定语）我没什么新东西告诉你。 Do you have anything interesting to tell us? （定语）你有一些有趣的东西告诉我们吗？ 2. 常和形容词连用构成系表结构的连系动词有： look （看起来，看上去），feel （感觉），taste （尝起来），smell （闻起来），get （变得），turn（变），become（成为，变得），sound （听起来）等。 例如：The weather gets warmer and the trees turn green in spring. 春天天气变暖和了，树变绿了。 The flowers smell sweet. 这些花闻起来很香。 The soup taste nice. 这汤尝上去很好吃。 You look fine. 你看起来气色很好。 3. 副词是用以修饰动词，形容词，其他副词以及全句的词例如： The men and the women walk quickly. 这些男女走得很快。 The children walk slowly. 孩子们走得很慢。 They often laugh loudly. 他们经常大声地笑。 1．原级的构成和用法 l)构成：形容词，副词的原级形式是形容词，副词的原形． 2)用法：表示双方在程度，性质，特征等某方面相等时，用“as 十原级形容词或副词十as”的结构；表示双方不相等时，用“not so (as)十原级形容词或副词十as”的结构；表示一方是另一方的若干倍时，用“倍数十as 十原级形容词或副词十as”的结构． 例如：This building looks not so (as) high as that one． Ms．Sun speaks English as fluently as you． This room is three times as large as that one. 2．比较级的构成和用法 1)比较级和最高级的构成： ①单音节形容词以及少数以- er，- ow结尾的形容词和副词加“er”， great greater narrow narrower fast faster clever cleverer ②以e结尾的单音节形容词和副词后以及少数以- ble，- ple结尾的双音节形容词和副词后，加“r”，. large larger able abler simple simpler ③以一个辅音结尾的单音节形容词，其前的元音字母发短元音时，该辅音字母要双写，然后加“er”，“. hot hotter ④以辅音加y结尾的形容词和少数不是形容词加ly构成的副词要将y改为i，再加“er”， easy easier early earlier happy happier ⑤一般双音节词、多音节形容词和副词在原级前加more
形容词和副词(用法和比最级)第一形容词与副词的区别与用法 形容词，译为中文为：..... 的如:happy 副词,译为中文为：......... 地如:happily 1). 将下列形容词变为副词。 quiet --- _________________ hopeful --- _______________ hard-- _____________ fortunate --- _______________ correct --- ____________ lucky --- _________________ 快乐的beautiful 美丽的 快乐地slowly 慢慢地 beautiful --- _________ fast busy - terrible -- cheerful --- _______________ 根据位置来确定 形容词位置：系动词后+adj Adj+ 名词如: I am happy. 女口：I am a happy girl. 副词位置：Adv+ 动词Luckily, she can walk. 动词+Adv she walks in the bridge slowly 2). 词性转换 1. Please do your homework _______ . (careful) 2. She is ____ (careful )and never makes mistakes( 犯错误) 3. The work isn't hard. I can finish it ___ . (easy/easily) 4. The plane landed ______ (safe/safely) and we were _______________ (safe/safely). 5.I had a _______ (strange/strangely) dream last night. 6. Dogs can help blind people walk across the street ____________ . (safe) 7. Please read the test paper ___________ before you do it. (careful) 第二形容词的用法： 1. 系动词+ 形容词adj. 系动词: 1)Be ：is am are 是 2)Seem ：看上去 3)五种感官：look sound feel taste smell 4)变化的词：become get grow come prove go fall 5)保持的词：stay remain keep I am happy. The food tastes delicious. 练习：1. It's going to be ________ (rain, rainy). 2. This girl is very _______ (kind, kindly). She often helps others. 3. The idear sounds ________ (good/well). 4. She looks _______ (unhappy, unhappily). 5. She looks at the book __________ (careful carefully). 2、Adj+名词 ----------- 大多数形容词作定语修饰名词时放在名词前，说明名词的品质或特征。 She is a tall girl. She is weari ng a gree n coat good ---
高中英语——形容词和副词 一、考点、热点回顾 形容词 1、形容词的一般用法 （1）.作定语，一般放在所修饰词的前面。 It’s a cold and windy day. （2.）作表语，放在系动词的后面。(look, feel, smell, sound….) He looks happy today. （3.）形容词修饰something，anything，nothing，everything等复合不定代词时，须放在其后。Would you like something hot to drink？ （4.）表示长、宽、高、深及年龄的形容词，应放在相应的名词之后。 How long is the river？It’s about two hundred metres long. （5.）只能作表语的形容词：afraid；alone；asleep；awake；alive；well健康的；ill；frightened The man is ill.（正） The ill man is my uncle.（误） （6.）只能作定语的形容词：little小的；only唯一的；wooden木质的；woolen羊毛质的；elder年长的 My elder brother is in Beijing.（正） My brother is elder. （误） （7）.貌似副词的形容词：lonely；friendly；lively；lovely 2、形容词常用句型 （1）.“It’s +adj.+of+sb.+不定式”表示“某人（做某事）怎么样”。=Sb +be +adj+to do sth 注意：这一句型中常用描述行为者的性格、品质的形容词，如good，kind，nice，polite ，clever ，foolish ，lazy ，careful，careless，right（正确的），wrong等。 It’s very kind of you to help me.（=You are very kind to help me.） （2）.“It’s+adj.+for+sb.+不定式”表示“做某事对某人来说怎么样”。=To do sth is adj for sb . 注意：这一句型中常用的形容词有important，necessary，difficult，easy，hard，dangerous，safe，useful，pleasant，interesting，impossible等。 It’s not easy for them to learn a foreign language.（=To learn a foreign language is not easy for them.）（3）.表示感情或情绪的形容词，如glad，pleased，sad，thankful等常接不定式。 I’m very sad to hear the bad news. （4.）表示能力和意志的形容词，如ready（乐意的，有准备的），able（有能力的），sure（一定），certain （一定）等常接不定式。 Lei Feng is always ready to help others. He is sure to get to school on time. 副词 1、副词的分类 副词按词汇意义可分为： 方式副词：well，fast，slowly，carefully，quickly 程度副词：very，much，enough，almost，rather，quite
形容词和副词比较级、最高级的用法 1．原级的构成和用法 l)构成：形容词，副词的原级形式是形容词，副词的原形． 2)用法：表示双方在程度，性质，特征等某方面相等时，用“as 十原级形容词或副词十as”的结构；表示双方不相等时，用“ not so (as)十原级形容词或副词十as”的结构；表示一方是另一方的若干倍时，用“倍数十as十原级形容词或副词十 as”的结构． 例如： This building looks not so (as) high as that one． Ms．Sun speaks English as fluently as you． This room is three times as large as that one. 2．比较级和最高级的构成和用法 1)比较级和最高级的构成： ①单音节形容词以及少数以- er，- ow结尾的形容词和副词加“er”，“est”．例如： great greater greatest narrow narrower narrowest fast faster fastest clever cleverer cleverest ②以e结尾的单音节形容词和副词后以及少数以- ble，- ple结尾的双音节形容词和副词后，加“r”，“st”.例如： large larger largest able abler ablest simple simpler simplest ③以一个辅音结尾的单音节形容词，其前的元音字母发短元音时，该辅音字母要双写，然后加“er”，“est”.例如： hot hotter hottest ④以辅音加y结尾的形容词和少数不是形容词加ly构成的副词要将y改为i，再加“er”，“est”，例如： easy easier easiest early earlier earliest happy happier happiest ⑤一般双音节词、多音节形容词和副词在原级前加more或most．例如： beautiful more beautiful most beautiful carefully more carefully most carefully ⑥少数单音节形容词也加more和most构成比较级和最高级。例如： tired more tired most tired pleased more pleased most pleased ⑦下列形容词、副词的比较级和最高级可有两种构成方法． cruel crueler cruelest more cruel most cruel often oftener oftenest more often most often strict stricter strictest more strict most strict friendly friendlier friendliest more friendly most friendly ⑧下列形容词，副词的比较级和最高级的构成不规则．
形容词与副词专项训练（一） 一、写出下列形容词或副词的比较级与最高级形式。 、用所给单词的正确形式填空 1.Which is _______ (easy) to learn, fishing or swimming? 2.It makes _______ (little) time to go to Beijing by plane than by train. 3.This T-shirt is too small for me. Would you buy me a _______ (large) one? 4.Xi ' an is one of ________________ (old) capital in China. 5.It will be bad for your health to eat ___________ (much) food and take _________ (little) exercise. 6.I think English is ______________ (useful) than before. 7.The Great Wall of China is one of ____________ (great) wonders in the world. 8.She is becoming ____________ (beautiful) than before. 9.The weather is getting _______ and _______ (cold). 10.The ________ (much) you practice, the _______ (easy) it becomes. 三、单项选择。 1.My sister is getting ____
形容词的比较级和最高级: 形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在形容词的原级形式的基础上变化的。分为规则变化和不规则变化。 规则变化如下: 1) 单音节形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在词尾加 -er 和 -est 构成。 great (原级) greater(比较级) greatest(最高级) 2) 以 -e 结尾的单音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加 -r 和 -st 构成。 nice (原级) nicer(比较级) nicest(最高级) 3)少数以-ow, -ple结尾的双音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加 -er 和 -est 构成。 narrow (原级) narrower(比较级)narrowest(最高级) simple (原级) simpler(比较级) simplest(最高级) 4) 以 -y 结尾,但 -y 前是辅音字母的形容词的比较级和最高级是把 -y 去掉,加上 -ier 和-est 构成. happy (原形) happier (比较级) happiest (最高级) 5) 以一个辅音字母结尾其前面的元音字母发短元音的形容词的比较级和最高级是双写该辅音字母然后再加 -er和-est。 big (原级) bigger (比较级) biggest (最高级) 6) 以–ing/ -ed结尾, 比较级和最高级需用more 和 most 加在形容词前面来构成。 boring (原级) more boring (比较级) most boring (最高级) interested (原级) more interested (比较级) most interested (比较级) 7) 以两个辅音结尾的形容词，比较级和最高级需用more 和 most 加在形容词前面来构成。 strict (原级) more strict (比较级) most strict (最高级) 8) 其他双音节和多音节形容词的比较级和最高级需用more 和 most 加在形容词前面来构成。beautiful (原级) more beautiful (比较级) most beautiful (比较级) 副词的比较等级: 副词和形容词一样,也有它的比较级和最高级形式. 可以参考形容词的变换形式。但以词尾 -ly 结尾的副词（除 early ）须用 more 和 most 。 hard harder hardest fast faster fastest early earlier earliest warmly more warmly most warmly 常用的不规则变化的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级: 原级比较级最高级 good/well—better— best many— more —most much— more —most little — less —least bad/badly —worse —worst far — farther — farthest —further— furthest （far有两种比较级和最高级形式 farther/farthest多指距离上远近，further/furthest 多指程度上远近） old — older —oldest old — elder — eldest （old 有两种比较级和最高级形式 elder/eldest 只用于兄弟姐妹的长幼关系。） My elder brother is an engineer. 我的哥哥是个工程师。 Mary is the eldest of the three sisters. 玛利是三个姐妹中最大的。 late—later晚些的)—latest最晚的，近期的） late—latter（后者的）—last （最后的）I will see you later. 一会儿见。 His latest book is selling very well.他最近的新书十分畅销。 If offered red or white, I would choose the latter wine. 如果有人问我要白酒还是红酒，我选择后者。 That is the last time I invite him to dinner. 那是最后一次我请他吃饭。
形容词与副词专项训练 1. Norway is one of ________ European countries with a large land area than Britain, Ireland or Italy. A. as big B. the biggest C. so big D. the bigger 2. Five of Henry’s children were at the wedding party, including ________ , Daniel. A. an oldest one B. the oldest one C. the old one D. an old one 3. —Can Li Hua help me with my English? —I regret to tell you her English is ________ yours. A. as good as B. no more than C. not better than D. as much as 4. I can’t pay ________ as he asked for. A. a as high price B. as a high price C. as high price D. as high a price 5. —Are you satisfied with Jack’s job? —Not in the least. It couldn’t be ________ . A. so bad B. any worse C. much better D. the best 6. — What does the model plane look like? —Well, the wings of the plane are ________ of its body. A. more than the length twice B. twice more than the length C. more than twice the length D. more twice than the length 7. It was ________ that both my son and my daughter couldn’t put it down. A. such interesting a book B. so interesting a book C. a such interesting book D. so an interesting book 8. Miss Langham arm in arm with Mr Peabody —— ________ sight! A. how astonishing a B. so an astonishing C. what astonishing a D. such an astonishing 9. During the ________ , he enjoyed a good primary education. A. first few happy years abroad B. first happy few years abroad C. happy first few abroad years D. first abroad few happy years 10. In the 27th Olympic Games, Liu Hongyu was supposed to win the gold medal in jogging; she failed to, ________ . A. yet B. though C. although D. anyway 12. Don’t worry about me. I’ll forget it ________ . A. for long B. sooner C. any longer D. in time 13. —Would you like some wine?
中考英语总复习--形容词副词用法专题精讲 Ⅰ形容词 -命题趋势 形容词是历年各省市中考必考知识点。从考查形式看，一般有单项选择、完形填空、词语运用等。所占分值通常为2～4分。从命题意图看，侧重考查考生在具体语言环境中使用形容词的能力。 -考查重点 中考试题对形容词的考查涉及形容词原级，比较级和最高级的各种句型、形容词作定语的位置、易混淆的形容词用法辨析等。其中，形容词比较等级句型、形容词修饰不定代词something，anything，everything，nothing时的位置，易混淆的形容词用法辨析等是考查的热点。 一、形容词的一般用法 1.作定语，一般放在所修饰词的前面。 例如，It’s a cold and windy day. 2.作表语，放在系动词的后面。 例如，He looks happy today. 3.形容词修饰something，anything，nothing，everything等复
合不定代词时，须放在其后。 例如，Would you like something hot to drink？ 4.表示长、宽、高、深及年龄的形容词，应放在相应的名词之后。 例如，How long is the river？It’s about two hundred metres long. 5.只能作表语的形容词：afraid害怕；alone独自的；asleep睡着的；awake醒着的；alive活着的；well健康的；ill病的；frightened 害怕的 例如，The man is ill.(正) The ill man is my uncle.(误) 6.只能作定语的形容词：little小的；only唯一的；wooden木质的；woolen羊毛质的；elder年长的 例如，My elder brother is in Beijing.(正) My brother is elder. (误) 7.貌似副词的形容词：lonely独自的；friendly友好的；lively 生动的；lovely可爱的weekly monthly
英语形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的练习题 （一）写出下列形容词与副词的比较级与最高级形式： long_____ ______ wide ______ _______ fat ____ _____ heavy____ ______ slow ______ _______ few____ _____ brightly______ -_____ bably _____ _______ far____ _____ quickly _____ ______ happy_____ -______ unhappy________ (二)用所给词的正确形式填空： 1. Of the two girls, I find Lucy the _______ (clever). 2. Gold(黄金) is ______ (little) useful than iron(铁). 3. My sister is two years _______ (old ) than I. 4. John’s parents have four daughters, and she is the _____ (young) child. 5. The _____ (cheap) bags are the not usually the best ones. 6. The short one is by far _______ expensive of the five. 7. The boy is not so ______ (interesting) as his brother. 8. Dick sings _____ (well), she sings ______(well) than John, but Mary sings______(well) in her class. 9. She will be much ______ (happy) in her mew house. 10. This dress is ______ that.(twice, as…as…, expensive) (三)选择填空： 1．He feels _____ today than yesterday. A. tired B. more tired C. more tireder D. much tired 2. Which do you like _____, coffee, tea or milk? A. the worst B. worse C. the worse D. worst 3. Of the two toys, the child chose_____. A. the expensive one B. one most expensive C. a least expensive D. the most expensive of them 4. The line is ____ than that one.
2017高考英语重点语法： 高考英语常考语法总结——形容词和副词形容词、副词是每年高考必考点之一，近几年语境综合化程度越来越高，难度加大。高考热点有：形容词、副词词义辨析;原级、比较级、最高级的使用;倍数的表达方法;比较等级的修饰语;多个形容词的排列顺序;常见形容词、副词的惯用法等。 关于形容词与副词这一考点，主要考查以下几个方面： 1. 考查形容词和副词的基本用法 形容词在句中一般作定语、表语、补语，而副词在句中主要作状语。 2. 考查形容词作定语的后置规律 形容词作定语一般位于所修饰的名词前，但下列三种情况形容词要后置： ①形容词短语作定语时;②表语形容词作定语时;③修饰复合不定代词时。 3. 考查多个形容词作定语的排序 多个形容词修饰名词时，其排序规律是：(限定词+程度副词+) 描绘+大小(长短、高低)+形状+年龄(新旧)+颜色+国籍或产地+物质材料+类别或用途+名词。 4. 考查副词在句中的位置规律 副词修饰形容词或其它副词时，一般位于被修饰词的前面，但enough却要放在被修饰的形容词或副词的后面。 5. 考查–ed形容词和-ing形容词的区别 -ed形容词，通常说明人，意为“(某人)感到……”;-ing形容词通常说明事物，意为“(某事物)令人……”或“令人……的(事物)”。 6. 考查两种不同形式的副词的用法差异 即考查与形容词同形的副词与形容词后加ly构成的副词的区别。 7. 考查形容词和副词的比较等级。 8. 考查比较等级的修饰语。 考点1：在具体的语境中辨析形容词与副词的语义 从复现的频率来看，此点是高考对形容词、副词考查的第一大热点。解答此类题关键是要分析具体的语境，结合基本词义、搭配等来选择正确的答案。
形容词和副词比较级和最高级的用法 集团文件发布号：（9816-UATWW-MWUB-WUNN-INNUL-DQQTY-
一、原级的用法 1.只能修饰原级的词:very，quite，so，too 例如，He is too tired to walk on.他太累了以至于不能再继续走了。 My brother runs so fast that I can‘t follow him.我弟弟跑 得那么快以至于我跟不上他。 2.原级常用的句型结构 (1)“甲+be+(倍数)+as+形容词原级+as+乙”表示“甲和乙程度相同”或“甲是乙的几倍” 例如，Tom is as old as Kate.汤姆和凯特年龄一样大。 Tom is twice as old as Kate.汤姆的年龄是凯特的二倍。 “甲+实意动词+(倍数)+as+副词原级+as+乙”表示“甲和乙程度相同”或“甲是乙的几倍” 例如，Tom runs as fast as Mike.汤姆和迈克跑得一样快。 Tom runs twice as fast as Mike.汤姆跑得速度是迈克的二倍。 (2)“甲+be+not+as/so+形容词原级+as+乙”甲不如乙… 例如，This room is not as/so big as that one. 这个房间不如那个大。 “甲+助动词+not+动词原形+as/so+副词原级+as+乙”甲不如乙… 例如，He doesn’t walk as slowly as you.他走路不像你那样慢。 二、比较级的用法 1.可以修饰比较级的词:much，a lot，far，…的多 a little，a bit，…一点儿
形容词和副词专项练习 一、用括号内词的正确形式填空。 1. Which is __________ (small), the sun, the moon or the earth? 2. She is ___________ (tall) of the two girls. 3. Bob never does his homework as _________ (careful) as Mary. He makes lots of mistakes. 4. In the exam, the _________ (careful) you are, the __________ (few) mistakes you’ll make. 5. We hope your children grow happily and _________ (health). 6. Of all the subjects, which do you think is __________ (difficult) to learn. 7. The ice in the lake is as _______ (thin) as it was before. 8. Cathy did quite well in the English competition, I did even ______ (well). 9. Which subject do you like _________ (well), maths, Chinese or English? 10. The population of China is _________(large) than that of any other country in the world. 11. The book is ____________ (interest). Most of the teachers are __________ in it. 12. Hainan Island is the second __________ (large) island in China. 13. Zhaozhou Bridge is ______ (old) stone arch bridge in the world. 14. Y ou’re ____________ (terri ble) late. He has already gone. 15. There is _________ (little) water in the glass than in the bottle. 16. This is the __________ (wet) summer for ten years. 17. He doesn’t run as _________ (fast) as you. 18. My ___________ (old) sister is three years ____________ (old) than I and my little brother is five years _________(young) than I. 19. I’m afraid that the old woman can’t go any __________ (far). 20. Who’s ____________ (thin), Tom or Mike? 21. She is the __________ (tall) of the twins. 22. It was _________ (hot) yesterday than it is today. 23. Of all the workers, he is _______________ (busy). 24. This question is one of the ________ (little) important of all. 25. It has __________ (much) rain this year than last year. 26. This is the _______ (short) way to Tian’anmen Square. 27. Among the subjects, I like maths ________(well). 28. I can work out the physics problem _________ (easy). 29. We must try to do __________ (much) work with _____________ (little) money. 30. When spring comes, the leaves get ________ (green) 二、单项选择 1. All of us are proud of the greatest changes in Shanghai. We’re sure Shanghai will be even _________. A. good B. better C. best D. the best 2. This kind of skirt looks ____ and sells __________. A. nice, well B. nice, good C. well, well D. good, nice 3. Cathy did quite _____ in the English competition, I did even __.
形容词和副词 一、学习目标： 知识目标：1. 了解形容词和副词的构成方法； 2. 掌握形容词和副词在句子中的位置； 3. 掌握形容词和副词的基本用法； 能力目标：能够正确地使用形容词和副词。 情感目标：帮助同学们进行知识的归纳总结，拓宽知识面。 二、重点、难点： 1. 形容词作表语、宾语补足语和修饰不定代词的用法； 2. 副词修饰动词作状语； 3. 形容词、副词的比较等级。 三、考情分析： 近年来，全国各地的中考英语试题对形容词和副词的考查主要集中在以下四方面：1. 对形容词的考查重点是比较等级的用法，其作表语、宾语补足语和修饰不定代词的用法； 2. -ing形式与-ed形式形容词的辨析； 3. 对副词的考查重点是副词修饰动词作状语，以及副词的比较级与最高级； 4. 形容词与副词在语境中的词义辨析等。 四、知能提升： （一）知识讲解 形容词 用来修饰名词，表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征的词叫形容词。 Ⅰ、形容词的构成： 1. 本身即为形容词的词（如red, glad, nice, beautiful） 2. 由“名词+y”构成的形容词 sun→sunny wind→windy fun→funny cloud→cloudy noise→noisy luck→lucky 3. 加后缀构成的形容词 （如-able, -ent, -en, -al, -ful, -less等） comfort→comfortable nation→national wood→wooden differ→different care→careful hope→hopeless 4. 由“名词+ly”构成的形容词：friend→friendly Ⅱ、形容词的用法及位置 <一>作定语 形容词修饰名词时放于名词之前；修饰不定代词时，放于不定代词之后。如： 1. What beautiful flowers！ 2. The nice girl is my sister. 3. He wants to do something different this time.