课后任务
动词非谓语，被动语态
Ⅰ. 单项选择
( )1.The weatherman says a rain shower this afternoon in the south.
A. expects
B. expected
C. is expected
( )2.Mr. Green to sing an English song at the party and he sang well.
A. was invited
B. invited
C. is invited
( )3.When the baby dog, it was very hungry. So we gave it some food.
A. is found
B. was found
C. will be found
( )4. Thanks to the Internet, different kinds of information in a short time.
A. can be learned
B. has been learned
C. can learn
( )5.The task in an hour. Then we can go home and have a good rest.
A.was finished
B. will be finished
C. can't be finished ( )6. Would you please tell me after I finished doing my homework?
A. how do
B. what to do
C. what do I do
( )7. The girl wasn’t to lift that bookcase.
A.too strong
B. enough strong
C. strong enough
( )8. ----What about ________ a rest? We have kept working for three hours ----OK! Let's go for a walk.
A.to have B．had C．having
( )9.Bruce practices ________ basketball every day so that he can achieve his dream of being a professional basketball player..
A.play
B. to play
C. playing
( )10.It took me two weeks ________ reading the novels written by Guo Jingming.
A．finish B．to finish C．finishes
Ⅱ. 用所给动词的适当形式填空。
When I was young, I lived with my mother, my grandmother and my uncle. My grandmother played the main role in 1._________ me. But I lost her when I was 10. My mother and I 2._________by my uncle, but he passed away when I was at the age of 12, leaving my mother and me with no financial support.
My mother paid little attention to me, so I didn’t have enough food 3.________.
I 4.________to foster care (监护). Before 5______ there, I volunteered 6._______ in the local hospital, because I want to be a doctor. But I saw no hope of 7_________my dream.
At the age of 24, my son was born and I began to work for long hours because I promised myself 8.________a better life. I took a chance to get a better job, which doubled my salary. However, my life 9._______ because of divorce(离婚) and losing my job at the age of 27. For my children I decided to go to college and achieve my dream. I studied at the local community college and then I was able to get a degree in biology. I have done everything with my hole heart all the time. Now I am a doctor in the hospital.
I continued to 10_________ by those I met who have gone through much worse than I and achieved success.
.
答案:
Ⅰ.1--5 CABAB 6---10 BCCCB
Ⅱ.1. raising 2. were supported 3. to eat 4. was sent 5. going 6. to work
7. achieving 8. to get 9. was changed 10. be inspired
非谓语动词 非谓语动词： 1.动词不定式【to+动词原型】 2.动名词【动词+ing】 3.（现在、过去）分词 四个要点： 1.一个句子中有多个动词时，其中一个是谓语，其他全部是非谓语。 2.主动ing，被动ed，要做去做todo 3.如果非谓语是主语做的，前面什么都不用加；如果非谓语不是主语做的，谁做的，加谁。 4.非谓语就是从句的简化。 举例： Jack唱着歌回家。 Singing a song，Jack went home Jack受伤了回家。 Injured，Jack went home Rose受伤了，Jack哭了。 Rose injured，Jack cried Rose笑了，Jack笑了。 Rose smiling，Jack smiled. 独立主格结构 独立主格结构就是给非谓语动词加上逻辑主语 独立主格结构基本构成形式： 名词(代词)+现在分词；过去分词；形容词；副词；不定式；名词；介词短语） 独立主格结构的特点： 1）独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同,它独立存在。 2）名词或代词与后面的分词,形容词,副词,不定式,介词等是主谓关系。 3）独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。 这种结构与主句不发生句法上的联系，它的位置相当灵活，可置于主句前、主句末或主句中，常由逗号将其与主句分开。在句中作状语，相当于一个状语从句。需特别注意的是，独立主格结构与主句之间不能使用任何连接词。 这里分形式具体举例，以便熟悉知识点。 1.名词(代词)+现在分词 Time permitting, I will go with you 时间允许的话，我就和你一起走。 2.名词(代词)+过去分词 The work done, he went back home. 工作完成后，他回家了。 3.名词(代词)+不定式 在“名词/代词+动词不定式”结构中，动词不定式和它前面的名词或代词如果存在着逻辑上
非谓语动词用法归纳 一、表格的用法 1. doing 的用法 （1）在要求动词后（作宾语）：avoid 避免appreciate 感激/欣赏acknowledge 承认/自 认admit 承认advocate 提倡/ 主张consider 考虑can't help 不禁can't stand 受不了contemplate 细想complete 完成confess 坦白dislike 不喜欢，讨厌deserve 值得delay 延迟deny 否认dread 可怕defer 拖延detest 嫌恶enjoy 享有/喜爱envy 嫉妒endure 忍受excuse 借口escape 逃跑/ 逃避finish 完成forgive 原谅fancy 幻想/ 爱好favor 造成/ 偏爱figure 描绘/ 计算hate 讨厌imagine 设想involve 卷入/ 包含keep 保持miss 错过mention 说到/ 讲到mind 介意pardon 原谅/ 饶恕permit 允许postpone 推迟practice 实行/实践prevent 阻止quit 放弃停止risk 冒险recall 回想resist 抵抗/ 阻止resume 恢复repent 悔悟resent 怨恨stand 坚持/ 忍受suggest 建议save 营救/ 储蓄tolerate 忍受
worth 值得 You should try to avoid making mistakes. The book is worth reading. The book deserves reading. （2）表进行 Walking on the grassland, I saw a snake.=When I was walking on the grassland, I saw a snake. The man speaking English is Tom. = The man who is speaking English is Tom. （3）表主动 The man speaking English is Tom = The man who speaks English is Tom. = The man who spoke English is Tom. Nobody dinks boiling water but boiled water.= Nobody dinks water that is boiling but the water that has boiled. （4）表伴随 I stand outside waiting for Mr. Chen. I lie in bed reading a novel. （5）表性质；特点 The film is very moving. She is understanding, so you had better discuss your business with her. 6）概括性, 一般性 Climbing mountain is very interesting.
语法填空（2011年全国高考时态语态非谓语动词汇编） 01.The next thing he saw was smoke (rise) from behind the house.（全国卷I） 02. If you don't like the drink that you ______(order), just leave it and try a different one.（全国卷II） 03. The island, _______ (join)to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go to. （全国卷II） 04. We arrived at work in the morning and found that somebody (break)into the office during the night. （江西卷） 05. On receiving a phone call from his wife (say) she had a fall, Mr. Gordon immediately rushed home from his office. （江西卷） 06. Tsinghua University, (found) in 1911,is home to a great number of outstanding figures. （福建卷） 07. The difference in thickness and weight from the earlier version makes the iPad 2 more comfortable_______ (hold). 08. Last month, the Japanese government expressed their thanks for the aid they______ (receive)from China. (福建卷） 09. Look over there – there’s a very long, winding path (lead) up to the house.(山东卷) 10. When I got on the bus, I _____(realize)I had left my wallet at home. (山东卷) 11. She was surprised to find the fridge empty. The children _____ (eat)everything! (山东卷) 12. His first novel ( receive)good reviews since it came out last month.(陕西卷) 13．Claire had her luggage (check)an hour before her plane left. (陕西卷) 14. .More highways have been built in China, __(make)it much easier for people to travel from one place to another. (陕西卷) 15. Passengers are permitted (carry)only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.(天津卷） 16. ______ (translate)into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order. .(天津卷） 17. Sit down, Emma. You will only make yourself more tired, (keep)on your feet.(北京卷) 18. Tom asked the candy makers if they could make the chocolate easier _____ (break)into small pieces.（安徽） 19. All visitors to this village _________ (treat) with kindness.(四川卷） 20. Simon made a big bamboo box (keep)the little sick bird till it could fly. (四川卷） 21. (offer) an important role in a new movie, Andy has a chance to become famous. (四川卷） 22. By the time Jack returned home from England, his son. (graduate) from college. (辽宁卷) 23. More TV programs, according to government officials, will be produced _____ (raise)people’s concern over food safety. （重庆卷） 24. Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself_______ (remind) of his own dreams. 25. The ability _____( express) an idea is as important as the idea itself. （湖南卷） 26. The players ______(select)from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game. 27. Do you wake up every morning _______(feel) energetic and ready to start a new day? （湖南卷） 28. It is the most instructive lecture that I _______(attend) since I came to this school. （湖南卷） 29. In the near future, more advances in the robot technology _______(make) by science. （湖南卷） 30. Recently a survey _______(compare) prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens. （江苏卷） 31. The rare fish, ______ (save)from the cooking pot, has been returned to the sea. （上海卷） 32. At one point I made up my mind to talk to Uncle Sam．Then I changed my mind, ______(realize) that he could do nothing to help. （上海卷） 33. Today we have chat rooms, text messaging, emailing… but we seem ______ (lose)the art of communicating face-to-face. （浙江卷） 34. Even the best writers sometimes find themselves (lose)for words. （浙江卷） 35. If they win the final tonight, the team are going to tour around the city (cheer)by their enthusiastic supporters. （浙江卷）
谓语动词和非谓语动词及各种句型的判断 一．意义 谓语动词和非谓语动词在高中英语教和学中具有重要意义，主要表现在写作，语法填空和阅读长难句判断中。 例如：典型例子：1.There are many people stand at the gate. Standing 的误用 2.After luckily _______(succeed) in the national college entrance examination, I realized my dream again. 3.He has two children, both of ________ are doctors. 4. I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused ____46___(stop) until we reached the next stop. Still, the boy kept ____47___(ride). 5. There were many people waiting at the bus stop, ___42____ some of them looked very anxious and ___43__(disappoint) 6. Maybe you leave a habit __67__ is driving your family crazy. 英语句子的标志：首字母大写，和结尾用句号。T here is a purse on the ground. P rofessor Mayer, recognized by many as a leading expert in the study of changes to people's EQs, recently announced the results of a study on school students. M iss Mary teaches us English. （teaches 动词作谓语） M r.Victor came to our classroom to have a talk with us last week. a，在一个句子中，若只有一个动词，则此动词一定为谓语，若有两个及两个以上动词，就会出现两种情况：1. 两动词都是谓语动词形式，此时两个谓语动词之间必有连词，或并列连词，或从属连词；2. 两动词中必有非谓语，此时两动词之间没有连词。 例如： The novel written by him is very popular. The novel which was written by him is very popular. There is a purse that is lying on the ground. There is a purse lying on the ground. Our coming made him happy. 因此，判断一个句子中谓语与非谓语，带连词与不带连词的方法是：先找句子中的动词，根据连词判断所找到的动词是谓语还是非谓语；或者根据所找的动词的谓语非谓语动词形式判断需要或不需要用连词. 总之，一般句子只要有两个及以上谓语动词形式，必然有连词。反之亦然，只要有连词连接两个动词，必然有谓语动词。 理解这一点对于理解下列句子很有帮助： He has two children, both of __whom__ are doctors. =He has two children, and both of __them__ are doctors. =He has two children, both of __them_ doctors. Our coming made him happy. (简单句。句中两个动词，come和make，谓语动词为make，没有连词连接make和come，所以come用非谓语动词形式) =We had come and that made him happy.（make和come都用了谓语动词形式，有连词and，并列句）
2010届高考二轮复习英语教案 专题八非谓语动词和独立主格结构 【专题要点】非谓语动词和独立主格结构主要用法如下：1.动名词和动词不定式作主语、宾语；2.只跟动名词作宾语的动词或动词短语；3.只跟动词不定式作宾语的常见动词； 4.既可以跟动名词又可以跟动词不定式作宾语，且意义不同的动词或短语； 5.不定式、现在分词、过去分词作宾语补足语的区别； 6.不定式、现在分词、过去分词作定语时的区别； 7.不定式、现在分词、过去分词作状语时的区别； 8.动名词的复合结构在句中作状语； 9.there be 结构的两种非谓语形式；10.独立主格结构在句中作状语； 11.with复合结构在句中作状语或定语。 【考纲要求】非谓语动词包括不定式、动词-ing形式和过去分词三种形式。动词的非谓语形式是中学英语语法的重点和难点,也是每年高考热点中的热点, 考纲要求掌握：非谓语动词的时态和语态；他们在英语句子中的作用；非谓语动词的基本用法和含义，非谓语动词在句子中可以充当多种句子成分，比如主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语、表语等；掌握非谓语动词充当相同句子成分时的辨析；掌握非谓语动词在不同的语境、语义下的运用。 对于独立主格结构考纲要求掌握独立主格结构的构成方式；在句子中的作用以及with复合结构。 【教法指引】非谓语动词包括不定式、v-ing形式和过去分词，是高中英语学习的难点，也是高考考查的重点。高中英语非谓语动词是一个重要考点，教师在引导学生复习备考中要注意重点突出、训练得当，尤其是对以下要点的复习： 1.不定式、现在分词与过去分词的用法区别； 2.非谓语动词的主动式与被动式； 3.非谓语动词完成式的用法； 4.非谓语动词用作伴随状语； 5.非谓语动词用作目的状语； 6.非谓语动词用作结果状语； 7.非谓语动词用作宾语补足语； 8.非谓语动词的逻辑主语问题； 9.非谓语动词用作主语的问题；10.“(be+)过去分词+介词”结构；11.动名词的复合结构和there be结构的非谓语动词形式。 对于独立主格结构的复习，教师必须要讲清它的构成方式和在句子中的作用以及与with 复合结构和分词之间的辨析的关系。 【知识网络】非谓语动词用法 非谓语动词主要包括不定式、动名词和现在分词。为了区分这三种不同的非谓语动词的用法和含义，我们将分别从三种非谓语动词在句子中做主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语、
1.These model cars _____in China in 2013. A.are made B.were made C.make D.made 2. Over $30000_______for a children’s hospital by a British girl several moths ago. A.is raised B.was raised C.will be raised D.has been raised 3.Martin was so busy _____the old that he gave up his part –time job. A.helping B.helped C.to help D.help 4.The novel ____by many people today. A.is read B.are read C.reads D.were read 5.My parents didn’t allow me ____to the party. A.go B.to go C.goes D.went 6.I will try my best to stop my son from ______the same mistake. A.make B.made C.makes D.making 7.-How clean your car is! -Thank you.It ____very often. A. is washed B.washes C.was washed D.washed 8.Pukou Railway Station ______in 1911 and it has become a filming location for films and TV plays in recent years. A.build B.is built C.built D.was built 9/-What’s wrong with Simon? He isn’t at school today. -His legs hurt. He was____by a motorcycle this morning. A.treated B.hit C.operated D.cured 10.Sarah,you’d better drink more water after____for such a long time. A.run B.runs C.to run D.running 11.Many houses ____by the earthquake and thousands of people were left homeless. A.damaged B.were damaged C.were damaging D.are damaged 12.My time in the middle school was one of____periods of my life. A.exciting B.more exciting C.the more exciting D.the most exciting 13.Chengdu is a greener city now because more and more trees ____every spring. A.were planted B.are planted C.will be planted 14.It’s necessary for us ____to our parents when we have problems. A.to talk B.talking C.talk 15.-Don’t smoke here,Dad.Smoking_____in public places. -Oh,sorry. I’ll stop right now. A.isn’t allowed B.aren’t allowed C.doesn’t allow 16.So far,the AIIB(亚投行)_____57 countries to be the founding members. A.attracted B.has attracted C.will attract 17.When you_____a difficult task,try to continue with it and finish it. A.give B.are giving C.gave D.are given 18.Doing eye excercises ___one of the useful ways to protect our eyes. A.is B.are C.were 19.I wonder when Subway Ⅱin Harbin____.When the day comes,I’ll spend less time going to school every day. A.is finish B.will be finished C.was finished
专题02 单项选择（动词(词组或短语)非谓语动词及动词时态及语态） 1. 【2018年江苏省宿迁市】--I saw John in the park this morning.. --It _____be him. He has gone to HongKong. A. can’t B. can C. mustn’t D. must 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——今天早上我看见约翰在公园里。——不可能是他。他去香港了。考查情态动词辨析题。can’t不可能，表否定推测；can可以，表允许；C. mustn’t一定不要，表禁止；D. must一定是，表肯定推测。根据对句He has gone to HongKong.，结合句意语境，可知本句是否定推测，故选A。 2. 【2018年江苏省宿迁市】Liu Changjian, the command pilot of Sichuan Airlines Flight 3U8633, successfully down the plane last month. A. has brought B. ill bring C. brought D. bring 【答案】C 3. 【2018年江苏省宿迁市】---How is our government going to deal with the office building? --- It will be _____ a library. A. turned off B. turned on C. turned out D. turned into 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——我们的政府如何处理办公大楼？——它将变成一个图书馆。考查动词短语辨析题。A. turned off关掉（开关等）；B. turned on打开（开关等）；C. turned out…打扮；D. turned into变成。根据句意语境，可知前三个选项都与句意不合，故选D。 4. 【2018年江苏省宿迁市】This kind of pen _____, and is also very cheap. I think you can buy some. A. writes well B. writes good C. is written well D. is written good 【答案】A 【解析】句意：这种笔写得很好，也很便宜。我想你可以买一些。考查动词语态和副词辨析题。write写，动词，需用副词修饰，good是形容词，可排除BD两项。write这个动作是由pen发出的，不可用被动语态，可排除C项。根据句意结构和语境，可知选A。
谓语动词与非谓语动词的区别 首先你要明白在一个英语的单句中只有一个谓语，那么你就要学会怎样划分英语句子中的结构。 先说下什么是单句，单句就是只有一个完整句子结构（句号才是整个句子结束的标志）的句子，没有连词和引导词（像and，what，where，这些的词都没有）。具体的单句结构（五个）就不用我说吧。 eg： ①I love my mother.就是一个单句。 ②English is my best subject which i like.这就是一个复合句（which引导的限制性定语从句），在主语中，english是主语，is是系动词，my best subject 是表语。在从句中（引导词后边的是从句），which作宾语指代subject（subject 是从句的先行词），I作主语，like在这里是行为动词（vt.）作谓语。 给你一个划分简单句结构的例子： eg：I like playing basketball. 这个句子中，I是主语，like是谓语，playing basketball是动名词做宾语，在宾语中playing是非谓语动词，因为我刚刚说过了，一个单句中只有一个谓语，所以like做了谓语，playing就一定是非谓语动词了。
现在和你说下最简单的分辨谓语和非谓语的方法：划分句子的结构。 每个句子首先找到主语，然后是谓语，谓语一般都会和主语靠近（有特殊的情况），那么除去谓语之外的其他动词，都是非谓语动词了。 谓语动词：有以下几种分类 ①行为动词：行为动词又可分为及物（vt.）与不及物（vi.） 那么vi.和vt.的区别可以通过造句的方式来确定。 及物动词：可直接接宾语。(如果不接宾语，那么句意会不完整） 不及物动词：不可以直接接宾语，需借用介词。 eg： I go to school by bus.（go不及物动词，但是和home连接时为go home）He drinks water.（drink是及物动词，中文翻译为他喝水，如果没有宾语water，就成了他喝，那他喝什么呢？句意就不完整了。） ②系动词：be动词（is，am，are，were，was）表主语状态，感官动词（hear，look，listen，tast，sound，appear，seem等），持续性动词（keep，stay，lie，remind等），变化动词（become，go，get，turn等）... ③情态动词：could，should，can，must，may等。
高一英语非谓语，独立主格专练 2018年3月 一，独立主格结构的特点：1）独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在。2）名词或代词与后面的现在分词，形容词，副词，不定式，介词等是逻辑主谓关系；名词或代词与后面的过去分词是逻辑动宾关系。3）独立主格结构一般有逗号与句子分开；修饰整个句子，在句中位置灵活，可放在句首、句中或句末，常用作状语。二，注意事项：（1）独立主格转换成状语从句，当状语从句的主语与主句的主语不是指同一个对象时，可用独立主格结构取代状语从句，但不再保留连词。After class was over (=Class being over / Class over), the students soon left the classroom. 下课后，学生很快离开了课室。 （2）不能省略being (having been)的情形： 在下列两种情况下，独立主格结构中的being（或having been）不能省略。 独立主格的逻辑主语是代词时。如：It being Sunday, we went to church.因为是星期天，我们去做了礼拜。 (2)在There being+名词的结构中。 There being no bus, we had to go home on foot. 因为没有公共汽车，所以我们不得不步行回家。
（3）在“名词（或代词）+介词短语”构成的独立主格结构中，一般不用形容词性物主代词和冠词。 Miss Smith entered the classroom, book in hand.史密斯小姐走进了课室，手里拿着一本书。比较with 的复合结构。如：Miss Smith entered the classroom, with a book in her hand. 1.There's a note （pin）to the door (say)when the shop will open again. 2.Once again I found myself standing at the crossroads, two paths (lie)ahead of me. 3..-- Where is Tom I have something important to tell him. ―I last saw him (seat)in the library reading. 4.A terrible air crash accident happened over the Atlantic Ocean (kill)150 passengers. 5.Life is like riding a bicycle. (keep)your balance, you must keep moving. 6.Everyone in this country should work hard and do what they
非谓语动词就是不能作句子谓语而具有其他语法功能的动词。 主语/表语： 不定式和ing分词均能作主语，二者有何区别？ 1.表示某一具体的动作时，多用不定式；表示比较抽象的一般行为倾向的，多用动名词。 2.动名词作主语时通常位于句首；不定式作主语时常置于句末，用it作形式主语放在句首。 1) Smoking is prohibited(禁止)here. 2) It is not very good for you to smoke so much. Seeing is believing. To see is to believe. 若主语和表语都是非谓语动词, 应保持形式上的一致。
宾语： 1. 有些动词后只跟不定式作宾语，如： …… manage, promise, pretend, plan, offer, agree, ask, dare, choose, fail, help(帮助)，want(想要) , refuse等。 决心学会想希望，拒绝设法愿假装。 主动答应选计划，同意请求帮一帮。 2. 有些动词后只跟动名词作宾语，如： ……practise, appreciate, dislike, excuse, forgive, keep, resist, risk, deny, advise, fancy, complete, forbid, permit, allow, stand, refer to, give up, lead to, take to, set about, get down to, object to, succeed in, have difficulty in... 考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想。 避免错过继续练，否认完成就欣赏。 禁止想象才冒险，不禁介意准逃亡。 3.有些动词如begin, start; love, like, hate, prefer后既可以跟不定式又可以跟ing分词作宾语，意义上无多大区别(但ing分词一般表示经常性的行为；不定式表示具体的行为)。 4.有些动词后既可以跟不定式，又可以跟动名词作宾语，但意义上有明显差别。go on (stop/remember/regret)to do/doing can’t help to do / doing try to do/ doing mean to do（打算）/ doing（意味）be used to do / doing ( get used to doing)(used to do) 5.动词need, require, want作“需要”，deserve作“应受，应得”，主动表被动 定语： 不定式、ing 分词和过去分词都可以作定语，主要区别在于它们的时态意义和语态意义。 分词作定语与动词不定式作定语的区别是：现在分词表示主动、进行之意；过去分词表示被动与完成；而不定式表示在谓语动词表示的动作之后即将发生的动作。 不定式用来修饰序数词、最高级或no, all, any等限定词的中心词，表主动关系。 E.g.: The car to be bought is for his sister. / He was the best man to do the job. The houses being built are for the teachers. Developing countries/ developed countries 补语： 1.能接带to的不定式作宾语补足语和主语补足语的动词有：ask, advise, tell, force, get, allow, want, wish, like, hate, prefer, intend,expect, encourage, persuade, permit, request,order, warn, cause等。 Think, consider, believe, suppose, feel等后常用“to be....”作补语。 E.g.: You are not allowed to smoke here. People considered him to be a great leader. 2.使役动词，感官动词接不带to 的不定式作宾语补足语。常见的使役动词有make, let, have等；感官动词有see, hear, watch, observe, notice, feel以及look at, listen to等。 ◆“吾看三室两厅一感觉”---5看（look at, see, watch, notice, observe）3使（make,
怎么区别动词非谓语动词的时态 非谓语动词 非谓语动词（不能作谓语用）包括不定式、分词及动名词。 动词不定式 1．常用形式：一般主动式to do, 一般被动式to be done 完成主动式to have done, 完成被动式to have been done 进行式to be doing 2．语法功能：可作主语、表语、宾语、宾补、定语和状语（即除谓语之外的各种成 分）。例如： 1）主语：To master a foreign language is very important. 2）表语：My job is to drive them to the company every day. 3）宾语：Do you want to visit the Great Wall? Can you give us some advice on what to do next? 宾补：The teacher advised us to have a rest first. I didn′t notice them come in. 注：see, hear, watch, notice, have, make, let等动词后作宾补的动词不定式不带to, 但变为被动语态以后（即不定式作主补时）要带to, （其中let sb. do sth. 变为被动式为sb. is let do sth.） help（帮助）后作宾补的动词不定式可带to，也可不带to. 即help sb.(to)do sth. 定语：不定式位于所修饰的名词，代词之后，如：Who was the first one to set to the top of the hill yesterday? /He is the man to depend on/to believe in. 6）状语：in order to A．目的状语：She reads China Daily every day so as to improve her English. to 注：in order to 可以位于句首或句中，so as to 不能位于句首。 B．原因状语：I’m glad to see you . 注：这种“be＋形容词＋不定式”结构，其不定式有时也可视为宾语，如：He is eager to go to college./ She is sure to come here. C．结果状语：They lived to see the liberation of their home town.他们一直活到见到家乡解放。 △在“too…to…”结构中表“太…结果不能”，如：He is too weak to do the work. 注：too之前如果有only, only too 表“非常”、“很”意，此时不定式不再表否定意，而表肯定意。如：They are only too lucky to go abroad for a visit. 他们很幸运去国外访问。 另外，too后如果是happy, glad之类形容词时，不定式也表肯定意， 如：She was too happy to meet her old friend in the street. △在“形容词/副词＋enough＋不定式”结构中表“足以能…”，如：He is strong enough to do the work. 3．复合结构不定式（for sb. to do sth.），可作主语、表语、宾语、定语和状语。for 本身无意义，sb.可称之为不定式的逻辑主语。例如：I think it necessary for him to go there at once.（复合结构不定式作宾语）
【精品】非谓语动词总结以及易错点 一、单项选择非谓语动词 1．Tom made a small cage _____ the little injured bird till it could fly. A．keep B．kept C．keeping D．to keep 【答案】D 【解析】 考查动词不定式。句意：Tom为了养这只受伤的小鸟做了一个漂亮的笼子，直到它会飞。此题根据句意和句型结构推知此处keep应该表示目的；在英语中，表示目的的动词应该使用动词不定式即to do sth。故选D。 2． He is thought ___foolishly .Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job. A．to act B． to have acted C． acting D．having acted 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：句型“有人认为..已....”可用It is thought/ believed/ ...that sb have/has done...结构。从句中的动作发生在主句动作之前。该结构可转化为sb is thought/believed +不定式的完成式。如： It is reported that Cheng Yifei died several days ago. The news reports that Cheng Yifei died several days ago. Cheng Yifei is reported to have died several days ago. 因此B选项正确。 句意为“ 有人认为他已做了一件傻事。现在应怪他自己丢掉这份工作。” 考点：考查动词非谓语形式。 3．(天津) The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, ________ more patients to be treated. A．being allowed B．allowing C．having allowed D．allowed 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：近期这个医院购进了新的医疗设备，允许更多的病人被治疗。前句购进医疗设备和后面允许更多的病人被治疗之间是必然的结果关系，用doing即现在分词作结果状语，表示顺理成章的结果。A. being allowed表示被动且正在进行；C. having allowed 强调先于谓语动词发生；D. allowed表示被动且完成，故选B。 【点睛】 判断非谓语动词的形式的第一步是分析句子成分，看是用谓语动词还是非谓语动词，确定了是非谓语动词，还要判断非谓语动词的成分，和这个动词和逻辑主语的关系。