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2020山东高考英语试题(附答案解析)

2020山东高考英语试题(附答案解析)
2020山东高考英语试题(附答案解析)

2020年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试

英语

注意事项:

1. 答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。

2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。

3. 考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

A POETRY CHALLENGE

Write a poem about how courage, determination, and strength have helped you face challenges in your life. Prizes

3 Grand Prizes: Trip to Washington, D.C. for each of three winners,

a parent and one other person of the winner's choice. Trip includes

round-trip air tickets, hotel stay for two nights, and tours of the National Air and Space Museum and the office of National Geographic World.

6 First Prizes: The book Sky Pioneer: A Photobiography of Amelia Earhart signed by author Corinne Szabo and pilot Linda Finch.

50 Honorable Mentions: Judges will choose up to 50 honorable mention winners, who will each receive a T-shirt in memory of Earhart's final flight.

Rules

Follow all rules carefully to prevent disqualification.

■ Write a poem using 100 words or fewer. Your poem can be any format, any number of lines.

■ Write by hand or type on a single sheet of paper. You may use both the from and back of the paper. ■ On the same sheet of paper, write or type your name, address, telephone number, and birth date. ■ Mail your entry to us by October 31 this year.

1.How many people can each grand prize winner take on the free trip? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Six.

1

2.What will each of the honorable mention winners get? A. A plane ticket. B. A book by Corinne Szabo. C. A special T-shirt. D. A photo of Amelia Earhart.

3.Which of the following will result in disqualification? A. Typing your poem out. B. Writing a poem of 120 words. C. Using both sides of the paper. D. Mailing your entry on October 30.

B

Jennifer Mauer has needed more willpower than the typical college student to pursue her goal of earning a nursing degree. That willpower bore fruit when Jennifer graduated from University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire and became the first in her large family to earn a bachelor's degree.

Mauer, of Edgar, Wisconsin, grew up on a farm in a family of 10 children. Her dad worked at a job away from the farm, and her mother ran the farm with the kids. After high school, Jennifer attended a local

technical college, working to pay her tuition (学费), because there was no extra money set aside for a college education. After graduation, she worked to help her sisters and brothers pay for their schooling. Jennifer now is married and has three children of her own. She decided

to go back to college to advance her career and to be able to better support her family while doing something she loves: nursing. She chose the UW-Eau Claire program at Ministry Saint Joseph's Hospital in Marshfield because she was able to pursue her four-year degree close to home. She could drive to class and be home in the evening to help with her kids. Jennifer received great support from her family as she worked to earn her degree: Her husband worked two jobs to cover the bills, and her 68-year-old mother helped take care of the children at times.

Through it all, she remained in good academic standing and graduated with honors. Jennifer sacrificed (牺牲) to achieve her goal, giving up many nights with her kids and missing important events to study. "Some nights my heart was breaking to have to pick between my

kids and studying for exams or papers." she says. However, her children have learned an important lesson witnessing their mother earn her degree. Jennifer is a first-generation graduate and an inspiration to her family - and that's pretty powerful. 4.What did Jennifer do after high school? A. She helped her dad with his work. B. She ran the family farm on her own. C. She supported herself through college. D. She taught her sisters and brothers at home. 5.Why did Jennifer choose the program at Ministry Saint Joseph's Hospital in Marshfield?

A. To take care of her kids easily.

B. To learn from the best nurses.

C. To save money for her parents.

D. To find a well-paid job there.

6.What did Jennifer sacrifice to achieve her goal?

A. Her health.

B. Her time with family.

C. Her reputation.

D. Her chance of promotion.

7.What can we learn from Jennifer's story?

A. Time is money.

B. Love breaks down barriers.

C. Hard work pays off.

D. Education is the key to success.

C

In the mid-1990s, Tom Bissell taught English as a volunteer in Uzbekistan. He left after seven months, physically broken and having

lost his mind. A few years later, still attracted to the country, he returned to Uzbekistan to write an article about the disappearance of

the Aral Sea.

His visit, however, ended up involving a lot more than that. Hence this book, Chasing the Sea: Lost Among the Ghosts of Empire in Central Asia, which talks about a road trip from Tashkent to Karakalpakstan, where millions of lives have been destroyed by the slow drying up of the sea. It is the story of an American travelling to a strange land, and of the people he meets on his way: Rustam, his translator, a lovely 24-

year-old who picked up his colorful English in California, Oleg and Natasha, his hosts in Tashkent, and a string of foreign aid workers.

This is a quick look at life in Uzbekistan, made of friendliness

and warmth, but also its darker side of society. In Samarkand, Mr.

Bissell admires the architectural wonders, while on his way to Bukhara

he gets a taste of police methods when suspected of drug dealing. In Ferghana, he attends a mountain funeral (葬礼) followed by a strange drinking party. And in Karakalpakstan, he is saddened by the dust storms, diseases and fishing boats stuck miles from the sea.

Mr.Bissell skillfully organizes historical insights and cultural references, making his tale a well-rounded picture of Uzbekistan, seen from Western eyes. His judgment and references are decidedly American,

as well as his delicate stomach. As the author explains, this is neither a travel nor a history book, or even a piece of reportage. Whatever it is, the result is a fine and vivid description of the purest of Central Asian traditions.

8.What made Mr Bissell return to Uzbekistan? A. His friends' invitation.

B. His interest in the country.

C.His love for teaching.

D. His desire to regain health.

9.What does the underlined word "that" in paragraph 2 refer to?

A. Developing a serious mental disease.

B. Taking a guided tour in Central Asia.

C. Working as a volunteer in Uzbekistan.

D. Writing an article about the Aral Sea. 10.Which of the following best describes Mr Bissell's road trip in Uzbekistan? A. Romantic. B. Eventful. C. Pleasant.

D. Dangerous.

11.What is the purpose of this text? A. To introduce a book. B. To explain a cultural phenomenon. C. To remember a writer. D. To recommend a travel destination.

D

According to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer Research, both

the size and consumption habits of our eating companions can influence our food intake. And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people who order large portions (份), it's the beanpoles with big appetites you really need to avoid.

To test the effect of social influence on eating habits, the researchers conducted two experiments. In the first, 95 undergraduate women were individually invited into a lab to ostensibly (表面

上)participate in a study about movie viewership. Before the film began, each woman was asked to help herself to a snack.

3

An actor hired by the researchers grabbed her food first. In her

natural state, the actor weighed 105 pounds. But in half the cases she wore a specially designed fat suit which increased her weight to 180 pounds. Both the fat and thin versions of the actor took a large amount of food. The participants followed suit, taking more food than they normally would have. However, they took significantly more when the actor was thin.

For the second test, in one case the thin actor took two pieces of candy from the snack bowls. In the other case, she took 30 pieces. The results were similar to the first test: the participants followed suit but took significantly more candy when the thin actor took 30 pieces.

The tests show that the social environment is extremely

influential when we're making decisions. If this fellow participant is going to eat more, so will I. Call it the "I'll have what she's having'' effect. However, we'll adjust the influence. If an overweight person is having a large portion, I'll hold back a bit because I see the results of his eating habits. But if a thin person eats a lot, I'll follow suit. If he can eat much and keep slim, why can't I?

12.What is the recent study mainly about? A. Food safety. B. Movie viewership. C. Consumer demand. D. Eating behavior. 13.What does the underlined word ''beanpoles" in paragraph 1 refer to? A. Big eaters. B. Overweight persons. C. Picky eaters. D. Tall thin persons.

14.Why did the researchers hire the actor? A. To see how she would

affect the participants.

B. To test if the participants could recognize her.

C. To find out what she would do in the two tests.

D. To study why she could keep her weight down.

15.On what basis do we "adjust the influence" according to the last paragraph? A. How hungry we are. B. How slim we want to be. C. How we perceive others. D. How we feel about the food.

第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)

阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Some individuals are born with a gift for public speaking.

_____16____ Do you want to be a good public speaker? Here are some principles you must master.

People want to listen to someone who is interesting, relaxed and comfortable. Too often, when you stand up to give a speech, you focus on the "public" at the expense of the "speaking." _____17____ Focus on the speaking. Talk directly to your audience, be yourself and make a connection.

Even the most successful public speaker will make mistakes. Yet, the only one who cares about any mistake is the one who is speaking. People's attention wanders constantly. In fact, most people only absorb about 20 percent of a speaker's message. So, don't stop speaking when you make a mistake unless it's a truly serious one. _____18____

Your goal is not to be a perfect public speaker. ____19_____ And like everything else in life, that takes practice. Remember, even world champion athletes practice their skills on a consistent basis.

____20_____ It's rare to hear someone say, "I wish that speaker had spoken longer." On the other hand, you probably can't count the times that you've thought, "I'm glad that talk is over. It seemed to go on forever!" So surprise your audience. Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than anticipated. It's better to leave your listeners wishing for more than shifting restlessly in their seats waiting for your speech finally to end. A. Do the opposite.

B. You want to be an effective public speaker.

C. You don't need to apologize for a minor slip.

D. When it comes to public speaking, less is usually more.

E. The objective of most speeches is to benefit the audience.

F. Take the fear out of public speaking by focusing on your listeners.

G. However, the majority of people arc effective speakers because they train to be.

第二部分语言知识运用(共两节,满分30分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)

阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空内处的最佳选项。

Molai grew up in a tiny village in India. The village lay near some wetlands which became his second 21 . He learned the value and beauty of 22 there from a very young age.

When he was 16, Molai began to notice something 23

happening around his home. A flood had hit the area earlier that year

and the 24 it caused had driven away a number of birds.

25 , the number of snakes had declined as well. He 26 that it was because there weren't enough trees to protect them from the

27 . The solution, of course, was to plant trees so the animals could seek 28 during the daytime. He turned to the 29

department for help but was told that nothing would grow there. However, Molai went looking on his own and 30 a nearby island where he

began to plant trees. 31 young plants in the dry season was 32 for a lone boy. Molai built at the 33 of each sapling (幼

树) a bamboo platform, where he placed earthen pots with small holes to 34 rainwater. The water would then drip (滴落)on the plants below.

Molai 35 to plant trees for the next 37 years. His efforts have resulted in 1,360 acres of naturally-grown land that has become

home to many plants and animals. 21.A. dream B. job C. home D. choice 22.A. nature B. youth C. culture D. knowledge

23.A.precious B. interesting C. disturbing D. awkward 24.A. waste B. tension C. pain D. damage 25.A. Besides B.

However C. Therefore D. Otherwise 26.A. agreed B. realized

C. remembered

D. predicted 27.A. noise B. heat C. disease

D. dust 28. A. directions B. partners C. help D. shelter

29.A. labor B. police C. forest D. finance 30.A. rebuilt

B. discovered

C. left

D. managed 31.A. Decorating B.

Observing C. Watering D. Guarding 32.A. tough B. illegal

C. fantastic

D. beneficial 33.A. back B. top C. foot D.

side 34.A. cool down B. keep off C. purify D. collect 35.A. returned B. learned C. failed D. continued

第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)

阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Many people have the hobby of collecting things, e.g. stamps, postcards or antiques. In the 18th and 19th centuries,

____36_____(wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical

objects and works of art. They kept their collection at home until it got too big ____37_____ until they died, and then it was given to a museum. The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example,

____38_____ (form) the core collection of the British Museum ____39_____ opened in 1759.

The parts of a museum open to the public ____40_____ (call) galleries or rooms. Often, only a small part of a museum's collection

_____41____ (be) on display. Most of it is stored away or used for research. Many museums are lively places and they attract a lot of visitors. As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine _____42____ (they) living at a different time in history or ______43___ (walk) through a rainforest. At the Jorvik Centre in York, the city's Viking settlement is recreated, and people experience the sights, sounds and smells of the old town. Historical ____44_____ (accurate) is important but so is entertainment. Museums must compete _____45____ people's spare time and money with other amusements. Most museums also welcome school groups and arrange special activities for children. 第三部分写作(共两节,满分40分)

第一节(满分15分)

假定你是李华,上周日你校举办了5公里越野赛跑活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道,内容包括: 1. 参加人员;

2. 跑步路线:从校门口到南山脚下;

3. 活动反响。

注意:

1. 写作词数应为80左右;

2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

A Cross-Country Running Race

________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(满分25分)

阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。

The Meredith family lived in a small community. As the economy was in decline, some people in the town had lost their jobs. Many of their families were struggling to make ends meet. People were trying to help each other meet the challenges.

Mrs. Meredith was a most kind and thoughtful woman. She spent a great deal of time visiting the poor. She knew they had problems, and they needed all kinds of help. When she had time, she would bring food and medicine to them.

One morning she told her children about a family she had visited the day before. There was a man sick in bed, his wife, who took care of him and could not go out to work, and their little boy. The little boy - his name was Bernard - had interested her very much.

"I wish you could see him," she said to her own children, John, Harry, and Clara. "He is such a help to his mother. He wants very much to earn some money, but I don't see what he can do."

After their mother left the room, the children sat thinking about Bernard. "I wish we could help him to earn money," said Clara. "His family is suffering so much."

"So do I," said Harry. "We really should do something to assist them."

For some moments, John said nothing, but, suddenly, he sprang to his feet and cried, "I have a great idea! I have a solution that we can all help accomplish (完成)."

The other children also jumped up all attention. When John had an idea, it was sure to be a good one. "I tell you what we can do," said John. "You know that big box of corn Uncle John sent us? Well, we can make popcorn (爆米花),and put it into paper bags, and Bernard can take

it around to the houses and sell it.'' 注意:

1. 续写词数应为150左右;

2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

When Mrs. Meredith heard of John's idea, she thought it was a good one,

too.____________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ _ With everything ready, Bernard started out on his new

business._______________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ _

2020年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试

(山东卷)

参考答案

1-5 ACBCA 6-10BCBDB 11-15ADDAC 16-20 GACBD 21-25 CACDA 26-30 BBDCB 31-35 CABDD

36.wealthy 考查词性转换。“In the 18th and 19th centuries, wealthy people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art.

在18和19世纪,有钱人旅行和收集植物标本、历史文物和艺术品。”

修饰名词people,用形容词形式作定语,故填wealthy 。

37.or 考查并列连词。“They kept their collection at home until it got too big or until they died, and then it was given to a museum.

他们把藏品放在家里,直到规模变得太大或者他们去世了,然后交给博物馆。”根据句意可知“直到规模变得太大或者他们去世了” until it got too big 和

until they died是并列成分,而且表选择关系,因此用并列连词or。

38.formed 考查谓语动词的时态。“The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, formed the core collection of the British Museum which opened in 1759. 例如,汉斯·斯隆爵士收藏的8万件文物,成了1759年开馆的大英博物馆的核心藏品。” 句中collected by Sir Hans Sloane

是过去分词短语作定语,修饰objects,后面的for example是插入语,因此,该

句的主语是The 80,000

objects,空格处是句子的谓语部分,根据时间状语in 1759,可知用一般过去时。

39.which/that 考查定语从句。“The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, formed the core collection of the British Museum which/that opened in 1759. 例如,汉斯·斯隆爵士收藏的8万件文物,成了1759年开馆的大英博物馆的核心藏品。” 先行词 the British

Museum在定语从句中作opened的主语,且指代“物”,定语从句的引导词用关系

代词which或that。

40.are called 考查谓语动词的时态和语态。“The parts of a museum open to the public are called

galleries or rooms. 博物馆对公众开放的部分被叫做画廊或展厅。” 句中open to the public作定语,修饰The parts of a museum,因此,该句的主语是The parts of a

museum,空格处是句子的谓语部分,根据下文时态和句意,可知用一般现在时的被动语态。

41. is 考查谓语动词的时态。“Often, only a small part of a museum's collection is on display. 通常,博物馆只有一小部分藏品展出。” 该句的主

语a small part of a museum's collection是第三人称单数形式,根据下文时态,可知用一般现在时is。

42.themselves 考查反身代词的用法。“As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine

themselves living at a different time in history or walking through a rainforest.

除了观看展品外,参观者还可以玩计算机模拟,想象自己生活在不同的历史时期,或者漫步在雨林中。” 该句的主语是visitors,后面的imagine和前面的can play with computer

simulations是并列谓语部分,空格部分作imagine宾语,而且和主语visitors

表示“同一些人”,因此用反身代词themselves。

43.walking 考查非谓语动词的用法。“As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine themselves living at a different time in history or walking through a rainforest.

除了观看展品外,参观者还可以玩计算机模拟,想象自己生活在不同的历史时期,或者漫步在雨林中。” imagine themselves后面的living at a different time in history和walking through a rainforest是并列现在分词做宾补。

44.accuracy 考查词性转换。Historical accuracy is important but so is entertainment. 历史的准确性很重要,娱乐性也很重要。” 空格中所填单词在句中作主语,故用

accurate的名词形式accuracy。

45. for考查介词用法。“Museums must compete for people's spare time and money with other

amusements. 博物馆为了争夺人们的业余时间和金钱必须与其他娱乐项目竞争。” compete for sth with sb 与某人争夺某物。

第三部分写作

第一节

参考范文:

A Cross-Country Running Race

Last Sunday, our school held a 5km cross-country running race, which attracted many enthusiastic participants, including both students and teachers.

The route went from our school gate to the foot of the South Mountain. About 200 students and 60 teachers participated in the race, which began at 9: 00 am and lasted about an hour. The whole course was extremely difficult. However, no participants gave up halfway. All the racers held on to the finish line.

Although the activity was challenging, everyone enjoyed it and benefited a lot from it. Therefore, we all think highly of it, and expect more activities like this in the future. 第二节

参考范文:

When Mrs. Meredith heard of the idea, she thought it was a good one, too. Then Mrs. Meredith searched the Internet and ordered a household popcorn machine. After that, Mrs. Meredith, together with her three children, paid another visit to the family and told them about the popcorn plan. The family were deeply moved, especially Bernard who could sell popcorn to make money for his family. A few days later, the machine was

delivered to Mrs. Meredith's doorstep. And it wasn’t long before they got the hang of using the machine to make popcorn.

With everything ready, Bernard started out on his new business. Although it was a hard time and things were tight for everybody, Bernard's business worked out quite well. He carried the popcorn on his small bike, going from door to door to sell it. People were surprised to see such a little poorly-dressed boy selling popcorn at their doors, but eventually almost all of them would buy a bag or two. It is love that makes the world go around and Bernard felt it deep in his little heart.

2018山东高考英语真题附答案

2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英语 注意事项: 1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。 考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分) 做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题:每小题1.5分,满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例: How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. What will James do tomorrow? A. Watch a TV program. B. Give a talk. C.Write a report. 2. What can we say about the woman? A. She's generous. B. She's curious C. She's helpful 3. When does the train leave? A. At 6:30. B.At 8:30. C.At 10:30. 4. How docs the woman go to work? A. By car. B. On foot. C.By bike. 5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Teacher and student. C. Doctor and patient. 第二节(共15小题:每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。 6. What does the woman regret? A. Giving up her research.

2017年山东春季高考英语试题

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