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(完整)英语专升本易混词汇辨析总结,推荐文档

(完整)英语专升本易混词汇辨析总结,推荐文档
(完整)英语专升本易混词汇辨析总结,推荐文档

1. clothes, cloth, clothing

clothes 统指各种衣服,谓语动词永远是复数;

cloth 指布,为不可数名词;

clothing 服装的总称,指一件衣服用a piece of, an article of

2. incident, accident

incident 指小事件;

accident 指不幸的事故,例:He was killed in the accident.

3. amount, number

amount 后接不可数名词;

number 后接可数名词,例:a number of students

4. family, house, home

home 家,包括住处和家人;

house 房子,住宅;

family 家庭成员,例:My family is a happy one.

5. sound, voice, noise

sound 自然界各种各样的声音;

voice 人的嗓音;

noise 噪音,例:I hate the loud noise outside.

6. photo, picture, drawing

photo 用照相机拍摄的照片;

picture 可指相片,图片,电影片,例:Let's go and see a good picture.

drawing 画的画。

7. vocabulary, word

vocabulary 词汇,一个人拥有的单词量,例:He has a large vocabulary.

word 具体的单词。

8. population, people

population 人口,人数,例:China has a large population.

people 具体的人。

9. weather, climate

weather 一天内具体的天气状况;

climate 长期的气候状况,例:The climate here is not good for you.

10. road, street, path, way

road 具体的公路,马路,例:take this road

street 街道,例:in the street

path 小路,小径;

way 道路,途径,例:Show me the way to the museum.

11. course, subject

course 课程(可包括多门科目),例:a summer course

subject 科目(具体的学科)

12. custom, habit

custom 传统风俗,习俗,也可指生活习惯,后接to do;

habit 生活习惯,习惯成自然,后接of doing. 例:I've got the habit of drinking a lot.

13. cause, reason

cause 指造成某一事实或现象的直接原因,后接of sth./doing sth;

reason 用来解释某种现象或结果的理由,后接for sth./doing sth. 例:the reason for being late

14. exercise, exercises, practice

exercise 运动,锻炼(不可数);

exercises 练习(可数);

practice(反复做的)练习,例:Practice makes perfect.

15. class, lesson

作“课”解时,两者可以替换。

指课文用lesson,例:Lesson 6,第6课;

指班级或全体学生用class,例:Class 5,5班。

16. speech, talk, lecture

speech 指在公共场所所做的经过准备的较正式的演说;

talk 日常生活中的一般的谈话,讲话;

lecture 学术性的演讲,讲课,例:a series of lecture on…

17. officer, official

officer 部队的军官,例:an army officer

official 政府官员。

18. work, job

二者均指工作。

work 不可数;job 可数,例:a good job

19. couple, pair

couple 主要指人或动物;

pair 多指由两部分组成的东西,例:a pair of trousers

20. country, nation, state, land

country 侧重指版图,疆域;

nation 指人民,国民,民族;

state 侧重指政府,政体;

land 国土,国家,例:The whole nation was sad at the news.

21. cook, cooker

cook 厨师,例:He is a good cook.

cooker 厨具。

22. damage, damages

damage 不可数名词,损害,损失;

damages 复数形式,赔偿金,例:$900 damages

23. police, policeman

police 警察的总称,后接复数谓语动词,例:The police are questioning everyone in the house.

policeman 指某个具体的警察。

24. problem, question

problem 常和困难连系,前面的动词常为think about, solve, raise;

question 常和疑问连系,多和ask, answer连用。

25. man, a man

man 人类;

a man 一个男人,例:Man will conquer nature.

26. chick, chicken

二者均可指小鸡,chicken还可以当鸡肉;例:The chicken is delicious.

27. telegram, telegraph

当电报解时,telegram指具体的;例:a telegram

telegraph指抽象的;例:by telegraph

28. trip, journey, travel, voyage

travel 是最常用的;

trip 指短期的旅途;例:a three-day trip

journey 指稍长的旅途;

voyage 指海上航行。

29. sport, game

sport 多指户外的游戏或娱乐活动,如打球,游泳,打猎,赛马等;例:His favorite sport is swimming.

game 指决定胜负的游戏,通常有一套规则。

30. price, prize

price 价格;例:The price is high/low.

prize 奖,奖品,奖金;例:win the first prize

31. a number of, the number of

a number of 许多,谓语动词用复数;

the number of………的数目,谓语动词用单数。例:The number of students is increasing.

32. in front of, in the front of

in front of 范围外的前面;

in the front of 范围内的前面例:In the front of the room sits a boy.

33. of the day, of a day

of the day 每一天的,当时的,当代的,例:a famous scientist of the day;

of a day 暂时的,不长久的。

34. three of us, the three of us

three of us 我们(不止三个)中的三个;

the three of us 我们三个(就三个人)例:The three of us - Tom, Jack and I went to the cinema.

35. by bus, on the bus

by bus 表手段,方式,不用冠词,例:They went there by bus.

on the bus 表范围。

36. for a moment, for the moment

for a moment 片刻,一会儿,例:Thinking for a moment, he agreed.

for the moment 暂时,一时。

37. next year, the next year

next year 将来时间状语;

the next year 过去将来时间状语,例:He said he would go abroad the next year.

38. more than a year, more than one year

more than a year 一年多;

more than one year 超过一年(两年或三年等)。

39. take advice, take the(one's) advice

take advice 征求意见;

take the advice 接受忠告例:He refused to take the advice and failed again.

40. take air, take the air

take air 传播,走漏;

take the air 到户外去,散步例:We take the air every day.

41. in a word, in words

in a word 总之,一句话,例:In a word, you are right.

in words 口头上。

42. in place of, in the place of

in place of 代替;

in the place of 在…地方,例:A new building is built in the place of the old one.

43. in secret, in the secret

in secret 秘密地,暗自地,偷偷地,一般用作状语;

in the secret 知道内情,知道秘密,一般用作表语,例:My mother was in the secret from the beginning.

44. a girl, one girl

a girl 可泛指所有女孩;

one girl 一个女孩,例:Can one girl carry such a big box?

45. take a chair, take the chair

take a chair 相当于sit down坐下;

take the chair 开始开会。

46. go to sea, by sea

go to sea 当海员,出航;

by sea 乘船,由海路;by the sea 在海边。

47. the doctor and teacher, the doctor and the teacher

the doctor and teacher 指一个人,既是医生又是老师;

the doctor and the teacher 两个人,一个医生和一个老师。

48. in office, in the office

in office 在职的,例:He is in office, not out of office.

in the office 在办公室里。

49. in bed, on the bed

in bed 卧在床上,例:He is ill in bed.

on the bed 在床上,例:The book is on the bed.

50. in charge of, in the charge of

in charge of 管理,负责照料,例:He is in charge of the matter.

in the charge of 由……照料,例:The matter is in the charge of her.

51. in class, in the class

in class 在课上;

in the class 在班级里,例:He is the best student in the class.

52. on fire, on the fire

on fire 着火,例:The house is on fire.

on the fire 在火上,例:Put the food on the fire.

53. out of question, out of the question

out of question 毫无疑问的;

out of the question 不可能的。

54. a second, the second

a second 又一,再一;

the second 第……,例:He won the second prize.

55. by day, by the day

by day 白天;

by the day 按天计算,例:The workers are paid by the day. 56. the people, a people

the people 指人;

a people 指民族,例:The Chinese is a peace-loving people.

57. it, one

it 同一物体;

one 同类不同一,例:I lost my pen. I have to buy a new one.

58. that, this

that 指代上文所提到的;例:I was ill. That's why…

this 导出下文所要说的。

59. none, nothing, no one

none 强调有多少;

nothing, no one 强调有没有;nothing 指物,no one 指人。

60. anyone, any one

anyone 指人,不能接of;

any one 指人物均可,可接of 例:any one of you

61. who, what

who 指姓名或关系;

what 指职业或地位,例:What is your dad? He is a teacher.

62. what, which

what 的选择基础是无限制的;

which 在一定范围内进行选择,例:Which do you prefer, bananas or apples?

63. other, another

other 后接名词复数,例:other students

another 后接名词单数,例:another student

64. not a little, not a bit

not a little 非常;

not a bit 一点也不,例:I'm not a bit tired. 我一点儿也不累。

65. many, much, a lot of

many 和可数名词连用,例:I haven't many books.

much 和不可数名词连用;

a lot of 可数,不可数均可,但不用于否定句。

66. much more…than, many more…than

much more…than 后接形容词或不可数名词,例:much more water, much more beautiful many more…than 后接可数名词,例:many more people

67. no, not

no=not a/any

例:no friend=not a/any friend; no water=not any water

68. no more than, not more than

no more than 相当于only,仅仅,只有;

not more than 至多,不超过。

69. majority, most

majority 只能修饰可数名词,例:the majority of people

most 可数不可数均可。

70. by oneself, for oneself, to oneself, of oneself

by oneself 单独的,独自的;

for oneself 为自己;

to oneself 供自己用的;

of oneself 自行的,自动的,例:The door opened of itself.

71. at all, after all

at all 根本,全然;

after all 到底,毕竟,例:After all he is a child.

72. tall, high

tall 常指人或动物,例:He is tall.

high 常指物体。

73. fast, quickly

fast 侧重于指人或物体具有运动速度快的特点,例:run fast

quickly 侧重指某事完成或发生的快,例:answer the question quickly 74. high, highly

high 具体的高;

highly 抽象的高,高度的,例:think highly of

75. healthy, healthful

healthy 健康的,健壮的;

healthful 有益于健康的,例:healthful exercise

76. sleeping, asleep,sleepy

sleeping 正在睡觉,例:a sleeping baby

asleep 睡着,熟睡,只能做表语,例:The baby is asleep.

sleepy 困的,有睡意的,例:I'm sleepy.

77. gold, golden

gold 指真金制品,例:a gold ring

golden 指金色的,但金鱼用gold fish

78. most, mostly

most 用于表感受的肯定句中,相当于very,当大部分,大多数解时是形容词或名词,例:most people

mostly 大部分,是副词,例:the people are mostly…

79. just, very

just 表强调时是副词,作状语,例:just the man

very 表强调时是形容词,用作定语,例:the very man

80. wide, broad

wide 侧重于一边到另一边的距离;

broad 侧重于幅面的宽广,例:broad shoulders

81. real, true

real 真的,真实的,指的是事实上存在而不是想象的,例:real gold

true 真的,真正的,指的是事实和实际情况相符合,例:a true story

82. respectful, respectable

respectful 尊敬,有礼貌,例:be respectful to the aged

respectable 可敬的,值得尊敬的。

83. outwards, outward

二者均可用作副词,表示向外,外面;

outward 还可用作形容词,例:an outward voyage

84. pleasant, pleased, pleasing

pleasant 常用作定语;

pleased, pleasing 常用作表语;

pleased 主语常为人,pleasing 主语常为物,例:a pleasant trip; The trip is pleasing.

85. understanding, understandable

understanding 明白事理的,能体谅的,例:an understanding girl

understandable 可理解的,能够懂的,例:an understandable mistake

86. close, closely

close 接近,靠近,例:stand close

closely 紧紧地,紧密地,例:closely connected

87. ill, sick

ill 做表语;

sick 定语、表语均可,例:a sick boy

88. good, well

good 形容词;

well 副词,但指身体状况是形容词,例:He is well again.

89. quiet, silent, still

quiet 安静的,可以发出小的声音;

silent 不发出声音,但可以动;

still 完全不动,完全无声响,例:He stand there still. 他站在那儿,一动不动,也不说话。

90. hard, hardly

hard 努力,例:work hard

hardly 几乎不,例:I can hardly believe it.

91. able, capable

able 与不定式to do连用;

capable 与of连用,例:He is capable of doing…

92. almost, nearly

二者均为“几乎,差不多”,和否定词连用用almost,例:almost nobody。

93. late, lately

late 迟,晚;

lately 最近,近来例:I haven't seen him lately.

94. living, alive, live, lively

living, alive, live 均为活着的;

living 定表均可,alive 定表均可,定语后置;

live 只能做定语,lively 意为活泼的,例:all the living people=all the people alive

95. excited, exciting

excited 使人兴奋的,例:I'm excited.

exciting 令人兴奋的,例:The news is exciting.

96. deep, deeply

deep 具体的深,例:dig deep

deeply 抽象的深,深深地,例:deeply moved

97. aloud, loud

aloud 出声地,例:read aloud 出声地读

loud 大声地

98. worth, worthy

二者均为值得,worth后接doing;

worthy后接to be done, of being done;

例:It is worth visiting. = It's worthy to be visited. = It's worthy of being visited.

99. bad, badly

bad 形容词,例:go bad

badly 副词,不好,但与need, want, require连用为“很,非常”,例:I need the book badly.

100. before long, long before

before long 不久以后;

long before 很久以前;

例:not long before = before long

101. quite, rather

quite 完全地,相当于completely,例:quite impossible

rather 修饰比较级

102. happy, glad

happy 高兴,幸福,定表均可,例:a happy girl

glad 高兴,只能做表语

103. instead, instead of

instead 是副词,放在句首或句末,例:He didn't see a film. Instead he watched TV.

instead of 是介词短语,放在句中,例:He watched TV instead of seeing a film.

104. too much, much too

too much 后接不可数名词;

much too 后接形容词,例:much too heavy

105. be about to, be going to, be to do

be about to 表最近的将来,后面不接时间状语;

be going to 侧重打算,想法;

be to do 侧重意志,计划,安排例:I'm to meet him.(含双方事先约好的意思)106. raise, rise

raise 及物动词;

rise 不及物动词,例:The sun rises in the east.

107. bring, take, carry, fetch

bring 拿来;

take 带走;

carry 随身携带;

fetch 去回这一往返动作,例:fetch a box of chalk

108. spend, take, pay, cost

spend 人做主语,花钱,花时间,spend…on sth./in doing sth;

take 物做主语,花时间;

pay 人做主语,花钱,pay for;

cost 物做主语,花钱。

109. join, join in, take part in

join 加入某个组织,并成为其中的一员,例:He joined the army five years ago.

join in 参加小型的活动,join sb. in;

take part in 参加大型的活动。

110. learn, study

learn 学习,侧重学习的结果;

study 学习,侧重学习的过程,研究,例:study the problem

111. want, hope, wish

want 打算,想要,want to do, want sb. to do;

hope 希望(通常可以实现),hope to do/ hope that…

wish 希望(通常不能实现),wish (sb.) to do, wish sb/sth. + n.,例:I wish you success.

112. discover, invent, find out

discover 发现本来存在但不为人所知的东西;

invent 发明本来不存在的物体;

find out 发现,查明,例:At last he found out the truth.

113. answer, reply

answer 及物动词;

reply 不及物动词,例:to reply to the letter

114. leave, leave for

leave 离开;

leave for 前往,例:He left Beijing for Shanghai.

115. rob, steal

rob 抢劫,rob sb. of sth.,

steal 偷,steal sth. from sb.

116. shoot, shoot at

shoot 射死,例:He shot the bird and it died.

shoot at 瞄准,但不一定射中。

117. drop, fall

drop 及物不及物均可,例:He dropped his voice.

fall 不及物动词,例:Prices fell/dropped.

118. search, search for

search 后接地点,例:He searched his pocket for money.

search for 后接东西

119. used to, be used to

used to 过去常常;

be used to 习惯于,后接sth./doing sth.;被用来,后接 do sth. 例:He is used to getting up early.

120. win, beat

win 后接sth. 反义词为lose,例:win the game

beat 后接sb.,例:beat them

121. live on, live by

live on 以……为主食,例:live on fish

live by 靠……谋生,例:live by fishing

122. beat, hit, strike

beat 连续性地击打,例:beat the wings

hit 打中,对准打;

strike 打一下或若干下。

123. meet, meet with

meet 遇到;

meet with 体验到,遭遇到,例:meet with an accident

124. lose, miss

lose 失去(具体的物体),错过,例:sth. is lost, lose the chance;

miss 想念,错过,例:sth. is missing, miss the chance

125. be tired of, be tired with/from

be tired of 厌烦……

be tired with/from 因为……而累了,例:be tired with/from running 800 meters 126. care about, care for

care about 关心,计较,在乎,一般多用于否定句中。例:He doesn't care about his clothes.

care for 关心,照料,喜欢,愿意。例:I don't care for movies.

127. catch a cold, have a cold

catch a cold 不能和表示"一段时间"的状语连用;

have a cold 可以和表示"一段时间"的状语连用,例:She has had a cold for a week.

128. change for, change into

change for 调换成,例:the shirt for a bigger one.

change into 变成为... 例:Water changes into ice.

129. continue, last

二者均为持续,continue主动、被动均可。例:The story is to be continued.

last只能用主动,例:The war lasted/continued five years.

130. feed, raise

feed 喂养,养活,饲养;

raise 饲养,养育(孩子),例:raise the family

131. go for a doctor, go to a doctor

go for a doctor 去请医生;

go to a doctor 去看病

132. notice, observe, catch sight of

notice 注意到;

observe 观察,仔细地看,例:observe the stars

catch sight of 突然看到

133. insist on, stick to

insist on 坚持要求,后常接doing;

stick to 坚持, 后常接sth. 例:stick to the plan

134. look, seem, appear

look 指从外表上看,例:look like his father

seem 指内心的判断;

appear 指给人以表面的印象,例:appear wise

135. gather, collect

gather 把分散的东西集中到一起;

collect 指精心地、有选择地进行收集,例:collect stamps

136. mean to do, mean doing

mean to do 打算,想要做某事;

mean doing 意思是,意味着。例:By this I mean giving the students more practice.

137. die from, die of

die from 表示死于(枪)伤,虚弱,过度劳累,饮食过度等;

die of 表示死于疾病,饥饿,寒冷,年老,忧愁,失恋等精神因素。例:die of hunger and cold

138. pay for, pay back, pay off

pay for 为……付钱,例:pay for the book;

pay back 还钱,但不一定还清;

pay off 还清,例:pay off the debt

139. divide, separate

divide 把一个整体分成几部分,例:divide the apple;

separate 把连在一起的个体分开,例:separate the houses

140. arrive, get, reach

arrive 不及物动词,后接in(大地点),at(小地点)。例:arrive in Beijing get 不及物动词后接to,例:get to Beijing

reach 及物动词,例:reach Beijing

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金碧(壁)辉煌完璧(壁)归赵 凋敝(蔽) 刚愎(復)自用原形毕(必)露 裨(俾)益 心胸褊(偏)狭针砭(贬)时弊辨(辩)证施治辩(辨)证法明辨(辩)是非 辨(辩)析 治标(表)不治本濒(频)临 赌博(搏) 脉搏(博、膊)按部(步)就班战略部(布)署 暴(爆)乱 山洪暴(爆)发 暴(爆)躁 锋芒毕(必)露 舞弊(敝) 彬彬(杉杉)有礼 C 璀璨(灿) 粲(灿)然一笑

察(查)言观色检察(查)院 河汊(叉) 惊诧(咤) 一刹(霎)那兴高采(彩)烈听信谗(馋)言万古长(常)青好景不长(常)杀人偿(尝)命瞠(膛)目结舌墨守成(陈)规 松弛(驰) 不齿(耻)于人类忧心忡忡(冲)一筹(愁)莫展相形见绌(拙)汆(氽)丸子 串(窜)门 川(穿)流不息吹毛求疵(刺)催(摧)化剂 精粹(萃) 张灯结彩(采)丰富多彩(采) 喝彩(采) 出类拔萃(粹)措(错)手不及

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