大学英语6级预测卷 第2套

大学英语六级考试全真预测试卷二Part I Writing (30 minutes)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: Why Do the ViewersLike Watching Sport Programs? You should write at least 150 words, and base your composition on the chart and outline below: 1. 简要分析图表 2. 分析观众喜欢看体育节目的原因Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Why Your Memory Can Strengthen Your RelationshipMemory is a powerful tool for creating and sustaining intimacy. Five well-established principles guide the functioning of memory. When we understand how these principles work, we can build better relationships by shifting our behavior in a way that plays to the power of memory. These are simple changes, but the effect they can have on our connection with loved ones is profound.Try the following exercise to experience these principles in action: Read the following forty words one time only, left to right. Don't study them; just read each word in turn, or have someone read the words to you. Then write down the words you remember.Snow car pole deck table bottle light family inspiration sand plant rug cellar gate pillow trunk paper road knife stool string zone coat cup Madonna light wind tree rope stamp tape light coal card pick truck cape pilot desk frame.Almost everyone who completes this exercise remembers the first two words from the list (snow, car). Psychologists refer to our tendency to remember what comes first as the "primacy effect. " Most people also remember the last two words (desk, frame), a phenomenon researchers call the "recency effect " We're also most likely to remember elements that stand out from or are incongruous with other elements in the group (Madonna), elements that have a special personal association in the context (family, inspiration) and elements that are repeated (light).So how can the principles of memory help us cultivate more happiness and a deeper sense of connection with our loved ones? Let's consider them one at a time:PrimacyOur brains most powerfully remember elements and events that come first. So we benefit by making our first experiences each day positive ones, starting with how we wake up. Many people begin their day with the shock of a buzzer alarm or the reliable, but often depressing, radio news. That primes you with grumpy feelings even before you crawl out of bed, and you're likely to carry that negativity into your first interactions with family ( "Why do you always take so long in the bathroom?!").That grumpy interaction then becomes the "first experience" that lingers in each family member's mind, coloring how he or she perceives each other and setting the tone for interactions the rest of the day. Instead, begin your day on a positive note to make the most of the primacy effect. Wake up to inspiring music or craft a simple ritual to start your day. A few minutes of meditation, yoga, stretching or reading from an inspiring text will add positive feelings to your morning. Also, consciously plan how you will greet your family. Prepare to say somethingpositive and uplifting. These daily messages make a big difference in the quality of your family interactions.Another critical "first" is when you or your loved one arrives home from work. Work can be stressful, and it's easy to begin commiserating with each other when you walk in the door. But after years of greeting one another with complaints about the difficulties of your day, you will have accumulated a powerful, and negative, memory bank of "first impressions"— impressions that begin to color the way you see your partner.If you take the time for a loving hug and some words of affection when you walk in the door, you'll set a more positive emotional tone — and a better, more supportive framework for eventually sharing the challenges you choose to discuss.RepetitionHave you noticed how advertisers repeat their product names over and over again? Why? Because people remember things that are repeated (and we tend to buy the things we remember). In the same way, your loved ones remember the things you repeat if your partner or child regularly hears negative messages, he or she will "buy" those messages the same way consumers buy familiar products—and feelings of loving connection will disintegrate, Consistently communicating positive messages to loved ones has the opposite effect They will reinforce self-confidence and strengthen loving binds.OutstandingFamiliarity is a double-edged sword: It's comfortable, but it can also be boring. Novel experiences combat the dull edge of routine and make for enduring, positive memories. New experiences don't have to be grand gestures; there are opportunities for creativity and surprise in every day. Do one of the household chores that is normally your partner's responsibility. Explore a new route on your evening walk. Treat your partner to a foot massage or sign up for tango lessons.Personal AssociationWe all want to be appreciated for our uniqueness. Recognizing and celebrating each family member's individuality fosters feelings of connection and intimacy. One of the most powerful ways to recognize someone's individuality is by being fully present with him or her at least once a day. Make a habit of really listening to each other's stories. Practice active listening by asking questions and occasionally repeating something you've heard to affirm that you understood. Giving over your full attention conveys love and respect and strengthens family bonds. RecencyWe also tend to remember events and experiences that happened most recently, so it's wise to bring special attention to the last interactions we have with family each day. Close the day with your family just as you started it: with loving words and sweet sentiments. Be aware, too, of other departures, like setting off for work or school, or leaving for a business trip. Take a moment to connect and share your love before you are whisked off into the rush of your day. Both you and your loved ones will remember and cherish the positive send-off.Traditional cultures had an intuitive understanding of how we remember. They used rituals at transitional times of day— upon waking, before meals and prior to sleeping—to imbue each day with meaning. Modern culture has fallen away from these traditions, but with mindfulness and a willingness to shift our behaviors to play to the power of memory, we can create our own rituals to bring more intimacy to our closest relationships.1. The underlined words "are incongruous with" can be replaced by ___.[ A ] are harmonious with [ B ] are connected with [ C ] are supplemental for [ D ] are different with2. According to the passage, your grumpy interaction could ___.[A] make better in the quality of your family interactions [B] set the inspiring tone for interactions the rest of the day[C] affect how other family member perceives each other [D ] difficultly spread into other family member's mind3. According to the passage, what can cause your ill-tempered feelings?[A ] An inspiring alarm. [B] Listening to radio news. [C] Reading a depressing news. [D] Staying in bed too long.4. If your lover just gets home from stressful work, you'd better not___.[ A ] share challenges in a better atmosphere [ C ] stop her complaints about the work[ B ] speak some words of affection [ D ] talk of difficulties of her day5. Which of the following actions does NOT reflect the principle of Outstanding?[A] Explore a new way on your evening walk. [B] Do some housework that is normally your lover's duty.[C] Regularly communicate positive massages to your partner.[D] Treat your lover to a foot massage you have never gone.6. Making full use of the principle of Personal association means you should ___.[A] accompany with your partner all the time [ C] be fully aware of your loved ones' personality[ B] make sure to understand your partner's words [ D] make a habit of asking questions actively7. According to the passage, preparing a romantic candle-light dinner back from work for your partner reflects probably the principle of ____.[A] Primacy [B] Outstanding [C] Personal Association [D] Recency8. The principle of Recency reminds us to pay attention to ________________ we have with family each day.9. _____________________ used rituals at transitional times of day to imbue each day with meaning.10. The passage tells us how to strengthen family bonds by fully using ____________________.Part III Listening Comprehension (3 minutes)Section A11. [ A ] She broke the microphone. [ B ] She was interrupted by a phone call during her presentation.[ C ] She is planning to give her presentation as soon as the microphone is fixed.[ D ] The microphone broke just as she began her presentation.12. [A] One month. [ B ] One month and a half. [C] Two months. [ D ] Two months and a half.13. [ A ] She should live in the country. [ C ] He prefers to live in the country.[B ] She should live near the spring. [D] He agrees with the woman.14. [ A ] It is the best city he's ever visited. [ C ] It is difficult to get around in the city.[ B ] It was worse than he had expected. [D ] The hotel service is terrible in the city.15. [A] He will choose a new topic to write the essay.[B] He will choose the novel written by Shakespeare as the topic.[ C ] He refuses to accept the man's advice. [ D ] He is on the wrong track.16. [A] Paper plates are cheaper than dishes. [C] There is no need to wash any dishes now.[ B ] Dishes break more easily than paper plates. [ D ] The woman's roommate will return soon.17. [A] She has not applied for any university yet. [C] She does not know yet if a university will accept her.[B ] She will begin university classes in a few weeks. [D ] She is too busy to contact the university right now.18. [ A ] Reconsider his position later. [ C ] Lower the student's grade.[ B ] Allow the student to miss class. [ D ] Suggest that the student try to reschedule the operation. Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. [A] It's a market. [B ] It's a recreation center. [C] It's an algebra school. [D] It's the name of a part-time job.20. [A] Six. [B] Seven. [C] Five. [D] Six or seven.21. [A] It doesn't move at all. [C] It's next to the regular lines.[ B ] It moves much faster than regular lines. [ D ] It's her favorite.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.22. [ A ] Lower prices. [ B ] More choices. [ C ] More competition. [ D ] More companies.23. [A] Other American states. [C ] Regions outside the city where people live.[ B ] Foreign countries. [ D ] Other cities in the state where people live.24. [ A ] It's run by the government. [ C ] It offers much choice.[ B ] It appeals to most people. [ D ] It's a monopoly.25. [A] She'll pay per minute. [C ] Shell pay a yearly service fee.[ B ] She'll pay a monthly service fee. [D ] She won't have to pay.Section BPassage One Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. [ A ] Because they are too small to understand the rules. [ C ] Because they don't have much time for it.[ B ] Because they are absent-minded. [D] Because they are not interested in it.27. [ A ] A camera. [B ] A film. [C] A photo. [D] A picture.28. [A] Time. [ B ] Memory. [C] Habit. [ D ] Textbook.Passage Two Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.29. [ A ] Botany is a very ancient learning. [ B ] People in the Stone Age knew a lot about plants.[ C ] People in the Stone Age knew little about plants. [D ] Pre-industrial societies have little insights about plants. 30. [ A ] People who live in Amazon tribes don't think plants are the basis of the food pyramid.[ B ] People who live in Amazon tribes don't regard botany as a special branch of knowledge.[ C ] People who live in Amazon tribes know all the properties of plants in the jungle.[ D ] People who live in Amazon tribes give some special names to botany.31. [ A ] Agriculture in the industrialized world. [ C ] The association between roses and humans.[ B ] Cultivated crops. [ D ] The discoveries of certain grasses.Passage Three Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.32. [A] Almost one million. [C] Nearly 400 thousand.[ B ] About 600 thousand. [ D ] Approximately 200 thousand.33. [A] Residential area. [B ] Shopping centers. [C] Parking lots.[ D ] Shopping centers or parking lots near stadiums or gymnasiums.34. [ A ] They have to break into the car.[ B ] Five percent of the cars are left unlocked.[C ] They sometimes find car keys in the ignition and simply get in.[ D ] They knock out the driver and get the car away.35. [A] Young people who want to ride a car for joy. [C] People who lack money to buy a car.[ B ] Professionals who steal cars for other crimes. [ D ] Both A and B.Section CThere is something hard to (36)____ about cherries. The small red fruit is a popular (37)__________ food around the world. In northern areas, cherry trees are just beginning to produce flowers.Cherries are thought to be native to western Asia. There are two major kinds of cherries (38)___________ in the world: sour and sweet.Sour cherries are not eaten fresh because they contain little sugar. Instead, they are (39)____________ to make (40)___________ foods like jellies and pies and to make (41)___________ drinks. The United States is a major producer of sour cherries. Among the states, Michigan is the top producer. Russia, Poland and Turkey are other important (42)___________ nations.Sweet cherries contain much more sugar than their sour (43)_________ and are usually eaten fresh. Washington State is the biggest American producer, followed by California and Oregon. The United States, Iran and Turkey are major producers of sweet cherries. (44)________________________________________________________.Fresh cherries do not store well. (45)________________________________________________________.Cherry trees are also valued for their springtime blossoms. (46)__________________________________.Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)Section ATwo cities that lay at the edge of the Mediterranean more than 1,200 years ago, Herakleion and Eastern Canopus, disappeared suddenly, swallowed by the sea. Now, an international team of scientists may have figured out the mystery of why it happened.The researchers have concluded that the two cities collapsed when the land they were built on suddenlyliquefied (液化).Until recently, the only evidence that they existed came from Greek mythology and the writings of ancient historians. Then, during expeditions in 1999 and 2000, a team of French marine archaeologists headed by Franck Goddio found the ruins — almost completely intact — buried on the seafloor of the Abu Qir Bay in Egypt.Since then, there has been much speculation (猜测) about why the cities disappeared so suddenly. Earthquake, subsistence (生存) conditions, and a rise in sea level have all been suggested as possibilities."There are no written documents on how, when, or why these two cities went down," said Jean-Daniel Stanley, a geoarchaeologist with the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C.Stanley and his colleagues at the Institute Europeen d'Archeologie Sous-Marine in Paris (the European Institute of Marine Archaeology) argue that a major flood of the Nile in the middle of the eighth century A.D. was to blame. The flood, they say, triggered the sinking of Eastern Canopus and Herakleion by turning the ground beneath the cities into liquefied mud.The collapse was sudden and catastrophic, said Stanley, "We can tell,” he said, "because in both places we've found gold and jewelry, which, if there had been time, people would have taken with them when fleeing."Herakleion and East Canopus once stood at the mouth of the now-extinct Canopic branch of the Nile. Built sometime between the seventh and sixth centuries B.C., as the days of the Egyptian Pharaohs were coming to an end, the cities flourished as gateways to Egypt.Herakleion was a port of entry to Egypt and grew wealthy by collecting taxes on goods being shipped upriver.Frozen in time below the waters were many temples and statues of gods and goddesses, also attesting to the cities' role as destinations for religious pilgrims.Until the undersea discovery, historians knew about the cities only through myth and ancient literature. Menelaus, the king of Sparta and husband to Helen, over whom the Trojan War was fought, was said to have stayed in Herakleion following the ten-year war against Troy.Greek mythology holds that the city of Canopus was named after Menelaus' helmsman (舵手), who was bitten by a viper (毒蛇) and transformed into a god.The Greek historian Herodotus wrote of having visited the cities in 450 B.C.The cities' fortunes declined when Alexander the Great founded Alexandria in 331 B.C. Yet centuries later, Greek geographer Strabo (63 B.C. -21 A.D.) described the location and wealth of Herakleion, while Seneca (5 B.C. -65 A.D.) condemned the cities for decadent (颓废的) and corrupt lifestyles.47. According to the passage, when did Herakleion and Eastern Canopus disappear?48. As Stanley said, if you want to know how, when or why Herakleion and Eastern Canopus disappeared, therewas/were _________ to refer to.49. Stanley thought that _________ was to blame for the cities' collapse in the middle of the eighth century A.D.50. What found below the waters could show that the cities were once the destinations for religious pilgrims?51. According to the author, the fortunes of Herakleion and Eastern Canopus declined in _________.Section B Passage One Questions 52 to 56 are based on the following passage.In ancient Greece athletic festivals were very important and had strong religious associations. The Olympian athletic festival held every four years in honor of Zeus, king of the Olympian Gods, eventually lost its local character, became first a national event and then, after the rules against foreign competitors had been abolished, international. No one knows exactly how far back the Olympic Games go, but some official records date from 7766 B.C. The games took place in August on the plain by Mount Olympus. Many thousands of spectators gathered from all parts of Greece, but no married woman was admitted even as a spectator. Slaves, women and dishonored persons were not allowed to complete. The exact sequence of events uncertain, but events included boy's gymnastics, boxing, wrestling, horse racing and field events, though there were fewer sports involved than in the modern Olympic Games.On the last day of the Games, all the winners were honored by having a ring of holy olive leaves placed on theirheads. So great was the honor that the winner of the foot race gave his name to the year of his victory. Although Olympic winners received no prize money, they were, in fact, richly rewarded by their state authorities. How their results compared with modern standards, we unfortunately have no means of telling. After an uninterrupted history of almost 1,200 years, the Games were suspended by the Romans in 394 A.D. They continued for such a long time because people believed in the philosophy behind the Olympics: the idea that a healthy body produced a healthy mind, and that the spirit of competition in sports and games was preferable to the competition that caused wars. It was over 1,500 years before another such international athlete gathering took place in Athens in 1896.Nowadays, the Games are held in different countries in turn. The host country provides vast facilities, including a stadium, swimming pools and living accommodation, but competing countries pay their own athletes' expenses.The Olympics start with the arrival in the stadium of a torch, lighted on Mount Olympus by the sun's rays. It is carried by a succession of runners to the stadium. The torch symbolized the continuation of the ancient Greek athletic ideals, and it, burns throughout the Games until the closing ceremony. The well know Olympic flag, however, is a modern conception: the five interlocking rings symbolize the uniting of all five continents participating in the Games.52. In ancient Greece, the Olympic Games _____.[A] were merely national athletic festivals[B] were in the nature of a national event with a strong religious color[ C ] had rules which put foreign participants in a disadvantageous position[D] were primarily national events with few foreign participants53. In the early days of ancient Olympic Games, _____.[A] only male Greek athletes were allowed to participate in the games[B] all Greeks, irrespective of sex, religion or social status, were allowed to take part[C] all Greeks, with the exception of women, were allowed to compete in Games[ D ] all male Greeks were qualified to compete in the Games54. The order of athletic events at the ancient Olympics _____.[A] has not definitely been established [ B ] varied according to the number of foreign competitors[ C ] was decided by Zeus, in whose honor the Games were held [ D ] was considered unimportant55. Modern athletes' results cannot be compared with those of ancient runners because _____.[A] the Greeks had no means of recording the results [C] they are much better[ B ] details such as the time were not-recorded in the past [D ] they are much worse56. Nowadays, the athletes' expenses are paid _____.[A] out of the prize money of the winners [C]by the athletes themselves[ B ] out of the funds raised by the competing nations [ D ] by contributionsPassage Two Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.How many people are suffering from labor market problems? This is one of the most critical yet contentious social policy questions. In many ways, our social statistics exaggerate the degree of hardship. Unemployment does not have the same dire (可怕的) consequences today as it did in the 1930s when most of the unemployed were primary breadwinners, when income and earnings were usually much closer to the margin of subsistence, and when there were no countervailing social programs for those failing in the labor market. Increasing affluence, the rise of families with more than one wage earner, the growing predominance of secondary earners among the unemployed, and improved social welfare protection have unquestionably mitigated (减轻) the consequences of joblessness. Earnings and income data also overstate the dimensions of hardship. Among the millions with hourly earnings at or below the minimum wage level, the overwhelming majority is from multiple earners, relatively affluent families. Most of those counted by the poverty statistics are elderly or handicapped, or have family responsibilities which keep them out of the labor force, so the poverty statistics are by no means an accurate indicator of labor market pathologies.Yet there are also many ways our social statistics underestimate the degree of labor-market-related hardship. The unemployment counts exclude millions of fully employed workers whose wages are so low that their families remain in poverty. Low wages and repeated or prolonged unemployment frequently interact to undermine the capacity for self-support. Since the number experiencing joblessness at some time during the year is several times the number unemployed in any month, those who suffer as a result of forced idleness can equal or exceed average annual unemployment, even though only a minority of the jobless in any month really suffers. For every person counted in the monthly unemployment tallies, there is another part-time working because of the inability to find fulltime work, or else outside the labor force but wanting a job. Finally, income transfers in our country have always focused on the elderly, disabled, and dependent, neglecting the needs of the working poor, so that the dramatic expansion of cash and in kind transfers does not necessarily mean that those failings in the labor market are adequately protected.As a result of such contradictory evidence, it is uncertain whether those suffering seriously as a result of labor market problems number in the hundreds of thousands or the tens of millions, and, hence, whether high levels of joblessness can be tolerated or must be countered by job creation and economic stimulus. There is only one area of agreement in this debate --- that the existing poverty, employment, and earnings statistics are inadequate for one of their primary applications, measuring the consequences of labor market problems.57. Which of the following does "labor market problems" (Line 1, Para. 1 ) refer to?[ A ] Shortage of jobs providing adequate income. [ C ] Trade relationships among producers of goods.[ B ] Deficiencies in the training of the work force. [ D ] The overall causes of poverty.58. The author contrasts the 1930s with the present in order to show that ___ .[A] more people were unemployed in the 1930s[B] social programs are more needed now[C] unemployment now has less severe effects[ D ] now there is a greater proportion of elderly and handicapped people among those in poverty59. Which of the following proposals best responds to the issues raised by the author?[A] Innovative programmes using multiple approaches should be set up to reduce the level of unemployment.[B] A compromise should be found between the positions of those who view joblessness an evil greater than economic control and those who hold the opposite view.[C] New statistical indices should be developed to measure the degree to which unemployment and inadequately paid employment cause suffering.[D] Consideration should be given to the ways in which statistics can act as partial causes of the phenomena that they purport to measure.60. The author's purpose in citing those who are repeatedly unemployed during a twelve-month period is most probably to show that ___ .[ A ] there are several factors that cause the payment of low wages to some members of the labor force[ B ] unemployment statistics can underestimate the hardship resulting from joblessness[ C ] recurrent inadequacies in the labor market can exist and cause hardships for individual workers[ D ] a majority of those who are jobless at any time does not suffer severe hardship61. According to the text, one factor that causes unemployment and earnings figures to over-predict the amount pf economic hardship is the ___ . .[A] recurrence of periods of unemployment for a group of low wage workers[ B ] fact that unemployment counts do not include those who work for low wages[C] establishment of a system of record keeping that makes it possible to compile poverty statistics[D] prevalence, among low wage workers and the unemployed, of members of families in which others are employedPart V Cloze (15 minutes)Scientists around the world are racing to learn how to rapidly diagnose, treat and stop the spread of a new, deadly disease. SARS — Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome — was 62 for the first time in February 2003 in Hanoi, 63 since then has infected more than 1,600 people in 15 countries, killing 63. At this 64 , there are more questions than answers surrounding the disease. Symptoms start 65 a fever over 100. 4 degrees F, chills. headache or body 66 . Within a week, the patient has a dry cough, which might 67 to shortness of breath. In 10% to 20% of cases, patients require _68_ ventilation to breathe. About 3. 5% die from the disease. Symptoms 69 begin in two to seven days, but some reports suggest it 70 take as long as 10 days. Scientists are close to 71 a lab test to diagnose SARS. In the meantime, it is diagnosed by its symptoms. There is no evidence 72 antibiotics or anti-viral medicines help, 73 doctors can offer only supportive care. Patients with SARS are kept in isolation to reduce the risk of 74 . Scientists aren't sure yet, but some researchers think it's a 75 discovered coronavirus, the family of viruses that cause some common colds.Most cases appear to have been passed 76 droplets expelled when infected patients cough or sneeze. Family members of infected people and medical workers who care 77 them have been most likely to 78 the illness. But recent developments in Hong Kong suggest that the 79 might spread through air, or that the virus might 80 for two to three hours on doorknobs or other 81 . Health experts say it is unlikely, though, that sharing an elevator briefly with an infected person would be enough to pass the virus.62. [A] detected [B] caught [C] disclosed [D] revealed63. [A] but [B]and [C] or [D] yet64. [A] time [B] point [C] aspect [D] instance65. [A] from [B] over [C] upon [D] with66. [A] hurt [B] sore [C] aches [D] feelings67. [A] process [B] advance [C] progress [ D ] converted68. [A] automatic [B] artificial [C] mechanical [D] controlled69. [A] regularly [B] ordinarily [C] traditionally [D] generally70. [A] will [B] might [C] should [D]must71. [A] cultivating [B] fostering [C] developing [D] designing72. [A] which [B] that [C] whether [D] what73. [A] so [B] but [C] still [D]yet74. [A] communication [B] transportation [C] transformation [D] transmission75. [A] lately [B] newborn [C] newly [D] renewed76. [A] under [B] through [C] beneath [D] from77. [A] for [B]over [C] after [D] about78. [A] acquire [B] receive [C] obtain [D] contract79. [A]ailmenth [B] ill-healt [C] disease [D] infection80. [A] continue [B] linger [C] delay [D] persist81. [A] exteriors [B] outside [C] surfaces [D] coveringsPart VI Translation (5 minutes)82. The teacher treats the student ___________________________________(就像自己的亲生孩子一样).83. A vegetable crop expert advised _____________________________________(将这些蔬菜放置在可以接受八到十小时日晒的地方) a day.84. Thousands of people came to Loch Ness each year ______________________(希望他们会看到那有名的生物).85. Since I went to senior high school, _________________________________(我的生活有了一些重要的变化).86. If we can make good use of time, __________________________________________(我们就可以期望得到好的成效并获得丰厚利润).。

大学英语六级考试真题模拟及参考答案2Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the importance of team spirit and communication in the workplace.You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.【参考范文】The Importance of Team Spirit and Communication in the WorkplaceWhen it comes to the team spirit and communication, all of us ought to see it in perspective. Fortunately, with the society commercializing and competition becoming fierce, a substantial number of people are paying due attention to it.It is apparent that we are supposed to be aware of the importance of team spirit and communication, especially in workplace.Hardly can anyone achieve success in his career without the assistance of his colleagues and communication with his partners. As grows increasingly fierce, we must defeat our rivals through powerful team work. Take basketball star Yao Ming for an example. He can slam the duck smartly because all his teammates contribute more or less to his outstanding performance. If we work separately, we will be confined to frail minds and limited resources.On the basis of the analysis above, we may draw a conclusion that team spirit and communication really count in this competitive society. Therefore, we should associate ourselves harmoniously with our companions in every attempt towards our goals. In addition, it is indispensable to train our kids frequently to interact smoothly with others in a team. As the frequently-quoted proverb goes, unity is strength.【参考译文】当谈到团队精神和沟通，我们所有人都应该正确看待它。

2023英语六级12月第二套试卷2023年12月英语六级第二套试卷指的是在2023年12月英语六级考试中，与第一套试卷不同，独立设计的第二套试题。

英语六级考试分为两套试卷，每套试卷的题目不同，难度相当。

第二套试卷的题目类型和难度与第一套相同，但是题目内容和选项会有所不同，以保证考试的公正性和客观性。

以选择题、填空题和作文题为例，以下是2023年12月英语六级第二套试卷的示例：一、选择题（每题2分，共4分）1.The company has a strict _____ on environmental protection.A. policyB. principleC. practiceD. procedure2.The ____ of the project was delayed due to budget cuts.A. implementationB. completionC. designD. planning二、填空题（每空1分，共2分）1.The ____ of the company's products is very important for its success.A. innovationB. qualificationC. standardizationD. certification2.The ____ of the room is 100 square meters.A. sizeB. areaC. lengthD. volume三、作文题（20分）Title: The Importance of Communication Skills in the WorkplaceIn this article, discuss the importance of communication skills in the workplace and provide examples to support your argument. Make sure to include the benefits of good communication and the challenges it may bring, as well as the role of individuals and organizations in fostering effective communication. (200 words)总结：2023年12月英语六级第二套试卷指的是在同一次考试中独立设计的第二套试题，用于测试考生的英语水平。

大学英语六级预测试卷听力（二）sectionA大学英语六级预测试卷听力(二)sectionASection A11. [A] She prefers to stay indoors during the summer.[B] It will clear up soon.[C] Too much hot weather can be unpleasant.[D] The weather is supposed to get even hotter.12. [A] Tell her more about the exhibit.[B] Invite someone else to the museum.[C] Take a course in art history.[D] Ask Mary when the exhibit will begin.13. [A] She can find a way out.[B] What the man said is logical.[C] What the man said is illogical.[D] She agrees to what the man said.14. [A] In a laboratory.[B] At a party.[C] In a supermarket.[D] In a garden.15. [A] She also thinks the lecture was interesting.[B] She was too tired to learn much from the lecture.[C] She missed the lecture this morning.[D] She did not finish the reading before the lecture.16. [A]In a store.[B] In an airport.[C] In a police station.[D] On a subway.17. [A] It was sad.[B] It was funny and inspiring.[C] It was very moving.[D] It was given by a psychologist.18. [A] It has been in the cafeteria for several weeks.[B] Its color isn’t very bright.[C] Both speakers think it looks bad in the cafeteria.[D] The speakers selected it for the cafeteria.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you havejust heard.19. [A] A standard unit for measuring weight.[B] How to care for precious metals.[C] The value of precious metals.[D] Using the metric system.20. [A] T o measure amounts of rainfall.[B] To check the accuracy of scales.[C] To observe changes in the atmosphere.[D] To calculate the density of other metals.21. [A] It is too high for such a light weight.[B] It is difficult to judge the value of such an object.[C] It is a small amount to pay for so much precious metal.[D] It is reasonable for an object with such an important function.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.22. [A] The size of the cafeteria. [B] The food served in the cafeteria.[C] The cost of meals in the cafeteria. [D] Career opportunities in cafeterias.23. [A] Inform students of the disadvantages of fried food.[B] Find other students who will work in the cafeteria.[C] Ask students to try a new dish he has made.[D] Collect students opinions about meals.24. [A] Use less sauce on the food.[B] Serve some less expensive food.[C] Make some of the meals less fattening.[D] Stop serving hamburgers and fried chicken.25. [A] Very doubtful. [B] Quite annoyed.[C] Somewhat curious. [D] Indifferent.Section A11. M: It’s been hot and humid for three weeks straight. I wish it’d light up.W: I love summer weather, but there is a limit.Q: What does the woman mean?【。

2023年六月大学英语六级考试真题第二套The following is the second set of questions for the June 2023 College English Test Level 6, also known as CET-6.Reading ComprehensionSection A:1. According to the passage, what is the main reason for the decline in bee populations?2. What are the potential consequences of the decline in bee populations on the ecosystem?3. How can individuals help support bee populations?Section B:1. What is the author's main argument in this passage?2. What evidence does the author provide to support their argument?3. How can readers apply the author's ideas to their own lives?Cloze TestFill in the blank with the appropriate word.1. The (1)______ between China and the United States has escalated in recent months.2. The new (2)______ policy has been met with mixed reactions from the public.3. It is important to (3)______ a healthy work-life balance.WritingWrite an essay of at least 300 words on the following topic: "The Impact of Technology on Education". In your essay, discuss how technology has changed the way students learn, the benefits and challenges of integrating technology into education, and your personal opinion on this topic.ListeningListen to the audio recordings and answer the following questions:1. What is the main topic of the conversation?2. What are the speakers' opinions on the issue?3. What solutions do the speakers propose to address the problem?TranslationTranslate the following passage from Chinese to English:中国是世界上最古老的文明之一，拥有悠久的历史和丰富的文化遗产。

⼤学英语6级预测卷第2套振宇英语/6级预测密卷⼆⼤学英语6级考试专家预测密卷⼆Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay entitled On College Students’ Establishing Their Own Business. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

2024年6月大学英语六级考试真题和答案（第2套）Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay that begins with the sentence “Nowadays more and more college students have come to realize social practice and academic learning are equally important.” You can make comments, cite examples or use your personal experiences to develop your essay. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.You should copy the sentence given in quotes at the beginning of your essay.Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1. A) Read numerous comments users put online.B) Blended all his food without using a machine.C) Searched for the state-of-the-art models of blenders.D) Did thorough research on the price of kitchen appliances.2. A) Eating any blended food.B) Buying a blender herself.C) Using machines to do her cooking.D) Making soups and juices for herself.3. A) Cooking every meal creatively in the kitchen.B) Paying due attention to his personal hygiene.C) Eating breakfast punctually every morning.D) Making his own fresh fruit juice regularly.4. A) One-tenth of it is sugar.B) It looks healthy and attractive.C) One’s fancy may be tickled by it.D) It contains an assortment of nutrients.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5. A) How he has made himself popular as the mayor of Berkton.B) How the residents will turn Berkton into a tourist attraction.C) How charming he himself considers the village of Berkton to be.D) How he has led people of Berkton to change the village radically.6. A) It was developed only to a limited extent.B) It was totally isolated as a sleepy village.C) It was relatively unknown to the outside.D) It was endowed with rare natural resources.7. A) The people in Berkton were in a harmonious atmosphere.B) The majority of residents lived in harmony with their neighbors.C) The majority of residents enjoyed cosy housing conditions.D) All the houses in Berkton looked aesthetically similar.8. A) They have helped boost the local economy.B) They have made the residents unusually proud.C) They have contributed considerably to its popularity.D) They have brought happiness to everyone in the village.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A)，B)，C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.9. A) They have created the smallest remote-controlled walking robot in the world.B) They are going to publish their research findings in the journal Science Robotics.C) They are the first to build a robot that can bend, crawl, walk, turn and even jump.D) They are engaged in research on a remote-controlled robot which uses special power.10. A) It changes its shape by complex hardware.B) It is operated by a special type of tiny motor.C) It moves from one place to another by memory.D) It is powered by the elastic property of its body.11. A) Replace humans in exploratory tasks.B) Perform tasks in tightly confined spaces.C) Explore the structure of clogged arteries.D) Assist surgeons in highly complex surgery.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.12. A) She threw up in the bathroom.B) She slept during the entire ride.C) She dozed off for a few minutes.D) She boasted of her marathon race.13. A) They are mostly immune to cognitive impairment.B) They can sleep soundly during a rough ride at sea.C) They are genetically determined to need less sleep.D) They constitute about 13 percent of the population.14. A) Whether there is a way to reach elite status.B) Whether it is possible to modify one’s genes.C) Whether having a baby impacts one’s passion.D) Whether one can train themselves to sleep less.15. A) It is in fact quite possible to nurture a passion for sleep.B) Babies can severely disrupt their parents’ sleep patterns.C) Being forced to rise early differs from being an early bird.D) New parents are forced to jump out of bed at the crack of dawn.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard. 16. A) We have poor awareness of how many controversial issues are being debated.B) No one knows better than yourself what you are thinking about at the moment.C) No one can change your opinions more than those who speak in a convincing tone.D) We are likely to underestimate how much we can be swayed by a convincing article.17. A) Their belief about physical punishment changed.B) Their memory pushed them toward a current belief.C) The memory of their initial belief came back to them.D) Their experiences of physical punishment haunted them.18. A) They apparently have little to do with moderate beliefs.B) They don’t reflect the changes of view on physical punishment.C) They may not apply to changes to extreme or deeply held beliefs.D) They are unlikely to alter people’s position without more evidence.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the recording you have just heard.19. A) American moms have been increasingly inclined to live alone.B) The American population has been on the rise in the past 25 years.C) American motherhood has actually been on the decline.D) The fertility rates in America have in fact been falling sharply.20. A) More new mothers tend to take greater care of their children.B) More new mothers are economically able to raise children.C) A larger proportion of women take pride in their children.D) A larger proportion of women really enjoy motherhood.21. A) The meaning of motherhood has changed considerably.B) More and more mothers go shopping to treat themselves.C) More mothers have adult children celebrating the holiday.D) The number of American mothers has been growing steadily.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.22. A) Add to indoor toxic pollutants.B) Absorb poisonous chemicals.C) Beautify the home environment.D) Soak up surrounding moisture.23. A) NASA did experiments in sealed containers resembling thesuper-insulated offices of 1970s.B) It was based on experiments under conditions unlike those in most homes or offices.C) NASA conducted tests in outer space whose environment is different from ours.D) It drew its conclusion without any contrastive data from other experiments.24. A) Natural ventilation proves much more efficient for cleaning the air than house plants.B) House plants disperse chemical compounds more quickly with people moving around.C) Natural ventilation turns out to be most effective with doors and windows wide open.D) House plants in a normal environment rarely have any adverse impact on the air.25. A) The root cause for misinterpretations of scientific findings.B) The difficulty in understanding what’s actually happening.C) The steps to be taken in arriving at any conclusion with certainty.D) The necessity of continually re-examining and challenging findings.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.The Sun Is Also a Star is a truly lovely story of love, romance, fate,and destiny.Natasha is a Jamaican-born immigrant living____26____in America, not by choice exactly. Her parents brought her over and created the situation she____27____to be out of.Daniel is an American born of Korean immigrants. He believes in true love, fate, and all that other nonsense that Natasha____28____through scientific reasoning.Daniel and Natasha meet by____29____on the streets of New York on the day that she is to be____30____. She doesn’t tell him that but does allow him to keep her company while he tries to get her to fall in love with him over the course of the day.Natasha is me. I found her so similar to myself. She’s scientifically-minded, practical, somewhat cynical, andalways____31____. Her obsession with the universe through a scientific lens is infectious and I____32____Daniel seeing that too.Daniel is charming and passionate and has a way with words that even____33____Natasha’s tough outer shell.By the end of the book I fell in love with both of them.I used to find romance stories to always be cheap or laughable. I think now I can see the value in escaping into a story of pure optimism. I got____34____in The Sun Is Also a Star and finished it cover to cover in a weekend. I couldn’t wait to get to what I hoped would be a happy ending.It’s nice every once in a while to give in to magic. It doesn’t have to be a hard fantasy novel with actual spells, it can be the magic found between two people who just have that special something.That____35____that causes them to react and spark when they’re near each other.A) adoreB) appraiseC) assaultsD) chemistryE) coincidenceF) cracksG) deportedH) dismissesI) illegallyJ) lostK) perpetuallyL) prescribedM) shrewdN) skepticalO) strivesSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.These are the habits to avoid if you want to make a behavior changeA) According to recent research, behavioral change involves physical changes in the brain. In the past decade, researchers have shown that when it comes to the duration of making a new behavior a deep-rooted habit there is not a simple answer. Even for the most productive and disciplined among us, undoing something that has become an automatic part of who we are takes more than an overnight effort. Once we’ve successfully made that change, we then have to make other adjustments to our lives to ensure that we continue to maintain it, which is often a whole other challenge in itself.B) At its core, success in changing and maintaining a behavior rarely occurs without the introduction of some sort of system. When there isn’t the right framework in place, we face a greater likelihood of derailing our hard-earned progress. To ensure success in changing and maintaining a behavior, we should stay away from some detrimental habits.C) The first one to avoid is relying on willpower. Think about the last time you vowed to resist a temptation. Perhaps you didn’t want to check your phone every 15 minutes, or you were determined not to reach for a chocolate bar at 3 p.m. Think about how difficult it must have been not to glance at your phone when it was within reach, or not to walk to the vending machine when your afternoon slump hit.D) The research on whether we have finite or infinite willpower is inconclusive, but experts do generally agree that you can’t change and sustain a habit if you rely on your willpower alone. The old military saying “You never rise to the occasion, you only sink to the level of training” also applies to behavior change. The idea is simple—you repeat something so many times that it becomes automatic.E) Think about what else you can change about your surrounding that makes it easier for you to perform this change on a daily basis. This is called your “cue.” Basically, it’s a trigger to perform that particular habit. If you don’t want to reach for a sugary treat at 3 p.m., have a box of herbal tea ready at your desk. When 3 p.m. comes around, that’s your cue to pour yourself a cup of hot water and drink that tea, instead of walking to the vending machine.F) The second one to avoid is focusing on negative goals. Sometimes, it’s not your process that lets you down, but the habit that you want to change in the first place. For starters, not eating chocolate to beat your afternoon slump is a harder goal than swapping chocolate for herbal tea when you reach the designated time. Your brain wants to find routinesthat have succeeded in the past and allow you to repeat those actions again in the future without having to think about them explicitly. However, this habit-learning system isn’t so effective when it comes to learning not to do something. That’s why rather than giving up something, think about introducing something in its place. Focus on actions you are going to take that will ultimately conflict with the behaviors you want to stop. When your attention is on doing something new, you give your habit system a chance to operate.G) The third one to avoid is using the same strategies in different circumstances. Because we are creatures of habit, it’s natural to assume that when we do manage to adopt and sustain a desirable behavior, that same strategy will work when we want to make another behavior change. But that’s not always the case. Sometimes, the system that got you to change one behavior might not work for another.H) Sometimes we become accustomed to relying on our guts when it comes to decisionmaking. This serves us well in certain situations, but can hinder us in others especially when we need to consider metrics and data, rather than letting our instinct override everything. For example, if you want to stop checking your email first thing in the morning, you might decide to substitute another activity in its place. But if you want to stop indulging in video games, simply deciding you will go for a run might not be as effective. You might need to introduce another reinforcement, such as meeting a friend and booking an exercise class together.I) The fourth one to avoid is not forgiving ourselves for slipping up. Of course, even the bestlaid plans fail sometimes. You might have stuck to your screen-free nighttime routine for five days, and then a big project landed on your desk and you found yourself in bed with your laptop before you went to sleep. Or you prepared meals on Sunday and stuck to eating healthy dinners at home, but by Friday you found yourself so exhausted and opted to order greasy takeout. Life happens and even if your behavior change is small, every single day can prove pretty inflexible, and at some point your luck may run out, even if just for a day. The perfectionist in you might be screaming to abandon your goals altogether, but try to see it in the bigger picture. Just because you might have temporarily strayed off course doesn’t mean you can’t start afresh the next day.J) The final one to avoid is discounting small progress. There’s a habit that many perfectionists tend to fall into when they try to establish a behavior change. They focus too much on the big goal and don’t take the time to celebrate the small progress they make in the process. Your brain responds to rewards. The basal ganglia, the brain region linked to our performance of habits, is most active at the beginning of a behavior, when the habit is cued, and at the end, when it’s rewarded. Say your goal is to run five miles three times a week, and this week you ran one mile on Monday, Wednesday, and Friday. Rather than focusing on how far you’ve gone toward your goal, think about how you can reward yourself for the progress you’ve made. It doesn’t have to be big or expensive; it can be something as simple as making your favorite fruit juice after your run. Whatever your reward, it has to be more than just the activity itself to get you going.K) Initiating a new behavior usually seems like the hardest part of the process of change. However, people often fail to adequately prepare for maintaining it. One of the reasons for this is because we mistakenly believe the strategies we used to initiate the change will be equally effective in helping us continue the change. But they won’t. Where changing a strongly deep-rooted habit requires changing our belief about that habit that penetrates deeply into our lives, continually manifesting that wisdom requires that we maintain a positive outlook. If our mood is low, the wisdom to behave differently seems to disappear and we go back to eating more and exercising less. The key, then, to maintaining new behaviors is to be happy! Which is why it’s so hard to maintain new behaviors.L) Remember, overcoming the behavioral inertia that prevents us from implementing new changes, like eating a healthy diet or exercising, can benefit us in the long run and can improve our physical and mental health. No one was born with habits. They were all learned, and can all, therefore, be unlearned. The question is: how badly do you really want to change?36. There is general consensus among experts that willpower alone cannot guarantee one’s success in changing and maintaining a habit.37. One need not abandon their goals completely just because they missed their target temporarily; they can start anew.38. Research shows it is quite another challenge to maintain a behavioral change after you have initiated it.39. It is wrong to assume the strategies we use to start a change of behavior will work equally well in helping maintain it.40. Sometimes, it may not be successful to simply substitute one activity with another to effect a change of habit; you may need extra reinforcement.41. One should introduce something new to replace an old habit instead of simply kicking it.42. Perfectionists focus too much on their big target and neglect celebrating the small gains they make in the process.43. It is of great benefit to us in the long term to conquer the inertia that stops us from making behavioral changes.44. The strategy that successfully changed one of your behaviors may not work for some other behavior of yours.45. Without a happy mood, it seems that our wisdom to adopt a different behavior vanishes.Section CDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.The “American Dream” promises that in the Land of Opportunity, any individual can climb the economic ladder and prosper through hard work and ambition alone. And yet, young Americans today are struggling to earn more than their parents did at the same age, and upward mobility in the US actually compares unfavourably to that of other industrialised nations.So why does the idea of the American Dream persist? A new study in the American Journal of Political Science identifies one factor that has been overlooked: the influence of reality TV.Reality shows have come to dominate US television over the past 20 years, notes Eunji Kim from Vanderbilt University. And the overwhelming majority of these have a “rags-toriches” storyline: they feature ordinary Americans who work hard to achieve great economic success. And while these programmes are regularly among the most-watched shows, news broadcasts—which paint a more realistic view of the economic hardship faced by millions of Americans—get a much smaller proportion of the viewership.Rags-to-riches stories are ubiquitous (无处不在的) on TV—but does watching these programmes actually convince people that economic mobility is easily attainable? To find out, Kim’s team had participants watch a 5-minute clip from a reality show with a rags-to-riches storyline. Control participants watched a clip from a reality show that didn’t have a rags-toriches story. After watching the shows, participants rated how much they agreed with four statements relating to the American Dream.The results showed that those who’d watched a rags-to-riches clip did indeed have a significantly greater belief in the American Dream. Interestingly, when participants were separated by party affiliation, this effect was significant among Republicans but not Democrats, suggesting that the kind of messages implicit in these TV shows may play into people’s existing socioeconomic beliefs.Kim also conducted a survey of 3,000 US residents. They also rated the extent to which they believed success in life is related to various internal factors (such as ambition) and external factors (such as family wealth). Finally, they read a list of TV programmes and indicated which they regularly watched.Participants who were heavy viewers of rags-to-riches programmes or frequent viewers had a stronger belief in the American Dream than those who never watched such shows.Kim concludes that “rags-to-riches entertainment media are an important cultural force that promotes and perpetuates beliefs in upward mobility”. And here’s the problem: if people mistakenly believe that hard work is all that is needed for individuals to make a better life for themselves, they may be less supportive of policies that could actually combat inequality.“In this era of choice, entertainment media are what captures hearts and minds,” Kim writes. “Its political consequences are anything but trivial”.46. What do we learn from the passage about young Americans of today?A) They have greater ambitions than their parents.B) They find it difficult to achieve upward mobility.C) They have overtaken their parents in terms of earnings.D) They envy the opportunities in other industrialised nations.47. What does Kim’s team find about reality TV shows in America?A) They reinterpret the essence of the popular rags-to-riches culture.B) They urge people to achieve economic success through hard work.C) They help strengthen people’s conviction in the American Dream.D) They feature ordinary Americans striving for social recognition.48. What does the author say about news broadcasts in America?A) They attract far fewer viewers than reality TV.B) They are bent on reporting the dark side of life.C) They stand in striking contrast with reality TV.D) They focus on Americans’ economic hardships.49. What can we infer from the passage about Republicans in general?A) They believe strongly in the American Dream.B) They strive to climb the socio-economic ladder.C) They have a very strong affiliation with their party.D) They tend to watch more rags-to-riches TV shows.50. What is stated about people who believe in upward mobility?A) They are likely to blame the government for their plight.B) They regard political consequences as anything but trivial.C) They respect individuals striving to climb the social ladder.D) They are less likely to approve of policies to fight inequalityPassage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.When someone asks us ‘what do you do?’ we nearly always reply with our occupation. Work, for many of us, is much more than a job. It is the defining aspect of our identity. For many of us it is through our job that we can define ourselves.“Without my job I don’t know who I am,” is a sentence that has been uttered on more than a handful of occasions from my office chair. Indeed, it can be one of the most challenging aspects I work on with clients who have lost or been forced into changing their jobs. This loss provokes an identity crisis much greater than the loss of the job itself.One of the things I have come to understand, however, is that our identity is much more complex than we recognise at first glance. If we take the time to reflect we might recognise that as well as our work we can also identify as a friend, a spouse, a son or daughter, a parent, a member of a sports team or religious community. We may recognise that we feel and act differently in these roles and relationships than we do at work. The passive daughter becomes an assertive leader at work. Furthermore, our identities at work are not static. They change over time.I myself have been a shop assistant, a waitress, a student, a graduate, and a clinical psychologist. At each stage my ability to adapt to and develop my career identity has been crucial to my wellbeing. Whilst we like to eliminate uncertainty in our lives at some level we have to manage uncertainty, especially in today’s volatile and ever-shifting job market.How we see ourselves is central to the issue of our identity. When we tell ourselves “I’m good at starting projects but not so great at seeing them through” it can become part of our belief system. But if you have the unfortunate experience of an enforced job change you will need to examine those beliefs to see how grounded in reality they are. You will be required to ask yourself how helpful these beliefs are and consider personal change. We can change our beliefs, behaviours and emotional experience at any time through experimentation, practice and conscious self-discipline. In an age where career progression may lead us into new sectors it is ever more important to challenge our sense of self and explore whether you can create a new experience of your identity by changing the beliefs you hold about yourself in order to expand your career options. Ultimately it is you who define who you are. You are only your job if you let it be so.51. What do we learn from the passage about one’s loss of a job?A) It compels them to visit a clinical psychologist.B) It offers them a chance to play different roles.C) It renders them puzzled about who they are.D) It forces them to redefine their life’s goals.52. What has the author come to understand about our identity?A) It is crucial to our emotional wellbeing.B) It plays a big role in many facets of life.C) It reflects our changing status in society.D) It is more complicated than it appears.53. What does the passage say about our identities at work?A) They are essential to our self-esteem.B) They evolve with the passage of time.C) They overrule all other self-perceptions.D) They are key to understanding ourselves.54. What do we have to do in today’s ever-changing job market?A) Strive to develop our social identity.B) Prepare for different career paths.C) Try to be assertive at all times.D) Learn to manage uncertainty.55. What should we do to expand our career options?A) Alter our perceptions of ourselves.B) Compare various job opportunities.C) Look into newly emerging sectors.D) Exercise self-discipline consciously.Part IV Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.中国盛产竹子，是最早开发利用竹资源的国家。

6月大学英语六级模预测试题及答案（2）Section BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 52 to 56 are based on the following passage.For about three centuries we have been doing science, trying science out, using science for the construction of what we call modern civilization. Every dispensable item of contemporary technology, from canal locks to dial telephones to penicillin, was pieced together from the analysis of data provided by one or another series of scientific experiments. Three hundred years seems a long time for testing a new approach to human inter-living, long enough to set back for critical appraisal of the scientific method, maybe even long enough to vote on whether to go on with it or not. There is an argument.Voices have been raised in protest since the beginning, rising in pitch and violence in the nineteenth century during the early stages of the industrial revolution, summoning urgent crowds into the streets on the issue of nuclear energy. "Give it back," say some of the voices, "It doesn't really work, we've tried it and it doesn't work. Go back three hundred years and start again on something else less chancy for the race of man."The principle discoveries in this century, taking all in all, are the glimpses of the depth of our ignorance of nature. Things that used to seem clear and rational, and matters of absolutecertainty-Newtonian mechanics, for example-have slipped through our fingers; and we are left with a new set of gigantic puzzles, cosmic uncertainties, and ambiguities. Some of the laws of physics are amended every few years; some are canceled outright; some undergo revised versions of legislative intent as if they were acts of Congress.Just thirty years ago we call it a biological revolution when the fantastic geometry of the DNA molecule was exposed to public view and the linear language of genetics was decoded. For a while, things seemed simple and clear: the cell was a neat little machine, a mechanical device ready for taking to pieces and reassembling, like a tiny watch. But just in the last few years it has become almost unbelievably complex, filled with strange parts whose functions are beyond today's imagining.It is not just that there is more to do, there is everything to do. What lies ahead, or what can lie ahead if the efforts in basic research are continued, is much more than the conquest of human disease or the improvement of agricultural technology or the cultivation of nutrients in the sea. As we learn more about fundamental processes of living things in general we will learn more about ourselves.52. What CANNOT be inferred from the first paragraph?[A] Scientific experiments in the past three hundred years have produced many valuable items.[B] For three hundred years there have been people holding a hostile attitude toward science.[C] Modern civilization depends on science so man supports scientific progress unanimously.[D] Some people think three hundred years is not long enough to set back for critical appraisal of scientific method.53. The principle discovery in this century shows ________.[A] man has overthrown Newton's laws of physics[B] man has solved a new set of gigantic puzzles[C] man has lost many scientific discoveries[D] man has given up some of the once accepted theories54. Now scientists have found in the past few years ________.[A] the exposure of DNA to the public is unnecessary[B] the tiny cell in DNA is a neat little machine[C] man knows nothing about DNA[D] man has much to learn about DNA55. The writer's main purpose in writing the passage is to say that ________.[A] science is just at its beginning[B] science has greatly improved man's life[C] science has made profound progress[D] science has done too little to human beings56. The writer's attitude towards science is ________.[A] critical [B] approving [C] neutral [D] regretfulPassage TwoQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.Here amid the steel and concrete canyons, green grass grows.A hawthorn tree(山楂树) stands in new soil, and freshly dug plants bend in the wind.But Chicago City Hall here seems an unlikely spot for a garden of any variety—especially 20,000 square feet of gardens—on its roof.As one of a handful of similar projects around the country, the garden is part of a $1.5 million demonstration projected by the city to reduce its "urban heat islands", said William Abolt, the commissioner of the Department of Environment.Heat islands-dark surfaces in the city, like rooftops-soak up heat. The retention can bake a building, making it stubborn to cooling.The roof of City Hall, a 90-year-old gray stone landmark on LaSalle Street in the heart of downtown, has been known to reach temperature substantially hotter than the actual temperature on the street below.The garden will provide greenery and shade. "And that," said the city officials, "will save the city dollars on those blistering summer days." The project savings from cooling is about $4,000 a year on a new roof whose life span is about 50 percent longer than that of a traditional roof.The sprawling open-air rooftop garden is being carefully built on a multi-tiered bed of special soil, polystyrene, egg-carton-shaped cones and "waterproof membrane" mall to keep the roof from leaking, or caving under the normal combined weight of soil, rain and plant life.The design calls for soil depths of 4 inches to 18 inches. When the last plants and seedlings are buried and the last bit of compost is laid, the garden will have circular brick stepping-stones winding up to hills."The primary focus of what we want to do was to establish this laboratory on the top of City Hall to get people involved and understanding their impact on the environment and how the little things can make an impact on the quality of life", Mr. Abolt said, adding that the plants also help to clear the air.Rooftop gardens, in places where concrete jungles have erased plants and trees, are not new, not even in Chicago. Arms of greenery dangling over terraces or sprouting from rooftops, common in Europe, are becoming more so in the United Statesas people become increasingly conscious about the environment.Richard M. Daley, who urged the environmental department to look into the project after noticing rooftop gardens in Hamburg, Germany a few years ago, has praised the garden as the first of its kind on a public building in the country.It will hold thousands of plants in more than 150 species-wild onion and butterfly weed, sky-blue aster and buffalo grass-to provide data on what species adapt best. Small plants requiring shallow soil depths were chiefly selected.57. The rooftop garden project ________.[A] is common and popular in the country[B] is a demonstration project and costs the city government1.5 million dollars[C] will make the ordinary cooling down of the city in summer unnecessary[D] aims at getting people involved and understanding their impact on the environment58. What can we learn about the City Hall?[A] It was built ninety years ago and is the most outstanding feature in the center of the city.[B] It is originally proper to build a garden on the top of the City Hall.[C] The temperature on its top is a little bit lower than that on the street below.[D] It is the first building in America to have a garden on it.59. Which of the following statements is TRUE?[A] Every year, Chicago spends about $ 4,000 on cooling the city.[B] The design of the garden on the City Hall specially takes into consideration the weight the roof can stand.[C] The Mayor urged the environmental department to look into rooftop gardens in Hamburg and build similar ones in America.[D] Heat islands mainly refer to those dark-colored rooftops which receive and retain heat and will not easily release the heat.60. Why should the rooftop garden be built on the top of City Hall other than on any other buildings?[A] Because the City Hall is large.[B] Because the mayor had urged the environmental department to do so.[C] Because it can make people understand their impact on environment better through a public building.[D] Because the experts just want to make the City Hall a convenient laboratory.61. The word "substantially" (Line 2, Para. 5) most likely means ________.[A] a little bit [B] in fact [C] materially [D] considerablyPart V Error Correction (15 minutes)Directions: This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether 10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. You may have to change a word, add a word or delete a word. Mark out the mistakes and put the corrections in the blanks provided. If you change a word, cross it out and write the correct word in the corresponding blank. If you add a word. put an insertion mark (∧) in the right place and write the missing word in the blank. If you delete a word, cross it out and put a slash (/) in the blank.Example:Television is rapidly becoming the literature of our periods. 1. time/times/periodMany of the arguments having used for the study of literature 2. ____/____as a school subject are valid for ∧ study of television. 3. ____the____Language learning begins with listening. Individualchildren vary greatly in the amount of listening they do after 62. ________they start speaking, and late starters are often long listeners.Most children will "obey" spoken instructions some timebefore they can speak, though the word obey is hardlyaccurate like a description of the eager and delighted 63. ________cooperation usually shown by the child. Before they canspeak, many children will ask questions in gesture and by 64. ________making questioning noises. Any attempt to trace thedevelopment from the noises babies make to their firstspoken words lead to considerable difficulties. It is agreed 65. ________they enjoy making noises, and that during the first 66. ________few months one or two noise sort themselves out as 67. ________particular indicative of delight, distress, sociability, and so 68. ________on. But since these can be said to show the baby's intention to 69. ________communicate, they can hardly be regarded as early forms of language. It is agreed, too, that from about three months theyplay with sounds for enjoyment, and that by six months they are able to add new sounds to their repertoire. Thisself-imitation leads on to deliberate imitation of soundsmaking or words spoken to them by other people. The 70. ________problem then arises as to the point which one can say that 71. ________these imitations can be considered as speech.Part VI Translation (5 minutes)Directions: Complete the following sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.72. It turned out that getting fired from that company ________________________ (对我来说是发生在我身上的最棒的事情).73. It is necessary that ________________________ (马上把他送到医院).74. Make a list each day of all that you are grateful for, ________________________ (这样你就能每天都注意到从别人那里得到了什么).75. His silence suggested that ________________________ (他赞成我的决定，并决定执行那个计划).76. Only with combined efforts, ________________________ (我们才能期望我们的国家有新的面貌).。

大学英语六级模拟题二及答案Part ⅠListening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Example:You will hear:M: When shall we start our work, Jane?W: Tomorrow at 9 o'clock. But we must work quickly, for we have to finish everything before 2 in the afternoon.Q: For how long can they work?You will read:A) 2 hours.B) 3 hours.C) 4 hours.D) 5 hours.From the conversation we know that the two are talking about some work they will start at 9 o'clock in the morning and have to finish at 2 in the afternoon. Therefore, D)"5 hours" is the correct answer. You should choose ［D］ on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the center.Sample Answer ［A］［B］［C］［D］1. A) The man can have his camera fixed here.B) The woman will probably fix the man's camera herself.C) The man will buy a new camera.D) The woman suggests that the camera should have been brought in earlier.2. A) Jack vacuumed the living room but not the bathroom.B) Jack cleaned the bathroom but not the living room.C) Jack cleaned neither the living room nor the bathroom because he is exhausted.D) Jack cleaned both the living room and the bathroom.3. A) At the dentist's.B) At a grocery.C) At a lawyer's.D) At a psychiatrist's.4. A) One student received a higher grade than he did.B) He will have to take a number of exams later.C) The test is more difficult than he expected.D) Several students in his class have received top grade.5. A) He failed to finish the experiment that day.B) He hasn't had time to do the experiment.C) He did only part of the experiment.D) The experiment turned out well.6. A) He does not know who Alice is.B) He has found a job as a messenger.C) He does not want to deliver the note.D) He does not know who Alice is.7. A) Call the TV station.B) Look for cats with the man.C) Meet the man at the cat exhibit.D) Watch the program on TV.8. A) Whether the woman needs his help.B) Whether the woman has any pets.C) Where the woman is going.D) Whether the woman can take care of his pet.9. A) The man hasn't caused a problem.B) The man should have returned the book earlier.C) She will probably won't do well on the coming Monday's test.D) The man should have been more thoughtful.10.A) The man is asking the woman for help.B) The man wants to get a new position.C) The woman is instructing the man how to write a letter application.D) The man has left the woman a good impression.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear one question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage One11. What is mainly talked about in the passage?A) How to distinguish people's faces.B) How to describe people's personality.C) How to distinguish people both inward and outward.D) How to differ good persons from bad persons.12.Why is the animal "pigeon" mentioned in the passage?A) To give an example that both human beings and animals can recognize faces.B) To tell how a skilled writer could describe all the features of different people.C) To indicate how pigeons and people look different.D) To show how faces are like fingers.13.What does the author of this passage most probably do?A) Physician. B) Psychologist.C) Fictional writer.D) Historian.14.According to the passage, how do people usually classifya person into certain type?A) His physical appearance and his action.B) His way of speaking and behaving.C) His learning and behaviour.D) His way of acting and thinking.Passage Two15. Why are divorces so common at present?A) Because it is difficult to maintain a marriage.B) Because people like watching TV programs.C) Because people prefer freedom to self-discipline.D) Because our society is permissive towards divorces.16.Which of the following cannot be sacrificed in a marriage?A) The freedom to have other sexual relations.B) The desire to follow every of one's impulse.C) The will to keep his or her own income.D) The wish to be his or her true self.17.How to maintain a good marriage?A)A man and a woman should follow every of their own impulse respectively.B)A good marriage takes some level of compromise betweenthe husband and the wife.C)A man and a woman should both have to endure dreadful self-sacrifice of the soul. D)A man and a woman should stop growing or changing.Passage Three18.Which of the following is the best title of the passage?A) Types of Loneliness. B) Causes of Loneliness.C) Solutions to Loneliness.D) Loneliness.19. Which type of loneliness is NOT mentioned in the passage?A) Severe loneliness.B) Situational loneliness.C) Chronic loneliness.D) Temporary loneliness.20.Why is a person's social contacts one important factor in loneliness?A) We need our friends to share similar interests and activities.B) We need our teachers to guide us.C) We need co-workers to help us.D) A lonely person's popularity may be increased with more social contacts.PartⅡReading Comprehension(35 minutes)Directions:There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C), and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:Many of the most damaging and life threatening types of weather torrential rains, severe thunderstorms, and tornadoes （龙卷风）- begin quickly, strike suddenly, and disappear rapidly, destroying small regions while leaving neighbouring areas untouched. Such event as a tornado struck the northeastern section of Edmonton, Alberta, in July 1987. Total damages from the tornado exceeded $250 million, the highest ever for any Canadian storm.Conventional computer models of the atmosphere have limited value in predicting short lived local storms like the Edmonton tornado, because the available weather data are generally not detailed enough to allow computers to study carefully the subtle（微妙的）atmospheric changes that come before these storms. In most nations, for example, weather-balloon observations are taken just once every twelve hours at locations typically separated by hundreds of miles. With such limited data, conventional forecasting models do a much better job predicting general weather conditions over large regions than they do forecasting specific local events.Until recently, the observation intensive approach needed for accurate, very short-range forecasts, or "Nowcasts," was not feasible. The cost of equipping and operating many thousands of conventional weather stations was extremely high, and the difficulties involved in rapidly collecting and processing the raw weather data from such a network were hard to overcome. Fortunately, scientific and technological advances have overcome most of these problems. Radar systems, automated weather instruments, and satellites are all capable of making detailed, nearly continuous observation over large regions at arelatively low cost. Communications satellites can transmit data around the world cheaply and instantaneously, and modern computers can quickly compile and analyze this large volume of weather information. Meteorologists（气象学者）and computer scientists now work together to design computer programs and video equipment capable of transforming raw weather data into words, symbols, and vivid graphic displays that forecasters can interpret easily and quickly. As meteorologists have begun using these new technologies in weather forecasting offices, Nowcasting is becoming a reality.21.The word "exceeded" in paragraph 1 most probably means ____.A) added up to B) were more thanC) were about D) were less than22.Conventional computer models of the atmosphere fails to predict such a short-lived tornado because____.A) the computer is not used to forecast specific local eventsB) the computers are not advanced enough to predict itC) the weather data people collect are often wrongD) weather conditions in some small regions are not available23.According to the passage, the word "Nowcast" (paragraph3) means ____.A) a way of collecting raw weather dataB) a forecast which can predict the weather conditions in the small area in an accurate wayC) a network to collect instant weather dataD) a more advanced system of weather observation24.According to the passage, ____ is the key factor to making "Nowcasts" a reality.A) scientific and technological advances such as radar, or satellitesB) computer scientistC) meteorologistsD) advanced computer programs25.According to the author, the passage mainly deals with ____.A) a tornado in Edmonton, AlbertaB) what's a "Nowcast"C) the disadvantage of conventional computer models of the weather forecastD) a breakthrough in weather forecastPassage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:Bringing up children is a hard work, and you are often to blame for any bad behavior of your children. If so, Judith Rich Harris has good news for you. Parents, she argues, have no important long-term effects on the development of the personality of their children. Far more important are their playground friends and neighborhood. Ms. Harris takes to hitting the assumption, which has dominated developmental psychology for almost half a century.Ms. Harris's attack on the developmentalists' "nature" argument looks likely to reinforce doubts that the profession was already having. If parents matter, why is it that two adopted children, reared in the same home, are no more similar in personality than two adopted children reared in separate homes? Or that a pair of identical twins, reared in the same home, are no more alike than a pair of identical twins reared in differenthomes?Difficult as it is to track the precise effects of parental upbringing, it may be harder to measure the exact influence of the peer（同龄人）group in childhood and adolescence. Ms. Harris points to how children from immigrant homes soon learn not to speak at school in the way their parents speak. But acquiring a language is surely a skill, rather than a characteristic of the sort developmental psychologists hunt for. Certainly it is different from growing up tensely or relaxed, or from learning to be honest or hard-working or generous. Easy though it may be to prove that parents have little impact on those qualities, it will be hard to prove that peers have vastly more.Moreover, mum and dad surely cannot be ditched completely. Young adults may, as Ms. Harris argues, be keen to appear like their peers. But even in those early years, parents have the power to open doors: they may initially choose the peers with whom their young associate, and pick that influential neighborhood. Moreover, most people suspect that they come to resemble their parents more in middle age, and that people's child bearing habits may be formed partly by what their parents did. So the balance of influences is probably complicated, as most parents already suspected without being able to demonstrate it scientifically. Even if it turns out that the genes they pass on and the friends their children play with matter as much as affection, discipline and good example, parents are not completely off the hook.26. According to Ms. Harris, ____.A) parents are to blame for any bad behavior of their childrenB) parents will affect greatly the children's life in the long runC) nature rather than nurture has a significant effect on children's personality developmentD) children's personality is shaped by their friends and neighbors27.Which of the following views is consistent with what the developmentalists hold?A) Children are more influenced by their peers than by their parents.B) Twins are quite different if they are reared in two separate families.C) Identical twins reared in the same home are different in personality.D) Nurture has a less significant effect on children's personality development.28.According to Para. 3, which of the following statements is TRUE?A) It is harder to track the precise effects of parental upbringing than the exact influence of the peer group in children.B) Immigrant children tend to discard the way their parents speak quickly when they go to school.C) It has been proved that peers have more impact on children's qualities such as to be honest or hard-working or generous.D) It is easier for children to acquire a language at school than at home.29.The word "ditched" ( Line 1,Para. 4) could best be replaced by ____.A) proved B) emphasizedC) compared D) ignored30. What is the author's main purpose?A) To highly praise Ms. Harris's work.B) To counter Ms. Harris's work.C) To objectively report on Ms. Harris's work.D) To critically comment on Ms. Harris's work.Passage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:Microsoft is no longer the world's biggest company by market capitalization. Three other U.S. companies have overtaken the software giant in terms of stock market value. The firm's value has gone down sharply by 41% so far this year, from nearly $600 billion to $358 billion. Much of the reason for the fall has been the uncertainty prompted by the on-going anti-trust case. It has been overtaken by General Electric, now worth $506 bn, Intel, worth $441 bn and Cisco Systems, $436 bn.Over the past year Microsoft shares have moved downwards from a high of $120 to $68 in early trading on 7 June. Meanwhile rival Cisco has seen its share price rise by $25 to more than $60 as the company has gained its role in providing the hardware for the Internet. And for most of the year it has been competing with computer chip maker Intel for the second place. Intel's Pentium chips are widely used in personal computers worldwide.The company that now holds the title of the world's biggest company is an industrial giant which makes everything from toasters to jet engines. GE has sales of $110 bn-nearly ten times that of Microsoft and 340,000 employees worldwide. It has seen its profits grow by 15% a year to $11 bn. GE Capital Services, its financial subsidiary, make up nearly half its sales. GE produces power generation systems, locomotive, medical imagingequipment and electrical appliances. It also owns the U.S. television network NBC and its financial news subsidiary, CNBC, and ironically, a joint venture with Microsoft to provide news on the Internet.Microsoft's shares now face a further period of uncertainty as the company's legal battle continues. It could also face difficulty in recruiting and retaining employees whose pay has been boosted by their share options. The Seattle based firm is likely to go to an appeals court on any rulings. It could suffer further losses from lawsuits brought by competitors, who would be able to claim triple（三倍）damages for any losses suffered. And with its energy and resources tied up in the lawsuits, the company may find it difficult to continue to innovate in the future, or move so aggressively to buy up competitors.31.Microsoft's shares are devalued drastically owing to ____.A) fierce competition from rivalsB) its involvement in a lawsuit（诉讼）C) the court rulingsD) the decrease in sales volume32.Cisco Systems' share price has risen considerably ____.A) after it has overtaken part of Microsoft's sharesB) after it has beaten Intel and risen to the second placeC) since it has gained a firm footing in the marketD) because it is developing jointly with Microsoft33.Which is now the second biggest company in the United States?A) General Electric. B) Intel.C) Cisco Systems.D) GE Capital Services.34.Which of the following companies is owned by GeneralElectric and Microsoft together?A) GE Capital Services.B) NBC.C) CNBC.D) MSNBC.35.Why is it difficult for Microsoft to retain employees?A)Because it faces an uncertain future.B)Because it will have problem innovating itself.C)Because it will have problem paying them.D)Because it may be bought up by its competitors one day.Passage FourQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:Paradise Lost is Milton's masterpiece. Its story is taken from the Bible, about "the fall of man", that is, how Adam and Eve are tempted by Satan to disobey God by eating the forbidden fruit from the Tree of Knowledge, and how they are punished by God and driven out of Paradise. In Milton's words, the purpose of writing the epic is to "justify the ways of God to men", but apparently,Milton is uttering his intense hatred of cruelness of the ruler in the poem. By depicting Satan and his followers as well as their fiery utterance and brave actions, Milton is showing a Puritan's （清教徒的）revolt against the dictator and against the established Catholics and the Anglican Church.In the poem God is no better than a cruel and selfish ruler, seated on a throne with a group of angels about him singing songs to praise him. His long speeches are not pleasing at all. He is cruel and unjust in punishing Satan. His angels are stupid. But Satan is by far the most striking character in the poem, who rises against God and, though defeated, still persists in his fighting.Adam and Eve shows Milton's belief in the power of man. God denies them a chance to pursue for knowledge. It is thislonging for knowledge that opens before mankind a wide road to intelligent and active life. It has been noted by many critics that Milton's revolutionary feelings makes him forget religious doctrines（教条）. The angels who surround the God never think of expressing any opinions of their own, and they never seem to have any opinions of their own. The image of God surrounded by such angels resembles the court of an absolute monarch（君主）. But Satan and his followers, who freely discuss all issues in council, remind us of a Republican Parliament.36.This passage is most probably ____.A) a review of Milton's Paradise LostB) an introduction of what Paradise Lost is aboutC) a depiction of the cruelness of the British rulerD) part of an introduction to English literature37.According to the passage, Milton ____.A) describes Satan as a PuritanB) doesn't believe in GodC) is satisfied with the British rulerD) calls on people to fight against the dictator38.In the poem, Satan is described as ____.A) an evil personB) contrary to what is depicted in the BibleC) selfish and cruel devilD) a stupid ghost39.Which of the following can NOT be inferred from this passage?A) If Adam and Eve had not eaten the forbidden fruit, human being would be ignorant until now.B) God acts like a dictator.C) Satan and his followers are parliament members in thepoem.D) The angels are depicted as stupid in the poem.40.According to this passage, Paradise Lost is written for the purpose of ____.A) praising God for the creation of the worldB) criticizing the cruelness of British rulerC) changing people's unfavourable impression of SatanD) expressing his support for the fight of SatanPart ⅢVocabulary (20 minutes)Directions:There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C), and D). Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.41.It is common knowledge that soldiers have to endure the ____ during a war.A) relaxation B) reliabilityC) reluctanceD) inconvenience42. They ____ those who didn't conform to their ideas, and made advantage of those who agreed with them.A) exploredB) persecutedC) extendedD) pinched43.In an attempt to duplicate the painting style of the late 1800's, amateur photographer Julia Margaret Cameron ____ blurred her images to achieve a softer line.A) occasionallyB) deliberatelyC) abnormallyD) timidly44.To my great surprise, the sweater I bought last week ____a great deal after it was washed in hot water.A) shrankB) decreasedC) lessenedD) reduced45.Among the deaf and dumb ____ may be carried on by means of the finger alphabet.A) communicationB) calculationC) transportationD) vision46.The meeting was ____ over by the mayor to discuss the tax raise in the city.A) presumedB) propelledC) presidedD) pricked47.____ of accusing his neighbor of dishonesty, the man hoped that he could avoid blame by apologizing.A) SureB) GuiltyC) JustifiedD) Pitiful48.The author of the report is well ____ with the problems in the hospital because he has been working there for many years.A) informedB) acquaintedC) enlightenedD) advertised49.At post offices one buys stamps, leaves ____ letters, sends parcels or money orders, etc.A) registeredB) rejectedC) regulatedD) reflected50.In this workshop they ____ a vehicle in less than half an hour.A) ejectB) fabricateC) assembleD) resemble51.No matter how little money we have, we should get into the habit of ____some in the bank regularly.A) layingB) withdrawingC) puttingD) depositing52.The lovely picture ____ me of my happy childhood.A) retainedB) refreshedC) recollectedD) reminded53.I couldn't finish my paper because the computer ____.A) took downB) broke downC) tore downD) fell down54.During the next few weeks the scientists will be discussing the problem of how to ____ and control earthquakes.A) foretellB) foreseeC) forecastD) forenotice55. You can't smoke here; it's ____.A) preventedB) ceasedC) prohibitedD) stopped56.It is useless to attempt to ____ from every danger: some risks must be taken.A) fleeB) hideC) hesitateD) run57.The newly-formed United States took as its emblem a bald eagle with ____ wings.A) gracefulB) colorfulC) grandD) outspread58.From the cheers and shouts of ____, I guessed that she was winning the race.A) stimulusB) hearteningC) encouragementD) urging59.Only guests of the hotel enjoy the ____ of using the private beach.A) privilegeB) possibilityC) favorD) advantage60.Mary usually does things with little care, she is ____.A) rareB) cautiousC) recklessD) rapt61. Heavy fog made the morning light ____.A) brightB) distortedC) dimD) filthy62.The travel industry playsa major role in the ____ of business, recreation, and family life.A) sphereB) scalesC) surplusD) surveys63.He was dismissed for failing to ____ with the school regulations.A) accommodateB) complyC) competeD) apply64.Some science students reach a high ____of English competence in communication.A) levelB) planeC) surfaceD) live65.Everyone should be ____ innocent until it is proved that he is guilty.A) presumedB) assumedC) resumedD) consumed66.The sick person has taken a ____ for the better.A) coverB) recoverC) changeD) turn67.Unfortunately he couldn't ____ for the loss.A) explainB) callC) accountD) take68.Most science-fiction writers seek to persuade readers that the world they have created is ____ and is derived from scientific principles.A) possibleB) impossibleC) certainlyD) unlikely69.A guided missile consists basically of a warhead attachedto a tube like body. A rocket or a jet engine may ____ the missile.A) powerB) pullC) compelD) expel70.In judging his behavior, I hope that he committee will ____ his stage performance into account.A) putB) letC) takeD) makePart ⅣShort Answer Questions (15 minutes)Directions: In this part there is a short passage with five questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the fewest possible words (not exceeding 10 words).The communications explosion is on the scale of the rail, automobile or telephone revolution. Very soon you'll be able to record your entire life electronically-anything a microphone or a camera can sense you'll be able to store. In particular, the number of images a person captures in a lifetime is set to rise exponentially. The thousand images a year I take of my children on a digital camera are all precious to me. In a generation's time, my children's children will have total image documentation of their entire lives - a visual log of tremendous personal value. By then we'll be wrestling with another question: how we control all the electronic devices connected to the Internet: trillions of PCs, laptops, palm pilots, cell phones and other gadgets. In Cambridge, we're already working on millimeter-square computing and sensing devices that can be linked to the Internet through the radio network. This sort of connectivity will expand dramatically as microscopic communications devices becomedirt-cheap and multiple. Just imagine what the paint on the wall could do if it had this sort of communications dust in it: change colour, play music, show movies or even speak to you.Falling costs raise other possibilities too. Because launching space vehicles is about to become very much cheaper, the number of satellites is likely to go up exponentially. There's lots of space up there so we could have millions of them. And if you have millions of low-orbit satellites you can establish a global co mmunications network that completely does away with towers and masts. If the satellites worked on the cellular principle so you got spatial reuse of frequencies, system capacity would be amazing.71.How do you characterize the future development of communications?72.What does the word "images" most probably refer to?73.What's the tone of this passage?74.What will be the price of communications devices like?75.What will happen to the current towers and masts of future global communications network?Part ⅤWriting (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic:"What Do You Think of Challenge?".You should write at least 150 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:1.挑战的意义2.如何迎接挑战3.我的看法答案听力原文Section A1.M:I have this camera here that I bought about 12 months ago. But it suddenly doesn't work.W:Let me have a look at your sales slip, I am sorry, sir. Your warranty's expired.Q:What does the woman mean?2.W:Jack,it doesn't look like you've vacuumed the living room or cleaned the bathroom.M:No,I haven't.Ugh.I had the worst day.I am so tired.Q:What can we learn from the conversation?3.W:Come along, now. Open your mouth. I can't give you the injection with your mouth closed, can I?M:I I I don't want an injection. I hate needles.Q:Where is the conversation most probably taking place?4.W:I heard you were the only one who has got an A on the physics test?M:No. Quite a few of my classmates have. I don't think the test is difficult.Q:What does the man imply?5.W: Have you finished the assignment given by Professor Smith? I don't think you have much difficulty doing that experiment?M: No, but I didn't expect it would take me most of the day.Q: What does the man mean?6.W: Could you give this note to Alice?M: Give this to Alice? What do you think I am? A messenger?Q: What does the man imply?7.M: Hey, there will be a program on Channel 4 at eight you might like. It's about cat.。

谢忠明大学英语六级考试预测试卷（试卷二）解析试卷一解析NOTESPart I Tapescript of Listening ComprehensionSection A1. W: There is a direct flight at 10 o’clock or a flight at 2 this afternoon that stops over in San Francisco.W: I think I’d rather have the earlier one so I can go to work tomorrow.Q: What relationship do these people have?2. W: Robert worked as a secretary for three years. Then he became a newspaperman. After that he started writing novels.M: I know. And he has been doing nothing else ever since.Q: What is the man’s occupation now?3. M: What a lot of traffic! We shouldn’t have driven down the main street, not when it’s so crowded.W: Well, I told you, dear, didn’t I? I said the roads would be very busy, especially on Saturday.Q: Where did the conversation take place?4. M: Louis, do you want me to try to fix that broken camera of yours?W: Thanks, but I already had it taken care of.Q: What happened to the camera?5. M: When can I make the earliest appointment with Dr. Johnson?W: Dr. Johnson has appointments on Monday and Tuesday mornings, Thursday and Friday afternoons, and he has a conference the whole day Wednesday.Q: When can the man meet Dr. Johnson the earliest?6. M: Have you made up your mind?W: Yes, I’ll give up biology and switch to archeology, where my interest lies.Q: What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers?7. M: I’ve just recovered from a severe stroke. Would you kindly turn your TV down a bit ?W: Sorr y. I didn’t know that.Q: What will the woman do?8. W: I’m exhausted. I stayed up the whole night studying for my history midterm exam.M: Why do you always wait till the last minute?Q: What can be inferred about the woman?9. W: Why do we have to finis h this proposal tonight? It’s already six p.m. Can’t we complete it tomorrow?M: It has to go to the post office before twelve tonight. We must make sure that all the figures are correct.Q: How many hours at most do they have to finish the proposal?10.M: People first sent signals by flags, some archaeologists observed.W: No. I think they exchanged news by smoke, hence the torch towers on the Great Wall.Q: What are they discussing?Section B Spot DictationTo be successful in a job interview, you should demonstrate certain personal and professional qualities. You need to create a good image in the limited time available, usually from 30 to 45 minutes. You must make a positive impression which the interviewer will remember while he interviews other candidates.The following are some qualities you should especially pay attention to during an interview. First of all, you should take care to appear to be properly dressed. The right clothes worn at the right time can win respect of the interviewer and his confidence in your judgement. It may not be true that clothes make a man. But the first and often last impression of you is determined by the clothes you wear. Secondly, you should pay close attention to your manner of speaking, since speech is a reflection of personality. You should reflect confidence by speaking in a clear voice, loud enough to be heard, without being aggressive or overpowering. You should be prepared to talk knowledgeably about the requirements of the position you are applying for. Finally, to be really impressive you must convey a sense of self confidence and enthusiasm for work. If you display these characteristics, with just a little luck, you’ll certainly succe`ed in the typical personal interview.Part II Reading Comprehension11. 细节题。

６级考前冲刺试题二Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Social Network Sites. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below.1. 当今社会，社交网站很流行2. 各人对此看法不同3. 我的看法Social Network Sites________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the fourchoices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with theinformation given in the passage.Dogs Make Employees More Productive At WorkLeib Lurie never intended for his company, message delivery service One Call Now, to be pet-friendly. But his dog, Ivy, had other ideas.Five years ago, the German shepherd showed up unannounced at One Call Now‟s Troy, Ohio-based office—a 1.5-mile trek from Lurie‟s home. When he continued to make the trip each day he wasn‟t brought to the office, Lurie realized it was time for a change i n company policy. Today, four or five employee‟s dogs, as well as a variety of fish, birds, and other caged animals join Ivy in the office daily to make One Call Now a workingman‟s menagerie (动物园).“They‟re not very good at sending voice messages,” Lurie jokes of the pets in his office. “But we‟ve gotten them down with using the computer, at least the point part.”One Call Now joins a growing force of companies across the United States to welcome pets in the workplace. While only 17 percent of U.S. employers currently allow animals in the workplace, according to a survey from the American Pet Products Manufacturers Association, pet-friendly, often specifically dog-friendly, environments are building steam. From major companies like Google, Zynga, and to growing start-ups, more and more canine companions are showing up to work.For many entrepreneurs, the inception of a dog-friendly environment begins long before offices enter the picture. “My dog, Blueberry, was the founding dog,” explains Randy H etrik, founder of TRX Training. “Literally, it was him and me before any other people came in, so he takes great pride in what we‟ve accomplished.” As Hetrik built his company, he never forgot his first partner. Today, up to ten dogs wander with Blueberry through the four floors of TRX‟s San Francisco office.Many pet-friendly work environments develop as a part of the company‟s larger mission or company culture. After spending years in uptight corporate climates, Nancy Squires founded her own consulting firm, The Squires Group, with a distinctly homey atmosphere, which included her two Italian greyhounds.Marketing software company G5‟s dog-friendliness fits into the animal-friendly climate of their mountain town Bend, Oregon, as well as the company‟s own cultural backbone. “We try to have aculture that promotes freedom for the employees and helps them thrive,” says G5 CEO Dan Hobin. “If that involves bringing your dog to work, bring your dog to work.”Having dogs underfoot might seem to some like a distraction, but advocates of animals in the workplace see quite the opposite. Dogs in the office foster friendlier, more collaborative work environments. At G5, this includes dogs posing as mascots for the company‟s various divisions. “Everyone rallies around the dogs,” Hobin says.Employees surrounded by dogs also have a tendency to rally around their jobs. According to a survey of 50 small and large companies by the American Pet Products Manufacturers Association in 2008, companies that allow pets in the workplace see a lower rate of employee absenteeism (旷工) and more willingness to work longer hours.“There are a lot of people who know they have to spend extra hours at work, particularly in this economic climate,” says Debrah Schnackenberg, vice president of emergency services for the American Humane Association. “People feel comfortable spending that extra hour or two at the office when they know their dog is right there with them.”Dog-friendliness may generate more loyalty for the company as a whole. In the last two years, One Call Now has seen a two or three percent turnover rate. Lurie attributes this small number in part to the office pets. “You ask someone who is in a $12-an-hour job, …Would you work anywhere else?‟ And they say, …No way.‟ Where else could I bring my dog to work?” he says.This sense of loyalty stems from a simple concept: Dogs make people happy. “They‟re always happy to see you, they‟re happy for the smallest things, and they‟re ever optimistic,” says Hetrik. “Having a dog wandering around just seems to make people smile.”In high-performance or high-stress work environments, dogs can not only spread smiles but also ease tension. Taking a walk, practicing a trick, or even absentmindedly scratching a dog behind the ear allows even the most worked-up employee to relax and reprioritize. “It‟s their cigarette,” says Squires. “The dogs are a sense of peace, gentleness, a diversion, something other than what we define as work.I think it‟s a great break.”And, a dog break is certainly healthier than a smoke break. Numerous studies have shown that having the companionship or even being in the presences of a pet, for instance in the workplace, lowers blood pressure and cortisol levels while heightening endorphins and oxytocin, the hormone linke d to maternal bonding. Such an emotional connection is healthy for your dog as well. “Dogs bond to their humans and would rather be with them than not,” says Schnackenberg. “From an emotional well-being perspective, it‟s healthy for a dog to be with their owner throughout the day.”With their many attributes and benefits, dogs play a critical role in pet-friendly company‟s hiring processes. All of the aforementioned companies and many more like them use their dogs in theinterview process to introduce potential employees to the corporate climate. Their reactions to the animals also serve as a compatibility test. “I‟ve never met a dog-friendly person who wasn‟t a customer-friendly person,” says Lurie. “And we hire customer-friendly people.”The dog un-friendly or the allergenic, however, need not apply.“You try to build a company of people who can rally around a vision, and dogs play a part of that,” Hetrik says. “People who look at that and say how stinky or hairy or whatever probably aren‟t people that are going to mold well into the casual, rough and tumble, work hard, play hard work environment that I‟ve created.”The Squires Group maintains a similar mantra (口号). “If people don‟t do dogs, there may be another part of the company they don‟t do,” Squires says. “I‟m not saying they‟re bad people or that they wouldn‟t be great for other companies, but they wouldn‟t fit our company greatly.”Companies considering introducing a dog-friendly work environment should consider adopting a pet policy. When advising companies in this transition, the American Human Association suggests highlighting clear rules about when you can bring your dog in, what behavior is expected, and what happens when the pet or person does not conform to those rules.Many small companies adopt these advised policies, but govern their pets in a more ad hoc (非正式的) manner. After a few minor “accidents,” G5‟s HR Department developed a detailed pet policy to include in the company handbook. “I don‟t think I actually ever re ad it,” admits Hobin. “In short, though, the policy is to be responsible and respectful.”At TRX, dogs are under the same considerations as people. “You wouldn‟t tolerate a lot of barking, snapping and snarling from the people you work with,” Hetrik says. “Neither should you tolerate it from the canine pals they bring to work. We‟re pretty clear on all that.” Growing companies should also be flexible to changing the stipulations in their policy as they develop.Adjustments to the TRX pet policy are under consideration as the company intends to expand its workforce from 120 to 300 employees. The company may introduce a sign-up, limiting the total number of dogs to the current two to three per floor. No matter the changes, though, dogs will remain a fixture in the company.“Dogs were part of the fabric from the very beginning,” says Hetrik. “And they‟ll be here until the very end. I like having these pups around.”1. Leib Lurie realized he should change the company to be pet-friendly when _______.A) employees brought their pets to the officeB) his pet dog showed up in the office dailyC) he found dogs make employees more productiveD) his company moved to the office in the suburban2. What do we learn from the study by the American Pet Products Manufacturers Association?A) Living environments for pet dogs have improved.B) Small companies tend to adopt dog-friendly policy.C) More businesses welcome pets in the workplace.D) Employees show a growing interest in raising pets.3. According to G5 CEO Dan Hobin, employees can bring their dogs to work as long as _______.A) they thrive with their dogs‟ company C) their dogs are friendly to customersB) they can keep the dogs from barking D) the office is located at a mountain town4. According to advocates of animals in the workplaces, dogs in the office _______.A) can attract employees‟ attention sometimesB) won‟t distract employees from their workC) force inefficient employees to work harderD) seldom pose a threat to other employees5. To some degree, the low turnover rate of One Call Now was attributed to _______.A) the relatively high pay C) its excellent conditionsB) the economic recession D) its pet-friendly policy6. What does Schnackenberg say about dogs‟ being with their owners throughout the d ay?A) It does great harm to their owners‟ health.B) It benefits dogs more than their owners.C) It is unrealistic in this economic climate.D) It is good for dogs‟ emotional well-being.7. Lurie believes that a dog-friendly person _______.A) is less likely to work efficiently C) is welcome in all companiesB) is a customer-friendly person D) is usually disloyal to the company8. According to Squires, people who don‟t like dogs are not ______________________________ for her company The Squires Group.9. The American Human Association advises companies to make and highlight ______________________________ in their transition to dog-friendly companies.10. TRX is considering ______________________________ its pet policy as it intends to increase thenumber of its employees.Part III Listening Comprehension(35 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both theconversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be apause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), anddecide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2with a single line through the centre.11. A) The results of her finals are ironic.B) The man should have attended the lectures.C) The result of the final is unbelievable, too.D) The man should not have chosen urban planning.12. A) She wanted to please the man.B) She bought the ticket on impulse.C) She wanted to invite her professor to the concert.D) She meant to ignore the appointment with her professor.13. A) He declined the bookstore job once.B) He really wants to work in the bookstore.C) He didn‟t know where the bookstore was.D) He wasn‟t offered the job in the bookstore.14. A) The tailor‟s. C) The theatre.B) A dress-up party. D) A shopping mall.15. A) Her mom has approved without hesitation, while her dad hasn‟t.B) Her dad has approved of it, and her mom will probably do the same.C) Her dad still needs time to think, while her mom has already agreed.D) Her dad needs tim e to think, while her mom definitely won‟t consider it.16. A) He couldn‟t make time for it. C) He was not in the mood for it.B) He had probably caught the flu. D) He went floating with some other students.17. A) She feels very hot in the room. C) She wants to avoid meeting people.B) She doesn‟t like the smell inside.D) She wants to smoke a cigarette there.18. A) He dislikes this job, so he will quit soon.B) He likes the job, if not for those working hours.C) He‟s not decided, but he knows he shouldn‟t quit.D) He wants to change his job for all he likes about it.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) The climate there is too cold. C) He has visited it twice before.B) The air-fare is quite expensive. D) He does not have the passport.20. A) He has just reconditioned his house. C) He has just come back from abroad.B) His old car has just been repaired. D) He doesn‟t have long enough time.21. A) He hasn‟t been th ere before. C) His friend will accommodate him.B) He can meet his girlfriend there. D) He can find a temporary job there.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.22. A) Frank. C) Indirect.B) Modest. D) Confident.23. A) Money is important.B) Responsibility means more than salary.C) High salary secures better performance.D) Future income is more important than starting salary.24. A) “Can do” spirit.C) Honesty and responsibility.B) Motivation and teamwork. D) Hard-working and cooperation.25. A) Tolerance. C) Clearer wording.B) Civilization. D) Communication.Section BDirections:In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and questions will be spoken only once. Afteryou hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices markedA), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2with asingle line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. A) A little girl. B) A little boy. C) A secretary. D) A dog.27. A) The medical treatment in Sweden. C) The daily life of the Swedes.B) Keeping a dog in Sweden. D) Social welfare in Sweden.28. A) Dog owners in Sweden needn‟t to pay any taxes on their pets.B) Dog owners in Sweden are greatly subsidized by government.C) Dog owners in Sweden must pay for any damage their dog does.D) Two thirds of people in Sweden keep pets.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.29. A) One that is already extinct in some parts of the world.B) One that is extremely dangerous to humans.C) One that will naturally die out in its natural surroundings.D) One that is confronted with extinction in its living environment.30. A) Polluted water. B) Decreasing fish. C) Climate change. D) Over-hunting.31. A) About 15%. B) About 20%. C) About 25%. D) About 30%.Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.32. A) The unequal distribution of housework between men and women.B) The change of women‟s attitude towards housew ork.C) The influence of men sharing the housework in American families.D) The change of the time spent on housework in American families.33. A) Marriage gives men more freedom.B) Marriage has effects on job choices.C) Men shares more housework nowadays than before.D) Having children means doubled housework.34. A) About 12 hours. B) About 13 hours. C) About 17 hours. D) About 21 hours.35. A) Unmarried men. C) Younger married men.B) Older married men. D) Married men with children.Section CDirections:In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for thesecond time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exactwords you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill inthe missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you havejust heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage isread for the third time, you should check what you have written.Why do so many people live to a healthy old age in certain parts of the world? What is the (36) _________ of their long lives? Three things seem to (37) _________ to it: fresh air, fresh food and a simple way of life. People work near their homes in the clean, mountain air instead of travelling long (38) _________ to work by bus, car or train. They do not sit all day in (39) _________ offices or factories, but work hard outdoors in the fields. They take more exercise and eat less food than peopledoctors. There was no crime, no (40) _________ and not much illness in their society. They were a happy, peaceful people, famous all over India for their long, healthy lives.Although many people are keen on (41) _________ out ways to live a longer life, there are people worrying about their (42) _________ years. Once a retired doctor I (43) _________ shared with me his worries: It‟s only natural to look forward to something better. (44) ___________________________________________________________________. It is one of life‟s great ironies that the longer we live, the less there is to look forward to Retirement may bring with it the fulfillment of a lifetime‟s dreams. (45) ___________________________________________________________________. From then on, the dream fades. (46) ___________________________________________________________________. Who wants to live long enough to become a doddering wreck? Who wants to go back to that most dreadful of all human conditions, a second childhood?Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewestpossible words. Please write your answers on Answer Sheet 2.Questions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage.According to new research simple words such as …be‟, …that‟, …will‟, …him‟, …and‟ and even …a‟ could hold the key to a successful marriage. Experts say the style in which couples talk and how they use common words can predict whether a relationship will be successful or not.It is already well known that people are attracted to potential partners who resemble themselves in personality, values and physical appearance. However, experts now claim these features only skim the surface of what makes a relationship work. The ways that people talk are also important according to the study which found that people who speak in a similar style are more compatible. The U.S. study focu sed on what it dubbed …function words‟.These are not nouns or verbs, but everyday words such as a, be, anything, that, will, him and even and. Study co-author Professor James Pennebaker, of Texas University, said how we use these words constitutes our writing and speaking style and couples who use them in the same way have better andlonger-lasting partnerships.Researchers examined whether the speaking and writing styles couples adopt during conversation with each other predict future dating behaviour and the long-term strength of relationships. They conducted two experiments in which a computer programme compared partners‟ language styles.In the first study, pairs of college students had four-minute speed dates while their conversations were recorded. Almost every pair covered the same topics, such as their study subject, where they were from and if they liked college. Prof Pennebaker said: “Every conversation sounded more or less the same to the naked ear, but text analysis revealed obvious differences in language synchrony (同步). The pairs whose language style matching scores were above average were almost four times as likely to want futur e contact as pairs whose speaking styles were out of sync.”A second study revealed the same pattern in everyday online chats between dating couples over the course of 10 days. Almost 80 percent of the couples whose writing style matched were still dating three months later, compared with approximately 54 percent of the couples who did not match as well.Prof Pennebake r said: “What people are saying to each other is important, but how they are saying it may be even more telling. But what‟s wonderful about this is we don‟t really make that decision — it just comes out of our mouths. People are not consciously synchronizi ng their speech.”47. New research revealed that the success of a relationship could be _____________________through the way couples used common words.48. Experts now claim that similar _____________________ are not enough in a successfulrelationship.49. According to Professor James Pennebaker, relationships of couples using function words in thesame way tend to be _____________________.50. In the first study, pairs of college students whose languages style matched are more likely to_____________________.51. Prof Pennebaker suggested that _____________________ may have a greater effect on theirrelationships.Section BDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 52 to 56 are based on the following passage.We tend to think of the decades immediately following World War II as a time of prosperity and growth, with soldiers returning home by the millions, going off to college on the G.I. Bill and lining up at the marriage bureaus.But when it came to their houses, it was a time of common sense and a belief that less truly could be more. During the Depression and the war, Americans had learned to live with less, and that restraint, in combination with the postwar confidence in the future, made small, efficient housing positively stylish.Economic condition was only one stimulus for the trend toward efficient living. The phrase “less is more” was actually first popularized by a German, the architect Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, who like other people associated with the Bauhaus, a school of design, emigrated to the United States before World War II and took up posts at American architecture schools. These designers, including Walter Gropius and Marcel Breuer, came to exert enormous influence on the course of American architecture, but none more so than Mies.Mies‟s signature phrase means that less decoration, properly deployed, has more impact than a lot. Elegance, he believed, did not derive from abundance. Like other modern architects, he employed metal, glass and laminated wood (胶合板)—materials that we take for granted today but that in the 1940s symbolized the future. Mies‟s sophisticated presentation masked the fact that the spaces he designed were small and efficient, rather than big and often empty.The apartments in the elegant towers Mies built on Chicago‟s Lake Shore Drive, for example, were smaller—two-bedroom units under 1,000 square feet—than those in their older neighbors along the city‟s Gold Coast. But they were popular because of their airy glass walls, the v iews they afforded and the elegance of the buildings‟ details and proportions, the architectural equivalent of the abstract art so popular at the time.The trend toward “less” was not entirely foreign. In the 1930s Frank Lloyd Wright started building more modest and efficient houses—usually around 1,200 square feet—than the sprawling two-story ones he had designed in the 1890s and the early 20th century.The “Case Study Houses” commissioned from talented modern architects by California Arts & Architecture m agazine between 1945 and 1962 were yet another homegrown influence on the “less is more” trend. Aesthetic effect came from the landscape, new materials and forthright detailing. In hisCase Study House, Ralph Rapson may have mispredicted just how the mechanical revolution would impact everyday life—few American families acquired helicopters, though most eventually got clothes dryers—but his belief that self-sufficiency was both desirable and inevitable was widely shared.52. The postwar American housing st yle largely reflected the Americans‟.A) efficiency and practicality C) restraint and confidenceB) prosperity and growth D) pride and faithfulness53. What can be inferred about Bauhaus from the third paragraph?A) It was founded by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe.B) It had a great influence upon American architecture.C) Its designing concept was affected by World War II.D) Most American architects used to be associated with it.54. According to Mies, elegance of architectural design .A) was related to large space C) was identified with emptinessB) was not associated with efficiency D) was not reliant on abundant decoration55. According to the passage, the apartments Mies built on Chicago‟s Lake Shore Drive .A) ignored details and proportionsB) were built with materials popular at that timeC) were more spacious than neighboring buildingsD) shared some characteristics of abstract art56. What do we learn about the design of the “Case Study House”?A) Natural scenes were taken into consideration.B) Mechanical devices were widely used.C) Details were sacrificed for the overall effect.D) Eco-friendly materials were employed.Passage TwoQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.Will the European Union make it? The question would have sounded strange not long ago. Now even the project‟s greatest cheerleaders talk of a continent facing a “Bermuda triangle” of debt,demographic decline and lower growth.As well as those chronic problems, the EU faces an acute crisis in its economic core, the 16 countries that use the single currency. Markets have lost faith that the euro zone‟s economies, weaker or stronger, will one day converge thanks to the discipline of sharing a single currency, which denies uncompetitive members the quick fix of devaluation.Yet the debate about how to save Europe‟s single currency from disintegration is stuck. It is stuck because the euro zone‟s dominant powers, France and Germany, agree on the need for greater harmonisation within the euro zone, but disagree about what to harmonise.Germany thinks the euro must be saved by stricter rules on borrowing, spending and competitiveness, backed by quasi-automatic (半自动的) sanctions for governments that stray. These might include threats to freeze EU funds for poorer regions and EU mega-projects, and even the suspension of a country‟s voting rights in EU ministerial councils. It insists that economic co-ordination should involve all 27 members of the EU club, among whom there is a small majority for free-market liberalism and economic rigour; in the inner core alone, Germany fears, a small majority favour French interference.A “southern” camp headed by France wants something different: “European economic government” within an inner core of euro-zone members. Translated, that means politicians intervening in monetary policy and a system of redistribution from richer to poorer members, via cheaper borrowing for governments through common Eurobonds or complete fiscal transfers. Finally, figures close to the French government have murmured, euro-zone members should agree to some fiscal and social harmonisation: e.g., curbing competition in corporate-tax rates or labour costs.It is too soon to write off the EU. It remains the world‟s largest trading block. At its best, the European project is remarkably liberal: built around a single market of 27 rich and poor countries, its internal borders are far more open to goods, capital and labour than any comparable trading area. It is an ambitious attempt to blunt the sharpest edges of globalisation, and make capitalism kind and gentle.The problem is that the “European social model” has become, too often, a synonym (同义词) for a very expensive way of doing things. It has also become an end in itself, with some EU leaders calling for Europe to grow purely in order to maintain its social-welfare systems. That is a pretty depressing call to arms: become more dynamic so Europe can still afford old-age pensions and unemployment benefits.57. The EU is faced with so many problems that .A) it has more or less lost faith in markets。

2022122Part I Writing(30 minutes)Directions:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to write an essay that begins with the sentence“In an era of information explosion,it is vitally important to develop the ability to think critically and make rational choices.”You can make statements,give reasons,or cite examples to develop your essay.You should write at least150words but no more than200words.Part Listening Comprehension(30 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section,you will hear two long conversations.At the end of each conversation,you will hear four questions.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre. Questions1to4are based on the conversation you have just heard.1.A)She hasn’t started writing it.B)She hasn’t decided on a topic.C)She is proofreading the first draft.D)She is working on the references.2.A)He lent many books to the man for reference.B)He offered the man advice on resource hunting.C)He published a lot in a number of reputable journals.D)He told the man to be selective when using e-resources.3.A)He didn’t think her dissertation topic viable.B)He wasn’t interested in her dissertation topic.C)He didn’t want her to rush through her dissertation.D)He wasn’t specific about the length of her dissertation.4.A)Change her research methodology.B)Narrow down her dissertation topic.C)Consult her professor more.D)Follow the man’s advice.Questions5to8are based on the conversation you have just heard.5.A)He has translated12books.B)He is a well-known nutritionist.C)His books sell well worldwide.D)His latest book sold a million copies.6.A)The desire of Americans to try exotic cuisines.B)The demand for information about food safety.C)The fact that over half of Americans are overweight.D)The fact that science books are difficult to read.7.A)The general public.B)Those who are overweight.C)Those who want to lose weight.D)The medical community.8.A)Switch to a vegetarian diet.B)Follow a personalized diet.C)Adhere to doctors’advice.D)Cut carbohydrate intake.Section BDirections:In this section,you will hear two passages.At the end ofeach passage,you will hear three or four questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answerfrom thefour choices markedA)，B)，C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.Questions9to11are based on the passage you have just heard.9.A)The rate of their growth increased dramatically.B)The growth of their new brain cells doubled.C)They began to show signs of depression.D)They began to get irritated and restless.10.A)To avoid them in the future.B)To warn others against them.C)To make good sense of them.D)To reflect on their causes.11.A)Produce a surprising healing effect.B)Weaken one’s immunity in the long run.C)Make people more susceptible to illness.D)Provide protection against mental illnesses.Questions12to15are based on the passage you have just heard.12.A)Placing their own interests over their staff’s.B)Being overwhelmed by their daily routines.C)Lacking the ability to relate to their staff.D)Spending too much time handling email.13.A)Their leadership may be challenged.B)Their companies may go bankrupt.C)Unexpected events may occur.D)Major problems may result.14.A)Keep an eye on their employees.B)Motivate and inspire their team.C)Sacrifice some of the immediate goals.D)Have greater ambition in overall planning.15.A)Cultivate self-control.B)Filter their email boxes.C)Respond only after work.D)Check only when necessarySection CDirections:In this section,you will hear three recordings of lectures or talksfollowed by three orfour questions.The recordings will be played only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answerfrom thefour choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.Questions16to18are based on the recording you have just heard.16.A)The key to increasing healthy food supply.B)The best way to improve marketing research.C)The impact of advertisements on consumption.D)The importance of the appearance of food.17.A)By focusing on the nutrients in different foods.B)By emphasizing the diversity of food.C)By stressing pleasing aesthetics of food.D)By winning the support of marketing professors.18.A)They can attract customers with the healthy qualities of their products.B)They can boost sales of healthy foods by making them visually appealing.C)They can turn to marketing professors for advice.D)They can rely on advertising for sales promotion.Questions19to21are based on the recording you have just heard.19.A)It has witnessed a spectacular surge in demand.B)It has met much criticism from environmentalists.C)It has seen more small businesses offering environment-friendly products.D)It has experienced increasingly fierce competition among global companies.20.A)Consumers now know much more about technology.B)Their mass production has sharply reduced the price.C)Consumers tend to favor all that is novel.D)Their quality has been greatly improved.21.A)Purchasing only this kind of products for home cleaning.B)Writing positive comments about them on social media.C)Demonstrating on TV how effective these products are.D)Telling one another about their incomparable virtues.Questions22to25are based on the recording you have just heard.22.A)Increasing cleaners’workload.B)Blocking the fountains’works.C)Breaking a time-honored ritual.D)Polluting the fountains’water.23.A)They are occasionally retrieved by curious tourists.B)They are regularly donated to charity organizations.C)They are mostly used for the fountains’maintenance.D)They are usually used as wages for fountain cleaners.24.A)It is invested in a series of businesses.B)It is used exclusively for its maintenance.C)It is used to run a supermarket for the needy.D)It is estimated to be about$40,000a month.25.A)He was arrested for stealing money from four fountain cleaners.B)He was sentenced to34years’imprisonment.C)He collected rare coins from around the world.D)He stole a lot of money from a fountain with a magnetic stick.Part III Reading Comprehension(40 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one wordfor each blankfrom a list of choices given in a word bankfollowing the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letterfor each item on Answer Sheet2with a single line through the centre.You may not use any ofthe words in the bank more than once.The task of the global strategist of a business is to build a platform of capabilities derived from the resources,experiences and innovations of units operating in multiple locations,to transplant those capabilities wherever26,and then to systematically upgrade and renew them—ahead of the competition.Apple is an outstanding case of a company whose unique capabilities give it a worldwide27advantage,particularly with respect to its ability to build platforms from a product base that integrates functional and28design.Apple has been able to leverage and exploit its California-based design and marketing advantages successfully throughout the world.IKEA is another such case.The do-it-yourself furniture and houseware company first developed a compelling set of capabilities to design,manufacture and29furniture at low cost and sell it in a novel way in ter,IKEA successfully30this formula in many other countries.By contrast,Telefónica,a Spanish telecommunications company that is now the world’s fifth largest telecom by31,first developed its special advantage abroad. In1989and1990,Telefónica had the opportunity to enter Chile and Argentina, countries that shared many institutional and cultural characteristics with its home country but that were32more rapid market reform.Throughout the1990s, Telefónica took what it learned in Chile and Argentina about reconstructing former state-owned telecoms to other Latin American countries that were privatizing their state telecoms and deregulating their telecom markets.These examples might lead the reader to believe that creating a global advantage is an easy task.But many other33of expensive failed experiments suggest that creating a lasting global advantage actually requires a great deal of34and operational finesse(技巧).Our research suggests that global winners typically create and sustain their international presence through a systematic process of35, renewing and enhancing their core capabilities.A)aesthetic F)fiscal K)safeguardingB)appropriate G)instances L)shipC)clusters H)rehabilitated M)strategicD)competitive I)reproduced N)transcendE)exploiting J)revenues O)undergoing Section BDirections:In this section,you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2.Fear of Nature:An Emerging Threat to ConservationA)What do we lose when natural spaces and species disappear?Increasingly,research has shown that as species and ecosystems vanish,it also chips away at our ability to preserve what remains—because we no longer understand what we’re losing.B)You probably see it all the time.The neighbor who puts pesticides on his lawnrather than deal with annoying bees.The politician who votes against wildlife protection because she’s never seen a wolf in the wild.The corporation that wants to bulldoze(用推土机推平)the habitat of a rare frog.C)At best this can be termed“the extinction of experience,”where our cultural andnatural histories fade from our memories and therefore our reality.At itsworst it becomes something even more concerning:“biophobia,”the fear ofliving things and a complete aversion to nature.D)This isn’t the fiction of living in a cold,empty dystopia(绝望的世界).Sadly,it’s becoming a way of life for too many people—especially children.Arecent study in Japan paints a striking portrait of this problem.A survey of more than5,300school children in the Tochigi Prefecture examined their perception of 14local insect species and one spider.The results?A collective“ew!”Most of the students saw the species as things to dislike or fear,or even as sources of danger.The less experience the students had with nature,the more negative their feelings.E)The results were published earlier this year in the journal Biological Conservation.Lead researcher Masashi Soga with the University of Tokyo says the studystemmed from observations about today’s nature-deficient children.“Humansinherently avoid dangerous organisms such as bees,but children these daysavoid even harmless insects such as butterflies and dragonflies(蜻蜓),”he says.“I have long wondered why so many of today’s children react like this.”F)Although the children’s reactions were somewhat expected,the new study didcontain an unexpected finding:Many of the surveyed children revealed that their parents also expressed fear or disgust of the same animals.In fact theseparental emotions were strong enough to overwhelm any positive experiences the children might have gained from direct experiences in nature.As Soga and his coauthors wrote in their paper,“Our results suggest that there is likely afeedback loop in which an increase in people who have negative attitudestowards nature in one generation will lead to a further increase in people with similar attitudes in the next generation.”G)And that’s possibly the greater threat posed by extinction of experience.Soga suggests the generational loss—a condition previously dubbed environmental generational amnesia(遗忘)—could chip away at our societal ability to preserve what we’re losing.“I believe that increased biophobia is a major,but invisible, threat to global biodiversity,”Soga says.“As the number of children who have biophobia increases,public interest and support for biodiversity conservation will gradually decline.Although many conservation biologists still consider that preventing the loss of wildlife habitat is the most important way to conserve biodiversity,I think preventing increased biophobia is also important for conservation.”H)What’s to be done about this?The paper makes several recommendations,themost obvious of which is that children should experience nature more often.The authors also suggest establishing policies to guide these natural experiences and increasing educational programs about the natural world.I)Helping parents to see species around them in a new light would make adifference,too.And,of course,maintaining support for preserving the wildspaces where these“scary”creatures live is the most important thing of all.That’s a point reinforced by another recent study,which found that wild spaces located within urban areas—and the plants and animals that thrive in them—are particularly important for human health and well-being.J)Published in the journal Frontiers in Sustainable Cities,the study examined attitudestoward Discovery Park,the heavily forested534-acre public park in Seattle, Washington.It found that the public had the most appreciation for—and gained the most value from—the wildest parts of the park.“I have seen whales,seals,fish, eagles,shorebirds and many other sea creatures in their natural habitat,”one survey participant wrote.“Coming here with people has allowed me to connect and talk with them about conversation that simply does not happen in everyday life,”wrote another.K)The participants reported that their most valuable experiences in the park included encountering wildlife,walking through open spaces,exploring thebeach and finding beautiful views.“We saw that a large majority ofparticipants’interactions,especially their most meaningful interactions,depended on Discovery Park’s relative wildness,”says lead author Elizabeth Lev,a master’s student in the University of Washington’s Human Interaction with Nature Lab.This is only possible because the park is relatively wild.After all,you can’tenjoy watching birds if there are no birds to follow;gaze at the sunset if it’sobscured by skyscrapers;or stop and smell the flowers if they don’t have room to grow.L)And yet even this long-protected space could someday become less hospitable to nature.Over the past few years a lot of people and organizations have suggested developing parts of Discovery Park or the neighboring area.Most recently aplan proposed building34acres of much-needed affordable housing andparking spaces adjacent to the park,bringing with them noise,traffic andpollution.M)If anything like that happened,both the park and the people of Seattle could lose something vital.And that would continue the trend of chipping away at Seattle’s—and the world’s—natural spaces,leaving just tiny pocket parks and green-but-empty spaces that offer little real value to wildlife,plants or people.N)“It is true that any interaction with nature is better than none,but I don’t want people to be satisfied with any small bit of grass and trees,”Lev says.“We have been in this cycle of environmental generational amnesia for a long time,where the baseline keeps shifting and we don’t even realize what we’re losing until it’s gone.If we can get people to understand how much meaning and value can come from having more experiences with more wild forms of nature,then maybe we can stop this cycle and move toward conserving and restoring what we have left.”O)Building this understanding in an ever-more fearful and disconnected world may be the biggest challenge.Peter Kahn,the senior author of Lev’s paper and the director of the Human Interaction with Nature lab,made several suggestions for bridging this gap in this2011book,Technological Nature.They echo the recommendation about getting children into nature,but also include telling stories of how things used to be, imagining what things might be like in the future,and developing a common language about nature,“a way of speaking about wild and domestic interaction patterns,and the meaningful,deep and often joyful feelings that they generate.”P)No matter what techniques we use,this growing field of research illustrates that saving nature requires encouraging people to experience it more often and more deeply.That calls for additional research—Lev and her coauthors have published a toolkit that other municipalities can follow to study the value of their own wild spaces—and clear communication of the results.“If we cancontinue to show people the benefits of these wild spaces,”Lev says,“maybe people will begin to see more value in keeping these areas undeveloped—for the sake of our mutual benefit.”36.A new study found parents’aversion to certain animals would pass on to their children.37.The disappearance of species and ecological systems erodes our ability to keep what is left.38.A study showed that the wildest areas of Discovery Park appealed most to the public.39.The fear of living organisms is becoming more worrisome.40.Preventing the increase in children’s fear of living creatures is also important for conserving biodiversity.41.Research shows that more and deeper experience people have with nature will help save it.42.Though humans naturally tend to avoid dangerous animals,today’s children try to stay away from even harmless ones.43.Development in and around Discovery Park could cause heavy losses to the park and the local residents.44.A large survey of school children found that their negative feelings grew as their experience with nature diminished.45.Elizabeth Lev believes increased contact with more wildlife helps conserve biodiversity.Section CDirections:There are2passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A), B),C)and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions46to50are based on the following passage.Some people in the US have asserted that forgiving student loan debt is one way to stimulate the economy and give assistance to those in need.One government proposition is to eliminate$10,000of debt for‘economically distressed’students. Some in US Congress have gone so far as to suggest forgiving up to$50,000in debt per student borrower,but does forgiving student debt necessarily correlate to helping the economically disadvantaged?The answer is no.This policy is just giving money away to universities and the most affluent students in attendance.Federal Reserve data reveals that the highest-income40percent of households owe approximately60percent of outstanding student debt,while the lowest40percent owe just under20percent.This could bedue to a combination of factors:students from high-income households are more likely to go to expensive colleges,less likely to receive financial aid,and more likely to have high incomes post-graduation.Plus,the majority of student debt is held by graduate degree earners,who earn approximately25percent more than their undergraduate counterparts.Clearly,giving free reign to banks to forgive student debt is a step in the wrong direction.Other proposals for broader,long-term student loan plans have some fundamental problems.One idea is to cancel student debt only for undergraduate degrees and for students making less than$125,000.This attempts to address the fact that Congress’previously mentioned student loan forgiveness plan largely helps out the wealthy,but is an adverse incentive for universities to keep raising tuition and for students to choose to major in low-earning degree programs.Colleges have no reason to make their programs more affordable if they believe students will just take out more debt.And,students will feel more comfortable making the irresponsible decision to go tens of thousands of dollars in debt tomajor in impractical or idealistic subjects if they know their loans will be forgiven.This is especially concerning given the pandemic(大流行病)has rendered a college education practically worthless.Students are paying tens of thousands of dollars per year to live at home and be lectured on the Internet.Do we really want to tell colleges that they can get away with providing below-average service for an outrageous cost?In the case of any of these student debt plans,working-class Americans who chose not to or could not afford to go to college will be subsidizing the education of the professional class.Plumbers and retail workers will be paying for the degrees of doctors and lawyers.The US government’s effort to help those in debt is commendable but is this really the solution that will help the poor financially recover?46.Why do some people advocate forgiving student loan debt?A)They assert it will narrow the gap between the wealthy and the poor.B)They believe it will benefit both the economy and theunderprivileged.C)They claim it will eliminate economic distress among collegestudents.D)They think the cost of education is the responsibility of thegovernment.47.What do we learn from the Federal Reserve data?A)Approximately60%of student debt remains unpaid.B)Cancelling student debt benefits wealthy families most.C)Forgiving student debt provides little benefit to universities.D)Low-income families owe the biggest amount of student debt.48.What does the author say students are likely to do if they know they needn’t repay their loans?A)They will choose to study subjects without considering their job prospects.B)They will be free to pursue their goals without beingburdened financially.C)They will over-borrow and live beyond their means.D)They will be able to enroll in expensive universities.49.What does the author imply about colleges offering online education?A)They cannot get away with the serious consequences.B)They have suffered greatly from the current pandemic.C)The tuition they charge is not justified by the quality of theirservice.D)The tuition they charge has surged outrageouslyduring the pandemic.50.What will happen if any of the proposed student debt plans is implemented?A)Plumbers and retail workers will have a chance of becoming professionals.B)Working-class students will have increasing access to subsidized education.C)Blue-collar workers will have to bear the cost of educating would-be high-earners.D)A growing number of students will be able to earn degrees in medicine and law.Passage TwoQuestions51to55are based on the following passage.If there’s one rule that most parents cling to in the confusing,fast-changing world of kids and media,it’s“No screens before age2.”As of today,that rule has been thrown out the window.The American Academy of Pediatrics(AAP),which first issued that recommendation back in1999,has extensively updated and revised its guidelines for children and adolescents to reflect new research and new habits.The new guidelines,especially for very young children,shift the focus from WHAT is on the screen to WHO else is in the room.And in doing so,they raise some intriguing points about the future of learning from media.For babies younger than18months,AAP still says no screens at all are the best idea—with one notable exception:Live video chat.Surveys indicate that families already popularly believe that“Face time doesn’t count”,or at least that thebenefit of virtual visits with grandparents or other relatives outweighs the potential cost of exposing babies to the laptop or smartphone.The AAP doesn’t cite positive evidence that infants actually get something out of this kind of“conversation”,the way that they clearly do from live social interaction. But there’s some observationalresearch that infants as young as six months old are emotionally engaged by playing live peekaboo(躲猫猫游戏)with Grandma online.For infants and toddlers(学步儿童),ages15months to2years old,there’s limited evidence from a couple of very small studies that they can learn new words from educational media,if and only if parents are watching alongside them, repeating what the video says and/or drawing attention to what is on the screen.In other words,treating a video or an app like a picture book is the best bet.The flip side of this is that many studies have actually shown poorer language skills correlated with earlier solo viewing of“educational”videos.There’s also research that shows language delays in children who watch more TV and start watching earlier.In both cases,the problem seems to be media replacing interaction with people.For this reason,the new AAP guideline has changed from“avoid all screens under age2”to“avoid solo media use in this”age group.For preschoolers ages2to5,there’s more evidence that they have the ability to transfer knowledge from screens to the real world,including early literacy and math.For this age group,AAP recommends no more than an hour a day of screen use. And,just as with younger children,they want care-givers to take part in screen time:“Co-view with your children,help children understand what they are seeing,and help them apply what they learn to the world around them.”51.What do we learn about the“No screens under2”rule?A)It has met more and more resistance from parents.B)It has proved helpful to children’s healthy growth.C)It confuses parents with regard to kids’education.D)It has been discarded in line with recent research.52.What do the new AAP guidelines advocate?A)Young children should be accompanied by parents duringscreen time.B)Parents should be emotionally involved in their children’supbringing.C)Young children should watch videos carefully selected byparents.D)Parents should protect their children from too much media exposure.53.What do families think of live video chat according to surveys?A)It should not be regarded as screen time.B)It helps babies to develop their verbal skills.C)It is not as harmful as playing games on laptops.D)It is a good substitute for video viewing.54.What do researches find about kids solo viewing educational videos?A)It arouses their interest in language learning.B)It works no better than reading picture books.C)It hampers their development of language skills.D)It helps them acquire independent learning skills.55.What does the author say about preschoolers ages2to5?A)They can understand pretty well what they see on the screen.B)They can learn on their own without much parental guidance.C)They can make use of educational videos to develop digital literacy.D)They can relate what they learn on the screen to real life situations.Part IV Translation(30 minutes)Directions:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to translate a passagefrom Chinese into English.You should write your answer on Answer Sheet2.云贵高原（the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau）大部分位于云南、贵州省境内，总面积约50万平方公里，平均海拔2000-4000米，是中国第四大高原。

⼤学英语6级考试恩波英语5套卷模拟试卷⼆COLLEGE ENGLISH MODEL TEST TWO-Band Six-恩波英语5套卷之⼆-Model Test Three命题⼈：何谐试卷⼀Part ⅡReading Comprehension(35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Perhaps all criminals should be required to carry cards which read : “Fragile : handle with care.” It will never do, theses days, to go around referring to criminal as violent thugs.You must refer to them politely as “social misfits” ( 不能适应社会的⼈).The professional killer who wouldn’t think twice about using his club or knife to batter some harmless old lady to death in order to rob her of her meager life savings must never be given a dose of his own medicine. He is in need of “hospital treatment”. According to his misguided defenders, society is to blame.A wicked society breeds evil or so the argument goes. When you listen to this kind of talk, it makes you wonder why we aren’t all criminals. We have done away with the absurdly harsh laws of the nineteenth century and this is only right. But surely enough is enough. The most senseless piece of criminal legislation in Britain and a number of other countries has been the suspension of capital punishment.The violent criminal has become a kind of hero-figure in our time. He is glorified on the screen ; he is pursued by the press and paid vast sum of money for his “memories”. Newspapers which specialize in crime reporting enjoy enormous circulations and the publishers of trashy cops and robbers stories or “murder mysteries” have never had it so good. When you read about the achievements of the great train robbers, it makes you wonder whether you are reading about some glorious resistance movement. The hardened criminal is cuddled and cosseted by the sociologists on the one hand and adored as a hero by the masses on the other. It’s no wonder he is a privileged person who expects and receives VIP treatment wherever he goes. Capital punishment used to be a major deterrent. It made the violent robber think twice before pulling the trigger. It gave the cold blooded poisoner something to ponder about while he was shaking up or serving his arsenic cocktail. It prevented unarmed policemen from being killed while pursuing their duty by killers armed with automatic weapons. Above all, it protected the most vulnerable members of society, young children, from brutal violence.It is horrifying to think that the criminal can literally get away with murder. We all know that “life sentence” does not mean what it says. After ten years or so of good conduct, the most desperate villain is free to return to society where he will live very comfortably, thank you, on the proceeds of his crime, or he will go on committing offences until he is caught again. People are always willing to hold liberal views at the expense of others. It’s always fashionable to pose as the defender of the under-dog, so long as you, personally, remain unaffected. Did the defenders of crime, one wonders, in their desire for fair play, consult the victims before they suspended capital punishment? Hardly, you see, they couldn’t, because all the victims were dead.21. According to the passage, which of the following is the author’s opinion?A) All criminals should be required to carry cards read : “Fragile : Handle with Care.”B) Capital punishment is the only way to deter criminals.C) Society is to blame.D) All criminals need hospital treatment.22. The tone taken by the author towards these defenders of crime in the passage is .A) ironicalB) criticalC) agitatedD) controversial23. “Capital punishment” most probably means .A) life sentenceB) severe punishmentC) fineD) sentence of death24. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A) There has been a marked trend in society towards the humane treatment of less fortunate members.B) Everyone in society thinks it reasonable that all criminals should be punished.C) The author sympathizes with all criminals.D) Robbers usually think twice before shooting.25. What conclusion can be drawn from the passage?A) Professional killers should not be treated with humane treatment.B) The violent robbers should think twice before pulling the trigger.C) We should give the poisoner time to ponder about while he is shaking up or serving his arsenic cocktail.D) Severe punishment,even death penalty, should be given to criminals.Passage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.For about three centuries we have been doing science, trying science out, using science for the construction of what we call modern civilization. Every dispensable item of contemporary technology, from canal locks to dial telephones to penicillin, was pieced together from the analysis of data provided by one or another series of scientific experiments. Three hundred years seems a long time for testing a new approach to human interliving, long enough to settle back for critical appraisal of the scientific method, maybe even long enough to vote on whether to go on with it or not. There is an argument.Voices have been raised in protest since the beginning, rising in pitch and violence in the nineteenth century during the early stages of the industrial revolution, summoning urgent crowds into the streets any day these days on the issue of nuclear energy. Give it back, say some of the voices, it doesn’t really work, we’ve tried it and it doesn’t work, go back three hundred years and start again on something else less chancy for the race of man.The principle discoveries in this century, taking all in all, are the glimpses of the depth of our ignorance about nature. Things that used to seem clear and rational, matters of absolute certainty—Newtonian mechanics, for example—have slipped through our fingers, and we are left with a new set of gigantic puzzles, cosmic uncertainties, ambiguities; some of the laws of physics are amended every few years, some are canceled outright, some undergo revised versions of legislative intent as if they were acts of Congress.Just thirty years ago we call it a biological revolution when the fantastic geometry of the DNA molecule was exposed to public view and the linear language of genetics was decoded. For a while, things seemed simple and clear, the cell was a neat little machine, a mechanical device ready for taking to pieces and reassembling, like a tiny watch. But just in the last few years it has become almost unbelievably complex, filled with strange parts whose functions are beyond today’s imagining. It is not just that there is more to do, there is everything to do. What lies ahead, or what can lie ahead if the efforts in basic research are continued, is much more than the conquest of human disease or the improvement of agricultural technology or the cultivation of nutrients in the sea. As we learn more about fundamental processes of living things in general we will learn more about ourselves.26. What can’t be inferred from the 1st paragraph?A) Scientific experiments in the past three hundred years have produced many valuable items.B) For three hundred years there have been people holding hostile attitude toward science.C) Modern civilization depends on science so man supports scientific progress unanimously.D) Three hundred years is not long enough to settle back critical appraisal of scientific method.27. The principle discovery in this century shows .A) man has overthrown Newton’s laws of physicsB) man has solved a new set of gigantic puzzlesC) man has lost many scientific discoveriesD) man has given up some of the once accepted theories28. Now scientists have found in the past few years .A) the exposure of DNA to the public is unnecessaryB) the tiny cell in DNA is a neat little machineC) man knows nothing about DNAD) man has much to learn about DNA29. The writer’s main purpose in writing the passage is to say that .A) science is just at its beginning B) science has greatly improved man’s lifeC) science has made profound progress D) science has done too little to human beings30. The writer’s attitude towards science is .A) criticalB) approvingC) neutralD) regretfulPassage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.The desire for achievement is one of life’s great mysteries. Social scientists have devoted lifetimes to studying the drives that spur us out of bed in the morning,compel us to work or study hard and spark all manner of human endeavor.Indeed, a 1992 textbook actually documents 32 distinct theories of human motivation.Given this diversity of thought,it’s easy to forget that for a half century,American society has been dominated by the psychological school known as behaviorism, or Skinnerian p s y c h o l o g y . A l t h o u g h b e h a v i o r i s m a n d i t s f u n d a m e n t a l p r i n c i p l e o f p o s i t i v e r e i n f o r c e m e n t h a v e l o n g s i n c e l o s t t h e i r s w a y i n a c a d e m i c c i r c l e s , t h e S k i n n e r i a n l e g a c y r e m a i n s p o w e r f u l i n e v e r y r e a l m o f t r a s h o u t . D o i t , a n d y o u c a n g o t o t h e m o v i e s F r i d a y n i g h t . N o t i n t h e m o o d f o r w o r k ? K e e p p l u g g i n g a w a y , a n d y o u m i g h t g e t a b o n u s . N o t i n t e r e s t i n c a l c u l u s ? S t r i v e f o r a n A i n t h e c l a s s , a n d y o u w i l l m a k e t h e h o n o r r o l l . T h e t h e o r y m a y b e b a n k r u p t , b u t i n c e n t i v e s a n d r e w a r d s a r e s o m u c h a p a r t o f A m e r i c a n c u l t u r e t h a t i t s h a r d t o i m a g i n e l i f e w i t h o u t t h e m . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 3 5 " > Y e t t h a t s e x a c t l y w h a t a g r o w i n g g r o u p o f r e s e a r c h e r s a r e a d v o c a t i n g t o d a y . A s t e a d y s t r e a m o f r e s e a r c h h a s f o u n d t h a t r a t h e r t h a n e n c o u r a g i n g a n d d i m i n i s h i n g p e r f o r m a n c e , o u r s o c i e t y i s c a u g h t i n a w h o p p i n g p a r a d o x , a s s e r t s A l f i e K o h n , a u t h o r o f t h e n e w b o o k p u b l i s h e d b y R e w a r d s ( H o u g h t o n M i f f l i n ) , w h i c h s u r v e y s r e c e n t r e s e a r c h o n t h e e f f e c t i v e n e s s o f r e w a r d s . W e c o m p l a i n l o u d l y a b o u t d e c l i n i n g p r o d u c t i v i t y , t h e c r i s i s o f o u r s c h o o l a n d t h e d i s t o r t e d v a l u e s o f o u r c h i l d r e n . B u t t h e v e r y s t r a t e g y w e u s e t o s o l v e t h o s e p r o b l e m s d a m a g i n g r e w a r d s l i k e i n c e n t i v e p l a n s a n d g r a d e a n d c a n d y b a r s i n f r o n t o f p e o p l e i s p a r t l y r e s p o n s i b l e f o r t h e f i x w e r e i n . / p >。

６级考前最新命制试卷二参考答案及录音文本参考答案Part I Writing【参考范文一】Should Foreign Abbreviations Be Banned on TV?Recently, CCTV banned the use of borrowed English abbreviations such as NBA, WTO and CPI in all its programs. Some people applaud the move, maintaining that it helps preserve the purity of the Chinese language. The media is deeply engaged in the ongoing Westernization of Chinese language. If the phenomenon is not stopped, Chinese will be gradually reduced from an independent expression system to a mixture of languages.Others, however, shake their heads. It is not persuasive, they say, that the media shy away from foreign abbreviations to preserve the purity of the Chinese language and culture. After all, languages’ integration is a very complicated process an d it’s irrational to impose a simple ban on certain words. Besides, the use of foreign abbreviations won’t shake the status of Chinese as an embodiment of and the basis of the 5,000-year-old Chinese culture.As far as I am concerned, there is no need to ban the use of foreign abbreviations on TV. A language is great, not because of its purity, but because of its tolerance to other languages. Chinese is so rich and beautiful because it constantly absorbs words, abbreviations and phrases from other languages. It’s totally unnecessary to fear about the disappearance of Chinese if we allow English to mix with Chinese.【参考范文二】Should Foreign Abbreviations Be Banned on TV?That some TV stations banned the use of foreign abbreviations in their programs sparked off a heated debate.Those who support the ban maintain that the borrowed words make it difficult for some people to understand. It is true that people often read and hear foreign abbreviations like NBA, CBA, GDP, WTO and CPI in an era of the explosion of information. But how many people can explain accurately what these expressions stand for?To those who oppose the ban, it makes no sense for TV stations to exempt their audiences from foreign expressions. Popular foreign abbreviations such as NBA, CPI, GDP and WTO are made up of only three letters. However, they are able to deliver meaning that several Chinese characters are unable to. Therefore, they help make talk and communication easier rather than more difficult.Personally, I think it necessary to ban the use of foreign abbreviations. Undoubtedly, some foreign abbreviations have become useful symbols for many people. However, they are all Greek to some older people who don’t follow the news and don’t speak a foreign language. If these abbreviations are used without Chinese explanations, wouldn’t it be unfair to this group of people?Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)1. B)2. D)3. C)4. B)5. D)6. C)7. A)8. over 60% higher9. moderate-intensity exercise10. discuss negative feelingsPart III Listening Comprehension11. A)12. D)13. A)14. B)15. C)16. D)17. C)18. A)19. C)20. A)21. D)22. C)23. B)24. C)25. D)26. D)27. A)28. B)29. D)30. D)31. A)32. C)33. B)34. D)35. C)36. dating37. appeared38. led39. seabed40. distinctive41. buried42. fundamental43. produced44. Love says it appears the ancient sponges lived on the sea floor and were only a few millimeters in size45. Did the glacial periods provide some sort of environmental stimulus which sort of reorganized the ecosystems forgood46. We want to really connect the first appearance of multicellular animal sponges with a better understanding of theenvironmentPart IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)47. kilometers per year48. climati c zones49. individual species50. move faster51. unique characteristi cs52. C)53. C)54. D)55. D)56. B)57. C)58. B)59. D)60. C)61. B)Part V Cloze62. B)63. C)64. A)65. D)66. D)67. B)68. A)69. C)70. D)71. A)72. B)73. C)74. B)75. D)76. A)77. C)78. D)79. C)80. A)81. B)Part VI Translation82. mistake him for his twin brother83. a waste of time trying to talk to her84. has she kept in touch with us85. whatever learning method (that)suits you86. to have been praised by the manager just now录音文本Part III Listening ComprehensionSection A11. W: Tom, would you like to go to the movies with me after dinner?M: Well, I’ll go if you really want me to, but I’m rather tired.Q: What can we conclude from this conversation?12. W: John. W hat are you doing on your computer? Don’t you remember your promise?M: This is not a game. It’s only a crossword puzzle that helps increase my vocabulary.Q: What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?13. W: The movie starts in 5 minutes and t here’s bound to be a long line.M: Why don’t we come back for the next show? I’m sure it would be less crowded.Q: What does the man suggest doing?14. W: Which of these shirts do you think I should buy? The red or green one?M: Well, didn’t you alr eady buy a red one last week? A little variety would be good.Q: What does the man suggest the woman buy?15. M: I’ll go to the student center this evening for the concert. Would you like to come with me?W: I’d love to, but I have to go to the library to look at a book on American history.Q: Why can’t the woman go with the man?16. M: I hear the basketball game is going to be on TV tonight. Do you have any idea what channel it could be on?W: Um, it might be on seven, but I’m not sure. The TV section of the newspaper is over there on the table.Q: What does the woman imply?17. M: I really wish Tom would take more interest in our business. I don’t know wh y he wants to became an artist.W: He’s only sixteen. I th ink he should do what he wants.Q: What does the man want his son to do?18. W: Is your committee report almost finished?M: Not by a long shot. In fact we barely started the introduction.Q: What does the man mean?Now you will hear the two long conversations.Conversation OneW: Good evening. Today we’ll talk about several interesting cultural artifacts that are a part of daily lives of the Japanese, and perhaps other Asian countries as well. We’re very happy to have Ben Smith here.M: Thank you.W: Well, artifacts made of bamboo are very important in Japanese culture.M: Yes. For hundreds and even thousands of years, the bamboo plant has played an important role in the lives of the Japanese, and at one time, it was believed that the Shinto gods could be found in the stem of the bamboo plant, an d this is something that is portrayed in one of Japan’s oldest tales, The Tale of the Bamboo Cutter.W: That sounds interesting. Bamboo is a very versatile plant. It’s light and flexible, but strong, and there are many varieti es of it. They can be used to make various artifacts.M: Yeah, and some of them are really exquisite.W: Very happily. Mr. Smith has brought here several bamboo artifacts. So can you introduce them to us, Mr. Smith?M: Sure. The first one is a chashaku. It is a tea spoon, and it is used for measuring powdered green tea during the tea ceremony.W: That’s fine. What about this?M: Uh, it i s a tea whisk. It is for mixing the powdered green tea in a small bowl until it becomes a foamy mixture.W: Wow, it is so nice and I love it. Thank you for showing us these fine artifacts, Mr. Smith.M: My pleasure.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. What are the two speakers talking about?20. What do we learn about bamboo and the Shinto god s?21. Why can bamboo be used to make different kinds of artifacts?22. What is the chashaku used for d uring the tea ceremony?Conversation TwoM: Hi. I have a reservati on for tonight.W: And your name?M: It’s Nel son. Charles Nel son.W: Okay. Mr. Nelson. That’s a room for five, and …M: Excuse me? Do you mean a room for five dollars? I didn’t know the special was so good.W: No, no, no. A ccording to our records, a room for fi ve guests was booked under your name.M: No. No. H old on. There must be some mi stake.W: Okay. Let’s check again. Okay, Mr. Charles C. Nel son for tonight…M: Ah. There’s the problem. My name i s Charles Nelson, not Charles C. Nel son. You must have two guests under the same name. W: Okay. Let me check again. Oh. Okay. Here we are. Charles Nel son. A room for one for the 19th…M: Wait, wai t! It was for tonight. Not tomorrow night.W: Hum. I don’t think we have any rooms for toni ght. There’s a convention going on i n town, and uh, l et’s see. Yeah, no rooms. M: Ah come on! Y ou must have something. Anything.W:Well. Let me check my computer here. Ah! There has been a cancellation for thi s eveni ng. A honeymoon suite i s now available.M: Great. I’ll take it.W: But I’ll have to charge you two hundred fi fty dollars for the ni ght.M: Ah. I shoul d get a di scount for the inconvenience.W: Well. The best I can give you i s a ten percent di scount plus a ti cket for a free breakfast.M: Hey. Isn’t the breakfast free anyway?W: Well, only on weekends.M: Okay. That’ll be fi ne.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. What is the first problem with the man’s reservation?24. What kind of room did the man reserve at last?25. How did the woman make up for the inconvenience she had caused the man?Section BPassage OneA year after graduation, I was offered a position teaching a writing class. Teaching was a profession I had never seriously considered, though several of my stories had been published. I accepted the job without hesitation, as itwould allow me to wear a tie and go by the name of Mr. Davis.The position was offered at the last minute, and I was given two weeks to prepare. Sometimes I would give myself an aggressive voice. Sometimes I would sound experienced. But when the day eventually came, my nerves kicked in and the true Mr. Davis was there. I sounded not like a thoughtful professor, but rather a 12-year-old boy.I arrived in the classroom with paper cards designed in the shape of maple leaves. I had cut them myself out of orange construction paper. I saw nine students along a table. I handed out the cards, and the students wrote down their names and fastened them to their breast pockets as I required.“All right then,” I said. “Okay, here we go.” Then I opened my briefcase and realized that I had never thought beyond this moment. I had been thinking that the students would be the first to talk, offering their thoughts and opinions on the events of the day. I had imagined that I would sit at the edge of the desk, overlooking a forests of hands. Every student would yell. “Calm down, you’ll all get your turn. One at a time, one at a time!”A terrible silence ruled the room, and seeing no other opinions, I inspected the students to pull out their notebooks and write a brief essay related to the theme of deep disappointment.Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. What can we learn about the sp eaker from the p assage?27. What did the sp eaker ask the stud ents to do b efore he started his class?28. What did the stud ents do when the sp eaker started his class?29. Why d id the sp eaker probably choose the composition topic?Passage TwoSince the 1970s, scientists have been searching for ways to link the brain with computers. Brain-computer interface (BCI) technology could help people with disabilities send commands to machines.Recently, two researchers, Jose Milan and Michele Tavella from the Federal Polytechnic school in Lausanne, Switzerland, demonstrated a small robotic wheelchair directed by a person’s thoughts.In the laboratory, Tavella operated the wheelchair just by thinking about moving his left or right band. He could even talk as he watched the vehicle and guided it with hi s thoughts.The researchers designed a special cap for the user. This head cover pi cks up the signals from the scalp and sends them to a computer. The computer interprets the signals and commands the motorized wheel chair. The wheel chair also has two cameras that identify objects in its path. They help the computer react to commands from the brain.Prof. Milan, the team leader, says scientists keep improving the computer software that interprets brain signals and turns them into simple commands. “The practical possibilities that BCI technology offers to disabled people can be grouped in two categories: communi cation, and controlling devices. One example is this wheelchair.”He says his team has set two goals. One is testing with real patients, so as to prove that this i s a technology they can benefit from. And the other i s to guarantee that they can use the technology over long periods of time.Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.30. What can BCI do as a technology?31. How did Tavella operate the wheelchair in the laboratory?32. Why will the team test with real patients?Passage ThreeIn a world w ith limited land, water and other natural resourc es, the harm from the traditional business model is on the rise. Actually, the past decades has seen more and more forests disappearing and globe becoming increasingly warm. People now realize that this unhealthy situation must be changed, and that we must be able to develop in sustainable ways. That means growth w ith low carbon or development of sustainable products. In other words, we should keep the earth healthy while using its supply of natural resources.Today, sustainable development is a proper trend in many countries. According to a recent study, the global market for low-carbon energy w ill become three times bigger over the next decades. In addition, we are also seeing great growth in the global markets for sustainable products such as palm oil，which is produced without cutting down valuable rainforest. In recent years the markets for sustainable products have grown by more than 50%.Governments can fully develop the potential of these new markets. First, they can set high targets for reduc ing carbon emissions and targets for saving and reusing energy. Besides, stronger arrangement of public resources like forests can also help to speed up the development. Finally, governments can avoid the huge expenses that are taking us in the wrong direction, and redirecting some of those expenses can accelerate the change from traditional model to a sustainable one.The major challenge of this century is to find ways to meet the needs of growing population within the limits of this single planet. That is no small task, but it offers abundant new chances for sustainable product industries.Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33. What does the sp eaker say about the traditional business mod el?34. What can government do to fully d evelop the low-carbon markets?35. What is the main purpose of the passage?Section CScientists have discovered evidence of the world’s earliest animals, dating back 635 million years, before the end of the last ice age. Scientists h ave found evidence of the world’s earliest multicellular animal life, sponges 408 million years older than the oldest known dinosaur remains, 100 million years older than when scientists thought the first animal life appeared.Earth scientist Gordon Love of the University of California, Riverside led the team that made the discovery. He says the 635-million-year-old fossils were found in sedimentary rocks in a seabed in southern Oman and are in the form of steroids, essential biochemicals in the cell membranes of sponges.“Some of the natural products produced by sponges produce very distinctive structures,” said Love. “Even when they get buried for hundreds of millions of years in sediments. Basically when the structures of the molecules get tweaked a little bit, we can still recognize the basic fundamental skeleton that alerts us to the fact that these were produced by ancient sponges.”Love says it appears the ancient sponges lived on the sea floor and were only a few millimeters in size. He adds that research will now concentrate on whether environmental changes between the two great ice ages caused animal life to flourish. “Did the glacial periods provide some sort of environmental stimulus which sort of reorganized the ecosystems for good? Did the animals appear as we fell into the glacial period or did they appear after the glaciation, is really the next question, I think? We want to really connect the first appearance of multicellular animal sponges with a better understanding of the environment in which they first appeared,” he said.11。

Part ⅢVocabulary (20 minutes)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE answer that best complete the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet witha single line through the centre.41. Since the most commonly accepted test is the TOEFL exam, most institutions will expect a TOEFL score for admission.A) minimalB) maximalC) mimimumD) maximum42. It was believed that his death with the robbery of the bank downtown.A) accompaniedB) coincidedC) correlatedD) conformed43. Does Emerson find his career full and as a basketball player?A) conflictingB) charmingC) rewardingD) awarding44. The local government gave the first to education after the war.A) projectionB) protectionC） professionD) priority45. The professor his habit of getting up early in the morning to do writing all his life.A) projectionB) retainedC） retailedD) revitalized46. The news of our team winning the match was really , and millions of people came out to celebrate the victory.A) overwhelmingB) acceleratingC） promptingD) preceding47. What the government should do urgently is to take actions to the economy.A) brookB) blushC） boostD) brood48. The explosion in the mine was by a careless miner who lit a match.A) triggeredB) claimedC） hamperedD) protested49. The mass newspaper depended significantly more on advertisingthan did their predecessors.A) revenuesB) incomesC） avenuesD) outcomes50. Some minerals are quite common, others are regionally , and still others are rare on the earth.A) attributedB) distributedC） contributedD) scattered51. The most successful way to solve the language problem while a foreign play is being performed is translation.A) instantaneousB) spontaneousC） simultaneousD) homogeneous52. The hostess in the contract that the rent should be paid in cash at the beginning of each month.A) assumedB) submittedC） exposedD) specified53. This year, the number of accidents has that of last year.A) overtakenB) overweighedC） overcomeD) overshadowed54. You must yourself or they will continue to bully you, so you will go on living in disgrace.A) assessB) assertC）maintainD) promote55. While both plans were perfectly sensible, only one seemed in China’s particular situation.A) availableB) feasibleC）resolvableD) presumable56. A good teacher must know how to his ideas to the students, as generally agreed by educational experts.A) transmitB) transferC） conveyD) communicate57. If you keep on taking on more work than you can do, your health will .A) declineB) degradeC） degenerateD) deteriorate58. The director tried to wave aside these issues as details that would be settled later.A) preliminaryB) primaryC） trivialD) alternative59. As one of the youngest professors in the university, Miss King is certainly on the of a brilliant career.A) endB) edgeC） thresholdD) course60. During the famine of 1943, millions of peasants to the cities because they could not make a living in the countryside.A) immigratedB) emigratedC） migratedD) generated61. I’m sorry to inform you that your application has been declined. Our manager thought you were not for the post.A) legibleB) eligibleC） validD) literate62. Visitors to Britain are sometimes surprised to learn that newspapers there have such a large .A) issueB) distribution C） coverageD) circulation63. This line was carrying equal number of eastbound and westbound trains, and they regularly.A) alteredB) alternatedC) switchedD) exchanged64. The three astronauts have splashed down in the Pacific Ocean, only six miles from the aircraft carrier that was for the recovery mission.A) dispatchedB) depositedC) deployedD) delivered65. Pubs have fanciful names like “The Red Lion” or “The Pig and Whistle” and they often have picutre on a signboard outside to the name.A) justifyB) illustrateC) modifyD) clarify66. There are two main requirements before the fifth generation computer can become a reality and it is these that scientists are .A) anticipatingB) tacklingC) manipulatingD) speculating67. College students in this city have set up “the Cleaner Air Society” to help urban citizens become aware of the to our environment.A) conditionsB) situations C) dangersD) threats68. When you get a minor burn, pour some cold water on it, which will helpthe pain of the burn.A) relieveB) relaxC) revealD) release69. The library published a collection of books recently made to the public.A) acceptableB) accessibleC) accommodableD) accountable70. For 14 years after her spouse’s death, she saw the meaning of her life as nourishing her son and safeguarding her husband’s works.A) dueB) loneC) soleD) keen。