普陀补习班
高三历史世界现代化相关联系
1、世界现代化的历史进程（14分）
广义现代化指18世纪工业革命以来人类文明在各个方面所发生的一种深刻变化，它既是从传统社会向现代社会、传统经济向现代经济、传统政治向现代政治、传统文化向现代文化转变的历史过程及其变化，又是不同国家和地区追赶、达到和保持世界先进水平的历史过程及其变化。
——何传启：《21世纪末中国全面实现现代化》（1）材料中的“传统经济向现代经济、传统政治向现代政治的转变”分别是指什么？（2分）
（2）简要叙述18世纪以来的世界现代化的历史进程。（12分）
（1）农耕经济向工业经济、君主专制向民主法治。（2分）
（2）（10-12分）
现代化的世界进程是人类文明形态的重大飞跃，也是人类社会从分散的地域性历史向整体的世界历史发展的转折。亦是工业文明向全球扩展的过程。
第一阶段，现代化在西欧率先启动。18世纪以来，英国率先走向工业革命，成为第一个工业化国家，率先建立了现代工业体系。
第二阶段，现代化在欧美扩展。从18世纪后期开始，工业革命推动着现代化进程在欧美（法国、美国）逐次扩展。
第三阶段，现代化在全球扩张。19世纪末20世纪初，欧洲的主要国家，如法国、德国、俄国等，北美和东亚的美国与日本先后实现了现代化。
第四阶段，现代化的自我更新和多样化模式出现。20世纪以来，一方面是资本主义发达国家在应对严重的经济危机过程展开了多次重大经济政策的调整，进行自我更新，形成了国家垄断资本主义的新模式；同时，苏联社会主义现代化道路的探索为人类选择非资本主义发展模式提供了经验和教训；另一方面，获得民族独立的发展中国家逐渐形成了具有民族特色得、多样化的现代化模式。
2、改造世界的世纪(14分)
有学者认为19世纪是一个改造世界的世纪。请运用史实阐述这一观点。（14分）工业化浪潮推动了现代化的世界进程，加速了世界整体化进程。
经济：第一次工业革命产生了大机器生产取代手工生产，现代工厂诞生。第二次工业革命推动了大企业与垄断资本的形成，世界市场最终形成。
政治：资本主义主要国家相继通过改革或革命确立了资本主义制度。
思想：启蒙思想的传播推动了各国的社会变革，社会主义思潮由空想走向科学，科学社会主义诞生。
国际格局：在工业革命推动下，形成了以资本主义工业化国家为主导和中心的现代世界体系。
3、资本主义世界体系的形成（11分）
材料一：英、法、德、美四国工业生产在全世界的比重（以全世界工业生产总额为100%）
材料二：1914年世界六大殖民列强拥有的殖民地土地和人口
材料三：
问题：
（1）归纳材料一的基本特征。（2分）
（2）材料三的“大餐桌”和所分享的“美食”分别比喻什么？并给漫画配上主题。（3分）
（3）迟到者中扑向西班牙、扑向俄国、扑向英国的分别是哪一国家？（3分）（4）简要说明材料一、材料二、材料三之间的关系。（3分）
1）19世纪晚期20世纪初，英法工业生产在全世界的比重在不断下降，美德在不断上升，并超过英法，跃居世界第一、二位。（2分）
（2）“大餐桌”指地球。“美食”指殖民地和半殖民地；主题：帝国主义重新瓜分世界的斗争。（3分）
（3）扑向西班牙的是美国；扑向俄国的是日本；扑向英国的是德国。（3分）（4）由于主要资本主义国家经济、政治发展不平衡加剧，导致帝国主义列强重新瓜分世界的斗争，最终引发了第一次世界大战。（3分）
4、（13分）
鸦片战争以来，中国的现代化可以划分为六个阶段，经历了六次政治选择。
——萧功秦《中国百年现代化中的六次政治选择》阅读材料，结合所学知识回答问题：
（1）如果你同意以上观点，那么可以选择哪些史实来分别论证第一阶段和第二阶段的政治选择？（5分）
（2）第三、四阶段中国现代化进程步履维艰，结合历史背景分析制约因素有哪些？（4分）
（3）该学者认为，第六阶段的模式之所以取得较大成就，关键在于“激活了社会内部的微观个体、地方与企业的竞争活力”，试用改革开放中的一些具体史实来说明这一观点。（4分）
（1）（共5分）第一阶段史实：洋务运动、百日维新、清末新政。（每答对一点给1分，满分不超过3分）第二阶段史实：创立中华民国、颁布《临时约法》、实行责任内阁制、权力分立等。
（2）（共4分）
经济：封建经济基础根深蒂固；民族资本主义经济基础薄弱。（2分）
政治：政权的专制性强；政局动荡，战争频繁。（1分）
外交：受列强控制，国际地位弱，缺乏民族独立发展的条件。（1分）（3）（共4分）家庭联产承包责任制调动农民生产积极性；国有企业改革扩大企业自主权，调动经营者和工人的积极性；社会主义市场经济体制的建立优化资源配置，增强经济活力；形成以公有制经济为主体，多种所有制经济共同发展的经济格局；经济特区和沿海经济开放区的设立促进了沿海地区快速发展。（每答对一点给1分，满分不超过4分）
5、文明的渐进
在人类文明的演进中，政治、经济、思想等多方面的因素相互作用，共同推进文明的发展。请以15世纪到19世纪的英国为例，叙述各方面因素的互动所推进的英国现代化过程。（14分）
15世纪下半叶，英国形成君主专制，推行重商主义政策，（2分）新航路的开辟，使欧亚主要商业贸易中心转移到了大西洋沿岸，客观上促进了英国资本主义经济的发展。（2分）文艺复兴和宗教改革促使人们思想解放，壮大了资产阶级的力量。（2分）17世纪上半期，英国资本主义经济已经有相当的发展，新兴资产阶级和新贵族渴望废除君主专制，发展自由资本主义。（2分）17世纪开始的思想启蒙运动批判封建君主专制和中世纪神学理论，为英国资产阶级革命后建立君主立宪政体提供了理论依据。（2分）英国资产阶级革命后建立了君主立宪政体，政局长期稳定，为工业革命的进行创造了良好的社会环境。（2分）英国
工业革命过程中也产生了贫富分化、阶级矛盾尖锐等问题，推动政府进行社会立法，以巩固资产阶级的统治。（2分）（本题在回答时，要体现政治、经济、思想等各方面因素之间的互动作用。）
6、多样的工业化
有位经济学家指出：“如果根据发动主体的不同，可以将工业化划分为三种类型：第一是由个人或私人发动的“演进型”工业化，如英国、法国和美国；第二是由政府发动的“革命型”工业化，如苏联；第三是由政府和私人共同发动的混合型工业化，如德国、日本等。”
——胡鞍钢《中国政治经济史论》
问题：（13分）
（1）三种类型中最早获得成功的类型和国家是哪个？为何成功？（9分）（2）19世纪的日本是如何发动“混合型工业化”的？（4分）
（1）第一种，英国（1分）
政治制度是前提：资产阶级革命后建立了三权分立的君主立宪政体，整个社会有一个良好政治环境
经济政策护航：重商主义，保护私人产权，鼓励技术创新，形成私人企业制度农业革命基础：国内圈地运动完成农业革命，还为工业提供廉价劳力；
科学技术支撑：棉纺织技术和熟练工人队伍
能源、资源保障：煤炭资源开发；海上霸权建立使海外殖民市场空前扩大，殖民地的资源和利润加速资本原始积累（能够说明每个角度即可得分）（8分）（2）国家：引进西方生产技术、设备和现代产业制度，建立了较为发达的纺织业、造船业、军事工业、机器制造业，强制推行义务教育，扶植高等教育
个人：废除关卡、行会，允许人民自由择业，鼓励工商、嘉奖贸易，确认土地私有，允许农民自由选种作物。（每个角度说清楚就可得分）（4分）
7、文明的演进
从历史来讲，现代化的涵义是指政治上的民主化，经济上的工业化，社会生活上的城市化，思想领域的自由化，文化上的人性化等。在此引领下，也促进了人类文明的演进，某校的学生社团组织同学对此进行了讨论后作了如下专题的阐述。阅读下列材料，回答问题（14分）
主题一 中国古代的青铜文明
某博物馆收藏有西周中期的青铜器“卫盉”,器内铭文记载
: “裘卫用玉璋与贵族矩伯换取了80朋(货币单位)的土地。这个换取手续征得了五个贵族的同意，并在相关部门的监督下完成。通过这样的途径，裘卫聚敛了大量财富。裘卫家族的第三代，随葬物品享用‘五鼎八簋’。按西周礼制：天子九鼎八簋，诸侯七鼎六簋，大夫五鼎四簋。
主题二 西方社会的法治文明
《拿破仑法典》现藏于某博物馆，以下为其中的摘录：
主题三 现代经济的两种模式
某同学建立个人历史博物馆，收集有如下两张图片：
20世纪30年代美国建设的田纳西水利工程 1953—1957年生产的解放牌汽车 主题四 中国现代的政治文明
某博物馆陈列有新中国国徽设计的两种方案。方案①是以玉壁为主体，图案中有国家名称、红色五星、金色齿轮、金色嘉禾等要素。方案②是改进后的图样，保留了红色五星、金色齿轮、金色嘉禾等要素，加入了天安门图案。
方案①方案②
（1）依据主题一的材料，完成下列表格。（4分）
（2）概括主题二中条款的原则，并指出该文件的思想来源。（4分）
（3）主题三两幅图片反映的经济模式有何不同目的？其共同手段是什么？（3分）
（4）结合20世纪以来的重大历史事件，谈谈你对主题四方案②加入天安门图案的理解。（3分）
（1）①可以说明西周中期土地可以合法交换，②随葬物品享用‘五鼎八簋’。③可用于研究西周中期的文字，④可用于研究西周时期的手工技术。（每项1分）（2）法律面前人人平等，（1分）私有财产神圣不可侵犯。（1分）罗马法（1分）和启蒙思想。（1分）
（3）中国是服务于重工业的发展（或服务于社会主义工业化），（1分）美国增加就业刺激消费（或缓解经济危机）。（1分）都是国家调控干预经济。（1分）（4）1919年五四运动揭开了新民主主义革命序幕。（1分）1949年开国大典，见证了新中国的诞生。（1分）加入天安门图案体现了中国人民反帝反封建的不屈的民族精神。（1分）
8、和魂洋才（13分）
明治维新，是在“东西方”格局里日本的国家定位转型。在“西化”动力的推动下，日本以“和魂洋才”为指导思想，战胜“中体西用”的中国，跻身世界强国之列。请以“和魂洋才”为主题，叙述这一过程。
从政治、经济、军事、文化教育、社会习俗等至少三个方面，通过具体史实说明日本全方位大力学习西方，进行了具有资本主义性质的改革。（6分）如在政治
上采取“奉还版籍”和“废藩置县”等措施，重建以天皇为中心的中央集权制。并在1885年实行内阁制，1889年颁布第一部宪法，走上建设现代制度的道路，为资本主义经济发展提供政治保障。
能够结合“和魂洋才”的指导思想，通过具体史实说明在明治维新中保留了封建残余及其产生的影响。（3分）如大力发展军事工业，在军队中宣扬“武士道”精神，以提高军队战斗力。这些既使日本在19世纪90年代，基本完成第一次工业革命，从一个封建的东方农业国家，转变为一个深受西方文明影响的工业化国家，实现了“脱亚入欧”的目标。同时又为日本走向军国道路，大力对外侵略扩张埋下了伏笔。
由此，在19世纪末，通过甲午战争，工业化的日本战胜了仍以传统文化为核心的中国，成为帝国主义强国。（2分。该项结合整体的叙述进行综合评分）
普陀区2016学年第一学期髙三英语 I.Listening Comprehensio n Section A10% Directions：In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard 1. A.Relaxed B.Annoyed C. Worried. D. Satisfied 2. A. On February 1st. B. On February 2nd. C. On February 3rd D. On February 8th. 3. A. A basketball player. B. A laundry worker. C. A window washer. D. A rock climber. 4. A. To a stationery shop. B. To a gymnasium. C. To a paint store. D. To a news stand. 5. A. Ask for something cheaper B. Buy the purse she really likes C. Protect herself from being hurt. D. Bargain with the shop assistant. 6.A. She doesn't plan to continue studying next year. B.She has already told the man about her plan. C.She isn’t planning to leave her university. D.She recently visited a different university
2016届上海普陀高三一模 考试时间：120分钟满分：150分 II. Grammar and Vocabulary （26分） Section A Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. (A) Different forms of hospitality (好客) I am a British woman social anthropologist (人类学家). I once spent a year in Moldova, in Eastern Europe, （25）______ (study) everyday life in the country. I stayed with a Moldovan family to see from the inside how people managed their lives. I had a wonderful time and made many new friends. What I observed is of course based on my own experience at a particular place and time. I often found (26) _______ surprisingly difficult to see life there through the eyes of a Moldovan. This was (27) ______ the people I met were extremely hospitable and I was treated as an honoured guest at all times. As my hosts, they wanted me to enjoy myself, and not to get (28) ______ (involve) in shopping, cooking, or other domestic jobs. Most mornings I was encouraged to go out to explore the city, or carry out my research, and I returned later to find that my elderly landlady and her sister had travelled across the city on buses to the central market (29) ________ (bring) back heavy loads of potatoes, a whole lamb, or other large quantities of products. I was often invited to people’s homes, and was always offered food on entering. Mo st of the adults I met enjoyed inviting friends, family, neighbours, colleagues and even strangers into their homes, (30) ______ they treated them to food, drink, and a lively hospitable atmosphere. Hosts hurried to serve guests as well and as quickly as possible. (31) ______ a household was expecting guest, large amounts of food were prepared in advance, usually by the women. Wine had already been made, generally by the men, (32) ______ were also responsible for pouring it. Unexpected visitors were still offered as much food and drink as the household (33) ______ provide in the circumstances. (B) How English family life has evolved since the eighteenth century The majority of English families of the pre-industrial age, roughly until the mid-eighteen century, lived in a rural location. Many of them owned or had the use of a small piece of land, and actually all family members were busy with agricultural work in one form or another, usually (34) _______ (grow) food for their own consumption and sometimes also producing food or other goods for sale. The labour was controlled by the husband, (35) ______ _____ his wife and children, too, had an economic value as their contributions to the family income were likely to make the difference between starvation and survival. Children worked from an early age, girls helping their mothers, and boys their fathers. School was an occasional factor in their lives. Instead, children learned by doing (36) _______ their parents showed them. Knowledge of caring (37) ______ animals, sewing was handed down from parent to child. Also, most people engaged in handicraft production in the home, and the family (38)
2016一模翻译 I. Translation（杨浦） Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 1.为了赶时髦，一些年轻人花费一个月的工资去购买新发行的电子产品。（spend） 2.人们理所当然地认为颜值高的人更有可能受到雇主的青睐。（grant） 3.网购存在风险，因此下单之前的深思熟虑有助于避免不必要的损失。（exist） 4.消息传来在新西兰发生地震后，中国政府立即租用直升机实施救援，为此国 人感到十分自豪。（Word） Translation 1.To follow the fashion, some young people spend one-month salary in buying a newly-released electronic product. 2.It’s taken for granted that those with good physical appearance are more likely to be favored by their employers. 3.There exist risks in online shopping, so careful consideration before placing an order can help avoid unnecessary losses. 4.Word came that the Chinese government rented helicopters to rescue victims /carry out rescue operations immediately after the earthquake hit New Zealand, which made Chinese people very proud. V.Translation （徐汇） Direction: Translate the following sentences into English ,using the words given in the brackets. 72.我以为你会和我一起乘高铁去北京（think） 73.每月她都会留出一部分钱以备不时之需。（in case） 74.站在山顶，极目远望，大自然的壮美让我们惊叹不已（amaze） 75.被称为“发展中国家”不一定是坏事，只有这样我们才能永远在发展的道路上前进，追求更为高远的目标。（it） V. Translation 72.I thought you would go to Beijing with me by high-speed rail. 1分1分0.5分0.5分 73.She sets aside some money monthly in case of need.
普陀区高三英语二模考试(完整版)
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2017届上海市普陀区高考二模试卷(含答案) II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Wildlife in Decline The populations of Earths wild vertebrates (脊椎动物）have declined by 58% over the past four decades, according to the Living Planet Report 2016 published by the World Wildlife Fund. Climate change and activities such as deforestation and poaching（偷猎）are in large part (21)______(blame) for the decline. If the trend continues, by 2020, the world (22)________(lose) two-thirds of its vertebrate biodiversity. “Sadly, there is no sign yet (23)________ this rate will decrease,” the report says. “Across land, fresh water and the oceans, human activities are forcing w ildlife populations to the edge," says Marco Lambertini, director-general of WWF International. The Living Planet Report is published every two years. It aims to provide an assessment of the state of the worlds wildlife. The 2016 study included 3700 different species of birds, fish, mammals, amphibians and reptiles around the world. The team collected data from more than 3000 sources, including government statistics and surveys (24) ______ (carry) out by conservation groups. They then analyzed (25) ______ the population sizes had changed over time. Lambertini said some groups of animals had done worse than others. ''We do see particularly strong declines (26) ______ the freshwater environment. For freshwater species alone, the decline stands at 81% since 1970. This is related to the way that water (27)________(use) and taken out of freshwater systems, and also to the fragmentation（分裂）of freshwater systems through dam building, for example.” The report also highlighted other species, such as African elephants, (28) ________ nave suffered huge declines in recent years, and sharks, which are threatened by overfishing. (29) ________ ________ ________ all the terrifying facts, however, some conservationists say there is still hope. “One of the things that I think i s the most important is that these wild animals haven't yet gone extinct,” said Robin Freeman，head of the Zoological Society of London. “On the whole, (30) ________ are not dying out, and that means we still have opportunities to do something about the de cline.” Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. contribute B. flows C. fundamental D. lays E. notes _ F. outline G. reflect H. respectively I. shared J. serve K. uncertainly Leadership Traits_（特质）__
2015-2016学年高三一模完型填空信息汇总
表示转折关系： 例1：(虹口区2016年一模) But when it comes to the students who really struggle and suffer at school, the difference is ___54___: boys are 50% more likely than girls to fall short of basic standards in all three areas. ___55___, why are girls performing better at school than their male classmates? 55. A. However B. Therefore C. Similarly D. Instead 答案解析：55题之前一段讲了研究表明，一般来说，女生要比男生在学校表现得好，然后下面一段话锋一转开始分析原因，因此选A，表转折。 例2：(长宁区2016年一模) The crime was committed in clear view of many people. 51 , at the end of his trial, Hinckley was found not 52 by reason of insanity (精神失常). 51. A. Therefore B. However C. Otherwise D. Moreover 答案解析：前面讲的是某人刺杀总统未遂，但却也对总统造成伤害。后面笔锋一转，讲的是由于精神失常此人并未被判刑，因此选B。 例3：(徐汇区2016年一模) It's strange how chary(吝啬) we are about praising. Perhaps it’s because few of us know how to accept compliments gracefully. _53____, we are embarrassed and shrug off(不予理睬) the words we are really so glad to hear. 53. A. instead B. therefore C. moreover D. otherwise 答案解析：本题前面讲到：很奇怪我们对于表扬总是很吝啬。可能是因为我们很少有人能够很优雅的接受表扬。本题后面说道：我们会对于那些我们确实很开心听到的话感到尴尬或者不予理睬。前后两句是一种转折关系，因此选A. 表示“与之代替的是”。 例4：(徐汇区2016年一模) Praise is like sunlight to the human spirit; we cannot flower and grow without it. And yet, we are somehow ___51____to give our fellow the warm sunshine of praise. 51.A. guilty B. impatient C. fortunate D. Reluctant 答案解析：这里利用“yet”转折关系作出此题根据句意：表扬就像是人类精神的阳光，没有它我们不能够开花和成长。然而，我们好像不是很情愿给予我们同伴温暖的表扬。因此选D.
上海普陀区高三英语一 模试卷 文档编制序号：[KK8UY-LL9IO69-TTO6M3-MTOL89-FTT688]
普陀区2016学年第一学期髙三英语质量调研 I.Listening Comprehensio n Section A10% Directions：In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard 1.A.Relaxed B.Annoyed C. Worried. D. Satisfied 2. A. On February 1st. B. On February 2nd. C. On February 3rd D. On February 8th. 3. A. A basketball player. B. A laundry worker. C. A window washer. D. A rock climber. 4. A. To a stationery shop. B. To a gymnasium. C. To a paint store. D. To a news stand. 5. A. Ask for something cheaper B. Buy the purse she really likes C. Protect herself from being hurt. D. Bargain with the shop assistant. 6.A. She doesn't plan to continue studying next year. B.She has already told the man about her plan. C.She isn’t planning to leave her university. D.She recently visited a different university 7.A. The cafeteria isn’t usually empty B. Dessert is served in the cafeteria. C. The cafeteria is near the library. D. Coffe isn’t allowed in the library.
2016年上海市普陀区高考数学一模试卷 一、填空题（本大题56分）本大题共有14小题，要求直接将结果填写在答题纸对应的空格中，每小空格填对得4分，填错或不正确的位置一律得零分. 1．若全集U=R，集合M={x|x（x﹣2）≤0}，N={1，2，3，4}，则N∩?U M= ． 2．若函数，，则f（x）+g（x）= ． 3．在（2x﹣1）7的二项展开式中，第四项的系数为． 4．在，则函数y=tanx的值域为． 5．若数列{a n}中，a1=1，a n+1=2a n+1（n∈N*），则数列的各项和为． 6．若函数f（x）=（x≥0）的反函数是f﹣1（x），则不等式f﹣1（x）＞f（x）的解集 为． 7．设O为坐标原点，若直线与曲线相交于A、B点，则 扇形AOB的面积为． 8．若正六棱柱的底面边长为10，侧面积为180，则这个棱柱的体积为．9．若在北纬45°的纬度圈上有A、B两地，经度差为90°，则A、B两地的球面距离与地球半径的比值为． 10．方程的解x= ． 11．设P是双曲线上的动点，若P到两条渐近线的距离分别为d1，d2，则 d1?d2= ． 12．如图，已知正方体ABCD﹣A1B1C1D，若在其12条棱中随机地取3条，则这三条棱两两是异面直线的概率是（结果用最简分数表示） 13．若F是抛物线y2=4x的焦点，点P i（i=1，2，3，…，10）在抛物线上，且 ，则= ． 14．若函数最大值记为g（t），则函数g（t）的最 小值为．
二、选择题（本大题20分）本大题共有4小题，每小题有且只有一个结论是正确的，必须把正确结论的代号写在答题纸相应的空格中，每题选对得5分，不选、选错或选出的代号超过一个（不论是否都写在空格内），或者没有填写在题号对应的空格内，一律得零分. 15．下列命题中的假命题是（） A．若a＜b＜0，则B．若，则0＜a＜1 C．若a＞b＞0，则a4＞b4D．若a＜1，则 16．若集合，则“x∈A”是“x ∈B”成立的（） A．充分非必要条件B．必要非充分条件 C．充要条件 D．既不充分也不必要条件 17．如图，在四面体ABCD中，AB⊥BD，CD⊥DB，若AB与CD所成的角的大小为60°，则二面角C﹣BD﹣A的大小为（） A．60°或90°B．60° C．60°或120°D．30°或150° 18．若函数，关于x的方程f2（x）﹣（a+1）f（x）+a=0， 给出下列结论： ①存在这样的实数a，使得方程由3个不同的实根； ②不存在这样的实数a，使得方程由4个不同的实根； ③存在这样的实数a，使得方程由5个不同的实数根； ④不存在这样的实数a，使得方程由6个不同的实数根． 其中正确的个数是（） A．1个B．2个C．3个D．4个 三、解答题（本大题74分）本大题共有5小题，解答下列各题必须在答题纸规定的方框内写出必要的步骤. 19．如图，椭圆+=1的左、右两个焦点分别为F1、F2，A为椭圆的右顶点，点P在椭 圆上且∠PF1F2=arccos （1）计算|PF1|的值x （2）求△PF1A的面积．
2016学年高三英语一模翻译汇编 1.说服她不再网购是没有任何作用的。(It) 2.自苹果6问世以来，就再没有其他手机对我更有吸引力了。(appeal) 3.人口的老龄化问题十分严峻，成了全球各国政府都头疼不已的问题。（so…that…） 4.从顾客的肢体语言，这个售货员就能知道他想买什么，这让那位顾客十分惊讶。(amaze) 5.沿外滩一路缓步走来，你可以欣赏到从19世纪到21世纪的各种不同风格的欧式建筑。 (range) 1．成本问题在我们的决定中起着很大的作用。（play） 2．他的所做和他的所说大相径庭。（There） 3．毫无疑问，选择学校常常能反映出父母对子女的希望。(reflect) 4．经常换工作和住所的人常常没有安全感并且缺乏责任心。（who） 5．尽管他明知暴饮暴食有害健康，但他对我们要他节食的忠告却一直置若罔闻。(Although)
1.你养成每天听英语新闻的习惯了吗? (develop) 2.我认为在做出最终决定前，我们有必要和父母讨论一下这个问题。(it) 3.由于对该公司开发的软件一无所知，他最终未能通过面试。（ignorant) 4.照片的展出非常成功，一个月后约翰就辞职做了专职摄影师，实现了他的梦想。(So...) 5.与往届会议不同的是，本次会议各国并无明显分歧，新的协议有望达成。(expect) \ 1.今年除夕你计划在哪里过？（plan） 2.下雨天上海的道路总是比平时更拥堵。（than） 3.是一个外国人不顾自己的安危救了那个轻生的男子。（It） 4.那天傍晚我一走出校门就遇到了一个多年不见的小学同班同学。（No sooner） 5.无论谁想要成功必先明白这个道理“成功来自艰苦的付出和坚持不懈”。（Whoever）
普陀区2016学年第一学期髙三英语质量调研 I.Listening Comprehension Section A10% Directions：In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard 1. A.Relaxed B.Annoyed C. Worried. D. Satisfied 2. A. On February 1st. B. On February 2nd. C. On February 3rd D. On February 8th. 3. A. A basketball player. B. A laundry worker. C. A window washer. D. A rock climber. 4. A. To a stationery shop. B. To a gymnasium. C. To a paint store. D. To a news stand. 5. A. Ask for something cheaper B. Buy the purse she really likes C. Protect herself from being hurt. D. Bargain with the shop assistant. 6.A. She doesn't plan to continue studying next year. B.She has already told the man about her plan. C.She isn’t planning to leave her university. D.She recently visited a different university 7.A. The cafeteria isn’t usually empty B. Dessert is served in the cafeteria. C. The cafeteria is near the library. D. Coffe isn’t allowed in the library. 8. A. She lives close to the man B. She changes her mind at last. C. She will turn to her manager. D. She declines the man’s offer. 9. A. He doesn't mind helping the woman. B. He'll help if the woman doesn't mind. C. H e’ll help if the woman doesn’t mind. D. He can’t help move the cupboard. 10. A. The washing machine is totally beyond repair. B.She will help Wendy prepare her annual report. C.Wendy should give priority to writing her report. D.The washing machine should be checked annually.
2017年上海普陀区高三英语一模试卷及答案
普陀区2016学年第一学期髙三英语 I.Listening Comprehension Section A10% Directions：In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard 1. A.Relaxed B.Annoyed C. Worried. D. Satisfied 2. A. On February 1st. B. On February 2nd. C. On February 3rd D. On February 8th. 3. A. A basketball player. B. A laundry worker. C. A window washer. D. A rock climber. 4. A. To a stationery shop. B. To a gymnasium. C. To a paint store. D. To a news stand. 5. A. Ask for something cheaper B. Buy the purse she really likes C. Protect herself from being hurt. D. Bargain with the shop assistant.
2020年完形填空解析版 静安 【解答】 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在到处充斥着虚假新闻的时代，卖家与消费者建立信任至关重要，最佳方式是与消费者进行公开对话。 【小题1】答案：B 解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实证明，对自己的产品保持诚实是令人痛苦的，这实际上可能会使你的品牌受益。A.nervous紧张的；B.honest诚实的； C.careful仔细的； D.particular挑剔的。上文提到随着消费者对网络广告和隐私问题越来越失望，该如何说服消费者购买你的产品呢？再结合下文的介绍可知，对自己的产品保持诚实会让你的品牌受益，故B项正确。 【小题2】答案：C 解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：此外，根据该报告，大多数消费者对在线同行评议和朋友推荐的信任远高于公司的广告信息。A.Instead相反；B.Otherwise否则；C.Moreover此外；D.However然而。空前说消费者对影响者营销策略的认知正在提高,此处对前面进行补充说明，与之是并列关系，用moreover引出需要补充的内容，故C项正确。 【小题3】答案：A 解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.reviews评论、评议；B.reactions反应； C.experiences经历； D.instructions指示。根据空后的 "as much as recommendations from friends"可知此处指”同行评议”，故A项正确。【小题4】答案：A 解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：看起来，来自普通人的反馈实际上比一个难以企及的品牌大使更有分量。A.weight重量重要性；B.risks风险；C.warnings警告； D.burdens负担。上文说大多数消费者对在线同行评议和朋友推荐的信任远高于公司的广告信息，因此普通人的反馈似乎比一个品牌大使更有分量，故A项正确。 【小题5】答案：C 解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：报告发现，供应商和买家之间存在很大的信任鸿沟。A.relationship关系；B.influence影响;C.gap间隙、缺口；D.extension延伸。空后说虽然供应商认为他们是透明的，但大多数买家并没有看到，这说明供应商和买家之间存在很大的信任鸿沟，故C项正确。 【小题6】答案：D 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然供应商认为他们是透明的，但大多数买家似乎看不到。例如，在销售过程中，85%的供应商——声称在销售过程中对产品的局限性持开放态度——但只有36%的买家持同样的观点。A.refuse拒绝；B.hesitate犹;C.desire渴望；D.claim声称。 供应商认为自己是透明的，自然会声称在销售过程中对产品的局限性持开放态度，故D项正确。
2016届上海普陀英语高三一模 考试时间：120分钟满分：150分 II. Grammar and Vocabulary （26分） Section A Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. (A) Different forms of hospitality (好客) I am a British woman social anthropologist (人类学家). I once spent a year in Moldova, in Eastern Europe, （25）______ (study) everyday life in the country. I stayed with a Moldovan family to see from the inside how people managed their lives. I had a wonderful time and made many new friends. What I observed is of course based on my own experience at a particular place and time. I often found (26) _______ surprisingly difficult to see life there through the eyes of a Moldovan. This was (27) ______ the people I met were extremely hospitable and I was treated as an honoured guest at all times. As my hosts, they wanted me to enjoy myself, and not to get (28) ______ (involve) in shopping, cooking, or other domestic jobs. Most mornings I was encouraged to go out to explore the city, or carry out my research, and I returned later to find that my elderly landlady and her sister had travelled across the city on buses to the central market (29) ________ (bring) back heavy loads of potatoes, a whole lamb, or other large quantities of products. I was often invited to people’s homes, and was always offered food on entering. Mo st of the adults I met enjoyed inviting friends, family, neighbours, colleagues and even strangers into their homes, (30) ______ they treated them to food, drink, and a lively hospitable atmosphere. Hosts hurried to serve guests as well and as quickly as possible. (31) ______ a household was expecting guest, large amounts of food were prepared in advance, usually by the women. Wine had already been made, generally by the men, (32) ______ were also responsible for pouring it. Unexpected visitors were still offered as much food and drink as the household (33) ______ provide in the circumstances. (B) How English family life has evolved since the eighteenth century The majority of English families of the pre-industrial age, roughly until the mid-eighteen century, lived in a rural location. Many of them owned or had the use of a small piece of land, and actually all family members were busy with agricultural work in one form or another, usually (34) _______ (grow) food for their own consumption and sometimes also producing food or other goods for sale. The labour was controlled by the husband, (35) ______ _____ his wife and children, too, had an economic value as their contributions to the family income were likely to make the difference between starvation and survival. Children worked from an early age, girls helping their mothers, and boys their fathers. School was an occasional factor in their lives. Instead, children learned by doing (36) _______ their parents showed them. Knowledge of caring (37) ______ animals, sewing was handed down from parent to child. Also, most people engaged in handicraft production in the home, and the family (38) ______ (pay) to work with cloth, wood or leather. In general, this work could be put aside and taken up again when there was a break such as agricultural work. The process of industrialization in the second half of the eighteenth century and during the nineteenth transformed life for the majority of the population. It was the use of steam to power machinery (39) ______ required large buildings, and it resulted in the construction of numerous factories in many towns and cities. These in turn (40) _______ （encourage）migration from the countryside in search of work. If electricity had preceded