浙江大学远程教育学院
《英美文学》课程作业答案
Unit 1
Answer
1. B
2. D
3. C
4.B
5. Hamlet, Othello, King Lear and Macbeth
6 1). Hamlet; William Shakespeare
2) the main character of the play- Hamlet
3) “to be or not to be” indicates to live or end one’s life. The whole drif t of the speech shows his belief in a future life. This speech shows Hamlet’s melancholy and his delay and describes he faced the dilemma of action and mind.
4). (见书本P6)
7.The term Renaissance refers to a great bourgeois cultural movement in Europe which began in the 14th century and continued to the mid-17th century. It first started from Italy and then spread all over Europe. Originally, the term means “rebirth” or “revival”. And the movement seems to be a rebirth or revival of ancient Greek and Roman culture, caused by a series of historical events, such as the new discoveries in geography and astrology, the religious reformation and the economic expansion.
Unit 2
Answer
1. The story was based on the experience of a Scottish Sailor named Alexander Selkirk who had been marooned on a desert island off the coast of Chile and lived there in solitude for four or five years. After his return to Europe, his adventures became known. Defoe wrote this novel in the first person singular.
This novel begins w ith Crusoe’s career as a sailor and a merchant, and then as a plantation owner and a slave trader. On a voyage to Africa to buy slaves he meets with the most unfortunate shipwreck. Then he finds himself cast by the sea waves upon the shore of an uninhabited island. He has to state there alone and manage the livelihood for himself. First of all, he gets back some food and clothes, a few guns and some ammunition from the wretched ship. He builds a shelter to protect himself. Then he grows barley and rice, domesticated goats and fight against cannibal savages coming from the neighboring islands, later he saves a savage from death and named him Friday, who becomes his faithful servant. In the hope of returning to Europe, he builds a boat. Finally an English ship comes and takes him back. Thus Robinson Crusoe ends his twenty-eight years’ life in the deserted island.
2. In this novel, Defoe created the image of a true empire-builder, a colonizer and a foreign trader, who has the courage and will to face hardships, and who has determination to preserve himself and improve his livelihood by struggling against nature. There is also a glorification of labor, which enables the hero gradually to produce a favorable condition for himself. His resourcefulness in building a home,
dairy, grape arbor, country house, and goat stable from practically nothing is clearly remarkable, which is applauded by Swiss philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau. This image is a criticism of the lazy and parasitic feudal nobles and a praise of the bourgeois.
3. Though most of his works are written in the picaresque tradition, Defoe is an anti-romantic, anti-feudal realistic writer. His stories are all real concerns of his time: people in their struggle to overcome the natural or social environment. All his works have a very strong verisimilitude. To convince the reader of the truth of his stories, Defoe adopted the autobiographical form and made full use of his long trained journalistic skill by describing things in great detail and by using specific time and space. The following excerpt shows how Robinson makes a raft with concrete description
Defoe’s style is characterized by a plain, smooth, easy, direct, and almost colloquial but never coarse language. His words are much closer to the vernacular of rambling sentences without strong pauses to give his style an urgent, immediate, breathless quality, but the units of meaning are small and clear with frequent repetition so that the writing gives an impression of simple lucidity. In his novels, as in his own life, actions or people in action are stressed; there is not much plot or portrayal of characters, except the exact journalistic account of the daily, trivial happenings. In all, Defoe is not an artist, but he is definitely an excellent storyteller. He is the first important novelist in English literary history with his realistic views on novel writing that has influenced many generations.
4. A
Unit 3 & 4
Answer
1-5 B A A B B 6-7 C B
8.1) we are joyful. We both move and express ourselves freely.
2) It suggests the harmony between man and nature.
3) the tense shifts from past to present and then to future. It suggests the poetic
process from nature to imagination and then to poetic production.
Unit 5 & 6
Answer
CDA
Unit 7 &8
Answer
C C C A B B TTFT
David Copperfield David Copperfield narrates his story as an adult yet relays the impressions he had from a youthful point of view. Readers can see how David’s perception of the world deepens as he comes of age. David, for instance, is ignorant of
St eerforth’s treachery at the beginning, but later readers can feel that David does not think Steerforth deserves David’s adulation. Though David always keeps the virtue of honesty, kindliness, and so on, which are considered as good virtues of human beings, he also has moments of cruelty, like the scene in which he intentionally distresses Mr. Dick by explaining Miss Betsey’s dire situation to him. David, especially as a young man in love, can be foolish and romantic. As he grows up, however, he develops a more mature point of view and searches for a lover who will challenge him and help him grow. David fully matures as an adult when he expresses the sentiment that he values Agnes’s calm tranquility over all else in his life. In a word, in David’s first-person narration, Dickens conveys the wisdom of the older man’s implicitly through the eyes of a child.
Unit 9
Unit 11
Answer
B B C
Unit 14
Answer
D D
Unit 15
Answer
B C