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七年级上册第六章生活中的数据复习题及复习提纲(通用)

七年级上册第六章生活中的数据复习题及复习提纲(通用)
七年级上册第六章生活中的数据复习题及复习提纲(通用)

七年级(上)第六章复习 生活中的数

知识点:

1.认识一百万:①100万粒大米有多重?②100万步有多长?③100万本数学课本摞在一起有多高? 认识百万分之一: 1微米=

(3101-?)毫米=(6101-?)米 1纳米= (9101-?)米

2.科学记数法: 一个大于 10 的数可以表示成 n a 10? 的形式,其中 1≤a < 10,n 是正整数,

这种记数方法叫做科学记数法。

3.精确数----生活中有些数据不是经过估算就能确定的这样的数是较精确的数。

近似数----有些数据需要经过估算才能得到这样的数叫做近似数。 有效数字----对于一个近似数,从左边第一个不为零的数字起,到精确到的数位止,所有的数字 都叫这个近似数的有效数字。

4.取近似数的方法:(1)四舍五入法(2)进一法(3)去尾法

5.取一个数的有效数字的方法:从第一个不为0的数字开始,注意中间的数字,包括0,重复的数字, 末尾的0,都不能漏掉。

6.常用统计图的种类:(1)条形统计图(2)扇形统计图(3)折线统

计图

7.各种统计图的特点:

(1)形统计图:能清楚反映每个项目的具体数目。

(2)扇形统计图:能清楚反映每个项目在总体中占的百分数。

(3)折线统计图:能够清楚反映事物的变化情况。

8.画扇形统计图的步骤:

(1)计算每个部分占总体的百分比;

(2)计算各个扇形的圆心角的度数(扇形圆心角=该部分百分比×360°);

(3)在圆中画出各个扇形并标百分比。

经典精练:

练习1:感受100万的大小 1.一个电脑打字员,每分钟能打200字,则一部100万字的长篇小说,她能否在5天打完100万字? 2.一批货物总质量为12000000㎏,下列运输工具可将其一次运走的是( )

A.一艘万吨级巨轮

B.一辆汽车

C.一辆拖拉机

D.一辆马车 3.若你的步长为0.5m ,则你走100万的行程有( )

A. 5km

B. 50km

C. 500km

D. 5000km 练习2:科学记数法

1.福州地铁将于2014年12月试通车,规划总长约180000米,用科学记数法表示这个总长为( ) A.0.18×106米 B.1.8×106米 C.1.8×105米 D.18×104米

2.比较91002.1?与81098.9?的大小

3.先计算,然后根据计算结果回答问题:

(1)计算:①()()32103101???=

②()()23104102???=

③()()43104103???=

④()()54107105???=

(2)如果式子

()()p n m c b a 101010?=???(其中a 、

b 、

c 都是大于或等于1而小于10的数,m 、n 、 p 都是正整数)成立,试由(1)中计算结果猜想m 、n 、p 之间的关等量系: 。 4.地球上的海洋面积约为3.6亿km 2,大约相当于多少个面积为10km 2的大广场?( ) A.3.6×104 B.3.6×105

C.3.6×106

D.3.6×107 5.已知一块长方形空地,长100000m ,宽10000m ,求长方形的面积 .(用科学记数法表

示) 6.据统计2011年4月28日西安“世园会"开园当天参观人数为5107.2?人,2011年10月22日闭圆当天约有310000人参观,其余时间每天参观人数12万人——18万人之间,请问西安“世园会"开园期间哪天参观人数最多?答: 。 练习3:统计图 1.某校开展形式多样的“阳光体育”活动,七(3)班同学积极响应,全班参与,晶晶绘制了该班同学参加体育项目情况的扇形统计图(如图所示),由图可知参加人数最多的体育项目是( ) A .排球 B .乒乓球 C .篮球 D .跳绳 第1题 第2题

第3题

2.近几年,某市在经济建设中取得

突出成就,2004-2006年三年该市的国内生产总值的和为2200亿元.图甲是这三年该市的国内生产总值的扇形统计图,图乙是这三年该市总人口折线统计图.根据以上信息,下列判断:①2006年该市国内生产总值超过800亿元; ②2006年该市人口的增长率比2005年人口的增长率低; ③2006年比2004年该市人均国内生产总值增加为220037%220029%

455448

??-万元; ④如果2007年该市人口的年增长率与2006年人口的年增长率相同,且人均国内生产总值增长10%,那么2007年全市的国内生产总值将为2200×37%×(1+10%)(1+455451

451

-亿 元.其中正确的只有( )A.①②④ B.①③④ C.②③ D.①③ 3.九年级某班在一次考试中对某道单选题的答题情况如图所示:下列说法错误的是 ( ) A.选A 的人有8人 B.选B 的人有4人C.选C 的人有26人 D.该班共有50人参加考 4.下列四个统计图中,用来表示不

同品种的奶牛的平均产奶量最为合适的是( )

A B C D 5.你的母亲开了一家服装店,专门卖羽绒服,下面是去年一年各月销售情况表: 根据表,回答下列问题: (1)计算去年各季度的销售情况,并用一个适当的统计图表示; (2)计算去年各季度销售量在全年销售总量中所占的百分比,并用适当统计图表示; (3)从这些统计图表中,你能得出什么结论为你母亲今后决策能提供什么有用帮助. 6.为了加强食品安全管理,有关部门对某大型超市的甲、乙两种品牌食 用油共抽取18瓶进行检测,检测结果分成“优秀”、“合格”、“不合格” 三个等级,数据处理后制成以下折线统计图和扇形统计图. ⑴甲、乙两种品牌食用油各被抽取了多少瓶用于检测? ⑵在该超市购买一瓶乙品牌食用油,请估计能买到“优秀”等级的 可能性有多大? 7.如图,反映的是某中学七(3)班学生外出乘车、步行、骑车的人数直方图(部分) 和扇形分布图,则下列说法不正确

的是( )

A.七(3)班外出步行的有8人

B.七(3)班外出的共有40人

C.在扇形统计图中,步行人数所占的圆心角度数为82°

D.若该校七年级外出的学生共有500人,那么估计全年级外出骑车的约150人 第7题 第8题 8.如图是我国2003~2007年粮食产量及其增长速度的统计图,下列说法不正确的是( ) A.这5年中,我国粮食产量先增后减 B.后4年中,我国粮食产量逐年增加 C.这5年中2004年我国粮食产量年增长率最大 D.后4年中2007年我国粮食产量年增长率最小 9.在数据统计中,条形图,扇形图,折线图和直方图各有特点,下列各图中, 能够很好地显示 数据的变化趋势的统计图是

月份

销量(

()

A、 B、

C、 D、

10.某中学开展以“三创一办”为中心,以“校园文明”为主题的手抄报比赛.同学们积极参与,参赛同学每人交了一份得意作品,所有参赛作品均获奖,奖项分为一等奖、二等奖、三等奖和优秀奖,将获奖结果绘制成如下两幅统计图.请你根据图中所给信息解答下列问题:

各奖项人数百分比统计图各项奖人数统计图

提高训练题:

1.用科学记数法表示下列各数:①解放街小学有3800名学生,今组织学生参观科技馆、门票7元,则解放街小学向科技馆支付人民币

__________元.

②某开发区工地有挖掘机26台,如果每台挖掘机每天平均挖土750m3,则12天共挖土______m3.

2.我国有13亿人口,若每人每天节约用水100克,一天共节约

吨3.如图是某公司近三年的资金投放总额与利润率的统计图,根据图中的信息判断:

(1)2001年的利润率比2000年的利润率高2%;(2)2002年的利润率比2001年的利润率高8%;

(3)这三年的利润率为14%;(4)这三年中2002年的利润率最高.其中正确结论共有()

A.1个

B.2个

C.3个

D.4个

4.用科学记数法表示一个11位数,10的指数是__________.

5.2.73×1051是__________位数.

6.一天有8.64×104秒,一年如果按365天计算,用科学记数法表示一年有_______秒.

7.要反映台州市某一周每天的最高气温的变化趋势,宜采用()A.条形统计图 B.扇形统计图C.折线统计图 D.频数分布统计图

8.如图是张亮、李娜两位同学零花钱全学期各项支出的统计图.根据统计图,下列对两位同学购买书籍支出占全学期总支出的百分比作出的判断中,正确的是()

(1)一等奖所占的百分比是______;(2)在此次比赛中,一共收到多少份参赛作品?请将条形统计图补充完整;(3)各奖项获奖学生分别有多少人?

A.张亮的百分比比李娜的百分比大

B.张娜的百分比比张亮的百分比大

C.张亮的百分比与李娜的百分比一

样大D.无法确定

9.据统计某地区共有15万个水龙

头,9万个抽水马桶漏水,如果平均

一个关不紧的水龙头,一年漏掉a

立方米水,一个漏水马桶一年漏掉b

立方米水,求造成的水流失量,每

年为多少立方米.

10.某校组织学生到距离学校6千米

的科技馆去参观,小华因事没能乘

上学校的包车,于是准备在学校门

口改乘出租车去科技馆.出租车收

费标准有两种类型,如下表:

里程 甲类收费(元) 乙类收费(元) 3千米以下(包含3千米) 7.00 6.00

3千米以上,每增加1千米 1.60 1.40 (1)设出租车行驶的里程为x 千米

(x ≥3且x 取正整数),分别写出两

种类型的总收费(用含x 的代数式

表示).

小华身上仅有11元,他乘出租车到

科技馆车费够不够?请说明理由.

一、选择题

1、 科学记数法 a x 10n 中,a 的取

值范围是( )

A 、0<a <10

B .l <a <

10 C 、1≤a <9 D 、1≤

a <9

2、 2001年第一季度我国增值税、

消费税比上一年同期增收了3.07 ×1010元,也就是说增收了( )

A ,30.7亿元

B .307亿元

C .3.07亿元

D .3070亿元 3、假定1千克鸡蛋有16个, 100万个鸡蛋的质量与下面哪一个选项

最接近( )

A 、10个人的质量

B 、10头

牛的质量

C 、1000只鸡

D 、10辆

载重为6吨的货车装满货物的质

4、 近年来国内生产总值增长率的

变化情况如下图,从图上看,下列

结论不正确的是( )

A 、1995-1999年国内生产总值

年增长率逐年减小.

B 、2000年国内生产总值的年增

长率开始回升.

C 、这7年中,每年的国内生产

总值不断增长.

D 、这7年中,每年的国内生产

总值有增有减. 年 份 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 200增长率 12.6% 10.5% 9.6% 8.8% 7.8%

7.1% 8.0

5.3×105,24×102,0. 5×107都是

用科学记数法表示的数.( )

6.银河系的直径约八万光年,用科

学记数法表示为 8 ×104光年,

( )

7.扇形统计图是用圆代表总体,圆

中的各个扇形分别代表总体中的不

同部分( )

8、要清楚地表示出各部分在总体中

所占的百分比,应选择条形统计图

( )

9.要反映太原某日气温的变化情

况,应选择折线统计图( )

三.填空题(每空2分,共18分) 10.我国的历史古迹长城总长约6700000米,用科学记数法来表示______________;

11、用科学记数法表示的数 1×1011原来是__________;

12、一个扇形统计图中,某部分占

总体的百分比为3

2

,则该部分所对

的圆心角为_______

13、6.2.73×1053是__________位数.

14、图1是初一(2)班英语成绩统计图根据图中的数据可以算出,优秀人数占总人数的__________;根据图中的数据画出的扇形统计图中,表示成绩中等的人数的扇形所对的圆心角是__________度

15、图2是光明中学初一(6)班同学参加课外研究性学习小组的情况统计图,从这个图中可知参加

_______小组的人数最多;若这个班共有50人,则参加“科技”小组的同学有_________人;从图中可知,同学们对________学科的知识兴趣

乙、丙、丁所代表的人数。 (2)画出条形统计图.

⑴图中每个小格代表多少分?(2分)

⑵哪门功课的分数最高?哪门功课的分数最低?(6分)

⑶数学比美术高多少分?(3分)

18、小杨一家三人去九寨沟旅游,小杨把旅途的费用支出情况制成了所示的统计图

30%

20%60?120?丁丙甲

⑴哪一部分的费用占整个支出的4

1 ⑵若他们共花费8600元,则在食宿上用去多少元?

⑶这一家往返的路费共多少元?

(12分)

19、某同学就“你对哪些课程非常

感兴趣”在全班进行了调查,语文 英语 数学 其他

54.5% 32.5% 37% 48%

形统计图时,却怎么样也做不出来了,你知道这是为什么?(3分)

一、填空题:

1. 每千克绿豆约18000粒,则100

万粒绿豆约_________千克. 2. 光的速度为每秒30万千米,用

科学记数法表示为每秒_________________米. 3. 折线统计图的特点是

_______________________________________________.

4. ①610=__________万.

54101.3105.2?+?=__________

________.

③一本书大约发行6.5×510万册,改成原数为__________册. 5. 关于调查500名学生在某个问

题上的态度的扇形统计图中,有一部分所在的扇形的圆心角的度数为72°,这一部分的人数为__________人.

6. 一个扇形统计图中,某部分占总体的百分比为13%,则该部分所

对的扇形圆心角为__________. 7. 据测算,我国每天因土地沙漠化

造成的经济损失为1.5亿元,若按一年365天计算,用科学记数法表示我国一年因土地沙漠化造成的经济损失为

____________________元. 8. 计算并把结果用科学记数法表

示:

200035000?-=___________________. 二、选择题:

9. 人体中约有25000000000000个

细胞,也可以说成是( )个

A. 12

10

25? B.

12

10

5.2? C. 13

10

5.2?

D. 14

10

5.2?

10.我国天安门广场有44万平方

米,它的百万分之一大约是

()

A. 一间教室的面积

B. 一块

黑板的面积 C. 一本数学书

的面积 D. 一张讲桌的面积11.我国第一大河流长江全长约

6300千米,用科学记数法表示

是()米

A. 3

10

3.6? B. 6300

C. 6

10

3.6?

D. 6300000

12.甲学校男生占全校学生人数的

60%,乙学校女生占全校学生人

数的40%,

这两所学校中女生人数多的是()

A. 甲学校

B. 乙学校

C. 一样多

D.

无法确定

13.能清楚地反映总体和部分之间

的关系的是()

A. 条形统计图

B. 扇形统

计图 C. 折线统计图

D. 都不对

14.如图12-1所示的世界人口扇形

统计图中,关于中国部分的圆心

角度数是()

A. 68°

B.

70° C. 72°

D. 76°

15.华北某市近几年干旱,市政府采

取各种措施扩大水资源. 图

12-2是该市目前水资源结构扇

形统计图,根据图中圆心角的度

数,计算出黄河水在总供水中所

占的百分比()

A. 54%

B. 60%

C. 64%

D. 74%

16.用科学记数法表示数①3600=36

×3

10,②3×

5

10×5×2

10=15×7

10③

87500=8.75×4

10

④5.3

3500-

=

-×4

10,其中正确的个数有()

A. 1个

B. 2个

C. 3个

D. 4个

17.2003年6月1日,世界上组大

的水利枢纽工程——三峡工程

正式下闸蓄水,水库的容量可达

到393000000000米3. 用科学记

数法表示该水库容量为()

米3.

A. 0.393×12

10 B.

0.393×11

10 C.

3.93×11

10 D.

3.93×12

10

18.生活中,我们对时间很大方,浪

费一秒十几秒是很正常的事.

若每秒时间积累起来是非常大

的时间。你知道1000000秒是

()

A. 约12小时

B. 约12天

C. 约1个月

D. 约9个月

三、解答题:

19.观察图12-3并回答问题:整个

圆表示一个民办学校总人数,A、

B、C、

D分别表示幼儿园、小学、初中、高中人数.

①B、C、D各占学校总人数的百

分比是多少?

②若幼儿园有学生60人,则全

校有学生多少人?

③高中有学生多少人?

20.图12-4是我

校七年级某班

参加兴趣小组

的人数统计

图.

①该班共有多

少人参加兴趣

小组?

②哪个小组人数最多?哪个小

组人数最少?

③根据上面的数据制作统计表;

④由统计表制成扇形统计图.

21.对某中学七(一)

班同学就“父母

回家后,你会主

动给他们倒一杯

水吗?”情况调

查如下:主动倒

水21人,偶尔倒

水27人,不倒水12人.

①计算各种情况的人数所占的

百分比及各个扇形圆心角的度

数;

人数

小提琴绘画围棋书法计算机

图12-4

②制成扇形统计图并标上百分比;

③你认为回家后应该怎么做?

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八年级上英语期末试题 (时间:90分钟总分:100分) 第一部分听力(共20分)略 第二部分基础知识运用 第一节.单项选择题(共10小题,每小题1分,满分10分) ( )1.If you wear jeans to go to the party, the teachers_______. A. don’t let you in B. won’t let you in C. not let you in D. let you not in ( )2.―Can you come to my party this weekend? ―_______ A.I hope so B. Go ahead C. Sure, I’d love to D. You’re welcome ( )3.―_______ cups of yogurt do you need? ―Two. A. How many B. How much C. How often D. How far ( )4.―Will people use money in 100 years? ―_______. A. Yes, they can B. No, they won’t C. Yes, they do D. Yes , they won’t ( )5.―What are going to be when you grow up? ―_______. A. I am a teacher B. I want to be a teacher C. I wanted to be a teacher D. I hope so ( )6.―What do you think of the TV shows? ―_______. A. How wonderful they are! B. I hope to watch it C. I don’t mind it D. I can’t stop laughing ( )7.Yao Ming plays basketball_______ in China. A. better B. the best C. good D. bad ( )8.He is taller than any other_______ in your class. A. students B. student C. them D. us ( )9.―_______ do you go to the doctor? ―Three times a month. A. How soon B. How often C. How long D. How about ( )10.Did you buy_______ in Hainan? A. something special B. special something C. anything special D. special anything 第二节.完形填空(共10小题,每小题1分,满分10分) There is nobody in the world the same 1 you; you are unique (独特唯一的)! Everybody is 2 from everyone else. That is good! 3 it makes the world (世界) an interesting place. There are people taller 4 you, and shorter than you. Maybe your hair is the same color as your friend's hair, but maybe it is longer than 5 . Another difference is your hair may be straight, hers may be curly. I am sure you have some friends who are 6 than you. And you also have some friends, they are as 7 at sports as you. But there are also people around you who are not good at some things. 8 does your best friend look like? Do you both 9 to finish your homework at school? Do you both want to wear the same clothes every day? I think 10 some ways you are the same, but in many other ways you are different. So say loudly to the world, "I am who I am-I'm unique!" ( )1. A. with ( )2. A. better B. as B. different C. of C. smart D. from D. good

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