全国2004年4月高等教育自学考试
英语国家概况试题
课程代码：00522
全部题目用英文作答，否则不计分。
PART ONE (40 POINTS)
I. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question, four suggested answers marked A,B,C and D are given. Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or answers the question. Write the
letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.(40 points,1 point for each)
1. British recorded history begins with the _____ invasion.
A. Roman
B. Viking
C. Anglo-Saxon
D. Norman
2. The Authorized Version of the Bible (published in 1611) was made by _____ command.
A. Edward IV’s
B. James I’s
C. Elizabeth I’s
D. Henry V III’s
3. In the United Kingdom, succession is founded on the _____ principle. Sons of the Sovereign have precedence over daughters in succeeding to the throne.
A. ethical
B. obligation
C. hereditary
D. public relations
4. In the United Kingdom, ministers are appointed by the Queen on the recommendation of _____.
A. the Speaker
B. the Lord Chancellor
C. the Duke of Edinburgh
D. the Prime Minister
5. The most important prehistoric monument of the Iberians was
_____.
A. Maiden Castle in Wiltshire
B. Stonehenge in Wiltshire
C. Avebury in Wiltshire
D. Leeds Castle in Kent
6. The Royal National Eisteddfod is a(n) _____ festival of poetry, music and other arts.
A. English
B. Scottish
C. Welsh
D. Irish
7. In England no females were allowed to vote in national
elections before _____.
A. 1918
B. 1920
C. 1928
D. 1945
8. The English Civil War is generally regarded as the beginning
of modern _____ history.
A. European
B. Scottish
C. Welsh
D. world
9. London’s Metropolitan Police Force is directly under the control of _____.
A. the Home Secretary
B. the Lord Chancellor
C. the Prime Minister
D. the Attorney General
10. During the 1970s Britain began producing petroleum from wells in _____.
A. the Irish Sea
B. the North Sea
C. the Dover Straits
D. the Cambrians
11. The two very important crops in Britain are _____.
A. barley and corn
B. wheat and rice
Chapter 1 land and people are the differences between Britain and the British Isles, Great Britain,England,the United Kingdom and the British Commonwealth The British Isles,Greant Britina and England are geographical names, no the official names of the country,while the official name is the United Kingdom,but the full name is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern British Commonwealth is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britian. the geographical position of Britian Britain is an island country. It lies in the north Atlantic Ocean off the north coast of is separated from the rest of Europe by the English channel in the south and the North Sea in the east. in Great Britain are mostly highland and lowland The north and west of Britain are mainly highland, while the south and south-east are mostly lowlands. Britain have a favourable climate why Yes,it has a favourable climate, because it has a maritime type of climate---winters are mild,not too cold and summers are cool, not too has a steady reliable rainfall throughout the whole has a small range of temperature,too. are the factors which influence the climate in Britain Which part of Britain has the most rainfall and which part is the driest
2014年硕士研究生入学考试自命题考试大纲 考试科目代码：719 考试科目名称：英语综合 一、考试形式与试卷结构 1．试卷分值及考试时长 本试卷满分为150分，考试时长为180分钟。 2．答题方式 答题方式为闭卷，笔试。 3．试卷结构 第一部分: 人文知识 填空题：20道题，每题1分，共计20分。 第二部分: 语言知识 （1）选择填空题：15道题，每题1分，共计15分。 （2）改错题：15道题，每题1分，共计15分。 第三部分：语言技能 （1）阅读理解题：10题，每题2分，共计20分。 （2）翻译题：2道题，每题15分，共计30分。 （3）写作题：2道题，每题25分，共计50分。 二、考试内容与考试要求 1．考试内容 （1）人文知识 主要英语国家的地理、历史、现状、文化传统等。 （2）语言知识： 词汇：词形变化、相似词形、词义辨析、搭配、惯用法等。 语法：动词的时体、语态、名词的数、各种短语、各种复合结构及意义等。 （3）语言技能 阅读：取材自各类英文书籍和主流报刊、各约800个单词的文章2篇，文后各附5个问题，学生根据文章回答问题。 翻译：一段约250个字的中文和一段约250个单词的英文，学生进行英汉互译。 写作：取材自各类英文书籍和主流报刊的、同一主题但视角不同或观点相左的文章2篇，学生写一篇约150个单词的概要并就该主题自拟题目写一篇约700个单词的议论文。 2．考试要求 （1）能比较系统地掌握主要英语国家社会与文化基本知识；
（2）能熟练掌握常用词汇和语法基础知识； （3）能准确理解阅读材料的主旨要义、具体信息、概念性含义，理解字面意义和隐含意义，进行有关的判断、推理和引申，根据上下文推测生词的词义，对所读材料的思想观点、语篇结构、语言特点和修辞手法等进行分析； （4）能够准确理解英、汉两种语言并进行翻译转换； （5）具有较强的英文写作能力，包括语言运用能力、逻辑思维能力、创新思维能力等。 三、参考书目 1．何其莘、（美）童明编：《文化透视英语教程》（1）（2）（3）（4），外语教学与研究出版社，2007年。 2．张汉熙主编：《高级英语》（第1册）（第2册），外语教学与研究出版社，2010年。 3．王恩铭编：《英语国家概况》，上海外语教育出版社，2008年。
惠州市2014届高三模拟考试 英语试题 Ⅰ语言知识及应用(共两节，满分45分) 第一节完形填空(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1~15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Life comes in a package. This package includes happiness and sorrow, failure and success, 1 and despair. Experiences in life 2 us new lessons and make us a better person. With each passing day we learn to 3 various situations. Materialistic happiness is short-lived, but happiness achieved by bringing a smile on others’ face gives a certain level of 4 . Peace of mind is the main link to happiness. No mind is happy without 5 . We 6 the true worth of happiness when we are in sorrow. Sorrow is 7 due to death of a loved one, failure and despair. But these things are 8 and pass away. Failure is the path to 9 . It helps us to touch the sky, teaches us to live and shows us a specific way. Success brings in money, fame, pride and self-respect. Here it becomes very important to keep our head on our shoulder. The only way to show our 10 to God for giving success on us is by being humble,modest and respectful to the less fortunate ones. Hope is what keeps life going. Parents 11 hope their children will do well. Life teaches us not to despair even in the 12 hour. Nothing remains the same in life, and we have only one choice—to keep moving on in life and be 13 . Life teaches us not to __14 over yesterday,for it has passed and is beyond our control.Tomorrow is 15 ,for it could either be bright or dull. So the only alternative is work hard today, so that we will enjoy a better tomorrow. 1. A. love B. hope C. depression D. loss 2. A. help B. care C. teach D. take 3. A. handle B. explain C. share D. design 4. A. amazement B. achievement C. improvement D. movement 5. A. surprise B. belief C. thoughts D. peace 6. A. judge B. develop C. realize D. seek 7. A. personally B. basically C. scarcely D. occasionally 8. A. temporary B. important C. different D. strange 9. A. success B. sorrow C. despair D. pride 10.A. attitude B. prediction C. emotion D. appreciation 11.A. sometimes B. often C. always D. usually 12.A. happiest B. darkest C. brightest D. shortest 13.A. hopeful B. helpful C. thankful D. careful 14.A. forgive B. forget C. hate D. regret 15.A. unimportant B. unfair C. unknown D. unsatisfying 第二节语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为16～25的相应位置上。This was the touching moment when a giraffe bid a sad farewell to a dying worker who had spent
高三英语模拟试题及答案 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话你将听一遍。 1.What does the man want to borrow? A.A pencil. B.An eraser. C.A pen. 2.What is the woman doing now? A.Eating. B.Going home. C.Having group study. 3.What does the man have for earthquake preparation? A.A candle. B.A radio. C.A flashlight. 4.Where does the conversation most probably take place? A.In a bank. B. In a hotel. C.In a store. 5.Where will the man go for his holiday?
A.Brazil. B.Denmark. C. Greece. 第二节 听下面4段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。 6.When does the supermarket close on Sundays? A.At 5:00 pm. B.At 7:00 pm. C. At 8:00 pm. 7.What have the two speakers decided to do now? A.Go shopping. B.Take a walk. C.Have dinner 听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。 8.Why does the man make the call? A.To make a booking. B.To make a suggestion. C.To make an appointment. 9.When will the man return from London? A.On March 10. B. On March 12. C. On March 22.
英语国家概况》期末复习题（含答案） （第I卷客观题共45分） 1. 选择题（共30 分; 每题1 分） U.K. 1. The importance of the British monarchy can be seen in its effect on ___ . D A. passing the bills B. advising the government C. political parties D. public attitude 2. The policies of the Conservative Party in Great Britain are characterized by pragmatism and . D A. government intervention B. nationalization of enterprises C. social reform D. a belief in individualism 3. Oxford University is the oldest university in the English-speaking world. 4. Cabinet members are chosen by ___ in Britain. B A. the monarch B. the Prime Minister C. the Archbishop D. the Lord Chancellor 5. English belongs to the Germanic group of Indo-European family of languages. 6. The Severn River is the longest river in Britain. 7. The following Christmas traditions are particularly British except ___ . A A. Trooping the Color B. Queen 's Christmas message C. Boxing Day D. Christmas pantomime 8. Among Britain q'uaslity press, the following newspapers are regarded as the “ BigThree with the exception of The Observer. 9. In 2012, Britain had a population of about 63 million. 10. The two main islands of the British Isles are Great Britain and Ireland. 11. British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher once said that, “ Britain and tht e dUSntiates will stand side by side ”. 12. The Labor Party affected the British society greatly in that it ___ . A A. set up the National Health Services B. improved public transportation C. abolished the old tax system D. enhanced the economic development 13. Margaret Thatcher go'v s ernment introduced the biggest changes in British economic policy since World War II. 14. Charles Dickens is a representative of English Critical Realism at the turn of the 19 th century. 15. The three principle features of the climate of Britain are the following EXCEPT ___ . C A. the frequent fog in winter B. the large number of rainy days C. extreme coldness even in summer D. changeability all the year round 16. Samuel Johnson 'dsictionary was influential in establishing a standard form of spelling in English. 17. The introduction of Christianity to Britain added the first element of Latin and Greek words to English. 18. __ was not among the four self-governing dominions in the British Empire. C A. Australia B. Canada C. India D. the Union of South Africa 19. Of the following sectors in Britain, service industry has experienced spectacular growth si nee the end of World War II. 20. Cambridge has more Nobel Prize winners than any other institution in Britain.
英语专业考研经验 英语, 考研, 专业, 经验 关于英语专业研究生的准备2008-08-10 22:00 关于英语专业研究生的准备 昨天有个学弟问我关于考研的一些事，考虑到可能还有很多其他英语专业的学弟和学妹们现在正为这个事烦恼，我就在这里笼而统之地说一下关于我们英语专业考研的事，希望对大家有所帮助。 1. 3. 关于着手准备和时间的安排 英语专业的考研其实没有想象中那么难,如果你平时基础不错的话,即便九月份开始也绝对来的及,可是如果一个没有良好的学习习惯的做保障的话,即便从六月开始准备也是不可能考的好的. 关于专业课的准备 其实在考研的过程中,相比复习政治而言,复习专业课算是休息了,每个学校的第年的招生简章里都会对书目有明确的说明,在8月份左右大都会出来. 所以暑假就应该开始看专业课的书目,进行第一遍.这些书你不见得本本都要钻研. 特别是书目较多的时候,有的学校的参考书竟然有十本之多!聪明的选择是问以前考过的学长们那些书要重点看,重点看哪些章节,而且要问近两年考上的,然后做上记号.不要急着开始消化,要搭个架子起来,特别是语言学的一些理论,绝对是熟读多遍,其义自现. 这时候还有一样事情要做,购买历年的试卷,我认为5年以内的绝对有富余,拿到这些卷子你可以选择对照卷子复习,尤其是语言学和文学,也可以等第一遍完成了再用卷子检验自己,查缺补漏.买卷子是很烦人的,要做好心理准备. 如果专业课的书目不太多,很快看完. 那就赶紧看第二遍,但是第二遍得看得慢一些,尽可能理解并记忆,主要精力因该放在基础英语上面,(不考基础英语的除外) 参照自己学校的卷子,有词汇题考察的大部分是来自GRE词汇，以广外为首，该怎么做自己知道吧，GRE 词汇书书店里都有.也有一些学校德词汇题不太难，就只做中国石化出版社的 <基础英语真题解析>里面的题目就够了.里面有差不多几十个学校的真题,词汇部分各种词汇题型都有.说到这本书,虽说大体很好,但是也有些小瑕疵.比如有些试题只有答案没有解析,还有些答案给的有些马虎,不过是少数情况,我建议如果有新版的就买新版的,因为新版里可能会添加多一些学校的卷子,答案也会完善些. 有人很强调语感在考试中的作用，的确，语感很重要，很多学姐推荐张汉熙的<高级英语>,我个人觉得其实<新编英语教程>4和5也很不错. 如果有学校专门要考翻译写作的,那一定要看张培基的<现代散文选>,也有人说<散文108篇>好,我意见张的那本更好些, 后面那一本是译林出版社出的,字印的小,看几天也动不了几面,自信心极度受挫,不过好像也有别的版本,字印的不那么小.不论哪本书选一套就好,必须自己翻译,不要只是看,不然
资阳市高中2014级高考模拟考试 英语 本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第Ⅰ卷 注意事项： 1.答第Ⅰ卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号填写在答题卡上。 2.选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案。不能答在试题卷上，否则无效。 第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where will the woman probably go first? A. To the airport. B. To the school. C. To the bookstore. 2. When is the game due to finish? A. At 2:20. B. At 2:40. C. At 3:00. 3. Why was the man late? A. He got up late. B. He got on the wrong bus. C. He got caught in a heavy traffic. 4. What does the woman think of the movie? A. It’s disappointing. B. It’s just so-so. C. It’s enjoyable. 5. How will the man get to the station? A. By bus. B. By car. C. By train. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。 6. When will the concert be held?
高三英语模拟试题 （满分135分，考试时间120分钟） 一、语言知识及应用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节完型填空（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1---15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。 Exam anxiety is something that almost every person experiences during his or her student life. Little anxiety actually helps one __(1)__ and work hard for the exams. However, if students spend all their time in feeling __(2)__ , a lot of valuable study time would be lost. In this competitive world, __(3)__ cause a lot of nervousness in students. For some, exam anxiety encourages them to work hard, while for others it may be the root cause for poor performance, leading to academic __(4)__ and lack of confidence. In fact, some students are anxious by nature and easily get nervous when they face a(n) ___(5)___ situation. They will think __(6)__ even if they have prepared well. They fear that they may __(7)__ what they have studied, and when it is too much, their __(8)__ is likely to come true. One of the most important methods of __(9)__ exam anxiety is to prepare well in advance. Studying regularly for a few hours every day helps increase the __(10)__ of students. If students are not able to handle anxiety or nervousness, they could talk to their teachers, parents, friends or instructors. __(11)__ should also avoid giving pressure to their kids to do well. Creating a peaceful and __(12)__ atmosphere at home can be greatly helpful. To __(13)__ and sleep properly is also important. Students tend to avoid sleep and starve themselves due to anxiety, but it is __(14)__ to their academic performance and health. It’s better that students should plan their time well and take proper breaks between studying. They should always remember to set aside some time for their __(15)__ since some entertainment helps them relax and concentrate. 1. A. concentrate B. relax C. succeed D. experience 2. A. curious B. confident C. anxious D. calm 3. A. plans B. breaks C. jobs D. exams 4. A. failure B. achievement C, preparation D. performance 5. A. peaceful B. stressful C. natural D. avoidable 6. A. positively B. confidently C. intentionally D. negatively 7. A. remember B. forget C. learn D. lose 8. A. fear B. dream C.experience D. competition 9. A. increase B. feeling C. avoiding D. creating 10. A. relaxation B. pressure C. nervousness D. confidence 11. A. Teachers B. Parents C. Friends D. Instructor 12. A. relaxing B. exciting C. depressing D. worrying 13. A. learn B. play C. rest D. eat 14. A. helpful B. harmful C. important D. useless 15. A. studies B. situations C. hobbies D. meals 第二节语法填空（共10题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
《英语国家概况》补充材料 A：名词解释补充 The Pilgrim Fathers（英国清教徒）: This is given to those members who made the first crossing on the famous Mayflower, which landed at Plymouth harbor in December 1620. Jacksonian democracy（杰克森式民主）:It is used in American politics to describe the period when the “common man” participated in the government, occurring after Jeffersonian democracy. The Progressive Movement（革新运动）:It was a reform movement that reached its height in the early 20th century. This arose as a response to the vast changes brought by industrialization. The Union Flag（英国国旗）:Also known as the Union Jack. It is the national flag of the UK. It symbolizes the 4 administrative nations, the England, Scotland, Wales and the Northern Ireland. The red cross stands for England, the diagonal Red Cross stands for Ireland and the diagonal white cross stands for Scotland. British Commonwealth（英联邦）:Also known as the Commonwealth of Nations. It includes the UK and the 40 or so former British colonies that are now sovereign states. It was formally established in 1931. European Union（欧盟）:It is an economic and political union established in 1993. The establishment of the European Union expanded the political scope of the European Economic, especially in the area of foreign and security policies, and provided for the creation of a central European bank and the adoption of a common currency. Domesday Book（末日审判书）: The written record of a census and survey of English landowners and their property made by order of William the Conqueror in 1085-1086. Stonehenge（巨石阵）:A group of standing stones on a plain in the southern England. The arrangement of the stones suggests that it was used as a religious center and also as an astronomical observatory. Julius Caesar（凯撒大帝）:He is a roman general, statesman and historian. He invaded British, conquered the army of his political enemy Pompey, and pursued other enemies to Egypt. He returned to Rome, and was given a order by the people to rule as dictator until he was murdered. Protestantism（新教）: One of the 3 major branches of Christianity, originating in the 16th century Reformation in Europe. Margaret Thatcher（撒切尔夫人）: She is the first British female Prime Minister who held the office of PM Longer than anyone else in the 20th century. She was elected in 1979, shored up a Conservative-led government, favored privatization plans. Her nickname is “The Iron Lady”; she was elected to three consecutive terms and resigned in1990 Keynesian（凯恩斯主义）: The economic theories of economist Keynes, who advocate government monetary and fiscal programs, designed to increase employment and stimulate business activity. Westminster Abbey（威斯敏斯特教堂）:A famous church located in London, where English monarchs are crowned and distinguished English subjects are buried. The Poets’ Corner conta ins the graves of great English writers. Grammar school: Originally meant to educate the young in Latin grammar and that of another European language. These schools in modern UK are intended to teach a highly academic class and teach students to deal with abstract concepts. The American Revolution（独立战争）: Also known as the War of Independence, it began in 1775 and ended in 1783. It ended 2 centuries of British rule for most of the North American colonies and created the United States of America.
英语国家概况 名词解释 1. The civil rights movement (1955–1968) refers to the reform movements in the United States aimed at abolishing racial discrimination against African Americans and restoring suffrage in Southern states. 2. A federal system A federal system is one in which power is shared between a central authority and its constituent parts with some rights reserved to each. 3. King Arthur It is said that he was the King of England in the 5th century and united the British and drove the Saxons back with his magical sword, Excalibur. His real existence is in doubt. He is the central figure of many legends. 4. The Anglo-Saxons They were two groups of Germanic peoples who settled down in England from the 5th century. They were regarded as the ancestors of the English and the founders of England. 5. Riverdance Riverdance is a very popular form of dancing based on I reland’s intricate folk dances which are rearranged and modernized and adapted onto current stage performance. Dancing is traditionally part of Irish culture. It is usually accompanied by the Irish pipe and fiddle. The music usually sounds fast and furious. Most of the action is from the waist down, with the arms held rigidly at the sides. 6. The House of Commons The House of Commons is the real centre of British political life because it is the place where about 650 elected representatives (Members of Parliament) make and debate policy. These MPs are elected in the General Elections and should represent the interests of people who vote for them. 7. The Commonwealth It is a voluntary association of states which is made up of Britain and mostly of former British colonies. There are 54 members of the Commonwealth including one currently suspended member: many of these are developing countries like India and Cyprus; others are developed nations like Australia, Canada and New Zealand. The Commonwealth was set up as a forum for continued cooperation and as a sort of support network. 8. Maoritanga Maoritanga means ―Maori culture‖. It refers to all the elements of the rich cultural heritage of the indigenous people in New Zealand, including their language, customs and traditions. 9. The “Washminster” form polity The ―Washminster‖form of polity is adopted by the Australian government. It is a mixture of the US Washington system of government and the British Westminster system. This means that the political