2013级学位英语复习资料

2013学位英语复习要点2013学位英语复习要点：the+形容词/过去分词作主语的主谓一致五、“the＋形容词/过去分词”作主语时的主谓一致当“the ＋形容词/ 过去分词”表示一类人或事物时，谓语动词用复数；如果指某一抽象概念时，谓语动词则用单数。

如：①The sick here are very well cared for.这里的病人都被照顾得很好。

③The true is to be distinguished from the false.真实与虚假应加以区别。

2013学位外语复习要点：全体、部分等意义词作主语的主谓一致四、表示“全体”、“部分”等意义的词作主语时的主谓一致1.当主语是most，the rest，the last，the remainder等时，其谓语一般应遵循意义一致的原则如果of后面的名词是单数，则用单数；如果of后面的名词表示复数，则用复数。

如：Three of us will go，the rest are to stay here.我们中的三个人去，其余的人留在这里。

②After the big fire，the remainder is nothing.大火之后什么也没剩下。

2.当town，school，village 等分别表示总称的“镇民”、“全校师生”、“村民”时，谓语动词可以用单数，也可以用复数。

有时可用the 或加形容词whole修饰。

如：①The whole school were / was sorry when she left.她离开时，全校师生都很伤心。

②The whole town is / are in agreement about the plan.全体镇民都同意这项计划。

2013学位外语复习要点：one of ＋复数名词＋定语从句的主谓一致九、“one of ＋复数名词＋定语从句” 结构中的主谓一致1.在“one of ＋复数名词＋定语从句” 结构中，定语从句中谓语动词的单复数应由它修饰的先行词的数来决定。

虚拟语气虚拟语气是一种动词形式，表示说话人的一种愿望，假设，怀疑，猜测，建议等含义，虚拟语气所表示的含义不是客观存在的事实。

If I were you, I'd take them away. 如果我是你的话，我就会带走他们。

If I had met Li Hua, I could had told him. 如果我碰见了李华，我就告诉他了。

If I had time, I could come to help you. 如果我有时间，我会来帮助你的。

He suggested that our class should be divided into five groups. 他建议说我们的班应该分成五个小组。

He speaks to us as if he had been there. 他给我们讲的好象他去过那儿。

虚拟(条件)语气中，主句与从句中谓语动词的形式可分为下面四类虚拟语气的用法1) 虚拟语气用在简单句中，表示祝愿，命令。

May you be happy. 祝你幸福。

May you have a good time. 祝愿你玩的痛快。

May the friendship between us last long. 祝愿我们的友情天长地久。

Have a good journey! 祝愿你旅途愉快！You go out！你出去！2) 虚拟语气用在宾语从句中。

动词wish, suggest, order, insist, propose, advice,maintain, suggest (建议), recommend (推荐), advise (劝告), propose (建议)insist (坚持), consent (允诺) decide (决定), order (命令)request (要求), demand (要求), desire (期望), ask (要求)maintain (主张), urge (催促) “should+动词原形”等词后面的宾语从句表示的是一种虚拟语气，宾语从句中的动词动作表示的只是一种愿望、要求。

北京城市学院学位英语考试题库2013级本科大学英语6卷Part I Listening Comprehension （共35分）Section A:Short Conversations （每小题0.5分，共5分）Directions:In this section,you are going to hear ten short conversations.Both the conversations and the questions will be spoken only ONCE.After each conversation a question will be asked about what you’ve heard.Choose the correct answers to the questions you hear.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡上作答。

1.A.The tuition of private universities in the U.S.is quite high.B.Money is the top priority if you want to study in Australia.C.The prices of graduate study in the U.S.have no differences.D.American universities offer high-quality education since they are expensive.2.A.They are discussing the properties they have before marriage.B.They are discussing how much they love each other.C.They are discussing whether to make an agreement on their respective properties before getting married.D.They are discussing whether the woman is marrying the man for the money he has.3.A.The woman is not strong enough to carry ten books around.B.The woman will do some research for her graduate paper.C.Nobody use paper books any longer because E-books are much better in every respect.D.E-books are convenient to download and light to carry around.4.A.All the Chinese books have the “c”mark wrapped in a circle.B.A tiny “c”wrapped in a circle indicates that the writer’s copyright is protected by the law.C.The mark “c”wrapped in a circle is often on the front cover of the book.D.With the tiny mark,the book owner has the right to sell or make copies of the book.5.A.V ocational education is more important than others in any country.B.China’s education must be divided into four categories.C.Elementary education and higher education are the most important in China.D.There are different standards when categorizing education in China.得分6.A.They refer to environmental pollution,traffic congestion,and a shortage ofresources.B.They refer to the rapidly growing populations.C.They refer to the social problems caused by a rapidly growing populations.D.They refer to the illness suffered by urban people.7.A.The woman is complaining about her low salary.B.The woman would love to draw a portrait for her boss.C.Outsider artists are those who can make brilliant works from pure and realcreative forces.D.Formal training is the key for all the artists to become successful.8.A.Smoking and unhealthy eating habits are closely related to heart attacks.B.The woman’s father must be a heavy smoker and have an unhealthy diet.C.The woman’s father will have a heart operation again later this year.D.It’s common to have a heart attack again after the heart operation.9.A.He refuses to use a hand-free device.B.He agrees with his mother and will not use cell phones any more.C.He doesn’t believe that cell phone signals could cause serious health problems.D.He is terribly scared by his mother’s words that cell phone signals can causebrain cancer.10.A.The waterfalls are made from industrial materials.B.Visitors can appreciate the waterfalls from the distance by sitting in the park.C.The waterfalls are amazing because they are totally natural.D.Visitors can take a boat trip to have a closer look at the waterfalls.Section B:Long Conversations（每小题1分，共10分）Conversation1Directions:In this section you’ll hear a long conversation.At the end of the conversation,five questions will be asked about what was said.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only ONCE.After each question there will be a pause.During the pause,you must read the four choices marked A,B,C,and D,and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Questions11to15are based on the conversation you just heard.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡上作答。

GENERAL ENGLISH QUALIFYING TESTFOR NON-ENGLISH MAJOR GRADUATE STUDENTS(GETJUN1613)考生注意事项一、本考试由两份试卷组成：试卷一（Paper One）包括听力理解、词汇、完形填空与阅读理解四部分，工80题，按顺序统一编号；试卷二（Paper Two）包括翻译和写作两部分，共3题。

此外，试卷分A卷和B卷，请考生注意在机读卡上标出自己的试卷类型。

二、试卷一（题号1-80）为客观评分题（听力Section C部分除外），答案一律用2B铅笔做在机读答题纸上，在对应题号下所选的字母中间划黑道，如[A][B][C][D]。

三、试卷二为主观评分题，答案做在ANSWER SHEET Ⅱ上。

答题前，请仔细阅读试卷二的注意事项。

四、试卷一、试卷二上均不得作任何记号（听力Section C部分除外），答案一律写在答题纸上，否则无效。

五、本考试全部时间为150分钟，采用试卷一与试卷二分卷计时的方法。

试卷一考试时间为90分钟，听力理解部分以放完录音带为准，大约25分钟；其余部分共计时65分钟，每部分所占时间均标在试卷上，考生可自行掌握。

试卷二共计时60分钟，每部分所占时间均标在试卷上，考生可自行掌握。

六、试卷一与试卷二采取分别收卷的方法。

每次终了时间一到，考生一律停笔，等候监考教师收点试卷及答题纸。

全部考试结束后，须待监考教师将全部试卷及答题纸收点无误并宣布本考试结束，方可离开考场。

PAPER ONEPART ІLISTENING COMPREHENSION(25minutes,20 points)Section A(1 point each)Direction:In this section,you will hear nine short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation a question will be askedabout what was said. The conversation and the questions will beread only once. Choose the best answer from the four choices given bymarking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the squarebrackets on your machine-scored Answer Sheet.1. A. The manager will make things difficult for Jake.B. The manager will dismiss Jake from his position.C. The manager will make Jake work overnight.D. The manager will ask Jake to leave.2. A. He is quite interested in fashion.B. He is very strict with his son.C. He serves as a good example for his son.D. He depends on his son for a living.3. A. She will go if it doesn’t rain.B. She will go if sha has time.C. She will go if she has enough time.D. She will go regardless of the weather.4. A. The author’s point of view is ambiguous.B. The woman didn’t understand the book correctly.C. The woman should read the book again and again.D. The author of the book is a great thinker,5. A. The girl used to be his best friend.B. He has never heard that name before.C. That name sounds familiar.D. It reminds him of someone with that name.6. A. It is no use worrying about it.B. It is too late to worry about it.C. It is too early to worry about it.D. It will be the best result ever.7. A. Stock trading is highly risky.B. Stock trading is very interesting.C. Stock trading is easy if you know how.D. Stock trading is not so easy as the man thinking.8. A. He was in a difficult situation.B. He was fired by his boss.C. He didn’t like the committee from the beginning.D. He didn’t resign from the committee at all.9. A. Mike didn’t say anything bad about the man.B. Mike has said something bad about the man.C. The man’s feeling are not reliable.D. The man doesn’t have sufficient evidence.Section B(1 point each)Direction:In this section,you will hear two mini-talks. At the end of each talk,there will be some questions. Both the talks and the questions will beread to you only once. After each question, there will be a pause. Duringthe pause, you must choose the best answer from the four choices givenby marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the squarebrackets on your machine-scored Answer Sheet.Mini-talk one10. A. Causes of poverty in many developing countries.B. Lack of basic education in many developing countries.C. Important skills to be learned in developing countries.D. Effective methods of teaching in developing countries.11. A. One in two.B. One in four.C. One in five.D. One in eight.12. A. Receiving education in cities.B. Going to schools far from home.C. Learning through TV or computers.D. Going to boarding schools.Mini-talk Two13. A. It was pessimistic. B. It was optimistic.C. It was worrisome.D. It was startling.14. A. It was on the rise. B. It was on the decline.C. It remained unchanged.D. It was hard to estimate.15. A. 20% of all deaths. B. 25% of all deaths.C. Almost one million.D. Nearly 1.2 million.Section C (1 point each)Directions: In this section you will hear a shot lection.. Listen to the recording and complete the notes about the lecture. You will hear the recording twice.After the recording you are asked to write down your answers on theAnswer Sheet. You now have 25 seconds to read the notes below.(请在录音结束后把16-20题的答案抄写在答题纸上)16. The aim of the IB programs is to help the students develop the shills to live, learnand work in a _______________(two words) world.17. High school students have to _______________(three words), pass exams andwrite a twenty-page paper to earn an IB diploma.18. These IB diploma students can also attend _____________(two words).19. The conference was meant as a way for students not only to learn about theenvironment, but also to develop_____________(two words).20. The 17-yesr-old student said they had to ________________(three words) topresent to the conference.PART ⅡVOCABULARY (10 minutes,10 points)Section A (0.5 point each)Directions: There are ten questions in this section. Each question is a sentence with one word or phrase underlined. Below the sentence are four words orphrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase that is closestin meaning to the underlined one. Mark the corresponding letter with asingle bar across the square brackets on your machine-scored AnswerSheet.21. When George H.W Bush graduated from Yale in 1948, most assumed he would head to Wall Street.A. excel inB. mark forC. compete againstD. dispose of22. What I did for Mother that day was small, but it helped deepen the special bond between us.A. tieB. rivalryC. collaborationD. barrier23. Once these people seize power, they will abuse it, casting aside their beliefs and brutalizing their fellow citizens.A. innovatingB. reinforcingC. advocatingD. discarding24. Smith and I studies under the same supervisor, worked together, and forged a lifelong friendship.A. assessedB. pledgedC. producedD. dispersed25. It is extremely difficult or even impossible to work out the risk of occasional passive smoking.A. calculateB. exerciseC. eliminateD. convert26. The analyst warns investors that an appealing idea does not necessarily make for a good fund.A. abundantB. apparentC. attractiveD. acute27. Psychologists have stated that negative thinking can consume your life and cause problems.A. optimisticB. patriotismC. heroismD. pessimism28. The levels of PM2.5 in Beijing are by far the worst since the government began releasing figures on PM2.5 particles.A. by a considerable marginB. until the present momentC. over a large areaD. according to most people29. Those who are motivated tend to have clear goals and persist in the face of defeat or failure.A. by means ofB. in spite ofC. for the sake ofD. on account of30. New European legislation will come into effect shortly regarding the equal treatment of men and women in insurance.A. brieflyB. abruptlyC. soonD. closely Section B (0.5 point each)Directions: There are ten questions in this section. Each question is a sentence with something missing. Below each sentence are four words or phrasesmarked A, B, C and D.Choose one word or phrase that best completes thesentence. Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across thesquare brackets on your machine-scored Answer Sheet.31. It seems that countries with the highest regular chocolate intake per person have a________ greater number of Nobel Prize winners.A. proportionallyB. psychologicallyC. previouslyD. purposefully32. Concerned about the future of the country, the new president had a clear_______of where to lead it.A. fantasyB. visionC. imageD. recollection33.PM2.5 particles are thought particularly damaging to health because they can_______deep into the lungs.A. diveB. penetrateC. elevateD. dig34. Pets are __________ providing not only companionship to humans, but healthbenefits to many as well.A. accused ofB. ascribed toC. prohibited fromD. credited with35. Heavy __________ to environmental tobacco smoke at work has been shown todouble the risk of lung cancer.A. touchB. contactC. exposureD. encounter36. If you’re making a conscious effort to ___________ lies, experts su ggest seekinglike-minded, honest folk.A. cut back onB. be crazy aboutC. look up toD. get down to37. Doctors and researchers have to keep themselves __________ on the latestdevelopments in their sphere of study.A. convincedB. isolatedC. humiliatedD. updated38. Although a man of _________ birth, Abraham Lincoln managed to be one of thegreatest presidents in American history.A. humbleB. nobleC. feebleD. edible39. The plot of some TV series focusing on military intelligence collection is________ complicated _________ almost defy belief.A. so...thatB. too...toC. so...as toD. such...as40. The Bush administration lifted sanctions on Pakistan and helped fundcounter-terrorism operations ____________ her cooperation.A. in the eyes ofB. in comparison withC. in regard toD. in return forPART III CLOZE TEST (10 minutes,10 points,1 point each)Directions: There are 10 questions in this part of the test. Read the passage through.Then, go back and choose one suitable word or phrase marked A, B, C, orD for each blank in the passage. Mark the corresponding letter of theword or phrase you have chosen with a single bar across thesquare brackets on your machine-scored Answer Sheet.There are two primary causea of traffic accidents,those that are caused by the driver and those that are environmental and outside the driver’s control.__41_environmental issues like weather or poor road maintenance may cause an accident,statistically these are far less likely to do so.Driver distractions prove to be the main cause of accidents. The most__42_distractions are looking at traffic,crashes and roadside incidents. While it is widely believed that cell phones are a greater cause, cell phones only _43__ sixth on the list. __44__,laws to limit cell phone use while driving do not decrease accidents. Hands_free phones are_45__than hand-held devices.Alcohol was a factor in at least 41 percent of all fatal crashes.Alcohol _46__affects vision,reaction time and attention of the driver,and decreases overall driving performance.Fatigue_47__100,000 vehicle crashes per year,killing_48__1,500 people and injuring 71,000 people. Accidents caused by fatigue are particularly__49__for truck dirvers and others taking long-haul driving trips. Speeding is another major cause of traffic accidents,particularly for younger or newerdrivers.Teens are more likely to speed,and among male drivers aged 15 to 20 who were __50_ a fatal crash in 2005,37 percent were speeding at the time of the crash.41. A. Because B. If C. While D. However42. A. disruptive B. constructive C. instructive D. descriptive43. A. come across B. come on C. come about D. come in44. A. Even so B. In fact C. By contrast D. For example45. A. no longer safe B. not so safe C. more safe D. no more safe46. A. adversely B. favorably C. scarcely D. affectionately47. A. stands for B. runs for C. accounts for D. compensates for48. A. as much as B. as long as C. as soon as D. as many as49. A. rare B. prevalent C. populous D. necessary50. A. lost in B. situated in C. involved in D. indulged in Part IV Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part of the test.There are five short passages.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage OneThe scandal at Harvard university in which authorities are investigating whether nearly half of a class of 279 students cheated on a take-home final exam raises a number of questions, including this : Does everybody cheat?Dozens of Harvard university students may have wrongly shared answers on a final exam, an “unprecedented” care of suspected academic dishonesty. Sanction for students found guilty of cheating include leaving Harvard for a year.Harvard, like most U.S. colleges and universities, has never had an honor code, although the Associated Press reports that it is giving “renewed consideration” to the ideas as a result of the scandal.So, does everybody cheat?Not quite, but studies show that most students cheat at one time or another.A survey of 40,000 high school students found that more than half of teenagers said they had cheated on a test in the previous year, and 34 percent said they had done it more than twice. One-third of the students said that they had plagiarized an assignment with the help of the Internet.The consequences for the country may be significant. A 2009 study about the relationship between high school attitudes and behavior and later adult conduct found that people who cheated on the exams in high school two or more times are more likely to be dishonest later in life than those who never cheated in high school.Meanwhile, we’ve seen successive scandals inv olving cheating by the adults in school-teachers and principals-as a result of the growing importance of standardized tests. As the stakes associated with the scores have risen-the tests are used to gauge not only student achievement, but also teacher effectiveness, school and district quality-more people have taken desperate measures to ensure better scores. Not an excuse, just an explanation.Modern technology makes cheating much easier. Cheating cases have been documented in 30 states over the past three academic years. Some students, including those at virtual schools, sometimes put entire quizzes on the Internet, and the same exams are used repeatedly by teachers.Back at Harvard, a culture of cheating persists. “There’s a lot of pressure internally and externally to succeed at Harvard, and when kids who are not used to failing feel these things, it can really bend their ethics in ways I didn’t expect to see,” author Eric Kester told ABC News.51. The word “unprecedented” is used in Paragraph Two to emph asize that ______.A. there had never been any cheating at Harvard beforeB. such cases of cheating had been left unreported by the mediaC. such large-scale cheating was something unheard of at HarvardD. the causes of these cases of cheating had remained a mystery52.An honor code is probably ________.A. a person who decides on the penalty to an offenderB. a set of rules or principles to deter academic dishonestyC. a series of codes for various test papers at schoolD. a role model well-known for his honesty and diligence53.The survey of 40,000 high schools found that ________.A. The majority of these teenagers had cheated on many testsB. one in three students had cheated on only one testC. at least half of these students had committed cheatingD. all these teenagers had cheated with the help of Internet54.According to the 2009 study, cheating on a test in high school ________.A. leaves one prone to major crimes in adulthoodB. increases the chance of dishonesty in later lifeC. has no effect on one’s behavior in adulthoodD. is no longer regarded as shameful in adulthood55.Which of the following is true about teachers and principals according to this passage?A. They can benefit from high scores of students.B. They seldom punish the offenders on a test.C. They are reluctant to become more effective.D. They have never used standardized tests.56.The central idea of this passage is that ________.A. students at Harvard are under great pressureB. cheating has negative impact on one’s careerC. high schools and colleges encourage cheatingD. cheating is quite universal and commonplacePassage TwoThe digital attack of e-books and Amazon-styles e-tailers has put bookstores at risk. Digital books are expected to outsell print titles by 2015 in Britain and even sooner in America.with this change, physical bookstores appear to be on borrowed time. So, what is the future of the bookstore? This is a burning question on everyone’s lips at a recent event at Foyles’s flagship bookstore in London.To remain successful, a bookstore must improve “the experiments of buying books,” says Alex Lifschutz, an architect. He suggests an array of approaches:“small ,quiet spaces sheltered with books; Larger spaces where one can dwell and read;other larger but still intimate spaces where one can hear talks from authors about books.”Exteriors must buzz with activity;entrances must be full of eye-catching presentations.The trend for not only incorporating cafes in bookstores but also placing them on the top floor makes good sense.This draws shoppers upwards floor-by-floor ,which is bound to encourage people to linger longer and spend more.There are plenty of ways to delight customers.The consensus is that bookstores need to become cultural destinations where people are prepared to pay good money to hear a concert,see a film or attend a talk.The programming will have to be intelligent and the space comfortable.As shoppers often browse in shops only to buy online later,some wonder whether it makes sense to charge people for the privilege.A more attractive idea might be a membership scheme like those offered by museums and other cultural venues.Unlike rewawd cards,which offer discounts and other nominal benefits,a club membership could provide priority access to events and a private lounge where members can eat,drink and meet authors before events.Different memberships could tailor to the needs of children and students.To survive and thrive,bookstores should celebrate the book in all its forms:rare,second-hand,digital,self-printed and so on.Reaaders should have the option of buying e-books in-store,and budding authors should have access to self-pringting book machines,an important source of revenue in America.The bookstore of the future will have to work hard.Service will be knowledgeable and personalized,the inventory expertly selected,spaces well-designed and the culturalenents appealing.Whether bookstores are up to the challenge is not clear.The fate of these stores is a cliff-hanger.57. The first paragraph implies that without effective countermeasures .A.books on physics will die out soonB.traditional bookstores will be short-livedC.no bookstores can survive digitalizationD.printed books will outnumber e-books58. The main idea of the second paragraph is that .A.the layout and atmosphere will be vital for bookstoresB.advertising is critical to sales at future bookstoresC.future bookstores should provide quick servicesD.bookstores should provide dringks on each floor59.All of the following are approaches suggested to boost sales EXCEPT .A.making bookstores recreationalB.adopting the membership schemeC.issuing reward cards to customersD.widening the range of services60. The underlined word “celebrate” as is used in this passage probably means _____________memorateB. observeC.spendD.embrace61. The last paragraph of this passage is concerned with __________A.the easily achievable goal of future bookstoresB.current difficulties facing bookstoresC.great opportunities for various bookstoresD.challenges facing bookstores of the future62. This passage can be entitledA.E--Publish or PerishB.The Future of the BookstoreC.Lower Value of Physical BooksD.Never Too Old to ReadPASSAGE THREEEveryone knows about straight--A students . They get high grades , all right , but only by becoming dull and diligent students , their noses always stuck in a book . How , then , do we account for Paul Melendres ? Melendres , now a freshman at the University of New Mexico , was student---body president at Valley High School in Albuquerque . He joined the soccer and basketball teams of this school , exhibited at the science fair , was chosen foe the National Honor Society and he achieved straight A’s in all his classes ..How do super--achievers like Melendres do it ? Brains are not the only answer .”Top grades do not always go to the brightest students , “declares Herbert Walberg , professor of education at the University of Illinois at Chicago , who has conducted major studies of e super--achieving students . ‘Knowing how to make the most of your innate abilities counts for more . Infinitely more .”Hard work is not the whole story , e ither. “It is not how long you sit there with the books open ,” said one of mang many A students we interviewed . “ It is what you do while you aer sitting .” Indeed , some of these students actually put in fewer hours of homework time than their lower--scoring classmates .The kids at the top of the class get there by masting a few basic techniques that others can readily learn .Set priorities .Top students brook no intrusions on study time . Once the books are open or the computer is booted up , phone calls go unanswered , TV shows unwatched , snacks ignored . Study is business : business comes before recreation .Study anywhere---or everywhere. A cross---country runner who worked out every day used the time to memorize biology terms . Another student posted a vocabulary list by the medicine cabinet and learned a new word every day while brushing his teeth.Get organized.In high school,McCray ran track,played rugby and was in the band and orchestra.”I was so busy,I couldn’t waste time loo king for a pencil or missing paper.I kept everything right where I could put my hands on it,”he says.Among the students we interviewed,study times were strictly a matter of personalpreference.Some worked late at night when the house was quiet.Others awoke early.Still others studied as soon as they came home from school when the work was fresh in their minds.All agreed,however,on the need for consistency.63. Which of the following statements might Herbert Walberg agree with?A.A super-achiever has to devote all his spare time to studyB. High IQ alone may not be the guarantee of top gradesC.Innate abilities do not make much difference to your gradesD.The brighter the students,the greater their chances of success64. In paragraph Three,the author stresses the importance of .A.disciplineB.practiceC.carefulnessD.efficiency65. ”Top students brook no intrusions on study time.”(Para.5) means that they ________ .A.consider study nore important than anything elseB.never ask any questions while studyingC.don’t allow other things to interrupt their studyD.don’t want other people to tell them how to study66. What tips might McCray offer to other students?A.Study anywhere at any timeB.Learn as much as you canC.Put things in their right placesD.Join a school organization67. What can we learn about study times from the last paragraph?A.Study times can be adjusted every dayB.Study times vary from person to personC.There are no best study times for a student.D.Study times are crucial for academic excellence.68. What is the topic of the passage?A.Secrets of top sudentsB.Balacing study and playC.Hard work in high schoolsD.Grades and educationsPassage FourCleaning clothes usually requires soap and water to remove srains and smells,and a tumble in the dryer or an afternoon on the clothesline to dry.The time and energy needed to turn a heap of dirty laundry into a pile of clean clothes might make people wish for clothes that just clean themselves.That wish is a step closer to coming true.Recent experiments show that cotton fabric coated with the right mixture of chemicals can dissolve stains and remove odors after only a few hours in the sun.”The technology can be applied to all kinds of fabrics and their related products,”says materials scientist Mingce Long.He helped develop the treated cotton with his colleague Deyong Wu.The handy fabric gets its self-cleaning abilities from a chemical mixture that coats the cotton threads.The coating includes substances known as photocatalysts,which trigger chemical ractions in light,One of those photocatalysts,called titanium dioxide （二氧化钛），helps sunscreen block the sun.Another,called silver iodide(碘化银)，is used for developing photographs.Researches have previously shown that titanium dioxide mixtures could remove stains in clothes—but with exposure to ultraviolet ,not visible,light.(The waves of ultraviolet light are more energetic and shorter than those of visible light.)Other studies have demonstrated that silver iodide can speed up chemical reactions in sunlight.“We knew that self-cleaning cotton fabrics with titanium dioxide coating had already been developed,but they cannot work,or they work weakly,under sunlight,”Long sys.”If we want to use the fabrics in da ily life,we must develop cotton that cleans itself undaer daylight.”Long and Wu created with the titanium dioxide mixture.Then they added particles of silver iodide,which boosted the fabric’sself-cleaning ability in the sun.In laboratory tests,their creation was nearly seven times better at removing stains than titanium dioxide alone.The scientists can’t start selling their self-cleaning cotton just yet;they still need to make sure the coated cotton won’t harm those who wear it.Although titanium dioxide is used in some foods,recent experiments have shown that it can cause health problems if it gets in the lungs.So before the material can be worn,scientists need to find a way to make it safe.69. The materials developed by Mingce Long can clean themselves by______A.being exposed only to ultraviolet lightB.being exposed to sunlight for a few hoursC.being hung in high-temperature environmentD.being soaked in a mixture of chemicals70. The research conducted by Long and his colleagues_________A.is based on previous studiesB.is pioneer work in a few fieldC.poses a challenge to other scientistD.has caused a debate among scientist71. Long’s major concern over the self-concerning materials is whether_____A.it is safe to wear themB.it is cost-effective to produce themC.their cleaning ability can lastD.their cleaning effect is satisfactory72. We can learn from the laboratory tests that their research______A.has left much to be desiredB.can be considered a successC.will yield huge economic benefitsD.has yet to produce convincing results73. It can be learned from the last paragraph that self-cleaning clothes______A.will soon be put into the marketB.prove to be better than expectedC.are still at the experimental stageD.may produce more harms than benefits74. What is the major topic of the passage？A.The necessity of self-cleaning clothesB.The application of self-cleaning technologyC.The effectiveness of self-cleaning fabricsD.The development of self-cleaning materialsPassage FiveLong before the iPhone made in the god of gadgets .Steve Jobs launched his tech career by hacking land lines to make free long-distance calls .Bob dylan,s band,the Golden Chords ,lost a high-school talent competition to a tap dancing act.Behind every success story is an embarrassing first effort ,a stumble ,a setback or a radical change of direction .It,s these first clumsy steps on the road to fame and fortune that fascinate writer Seth Fiegerman,who edits the blog Opening ,a collection of case studies on the origins of famous careers.“When you see someone who,s very successful,you almost imagine that it was an inevitable conclusion,that they,re a genius,that they were destined for great things,”says Fiegerman,who began the blog in 2009,after an early setback in his own career.“I think the big takeaway is failure and setbacks,far from being uncommon,are in many ways essentia l.”After Fiegerman,now 26,graduated from New York University in 2008,he landed a first job as a research editor at Playboy magazine.But he had worked there for just half a year when management announced that most of the staff would soon be laid off.As unemployment loomed,Fiegerman felt adrift.He began to explore the Playboy archives,discovering a valuable wealth of interviews with celebrities ranging from Marlon Brando to Malcolm X.Many of these successful people shared tales of their less promising early days,and Fiegerman quickly became obsessed with these origin stories.He began reading biographies with great interest and requesting interviews with writers and musicians he admired, using the blog to document the fits and starts that。

Part One: Reading ComprehensionDirections:There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and write down the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage 1Hyperinflation (极度通货膨胀) is defined as an economic condition during which there is a steep increase in prices. In accordance with the laws of economics, three factors combine to create this condition. First, demand must be much greater than the supply of available goods. Second, the country must continuously create and thereby build up an ever increasing supply of money. Third, the governmental processes that are used to collect taxes must be crippled. Let’s imagine a country where production is barely accomplishing its goal to keep up with demand. When this happens, the government should decrease the salaries of the workers by raising taxes. But the government is powerless to collect the taxes, so it prints more money to compensate for (补偿) the goods it must purchase. This new money goes to the workers who produced the goods: as a result, the people are forced to give up certain things for a while—they actually become richer. While this might appear to be a positive step, it is actually regressive. Every month the government is forced to print more and more money, thereby increasing its liabilities(债务) until it is destroyed. The only way to prevent total economic collapse in such a situation is for the government to increase taxes in a manner that is characterized by impartiality (公正) to everyone involved.1.Which of the following might occur during hyperinflation?A. A slight increase in prices.B.Rapid growth of economic.C.Decrease of worker’s salary.D.Soaring prices.2.The author states that during hyperinflation_______________.A. goods appear to be overabundantB. the country has to supply more moneyC. government may become richer by collecting more taxesD. people are forced to give up certain things3. The passage implies that _____________.A. hyperinflation is just a passing phase in the economic developmentB. people could benefit a lot from hyperinflationC. hyperinflation is used by a government to raise taxesD. hyperinflation may cause the downfall of a government4. The word “regressive” probably means___________.A. harmfulB. negativeC. going backD. progressive5. The tone of the author can be said to be___________.A. seriousB. mildC. subjectiveD. objectivePassage 2Education is not an end, but a means to an end. In other words, we do not educate children only for the purpose of educating them. Our purpose is for life.In some modern countries, it has been fashionable to think that by free education for all--- whether rich or poor, clever or stupid one can solve all the problems of society and build a perfect nation. But we can already see that free education for all is not enough; we find in such countries a far larger number of people with university degrees, they refuse to do what they think “low” work. In fact, work with hands is thought to be dirty and shameful in such countries. But we have only to think a moment to understand that the work of a completely uneducated farmer is far more important than that of a professor. We can live without education, but we would die if we have no food. If no one cleaned out streets and moved the rubbish away our houses, we should get terrible diseases in our towns.In fact, when we say that all of us must be educated to fit us for life, it means that we must be educated in such a way that, firstly, each of us can do whatever work suited to his brains and ability and, secondly, that we can realize that all jobs are necessary to society, and that is very bad to be ashamed of one’s work. Only such a type of education can be considered valuable to society.6. The author of this passage thinks that ______.A. education can settle all of the world’s problems.B. free education won’t help to solve social problems.C. free education for all probably leads to a perfect worldD. all the social problems can’t be solved by education7. The author wants to prove that ______.A. our society needs all kinds of jobsB. our society needs free education for allC. a farmer is more important than a professorD. people with university degrees refuse to do what they think “low” work8. One can learn from the passage _______.A. work with hands is dirty and shameful workB. work with hands is low workC. work with hands is the most importantD. we can’t regard work with hands as low work9. The purpose of education is ______.A. to choose the system of educationB. to prepare children mainly for their future workC. to build a perfect worldD. to let everyone receive education fit for him10. The passage mainly tells us about ______ of education.A. the meansB. the systemC. the valueD. the typePassage 3Everybody in this world is different from one another. But do you know that understanding differences can help you better manage your money?As we grow up, we gradually develop a set of our own values or beliefs. These are influenced by society, our family, the education we receive and so on. Once this value system is set up, it’s not easy to change later in life. Financial experts say that every one also has their own belief of how to manage their finances. This is part of our value system and it has a great impact on the way we look after our money. According to our different values, experts put us in three categories. They are: the ant, the cricket and the snail.The ant---works firstJust like ants who work heart and soul in summer in order to store food for winter, these people don’t care about enjoying the moment. They work very hard and save money they earn so that they can enjoy life when they get old and retire. The ant loves to save but they could make more out of their money if they were willing to invest in some funds and stocks with low risk.The cricket---fun firstThe cricket wants to enjoy everything now and doesn’t think too much about the future. They even borrow money when they really want something. Many young people now belong to this group. These people have little saving. When they get old, they might have problems. They should learn to save and buy insurance.The snail---lives under pressureThe snail refers to people who make life difficult for themselves. They take big long-term loans from the bank in order to buy things such as luxury houses. They are happy to take big loans even though they are not sure they can afford it. This can cause problems in the future. They should plan more carefully.11. According to the passage, by looking into the differences of people, you will_____.A. know different ways of saving moneyB. find people’s different ways of managing their financesC. easily set up your value systemsD. easily change your value system12. Value system_____.A. is a set of our own values or beliefsB. is the way we look after our moneyC. will not change later in timeD. is belief of how to manage our finances13. People who live like ants_____.A. will store food in summer for winterB. don’t enjoy their workingC. may enjoy lift when they get old and retireD. love saving money instead of making investment14. Which of the following is true?A. the crickets always think they have no futureB. the crickets borrow money because they would like to enjoy everything nowC. the snails will take more loans if they realize that they can afford it.D. the snails enjoy life because they have luxurious houses.15. The author’s purpose in writing this passage is_____.A. to state that we are the same as animalsB. to make fun of the three kinds of foolish peopleC. to make us understand we should spend our own moneyD. to make us understand the differences of people and manage our money betterPassage 4Stories of a mysterious island called Atlantis date from around 400 BC. Ever since then, people have been searching all over the world for it.It was Plate, a Greek philosopher, who first wrote about the long-lost civilization. He said that more than 9000 years before, Atlantis had been a great and wealthy nation. He described Atlantis as a beautiful place where all the people were happy. Herds of elephants and horses lived on the island. There was enough money and food for everyone, and the people spent their time building temples and gardens. Sadly for the people of Atlantis, this happy life did not last forever. Plato described how a huge earthquake destroyed the island, the following flood covered it with water and Atlantis disappeared beneath the sea.It is an Amazing story of a beautiful city hidden for thousands of years beneath the sea. Unfortunately, apart from Plate’s writing, there is no evidence to suggest that Atlantis ever existed. Plato said that it was in the Atlantic Ocean near Gibraltar, but after hundreds of years of searching, nothing has been found.16.The first person to write about Atlantic was a __________.A.Turkish researcherB.Greek historianC.Spanish sailorD.Greek philosopher17. According to Plato, Atlantis first existed _____________.A. 90 years beforeB. 900 years beforeC. 9000 years beforeD. sometime before, but he didn’t know when18. The people of Atlantis _______________.A. built temples and gardensB. swam in the seaC. worked hardD. searched all over the world19. Their happy life changed when ___________________.A. an earthquake destroyed the islandB. everyone left the islandC. the people disappearedD. no one could find the island20. Atlantis may have existed _________________.A. because there are many books about itB. but there is no evidence to prove itC. because there is a city under the sea near GreeceD. because it is in TurkeyPart Two: Vocabulary and StructureDirections: There are 40 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then write down the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.21. When a company starts to sell goods in a new market, they often do some market research to see ifthe plan is ______.A. flexibleB. feasibleC. reasonableD. adequate22. The disease almost_________ the population of the island.A. wiped outB. wiped offC. wiped upD. wiped away23. No two person’s finger-prints are ___________.A. individualB. indefiniteC. initialD. identical24. The ________ indicated that our theory is wrong.A. debtB. dashC. dataD. date25. Father ________ the oak tree to the backyard.A. transplantedB. plantedC. settledD. cut26. The number of tickets ______ will be determined by the size of the stadium.A. adaptableB. acceptableC. advisableD. available27. Too many hotels have been built and this has ____ prices, making holidays cheaper.A. cut shortB. cut outC. cut offD. cut down28. He is a very honest official and never ______ any gifts from the people who sought his help.A. acceptedB. receivedC. took upD. excepted29. He was not ______ to the club because he wasn’t a member.A. allowedB. admittedC. permittedD. approved30. Although he doesn’t like that law, he will _____ with it.A. confineB. conformC. complyD. contend31. In the power plant, more than ______ out of _____ workers are on strike.A. five, twelfthsB. fifth, twelfthsC. five, twelveD. fifths, twelfths32. The traveler didn’t know _____ which direction to go.A. inB. atC. toD. \33. The pen I ______ I ______ is on my desk, right under my nose.A. think; lostB. thought; had lostC. think; had lostD. thought; have lost34. The customer didn’t choose ______ of the coats and went away without looking at a third one.A. bothB. allC. anyD. either35. Mr. Smith, ______ of the ______ speech, started to read a novel.A. tired; boringB. tiring; boredC. tired; boredD. tiring; boring36. --- Is anything _______?--- I can’t decide which dress I should wear at my friend’s wedding party.--- I don’t think it ______.A. the matter; the matterB. the matter; mattersC. matter; mattersD. matter; the matter37. Playing football and watching TV ______ both interesting.A. wereB. wasC. areD. is38. It must be he that has stolen Mr. Smith’s purse, _______?A. hasn’t heB. isn’t heC. mustn’tD. isn’t it?39. In which play is ______ your brother appears?A. that whereB. this whenC. it thatD. it where40. The nurse took _______ of my blood to test.A. an exampleB. an instanceC. a caseD. a sample41. I walk out of the cinema, ______ to return to see the wonderful film the next Sunday.A. determineB. being determinedC. determinedD. to be determined42. We were very disappointed at the ______ to our advertisement, and our product didn’t sell well.A. repliesB. responseC. answersD. words43. My suggestion yesterday was that a meeting _____ to discuss the matter.A. should holdB. must be heldC. would be heldD. be held44. Before the guests come, I must get the glasses _____.A. washedB. to be washedC. being washedD. to wash45. Who would you rather have ____ the computer, Mr. Lin or Mr. Chen?A. repairedB. repairC. repairingD. to repair46. When you study in the United States, usually you have to buy your own health _____.A. insuranceB. expenseC. evidenceD. payment47. The ship was ______ in a storm off Jamaica.A. drownedB. sunkC. wreckedD. submitted48. No one has _____ been able to trace the author of the poem.A. stillB. yetC. alreadyD. just49. More than one-third of the Chinese in the United States live in California, ______ in San Francisco.A. previouslyB. predominantlyC. practicallyD. permanently50. The new secretary has written a remarkably ______ report only in a few pages but with all the details.A. conciseB. clearC. preciseD. elaborate51. We gather together on this ______ day to commemorate Dr. Sun Yat-sen.A. significantB. sensibleC. gloriousD. brilliant52. Our foreign trade has _____ during recent years.A. widenedB. extendedC. expandedD. lengthened53. The warlord ______ people for their religion.A. persecutedB. perceivedC. persistedD. postponed54. Cathy is so busy that she works 12 hours ______ each day.A. on averageB. on the wholeC. in summaryD. in conclusion55. If you play around all day, I ______ that you’ll fail in the final exam.A. representB. guaranteeC. assumeD. negotiate56. The cartoon characters Snoopy and Charlie Brown were______by Charles M.Schultz.A. devisedB. inventedC. createdD. arranged57. Jacks is a promising man. His colleagues pay a high______ to his ability.A. praiseB. prideC. contributionD. tribute58. They haven’t fixed a ______ date for their wedding yet but it will be this summer.A. specialB. particularC. specificD. peculiar59. Let’s go out during the break to _____ legs.A. extendB. expandC. moveD. stretch60. Although we have made frequent attempts to ______ his parents, we have so far not been successful.A. contractB. contactC. contrastD. contraryPart Three: ClozeDirections:There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then write down the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.From the time each of my children started school, I packed their lunches. And in each lunch, I __61_ a note. Often written on a napkin (餐巾), it might be a thank-you for a 62 moment, a reminder of something we were happily expecting, or a bit of 63 for the coming test or sporting event.In early grade school they 64 their notes. But as children grow older they becomes self-conscious (有自我意识的), and 65 he reached high school, my older son, Marc, informed me he no longer 66 my daily notes. Telling him that he no longer needed to 67 them but I still needed to write them, I 68 until the day he graduated.Six years after high school graduation, Marc called and asked if he could move 69 for a couple of months. He had spent those years well, graduating from college, 70 two internship (实习) in Washington D.C., and 71 , becoming a technical assistant in Sacramento. 72 short vacation visits, however, he had lived away from home. With his younger sister leaving for college, I was 73 happy to have Marc back. Since I was 74 making lunch for his younger brother, I 75 one for Marc, too. Imagine my 76 when I got a call from my 24-year-old son, 77 his lunch.“Did I do something 78 ? Don’t you love me 79 , Mom?” were just a few of the questions he threw at me as I 80 asked him what was wrong.“My note, Mom,” he answered. “Where’s my note?”61. A. carried B. found C. included D. held62. A. difficult B. special C. comfortable D. separate63. A. congratulation B. improvement C. explanation D. encouragement64. A. loved B. answered C. wrote D. examined65. A. lately B. by the law C. by the time D. gradually66. A. received B. understood C. enjoyed D. collected67. A. copy B. read C. take D. send68. A. held up B. gave up C. followed D. continued69. A. out B. home C. to college D. to Sacramento70. A. organizing B. planning C. comparing D. completing71. A. hopefully B. finally C. particularly D. certainly72. A. Because of B. Instead of C. Except for D. As for73. A. especially B. immediately C. equally D. generally74. A. once B. again C. still D. even75. A. packed B. fetched C. bought D. filled76. A. fear B. surprise C. anger D. disappointment77. A. waiting for B. worrying about C. caring for D. asking about78. A. wrong B. funny C. strange D. smart79. A. any more B. enough C. once more D. better80. A. interestingly B. bitterly C. politely D. laughinglyPart Four: TranslationDirections:Read the following sentences carefully and translate it into Chinese. Write down your translation on the Answer Sheet.81. Another concern arises from the centralization of information.另一个问题来自信息的集中化。

城市学院学位英语考试题库2013级本科大学英语2卷Section A: Pronunciation and Intonation（每小题0.5分，共5分）Directions:In this section you will hear ten statements. Each statement will be spoken only ONCE. After each statement there will be a pause. During the pause, you must choose which of the two words you hear in each statement. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡上作答。

1. A. lick B. lake2. A. led B. lid3. A. sick B. thick4. A. bearB. beer5. A. casual B. visual6. A. pull B. put7. A. trunk B. drunk8. A. vast B. waste9. A. night B. light10.A. guilt B. kiltSection B: Listening Strategy（每小题1分，共10分）Directions: In this section y ou’ll hear 10 statements. Each statement will be spoken TWICE. After each statement there will be a pause. During the pause, you must fill in the blank with an appropriate word you hear in the statement. Then write your answer on the corresponding part of the Answer Sheet.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡上作答。

1.Meeting is a general and summary term of various kind of assembly of people for a particular purpose.2.Conference is a kind of formal meeting, often lasting for a few days. It is organized on a particular subject to bring together people who have a common interest.3.Symposium refers to the meeting for specialized academic discussion. Compared with conference, a symposium is usually narrower and more specific in the range of topics.4.Convention is a kind of routine meeting, a regularly organized by a learned society, a professional association, an academic institution or a non-governmental organization.5.Seminar is a class-like meeting, where participants discuss a particular topic and subject that is presented by several major speakers.6.Workshop refers to a period of discussion or practical work on a particular subject in which a group of people learn about the subject by sharing their knowledge and experience.7.Forum is a kind of public meeting, at which people exchange ideas and discuss issues, especially important public issues.8.Congress is usually attended by representatives and delegates who belong to national or international, governmental or non-governmental organizations.9.Colloquium is sometimes a formal word for seminar. It is usually a large academic seminar like panel discussion. Colloquium is usually attended by certain invited experts or professionals in a particular field.0.Principal Conference Activities1)Formal meetings: General assembly; Plenary sessions; parallel sessions; Poster sessions;2)informal meetings:free information exchange; Free paper presentation;3)audioand visual presentation4)teaching and consulting services5)exhibitions and business talks6)visits and other social activites1、classification of professional paperReport paper（专题）、Research paper（研究）、Course paper(课程)、Thesis paper（答辩）.1)Report paper: The report paper summarizes and reports the findings of the author(s) on a particular subject.2)Research paper: A complete research paper is usually composed of the following elements：title, author, affiliation, abstract, keywords, introduction, theoretical analysis, results and discussion or conclusion, reference, etc.3)Course paper This type of paper is always written and handed in at the end of the term, it is also called “term paper.”4)Thesis paper: A Dissertation (thesis paper) is usually written and submitted inpartial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MA or MS (or Ph. D) in a specific discipline.2、ways of preparing professional papers1)Searching for good ideas. coming from practice and back to practice. 2) Finding topics:3)Considering Audience and Purpose.4)Moving from Brainstorming to Drafting5)Editing and Refining3.General Functions of Title:1) Generalizing the Text; 2) Attracting the Reader;3) Facilitating the RetrievalGeneralizing the Text: A tile should summarize the central idea of the paper concisely andcorrectly. Attracting the Reader: An interestingtitle may draw particular attention amongprofessionals. Facilitating the Retrieval: A goodtitle can help the reader in his search forinformation.4.Linguistic Features of Title:1) Using More Nouns, Noun Phrases andGerunds: The words or phrases used in a title arevery often nouns, noun phrases or gerunds,nominalization, which usually are keywords forthe paper, having the ability to sum up the wholetext; 2) Using an Incomplete Sentence: A title isjust a label or appellation of the paper, reflectingthe main idea of the contents.5.Writing Requirements of Title:1) Be Brief and Concise; 2) Be Specific; 3) AvoidQuestion Titles; 4) Being Unified; 5) BeingStandardBe Brief and Concise: A title of a paper shouldbe brief and concise, being composed of no morethan twenty words. If a title is too long, it wouldbe difficult for readers to catch the meaning ofthe content and remember it. Be Specific:Thetitle should highlight the emphasis andparticularity of the work. Avoid Question Titles:A question title means a complete sentence in thequestion form. And such a title createsinconvenience for the information retrieval.Being Unified: The parallel parts of a title shouldbe grammatically symmetrical. Being Standard:Nonstandard abbreviations and symbols shouldbe avoided.6.General Functions of Author/Affiliation:Author:1)Bearing Author’s Responsibility. Itmeans if any consequence should arise from thepublication of the paper, the author(s) should takeit without affecting others; 2) FacilitatingRetrieval and Correspondence. Names of author(s)and institutional affiliations are usually used asauthor indexing, designed in the informationreferencing network. Readers can correspondwith the author, according to the affiliation; 3)Heightening Celebrity. The publication of aresearch paper brings reputation to author’sinstitution and country.Affiliation:1) Facilitating correspondence; 2)Bringing the reputation to the author’s institutionand his country7.Writing Requirements of Author/Affiliation:1) Printing Format Unified; 2) Number of Author(the number of authors should not be over four);3) Professional Title Omitted; 4) Address (beingwritten from the smaller unit to the larger ones); 5)Internal Units8.General Functions of Keywords:1) Easiness of Retrieval;2) Easiness of Highlighting9.Linguistic Features of Keywords:1) Nominalization; 2) Limited Number;3) Designated ChoiceNominalization: Keywords are usually used inthe form of nouns, not verbs. Limited Number:The number of keywords for a paper should belimited. Four to six keywords are the average. Ingeneral, there should be at least 2 and at most 8.Designated Choice:The keywords of a paperusually come from the title and/or the abstract.10.Writing Requirements of Keywords:1) Using Required Terms. The terms of“keywords”should be consistent with therequirements of the journal to which you submityour paper; 2) Placing in Right Location. In mostcases, keywords are placed below the abstract; 3)Spacing the Keywords. Use comma, semicolon orlarger space to separate the words; 4) AdoptingStandard Abbreviations. Standard abbreviationsare preferred in the section of keywords.11.General Functions of an Abstract:Miniaturizing the text; Deciding: “yes” or “no”;Expanding the circulationMiniaturizing the text: a mini-version or aminiature of the document, summarizing thecontent of the main body.Deciding: “yes” or“no”: directly influence the paper’s acceptance toa learned journal. Expanding the circulation: Itcan be circulated much wider and farther than thepaper itself, thus producing wider and deeperacademic influence than the full text of the paper.12.Linguistic Features of Abstract:Limited length; Categories of abstracts;Complete content; Formalized structureLimited length: 200 words should be a sensiblemaximum for a relatively long paper or report,but never more than 500 words; 50-100 wordsmay suffice for a short article. Categories ofabstracts:Abstracts can be classified into threecategories: indicative, informational andinformational-indicative. Complete content:However short abstract may be, all the relevantelements should be included. Formalizedstructure:A complete abstract usually consistsof three major parts: topic sentence, supportingsentence and concluding sentence.13.Writing Requirements of Abstract:Integrity; Concise; Consistency; ConcentrationIntegrity: It should contain certain elements ofinformation. Generally, an abstract should includewhat the writer has done and what he hasachieved within the scope of the topic. Concise:Use only essential information. Consistency: Anabstract should be consistent with the other partsof the whole paper. Concentration: You need toomit certain elements of information. Do not usefigures, tables, or literature references in this part.14.“5 Steps” in the Abstract Writing1) Underlining Key Words and Sentences; 2)Listing Essential Points of the Paper; 3) Boilingdown/summarizing Each Section to/into aSentence or Two; 4) Drafting the Abstract; 5)Checking the Final Draft15.“5A Strategy” in Abstract WritingBefore writing abstract, you need to answer somebasic questions.Q1: What is the general knowledge of your topicin the academic field?Q2: What research topic is the paper to focus on?Q3: What method or material do you use tosupport your main point of view?Q4: What conclusion will you draw?Q5: What is the main contribution of the paper?Then the abstract can be improved on by usingthe following formula:Abstract=A1+A2+A3+A4+A5A1: background A2: main topicA3: specific investigationsA4: result & suggestionA5: conclusion & contribution16.How can it be helpful in your abstractwriting?With the “5A Strategy” in mind, you can getsome useful prompts. Though different papersrequire different abstracts, many abstracts may share similar functions and lead to a similar organization scheme. This 5A Strategy will surely enable you to produce an appropriate and even quite successful abstract without much trouble. mon Errors/Likely Mistakes:1) Mixed writing style: mixed informal writing style with the formal writing style2) Over-simplified statements: The abstract is too simple to inform the authors’ information.3) Monotonous expression: These abstract sentences are monotonous including that the verb appears many times in a short passage and there is no passive voice.4) Incomplete contents5) Displacement of information18.General Functions of Introduction: Introducing the Subject; Limiting the Research Scope; Stating the General Purpose; Showing the Writing ArrangementIntroducing the Subject:Since the topic in the introduction is what the paper is going to deal with, the readers can get a preliminary but overall impression before going on with the full text of the paper. Limiting the Research Scope:Only when an introduction clearly defines the limits of the research scope can readers retrieve the information efficiently provided that the subject is introduced correctly. Stating the General Purpose:The function of stating the general purpose is aimed at telling the reader why to where to start or where to guide. Showing the Writing Arrangement: The logical arrangement of the writing enables the reader to understand the paper more easily when further reading is necessary.19.Structural Features of Introduction: Starting with the Research Background; Transiting to the Existing Problem;Focusing on the Present ResearchStarting with the Research Background:That is to answer the question, “What have been done?”Transiting to the Existing Problem: That is to answer the question: “What have not been done?”Focusing on the Present Research: That is to answer the question: “What I am going to do?”20.The differences between objective description and subjective description? (1)Objective Description:A professional author has to focus on the object he is portraying rather than on his personal reactions to it. All the related situations require a precise description of the conditions or processes his research involves. And in such cases his goal is to supply information-to build up as accurate a picture as he can for his readers.(2)Subjective Description:To show the author’s impressions of or responses to what they see. 21.General Requirement for ResearchDescriptionPresenting a Picture of the Object.Illustrating the Object in Artificial Language. Making Necessary Comparison.Sizing the Object Specially.Locating the Object Correctly. Carefully. Generalizing/Systematizing the Observation 22.L ogical Development1)Developing by Chronological Sequence2)Developing by Investigation Procedures3)Developing the Research “from Abstract to Concrete”(deductive method )演绎法4）Developing the Research “from Concrete toAbstract”(inductive method)归纳法5）Developing by Using Other Logical Sequencing23.Reasoning(Persuasion)劝导法/推理The task of reasoning is to justify the writer’sinference and try to persuade the readers of theproposals offered by the writer.24.General Functions and Contents of Results:The value of a research lies in the value of itsfinal results and the author’s interpretation of theresults. In the section of the results, the authorshould bring about a solid foundation on whichthe whole paper rests, by boiling down all thefacts he has gained. There are two ingredients inthe section of result: full presentation of thespecific data of the work and detailed analysis ofthe results.25.Writing Requirements of Results:1) any data shown in the section must bemeaningful; 2) the presentation of results shouldbe short without verbiage and be of crystalclarity.26.General Functions and Main Elements ofDiscussion:The purpose of discussion is to expound theinterrelations among the observed facts. Thissection is to show the relationship between thefacts,their underlying causes, their effects, andtheir theoretical implications.Discussion usually include: 1) Analyzing the data;2) Pointing out doubts; 3) Expoundingviewpoints; 4) Stating the significance; 5)Arriving at a conclusion.27.General Functions of Conclusion1) summing up; 2) statement of conclusions; 3)statement of recommendations; 4) gracefultermination28.What are the criteria in distinguishing aresult from a conclusion?1) a result states the objective facts and datagained in the paper together with correspondinganalysis concerned and generalizes the results toa theoretical height, while a conclusion shows thefinal viewpoint drawn by the author(s) afterinvestigations, experiments, discussions,inferences, etc. So the former is objectivedescription while the later is evaluation based onthe former with subjective elements involved in.2) if the section of a result is to bring about asolid foundation which the whole paper rests, byboiling down all the facts and data the researchershave gained, the purpose of a conclusion is toexpound the interrelations among the observedfacts, including summing up, stating conclusionsand recommendation and achieving gracefultermination.3) a conclusion is often located after a result.4) presentation of any meaningful data shown inthe section of a result should be short withoutverbiage and be of crystal clarity. But aconclusion should be cautiously drawn withouterrors and ambiguous understanding.29.General Functions of Acknowledgements:Acknowledgments function is to express theauthor(s) appreciation. Acknowledgments ismainly used to extend the author(s)’sindebtedness to the helpful support or concernfrom his(their) colleagues in offering any usefulmaterial, technical know-how, suggestions, orany kind of enlightenment, etc. to the author(s).30.Linguistic Features of Acknowledgements:1) Patternized content; 2) Formalized expressionsWriting Requirements of Acknowledgements:1) Being specific; 3) Asking for permission2) Avoiding under-or over-statements;31. General functions of References:1)Showing Respect to the Previous Works;2)Facilitating the literature search.32.“Two systems” of References:1) Name and Year System (Harvard System):Name and year system means the references arealphabetically arranged and headed by theauthor’s name, the year of publication, the title ofthe publication, the publisher, the page numberand so on. (the title of the journal is italicize)2) Citation Oder System: Citation order systemmeans the references are not alphabeticallyarranged but according to the order of appearanceof the cited works.The title of the book/articles are omitted; the titleof the journals are abbreviations; the year ofpublications is placed at the end; only the firstauthor’s name is listed, if more than one author,“et al.” will be used.Writing requirements of References:Correct in content;Unified in style33.Plagiarism: the use of another person's ideasor words without giving him/her the proper credit;or, the action of taking (words, ideas, etc.) fromsomeone else's work and use them in one's ownwork without admitting one has done so.2 Writing a letter1）write a letter to an editor in a major journal inyour field, asking for some relevant writtenmaterials available.询问进展We submitted the paper (No.xxx) entitled“XXXXXX” to you for publication in theXXXXX three months ago. Could you give us anupdate on the current status of our submission?Any information will be greatly appreciated.Thank you very much for your considerationsuppose that you are going to submit yourarticle/paper for publication in a famous journalin your area. Prepare a cover letter.Sample:assume that you have received a letter from theeditor, saying your paper has been accepts, butneed some revisions. Write a reply to editor.4) write a letter to your editor, assuming you wantto revise your manuscript that been accepted bythe journal. Sample:。

2013年北京市学士学位英语成人英语三级考试词汇必考题（一）1. One thousand dollars a month is not a fortune but would help cover my living ＿＿.A.billsB.expensesC.pricesD.charges2. My morning ＿＿includes jogging in the park and reading newspapers over breakfast.A.drillB.actionC.regulationD.routine3. The practice of hanging clothes across the street is a common＿＿ in many parts of the city.A.lookB.signC.sightD.appearance4. Despite such a big difference in ＿＿towards what one eats, there is no doubt that people in thewest regard the Chinese food as something special. A.point B.idea C.attitude D.sight5. He and his wife are of the same＿＿ ; they both want their son to go to college.A.soulB.spiritC.heartD.mind6. Of the seven days in a week, Saturday is said to be the most popular ＿＿for a wedding in some countries.A.wayB.situationC.eventD.choice7. —You are always full of＿＿ .Can you tell me the secret？—Taking plenty of exercise every day.A.powerB.strengthC.forceD.energy8. Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and a＿＿ of exercise.A.limitckC.needD.demand9. It is no ＿＿arguing with Bill because he will never change his mind.eB.helpC.timeD.why10. Finding information in today‘s world is easy.The＿＿ is how you can tell whether the information you get is useful or not. A.ability petition C.challenge D.knowledge11. —If you like I can do some shopping for you.—That’s a very kind ＿＿.A.offerB.serviceC.pointD.suggestion12. Always read the＿＿ on the bottle carefully and take the right amount of medicine.A.explanationsB.instructionsC.descriptionsD.introductions13. To make members of a team perform better, the trainer first of all has to know their and weaknesses.A.strengthB.benefitsC.techniquesD.values14. It is said that dogs will keep you＿＿ for as long as you want when you are feeling lonely.A.safetypanyC.houseD.friend15. The head office of the bank is in Beijing, but it has ＿＿all over the country.paniesB.branchesanizationsD.businesses16. My ＿＿of this weekend‘s activity is going out with some good friends.A.ideaB.opinionC.mindD.thought17. He proved himself a true gentleman and the beauty of his＿＿ was seen as its best when he worked with others. A.temper B.appearance C.talent D.character18. Bill was doing a lot of physical exercise to build up his ＿＿. A.ability B.force C.strength D.mind19. The face of four famous American presidents on Mount Rushmore can be seen from a of 60 miles.A.lengthB.distanceC.wayD.space20. Don’t leave matches or cigarettes on the table within＿＿ of little children.A.handB.reachC.spaceD.distance答案1.【答案】B.句意：一月1 000 美元不是一笔财富，但是能帮助支付我的生活费用。

2013级英语本科统考复习资料宜宾学院成人高等教育《大学英语》复习资料一、Directions:Read the following words, try your best to find the word that hasdifferent pronunciation from others.1 . ( ) A. cholesterol B. cheerful C. childishness D. chunk2. ( ) A. technique B. teaching C. exchange D. researcher3. ( ) A. threat B. thrust C. wither D. think4. ( )A. crust B. flood C. mute D. jumble5. ( ) A. Access B. accompany C. account D. according6. ( ) A. exchange B. extend C. extinct D. extra7. ( ) A. Reward B. warmth C. spark D. warden8. ( )A. spare B. glare C. are D. dare9. ( )A. leaf B. disagree C. pear D. field10. ( ) A. timber B. tiger C. title D. tire11. ( ) A. purchase B. surgery C. purple D. survive12. ( ) A. specific B. spelling C. sex D. upset13. ( ) A. wriggle B. wolf C. wrestle D. writer14. ( ) A. quantity B. reality C. recovery D. Ray15. ( ) A. range B. rat C. ratio D. ray16. ( ) A .alike B. activity C. addition D. ability17.( ) A. migrate B. manager C. make D. male18. ( ) A. gaze B. gas C. garage D. gesture19. ( ) A flavor B. former C. formal D. forefront20. ( )A. sphere B. beer C. here D. there21. ( ) A. hut B. hunter C. fund D. fully22. ( )A. magnify B. literary C. guy D. justify23. ( )A. he B. pleasure C. hell D. tell24. ( )A. locker B. term C. lover` D. listener25. ( ) A. but B. us C. put D. rush26.( ) A. mistake B. outline C. chicks D. ship27. ( )A. goal B. go C. dose D. optional28. ( )A. fort B. world C. word D. worker29. ( ) A. widely B. widen C. wildlife D. Wisdom30. ( )A. latter B. engage C. lantern D. Parachute二、Directions: There are 90 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence thereare four choices marked A, B,C or D. Choose the ONE answer that bestcompletes the sentence31. I cleaned the room __________ you were getting the dinner ready.A. becauseB. ifC. whileD. and32.The salesman tried to ___________ us to buy his product.A. permitB. persuadeC. allowD. promise33. She is not only a teacher, ______ also a friend.A. asB. butC. howeverD. and34. A cinema is a place of ___________.A. displayB. entertainmentC. audienceD. activity35. Language consists _____ words which we put together into sentences.A. ofB. inC. forD. For36. She tried hard, ____________ she was unsuccessful.A. thereforeB. butC. orD. unless37. He _______ his seat to a woman with a baby in her arms.A. offeredB. orderedC. satD. left38. I _________ born in a small city not far from here.A. amB. wasC. have beenD. had been39. The best way _____________ this principle is to see how it actually works in practice.A. understoodB. understandingC. understandD. to understand40. Before he came to New York, he had never heard a single English word ________.A. speakB. to speakC. spokeD. spoken41. There are ______ flights from Yibin to Shanghai.A. rugularB. ruleC. rugulationD.regulate42. They sat together, ____________ carefully the blueprint of the building.A. and studyB. to studyC. studyingD. and studying43. He did not have time to read the whole story, so he read the _________of it instead.A. insideB. outlineC. linesD. outside44. For passengers, ships have the advantage of _____ cheaper than trains or aeroplanes.A. having beenB. to have beenC. beingD. to be45. Tea or coffee? Which is your _________.A. preferenceB. confusionC. puzzleD. mixture46. I have a very wide __________ of interests.A. displayB. rangeC. maximumD. random47. Ships can carry _____ goods than any other means of transport.A. manyB. muchC. betterD. more48. A child is not so free to do as he wishes _________ he thinks older people are.A. asB. thanC. thatD. so49. Music is different from languages. It can be ___________ by people from different countries.A. spokenB. understood D. known D. taken50. It seems reasonable that the younger and therefore less experienced worker gets __________ than the older and more experienced one.A. lessB. moreC. as muchD. so much51. Culture and art are added ___________ our teaching to develop the children’s imagination.A. toB. byC. forD. against52. Ten experts have worked on it for five years. So I suppose there is no need to check the __________ of the research.A. accuracyB. atmosphereC. awarenessD. association53. Quality____________ more than quantity.A. mattersB. furthersC. overcomesD. enjoys54. I think I’ll write Jim right now and tell him _________ with him.A. I’ll goB. I’ve goneC. I was goingD. I’d go55. Last week we __________ to the restaurant in the new hotel.A. have goneB. wentC. are goingD. had gone56. The bird searches ________ what it can use in building its nest.A. afterB. throughC. inD. for57. One of _____________ mountain ranges of the world rises from the Atlantic.A. the largestB. the most largeC. the largerD. the much largest58. They sat together, ______ carefully the blueprint of the building.A. studyingB. and studyC. to studyD. and studying59. The shop has a great _________ of goods.A. mixtureB. varietyC. qualityD. arrangement60. A mirror __________ light.A. givesB. showsC. keepsD. reflects61. It is important for you _________ for me.A. as the same asB. as similar asC. as well asD. as good as62. Practice _____ the language every day.A. will speakB. speakingC. speaksD. have spoken63. His words are very clear and __________ so that everybody knows what to do next.A. excitingB. inexactC. exactD. exactly64. Language consists ____________words which we put together into sentences.A. inB. forC. ofD. on65. The dish doesn’t __________ so good as it looks.A. eatB. tasteC. feedD. drink66. I _________ know him, so I can’t tell you anything about him.A. occasionallyB. regularlyC. accuratelyD. scarcely67. My mastery of English is not half as good ______ yours.A. toB. fromC. asD. too68. He didn’t tell his friend that he was _________ worse and worse.A. leavingB. servingC. feelingD. receiving69. Most shops ___________ open still eight o’clock in the evening.A. holdB. becomeC. remainD. start70. By the time we got there, the play ___________.A. is going to beginB. is just beginningC. has already begunD. had already begun71. He came only _________, not very often.A. absolutelyB. continuallyC. regularlyD. occasionally72. Some of the questions have four choices that sound ____________.A. likeB. likelyC. unlikeD. alike73. He is engaged _________ his work.A. inB. atC. onD. to74. This is the reason __________ he is always late.A. thatB. howC. whyD. which75. She was just going to give up ________ another chance came.A. whenB. whileC. althoughD. however76. Now that I am working for my living, I do not have _____ time as before to spend on my stamps.A. muchB. moreC. as muchD. more than77. The girl ________ serves in the shop is the owner’s daughter.A. whichB. whoD. how78. You may _________ do it yourself _________ leave it to me.A. either … orB. both … andC. not only … but alsoD. whether … or79. He didn’t stop to rest _______ he finished th e work.A. untilB. asC. afterD. if80. Newton was one of the greatest scientists ________ ever lived.A. whomB. whichC. whatD. that81. John was __________ in the trouble, and he didn’t know what to do.A. attractedB. interestedC. movedD. involved82. I’ve ________ hard this morning and I’m really hungry.A. workB. workingC. be workingD. been working83. If he accepts the job, he _________ more money right away.B. will getC. has gotD. will have got84. The doctor took my temperature and _______ my heart.A. listensB. will listenC. has listenedD. listened85.___________ you write your return address on the envelope?A. HadB. HaveC. AreD. Did86. Her black dress was in ________ with his white hat.A. additionB. contrastC. conclusionD. fashion87. The book was so boring that he gave up ______ it half-way through.A. seeingB. watchingC. buyingD. reading88. We can come to the _________that the more we practice, the more skillful we will be.A. generationB. traditionC. definitionD. conclusion89. How can you keep the machine ________ when you’re away?A. runB. to runC. runningD. being run90. ________ all his homework, he went to bed.A. DoingB. Being doneC. To doD. Having done91. Instead of ________ for the teacher to explain, they tried to find the patterns and the rules for themselves.A. waitB. to waitC. waitingD. being waited92. She did not stop to rest _____ she finished the work.A. asB. afterC. untilD. if93. People who can neither hear nor speak talk to each other ___________the help of their fingers.A. ofB. forC. atD. with94. The shop offers products that range ______________inexpensive to very expensive.A. betweenB. fromC. amongD. along95. We must _____________all possible ways of increasing food production.A. extendB. insertC. involveD. explore96. _______all his homework, he went to bed.A. DoingB. Having doneC. Being doneD. To do97. All _______, including the human being, make the world lively.A. plantsB. insectsC. cropsD. creatures98. A well-trained parrot can talk ______ a man.A. intoB. likeC. withD. as99. He talks __________ he knew all about it.A. as suchB. as wellC. as ifD. as to100. A man’s success depends chiefly ______ himself.A. onB. asC. forD. from101. Please don’t forget to turn _____the lights before you leave the laboratory.A. outB. offC. overD. up102. His speech was _________ many times by cheers.A. insertedB. substitutedC. elevatedD. interrupted 103. Jack talks ______he knew all about it.A. as ifB. as suchC. as wellD. as to104. A mirror_____ light.A. givesB. showsC. keepsD. reflects105. He did not have time to read the whole story, so he read the _____of it instead.A. insideB. outlineC. linesD. outside106. I objected ______the meeting without him.A. to havingB. to haveC. havingD. have107. He came only _____, not very often.A. absolutelyB. continuallyC. regularlyD. occasionally 108. He forgot his friend’s telephone number, so he looked it _____in the telephone book.A. forB. atC. upD. to109. Some of the questions have four choices that sound______.A. likeB. likelyC. alikeD. unlike110. The _____ in his experiment were 75 college students.A. objectsB. subjectsC. systemsD. methods111. __________ exercises such as swimming or playingfootball can make us strong. A. Physical B. Emotional C. Practical D. Theoretical 112. The man who she ______ is a criminal is my friend.A. saysB. is doingC. will doD. shall do113. The words are repeated over and over again _____the students hear them clearly. A. whether B. or C. but D. so that 114. Birds learn to fly by ____________.A. repetitionB. instinctC. observationD. imitation 115. My brother ______ on his best clothes and left for the party.A. putB. putsC. will putD. is putting 116. The little boy ______music often went to the concert with his parents.A. fond ofB. was fond ofC. who is fond ofD. be fond of117. She has a very wide ______ of interests.A. displayB. rangeC. maximumD. random118. Her black dress was in _______ with his white hat.A. additionB. conclusionC. contrastD. fashion119. The more we get together, _______ we shall be.A. the happyB. happierC. the happierD. the more happy120. Go to see the doctor, ______your cold may get worse.A. orB. whileC. eitherD. but三、Directions:There are 6 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by somequestions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are fourchoices marked A, B, C or D. You should decide on the best choice andchoose the corresponding letter .Passage OneQuestions 121 to 125 are based on the following passage.Have you ever seen a moon that looks unbelievably big? It hangs over the horizon like a huge, pale hot-air balloon. Many people think of the bright full moon of autumn or the harvest moon that way —like a huge, pale hot-air balloon. But can you always trust your eyes?The harvest moon is the full moon on a day nearest the first day of autumn. Full or nearly full, it rises early in the evening forseveral nights in a row. It brings farmers well-lit evenings to harvest their crops.The harvest moon can look huge. But does it really fill more of the sky than an ordinary full moon?Why does the moon look bigger when it is near the horizon? Our brains compare the size of the moon with the size of the objects we see on the horizon. We know that the distant mountains, homes, or skyscrapers are really very large. And, since the moon is much farther away than is the distant landscape, we “see” the moon as being larger than it would otherwise look.4121 To what do we compare the size of the harvest moon?A. MountainsB. BuildingsC. HomesD. All of these 122. The main purpose of the article is to __________.A. informB. persuadeC. praiseD. convince 123. The author knew most people find the moon __________.A. mysteriousB. interestingC. boringD. so ordinary 124. The moon looks bigger if ___________.A. it is autumnB. it is near the horizonC. homes are nearD. it is a clear night125. The autumn moon ___________.A. is more beautiful than it really looks.B. is the brightest object in the sky.C. rises slowly at dawn.D. helps farmers see as they harvest their crops.Passage TwoQuestions 126 to 130 are based on the following passage.Robert Spring, a 19th century forger, was so good at his job that he was able to make his living for 15 years by selling false signatures (签名) of famous Americans. Spring was born in Englandin 1813 and arrived in Philadelphia in 1858 to open a bookstore. At first he prospered (兴隆) by selling his small but real collection of early US signatures. Discovering his ability at copying handwriting, he began imitating (模仿) signatures of George Washington and Ben Franklin and writing them on the title pages of old books. To lessen the chance of being found out, he sent his forgeries (伪造品) to England and Canada for sale.Forgers have a hard time selling their products. A forger can’t approach a respectable buyer but must deal with people wh o don’t have much knowledge in the field. Forgers have many ways to make their work look real. For example, they buy old books to use the aged paper of the title page, and they can treat paper and ink with chemicals.In Spring’s time, right after the Civil War, Britain was still fond of the Southern states, so Spring invented a respectable lady known as Miss Fanny Jackson, the only daughter of General “Stonewall” Jackson. For several years Miss Fanny’s money problems forced her to sell a great number of letters and manuscripts （手稿）belonging to her famous father. Spring hadto work very hard to satisfy the demand. All this activity did not prevent Spring from dying in poverty （贫穷）, leaving sharp-eyed experts the difficult task of separating his forgeries from the originals. 126 According to the context, what does “forger” m ean?A. A forger is a person who opens a bookshop.B. A forger is a person who is good at his job.C. A forger is a person who loves to cheat people.D. A forger is a person who makes false things such as signatures.127.How did Spring make his first fortune?A. He prospered by selling fake signatures of VIP.B. He became rich by selling books.C. He became rich by selling his collection of real signatures.D. He received a large amount of money from one of his relatives.128.What was the trouble for forgers in their business mentioned in this passage?A. They could not find anyone who was willing to buy their forgeries.B. They found it very hard to forge the signatures of those famous people.C. They found it difficult to sell their forgeries to people with knowledge.D. They had no way to make their products attractive and true.129. According to the passage, what can be said about Spring?A. He was very good at forgery and earned money doing it.B. He tried many times to make good forgeries but failed.C. He could not meet the demand of Miss Fanny and was poor for a short time.D. He prospered on his forgery and extended his business to many parts of the world.130. What is the tone of this passage?A. Boastful.B. Approving.C. ObjectiveD. Critical.Passage ThreeQuestions 131 to 135 are based on the following passage.Computer programmer David Jones makes $35,000 a year designing new computer games, yet he cannot find a bank prepared to let him have a check card. Instead, he has been told to wait another two years, until he is 18.The 16-year-old works for a small firm in Liverpool, where the problem of most young people of his age is finding a job. David's firm puts two new games on the home market each month.But David's biggest headache is what to do with his money. In spite of his salary, made by inventing new programs within quite a short period of time, with bonus payments and profit sharing, he cannot drive a car, get some money from a bank to buy a house, or get credit cards He lives with his parents in their house in Liverpool, where his father is a bus driver. His firm has to pay $150 a month in taxi fares to get him the five miles to work and back every day because David cannot drive.David got his job with the firm a year after leaving school with six levels and working for a time in a computer shop. " I got the job because the people who run the firm knew I had already written some programs, he said."I suppose $35,000 sounds a lot but actually that's not good enough I hope it will come to more than that this year. " He spends some of his money on records and clothes, and gives his mother $20 a week. But most of his spare time is spent working."Unfortunately, computing was not part of our studies at school," he said. "But I had been studying it in books and magazines for four years in my spare time. I knew what I wanted to do and never considered staying on at school. Most people in this business are fairly young, any-way.David added, "I would like to earn a million and I suppose early retirement is a possibility. You never know when the market might disappear."131. Why is David different from other young people of his age?A. He earns a very high salary.B. He has no job.C. He does not go out much.D. He lives at home with his parents.132. David's greatest problem is _____.A. making the banks treat him as a grown-upB. inventing computer gamesC. spending his salaryD. learning to drive133. He was hired by the firm because _______.A. he had worked in a computer shopB. he had written some computer programsC. he works very hardD. he had learnt to use computers at school134. He left school after taking 0-levels because _______.A. he did not enjoy schoolB. he was afraid of getting too old to start computingC. he wanted to earn a lot of moneyD. he wanted to work with computers and staying at school did not help him135. Why does David think he might retire early?A. One has to be young to write computer programsB. He wants to stop working when he is a millionaireC. He thinks computer games might not always sell so wellD. He thinks his firm might go badPassage FourQuestions 136 to 140 are based on the following passage.In the course of thirty years, television has become the single most important form of entertainment in most American homes. While entertainment has been the focus up to the present, the real importance of television is only now being discovered.In the future, television communication will serve many significant functions in the home. Already we have cassette tapes of programs, and we are able to use the home screen to play gamessuch as electronic tennis. Eventually, students might prefer to talk to an instructor on television through special attachments to their home sets, and this could mean the end of public schools as we know them.Most of all, television will become a place for creative ideas. Instead of passively watching programs the way we do now, new developments will allow us to participate in shows and to feel and sense directly the emotions of the actors we watch. Also, there will be methods that will let us shape and create our own shows. We may even be able to press a button and have our own light show displayed on the screen. We will be able to think of animage and see that image flash on the screen in front of us. Different people in different places will be able to exchange ideas through television and even to interrupt and comment on shows for the benefit of performers in the television studio.Television is a necessary part of our technological future. Now is the time for us to consider it as a responsibility, so that, when the new inventions make it more interesting to watch television, our own ideas and creative talents will be ready and waiting to make the technology of television more beneficial for all.136. Which of the following statements is NOT mentioned in this passage?A. Now we are able to use the home screen to play games.B. Students might prefer to talk to an instructor on television.C. Japanese scientists have invented one kind of TV set.D. New developments will allow us to participate in shows.137. In the future, television will provide more __________.A. cassette tapes of programsB. viewer participation in shows.C. technique around the world.D. various shows to watch.138. The main idea for the second paragraph in this passage is found ___________.A. in the middle of the paragraphB. in the last sentenceC. in the first sentenceD. nowhere in the paragraph139. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. Some methods will let us shape and create our own shows.B. We may have our own light show displayed on the screen.C. We may have our image flashed on the screen in front of us.D. We will be able to make a kind of TV set in our own house.140. The best title for this passage if ____________.A. Audience Participation in Future Shows.B. How To Make A TV Set.C. Television And Its Technological Future.D. Watch Television.Passage FiveQuestions 141 to 145 are based on the following passage.Strange thing happens to time when you travel. Because the earth is divided into twenty-four timezones one hour apart, you can have days with more or fewer than twenty-four hours, and weeks with more or fewer than seven days.If you make a five-day trip across the Atlantic Ocean, your ship enters a different time zone every day. As you enter each zone, the time changes the hour. Travelling west, you set your clock back; traveling east, you set it ahead. Each day of your trip has either twenty-five or twenty-three hours.If you travel by ship across the Pacific you cross the international date line. By agreement, this is the point where a new day begins. When you cross the line, you change your calendar the full day, backward or forward. Traveling east, today becomes yesterday; traveling west, it is tomorrow!141. The best title for this selection is __________.A. A Trip Across the AtlanticB. How Time Changes Around the WorldC. Crossing the International Date LineD. How Time Zones Were Set Up.142. The difference in time between zones is __________.A. seven daysB. twenty-four hoursC. one hourD. more than seven days143. From this selection it seems true that the Atlantic Ocean _________.A. is in one time zoneB. is divided into twenty-four time zonesC. is divided into five times zones.D. cannot be crossed in five days.144. The international date line is the name for _________.A. the beginning of any new time zoneB. the point where time changes by one hour.C. the point where a new day begins.D. any time zone in the Pacific Ocean145. If you cross the ocean going east, you set your clock _________.A. ahead one hour in each new time zoneB. ahead one time for the whole tripC. back one full day for each one full dayD. ahead by twenty-three hoursPassage SixQuestions 146 to 150 are based on the following passage.When a man is taller and stronger than other men, he is sometimes called a giant (巨人). Many people think of Wilt chamberlain as a giant. He is so tall that he has a special, extra-long bed to sleep in and a special car with enough space for his long legs. During his playing days, Wilt was paid about $200000 a year. That was what the president of the United States earnedfor being president. At that time, it was more than any other athlete (运动员) in the entire history of sports had ever been paid.Wilt played for the Los Angeles Lakers team. He helped to make it the best team in the Western Division of the National Basketball Association, which is a group of the very finest professionalteams in the world. Wilt owns a beautiful apartment building in Los Angeles, which his mother lives, and another one in New York. He owns racehorses. He wears fine clothes. He owns an English Bentley (宾利) car.When Wilt was just seven years old, he took a job. He did not tell his mother or father, but one day his mother found out. She looked out into the street and saw Wilt lifting crates for a milkman. Mrs. Chamberlain told the milkman that Wilt was only seven. She said he shou ldn’t be lifting those heavy milk crates. “I thought he was twelve”, said the milkman.146. According to the passage, people called Wilt chamberlain _______.A. a good sportsmanB. a funny personC. a giantD. an excellent jumper147. What team did Wilt Chamberlain play for?A. The Philadelphia PhilliesB. The Seattle SeahawksC. The Los Angeles LakersD. The California Star Team148. Who else earned as much money doing his job each year as Wilt earned playing basketball? A. The head of CTA B. The pitcher for the Dodgers.C. The film starsD. The president of the United States149. Since there were other players as tall as Wilt Chamberlain, why do you think he could be such a famous basketball player?B. Because he was so good at the sport.C. Because he made so much money.D. Because he played for the finest professional team.150. According to the passage, which of the following words best describes Wilt’s desire to work when he was seven?A. HonestyB. AmbitionC. IndependenceD. Happiness四、Directions: Translate the following sentences.Section A: Translate the following sentences from Chinese into English.151. 是现代技术使我们走向成功。

北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试2013.05.11答案详解Part I Reading Comprehension1.【答案】A【考点】细节判断题【详解】从文章第一段的最后一句，我们可以找C.diabetes糖尿病，D.liver disease 肝病，B.weight gain体重增加等词汇，没有提到A.heart disease心脏病，故A 为正确答案。

2.【答案】C【考点】主旨题【详解】从第三段的第一句So how did researchers study fat cells in the Annals paper?研究人员如何研究了脂肪细胞的变化？随后的文字也是描述研究实验的过程和发现，C.how the research was conducted研究是怎样被实施的？是该段的主要意思。

故C为正确答案。

3.【答案】D【考点】指代题【详解】首先定位该词在文中的位置，在最后一句However,when fat cells start to become insulin resistant,the lipids star to leach out of the fat cells and rise in the bloodstream.通过上下文可以猜出leach是“过滤”的意思。

A.Leap.跳跃；B.Lead 引导；C.Lean倚靠；D.Leak漏出。

故D为正确答案。

4.【答案】B【考点】细节推理题【详解】可用排除法确定该题正确答案，文章谈到了如果fat cells（脂肪细胞）如果对insulin(胰岛素)不做出反应，将会引起血糖升高，故A正确；fat cells（脂肪细胞）对人体有好处，故D为正确；文章第二段More than1in5of us,according to a report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,is getting six or fewer hours of sleep per night,on average.可以看出超出20%的美国人没有足够的睡眠，故C正确；全文没有提到越来越多正在实施对睡眠和体重之间关系的研究。