一、选择题
1．—Let's think about _______ A Bite of China tonight?
—That sounds good!
A．watch B．watching C．to watch D．watches 2．—Do you prefer basketball with me?
一No,I’d rather at home and watch TV.
A．play;stay B．to play;to stay
C．play;to stay D．to play;stay
3．If you really don’t know _______ at the party, you can come to me.
A．who will you talk with B．who to talk
C．who to talk to D．who you will talk
4．—You don’t know what great difficulty I had ________ to get the two tickets.
—But the film is really worth _________ twice.
A．managing; seeing B．to manage; seeing C．managing; being seen D．managed; to see
5．Our parents won't allow us _____ in the river alone.
A．swim
B．to swim
C．swimming
D．swam
6．—It’s time _____ lunch.
—OK. Let’s _____.
A．for; go B．for; going C．to; going D．to; go 7．— Mr. Wang, I have trouble __________ the text.
— Remember __________ it three times at least.
A．to understand；reading
B．understanding；to read
C．understanding；reading
D．to understand；to read
8．Dan shows an interest in musical instruments and is often heard _____ the guitar. A．play B．played C．playing D．to play
9．The snow makes them______ cold, so they want to make a fire_______ warm.
A．feel , to keep B．to feel, keep C．feel, keep D．to feel ,to keep 10．It usually takes him half an hour ________ the homework.
A．finish B．finishing C．to finish
11．The journey made them ________very tired.
A．to feel B．feeling C．feel
12．I don’t know how________there. I need to look at the map.
A．to get B．to get to C．get
13．We should do sports _________ us ________ fit. So I play basketball every day.
A．to help; keep B．help; keeps C．help; keep D．to help; keeping 14．—What about_____________?
—That’s a good idea,
A．go shopping B．going shop C．going shopping D．go to shop 15．It is important for everyone ________his promise in his life.
A．keep B．to keep C．keeping D．kept 16．—It’s too hot. Would you mind my________ the window?
— ________, please do it now.
A．to open; OK B．opening; Certainly not C．opening; Of course D．to open; Good idea
17．—Why are you so excited today?
—We were told ____ a picnic this weekend.
A．have B．to have
C．having D．had
18．It's worth ________ a talk with your friends before you make your final decision. A．to have B．having C．have D．has
19．— Have you considered ________Robert some help?
— Yeah. I have already promised to lend him some money.
A．give B．to give C．giving D．to giving 20．—It’s necessary ____ our environment.
—I agree with you.
A．protect B．protecting C．to protect D．protects 21．Tom plans to Australia this summer but I would like America.
A．to go, visiting B．to go, to visit C．going, to visit 22．Practicing English as often as you can is the best way ________ it .
A．learn B．learning C．to learn D．for learn 23．—Each year, ________fishes are killed by the________water.
—So we should do something to stop it!
A．million of; polluting B．two millions; polluted
C．millions of; polluted D．two million; polluting
24．Our class teacher told us ________ in the playground now for it is wet now.
A．to play B．not to play C．played D．don’t play 25．Which of the following is right?
A．He is used to live there.
B．My main job is spreading the message about protecting the environment.
C．I have borrowed the book from the library for two weeks.
D．Kids under 18 are not allowed to drive.
26．—Why did his car run into the tree?
— hitting the little boy.
A．To avoid B．Avoid C．Avoiding D．Avoided
27．The menu has so many good things! I can’t decide ____.
A．what to eat B．how to eat
C．where to eat D．when to eat
28．At the party, Lucy ________ like a Mickey Mouse to make us ________.
A．dressed up, laugh B．dressed up, to laugh C．dressed on, laugh D．dressed on, to laugh 【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除
一、选择题
1．B
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：——让我们考虑一下看今晚《舌尖上的中国》？——听起来不错！
考查动词。watch看；watching(watch的动名词形式)；to watch(watch的不定式形式)；watches(watch的单三形式)。think about考虑……，about是介词，后加动名词。故选B。2．D
解析：D
【解析】
句意：——你喜欢和我一起打篮球吗？——不，我宁愿呆在家里看电视。根据第一个空格前面的词语是prefer，因此可知第一句话考查的是prefer的用法，prefer经常用于结构"prefer to do sth．"意思是"喜欢做某事"；又根据第二个空前面的词语是would rather，因此可知第二个句子考查的是"would rather"的用法，意思是"宁愿，宁可"，后面跟动词原形，"would rather do sth."意思是“宁愿做某事”。综上所述，故答案选D。
3．C
解析：C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：如果你真的不知道在聚会上和谁说话，你可以来找我。who will you talk with这是who引导的宾语从句，从句中应用陈述语序，故排除A；who to talk中缺少介词to；who to talk to和谁说话，是疑问词who+动词不定式结构；who you will talk中缺少介词to。故应选C。
4．A
解析：A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
试题分析: 句意：---你不知道我试图得到两张票有多大的困难。---但是电影值得看两遍。此题考查固定短语have difficulty doing sth 做某事有困难，be worth doing事值得做；根据句意，故选A。
5．B
解析：B
【解析】句意：我们的父母不允许我们单独去河里游泳。A. swim动词原形；B. to swim动词不定式；C. swimming分词形式；D. swam过去式。Allow sb to do sth允许某人做某事。故答案选B。
点睛：接动词不定式作宾语补足语的常见动词：advise. 建议；allow 允许；ask 请(叫)；encourage.鼓励；expect 期望；help. 帮助；invite. 邀请； like 喜欢；need需要；order命令；prefer. 宁愿teach .教；tell 告诉；want. 想；warn. 警告；wish希望等。
6．A
解析：A
【解析】
试题分析：句意：午饭的时间到了。好，让我们走吧。it is time for sth =" it" is time to do sth ,到做···的时间了。let 后加动词原形。故选D。
考点：考查固定句式。
7．B
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：——王老师，我理解课文有困难。——记住至少读三遍。
考查固定短语。understanding动名词形式；reading动名词形式；to understand动词不定式；to read动词不定式。have trouble (in) doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“做某事有困难”，故第一个空应填入动名词understanding，A、D选项可排除。remember to do sth.意为“记得去做某事”，remember doing sth.意为“记得做过某事”。根据句意可知，“读三遍课文”这一动作还未做过，故空格处应用“remember to do sth.”结构，故选B。
【点睛】
have trouble (in) doing sth.意为“做某事有困难”，后常接动名词作宾语，其中in可以省略。例如：
He was having trouble (in) hearing her. 他发现要听清楚她说话很困难。
remember to do与remember doing的区别：
remember to do意为“记得去做……”（这件事还没有做过）
remember doing意为“记得做过……”（这件事已经做过）
解析：D
【解析】句意：丹对乐器很感兴趣，经常听吉他演奏。考查动词形式辨析题。hear sb. do
表示听到了动作的全过程，hear sb. doing表示听到动作正在进行或反复。本句听到的不是正在进行的动作，需用hear him play the guitar；但本句and后面是被动语态，原来省略to 的不定式需恢复to，即be heard to do；根据句意结构和语境，可知选D。
9．A
解析：A
【解析】
句意：雪让他们感觉得很冷，所以他们想生火取暖。make sb．do sth．让某人做某事，make使役动动词，后接动词原形，排除B和D； make a fire生火，"生火的目的是取暖"，这里要用动词不定式短语作目的状语，排除C；故答案选A。
10．C
解析：C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：通常完成家庭作业他要花费半个小时的时间。
考查动词不定式。本句中有固定句型It takes sb some time to do sth，此处It为形式主语，真正的主语是后边的动词不定式。finish动词原形；finishing动名词；to finish动词不定式。故选C。
11．C
解析：C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：这次旅行使他们感到很累。
考查动词非谓语。to feel动词不定式；feeling动名词；feel感觉，动词原形。make sb do sth. 让某人干某事，make+宾语+省to不定式作宾补，是固定句式；故答案选C。
12．A
解析：A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：我不知道怎样去那里，我需要去看看地图。
考查动词不定式。根据I don’t know how ____there.可知句意为：我不知道怎样去那里。这里是“疑问词+动词不定式”在句中作宾语，how to do sth. 意为“如何做某事”，固定用法；get to到达，但地点副词there之前应省略介词to；故答案选A。
解析：A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：我们应该做运动来帮助我们保持健康。所以我每天都打篮球。
此空是“我们应该做运动目的是保持健康”。排除BC；短语help sb. do sth.表示帮助某人做某事；短语keep fit表示保持健康。根据题意，故选A。
14．C
解析：C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：——去购物怎样？——那可是个好提议。
考查非谓语动词。what about doing sth？做某事怎么样，提建议的句式。about是介词，所以后面加名词或者动名词。go shopping去购物，固定搭配。结合句意，故选C。
15．B
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：对每个人来说，在生活中遵守诺言是很重要的。
考查非谓语。keep保持，动词原形；to keep保持，动词不定式；keeping保持，现在分词或动名词形式；kept保持，过去式或过去分词；根据句意理解及句子结构分析可知，这里是不定式的逻辑主语结构，英语是It is adj for sb to do sth，这里It是形式主语，句子真正的主语是动词不定式，所以这里应该用不定式，故选B。
16．B
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：---天气太热了。你介意我打开窗户吗？----当然不介意，现在就打开吧。Would you mind +动词-ing. Would you mind my doing...?意为"你是否介意我做某事?"回答时，不介意用no或certainly not. 故选B。
【点睛】
Would you mind +动词-ing.
17．B
解析：B
【分析】
【详解】
句意：——你今天为什么这么兴奋？——我们被告知这个周末去野餐。
考查非谓语动词。tell sb. to do sth:告诉某人做某事;sb be told to do sth:某人被告诉要做某事（被动语态）。故选B。
18．B
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：在你做最后决定之前，和你的朋友谈谈是值得的。
考查非谓语动词。to hav e a talk with …和……谈谈，动词不定式；having a talk with …和……谈谈，动名词；have a talk with …和……谈谈，动词原形；has a talk with …和……谈谈；第三人称单数。短语be worth doing sth.表示值得做某事，主动结构表达被动含义。根据题意，故选B。
19．C
解析：C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：——你考虑过给罗伯特一些帮助吗？——我已经答应借给他一些钱。
考查动词形式辨析。give给，to give是不定式结构，giving是动名词形式，to giving介词+动名词。consider doing sth. 考虑做某事，固定短语；根据句意结构，故选C。
20．C
解析：C
【解析】
【详解】
句意：——保护我们的环境是必要的。——我同意你的看法。
考查it固定结构。本句是固定句型“It’s + adj. + to do sth.”结构，表示“做某事是……的”，it是形式主语，to do sth. 是真正的主语。根据句意结构，故选C。
【点睛】
当不定式、动名词、从句等复杂成分用作句子主语时，为保持句子平衡，通常把真正的主语放在句末，而在句首使用形式主语it。“It + be + adj.
21．B
解析：B
【解析】
【详解】
句意：汤姆计划今年夏天去澳大利亚，但我想去美国。
考查非谓语。to go去，动词不定式；visiting参观，现在分词或者动名词形式；going去，现在分词或动名词形式；to visit参观，动词不定式；根据句意理解可知，第一空表达“计划做某事”，英语是plan to do sth，所以这里要用不定式，而第二空表达的是“想要做某事”，英语是would like to do sth，所以这里也用不定式结构，故选B。
22．C
解析：C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：尽可能多地练习英语是学习英语的最好方法。
考查非谓语动词。learn学习；原形；learning学习，动名词；to learn学习，动词不定式；for learn语法错误。此处是动词不定式做后置定语；the best way to learn it学习它的最好的方法。根据题意，故选C。
23．C
解析：C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：——每年，数百万的鱼死于被污染的水。——所以我们应该做点什么来阻止它！
考查大数的表达和过去分词作定语。million of错误的表达方式；two millions错误的表达方式；millions of数百万的；two million两百万。分析第一处可知，此处表示数百万或两百万均可，排除A和B。polluting现在分词；polluted过去分词。分析第二处可知，此处表示“被污染的水”，使用过去分词充当形容词作定语，修饰其后的名词water。故选C。
【点睛】
英语中大数的表达方式有两种：一是“基数词+hundred/thousand”，二是
“hundreds/thousands of”。例如：two hundred books/hundreds of books。
24．B
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：我们的班主任告诉我们现在不要在操场上玩，因为现在是湿的。
考查非谓语。to play玩，动词不定式；not to play不要玩，动词不定式否定形式；played 玩，过去式或者过去分词；don’t play不要玩，一般现在时否定；根据句意理解及句子结构分析可知，句中已经有动词told，所以这里不能再用动词结构，所以排除D选项，而由for it is wet now可知，这里表达的是“告诉某人不要做某事”，英语是tell sb not to do srh，所以
这里应该用不定式做宾语补足语，且要用否定形式，故选B。
25．D
解析：D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：下列哪个选项是正确的?
A项He is used to live there.句中be used to 表示习惯做某事，后接doing，原句中live是动词原形，应填living，故A错误，正确为He is used to living there；B项中My main job is spreading the massage about protecting the environment.本句为主系表结构，表语应该为动词不定式形式，不应该用动名词形式，正确为My main job is to spread the message about protecting the environment.故B项错误。C项I have borrowed the book from the library for two weeks. 句中有时间状语for two weeks，故用现在完成时态，谓语动词为borrowed，是非延续性动词，不能与一段时间连用，应该用kept，故正确为I have kept the book from the library for two weeks. 故C项错误。D项Kids under 18 are not allowed to drive.为被动语态，此项正确。故选D。
26．A
解析：A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：——他的车为什么撞到树上了?——为了避免撞到这个小男孩。
考查动词不定式。avoid动词，避免，后接动名词，表示“避免做某事”。To avoid 动词不定式，表目的；Avoid 动词原形；Avoiding 动名词；Avoided 过去式和过去分词。根据句意可知，此处表示让车撞向树的目的是为了避免撞到小孩子，故用动词不定式作目的状语。故选A。
27．A
解析：A
【解析】
试题分析：句意：菜单上有这么多的好东西! 我不能决定吃什么。what to eat吃什么； how to eat 怎样吃；where to eat在哪里吃；when to eat什么时候吃。所以选A。
考点：考查非谓语动词。
28．A
解析：A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：在晚会上，露西打扮成米老鼠让我们笑。
考查动词短语和非谓语动词。dressed up装扮；dressed on形式错误；to laugh动词不定
式；laugh动词原形，根据第二个空make sb. do让某人做某事，使动词后用省to的动词不定式，故可排除B和D，再根据dress up like，装扮得像…，可知可排除C，故选A。
非谓语动词（不定式、动名词） 【考点概述】 非谓语动词的本意是不能做谓语的词性，但是它具有谓语动词的性质。非谓语动词是英语中特有的，在汉语中没有此概念。所以在掌握此语法是比较困难的，在平时的备考之中应注意多多练习。 【考点释义】 考点一：不定式 （1）构成：to+动词原形（do）如： I like to swim. 注意：不定式有省“to”的不定式和不省“to”的不定式两类，但多数以不省“to”的不定式为主。如：I heard him (to)sing. 我听到他在唱歌。 （2）句法功能： 1. 作主语 在英语中为了避免头重脚轻，当不定式作主语时有时主语太长时我们用形式主语“it”来作“形式主语”，将真正主语移植动词不定时之后。形式主语也就是我们所说的“不定式的复合结构”。其构成为“It +be +(for/of sb) to do sth. 如： ① It is very important ( us) to study English. = To study English is very important for us. 学英语对我们来说是很重要的 ② It is very kind ( you) to help me. = To help me is very kind of you. 你帮助我太好了。 【易错警示】我们在区别“of”和“for”的方法如下： 当介词“of”或“for”后面接的代词与前面形容词之间能否构成主谓逻辑关系就决定是用介词“of”或“for”。如果能够成主谓逻辑关系时我们使用介词“of”，反之则用介词“for”。例如上述两个例子。 ①It is very important (for us) to study English. Us is very important.（不成立） 由于不能构成主谓关系，所以用介词“for”。 ②It is very kind (of you) to help me. You are very kind. (成立) 由于构成主谓关系，所以用介词“of”。 2. 作宾语 当动词不定式作宾语是表示的是一种打算、希望、命令等。如: ① I want to read English magazines every day. 我每天想读英语杂志。（表想，希望） ② I determine to go for a long holiday. 我决定去度一个长假。（表打算，决定）【归纳】常接不定式作宾语的动词有如下： want determine decide hope plan except would like 等。 3. 作宾补 当动词不定时作宾补即宾语补足语时宾补与宾语之间就会构成主谓的逻辑关系，宾补成立的条件唯此一条。 接不定式作宾补的动词有：“advice”、“ask”、“force”、“persuade”、
初中英语语法非谓语动词专项练习 1. The first textbooks _______ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. A. having written B. to be written C. being written D. written 2. —You were brave enough to raise objection at the meeting. —Well, now I regret _______ that. A. to do B. to be doing C. to have done D. having done 3. We agreed _______ here but so far she hasn’t turned up yet. A. having met B. meeting C. to meet D. to have met 4. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _______. A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not do 5. Paul doesn’t have to be made _______. He always works hard. A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning 6. _______ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him. A. Losing B. Having lost C. Lost D. To lost 7. The patient was warned _______ oily food after the operation. A. to eat not B. eating not C. not to eat D. not eating
英语语法大全 初中英语语法学习提纲 一、词类、句子成分和构词法： 1、词类：英语词类分十种： 名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.)：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. 2、代词(pron.)：主要用来代替名词。如：who, she, you, it . 3、形容词(adj..)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。如：good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。如：am, is,are,have,see . 6、副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等如：now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7、冠词(art..)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如：a, an, the. 8、介词(prep.)：表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in, on, from, above, behind. 9、连词(conj.)：用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before .
10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如：oh, well, hi, hello. 2、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。如：I’m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。如：Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、代词或形容词担任。如：My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。 如：He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词) 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如：He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了一封信) 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。如：He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信) 5、定语修饰名词或代词,通常由形容词、代词、数词等担任。如： Shanghai is a big city .(上海是个大城市)
非谓语动词就是不能作句子谓语而具有其他语法功能的动词。 主语/表语： 不定式和ing分词均能作主语，二者有何区别？ 1.表示某一具体的动作时，多用不定式；表示比较抽象的一般行为倾向的，多用动名词。 2.动名词作主语时通常位于句首；不定式作主语时常置于句末，用it作形式主语放在句首。 1) Smoking is prohibited(禁止)here. 2) It is not very good for you to smoke so much. Seeing is believing. To see is to believe. 若主语和表语都是非谓语动词, 应保持形式上的一致。
宾语： 1. 有些动词后只跟不定式作宾语，如： …… manage, promise, pretend, plan, offer, agree, ask, dare, choose, fail, help(帮助)，want(想要) , refuse等。 决心学会想希望，拒绝设法愿假装。 主动答应选计划，同意请求帮一帮。 2. 有些动词后只跟动名词作宾语，如： ……practise, appreciate, dislike, excuse, forgive, keep, resist, risk, deny, advise, fancy, complete, forbid, permit, allow, stand, refer to, give up, lead to, take to, set about, get down to, object to, succeed in, have difficulty in... 考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想。 避免错过继续练，否认完成就欣赏。 禁止想象才冒险，不禁介意准逃亡。 3.有些动词如begin, start; love, like, hate, prefer后既可以跟不定式又可以跟ing分词作宾语，意义上无多大区别(但ing分词一般表示经常性的行为；不定式表示具体的行为)。 4.有些动词后既可以跟不定式，又可以跟动名词作宾语，但意义上有明显差别。go on (stop/remember/regret)to do/doing can’t help to do / doing try to do/ doing mean to do（打算）/ doing（意味）be used to do / doing ( get used to doing)(used to do) 5.动词need, require, want作“需要”，deserve作“应受，应得”，主动表被动 定语： 不定式、ing 分词和过去分词都可以作定语，主要区别在于它们的时态意义和语态意义。 分词作定语与动词不定式作定语的区别是：现在分词表示主动、进行之意；过去分词表示被动与完成；而不定式表示在谓语动词表示的动作之后即将发生的动作。 不定式用来修饰序数词、最高级或no, all, any等限定词的中心词，表主动关系。 E.g.: The car to be bought is for his sister. / He was the best man to do the job. The houses being built are for the teachers. Developing countries/ developed countries 补语： 1.能接带to的不定式作宾语补足语和主语补足语的动词有：ask, advise, tell, force, get, allow, want, wish, like, hate, prefer, intend,expect, encourage, persuade, permit, request,order, warn, cause等。 Think, consider, believe, suppose, feel等后常用“to be....”作补语。 E.g.: You are not allowed to smoke here. People considered him to be a great leader. 2.使役动词，感官动词接不带to 的不定式作宾语补足语。常见的使役动词有make, let, have等；感官动词有see, hear, watch, observe, notice, feel以及look at, listen to等。 ◆“吾看三室两厅一感觉”---5看（look at, see, watch, notice, observe）3使（make,
一、选择题 1．—Let's think about _______ A Bite of China tonight? —That sounds good! A．watch B．watching C．to watch D．watches 2．—Do you prefer basketball with me? 一No,I’d rather at home and watch TV. A．play;stay B．to play;to stay C．play;to stay D．to play;stay 3．If you really don’t know _______ at the party, you can come to me. A．who will you talk with B．who to talk C．who to talk to D．who you will talk 4．—You don’t know what great difficulty I had ________ to get the two tickets. —But the film is really worth _________ twice. A．managing; seeing B．to manage; seeing C．managing; being seen D．managed; to see 5．Our parents won't allow us _____ in the river alone. A．swim B．to swim C．swimming D．swam 6．—It’s time _____ lunch. —OK. Let’s _____. A．for; go B．for; going C．to; going D．to; go 7．— Mr. Wang, I have trouble __________ the text. — Remember __________ it three times at least. A．to understand；reading B．understanding；to read C．understanding；reading D．to understand；to read 8．Dan shows an interest in musical instruments and is often heard _____ the guitar. A．play B．played C．playing D．to play 9．The snow makes them______ cold, so they want to make a fire_______ warm. A．feel , to keep B．to feel, keep C．feel, keep D．to feel ,to keep 10．It usually takes him half an hour ________ the homework. A．finish B．finishing C．to finish 11．The journey made them ________very tired. A．to feel B．feeling C．feel 12．I don’t know how________there. I need to look at the map.
七年级（上） 1. f amily name = last name 姓first name = given name 名字 2. 用某种语言用介词in （如in English ） 3. 电话用语中this that 回答 “I s that Mr.H ” “Yes ，it is ” 4. h at 有边沿的帽子cap 有帽舌的帽子 5.名词的复数形式：①一般+s ②s,x,ch,sh, 结尾的+es ③辅音字母+y 去y 为I，+es ④o 结尾，除了negro hero tomato potato +es ，其余+s ⑥特殊名词复数形式 6.应对道谢Y ou are welcome = That ’s all right =That ’s OK = Not at all = It ’s my pleasure. 7.Here you are = Here it is = It is here 倒装句here +be + 名词here + 代词+be 8. i n 年月季节on 日星期几节日at 钟点 9. j oin 参加加入（团体组织）take part in 参加（活动） 10. be busy doing 11. be strict with sb be strict in sth 12. bring+ 人或物+to + 地点把? 带到某地 bring+ 人或物+for+ 人给某人带来? 13. start doing start + 名词 start to do 的情况：主语是物不是人;start 本身为s t arting 时;其后的动词与想法感情有关14. what time is it ？=what ’s time ？询问钟点回答：It is ? .（一律） 单词：trumpet 喇叭racket （网球羽毛球）球拍plural 复数，复数形式，复数的ninth 第九furniture 家具February 二月eraser 橡皮擦dresser 梳妆台 drum 鼓documentary 纪录片description 描述broccoli 花椰菜biology 生物学comedy 喜剧singular 单数plural 复数 七年级（下） 1. hear from sb. 收到? 的来信 2. be friendly to 对?友好 3. another 另一，再一 other 其他的，别的（无范围）+ 名词（复数） the other 两个中的另一个（通常搭配one? the other ? ） others 其他的人或物（代词） the others 多个中的剩余几个（不加名词，通常搭配some ? .the others ? ） 4. what+be+ 主语?=what do/does+ 主语+do ？询问职业 5. be surprised + at sth./to do sth./ 句子 6. in the corner 屋里某个角落 on the corner = at the corner 街头某个拐角处 7. every day 每天（状语）everyday 日常每天的adj.+ n.. 8. in the tree 在树上（非树本身的一部分）on the tree 在树上（树上的一部分） 9. in hospital 住院in the hospital 在医院工作 10. agree with sb agree to sth 答应agree on/upon/about 达成一致意见 11. tell ? from ? 把? 与? 区别开来 ***
非谓语动词就是不能作句子谓语而具有其他语法功能的动词 I非谓语动词有哪些不冋的形式？— 不定式除一般式.完成式以外还有一进行式 主语/表语： 不定式和ing分词均能作主语，二者有何区别？ 1.表示某一具体的动作时，多用不定式；表示比较抽象的一般行为倾向的，多用动名词。 2.动名词作主语时通常位于句首；不定式作主语时常置于句末」it作形式主语放在句首。 1）Smok ing is prohibited 禁止）here. 2）It is not very good for you to smoke so much. -See ing is believ ing. *-To see is to believe. 若主语和表语都是非谓语动词，应保持形式上的一致。 { no use/good 1 not stoy t, - 0 +Sill.
of little usc/good useless
宾语： 1.有些动词后只跟不定式作宾语，如： ... man age, promise, prete nd, pla n, ofer, agree, ask, dare, choose, fail, he帮助）,want（想要）,refuse等。 决心学会想希望，拒绝设法愿假装。 主动答应选计划，同意请求帮一帮。 2.有些动词后只跟动名词作宾语，如： ... practise, appreciate, dislike, excuse, forgive, keep, resist, risk, deny, advise, fancy, complete, forbid, permit, allow, sta nd, refer to, give up, lead to, take to, set about, get dow n to, object to, succeed in, have difficulty in … 考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想。 避免错过继续练，否认完成就欣赏。 禁止想象才冒险，不禁介意准逃亡。 3.有些动词如begin, start; love, like, hate, prefer后既可以跟不定式又可以跟ing分词作宾语，意义上无多大区别（但ing分词一般表示经常性的行为；不定式表示具体的行为）。 4.有些动词后既可以跟不定式，又可以跟动名词作宾语，但意义上有明显差别。 go on （stop/remember/regret）to do/do ing can' t help to do / doing try to do/ doing mean to do （打算）/ doing （意味）be used to do / doing （get used to doing）（used to do） 5.动词need, require, want作“需要”，deserve作“应受，应得”，主动表被动定语： 不定式、ing分词和过去分词都可以作定语，主要区别在于它们的时态意义和语态意义。 分词作定语与动词不定式作定语的区别是：现在分词表示主动、进行之意；过去分词表示被动与完成；而不定式表示在谓语动词表示的动作之后即将发生的动作。 不定式用来修饰序数词、最高级或no, all, any等限定词的中心词，表主动关系。 E.g.: The car to be bought is for his sister. / He was the best man to do the job. The houses being built are for the teachers. Develop ing coun tries/ developed coun tries 补语： 1.能接带to的不定式作宾语补足语和主语补足语的动词有：ask, advise, tell, force, get, allow, want, wish, like, hate, prefer, i nten d,expect, en courage, persuade, permit, request,order, warn, caus等0 Think, consider, believe, suppose, fee等后常用“ to be....”作补语。 E.g.: You are not allowed to smoke here. People con sidered him to be a great leader. 2.使役动词，感官动词接不带to的不定式作宾语补足 语。常见的使役动词有 make, let, have等；感官动词有see, hear, watch, observe, notice, fee以及look at, listen to 等。
七年级（上） 1.family name = last name 姓first name = given name 名字 2. 用某种语言用介词in （如in English） 3. 电话用语中this that 回答 “Is that Mr.H” “Yes，it is” 4.hat 有边沿的帽子cap 有帽舌的帽子 5.名词的复数形式：①一般+s ②s,x,ch,sh,结尾的+es ③辅音字母+y 去y为I，+es ④o结尾，除了negro hero tomato potato +es，其余+s ⑥特殊名词复数形式 6.应对道谢You are welcome = That’s all right =That’s OK = Not at all = It’s my pleasure. 7.Here you are = Here it is = It is here 倒装句here +be +名词here +代词+be 8.in 年月季节on 日星期几节日at 钟点 9.join 参加加入（团体组织）take part in 参加（活动） 10. be busy doing 11.be strict with sb be strict in sth 12.bring+人或物+to +地点把…带到某地 bring+人或物+for+人给某人带来… 13. start doing start +名词 start to do的情况：主语是物不是人;start本身为starting时;其后的动词与想法感情有关14.what time is it？=what’s time？询问钟点回答：It is….（一律） 单词：trumpet喇叭racket（网球羽毛球）球拍plural复数，复数形式，复数的ninth第九furniture家具February二月eraser橡皮擦dresser梳妆台 drum鼓documentary纪录片description描述broccoli花椰菜biology生物学 comedy喜剧singular单数plural复数 七年级（下） 1.hear from sb. 收到…的来信 2.be friendly to 对…友好 3.another 另一，再一 other 其他的，别的（无范围）+名词（复数） the other 两个中的另一个（通常搭配one…the other…） others 其他的人或物（代词） the others 多个中的剩余几个（不加名词，通常搭配some….the others…） 4.what+be+主语?=what do/does+主语+do？询问职业 5.be surprised + at sth./to do sth./句子 6.in the corner 屋里某个角落 on the corner = at the corner 街头某个拐角处 7.every day 每天（状语）everyday 日常每天的adj.+ n.. 8. in the tree 在树上（非树本身的一部分）on the tree 在树上（树上的一部分） 9.in hospital 住院in the hospital 在医院工作 10. agree with sb agree to sth 答应agree on/upon/about 达成一致意见 11.tell…from…把…与…区别开来
初中英语语法-非谓语动词的讲解
初中英语语法非谓语动词的讲解 非谓语动词指的是在句中起名词，形容词或副词作用的动词形式，而不是作谓语的动词形式。动词的非谓语形式分为动名词，分词，动词不定式。 Climbing mountain is a good exercise. (Climbing..., 动名词起名词作用） Do you know the man wearing a white shirt. （wearing ..分词起形容词作用） He gets up early to catch the first bus. (to catch ...不定式起副词作用) 谓语动词和非谓语动词的区别： 1) 谓语动词在句中可单独作谓语， 而非谓语动词不能单独作谓语。 Miss Mary teaches us English. 玛丽教我们英语。（teaches 动词作谓语） Mr. Li came to our classroom to have a talk with us last week. （to have a talk.... 不定式作状语）2) 谓语动词受主语的人称和数的 限制，而非谓语动词形式没有这种限制。
4 非谓语动词在句中可以当成名词或者形容词来使用。 Our coming made him happy.（coming 起名词作用） There are two big swimming pools here. (swimming 起形容词作用) 非谓语动词的形式变化： 不定式主动 被动 一般 to write to be written 进行 to be writing 完成 to have written to have been written 完成进行 to have been writing 现在分词主动 被动 一般 writing being written 完成 having written having been written
初一至初三全程英语知识点总结及练习 初一年级(上) 【知识梳理】 I. 重点短语 1. Sit down 2. on duty 3. in English 4. have a seat 5. at home 6. look like 7. look at 8. have a look 9. come on 10. at work 11. at school 12. put on 13. look after 14. get up 15. go shopping II. 重要句型 1. help sb. do sth. 2. What about ?? 3. Let's do sth. 4. It's time to do sth. 5. It's time for ? 6. What's ?? It is ?/ It's ? 7. Where is ?? It's ?. 8. How old are you? I'm ?. 9. What class are you in? I'm in ?. 10. Welcome to ?. 【名师讲解】 1.in/on 在表示空间位置时， in 表示在某个空间 的范围以内， 例如： There is a bird in the tree. 树上有只鸟。 2. this/that/these/those (1) this 常常用来指在时间、地点上更接近讲话 人的人和事， 时间、地点上离讲话人更远一点的 人和事， look in that one over there. 11. What's ?plus ?? It's ?. 12. I think ? 13. Who's this? This is ?. 14. What can you see ？ I can see ?. 15. There is (are) ?. 16. What color is it (are they)? It's (They're) ? 17. Whose ?is this? It's ?. 18. What time is it? It's ?. III. 交际用语 1. Good morning, Miss/Mr ?. 2. Hello! Hi! 3. Nice to meet you. Nice to meet you, too. 4. How are you? I'm fine, thank you/thanks. And you? 5. See you. See you later. 6. Thank you! You're welcome. 7. Goodbye! Bye! 8. What's your name? My name is ?. 9. Here you are. This way, please. 10. Who's on duty today? 11. Let's do. 12. Let me see. IV. 重要语法 those 时 that 的复数形式。 你看看这个盒子，我去看那边的那个盒 子。 on 表示在某一个物体的表面之上。 There is a picture on the wall. 墙上有张图。 these 是 this 的复数形式。 that 常常用来指在 例如： You look in this box and I'll
高考英语非谓语动词知识点知识点训练及答案(6) 一、选择题 1．With the electric map ____ in the car____ the exact position, the driver can drive in the right direction of the destination. A．fixing; showing B．fixed; shown C．fixed; showing D．fixing; show 2．(2015·北京)___________the early flight, we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early. A．Catching B．Caught C．To catch D．Catch 3．By no means ________ when we try to create a global brand. A．the cultural factor is to neglect B．is the cultural factor to neglect C．the cultural factor is to be neglected D．is the cultural factor to be neglected 4．_______a striking look with a sea of lavender flowers, Guli has become a famous attraction in Nanjing. A．Wearing B．To wear C．To be wearing D．Having won 5．I ______ her to the party but I didn’t get her phone number. A．had planned to invite B．have planned to invite C．planned to invite D．was planning to have invited 6．The president promised to keep all the board members _____ of how the negotiations were going on． A．inform B．informing C．be informed D．informed 7．All those ________ the pop singing group cheered, applauding as they sang. A．watched B．was watching C．watching D．to watch 8．The drinking age in Britain is eighteen, but fourteen-year-olds_________ may enter a pub if they order a meal. A．not to accompany B．not to be accompanied C．unaccompanied D．not accompanying 9．After a long journey across the whole of Europe from north to south, they found themselves _________out as well as their clothes. A．wear B．wore C．wearing D．worn 10．I missed the last bus and had no money for a taxi，so I could do nothing but ____ home last night. A．to walking B．walk C．walking D．walked 11．Rose couldn't stand . A．being made fun of B．making fun of C．to make fun of D．being made fun
初中英语语法大全汇总 （一） 一.词类(Parts of Speech) 名词英文名称The Noun(缩写为n.) 表示人或事物的名称例词boy,clock,book等 冠词英文名称The Article(缩写为art.) 用在名词前帮助说明名词所指的人和或事物。例词a(an),the 代词英文名称The Pronoun(缩写为pron) 用来代替名词、形容词或是数词例词we,that,his,what 形容词英文名称The Adjective(缩写为adj.) 用以修饰名词,表示人或事物的特征 例词old,red,fine,good. 数词英文名称The Numeral(缩写为num.) 表示数量或是顺序。例词one,thirteen first 动词英文名称The Verb(缩写为v.) 表示动作或状态。例词sit,go,be(am,is,are) 副词英文名称The Adverb(缩写为adv.) 修饰动词、形容词或其他副词。例词not too,here,very 介词英文单词The Preposition(缩写为prep.) 表示名词、代词等和句中其他词的关系。例词in,on,of,to,under. 连词英文单词The Conjunction(缩写为conj.) 用来连接词与词、短语与短语或句与句。例词and,or,but. 感叹词英文单词The Interjection(缩写为interj.) 表示说话时的喜悦、惊讶等情感。例词oh,hello,hi,er. 二.名词(Nouns) 1.总的说来,名词分专有名词和普通名词两类。 专有名词: 表示具体的人,事物,地点或机构的专有名称。 Lucy China 中国Asia 亚洲Beijing 北京。 专有名词的第一个字母要大写。 普通名词: 表示某些人,某类事物,某种物质或抽象概念的名称。例如: teacher 老师tea 茶reform 改革 普通名词又可进一步分为四类 1) 个体名称: 表示单个的人和事物。 house 马car 汽车room 房间apple 苹果fun 风扇picture 照片 2) 集体名称: 表示一群人或一些事物的名称。 people 人们family 家庭army 军队government 政府group 集团 3) 物质名词:表示物质或不具备确定形状和大小的个体的物质。 fire 火steel 钢air 空气water 水milk 牛奶 4)抽象名词:表示动作,状态,品质或其他抽象概念。 labour 劳动health 健康life 生活friendship友情patience耐力 2.名词按其所表现的事物的性质分为可数名词和不可数名词。 可数名词(Countable Nouns)有复数形式,如: an apple two apples a car some cars 不可数名词(Uncountable Nouns)一般没有复数形式. 抽象名词, 物质名词和专有名词一般是不可数名词。 sand 沙sugar 糖 有少数名词即可作可数名词,也可作不可数名词,但含义不同。 glass 玻璃glass 玻璃杯paper 纸paper 报纸,文件 名词的功能 名词在句中作主语, 宾语,介词宾语,宾语补助语,表语以及名词短语作状语。 The bag is in the desk. bag 作主语。 书包在桌子里边。 I washed my clothes yesterday. clothes 作宾语。 昨天我洗了我的衣服。
一、选择题 1．When I walked past the park, I saw some old people ________ Chinese Taiji. A．does B．did C．doing D．are doing 2．When he saw the photo, he couldn’t stop ________ her stay in London. A．think of B．to think of C．thought of D．thinking of 3．Let’s go to t hat shop________some school things. A．buying B．to buy C．bought 4．We should do what we can _________ animals in danger. A．save B．to save C．saving D．saved 5．（2016天津中考）I wanted to see the Beijing Opera, so Lingling offered me to watch an opera. A．took B．takes C．to take D．taking 6．________TV too much is bad for your eyes. A．Watching B．Watch C．Watches D．Watched 7．The snow makes them______ cold, so they want to make a fire_______ warm. A．feel , to keep B．to feel, keep C．feel, keep D．to feel ,to keep 8．---I think you should stop ______ him in English. ---I see. He can’t understand English at all. Let me try in French. A．talking to B．to talk to C．talk to D．to talking to 9．The journey made them ________very tired. A．to feel B．feeling C．feel 10．I don’t know how________there. I need to look at the map. A．to get B．to get to C．get 11．During the mid-autumn festival, family members often gather together _______ а meal, admire the moon and enjoy the moon cakes. A．share B．to share C．sharing D．shared 12．At the party, Lucy ________ like a Mickey Mouse to make us ________. A．dressed up, laugh B．dressed up, to laugh C．dressed on, laugh D．dressed on, to laugh 13．—You don’t know what great difficulty I had ________ to get the two tickets. —But the film is really worth _________ twice. A．managing; seeing B．to manage; seeing C．managing; being seen D．managed; to see 14．—It’s too hot. Would you mind my________ the window? — ________, please do it now. A．to open; OK B．opening; Certainly not C．opening; Of course D．to open; Good idea 15．—It’s twelve o’clock.—It’s time________.