2018届二轮复习短文改错模拟训练10篇之四
【一】
The structure of houses have changed a lot since the first hut was building in ancient times. I often imagine what houses in the future will like. I am sure it will be greatly different from that they are today. First, houses in the future can adjust the room temperature with the changes of season. Second, they prevent waste by producing energy through their solar panels, that can be used to provide hot water in winder and cool air in summer. Beside, they can change their colors at any time to satisfy with their owners.
In short, living in a future house will be amazed.
答案
1. have→has
2. building→built
3. will后面加be
4. it→they
5. that→what
6. season→seasons
7. that→which
8. Beside→Besides
9. with去掉10. amazed→amazing
【解析】1.主语是the structure of houses，中心词是the structure，是单数，谓语应该用单数。故把have改为has.
2.主语the first hut与build之间是被动关系，句子谓语用被动语态。故把building改为built.
3.该句中will后面加动词原形，like在句中是介词，表示“像…一样”。故在will后加be.
4.此处的主语代指the houses，是可数名词复数，用they代替。故把it改为they.
5.from之后是宾语从句，引导词在从句中作are的表语，应该用what 引导，that只起引导作用，在宾语从句中不做成分。故把that改为what.
6.此处表示“随着季节的变化”，季节应该用复数。故把season改为seasons.
7.逗号之后是非限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，指代事物，应该用which，非限制性定语从句中不用that引导。故把that改为which.
8.此处表示“另外”，besides是副词，表示“另外”，beside是介词，译为“在…一边”。故把beside改为besides.
9.satisfy是及物动词，译为“使满意”。故去掉with.
10.amazing修饰事物，amazed修饰人。此处主语是动名词短语，应该用amazing.故把amazed改为amazing.
【二】
My niece Mary is a Senior 3 student, who devoted herself to her lessonsevery day. Last Saturday, as usual, she went to several class. In the evening, she continued to study at home until deeply into the night. She was too sleepy and tired that she couldn't work effectively. In Sunday
morning, she was about to do her lessons while her father came up and advised her to take a break. Soon they came up a good idea. They decided to go cycling in the countryside. Mary enjoyed herself, competing and chatting with her father, and felt relaxing in the open air. On the Monday, Mary was energetic but active in class. She spent the whole day in the countryside, and Mary said what she had done was worthwhile.
答案
71.devoted---devotes 72. class----classes 73.deeply---deep
74.too---so
75.In---On 76. while----when 77. a前加with
78. relaxing----relaxed
79.Monday前的the去掉80.but----and
【三】
A friend wrote to ask about Father’s Day gift idea for her dad.I suggest that she make a gift.
Long after I was grown up，I found boxful of stuff I had made for my father when he was a kid.He had saved every birthday or Father’s Day card and gift I had never made for him.He always thanked for me with a hug and a kiss.But I don’t think I really understood how many those handmade gifts meant to him until I found that box many years late.Make
gifts is fun，and giving them away to someone you love adds to the fun. 答案
A friend wrote to ask a bout Father’s Day gift idea
ideas for her dad.I
suggest
suggested that she make a gift.
Long after I was grown up，I found ∧
a boxful of stuff I had made for my
father when he
I was a kid.He had saved every birthday
or
and Father’s
Day card and gift I had never
ever(或去掉never) made for him.He always
thanked for\ me with a hug and a kiss.But I don’t think I really
understood how many
much those handmade gifts meant to him until I found
that box many years late
later.
Make
Making gifts is fun，and giving them away to
someone you love adds to the fun.
【四】
Welcome to our English Corner. It set up four years ago. Students from different school gather round every Sunday morning, and there are also some college students or foreigners. We may talk about everything what we are interesting in. We also share valuable experience in learn English
with each other. We believe we have learned much here. It is a real addition to our English class and it is popular in us students. And it is supported by parents and teachers. They all believe it is of great help to them. If you want to know much about it, and you may talk to the students here.
答案
Welcome to our English Corner. It set up four years ago. Students from different school gather round
was
schools
every Sunday morning, and there are also some college students or foreigners. We may talk about
and everything wha t we are interesting in.. We also share valuable experience in learn English with each other.
that interested learning
We believe we have learned much here. It is a real addition to our English class and it is popular in us
with/among
students. And it issupported by parents and teachers. They all believe it is
of great help
to them. If
you
us
want to know much about it, and you may talk to the students here.
more
【五】
Tu Youyou, together with two other scientists, wereawarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine, according to China Daily. Everyone in China deserves to take pride in, for one of the long-heldgoalswe have been dreaming of has beenbecome a reality.
Tu Youyou, born on December 30, 1930, is thefamous Chinese medical scientist. She has devoted her whole life to studyChinese traditional medicine. His discovery of artemisinin（青蒿素）as well as itsbenefit in treating malaria(疟疾) is regarded as a breakthrough in tropical medicines. It has greatimproved health for those in developedcountries such as those in South Asia and Africa. Becauseofher outstanding work, in 2011 Tu Youyou received the Lasker Award, whatis called “America’s Nobels.”
2018届二轮复习短文改错模拟试题10篇训练之二 【1】 Last weekend we went for camping in the mountains with our teacher, Anna.When we arrived, we made a camp fire first.Then, Anna taught us to catch fish so that they could have more food to eat that night.I liked the airs there because it was fresh and clean.Many stars were up highly in the sky and the moon looked bright.We all sat around the fire, listening Anna’s stories about her childhood.She was born into a poor family or she worked very hard to be successful.I was very touched that I couldn’t sleep the whole night, thought about being a teacher in the future.When I get home, I said to my parents, “Everything was great about the camping.I want to be the teacher like Anna in the future.” 答案：第一句：去掉for 第三句：they→we 第四句：airs→air 第五句：highly→high 第六句：listening后加to 第七句：or→and/so 第八句：very→so; thought→thinking或thought前加and 第九句：get→got 第十句：第一个the→a
2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 化学试题(全国II) 7.下列说法错误得就是 A.糖类化合物也可称为碳水化合物 B.维生素D可促进人体对钙得吸收 C.蛋白质就是仅由碳、氢、氧元素组成得物质 D.硒就是人体必需得微量元素,但不宜摄入过多 【解析】 A、糖类化合物也可称为碳水化合物,就是沿用下来得叫法,故A正确; B、维生素D可促进人体对钙得吸收,故B正确; C、蛋白质含有C、H、O、N、S等元素,故C错误; D、硒就是人体必需得微量元素,但不宜摄入过多,摄入过多可能会导致脱发等,故D正确; 【答案】C 8.阿伏加德罗常数得值为。下列说法正确得就是 A.1 L 0、1 mol·NH4Cl溶液中, 得数量为0、1 B.2、4 g Mg与H2SO4完全反应,转移得电子数为0、1 C.标准状况下,2、24 L N2与O2得混合气体中分子数为0、2 D.0、1 mol H2与0、1 mol I2于密闭容器中充分反应后,其分子总数为0、2 【解析】 A、NH4+能够发生水解,故NH4+得数量小于0、1N A,故A错误; B、 2、4 g Mg与H2SO4完全反应,转移得电子数为0、2N A,故B错误; C、标准状况下,2、24LN2与O2得混合气体得物质得量为0、1mol,故混合气体得分子数为0、1N A; D、 H2 + I22HI,反应前后气体分子数不变,故其分子总数为0、2N A,故D正确; 【答案】D 9.a、b、c、d为原子序数依次增大得短周期主族元素,a原子核外电子总数与b原子次外层得电子数相同;c所在周期数与族数相同;d与a同族。下列叙述正确得就是 A.原子半径:d>c>b>a B.4种元素中b得金属性最强 C.c得氧化物得水化物就是强碱 D.d单质得氧化性比a单质得氧化性强 【解析】 a、b、c、d为短周期主族元素,且a原子核外电子总数与b原子次外层得电子数相同,故a为O,d与a 同族,故d为S,c所在周期数与族数相同,故c为Al,则b为Na或Mg; A、原子半径b＞c＞d＞a,故A错误; B、4种元素种b得失电子能力最强,故其金属性最强,故B正确; C、c得氧化物得水化物就是氢氧化铝,为两性氢氧化物,故C错误; D、O2得氧化性强于S,故D错误; 【答案】B 10.下列由实验得出得结论正确得就是
2018届高三化学模拟卷 7.在人类社会发展中，化学学科有着极其重要的作用。化学与科学、技术、社会、环境密切相关。下列有关说法中错误的是 A.聚乙烯是无毒高分子化合物，可用作食品包装材料。 B.制作航天服的聚酯纤维和用于光缆通信的光导纤维都是新型无机非金属材料。 C.发展非燃油型新能源汽车，有利于减少污染气体排放，改善人类生存环境。 D.KMnO4、C2H5OH、H2O2等常见化学物质都可作医用杀菌、消毒剂。 8.N A为阿伏加德罗常数，下列叙述中正确的是 A.32gN2H4中含有共价键数5N A B.37g37Cl2中含有中子数10N A C.11.2L臭氧中含有1.5N A个氧原子 D.1.0L 0.1mo·L－1NH4Cl溶液中含0.1N A个NH4+ 9.原子序数依次增大，位于不同主族的四种短周期元素X、Y、Z、W，X的内层电子与最外层电子数之比为2：5，Z和W位于同周期。Z的化合物与人类生活关系密切，Z与W组成的化合物是饮食业常用的调味品，也是重要的医用药剂，工业上电解该化合物的熔融物可制得Z单质。Y和Z可形成两种离子化合物，其中阴、阳离子数之比均为1：2。下列说法正确的是 A.四种元素中至少有两种金属元素。 B.四种元素的常见氢化物中熔点最高的是Z的氢化物。 C.四种元素形成的常见简单离子中，离子半径最小的是元素X形成的离子。 D. X、Y两种元素构成的常见化合物在常温常压下都是气体。 10.用酸性氢氧燃料电池电解粗盐水（含Na＋、Cl－和少量Mg2＋、Br－）的装置如图所示（a、b均为石墨电极），下列说法正确的是 A.电池工作时，负极反应式为： H2－2e－＋2OH－＝2H2O B.a极的电极反应式为： 2H+＋2e－＝H2↑ C.电解过程中电子流动路径是： 负极→外电路→阴极→溶液→阳极→正极 D.当电池中消耗2.24 L(标准状况下)H2时，b极周围会产生0.1 mol气体 11.某有机物的结构如右图所示。有关该物质的下列说法正确的是 A.该化合物的分子式为C18H17O2N2 B.不能与Br2的CCl4溶液发生反应 C.该物质中所有原子有可能在同一平面 D.该物质能发生加成反应、取代反应 12.下列实验、实验现象和相应结论都正确的是 13.常温下，向10.0mL 0.10 mol·L－1某二元酸H2R溶液中滴 加入同物质的量浓度的NaOH溶液，测得溶液的pH随NaOH 溶液体积的变化如右图所示。下列说法中正确的是 A.无法判断H2R是强酸还是弱酸 B.曲线上m点时溶液中c(Na+)>c(HR－) >c(R2－)>c(H+) C.HR－的电离能力大于水解能力 D.溶液中c(Na+)+c(H+)=c(HR－)+c(R2－)+c(OH－) 26、（15分）工业废水、废渣不经处理，会对环境造成很大 的危害。利用化学原理可以对工厂排放的废水、废渣等进行有效检测、处理及应用。某工厂对制革工业污泥中Cr（Ⅲ）的处理工艺流程如下，Cr（Ⅲ）最终转化为CrOH(H2O)5SO4。
细胞分裂专题复习 （一）有丝分裂（第一课时） 【考点解析】 模拟实验 二?细胞生长: 【例1】（09江苏卷）细胞作为生命活动的基本单位，其结构和功能高度统一。下列有关叙述正确的是 ① 卵细胞体积较大有利于和周围环境进行物质交换，为胚胎早期发育提供所需养料 ② 哺乳动物成熟的红细胞表面积与体积之比相对较大，有利于提高气体交换效率 ③ 小肠绒毛上皮细胞内有大量的线粒体，有助于物质运输的能量供应 ④ 哺乳动物成熟精子中细胞质较少，有利于精子运动 A.①②③ 三.细胞的增殖 B.②③④ （真核细胞） C.①③④ D.①②④ 1 ?无丝分裂 实例： 特点： 2?有丝分裂.…真核生物体细胞增殖的主要方式（受精卵进行分裂、精原细胞和卵原细胞增殖也是通过有 丝分裂完成） （1）细胞周期的概念： __________________________________________________ 细胞周期的表示方法： a b c d II 丨I I 丨 b+c 是一个细胞周期,A 但a+b 不算细胞周期 【例2】、右图所示细胞有丝分裂一个细胞周期所用时间，下列说法正确的是 ① 甲?乙的过程表示分裂间期 ③ 一个细胞周期是指甲一甲的全过程 A. ③ B. ??@ 【知识网络】 细胞不能无限生长原因 模拟细胞表面积和体枳关系，探讨细 胞不能无限长人原因 细胞周期 过程与特点 意义 实验：观察洋 细胞的生长 ▲ 细 .细胞增殖 / 二? ------ 细胞的e 命历程 变 r 细胞分化 细胞的衰老和凋亡 真核A 细胞 无丝分裂/ 有丝分裂 葱根尖细胞的 有丝分裂 细胞全能性 减数分裂 、 表现 ＞根本原因 特点 过程与特点 意义 意义 ②乙?甲的过程表示分裂期 ④一个细胞周期是指乙一乙的全过程 C.③ D.④
2014-2018短文改错高考考点汇总（附真题） 一、总体趋势 二、真题汇总 【2018年全国卷Ⅰ】 During my last winter holiday, I went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents. I find a big change there. The first time I went there, they were living in a small house with dogs, ducks, and another animals. Last winter when I went here again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken. They also had a small pond which they raised fish. My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish. I felt happily that their life had
improved. At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return for every two years, but he agreed. 【2017年全国卷Ⅰ】 In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons. I still remember how hard first day was. Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructor’s orders, so once I started the car, my mind goes blank, I forgot what he had said to me altogether. The instructor kept repeating the word, “Speed up!” “Slow down!” “Turning left!”I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. A few minutes late, the instructor asked me to stop the car. It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle on the road. 【2016年全国卷Ⅰ】 My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that 1 live .Though not very big ,but the restaurant is popular in our area .It is always crowded with customers at meal times .Some people even had to wait outside My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest. Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are using for cooking. My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in the short period of time. Instead, he hopes that our business will grow steady. 【2015年全国卷Ⅰ】 When I was a child, I hoped to live in the city. I think I would be happy there. Now I am living in a city ,but I miss my home in countryside. There the air is clean or the mountains are green. Unfortunately, on the development of industrialization, the environment has been polluted. Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem. The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier. Much rare animals are dying out . We must found ways to protect your environment. If we fail to do so, so we’ll live to regret it. 【2014年全国卷Ⅰ】 Nearly five years before, and with the help by our father, my sister and I planted Some cherry tomatoes(圣女果)in our back garden. Since then- for all these years-we had been allowing tomatoes to self-seed where they please. As result, the plants are growing somewhere. The fruits are small in size,but juicy and taste. There are so much that we often share them with our neighbors. Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year, but we have never had any disease or insect attack problems. We are growing wonderfully tomatoes at no cost! 【2018年全国卷Ⅱ】 When I was little, Friday’s night was our family game night. After supper, we would play card games of all sort in the
2019届二轮复习短文改错10篇训练之八 [一] Nowadays Senior 3 students are general faced with a lot of pressure, which is rather common. To reduce it, the followed suggestions may help. First of all, know exactly what lead to your pressure, and then you can take measures to deal with it. Secondly, set up a goal what is not too high, in another words, don't put too much pressure on yourself. Thirdly, find a way to relax you occasionally.Forexample,youcanlistentomusic,goswimorjustsimplygowalk ing. Eventually,makefriendwithothers,suchasyourclassmates,yourteachers, andyour parents. They will understand you and come to your help when you are really in the trouble. In word, never get yourself stuck in the pressure for " Impossible is nothing ". 参考答案： 1．general→generally 2. followed→ following 3. lead →leads 4.what →that/which 5. another→ other 6.you →yourself 7.swim →swimming 8. friend →friends9. in the trouble去掉the. 10. In word中间加a [二] My father took me out camping for the first time when I was seven. He wanted teach me about animals, insects and trees. My uncles all come along with bows and arrows for hunting. One evening at sunset, we sat by the fire, have our barbecue. Just then a bird was flying over us. My uncles immediate jumped up and shot
2018年全国高考模拟试题理综化学部分 1．下列有关物质性质与用途具有对应关系的是（） A．2O2吸收2产生O2，可用作呼吸面具供氧剂 B．2具有还原性，可用于自来水的杀菌消毒 C．2硬度大，可用于制造光导纤维 D．3易溶于水，可用作制冷剂 【答案】A 具有【解析】A．过氧化钠可以和二氧化碳反应生成氧气，A正确；B．因 2 氧化性，可以用于自来水的杀菌消毒，B错误；C． 透光性好，用于制造光 2 在常温下加压即可使其液化，液氨气化时吸收大量热，导纤维，C错误；D． 3 所以氨可用作制冷剂，D错误。答案选A。 2. 《本草衍义》中对精制砒霜过程有如下叙述：“取砒之法，将生砒就置火上，以器覆之，令砒烟上飞着覆器，遂凝结累然下垂如针，尖长者为胜，平短者次之”，文中涉及的操作方法是（） A. 蒸馏 B. 升华 C. 干馏 D. 萃取 【答案】B 【解析】蒸馏即将液体转化为气体，再冷凝为液体。升华是将固体直接转化为气体，再通过凝华转为固体。结合生砒原本为固态及题意中的“如针”，题目中的状态转化为固-气-固，故选B升华。 3．阿伏加德罗常数的值为。下列说法正确的是（） A．1 L 0.1 ·4溶液中，的数量为0.1 B．2.4 g 与H24完全反应，转移的电子数为0.1 C．标准状况下，2.24 L N2和O2的混合气体中分子数为0.2
D．0.1 H2和0.1 I2于密闭容器中充分反应后，其分子总数为0.2【答案】D 【解析】A、4＋是弱碱根离子，发生水解：4＋＋H23·H2O＋H＋，因此4＋数量小于0.1，故A错误；B、2.4 g 为0.1 ，与硫酸完全反应后转移的电子的物质的量为2.4×2/24 0.2 ，因此转移电子数为为0.2，故B错误；C、N2和O2都是分子组成，标准状况下，2.24 L任何气体所含有的分子数都为0.1，故C错误；D、H 2＋I22，反应前后系数之和相等，即反应后分子总物质的量仍为0.2 ，分子数为0.2，故D正确。 4．下列指定反应的离子方程式正确的是（） A．钠与水反应: +2H22– + H2↑ B．电解饱和食盐水获取烧碱和氯气: 2–+2H22↑+ 2↑+2– C．向氢氧化钡溶液中加入稀硫酸: 2– + + 4↓2O D．向碳酸氢铵溶液中加入足量石灰水: 2–3↓2O 【答案】B 【解析】A．电荷不守恒，A错误；B．正确；C．配比错误，、、H2O的化学讲量数都是2，C错误；D．漏了4+和–之间的反应，D错误。答案选B。5．以下实验设计能达到实验目的的是（） 实验目的实验设计
高考英语短文改错考点解析-形容词与副词 一、考点规律分析 短文改错对形容词与副词的考查主要涉及形容词和副词比较等级的误用（尤其是在本身已是比较级的词前误加more）、形容词与副词的混用（如修饰动词时误用形容词或修饰名 词时误用副词）等，另外，用作表语时该用形容词的却误用了名词、简短副词（如in，down 等）的误加与漏用、涉及形容词搭配的as…as 结构、how 与what 的混用等也是常考的考点。 二、真题单句归纳 （1）After an hour or so we began to feel very frightening. （frightening 改为frightened，因它表示某人感到害怕，而不是令人害怕）（全国卷） （2）Charles said，“As soon as I see a realy tall building，I want to climb it. （realy 改为really 或real，若改为really，则修饰tall；若改为real，则修饰building）（全国卷）（3）Last Sunday，police cars hurry to the taller building in New York. （taller 改为tallest，因从含义上看此处应是最高级）（全国卷） （4）As a result，people in the modern world generally live much more longer than people in the past. （去掉more，因为longer 本身已是比较级，不能再受more 修饰）（全国卷）（5）Therefore，there are still some countries where people have shorter lives. （Therefore 改为However，因此处语意转折）（全国卷） （6）People in industrial countries can expect to live for twice so long as people who lived a few hundred years ago. （so long as 改为as long as，其意为“与……一样长”）（全国卷）（7）In some places you may borrow many books as you want. （many 之前加as，因 as …… as 结构不完整）（全国卷） （8）I told Mother，Father，Sister and all my friends here that a great time I had. （that 改为what）（全国卷） （9）I never knew a ride down a river could be so much exciting. （去掉much，因much 不能用来修饰形容词的原级，尽管它可用来修饰比较级和最高级）（全国卷）（10）I‘m sure we’ll have a wonderfully time together. （wonderfully 改为wonderful，因它是放在名词前作定语）（全国卷）
云南省2018年高考化学试题及答案 （试卷满分100分，考试时间50分钟） 可能用到的相对原子质量：H 1 C 12 N 14 O 16 Na 23 Mg 24 Al 27 S 32 Cr 52 Zn 65 I 127 一、选择题：本题共7个小题，每小题6分，共42分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符 合题目要求的。 1．化学与生活密切相关。下列说法错误的是 A．泡沫灭火器可用于一般的起火，也适用于电器起火 B．疫苗一般应冷藏存放，以避免蛋白质变性 C．家庭装修时用水性漆替代传统的油性漆，有利于健康及环境 D．电热水器用镁棒防止内胆腐蚀，原理是牺牲阳极的阴极保护法 2．下列叙述正确的是 A．24 g 镁与27 g铝中，含有相同的质子数 B．同等质量的氧气和臭氧中，电子数相同 C．1 mol重水与1 mol水中，中子数比为2∶1 D．1 mol乙烷和1 mol乙烯中，化学键数相同 3．苯乙烯是重要的化工原料。下列有关苯乙烯的说法错误的是 A．与液溴混合后加入铁粉可发生取代反应 B．能使酸性高锰酸钾溶液褪色 C．与氯化氢反应可以生成氯代苯乙烯 D．在催化剂存在下可以制得聚苯乙烯 4．下列实验操作不当的是 A．用稀硫酸和锌粒制取H2时，加几滴CuSO4溶液以加快反应速率 B．用标准HCl溶液滴定NaHCO3溶液来测定其浓度，选择酚酞为指示剂 C．用铂丝蘸取某碱金属的盐溶液灼烧，火焰呈黄色，证明其中含有Na+ D．常压蒸馏时，加入液体的体积不超过圆底烧瓶容积的三分之二 5．一种可充电锂-空气电池如图所示。当电池放电时，O2与Li+在多孔碳材料电极处生成Li2O2-x（x=0或1）。下列说法正确的是 1
绝密★启用前 2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 理科综合能力测试 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 可能用到的相对原子质量：H 1 C 12 N 14 O 16 S 32 Cl35.5 K39 Ti 48 Fe 56 I 127 7．下列生活用品中主要由合成纤维制造的是 A．尼龙绳 B．宣纸 C．羊绒衫 D．棉衬衣 8．《本草衍义》中对精制砒霜过程有如下叙述：“取砒之法，将生砒就置火上，以器覆之，令砒烟上飞着覆器，遂凝结累然下垂如乳，尖长者为胜，平短者次之。”文中涉及的操作方法是 A．蒸馏 B．升华 C．干馏 D．萃取 9．已知（b）、（d）、（p）的分子式均为C6H6，下列说法正确的是A．b的同分异构体只有d和p两种 B．b、d、p的二氯代物均只有三种 C．b、d、p均可与酸性高锰酸钾溶液反应 D．b、d、p中只有b的所有原子处于同一平面 10．实验室用H2还原WO3制备金属W的装置如图所示（Zn粒中往往含有碳等杂质，焦性没食子酸溶液用于吸收少量氧气），下列说法正确的是
A．①、②、③中依次盛装KMnO4溶液、浓H2SO4、焦性没食子酸溶液 B．管式炉加热前，用试管在④处收集气体并点燃，通过声音判断气体纯度 C．结束反应时，先关闭活塞K，再停止加热 D．装置Q（启普发生器）也可用于二氧化锰与浓盐酸反应制备氯气 11．支持海港码头基础的防腐技术，常用外加电流的阴极保护法进行防腐，工作原理如图所示，其中高硅铸铁为惰性辅助阳极。下列有关表述不正确的是 A．通入保护电流使钢管桩表面腐蚀电流接近于零 B．通电后外电路电子被强制从高硅铸铁流向钢管桩 C．高硅铸铁的作用是作为损耗阳极材料和传递电流 D．通入的保护电流应该根据环境条件变化进行调整 12．短周期主族元素W、X、Y、Z的原子序数依次增大，W的简单氢化物可用作制冷剂，Y的原子半径是所有短周期主族元素中最大的。由X、Y和Z三种元素学科&网形成的一种盐溶于水后，加入稀盐酸，有黄色沉淀析出，同时有刺激性气体产生。下列说法不正确的是 A．X的简单氢化物的热稳定性比W强 B．Y的简单离子与X的具有相同的电子层结构
全国3卷——短文改错规律发现&总结 短文改错总共有10处错误，其中1处添加，1处删除，8处改正。 添加的单词一般是介词或冠词（16年为人称代词），删除的单词一般是介词或冠词（18年为指示代词），改正的单词涉及到的知识点比较细，大致有：名词单复数转换、人称代词变换、非谓语动词转换、冠词的转换、时态的变化、人称和数的变化、词性的变化、连词的变化等等。 1.添加 19年I want my cafe have a special theme.(to) （非谓语动词的考察） 18年Some of us were confident and eager take part in the class activities.(to) （非谓语动词）17年Around me in picture are the things ... ... (the) （冠词的用法） 16年but I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever need help.(I) （人称代词） 2.删除 19年I want my cafe to have a special theme such as like “Tang Dynasty”. （介词） 18年I was afraid that to speak in front of people. /从句引导词） 17年I realize of how fast time flies. （介词） 16年At the first, ... ... （冠词） 3.改正 （1）时态（谓语动词）错误——必考 19年Though it may appear simple, it required a lot of ideas and efforts.(requires) 18年the writing class had just begin.(begun)（严格来说属于非谓语动词的错误） 17年I realize how fast time flies. I had grown not only physically, ... ...(have) I entered my second year of high school and become a new members of ... ...(became) 16年They always tell me what to do and how to do it.(told) 【时态错误出现在文章中部的概率较大】 （2）非谓语动词的错误——必考，但每年考察形式不同 1）不定式to do的错误： 19年Now my dream is to opens a cafe.(open) { I want my cafe have a special theme.(to) （非谓语动词的考察）} {18年Some of us were confident and eager take part in the class activities.(to)(非谓语动词)} 2）现在分词/动名词doing的错误： 19年If I succeed in manage one, I will open more.(managing)（介词之后的动词要用ing）18年Everyone was silent, wait to see who would be called upon to ... ...(waiting) 16年I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes.(wearing)（同19年）3）过去分词done的错误： 18年the writing class had just begin.(begun) 17年About one month after this photo was took.(taken) 【非谓语动词错误出现在文章前半部分的概率较大。有几点技巧可供参考：1.介词之后的动词要用-ing形式；2.逗号之后的动词要用-ing形式；3.注意完成时have/has/had done和被动语态be done中的过去分词写法是否正确。】 （3）人称代词的错误——必考 19年In the cafe, customers will enjoy yourselves in the historical environment.(themselves) 18年I had done myself homework.(my) 17年This picture often brings back to me many happy memories of your high school
2018届二轮复习短文改错冲刺训练典题10篇之二 【一】 Last weekend, I helped my grandparents prepare for our trip to Beidaihe. On Saturday morning, together with my grandparents, I searched for the Internet for the train schedule, the weather in Beidaihe, and some hotel informations. In the afternoon, I went to the train station and manage to buy two tickets for my grandparents but there was a long queue. After dinner, I packed into the suitcase which my grandparents would need, such as clothes, glasses, a umbrella, and a map. The next morning, I went to the station see them off. Waved goodbye to them on the platform, I felt happy for them and wished them a safety journey. 答案：第一句：our→their 第二句：去掉第一个for; informations→information 第三句：manage→managed; but→though/although 第四句：w hich→that; 第一个a→an 第五句：station后加to 第六句：Waved→Waving; safety→safe 【二】 A day I came back from shopping with my family and we were on our way to home. While walked in the street, I saw a tall man in front of us taking his phone out. He accidental dropped the money he had. I was the only one that saw this and I picked up the money. I didn’t know that I should keep them. Then I started thinking that if I were that man, I will like the money giving back to me. I immediately ran up to him but gave him the money. I felt pretty good for doing the right thing. Seeing this, my parents praised me what I had done. 答案：第一句：A→One；去掉to 第二句：walked→walking 第三句：accidental→accidentally 第五句：that→if/whether; them→it 第六句：will→would; giving→given 第七句：but→and 第九句：me后加for 【三】 Insurance companies are normally willing to insure anything, but it must be unique to insure a dish.It was a unusual pie dish, for it was eighteen feet in long and six feet in width. They had been purchased by a local authority so that an enormous pie could baked for an annual fair.The pie committee decided that the best way to transport would be by a canal, so they insured it for the trip. Short after it was launched, the pie committee went to the local inn to celebrate.
2018届高三年级第一次模拟考试 化学 本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，共120分，考试用时100分钟。 可能用到的相对原子质量：H 1 C 12 N 14 O 16 Na 23 Al 27 Fe 56 Cu 64 选择题(共40分) 单项选择题：本题包括10小题，每小题2分，共计20分。每小题只有一个选项 ．．．．．．符合题意。 1. 化学与社会可持续发展密切相关。下列做法错误 ．．的是( ) A. 利用风力发电，减少CO2的排放 B. 为提高粮食产量，大量使用高残留农药 C. 对秸秆进行加工，使其转化为汽车燃料 D. 按照国家规定，对生活垃圾进行分类放置 2. 下列有关化学用语表示正确的是( ) A. HCl的电子式： B. 二氧化碳分子的比例模型： C. 中子数为8的氮原子：87N D. 2-丁醇的结构简式： 3. 下列有关物质的性质与用途具有对应关系的是( ) A. 氢氧化铝具有弱碱性，可用于制胃酸中和剂 B. 浓硫酸具有脱水性，可用来干燥氯化氢气体 C. Ca(ClO)2溶液显碱性，可用于饮用水的消毒 D. FeCl3溶液显酸性，可用于制作印刷电路板 4. 短周期主族元素X、Y、Z、W原子序数依次增大，X与W同主族，X的一种同素异形体可用于生产铅笔芯，Y原子的最外层电子数是其最内层电子数的3倍，Z原子的最外层电子数等于其所在的周期序数。下列说法正确的是( ) A. 原子半径：r(Y) 考点一 把握分类标准，理清物质类别 1．物质常见的分类情况 2．氧化物的常见分类方法 氧化物? ?? ???? 按组成元素? ?? ?? 金属氧化物：如K 2O 、CaO 、Fe 2O 3 非金属氧化物：如SO 2、CO 2、SO 3、P 2O 5按性质????? 成盐氧化物??? ?? 酸性氧化物：如CO 2 、SO 3 碱性氧化物：如Na 2O 、CuO 两性氧化物：如Al 2O 3 不成盐氧化物：如CO 、NO 特殊氧化物：如Fe 3O 4 、Na 2O 2 、H 2O 2 3．正误判断，辨析“一定”与“不一定” (1)同种元素组成的物质一定是纯净物(×) (2)强碱一定是离子化合物，盐也一定是离子化合物(×) < (3)碱性氧化物一定是金属氧化物，金属氧化物不一定是碱性氧化物(√) (4)酸性氧化物不一定是非金属氧化物，非金属氧化物也不一定是酸性氧化物(√) (5)能电离出H ＋ 的一定是酸，溶液呈碱性的一定是碱(×) (6)在酸中有几个H 原子就一定是几元酸(×) (7)含有离子键的化合物一定是离子化合物，共价化合物一定不含离子键(√) (8)盐中一定含金属元素(×) (9)能导电的一定是电解质，不导电的一定是非电解质(×) (10)强电解质的导电性一定大于弱电解质的导电性(×) 4．识记常见混合物的成分与俗名 (1)水煤气：CO、H2 】 (2)天然气(沼气)：主要成分是CH4 (3)液化石油气：以C3H8、C4H10为主 (4)裂解气：以C2H4为主 (5)水玻璃：Na2SiO3的水溶液 (6)王水：浓盐酸与浓硝酸的混合物(体积比3∶1) (7)波尔多液：主要成分是CuSO4和Ca(OH)2 (8)肥皂：主要成分是C17H35COONa (9)碱石灰：NaOH、CaO (10)铝热剂：铝粉和金属氧化物的混合物 (11)漂白粉：Ca(ClO)2和CaCl2的混合物 { 考点一洞悉陷阱设置，突破阿伏加德罗常数应用 一、抓“两看”，突破“状态、状况”陷阱 一看“气体”是否处于“标准状况”。 二看“标准状况”下，物质是否为“气体”(如CCl4、H2O、Br2、SO3、HF、己烷、苯等在标准状况下不为气体)。 题组一气体摩尔体积的适用条件及物质的聚集状态 1．正误判断，正确的划“√”，错误的划“×”。 (1) L CO2中含有的原子数为(×) (2)常温下，L甲烷气体含有的甲烷分子数为(×) (3)标准状况下，L己烷中含共价键数目为19N A(×) (4)常温常压下，L氯气与足量镁粉充分反应，转移的电子数为2N A(×) ） (2012·新课标全国卷，9D) (5)标准状况下，L HF含有的HF分子数为(×) 二、排“干扰”，突破“质量、状况”陷阱 题组二物质的量或质量与状况2018年高考化学知识点总结
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