tell的用法和常见搭配
tell的中文含义是：说；告诉；讲述。
例句：Tell him to wait for a few minutes, please.
请告诉他等几分钟。
tell一般用作及物动词，常用于tell somebody to do something这个结构中，表示“要某人做某事”，如：Tell the kids to be quite, please. 请告诉孩子们保持安静。类似的结构还有ask somebody to do something。
tell还常用于tell somebody something和tell somebody about something这两个结构中。两个结构都有“告诉”的意思，它们的区别是：tell somebody something告诉某人某事（往往是不需要解释、说明的事）；tell somebody about something向某人讲述某事（往往含有解释、说明的意味）。试比较：
Tell me your phone number.
告诉我你的。
Please tell me something about your school life.
请给我讲讲你的校园生活吧。
常用搭配：
tell somebody to do something 告诉某人去做某事
tell somebody something 告诉某人某事
tell somebody about something 向某人讲述某事
speak, talk, say, tell的用法区别
这四个词的用法辨析是中考英语中考得最经常的同义词辨析之一。综观各省市的中考英语真题情况，我们发现，中考对这四个词的考查主要侧重于其用法差异和习惯表达方面的不同。因此，本文拟在这两个方面谈谈它们的具体用法和区别。
一、用法方面的区别
1.speak 强调单方的“说”或“讲”，一般用作不及物动词，要表示“对某人说(某事)”，可用 speak to [with] sb (about sth)。如：
Please speak more slowly. 请说慢一点。
I spoke to [with] the chairman about my idea. 我跟主席说了我的想法。
2.talk 强调双方“交谈”，一般用作不及物动词，表示“同某人谈论(某事)”，可用talk to [with] sb (about sth)。如：
He was talking to [with] a friend. 他在同一位朋友谈话。
What are they talking about? 他们在谈论什么?
3. say 强调说话容，一般用作及物动词。表示“对某人说”，可用 say to sb。如：
Did you say anything (to him)? 你(对他)说了些什么?
He said (that) he wanted to go. 他说他想去。
注：以下句型值得注意：
据说他病了。
正：It is said that he is ill.
正：He is said to be ill.
4. tell 表示“告诉”，可接双宾语，双宾语易位时用介词 to 引出间接宾语。如：
I told him my name. 我把名字告诉了他。
He told his parents the good news. / He told the good news to his parents. 他把这个好消息告诉了他父母。
注：还可接不定式的复合结构作宾语。如：
Tell her to come at once. 叫她马上来。
He told the children not to play in the street. 他叫孩子们不要在街上玩。
另外，有时与介词 from 连用表示“区分”“辨别”等。如：
I cannot tell which is which. 我分不清哪个是哪个。
Can you tell true friends from false friends? 你能分清真假朋友吗?
especially,specially,particularl
y
■用于形容词或副词前，强调程度(通常译为“特别”)，三者都可用。如：
It is particularly [especially, specially] cold today. 今天特别冷。
I was feeling particularly [especially, specially] tired this evening. 今天晚上我特别累。
有时也修饰动词。如：
I especially [particularly, specially] want to see that film. 我特别想看那部电影。
■用于强调目的(意为“特意”、“专门”), 通常用 specially 或 especially，一般与表目的的不定式或介词 for 短语连用。如：
We bought it specially [especially] for you. 这是我们特意为你买的。
I was asked specially to meet her. 特意要我去接她(from .yywords.)。
The book is written especially [specially] for children. 这本书是专门为孩子们写的。
■表示述某一事实之后，列举一个具有代表性的例子，作进一步强调，一般用especially 或 particularly，其后可接名词、介词短语、从句等。如：
We want to invite some friends, especially Jim and John. 我们想邀请几个朋友，尤其是吉姆和约翰。
He likes the country, especially in spring. 他喜欢乡村，尤其是在春天。
Noise is unpleasant, especially when you’re trying to sleep. 噪音是令人不愉快的，尤其是当你想入睡的时候。
escape与flee
两者均有“逃”的意思，但有区别：
1.escape 表示“逃脱”，主要指从被监禁或类似没有自由的状态中逃脱。如：
Two prisoners escaped last night. 昨晚有两名犯人逃走了。
The fish escaped from the net. 鱼逃出了网。
注：有时用于引申义。如(from .yywords.)：
He escaped punishment. 他逃过了惩罚。
She escaped being caught. 她没被抓住。
The fact escaped my notice. 我没注意到这一事实。
2.flee表示“逃走”，着重逃的动作，强调逃走时的急促或仓促。如：
The burglars were frightened and fled. 夜盗们受惊逃走了。
The enemy soldiers were fleeing in all directions. 敌兵们四处逃窜。
注：表示“逃跑”时，escape 是不及物动词，而 flee 则可用作及物或不及物动词。如：
He fled (from) the burning house. 他从燃烧的房子逃出。
elder, eldest & older, oldest
1. old 通常的比较级和最高级分别是 older, oldest。可用于人或物，可用作表语或定语，可与 than 连用。如：
He is older than me. 他比我年纪大。
I’m two years older than he. 我比他大两岁。
The cathedral is the oldest building in the city. 这座教堂是城里最古老的建筑。
2. elder 与 eldest 主要用于家人之间表明长幼关系。通常只用于人而不用于物，只用作定语而不用作表语，也不与 than 连用。如：
This is my eldest son (daughter). 这是我的大儿子(女)。
His elder brother (sister) works in a clothing factory. 他哥哥(姐姐)在一家服装厂工作。
注：在美国英语中，也可用 older, oldest 表示长幼关系。如：
older brother 哥哥 oldest daughter 最大的女儿
elder 与 eldest 的区别是：前者指两者中年纪较大的, 而后者指三者或三者以上的年纪最大的。如：
one’s elder son 指两个儿子中年纪较大的一个
one’s eldest son 指三个或三个以上的儿子中年纪最大的一个
3. elder 和 eldest 作为形容词，通常只能用作定语，不用作表语；但若不是用作形容词(即其后不接名词)而是用作名词，则可以用作表语(此时通常有冠词或物主代词修饰)。如：
Jim is my eldest. 吉姆是我最大的孩子(from .yywords.)。
I’m the eldest in the family. 我是全家年纪最大的。
He was the elder of the two sons. 他是两个儿子中较大的。
He is my elder by two years. / He is two years older than I. 他比我大两岁。
easy与easily
■easy 通常是形容词，有时也用作副词，但通常只用于某些特定的表达中。如：
Take it [things] easy. 别着急(慢慢来)。
Easy come, easy go. 来得容易去得快。
Easier said than done. 说来容易做来难。
Stand easy! (口令)稍息! (比 stand at ease 更随便)
go easy 省点劲儿，别那么卖力(from .yywords.)
go easy on (with) sb (sth) 对某人(某事)谨慎(从容，有节制)
■easily 是形容词 easy 的副词形式，其用法很广。如：
I can easily finish the work. 我可以毫不费力地完成这工作。
easily 除表示“容易地”、“轻而易举地”外，还可表示“无疑地”、“可能地”。如：
She is easily the cleverest girl in the class. 她无疑是这个班最聪明的女孩。
That could easily be the answer we’re looking for. 那可能就是我们正在寻找的答案。
earth,world,globe
1.earth 是人类所居住的这个行星的名字──“地球”( 其前用 the)。有时也指“”、“地面”(ground)或“泥土”(soil) (其前一般不用 the)。如：
The earth goes around the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。
The plane fell to (the) earth. 飞机落到地面。
Please fill the hole with earth. 请用泥土填满这个坑。
2. world 指“世界”(其前用 the)，有时也指“全世界的人”(其前用 the)。如：
He travelled all over the world. 他周游了全世界。
The whole world is hoping (that) there will be a lasting peace. 全世界(的人) 都希望能持久的和平。
3.globe 指“地球”，强调圆球形状(其前用 the)，一般不宜多用，也指“地球仪”(可数)。如：
They came from every corner of the globe. 他们来自世界各地。
We use a globe in our geography lessons. 我们上地理课时使用地球仪。
4.比较：on earth & in the world，两者用法大致相同，即用于最高级后，表示“在世界上”或“在人间”；用于疑问词后，表示“究竟”、“到底”；用于否定词后，表示“一点也不”。如：
This is the longest river on earth [in the world]. 这是世界上最长的河。
What on earth [in the world] do you need? 你究竟需要什么(from .yywords.)?
I have no friend on earth [in the world] to rely upon. 我根本没有可信赖的朋友。
during与in
1.两者均可表示一段时间，有时可互换：如：
I’ll be on holiday in [during] August. 我将在 8 月度假。
He woke up three times in [during] the night. 夜里他醒了 3 次。
2.两者比较而言，during 更强调时间的延续，in 只是指一般性的某一时间。因此若表示状态或习惯性动作，多用 during ，否则以用 in 为常见。比较：
Many people suffered hardship during the war. 许多人在战争期间受苦遭难。
He was injured in the war. 他在战争期间受了伤。
3.在 stay, visit, meal 等表示行为要持续一定时间的名词之前，只能用 during 而不能用 in。如：
The phone rang during the meal. 吃饭时铃响了。
I went to see my aunt during my stay in Beijing. 在逗留期间，我去看了我的姑妈。
4.与季节名词连用用，in 表泛指，during 表特指。比较：
In summer we often camp in the forest. 夏天我们常在森林里露营。(泛指)
During the summer we camped in the forest. 今年夏天我们在森林里露营。(特指)
during与for
1.during 通常表示事件发生在何时(when)，而 for 则表示事件持续了多长时间 (how long)。如：
八下英语固定用法总结 1.Doing类 Have problems/trouble/difficulty in doing sth Mind doing sth Mind sb doing sth Finish doing sth Do one’s part in doing sth Keep on doing sth Keep doing sth Instead of doing sth Can’t stop/help doing sth Be busy doing sth Be interested in doing sth Succeed in doing sth Consider doing sth Allow doing sth 2.To do 类 Need to do sth Expect sb to do sth Agree to do sth Seem to do sth Wait for sb to do sth Used to do sth Make plans to do sth Ask sb to do sth Decide to do sth Want sb to do sth Want to do sth Learn to do sth Allow sb to do sth Tell sb to do sth Refuse to do sth Offer to do sth Try to do sth It takes some time to do sth Send sb to do sth Have time to do sth Hope to do sth Be able to do sth
常用介词及副词的搭配用法归纳 1 2 （－）about 3 about既可以用作介词也可以用作副词，它常和下列名词,动词，形容词搭4 配使用。 5 名词＋about 6 talk about 关于???谈话；information about/on 关于???知识，消息7 动词＋about 8 think about sth. 考虑某事 look about 环顾；考虑9 bring about 带来，造成，引起 leave about 乱放 10 come about 发生 go about 四处走动get about 走动，传开，着手干 set about 开始，着手 11 12 hang about 逗留，徘徊 put about 传播谣言 13 turn about 回首，转身，轮流tell sb.about sth. 告诉某人某事 grief about sth. 对…伤心confuse 14 15 sb.about sth 使某人对某事感到混乱 16 bother sb.about sth 为某事打扰某人gossip about sb.or sth. 17 谈论、闲聊某人或某事 18 形容词+about 19 hopeful about/of 希望，期待 particular about 对…讲究，特别
enthusiastic about 对…热心 crazy about ab./sth. 对…欣喜 20 21 sure about/of 对..确定知道，对…有把握 22 anxious about 对…担忧，焦虑 anxious for 渴望 careful about/of 注意，保护，保重 careful with 对…注意，照 23 24 顾 25 careless about 对…不留心 feel nervous about/at sth. 对…感到26 不安 27 doubtful about/of 对…感到好奇 optimistic about 对…感到乐观28 happy about/at sth. 因某事而感到高兴 29 （二）across 30 across 既可以用作介词也可以用作副词，它常与下列动词搭配使用。 31 come across 横越…，偶尔碰见 run across 跑着穿过；偶尔碰见 32 cut across 抄近路穿过 get across 惹（某人）不高兴；通过 33 get sth. across 领会 put across 哄骗 put sth. across 使人听34 懂 35 （三）against 36 against 只用作介词，常与下列名词或动词搭配使用。 37 1）名词+against grudge against 对…怨恨 declaration against 反对…声明或宣 38 39 言
词汇辨析 say、tell、speak、talk的区别 1、say意为“说出”“说过”，强调说话的内容，也可与to连用，say to sb.意为“对某人说”。 eg. He often says“hello”to me with a smile. 他常笑着向我问好。 I can say it in English. 我能用英语说它。 He says to me,“I like my hometown.”他对我说：“我喜欢我的家乡。” 2、tell意为“讲述”“告诉”，作及物动词时，指把一件事或一个故事讲出来，有连续诉说之意。如：tell the truth说实话，tell a story讲故事。tell也可接双宾语结构或复合宾语结构。如tell sb. sth.告诉某人某事；tell sb. about sth.告诉某人关于某事；tell sb.（not）to do sth.告诉某人（不要）去做某事。 eg.－What did your mother tell you just now? 刚才你妈妈告诉你什么了？ －She told me not to ride a bike quickly. It's too dangerous. 她告诉我不要快骑自行车，那太危险了。 Please tell me something about yourself.请告诉我关于你自己的一些事情。 3、speak的意思是“说话”，作不及物动词时，通常指说话的能力和方
式；作及物动词时，其后的宾语为某种语言。speak to sb.表示“同某人说话”。 eg. Would you like to speak at the meeting? 你要在会上发言吗？ Bob speaks Chinese quite well. 鲍勃汉语说得相当好。 Joe can speak a little Chinese. 乔能说一点儿汉语。 May I speak to Mr. Green? 我可以同格林先生通话吗？ （此句常用于打电话用语中） He is speaking to Lily. 他正在和莉莉说话。 4、talk的意思是“谈话，谈论”，指相互之间的谈话，一般用作不及物动词，与介词to或with连用，表示“与……交谈”。而谈及关于某人或某事时，后接介词of或about. eg. They are talking on the phone. 他们正在电话中交谈。 My mother is talking with my teacher. 我妈妈正在和我的老师谈话。We are talking in English.我们正用英语交谈。 What are they talking about? 他们正在谈论什么？ We talked about this problem for hours. 我们就这个问题谈了好几个小时。 检测： 用say、tell、speak、talk 的适当形式填空。 1. Excuse me .Can you ___________ me the way to the post office ?
compare用法与搭配 1. 表示“把……与……比较”，通常用compare…with…，但在现代英语中，也可用compare… to…，或者用compare…and…。如： If you compare his work with [and] hers, you’ll find hers is much better. 要是把他俩的工作比较一下，就会发现她的好得多。 Having compared the new dictionary with [to, an d] the old one, he found the new one more helpful. 将新旧词典比较之后，他发现新词典更有用。 2. 表示“把……比作……”，通常用compare…to…， 一般不用compare…with…。如： Shakespeare compared the world to a stage. 莎士 比亚把世界比作舞台。 The poet compares the woman he loves to a rose. 诗人把他所爱的女人比作玫瑰。 3. 在compared to [with]（与……相比）这一习语中，用to或with已没什么区别。如： Compared with [to] him, I’m just a beginner. 和他相比，我只是一个初学者。 Compared to [with] many women, she was very for tunate. 和许多女人相比，她算是很幸运的了。 4. 用作不及物动词时，其后习惯上接with(也有时接t o)，多与情态动词can连用，表示“比得上”“能与……比美”，但一般用于否定句或疑问句中。如： Nothing can compare with wool for warmth. 没有 比羊毛更暖和的东西了。 Life in a town can’t compare with life in the c ountry. 乡村的生活比城镇的生活好得多。
一、接不定式（而不接动名词）作宾语的24个常用动词afford to do sth. 负担得起做某事 agree to do sth. 同意做某事 arrange to do sth.安排做某事 ask to do sth. 要求做某事 beg to do sth. 请求做某事 care to do sth. 想要做某事 choose to do sth. 决定做某事 decide to do sth. 决定做某事 demand to do sth. 要求做某事 determine to do sth. 决心做某事 expect to do sth. 期待做某事 fear to do sth. 害怕做某事 help to do sth. 帮助做某事 hope to do sth. 希望做某事 learn to do sth. 学习做某事 manage to do sth. 设法做某事 offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事 plan to do sth. 计划做某事 prepare to do sth. 准备做某事 pretend to do sth. 假装做某事 promise to do sth. 答应做某事 refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事 want to do sth. 想要做某事 wish to do sth. 希望做某事 注：有些不及物动词后习惯上也接不定式，不接动名词：aim to do sth. 打算做某事 fail to do sth. 未能做某事 long to do sth. 渴望做某事 happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事 hesitate to do sth. 犹豫做某事 struggle to do sth. 努力做某事 二、接不定式作宾补的36个常用动词 advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事 allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 ask sb. to do sth.请（叫）某人做某事 bear sb. to do sth.忍受某人做某事 beg sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事 cause sb. to do sth. 导致某人做某事 command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事 drive sb. to do sth .驱使某人做某事 elect sb. to do sth. 选举某人做某事 encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事
常用介词及副词的搭配用法归纳 （－）about about既可以用作介词也可以用作副词，它常和下列名词,动词，形容词搭配使用。 名词＋about talk about 关于???谈话；information about/on 关于???知识，消息 动词＋about think about sth. 考虑某事look about 环顾；考虑 bring about 带来，造成，引起leave about 乱放 come about 发生go about 四处走动 get about 走动，传开，着手干set about 开始，着手 hang about 逗留，徘徊put about 传播谣言 turn about 回首，转身，轮流tell sb.about sth. 告诉某人某事 grief about sth. 对…伤心confuse sb.about sth 使某人对某事感到混乱bother sb.about sth 为某事打扰某人gossip about sb.or sth.谈论、闲聊某人或事某形容词+about hopeful about/of 希望，期待particular about 对…讲究，特别 enthusiastic about 对…热心crazy about ab./sth. 对…欣喜 sure about/of 对..确定知道，对…有把握 anxious about 对…担忧，焦虑anxious for 渴望 careful about/of 注意，保护，保重careful with 对…注意，照顾 careless about 对…不留心feel nervous about/at sth. 对…感到不安 doubtful about/of 对…感到好奇optimistic about 对…感到乐观 happy about/at sth. 因某事而感到高兴 （二）across across 既可以用作介词也可以用作副词，它常与下列动词搭配使用。 come across 横越…，偶尔碰见run across 跑着穿过；偶尔碰见 cut across 抄近路穿过get across 惹（某人）不高兴；通过 get sth. across 领会put across 哄骗put sth. across 使人听懂 （三）against against 只用作介词，常与下列名词或动词搭配使用。 1）名词+against grudge against 对…怨恨declaration against 反对…声明或宣言 hostility against 对…敌意battle against 反对…的斗争 2）动词+against swim against the current/tide 逆流而泳run against the wind 逆风而跑 work against 反对，抢时间defend against 团结起来反对… side against 与别人站在一方反对…人rebel against 反，反抗… stand against 反对…prejudice against 对…有偏见 rise against 起来反对…argue against 抗议，反对… …反抗strike against 抗议，反对protest against
插入语用法归纳 插入语用法很多,在句子中的位置比较灵活,在学习中应当认真去体会。大体而言,插入语可以分为以下几类: 1. 用简短的句子结构作插入语。这类短语有:I think, I hope, I guess, I believe, I suppose, I wonder, I tell you, I say, I'm afraid, I'm sure, you see, you know, as you know, that is, that is to say, what's more等等,它们可以置于句中或句尾。如: I suggest you choose someone who you think is kind and friendly. This diet, I think, will do good to your health. It won't be raining long, I hope. You will have to work harder, you know, if you want to succeed. 2. 副词或副词短语用作插入语,这类插入语一般放在句首或句尾。如: Happily for him, his father's second wife was kind to him too. You'll be able to pass the coming exam, surely. Luckily for him, he didn't hurt in the accident. Honestly, I don't need it at the moment. 3. 介词或介词短语作插入语,这类插入语一般放在句首,有时也可放在句中。如: Like most of my schoolmates, I have neither brothers nor sisters-in other words, I'm an only child. By the way, Bob sends his best wishes. On the other hand, I didn't know you were there. In short, things have begun to improve since schools were called on to reduce learning load. 4. 分词短语作插入语。如: Judging from your accent, you must be from England. Generally speaking, he is the best student in our class. Compared with China, the USA is smaller. 5. 不定式短语作插入语。如: To put it mildly, he was not up to the mark. To tell you the truth, I don't want to see her. To be sure, Jim is a faster skater, but he is not good at doing figures. To conclude, it was a great success. 在日常交际用语和书面表达中，插入语频频出现。英语中的插入语（Parenthesis）是插在句子中的一个词，短语或从句，通常被逗号、破折号或句子的其他部分隔开，它与句子的其他部分之间没有语法上的关系，因此，有的语法学家将其归为独立成分。 插入语在句中通常是对一句话的一些附加解释，说明或总结；有时表示说话者的态度和看法；有时起强调的作用；有时是为了引起对方的注意；还可以起转移话题或说明事由的作用；也可以承上启下，使句子与前面的语句衔接的更紧密一些。 插入语大致可分为以下10种类型： 1. 形容词或形容词短语作插入语
p u r p o s e的用法与搭配 Company Document number：WTUT-WT88Y-W8BBGB-BWYTT-19998
purpose的用法与搭配 用作名词，主要意思为“目的”“目标”，用法注意： 1.表示做某事的目的，通常用 the purpose of 的结构。如： What was the purpose of his visit 他来访的目的是什么？ He came here with [for] the purpose of seeing his family. 他来这里的目的是探亲。若 purpose 前用了物主代词，则通常连用介词 in。如： What is your purpose in being here 你在这儿干什么？ Her purpose in going to Japan is to look for her uncle. 她去日本的目的是找她叔叔。 以下结构也用介词 in。如： I have a purpose in making this trip to Europe. 我这次欧洲之行是有目的的。 2.表示为了某种目的，通常用for…purposes（其中的 purpose通常用复数）。如： He keeps a horse for pleasure purposes. 他为消遣而养马。 He learns Japanese for business purposes. 他学习日语是为做生意。 类似的例子有：for medical purposes（为了医学的目的），for defence purposes （为了防御之目的），for scientific purposes（为了科学的目的），English for commercial purposes（商业英语）等。 3.用于 on purpose, 意为“有意地”“故意地”。如： I came here on purpose to see you. 我是特意来看你的。
? 1.?表示“打扰”“麻烦”，为及物动词，要表示用某事麻烦某人，一般用介词?with?或?about。如： I’m sorry that I have to bother you with?[about]?this problem.?对不起，我要用这个问题来麻烦你了。 2.?表示“费心”“费力”，多用于否定句和疑问句；若表示费心做某事，表示通常其后接动词时，通常用不定式。如： He didn’t bother?(=trouble)?to answer personally.?他嫌麻烦不愿亲自回答。 Why bother to write? We’ll see him tomorrow.?还写信干什么??我们明天就见到他了。 在现代英语中，bother?后也可跟动名词。如： Don’t bother to lock?[locking]?the door.?别费事锁门了。 He won’t come, so why bother inviting him??他不会来的，为什么还要费心请他呢? 有时后接?about doing sth?也可表示类似意思。如： You needn’t bother to come up?[about coming up].?你不必费心来了。 3.?在口语中说?don’t bother(…),?主要用于谢绝对方主动提出的善意帮助，意为“不用费心（……）了”“不用麻烦（……）了”。如： A：Shall I help you with the washing up??要不要我帮你洗碗碟? B：Don’t bother. I’ll do it later.?不必麻烦了，我等一会再洗。 Don’t bother to come to the door with me. I can see my self out.?不用费力送我出去。我可以自己出去。 另外，口语中还说I’m not bothered，其意为“我无所谓”。如： I’m not bothered whether we go out or stay in.?出去还是待在家里，我无所谓。 4.?惯用句式can’t be bothered?(to do sth)?的意思是“嫌麻烦而不做某事”“偷懒”。如： The grass needs cutting but I can’t be bothered to do it today.?草得剪一剪了，但我今天却懒得去做
tell的用法和常见搭配 tell的中文含义是：说；告诉；讲述。 例句：Tell him to wait for a few minutes, please. 请告诉他等几分钟。 tell一般用作及物动词，常用于tell somebody to do something这个结构中，表示“要某人做某事”，如：Tell the kids to be quite, please. 请告诉孩子们保持安静。类似的结构还有ask somebody to do something。 tell还常用于tell somebody something和tell somebody about something这两个结构中。两个结构都有“告诉”的意思，它们的区别是：tell somebody something告诉某人某事（往往是不需要解释、说明的事）；tell somebody about something向某人讲述某事（往往含有解释、说明的意味）。试比较： Tell me your phone number. 告诉我你的。 Please tell me something about your school life. 请给我讲讲你的校园生活吧。 常用搭配： tell somebody to do something 告诉某人去做某事 tell somebody something 告诉某人某事 tell somebody about something 向某人讲述某事 speak, talk, say, tell的用法区别 这四个词的用法辨析是中考英语中考得最经常的同义词辨析之一。综观各省市的中考英语真题情况，我们发现，中考对这四个词的考查主要侧重于其用法差异和习惯表达方面的不同。因此，本文拟在这两个方面谈谈它们的具体用法和区别。 一、用法方面的区别 1.speak 强调单方的“说”或“讲”，一般用作不及物动词，要表示“对某人说(某事)”，可用 speak to [with] sb (about sth)。如： Please speak more slowly. 请说慢一点。 I spoke to [with] the chairman about my idea. 我跟主席说了我的想法。
purpose的用法与搭配 用作名词，主要意思为“目的”“目标”，用法注意： 1.表示做某事的目的，通常用the purpose of 的结构。如： What was the purpose of his visit? 他来访的目的是什么? He came here with [for] the purpose of seeing his family. 他来这里的目的是探亲。若purpose 前用了物主代词，则通常连用介词in。如： What is your purpose in being here? 你在这儿干什么? Her purpose in going to Japan is to look for her uncle. 她去日本的目的是找她叔叔。 以下结构也用介词in。如： I have a purpose in making this trip to Europe. 我这次欧洲之行是有目的的。 2.表示为了某种目的，通常用for…purposes（其中的purpose通常用复数）。如： He keeps a horse for pleasure purposes. 他为消遣而养马。 He learns Japanese for business purposes. 他学习日语是为做生意。 类似的例子有：for medical purposes（为了医学的目的），for defence purposes （为了防御之目的），for scientific purposes（为了科学的目的），English for commercial purposes（商业英语）等。 3.用于on purpose, 意为“有意地”“故意地”。如： I came here on purpose to see you. 我是特意来看你的。 She broke the dish on purpose just to show her anger. 她故意打破碟子以表示她的愤怒。 4.用于to little (no, some) purpose，表示“几乎徒劳（毫无成效，有一定效果）地”。如： Money has been invested in the scheme to very little purpose. 资金已投入那计划中却几无成效。 We spoke to little purpose. His mind was clearly made up already. 我们说的话不起作用，他显然早已下定决心了。
动词bother的用法与搭配 1.表示“打扰”“麻烦”，为及物动词，要表示用某事麻烦某人，一般用介 词with 或about。如： I’m sorry that I have to bother you with[about] this problem. 对不起，我要用这个问题来麻烦你了。 2.表示“费心”“费力”，多用于否定句和疑问句；若表示费心做某事，表示通常其后接动词时，通常用不定式。如： He didn’t bother(=trouble) to answer personally. 他嫌麻烦不愿亲自回答。 Why bother to write We’ll see him tomorrow.还写信干什么我们明天就见到他了。 在现代英语中，bother 后也可跟动名词。如： Don’t bother to lock[locking] the door. 别费事锁门了。 He won’t come, so why bother inviting him他不会来的，为什么还要费心请他呢有时后接about doing sth 也可表示类似意思。如： You needn’t both er to come up [about coming up]. 你不必费心来了。 3.在口语中说don’t bother(…), 主要用于谢绝对方主动提出的善意帮助，意为“不用费心（……）了”“不用麻烦（……）了”。如： A：Shall I help you with the washing up 要不要我帮你洗碗碟 B：Don’t bother. I’ll do it later.不必麻烦了，我等一会再洗。 Don’t bother to come to the door with me. I c an see myself out. 不用费力送我出去。我可以自己出去。 另外，口语中还说I’m not bothered，其意为“我无所谓”。如： I’m not bothered whether we go out or stay in.出去还是待在家里，我无所谓。 4.惯用句式can’t be bothered(to do sth) 的意思是“嫌麻烦而不做某事”“偷懒”。如： The grass needs cutting but I can’t be bothered to do it tod ay. 草得剪一剪了，但我今天却懒得去做。
初中级 （一）由Be组成的固定短语 1)beback/in/out回来/在家/外出 2)beathome/work在家/上班 3)begoodat善于，擅长于 4)becarefulof当心，注意，仔细 5)becoveredwith被……复盖 6)bereadyfor为……作好准备 7)besurprised(at)对……感到惊讶 8)beinterestedin对……感到兴趣 9)beborn出生 10)beon在进行，在上演，（灯）亮着 11)beabletodosth.能够做…… 12)be afraidof…)害怕……(不敢做……，恐怕……) 13)beangrywithsb.生(某人)的气 14)bepleased(with)对……感到高兴(满意) 15)befamousfor以……而着名 16)bestrictin(with)(对工作、对人)严格要求 17)befrom来自……，什么地方人 18)behungry/thirsty/tired饿了/渴了/累了 19)beworried担忧 20)be(well)worthdoing(非常)值得做…… 21)becoveredwith被……所覆盖…… 22)bein(great)needof(很)需要 23)beintrouble处于困境中 24)begladtodosth.很高兴做…… 25)belatefor……迟到 26)bemadeof(from)由……制成 27)besatisfiedwith对……感到满意 28)befree空闲的，有空 29)be(ill)inbed卧病在床 30)bebusydoing(with)忙于做……(忙于……) 31)beaboutto即将刚要正打算 (二)由come、do、get、give、go、have、help、keep、make、look、put、set、send、take、turn、play等动词构成的词组 1)comeback回来2)comedown下来3)comein进入，进来 4)comeon快，走吧，跟我来5)comeout出来出版
say, talk, tell, speak的用法及练习
练习一：用say, talk, tell, speak的适当形式填空。 1.Don't him about our plans. 2.I waited for an answer, but she didn't a word. 3.He that he would wait for me at the library. 4.He us that he was going to buy a new car. 5.Do you English? https://www.doczj.com/doc/1c16704578.html,e here, Mike. We need to . 7.To you the truth, I don't remember anything. 8.Did the director at the conference? 9.Do you know how to good-bye in Arabic? 10.We spent the whole evening about old friends. 11.They nothing to me. 12.What did Eric when he saw the new bike? 13.She ____ several languages. 14.He ____ for about an hour. 15.He ____ a lot of nonsense. 16.It was an interesting ____. 17.He's always ____ behind people's backs. 18.If it's worrying you, you should ____ your mind. 19.There's a serious problem- I think we should ____. 20.We ____ things over and everything's OK between us now. 21.It's just ____- they'll never actually do it. 22.She ____ in her sleep. 23.It goes without that we will pay for the expenses. 24.It's no use expecting me to because I promised I'd keep the secret. 25.Let's he offers the job to you. Would you accept it? 26.Don't anyone. We don't want the neighbours to start talking. 27.Pull yourself together and stop nonsense. 28.I don't know how we will communicate. I don't a word of Chinese. 29.She always her prayers before lunch.
▲run about Put your coat on, or you'll catch cold running about.快把外套穿上,不然你到处乱跑会感冒的。run across1(v.+adv.) 〈主英〉开车送give a ride to sb ▲run sb?acrossDon't wait for the bus in this cold weather; I'll get the car and run you across to your mother's.这么冷的天气别等公共汽车了,我开车送你到你母亲那里去。 run across2(v.+prep.) 1.不期而遇; 偶然发现find or meet by chance 〔说明〕run across作此解时通常不用于进行体。 ▲run across sb/sth I ran across her in the public library yesterday.我昨天在公共图书馆碰巧遇见了她。 I ran across my old friend Jail in Paris last week.上星期,我在巴黎遇见老友杰尔。 I ran across a beautiful poem in this book.我在此书中偶然发现了一首好诗。 2.非法地运送… bring or take sth into a country illegally and secretly; smuggle ▲run sth across sth He used to run guns across the border.他过去经常偷运枪支出境。 run after(v.+prep.) ▲run after sb/sth1.追赶try to catch The policemen are running after a prisoner who escaped last night.警察在追捕一名昨夜逃跑的犯人。 The dog was running after a rabbit.那条狗正追逐一只兔子。 Don't bother running after the bus, you'll never catch it.别费劲去追赶那辆公共汽车了,你怎么也赶不上的。 2.追求try to gain the attention and company of Instead of devoting himself to his studies, he wastes his time running after girls.他没致力于学习,而是浪费时间追求女孩子。 If you didn't run after her so much, she might be more interested in you.如果你不是拼命追求她的话,她也许会对你更有兴趣的。 3.伺候perform the duties of a servant for Don't expect me to run after you all your life.别指望我伺候你一辈子。 run against(v.+prep.) 1.碰及,碰撞come into collision with ▲run against sb/sthHe ran against a wall in the darkness.黑暗中他撞在一堵墙上。 While walking on the pavement, he ran against a lamppost.他正在便道上走着,一不注意撞到电灯杆上了。 2.同…竞选compete with sb for an elected office ▲run against sbHe is running against many competitors in the 100 metres.在100米赛跑中,他得对付许多竞赛者。 Roosevelt ran against Hoover in 1932.1932年罗斯福与胡佛竞选总统。 Mr. Price risked defeat in running against Mr. Johnson in the last election.在上次大选中,普赖斯先生冒着失败的风险与约翰逊竞选总统。 3.偶然遇到meet sb by chance ▲run against sbI ran against an acquaintance in the street yesterday.我昨天在街上偶遇一位熟人。
say,speak,tell,talk 辨析 say,speak,tell,talk的用法区别：四个动词都有“说”，“讲”的意思，但用法和含义不尽相同。 talk是不及物动词，一般指随便漫谈，表示“同某人交谈”，要用talk to sb.或 talk with sb.；表示“谈论某事”,要用talk about sth. 。 We talked about music all night. 我们就音乐谈了一个通宵。 Look! They are talking happily. 看，他们谈得多高兴呀！ tell 是及物动词,意思是"告诉,讲述". 表示"告诉某人某事", 要用 tell sb. sth.; 表示"告诉某人做某事", 要用 tell sb. to do sth. 表示"告诉某人不要做某事",要用tell sb. not to do sth. He is telling an interesting story. 他在讲一个有趣的故事。 He told me everything about it yesterday morming. 他昨天上午把这件事全告诉我了。 Tell him not to make much noise. 告诉他不要吵。 say是及物动词,意思是"说",强调说的内容. He said nothing. 他什么也没说。 He said that his friend was an English teacher. 他说他的朋友是英语教师（或英国教师）。speak 用作及物动词时，其宾语一般是语言或词语之类的词；作不及物动词，意思是“说话”。在会议上正式发言也用speak.表示“对/同某人说话”，要用“speak to sb.” He speaks English very well. 他讲一口流利的英语。（他英语说得好。） He didn't speak a word.他没讲一句话。 He spoke at the meeting. 他在会上发言了。 本文由索罗学院整理