徐绽2014考研英语强化班精品课程写作讲义

徐绽考研英语作文Nowadays, more and more people are choosing to pursue a master's degree in order to further their education and improve their career prospects. The graduate entrance examination, or "gaokao," is the most important step inthis process. However, preparing for the gaokao is no easy task, and many students find themselves struggling to balance their studies with other responsibilities.One of the biggest challenges of preparing for the gaokao is finding the time and energy to study while also managing other commitments, such as work or family responsibilities. Many students have to work part-time jobs to support themselves, which can make it difficult to find the time to study. Additionally, some students may have family obligations that require them to take on additional responsibilities at home. This can make it even more challenging to find the time and energy to study for the gaokao.Another challenge of preparing for the gaokao is the pressure to succeed. The gaokao is a highly competitive exam, and the stakes are high. Many students feel immense pressure to perform well on the exam in order to secure a spot in a top graduate program. This pressure can be overwhelming and can make it difficult for students to stay focused and motivated.Despite these challenges, there are several strategies that students can use to prepare for the gaokao effectively. First, it's important for students to prioritize their studies and make time for regular, focused study sessions. This may require them to make sacrifices in other areas of their lives, but it's essential for success on the exam. Additionally, students can seek out support from friends, family, and teachers to help them stay motivated and on track.In conclusion, preparing for the gaokao is achallenging and demanding process, but with the right strategies and support, students can succeed. Byprioritizing their studies and seeking out support,students can overcome the challenges of preparing for the gaokao and achieve their goals of furthering their education and improving their career prospects.徐绽考研英语作文仿写：In recent years, an increasing number of individuals have opted to pursue a master's degree to enhance their education and career opportunities. The graduate entrance examination, commonly known as the "gaokao," serves as a crucial step in this process. However, preparing for the gaokao poses significant challenges, with many students struggling to juggle their studies alongside other responsibilities.One of the primary hurdles in preparing for the gaokao is the difficulty in finding the time and energy to study while managing other commitments, such as work or family obligations. Numerous students are compelled to take on part-time jobs to support themselves, making it arduous to allocate sufficient time for studying. Furthermore, some students may have familial responsibilities that demandadditional attention, further complicating their ability to dedicate time and energy to gaokao preparation.Another challenge in preparing for the gaokao is the immense pressure to succeed. The exam is highly competitive, and the stakes are undeniably high. As a result, students often experience overwhelming pressure to perform exceptionally well on the exam to secure a spot in a prestigious graduate program. This pressure can be debilitating, hindering students' ability to maintain focus and motivation.Despite these challenges, there are several effective strategies that students can employ to prepare for the gaokao. First and foremost, it is imperative for studentsto prioritize their studies and carve out time for regular, focused study sessions. This may necessitate making sacrifices in other aspects of their lives, but it is indispensable for success on the exam. Additionally,seeking support from friends, family, and teachers can help students stay motivated and on track.In conclusion, preparing for the gaokao is undeniably demanding and challenging, but with the right strategies and support, students can overcome these obstacles and achieve their academic and career aspirations. By prioritizing their studies and seeking out support, students can successfully navigate the challenges of preparing for the gaokao and realize their goals of advancing their education and career prospects.。

考研英语2014真题作文2014年考研英语作文题目为，The Importance of Confidence （自信的重要性）。

范文参考如下：The Importance of Confidence。

Confidence is an important quality that can help people achieve success in various aspects of their lives. It is the belief in oneself and one's abilities, and it plays a crucial role in determining one's level of success and fulfillment. In this essay, I will discuss the importance of confidence and how it can impact an individual's life.First and foremost, confidence is essential for achieving success in one's career. When a person is confident in their abilities and skills, they are more likely to take on new challenges and pursue their goals with determination. This can lead to greater careeradvancement and opportunities for growth. In addition, confident individuals are more likely to take risks and seize opportunities that come their way, which canultimately lead to greater success in their professional lives.Furthermore, confidence is also important for building strong and healthy relationships. When a person isconfident in themselves, they are more likely to beassertive and communicate effectively with others. This can lead to better interpersonal relationships and a greater sense of connection with others. Additionally, confidence can also help individuals set boundaries and stand up for themselves when necessary, which is essential for maintaining healthy and fulfilling relationships.In addition to its impact on career and relationships, confidence is also important for one's overall well-being and mental health. When a person is confident in themselves, they are more likely to have a positive outlook on life and be resilient in the face of challenges. This can lead to greater emotional well-being and a greater sense offulfillment in life. Additionally, confidence can also help individuals cope with stress and anxiety, as they are more likely to believe in their ability to overcome difficulties and persevere in the face of adversity.In conclusion, confidence is an important quality that can impact various aspects of an individual's life. It is essential for achieving success in one's career, building strong and healthy relationships, and maintaining overall well-being and mental health. Therefore, it is importantfor individuals to cultivate and nurture their confidencein order to live a fulfilling and successful life.仿写如下：The Importance of Confidence。

考研英语十二大基础语法体系对于任何英语句子，要分析其结构，这样才能找到英语语言的规律。

每种语言都有它的难点，汉语的难点在于汉语不是拼读语言，汉字很难写，而且有四种声调。

其实，许多接触过多种外语的人都认为，英语的语法比法语、德语、俄语、日语等都简单，是最容易学的。

著名语言学家乔姆斯基说过，语法是内生的、也就是随着语言的诞生而诞生的。

因此，学习语法和学习语言是相辅相成的。

一、英语动词的时态（一）英汉两种语言在时态表达方式上的差异：英语的词类与汉语的不同。

汉语词类形态稳定，比如“书”这个字，“一本书”、“三本书”都一样，没有词形变化。

英语就不同了，book, books仅从词形上就能知道是单数还是复数。

动词是英语中变化最多、最复杂的词类。

有人说，学好英语就是学好动词，此言甚是。

同一个动作或状态分别在不同时间发生或存在，表达这个动作或状态的动词就要用不同的形式，这就是时态。

（二）英语动词的形式：英语的时态是通过动词的变化来体现的。

因此，了解动词的形式及其变化规律非常重要。

英语的实义动词有以下五种形式：(1)动词原形：动词原形在句子中形式不变。

主要用于主语为非第三人称单数的一般现在时，情态动词之后，或根据语法规定必须用动词原形的其他情况。

(2) 一般现在时第三人称单数形式（简称现单三）：主要用于主语为第三人称单数的一般现在时。

(3) 过去式：主要用于一般过去时。

(4) 现在分词：主要用于进行时态，或语法规定的其他情况。

(5) 过去分词：主要用于完成时态，或语法规定的其他情况。

动词过去式和过去分词，大多数是动词原形+ ed 构成，这是规则动词。

规则动于发现不规则中的规则，即某些字母组合的不规则动词有一定的规律。

如：weep→wept, sleep→slept, sweep→swept英语动词所表示的动作在以上每个时间段中分别有四种状态：一般、进行、完成和完成进行。

因此我们便有了四四一十六个时态。

过去将来）及所处的状态（一般、进行、完成、完成进行）。

POSE1．The bride and groom posed for the photograph．2．The ideal listener stays both inside and outside the music at the moment it is played and enjoys almost as much as the compose r at the moment he composes．3．…to withdraw or deposit money in scattered locations，whether or not the local branch bank is open…4．People everywhere are feeling new wants and are being exposed to new customs and ideas．5．My job as a police officer is to impose accountability on people who refuse，or have never learned，to impose it on themselves．6．When the committee got down to details，the proposed plan seemed impractical．7．He could dispose of this car and house before he left for New York．8．…repose one’s head on a cushion．9．Strike-breakers are despise d by their workmates．TAIN1．When a new movement in art attains a certain fashion，it is advisable to find out what its advocates are aiming at．2．Most growing plants contain much more water than all other materials combined．3．The fact should not be ignored by those who maintain that unemployment and machinery are inseparable companions．4．Fortunately there are still communities-smaller towns，usually-where schools maintain discipline and where parents hold up standards．5．A growing plant needs water for all of the following except sustaining woody stems．6．But，there are certain basic ideas that must be used in every program if maximum results are to be obtained．7．We fight to retain some independence．8．He told his wife that he had been detained in the office by unexpected callers．SIST1．It serves directly to assist a rapid distribution of goods at reasonable price．2．…whose little drops consist mostly of sulfuric acid．3．Biology has provided a consistent，unified，and constantly improving account of what happened．4．And yet the myth of controlling the waters persists．5．For the next few years，for a substantial portion of the workforce，times are going to be very tough indeed．6．It takes the most cool-headed and good-tempered of drivers to resis t the temptation to revenge．7．…insist on one’s innocence．JECT1．I was unaware of the critical points involved，so my choice was quite arbitrary．2．Whoever formulated the theory of the origin of the universe，it is just empirical and needsproving．3．They provide a quick，objective method of getting some kinds of information about what a person learned．4．Most contemporary physicists reject the notion that man can never discover what these mysterious forces ‘‘really’’ are．5．Any deformity frightened and repelled her．6．The old idea that talented children burn themselves out’’in the early years is refuted by the author．7．The engineers are going through with their highway project，even though the expenses have risen．8．…are moving away from each other as new material is injected into the sea floor between them．9．They were ejected because they had not paid their rent for a year．…lava ejected from a volcano．TRANS1．They will appeal to privately funded researchers and clinics not to try to clone humans by body cell nuclear transfer．2．I suggest transforming our social system from a bureaucratically managed industrialism into a humanist industrialism．3．Electronic mail will soon play a dominant role in transmitting messages．4．It should be possible to cut off a bit of ice and transport it!5．When any non-human organ is transplanted into a person，the body immediately recognizes it as foreign．6．The author believes that Futurist poetry is more of a t ransient phenomenon than literature．7．…a man of transparent honesty．MIT1．…but no married women were admitted even as a spectator．2．I acknowledge with thanks the help of my colleagues in the preparation of this new column．3．If a crime was committed，society was considered the victim．4．…emitting radiation as it went，condensing into particles and then into atoms of gas．5．A sketch of the long report by the budget committee was submitted to the mayor for approval．6．This chapter may be omitted．TRACT1．Some philosophers argue that rights exist only within a social contract．2．A web set selling the right kind of product with the right kind of interactivity，hospitality and security will attract online customers．3．It is entirely reasonable for auditors to believe that scientists who know exactly where they are going and how they will get there should not be distracted by the necessity of keeping one eye on the cash register while the other eye is on the microscope．4．…manage to extract from Nature certain natural laws…5．…subtract 6 from 9CESS1．knowledge is power ’’ may well be the truest saying and access to information may be the most critical requirement of all people．2．First of all，most substances taken in excess will produce negative effects such as poisoning or intense perceptual distortions．3．As a concession to the public outcry，the government reduced the tax on petrol．4．The recession caused a lot of unemployment．5．…walking in procession through the streets．CEED，CED1．Subscribers can customize the information they want to receive and proceed directly to a company’s Web site．2．A further stimulus to invention came from the premium’’ system，which preceded our patent system．3．…they saw in the preceding hundred years from 1650 to 1750，…4．As the tide receded we were able to explore the rocky pools on the beach．5．…You must concede that I have tried hard．6．He conceded 10 points to his opponent．VERSE1．Several international events in the early 1990s seem likely to reserve，or at least weaken the trends that emerged in the 1980s．2．Opinions are as diverse as the people who give them．LABOR1．It elaborates the delayed effects of yesterday’s baby boom’’．2．…Whose elaborate system of the sky put Earth at the center of all heavenly motions．3．…collaborate on a biography with a friend．PRESS1．Over billions of years，the gas was compressed by gravity into galaxies，stars，plants and eventfully，even humans．2．Every day a new bit of plaster is falling off，’’ says Hay．I found it quite depressing．’’3．Everyone at school was very impressed---except the geography teacher．4．There are still institutions that oppress women．DICT1．Its scientific establishment cannot generally be foreseen in detail．2．Newton did because he was not trying to predict anything．3．Sagan is more concerned with those who believe in ghosts，creationism and other phenomenon that contradict the scientific worldview．4．…attending a shareholders’ meeting to dictate their orders to the management．SIGN1．The Prime Minister refused to comment on the rumor than he had planned to resign．2．I don’t think it advisable that he be assigned t o the job since he has no experience whatsoever．3．Cobe is designed to see just the biggest structure，but astronomers would like to see much smaller hot spots as well．SERVE1．It should be observed，of course，that no school，vocational or not，is helped by a confusion over its purpose．2．Some scientists have also suggested that Earth is a kind of zoo or wildlife reserve．3．But one basic difference of opinion concerns the question of whether or not the city as such is to be preserved．4．Yet it is an observation made so frequently that it deserves comment．CLUDE1．The official statistics on productivity growth exclude the usual rebound in a business cycle．2．Physical dependence on certain substances results from exclusive use of them for social purposes．3．I have concluded that the earth is being visited by intelligently controlled vehicles from outer space．DUCE1．From the tears in Nedra’s eyes we can deduce t hat something sad must have occurred．2．But speech has to be induced，and this depends on interaction between the mother and the child．3．An invention will not benefit the inventor unless it is reduced to commercial practice．4．If，on the other hand，producing more of a commodity results in reducing its cost，…5．In the American economy，the concept of private property embraces not only the ownership of productive resources but also certain rights．PEL1．It also means that government is increasingly compelled to interfere in these sections．2．Any deformity frightened and repelled her．3．…expel a boy from school．4．The President’s speech impelled the nation to great efforts．5．…mechanically propelled vehiclesPENS1．It is well known that knowledge is the indispensable condition for expansion of mind．2．The engineers are going through with their highway project，even though the expenses have risen．3．For example，they do not compensate for gross social inequality．4．It has been striving to expand its market．FER1．Corporations and labor unions have great benefits conferred upon their employees and members as well as upon the general public．2．As a group，their work histories differ in most respects from those of their female colleagues．3．Forgetting clearly aids orientation in time，since old memories weaken and the new tend to stand out，providing clues for inferring duration．4．In the past men generally preferred that their wives would work in the home．5．It can be referred to in filling out standard application blanks and is extremely helpful in personal interviews．TRIBUTE1．Few Americans attribute this solely to such obvious causes as a devalued dollar or the turning of the business cycle．2．No company likes to be told it is contributing to the moral decline of a nation．3．Then it sponsors lots of symposiums and a credibility project dedicated to wondering why customers are annoyed and fleeing in large numbers．TEST1．Labor MPs took to the street to protest the economic policies．2．International contests encourage false national pride and lead to misunderstanding and hatred．FICIENT1．It is of vital importance to acquire needed information efficiently．2．The professor can hardly find sufficient grounds on which to base his argument in favor of the new theory．ORDINATE1．He or she must coordinate the shapes，lighting and decoration of everything from ceiling to floor．2．All the other questions are subordinate to this one．3．Corporations use them as airborne offices，many metropolitan areas use them in police work．4．They may cooperate directly in the growing number of international projects related to science，economics and industry．5．It’s a self-examination that has，at various times，involved issues of responsibility，creative freedom and the corporate bottom line．CISE1．The new secretary has written a remarkably concise report only in a few pages but with all the details．2．All phenomena are reasoned about and given precise and exact explanations．SCRIBE1．The factory law prescribes a fine．2．Many others in equally disadvantaged circumstances choose not to engage in criminal activities．3．The 215-page manuscript，circulated t o publishers last October，sparked an outburst of interest．SURE1．I apologize if I had offended you，but I assure you it was unintentional．2．By helping to increase demand it ensures an increased need for labor．CEIVE1．Leonardo da Vinci conceived the first mechanical apparatus．2．Do we perceive ourselves as quick and curious?MED1．This seems mostly effectively done by supporting a certain amount of research not to immediate goals but of possible consequence in the future．2．Because of its intimacy，radio is usually more than just a medium．CLAIM1．Parents hold up standards that proclaim: In this family certain things are not tolerated—they simply are not done!’’2．It is announced that a wallet has been found and can be reclaimed at the manager’s office．ORIGIN1．The universe originated in an explosion from a mass of energy．2．Only fifty of the original one hundred passengers remained．SENT1．If these sensitive periods are neglected，the ideal time for acquiring skills passes．2．In addition，it is unclear what force a contract can have for people who never consented to it．3．by common assent，with one assent4．Levin asserted music is not the cause of society’s ills’’．5．I strongly dissent from what the last speaker has said．6．Technically，any substance other than food that alters our bodily or mental functioning is a dog．FUSE1．Generally，the idea of good science tends to become confused with the capacity of the field in question to generate an elegant theory．2．…to diffuse learning/ knowledge/ light/ heat/ a scent．MINI1．Time lost due to injuries is kept at a minimum．2．But，there are certain basic ideas that must be used in every program if maximum results are to be obtained．3．Again，differences between people and the opportunity for natural selection to take advantage of it have diminished．4．Many of the minor illnesses of modern industrial society，headaches，tiredness，and stomachupsets are thought to arise from breathing polluted air．5．Another major shift in the modern for Internet commerce concerns the technology available for marketing．SPIRE1．The remarkable variety of life on the Galopagos Islands inspired Charles Darwin to establish his theory of evolution．2．He is planning another tour abroad，yet his passport will expire at the end of this month．FINE1．…it is perhaps best to define it more precisely for scientific purposes．2．The significance of hot spots is not confined to their role as a frame of reference．VOC1．Those who support the nurture’’ theory，that is，they advocate education，are often called behaviorists．2．…evoke admiration/ surprise/ memories of the past3．If you provoke the dog，it will attack you．FORM1．Any test performed i nvolves at least three factors．2．I got a letter informing me I had won first prize．3．The panel then informally accepted several general conclusions，although some details have been settled．4．But it never seems to get around to noticing the cultural and class biases that so many former buyers are complaining about．5．Modern practice most closely conforms to one that sees history as the attempt to recreate and explain the significant events of the past．6．Recent court decisions have c onfirmed the right of all children．7．The phrase substance abuse’’ is often used instead of drug abuse’’．考研英语高频词组1．abide by（=be faithful to；obey）忠于；遵守。

考研英语----------暑期强化班(阅读理解部分---文都徐绽)***考研阅读理解解题思路(三步走):1.通篇细读,把握全文中心及各段的核心内容.2.仔细审题,返回原文定位,再次阅读文章.3.分析选项,对比原文信息,得出答案.***三大定位原则:1.关键词定位: 大写字母,数字,人名,地名及表示时间的词.2.自然段定位: 可以对文章进行分层.3.长难句定位: 文章中只要出现长难句必然会考到.***讲解阅读的三条主线:1.十大解题思路--------------针对题干来讲2.八大宏观阅读技巧--------针对通篇文章来讲3.五大微观阅读技巧--------针对句子来讲(小到标点符号)***十大解题思路:一.细节事实题1.标志:(1)题干中明确提到了时间,地点,人物，事物等细节信息.(2)有可能是针对文章中的1句话或者是几句话提问.(3)题干和选项之间有时是一种因果关系.2.解题关键: 返回原文,准确定位.(1)可根据题干中的时间,地点,人物,数字等关键词返回原文.(2)可根据提干中或选项中的重点词(实词)以及重点词的同义词返回原文.(3)可根据出题顺序返回原文.(4)可通过长难句返回原文定位,一般来说,长难句都会是出题点.二.例证题1.标志: case, example, exemplify, illustration, illustrate, demonstration, demonstrate.2.解题关键: 不在于是否看懂例子,而在于是否找到例子所证明的观点.3.解题步骤:(1)首先返回原文找出该例子所在的段落.(2)80%的情况向上,20%的情况向下搜索该例子所支持的观点.(3)在4个选项中寻找与找到的观点表达最一致,意思最接近的作为例证题的正确答案.**特别注意: 有时候观点不太明确,需要根据例子之前的信息进行归纳总结,得出结论.4.错误答案的干扰方式:(1)混淆论据与论点(即:把例子本身的内容放在答案中作为干扰项)(2)列举无关的常识性内容,诱导你进行常识判断.三.词汇题1.标志: 在提干中明确指出原文中某处的单词或词组,要求辨别其意思.2.解题关键: 该单词本身并不重要,重要的是该单词的上下文.3.如果该单词认识,并且不超出大纲,那么该单词的字面意思必然不是正确答案;其正确答案是根据上下文推测出的一个更加深刻的含义,该含义也许与那个单词的表面意思没有任何关系.4.做题方法:(1)在上下文中寻找同词性的词或词组.(2)利用上下文逻辑关系把4个选项代入原文进行替换,看语意是否通顺,即看哪个选项语意上最符合原文信息.四.句子理解题1.标志: 在提干中明确指出原文中的某句话,要求理解其意义.2.解题关键: 做句子理解题重要的不是上下文,而是句子本身.3.解题步骤:(1)返回原文,对该句子进行语法,句法,词法的精确解析,要求正确理解该句子的深刻含义.(2)如果有时候该句话的含义不好确定时,则可以适当依据上下文进行判断,因为局部含义是由整体含义决定的.(3)一般来说,选项中的正确答案与该句话是同义关系,只不过是用了其他的英语词汇表达而已.(4)句子理解题的干扰项经常是不切合原文信息的过分推理.(5)正确选项不包含有过于绝对化的词语.五.指代题1.标志: 在提干中明确指出原文中的某个代词,要求辨别其指代关系.(常考的指代词有:it,that, one)2.解题步骤:(1)首先返回原文找到该代词所在的句子,并且准确分析理解该句话.(2)向上搜索找离它最近的名词,名词性短语或句子.(3)将找到的词,短语或句子的意思代入该句话替换该代词,看其意思是否通顺完整.(4)在选项中找出与找到的词,短语或句子的意思最接近的一个作为正确答案.六.主旨大意题1.标志: best title, main idea, main problem, conclusion, mainly discuss, mainly deal with,purpose, the author intends to, a digest of等.2.解题关键: 利用宏观阅读技巧做主旨大意题,做题时不管主旨题出现在文章的什么位置考察,都放在最后一道题去做.3.可以采用以下两种方法做题:(1)串线法: 通读文章首段的中心句和其余各段的第一句话,把其含义看作是一个整体.(2)逆向思维,快速作文法: 在两个选项难以分辨时,可以分别以其为作文题目,在头脑中快速构思该题目的写作提纲,若所构思的写作提纲与原文内容大致相符合者为正确答案,否则为干扰选项.4.注意:(1)做主旨题时要特别小心有些文章的首段仅仅是引言段,而不是文章的主旨所在.(2)主旨大意题错误答案的特征: 局部信息&范围过宽.七.作者态度题1.标志: attitude, believe, consider, think, deem, regard等.2.(1)正态度: 支持,乐观,赞同,赞扬,高兴等.(3)负态度: 反对,批评,怀疑,悲观,失望等.(4)客观,中立.<注意: 等价选项都不选!>3.有些选项注定不是正确答案: indifferent (漠不关心的), subjective (主观的), biased (有偏见的), puzzling / puzzled (迷惑不解的).4.判断作者态度题还可以采用以下两种方法;(1)当作者态度没有明确提出时,可以寻找文章中带有褒贬含义的感情色彩的词.(2)可以根据作者写作的主线以及举例的方式进行判断.5.作者态度一般与文章的中心主旨相关联,做题时一定不要把自己的态度纳入其中,而且要区分作者的态度与作者引用别人的态度的区别.八.判断题1.标志:(1)Which of the following is not true / correct /mentioned?(2)All of the following statements are true /correct /mentioned except?2.解题思路:(1)首先判断是3对1错还是3错1对.所谓的”对”是指符合原文的信息或符合作者的态度;所谓”错”是指与原文有矛盾或原文未提及的概念或与作者的态度相反.(2)做题时每个选项都应该返回原文再次定位,将他们与原文信息一一进行比较排除,不能通过主观印象进行判断.(3)注意这种题目的选项有时候考察的会是集中于某一段的信息,或4个选项具备一些共同的特征,所以做题时可以通过自然段定位的原则缩小范围,或者对比一下4个选项,找出其中可能存在的共同点,再回原文定位.九.推理题1.标志: infer, imply, learn等.2.解题关键: 绝大多数推理题的正确答案是原文信息的归纳总结或是原文信息的同义表达,正确答案与原文信息之间不存在推理关系.3.做题时可以通过提干返回原文定位,若提干提供的信息比较少时,可以依据选项返回原文定位.做题时一般要围绕文章中的一两个重点进行思考,特别要注意文章中含义深刻或结构复杂的句子,因为对作者所表达的意思不能够一下子完全看懂的长难句是该类题目命题所在.4.做题时一定不能想的太多,推的太远,能否把原文看懂才是关键.十.态度题的新趋势1.现在的文章不仅仅局限在考作者的态度,也开始考察文章中某些人的观点或态度,或者考察作者对文章中的某人的观点和态度的看法.所以做这种题目时首先应该看清楚题目考察的到底是谁对谁的态度.2.选项可能不再是态度明确的肯定或否定的词,而是改为带有程度限制的词,比如说:guarded(谨慎的), qualified(有条件的,有限制的), reserved(有保留的), tempered(温和的,缓和的), slight(轻微的)等,因为带有保留态度的观点比较客观,往往是正确答案.3.一般带有绝对化或过于强烈的词修饰的选项必错,比如说: strongly(强烈地),completely(完全地), entirely(全部地), absolutely(绝对地)等.***八大宏观阅读技巧一.花开两朵,各表一枝(1995年---第四篇)1.这种文章的写作模式是: 在文章的开始提出两个核心概念,随后分段论述.2.阅读这种文章的关键是: 把握两个概念的定义以及它们的区别与联系,还有两者之间各自的特征.二.独句段(2001年---第五篇)独句段也就是一个句子单独成段.阅读时应注意: 当独句段出现在文章的最开始或结束的时候,该独句段所传递的信息意思一般就是文章的中心思想.当独句段出现在文章中间部分的时候,一般起承上启下的作用.三.层层递进性文章(1995年---第三篇)1.写作模式: 文章的整体或几个段落论述的问题是从抽象到具体,从初级到高级,从简单到复杂的过程,并且每段的开始都可能会出现递进词.2.阅读这种文章应该把握: 文章的中心或几段的核心观点往往会出现在层层递进各段的最后一段.四.问题答案型文章(2001年---第三篇)1.写作模式: 在第1段中提出一个问题,在随后各段提供该问题的答案.2.阅读这种文章应该把握其中心,即该问题最直接最主要的答案.五.时文(1999年---第一篇)1.特征:(1)耸人听闻,吸引眼球.(2)貌似客观,内含态度.(3)抛砖引玉,引起争论.2.一般来说,时文的写作特点决定了其中心往往出现在首段的尾句或第2段的首句.六.开门见山型文章(1998年---第一篇)*写作特点: 直接给出观点,亮明作者的态度,然后摆出事实论据进行推理论证,这种题每段都会直扣文章主题.七. 平铺直叙型文章(1997年---第四篇)*写作特点: 事实与观点交叉出现,观点蕴涵在事实中,在字里行间达到阐明观点的目的.阅读时需要综合各段的内容,通过分析和归纳来判断中心.八. 起承传合型文章(1996年---第二篇)阅读时要把握”起”与”合”的前后呼应,也就是文章首尾的前后呼应关系.这种文章的观点在第1段中会出现,在最后1段中又会再次强调.***五大微观阅读技巧一.标点符号1.句号: 以句子为单位,把一个长的段落切分成几个相对较小的意群,阅读的重点是每段的首句和尾句.2.逗号: 两个逗号之间或一个逗号之后是一个补充说明成分,阅读时可以先不看,这样便于把握句子的主要信息.3.冒号: 冒号前后是从抽象到具体的过程,后面进一步具体补充说明前面的内容.4.分号: 分号前后是并列关系,包括结构上的并列&语意上的并列.5.破折号: 两个破折号之间或一个破折号之后是补充说明成分,阅读时可以先不看,这样便于把握句子的主要信息.6.引号: 其作用主要有以下两种(1)引用别人的观点用来支持作者的观点或者作为批判的对象.(2)在短语上或名词上加引号,表示反语或说反话.7.括号: 括号内的内容起补充说明或解释词义的作用.二.类比关系1.类比,引用,列举,举例都是为了说明观点.2.阅读时可以把类比看作是特殊的例证,重点找出作者支持的观点.3.阅读的重心是要识别一下类比的核心概念,作者把什么比喻成了什么,也就是类比或比喻的对象.三.虚拟语气1.作者写作时采用虚拟语气,一般表示建议,态度和观点,用来表达一种反事实假设.2.阅读时要重点体会作者利用正话反说,反话正说所传递的言外之意.四.长难句的解析1.主句从句多又长,即一个主句带多个从句,从句中又包含从句.阅读方法: 先抓主干,从前向后读句子,找出独立的谓语部分,把握复杂句中最核心的主谓宾语,再根据从句的连接词和引导词区分出主句和从句,层层扩展进行理解.2.一个句子中出现太多的现在分词短语,过去分词短语,to do结构和独立主格等.阅读方法: 阅读时要注意把握: 一个句子的主句最完整的特征就是完整的主谓结构,尤其是独立的谓语部分.句子中一个看似是句子的结构,如果没有独立的谓语部分,它就不是句子,而是分词短语或是独立主格的干扰,阅读时可以先跳过不看,便于把握句子的主要信息.五.长难句的基本语法结构(1)省略句(2)倒装结构(3)同位语从句(4)非限制性定语从句(5)强调结构(6)形式主语/形式宾语***做阅读题时应当注意以下四点1.一般情况下,考研的阅读理解的文章只会传递一个中心思路,每个段落的中心是围绕文章的中心去服务的.2.注意把握两种类型的文章:(1)议论文: 阅读的重点是作者的观点及其态度.(2)说明文: 阅读的重点是说明的对象及其特征.3.阅读每一篇文章时注意看清楚文章是由几个自然段构成时,还要按照逻辑关系恰如其分地给文章分层,这样便于做题时更准确的定位.4.阅读每一篇文章的重点是: 首段及每段的首尾句,还有文章中的转折关系处,因果关系处,让步关系处.我们可以快读的地方是: 例子的内容,引用的内容,具体的数字以及冒号后面的补充说明成分.。

2014考研基础讲义之语法解绝真题课程目的：词汇+语法=句子+句子=文章，故有了语法，解决根本问题。

引言：语法的意义何在（什么是语法）（1997年翻译）On one view of rights, to be sure, it necessarily follows that animals have none.（2006年阅读4）happiness more often than not ends in sadness.乐极生悲（2012年翻译）Chomsk y’s grammar should show patterns of language change that are independent of the family tree or the pathway tracked through it, whereas Greenbergian universality predicts strong co-dependencies between particular types of word-order relations.指导：如何解决考研语法：一个核心：谓语三种残缺：非谓语动词to do, doing ,done两种顺序：定语(对于名词的修饰和限制)，状语（对于谓语动词发生状态的修饰和限定：时间、地点、起因，结果！人物，经过是谓语，不是可有可无，）五种从句：在另一个句子里做成分的简单句！从句不能独立存在！主语从句、宾语从句、状语从句、定语从句、同位语从句五种结构：一.语法核心——谓语（一个核心）1.谓语的意义：（2002 年阅读）Strengthening economic growth, at the same time as winter grips the northern hemisphere, could push the price higher in the short term.2.谓语判断原则：提示记录区：动词分类1）2）3）英语时态语态一览表： 时间 状态 备注3.谓语判断举例：（1996年翻译）This trend began during the second World War, when several governments came to this conclusion that the specific demands cannot generally be foreseen in detail.二.非谓语动词（三种残缺） 1. 非谓语动词来源： 非谓语动词 谓语类型谓语来源残缺部分谓语含义非谓语翻译可做成分to do doing done done doing2. 非谓语动词举例： 1）做主语+宾语（2012年翻译）To filter out what is unique from what is shared might enable us to understand how complex cultural behaviour arose and what guides it in evolutionary or cognitive terms.2）定语Rosenberg, the recipient of a Pulitzer Prize, offers a host of example of the social cure in action: In South Carolina, a state-sponsored antismoking program called Rage Against the Haze sets out to make cigarettes uncool.（2012年阅读TEXT1）4）状语Pledging to run Pilgrim safely, the company has applied for federal permission to keep it提示记录区：简单句的成分提示记录区：done 和doing 作定语open for another 20 years.（2012年阅读TEXT2）3. to do 的形式用法1）形式主语（2005年翻译）It is not easy to talk about the role of the mass media in this overwhelmingly significant phase in European history.2）形式宾语：（2007年新题型）All these activities can prevent the growth of important communicationand thinking skills and make it difficult for kids to develop the kind of sustained concentration they will need for most jobs.3）that形式主语（2004年阅读TEXT2）It has long been known that a taxi firm called AAAA cars has a big advantage over Zodiac cars when customers thumb through their phone directories.4) 强调结构：（2009Text2）It is a wise father that knows his own child, but today a man can boost his paternal (fatherly) wisdom –or at least confirm that he’s the kid’s dad.三.定语与状语（两种顺序）1. 定语成分与顺序1）定语成分一览表定语成分形容词名词代词分词不定式介词短语定语从句前置定语后置定语2）定语翻译举例举例一：（2011年text1）The decision of the New York Philharmonic to hire Alan Gilbert as its next music director has been the talk of the classical-music world ever since thesudden announcement of his appointment in 2009.举例二：（1997年text5）Much of the language used to describe monetary policy, such as “steering the economy toa soft landing” or “a touch on the brakes,” makes it sound like a precise science.提示记录区：定语翻译顺序2. 状语分类与顺序1. 状语分类状语分类时间地点原因目的条件让步结果比较方式代表句前分隔主谓之间句尾部分2. 状语成分状语成分状语举例状语位置3.状语的翻译中文状语语序：英语状语语序：4. 条件状语的真伪（虚拟语气）情况条件结果备注现在真实现在虚拟过去真实过去虚拟将来真实将来虚拟真题举例一：（2003年text1）Wild Bill Donovan would have loved the Internet. The American spymaster who built the Office of Strategic Services in the World War II and later laid the roots for the CIA was fascinated with information.41. The emergence of the Net has ________.[A] received support from fans like Donovan[B] remolded the intelligence services[C] restored many common pastimes[D] revived spying as a profession提示记录区：状语翻译顺序提示记录区：介词短语的作用四.五种从句1. 从句概念与分类2. 引导词A.关系代词B.关系副词3. 从句特征一览表从句类型特征引导词举例翻译方式主语从句宾（表）语从句定语从句同位语从句状语从句4. 定语从句的特殊性1）限定性定语从句He likes his father who gives money to him.2）有介词的定语从句举例一（2003年text3）It’s a theory to which many economists subscribe, but in practice it often leaves railroadsin the position of determining which companies will flourish and which will fail.举例二（2003年翻译)Furthermore, humans have the ability to modify the environment in which they live, thussubjecting all other life forms to their own peculiar ideas and fancies.3）使用关系副词的定语从句举例三（2010年text1）It is difficult to the point of impossibility for the average reader under the age of forty toimagine a time when high-quality arts criticism could be found in most big-citynewspapers.举例四(2010年翻译)In Europe, where forestry is ecologically more advanced, the non-commercial tree species are recognized as members of native forest community, to be preserved as such, within reason.五.五种结构1. 代词指代核心三原则：1. 2. 3.（2012年翻译）Chomsky’s grammar should show pattern s of language change that are independent of the family tree or the pathway tracked through it, whereas Greenbergian universality predicts strong co-dependencies between particular types of word-order relations.2. 平行比较结构1）平行原则：1. 2.（1995年翻译）How well the predictions will be validated by later performance depends upon the amount, reliability, and appropriateness of the information used and on the skill and wisdom with which it is interpreted.2）比较原则：1. 2.（1995年翻译）Railroads typically charge such “captive” shippers 20 to 30 percent more than they do when another railroad is competing for the business.3. 省略（1）重复省略1.In Britain, more than half of public-sector workers but only about 15% of private-sector ones are unionized.（2012年TEXT4）2.The teachers’unions keep an eye on schools, the CCPOA on prisons and a variety of labor groups on health care.（2012年TEXT4）3.Do you remember all those years when scientists argued that smoking would kill us but the doubters insisted that we didn’t know for sure? That the evidence was inconclusive, the science uncertain? That the antismoking lobby was out to destroy our way of life and the government should stay out of the way? （2005年TEXT2）（2）简洁省略A B C DB. European ministers instantly demanded that the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) do likewise.（2010年TEXT4）C.The company, a major energy supplier in New England, provoked justified outrage in Vermont last week when it announced it was reneging on a longstanding commitment to abide by the strict nuclear regulations.（2012年TEXT2）D.This is a subtle form of peer pressure: we unconsciously imitate the behavior we see every day.（2012年TEXT1）4. 分隔结构（1）Strengthening economic growth, at the same time as winter grips the northern hemisphere, could push the price higher in the short term.（2002 年阅读TEXT1）（2）Reform has been vigorously opposed, perhaps most egregiously in education, where charter schools, academies and merit pay all faced drawn-out battles. （2012 年阅读TEXT4）（3）And that’s the problem with a social cure engineered from the outside: in the real world, as in school, we insist on choosing our own friends.（2012 年阅读TEXT1）5. 倒装结构1）部分倒装：a b c（1986年text1）Very rarely is a specialist capable of being an administrator.(2009年text3)Only when humanity began to get its food in a more productive way was there time for other things.（1996年text5）And so it does -- and all would be well were reason the only judge in the creationism/evolution debate.2）完全倒装:a. b. c.At the core of this debate was chairman Gerald Levin, 56, who took over for the late Steve Ross in 1992.（1997, passage 4）Scattered around the globe are more than 100 small regions of isolated volcanic activity known to geologists as hot spots. (1998passage 5)。

2014考研英语辅导大学英语六级写作讲义目录第一章知彼知己................................................................................................ 错误！未定义书签。

第一节大纲要求......................................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。

第二节评分标准......................................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。

第二章真题类型................................................................................................ 错误！未定义书签。

第一节论说文............................................................................................. 错误！未定义书签。

（一）现象解析类.............................................................................. 错误！未定义书签。

（二）观点论证类.............................................................................. 错误！未定义书签。

第二节应用文............................................................................................. 错误！未定义书签。

讲义提前看暑期强化——徐绽考研阅读理解第一部分十大解题思路一、细节题标志：1、题干上有五W一H提问，2、题干中明确的会提到时间、地点、人物或者事物等细节信息。

3、有可能针对文章中的一句话或者几句话发问。

4、题干和选项有可能考察一种因果关系。

5、解题关键：返回原文，准确定位。

做题：做题依据一定要紧扣文章本身返回原文：1、可以根据题干所列的地点、时间、人物、事物返回原文。

2、根据出题的顺序返回原文。

3、根据题干中或四个选项中的重点词，或同义词返回原文。

4、通过长难句返回原文。

二、句子理解题1、标志：题干中明确指出是原文中的某句话，重要的不是上下文，而是句子本身。

2、步骤：（1）重点是返回原文，对该句子进行语法、句法、词法的精准解析。

正确（不能推）理解该句子的深刻含义。

（2）若该句话的含义不能确定，则适当依据上下文进行判断。

局部含义有整体含义决定。

（3）一般来说，选项中的正确答案与原句是同义关系，只不过用其他短语表达。

3、错误选项特征：推的过远，做题时注意把握理解度。

4、正确选项不包含过于绝对化的词语。

三、主旨大意题1、标志：best title main idea main problem conclusion mainly disguss mainly deal with或者问作者的写作目的purpose the author intends to do sth a digest of利用宏观阅读技巧作主旨题，不管是出现在什么位置，都把他作为最后一题来做。

2、方法：（1）段落少，用串线法。

(2）快速作文法：两个选项难以分辨的时候，用这两个选项做作文，快速给出纲。

3、选项不能选择局部信息，也不能选范围过宽的信息。

四、态度题1、标志：题干中出现attitude believe consider deam regard2、作者态度可以分为三大类：（1）正态度：支持，乐观，赞同（2）客观、中立、公正（3）反对、批评、怀疑3、等价选项都不选4、有些选项一定不是正确答案（永陪选项）：indifferent（漠不关心）；subjective（主观的）biased（有偏见的）；puzzled（迷惑不解的）5、识别作者态度：方法一：可以根据作者论述的主线及举例的方式进行判断。

资料来源：中国教育在线 /
资料来源：中国教育在线 / 大作文 如果听过海天考研[微博]冲刺班和点睛班的同学这次考试会觉得写起来比较顺畅，因为这次作文跟我们之前预测的几乎完全一样。

大家都发现考卷出现两幅图画，一个是左边30年前小女孩拉着妈妈的手，右面是一个女孩长大成人，手扶着自己的母亲，写一个现在，下面的标题叫“相携”。

当你仔细观察你就会发现，这幅画的作者让我们明白，小的时候父母照顾我们，老的时候我们照顾老人，我们应该孝敬老人，关爱老人。

第一幅图是情景描述；第二幅图是点明主题：为什么年轻人不关爱老人，也可以强调关爱老人的重要性是什么。

小作文
英语小作文考的第一篇文章叫建议性，而且也是给学校校长写信。

我们书上给的是关于宿舍条件不太好，我们如何提建议，我们出的题目比这个简单，我们给学校校长写信，如何提高我们身体状况physical conditions ，学校鼓励大家多参加运动会。

这次大小作文非常容易书写。

英语2
这次靠图表作文，大作文考柱状图，20年城镇人口的变化趋势。

这个文章其实非常好写，第一段描述变化过程，第二段描述为什么产生这样的现象的趋势，谈谈经济问题，个人的观念改变，政策鼓励等等，我们在课上都提到过。

小作文，一开始看着很慌，这次小作文很别扭，你打算出国留学[微博]，你需要和室友居住。

第一告诉他你的生活习惯，第二项他咨询关于在那生活建议是什么。

这封信是询问信。

你第一段说我是谁，我和你一起居住，我喜欢什么样的，你说一下自己的习惯，我写这个信向你询问在那居住的建议。

这次我们大小作文，大家按我们的要求，认真准备的话，大家在作文上不会有太多的问题。