乔治?戈登?拜伦(George Gordon Byron 1788—1824)英国诗人
“拜伦式的英雄”
这些作品的中心人物是“拜伦式的英雄”，他们蔑视“文明”社会，具有强烈的个人主义的、无政府主义的反叛热情。情节主要写个人的复仇和反抗，背景多为南欧的大海、原野或土耳其王宫等。主人公往往为个人自由、爱情幸福而奋斗，他们傲世独立，行踪诡秘，脱离社会，脱离群众，奋斗没有明确的前景，最后遭到失败或死亡。这种叛逆性格后来还有所继续和发展，成为他的许多作品的中心人物。
体现在诗剧《曼弗莱德》(1817)。这部作品和神秘剧《该隐》(1821)体现着和“东方故事诗”同样的情绪，进一步描写了叛逆性格。
The Byronic hero is an idealised but flawed character exemplified in the life and writings of Lord Byron, characterised by his ex-lover Lady Caroline Lamb as being "mad, bad and dangerous to know".
The Byronic hero first appears in Byron's semi-autobiographical epic narrative poem Childe Harold's Pilgrimage The Byronic hero typically exhibits the following characteristics:
high level of intelligence and perception
cunning and able to adapt
sophisticated and educated
self-critical and introspective
mysterious, magnetic and charismatic
struggling with integrity
power of seduction and sexual attraction
social and sexual dominance
emotional conflicts, bipolar tendencies, or moodiness
a distaste for social institutions and norms
being an exile, an outcast, or an outlaw
"dark" attributes not normally associated with a hero
disrespect of rank and privilege
a troubled past
The Byronic hero is also featured in many different contemporary novels, and it is clear that Lord Byron's work continues to influence modern literature as the precursor of a commonly encountered type of anti-hero.
She Walks in Beauty 《她在美中行》
这首名诗是一篇至美的颂词。“她”的外表、举止直到内心都达到了美的极致。其实,这首诗本身的节奏、韵式以及语言的运用也可以说达到了美的极致。
《她在美中行》这是拜伦的一首歌颂女性美的抒情诗拉，描写的是他在舞会上遇到这位身穿孝服的表妹威尔莫特夫人时为其美貌所倾倒，所以写了这首诗
写作背景:
In June, 1814, several months before he met and married his first wife, Anna Milbanke, Lord Byron attend ed a party at Lady Sitwell’s. While at the party, Lord Byron was inspired by the sight of his cousin, the beautiful Mrs. Wilmot, who was wearing a black spangled mourning dress. Lord Byron was struck by his cousin’s dark hair and fair face, the mingling of various lights and shades. This became the essence of his poem about her.
She Walks in Beauty
她在美中徜徉，
She walks in beauty, like the night
她在美中穿行；
象深邃的苍穹缀满繁星，
Of cloudless climes and starry skies；
And all that’s best of dark and bright
象皎洁的夜空万里无云。
Meet in her aspect and her eyes；
明和暗多么协调，
Thus mellowed to that tender light
深与浅恰如其分（柔和的夜色最为温馨。
Which heaven to gaudy day denies．
白昼的光线过于炫耀，
One shade more, one ray less,
Had half impaired the nameless grace
Which waves in every raven tress,
Or softly lightens o’er her face；
Where thoughts serenely sweet express
How pure, how dear their dwelling-place．
不多一丝辉光，
不少半点柔阴；
美在乌黑的发际游弋，
美在灿烂的脸上逡巡
美汇入她的举止，
美溶进她的眼神；
And on that cheek, and o’er that brow,
So soft, so calm, yet eloquent
The smiles that win, the tints that glow．
But tell of days in goodness spent,
A mind at peace with all below,
A heart whose love is innocent!
在面颊，在眉宇，
无言胜似有声；
那折服人心的微笑，
透露出沉积的善良品性。(诉说着度过的优雅时光，)
人间万事平心以待，(一颗心装着至爱)
恰似美的天神；(一颗心永远真纯。)
分析:
According to his friend, James W. Webster, “I did take him to Lady Sitwell’s party in Seymour Road. He there for the first time saw his cousin, the beautiful Mrs. Wilmot. When we returned to his rooms in Albany, he said little, but desired Fletcher to give him a tumbler of brandy, which he drank at once to Mrs. Wilmot’s health, then retired to rest, and was, I heard afterwards, in a sad state all night. The next day he wrote those charming lines upon her—She walks in Beauty like the Night…”
When a man hath no freedom to fight for at home,
Let him combat for that of his neighbours;
Let him think of the glories of Greece and of Rome,
And get knock'd on the head for his labours,
To do good to mankind is the chivalrous plan,
And is always as nobly requited;
Then battle for freedom wherever you can,
And, if not shot or hang'd, you'll get knighted.
When a Man Hath No Freedom to Fight for at Home /
《当男人在家没有战斗的自由时》
主题思想分析
男人当自强、好男儿志在四方的浩然之气，又有不成功、便成仁的坚定决心，读起来令人感到回肠荡气。拜伦不但这样写，而且身体力行，在支援希腊人民斗争时死于营地，被希腊人民奉为英雄，其英雄豪情不让其诗名。