英语单项知识的讲解与练习（46）
226、for的用法
（1）、for 表示“限用于”。如：a ticket for tonight今晚的票；
（2）、由for引导的时间短语，all加名词前的for必须省去。
（3）、句子的谓语动词是非延续性的，for不能省。如：I haven’t spoken to him for three months.
（4）、for years/ for ages中的for在句首不能省。
（5）、for短语修饰动词时，不用动名词作for的宾语。如：The children set off for（去going to）school. 当for短语修饰名词时，用动名词作for的宾语，表示某物的用途。如：I have sent my coat away for cleaning.
（6）、用for（因为）连接的并列句，前一分句表示结果，后一分句表示原因；用so（所以）连接的并列句与之相反，前一分句表示原因，后一分句表示结果。
练习：
①I wanted two seats ___ Madame Curie for Friday night, I rang the cinema to see if I could book two tickets.
A. of
B. about
C. to
D. for
②He sold his old car ___ ￥2000, and bought a new one ___ double price.
A. at; at
B. for; at
C. at; for
D. for; for
③He’s only a boy ___ 8 years old, but he’s been to the Gr eat Wall ___ 5 times.
A. for; for
B. of; for
C. of; /
D. at; to
④“Are you ___ my plan?”said the chairman angrily.
A. go against
B. for
C. going on
D. in
227、be free to do sth
（1）、free the bird from/ of the cage 把鸟从笼中放出；free somebody from/ of debts 使某人免除债务(from 注重免除之意，of注重救济之意)；be free to enter the room = be free of the room 随便进入房间；
（2）、位子是空的要用be free；free 可指时间上的“空闲的（not busy）”，也可指某一场所“空闲着（not being used）”；free 自由的、随意的、随心所欲的，等于：be able to do what one wants to （3）、free解放、使自由，作动词意为“放松、放走”。如：You must free the butter fly.
（4）、free 放在动词后，表示不需要付钱或免费的。如：You can eat free in my restaurant.
练习：
①How we wished to be ___ from noises.
A. keep
B. stop
C. free
D. fit
②I have two ___ evenings this week. I can help you to do it.
A. free
B. good
C. well
D. useful
③Few areas in the world nowadays are completely free ___ air pollution.
A. against
B. with
C. to
D. of
④You are ___ to go or stay. It is none of my business.
A. ready
B. willing
C. easy
D. free
⑤Sometimes, supermarkets offer customers some goods ___.
A. for freedom
B. for freely
C. free of charge
D. free from charge
⑥After Lincoln was made ___ president of the US, he insisted on the slaves ___.
A./; be set free
B. /; being set free
C. the; setting free
D. the; being set free
228、guarantee to do sth
（1）、guarantee作名词后接on或with，表示某种产品的保单；如：A six-month guarantee on the TV set for all repairs might be necessary.
（2）、guarantee后接to，表示“对……的保证”。如：A money-back guarantee to those unsatisfied with the products;
（3）、guarantee作动词宾语后接against，表示“保证不受”；如：This contract guarantees you against damage by fire or flood.
（4）、guarantee后接to，表示“为某人提供……的保证”。如：
Perfect satisfaction is guaranteed to our customers.
（5）、guarantee有时后接双宾语，表示保证某人享有某种权利等。如：This guarantees you the right to use the typewriter.
（6）、guarantee后接that从句，从句中不含情态动词时，表示“确信”，反之，表示“担保”。如：I can guarantee that you will enjoy yourself./ I guarantee that he shall pay on August 20.
练习：
①The watch is still ___ guarantee.
A. at
B. under
C. on
D. at
②This kind of behaviour is guaranteed ___ him angry.
A. to make
B. making
C. made
D. have made
③This iron is guaranteed for a year ___ faulty workmanship.
A. under
B. against
C. over
D. on
④I ___ that you’ll enjoy yourself.
A. sure
B. guarantee
C. sured
D. guaranteed
⑤In the storm, we must ___ every family ___ loss.
A. promise; by
B. promise; against
C. keep; for
D. guarantee; from
⑥Working hard is not only a _______ of great success, but is among the essential requirements.
A. sign
B. signal
C. guarantee
D. Supposition
229、happen to do something
（1）、1）、happen to do something 碰巧做某事；2）、something happen to somebody/ something 某人(物)偶然发生了某事；3）、I happened to have no money with me = It (so) happened that I had no money with me/ I happened not/ didn’t happen to have any money with me我碰巧身上没带钱；
（2）、happen作“发生、碰巧”讲时，后跟不定式，也可用其进行式或完成式。作“碰巧、偶然”讲时，若用it作形式主语，其真正主语一般用that主语从句，而不用不定式。“碰巧”的否定式是：don’t happen to do something/ happen not to do something；
（3）、take place 发生，通常指事先有安排或正常发生的事。如：In 1919, the May 4th Movement took place in China.
（4）、happen 发生，通常指意料之外的事。如：When did the accident happen?
（5）、break out 发生，通常指突然爆发的事情，如战争、火灾等突发事件。如：A fire broke out during the night.
练习：
①The manager happened to ___ breakfast when I called at his home yesterday morning, and so he asked me to wait for a minute.
A. have had
B. be having
C. have
D. having
②A terrible accident ___ on the highway to one of my close friends yesterday, leaving his left leg cut off.
A. happened
B. took place
C. came about
D. came into being
③What ___ to him? He had his leg broken while playing football.
A. took place
B. happened
C. broke out
D. was happening
④I don't know what i'd do if anything ___ him.
A. happened
B. was happened
C. happened to
D. was taken place to
230、height的用法
（1）、表示“高处”时，height单复数形式同义。表示在某高度时,用at a height of。问一样东西的高度,用what。表示高度的形式: The tower is 67 feet high. / A sixty-seven-foot-high tower was built near the river. / The tower is 67 feet in height.
（2）、形容词修饰带数词的名词时,放后面。如：11 feet high/ 5 meters long.名词作定语,用单数形式(man/ woman表示性别除外)。
（3）、对名词height/ width/ length/ depth/ speed/ distance/ angle/ color/ population的提问,都有基本相同的用法，问度量时用what。表示某一单位时用at a… of；
（4）、height, length, size, shape, age, color, volume, area等词的词组,作后置定语时,其前要有介词,作表语时,其前不用介词。如: He is a rather fat man of medium height. / What shoe size are you?
练习：
①Tom and Jim are the same ___ weight, but Tom is 1.82 metres ___while Jim is 1.65 metres __.
A. at; tall; tall
B. in; in height; in height
C. by; tall; in height
D. at; in height; tall
②The tower is 100 meters ___.
A. high
B. in height
C. tall
D. A and B
③The desk is two meters ___.
A. tall
B. long
C. in length
D. B and C
④___ is the height of the building? It is 100 meters ___.
A. How high; high
B. What; high
C. What; height
D. How tall; high
Keys:
226、DDCB
227、CADDC B
228、BABBD C
229、BABC
230、BDCB
英语语法大全 初中英语语法 学习提纲 一、词类、句子成分和构词法： 1、词类：英语词类分十种： 名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.)：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. ：who, she, you, it . 主要用来代替名词。如)： 2、代词(pron.3、形容词(adj..)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。如：good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。如：am, is,are,have,see . 6、副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。如：now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7、冠词(art..)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如：a, an, the. 8、介词(prep.)：表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in, on, from, above, behind. 9、连词(conj.)：用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before . 10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如：oh, well, hi, hello. 2、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。如：I'm Miss Green.(我是格林小姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。如：Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、 代词或形容词担任。如：My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。如：He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词) 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。间接 宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如：He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了 一封信) 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。如：He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信)
一 . 用 be 的适当形式填空 1.–What’ s five and six? -- It __eleven 。 2. My clothes ____ on the bed. 2. I ___ten years old. 4.Ann’ s Chinese name ___Lili. 5 I ___American. And she ___Chinese. 6 I ____ in Class 1and my sister ___in Class Two. 7 The boy ___(be) from France. 8 -- Who ___that man? -- He ____ Tom ’ s father. 9 What color ___ her pens? -- They __yellow. 10 ____(be) you Mr. Black? Who ____ (be) these girls? 11-- How old ____ (be) your cousin? -- 11 years old. 12How much ____ (be) the broccoli? 13How much ____ (be) these white pants? 14Ken wants ____(be) a musician. 15. I want to ____(be) a great swimmer.16 Here ____(be) his family photo. 17Here ____(be) your books. 18There ____ (be) lots of carrots in the kitchen 19There ____(be) two pictures on the wall. 20There ____ (be) some water in the bottle ( 瓶子 ). 21There ____ (be) an apple in the basket. 二 . 否定句 1.Their parents ___ (not like) ice cream for breakfast. 2.Bill likes strawberries, but Bob ____ (not). 3.She _____ (not have) a computer. 4.Lucy and Lily _____ (not like) oranges. 5.Lucy ____(not like) hamburgers. But she ___ (like) French Fries. 6.Jim and John ____ (not do) have a basketball. 7.His friends _____ (not like) broccoli. 8.He doesn ’ t _____(like) apples very much. 9.She _____ ( not do) her homework in the morning. 10.I _____ (not can) play the guitar at all.
小学英语语法汇总（蓝本） 可数名词与不可数名词“分家” 一、可数名词与不可数名词的区别 可数名词是可以按个数来计算的普通名词，分为个体名词(表示某类人或事物中的个体，如worker, farmer, desk, factory等)和集体名词(表示作为一个整体来看的一群人或一些事物，如people, family 等)。不可数名词是不能按个数来计算的普通名词，分为物质名词(表示无法分为个体的物质，如meat, rice, water, milk, orange 等)和抽象名词(表示动作、状态、情况、品质等抽象概念，如work, homework, time, health, friendship等)。 强调：不可数名词默认为单数，用is或者was；不要根据some、any、a lot of等词去作判断。 二、可数名词的家务事 可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。指一个人或一件事物时，用单数形式；指两个或多个人或事物时用复数形式。名词由单数形式变成复数形式的规则如下： 1. 一般的名词词尾直接加-s 。如：book → books house → houses day → days 读音：清辅音后读[s]，浊辅音和元音后读[z]。 2. 以s,ss,ch,sh, x 结尾的在词尾加-es 。如：bus → buses glass → glasses watch → watches dish → dishes box → boxe s 读音：[iz] 3. 以"辅音字母+y"结尾的，将y改为i再加-es。如city → cities factory → factories 读音：[z] 4. 以f 或fe 结尾的，将f或fe改为v再加-es。如：half → halves leaf → leaves knife → knives wife → wives thief-thieves 读音：[z] 5. 特例（常考） ①child →children mouse→mice ②man →men woman→women policeman →policemen (规律：man →men) ③tomato →tomatoes potato → potatoes [注：黑人英雄土豆西红柿加es其余加-s,,如：photo → photos ] h ero →h eroes negro→negroes 读音：[z] ④foot → feet tooth → teeth [ oo变ee] ⑤sheep, Chinese, Japanese, fish单、复数同形 ⑥people单数形式表示复数意义，要求谓语动词用复数；people的复数形式peoples通常指"多个民族"。 三、不可数名词的家务事 1. 不可数名词没有复数，作句子主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：The food is very fresh. 2. 有的不可数名词也可以作可数名词，有复数形式，但意义发生变化。如：water (水) → waters (水域) orange (橘汁) → oranges (橘子) 3. 很多的不可数名词表示泛指时为不可数，表种类时就可数，意义不发生变化。如：fruit → fruits food → foods fish → fishes hair → hairs 4. 计算不可数名词的数量，要在数词和不可数名词之间加上“量词+of”如：a glass of water a piece of paper a bottle of juice 5.判断步骤： ↗如是am、is或was→原形 读句子→读该单词→认识该单词→理解意思→看be动词 ↘如是are或were→加s或es
中考英语语法填空知识点梳理及经典练习(超详细) 一、初三中考语法填空（含答案详细解析） 1．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。Today almost everyone knows computers and the Internet. If I ask you" What is the most important in your life? ", maybe you will say" Computers and the Internet". The________（one）computer was made in 1946. It was very big but it worked________（slow）. Today computers are getting smaller and smaller. But________work faster and faster. What can computers do? A writer has said, "People can't live________computers today." The Internet came a little later than computers. It is about twenty-three years later than computers. But now it can________（find） almost everywhere. We can use it to read books, write letters, do________（shop）, play games or make friends. Many students like the Internet very much. They often surf the Internet as soon as they are free. They make friends on the Internet and maybe they have never seen these friends. They don't know their real________（name）, ages, and even sex（性别）. They are so________（interest） in making the "unreal friends" that they can't put their hearts into study. Many of them can't catch up with others on many subjects________of that. We can use computers and the Internet to learn more about the world. But at________same time, we should remember that not all the things can be done by computers and the Internet.【答案】first；slowly；they；without；be found；shopping；names；interested；because；the 【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章介绍了电脑的发明时间，以及电脑的用途。还有电脑对我们生活的影响。 （1）句意：第一台电脑是在1946年制造的。根据定冠词the，可知应使用序数词first，故答案是first。 （2）句意：它很大，但是工作得很慢。slow修饰动词worked，应使用副词slowly，故答案是slowly。 （3）句意：但是他们工作的越来越快了。空缺处指代前文的computers，因此使用they，故答案是they。 （4）句意：现在没有了电脑人们不能生活。因为电脑在我们日常生活中越来越重要。所以没有电脑就不能生活，没有without，故答案是without。 （5）句意：但是现在到处都可以发它。主语it 和find是被动关系，应使用被动语态，含有情态动词的被动语态是：情态动词+be+过去分词，故答案是be found。 （6）句意：我们可以用电脑读书、写信和购物，购物do shopping，固定搭配，故答案是shopping。 （7）句意：他们不知道他们真正的名字。name名字，可数名词，根据their可知应使用复数形式，故答案是names。 （8）句意：他们对于结交不真实的朋友那么感兴趣，以致于不能把心思用在学习上。be interested in，对……感兴趣，故答案是interested。 （9）句意：因为这个原因，他们中的许多人在许多课程山上跟不上其他学生。because of
2017新目标英语八年级（上）第一单元基础知识练习题 第1课时当堂达标题 Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation? Section A 1a—2d Ⅰ. 单项填空。 ( )1. Robert didn’t play _________ violin last Saturday, but he played ________ badminton with his father. A. the; / B. /; the C. the; the D. /; / ( )2. Lucy bought a nice hat __________ Tom __________ his birthday. A. for; in B. to; on C. for; on D. to; in ( )3. The Sichuan food was really ________________. I liked it a lot. A. friendly B. delicious C. terrible D. relaxing ( )4. Last weekend Ann just stayed at home and ____________________. A. to relax B. relaxing C. relax D. relaxed ( )5. Chinese people were really _______________ when I was on vacation in China. I made quite a few ________________ there. A. friends; friends B. friendly; friendly C. friendly; friends D. friends; friendly ( )6. —Where did you go on your vacation? —Oh, I didn’t go _____________ with ______________. It was terrible. A. somewhere; someone B. anywhere; anyone C. somewhere; anyone D. anywhere; someone ( )7. Last weekend Ann just stayed at home and ____________________. A. to relax B. relaxing C. relax D. relaxed ( )8. Grace didn’t go to the shopping ______ but she went to ________ Park. A. center; Central B. Central; center C. center Center D. central; Central ( )9. He didn’t buy __________ in the stores because the things are expensive A. something special B. special something C. anything special D. special anything ( )10.—What did Jim lose yesterday? —He __________ his keys. He often __________ things. A. loses; loses B. lost; lost C. loses; lost D. lost; loses Ⅱ.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. The water in the sea was __________________ (real) warm and clean. 2. Mary took quite a few __________________ (photo) of animals in the zoo. 3. The Great Wall is so _________________ (wonder) that there are a lot of visitors go to visit it every year. 4. Central Park is an ____________________ (interest) place to exercise. 5. My parents are very _____________________ (interest) in playing badminton.
2019-2020 年中考英语语法基础知识练习仁爱版 名词复习练习题 : ( 罗阳中学提供 ) 选择题 (30) ( ) 1. Billy has saved ______ money for his college expenses. A. a huge amount of B. a large number of C. the huge amount of D. the large number of ( ) 2. Would you please give us ______? A. some advice B. piece of advice C. some advices D. an advice ( ) 3. Please pass me ______. A. two paper B. two piece of paper C. two pieces of paper D. two pieces paper ( ) 4. There are many ______ in the fridge. A. food B. fruit C. eggs D. bread ( ) 5. How many ______ can you carry, Billy? A. bag of rice B. bag of rices C. bags of rice D. bags of rices ( ) 6. This pair of shoes is for you, and that ______ is for Mary. A. one B. shoes C. pair D. shoe ( ) 7. I like to wear this kind of ______. A. shirt B. a shirt C. the shirt D. shirts ( ) 8. He can do all kinds of ______. A. a thing B. things C. thing D. something ( ) 9. There is ______ under the bed. A. a pair of shoe B. a pair of shoes C. the pair of shoes D. a pair shoes ( ) 10. Every ______ is important to the lady. A. news B. advice C. story D. information ( ) 11. Is there ______ in your house to put in this large bed? A. enough room B. enough rooms C. a lot rooms D. a room enough ( ) 12. Is there any more ______? A. egg B. bread C. banana D. vegetable ( ) 13. We will stay in China for ______. A. one and a half years B. one and a half year C. one and half years D. half and one year ( ) 14. That man doesn ’t look his age, I think he ’s somewhere______. A. in his thirties B. in his thirtieth C. in thieties D. in his thirty ( ) 15. She was very happy. She______ in the maths test. A. makes a few mistakes B. made a few mistakes C. made few mistakes D. makes few mistake ( ) 16. We need some ______. Can you go and get some, please? A. many potato B. many potatoes C. more potatoes D. much potatoes ( ) 17. ______ are ______ for cutting things. A. Knife/used B. Knives/used C. Knife/using D. Knives/using ( ) 18. What big ______ the tiger has! A. tooth B. teeth C. tooths D. toothes
用be 的适当形式填空 –What’s five and six?-- It __eleven。2. My clothes ____ on the bed. I ___ten years old. 4.Ann’s Chinese name ___ Lili. 5 I ___American. And she ___Chinese. 6 I ____ in Class 1and my sister ___in Class Two. 7 The boy ___(be) from . 8 -- Who ___that man? -- He ____ Tom’s father. 9 What color ___ her pens? -- They __yellow. 10 ____(be) you Mr. Black? Who ____ (be) these girls? 11 -- How old ____ (be) your cousin? -- 11 years old. 12 How much ____ (be) the broccoli? 13 How much ____ (be) these white pants? 14Ken wants ____(be) a musician. I want to ____(be) a great swimmer. 16 Here ____(be) his family photo. 17Here ____(be) your books. 18There ____ (be) lots of carrots in the kitchen 19There ____(be) two pictures on the wall. 20There ____ (be) some water in the bottle (瓶子). 21There ____ (be) an apple in the basket. 否定句 Their parents ___ (not like) ice cream for breakfast. Bill likes strawberries, but Bob ____ (not). 1 / 7
英语的时态问题 英语的时态可以分为：“时”(time) 和“体”(aspect)（又称为态）。时是指动作发生的时间，体是指动作发生时的状态。时间与体就象是坐标里的横轴和纵轴，它们的结合交织出了瞬息万变的时空，也构成了英语动词的时态问题。 时间分为：过去，现在，将来，过去将来 体分为：一般（在某个时间点）， 进行（延续某个时间段）， 完成（完成某个时间段） 完成进行（延续某个完成的时间段） 如此以来，英语中就有16种时态变化，现在就用动词为write例，看看它们的形式。 注意：里面的斜体字部分，由于时态过于复杂，几乎没有人真正去应用它们，可以忽略不记。 下面就常用的12种时态，（其中还有三种相对用的较少的，请注意）。具体分析一下。 一．一般现在时 表示现在的时间“点”上发生的动作或者状态，常用于以下的情况 1、经常重复发生的动作或存在的状态，多与often, always, usually, sometimes, everyday, 等时 间状语连用。 He takes a walk after supper everyday My mother and father work at the same company. 2、表示性格，特征，能力。 Mr. Smith hates fish and never eats any. 3、表示客观真理或者普遍事实。
The sun rises in the east. 二．一般过去时 表示过去某时发生的动作或者状态，常和表示过去某个时间“点”的时间状语(yesterday, last week, 3 years ago, in 1987)连用 She bought a car last week. He came to help me at that time. 三．一般将来时 表示将来的时间“点”上发生的动作或者状态。 The train will arrive soon. We shall know the news tomorrow. 四．过去将来时 过去某个时间“点”上将要发生的动作或状态。 I asked her where she would spend her holiday. I told my father that I should go home next Monday. 五．现在进行时 表示现在的时间“段”上正在延续进行的动作或者状态。 I’m doing some washing. What are you doing? 六．过去进行时 在过去某一个时间“段”正在延续进行的动作。 I was working in my office at eight o’clock yesterday evening. He was making a phone call when I saw him. 七．将来进行时 在将来某个时间“段”正在发生的动作，一般表示一种猜测和未来的计划，一般不太常用。What will you be doing at 3 o’clock tomorrow afternoon? （明天下午三点你将在做什么哪） 八．现在完成时 表示动作在一个时间“段”的完成，而且这个时间段是从过去某一点延续到现在的。经常跟时间状语since 1987，for 10 hours , by the last year相连。 My brother has been ill for 3 days. I have not seen her since 1991. 九．过去完成时 在过去的某个时间“段”里动作的完成，从过去的一点再到过去的另一点。或者称为过去的过去。 He said that he had written her a letter. Helen rang me up after I had gone to sleep.
语法基础知识 目录 一、字母与语音 (1) 二、词法 (3) 三、句法 (12) 四、时态 (16)
语法基础知识 一、字母与语音 主要字母组合的发音 字母组合发音例词ar[a:]car,bar,far,star al[?:]small ay[ei]play ea[i：]tea,beat,read,eat [ei]break,great [e]bread ee[i：]bee,see,Lee,jeep ei[ei]eight oo[u]cook,foot,look,classroom [u：]boot,food,gooes,room oa[?u]coat,boat,goat oi[?i]oil ir[?:]bird oor[?:]door oy[?i]boy ow[au]how [ ?u]Know ou[au]house or[?:]work,world,worse [?]doctor,visitor,tractor
[?:]morning er[?]sister,brother,mother,father [?:]her,term ir[?:]bird,shirt,third,girl eer[i?]beer,deer,cheer ur[?:]turn eir[e?]their ere[ε?]there,where ear[i?]hear,fear [ε?]pear,bear,wear air[ε?]chair,hair th[θ] three,thirty,thin,thousand [e]this,those,these,they ck[k]chick,click,cock,clock sh[?]Shoe,shame,she,shake ch[t?]teach,chick,China,choose [k]Chemistry,Christmas,school ng[?]sing ph[f]elephant 几个发音特殊的辅音字母 A.字母c在a,l,o,r,u等前读[k],如come[k ?m],coat[k ?ut] 等. 字母c在e,I,y前读[s],如pencil[pensl]等 B.字母g一般读[g],如go[g?u],leg[leg]等， 字母g和e(即ge)在词尾读[d?],如orange[?rind?]等 C.双写辅音字母虽然是两个相同的辅音字母写在一起，但只读一个音,如
v1.0可编辑可修改 英语语法基础知识大全 第一节词类和句子成分 一、词类 能够自由运用的最小语言单位叫词。根据词的形式、意义及其在句中的作用所作的分类叫词 类（ parts of speech）。 英语的词通常分为十大类，即名词、冠词、代词、数词、形容词、副词、动词、介词、连词 和感叹词。现分别叙述如下： （一）名词 名词 (noun) 是表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。例如： foreigner 外国人 soap肥皂Newton 牛顿 law法律freedom 自由peace 和平 英语名词可分为两大类： 1。普通名词 (common noun) 是某一类人、事物、某种物质或抽象概念的名称。例如： teacher 教师market 市场 rice大米 magazine 杂志sound 声音 production生产 2。专有名词 (proper noun) 是特定的某人、地方或机构的名称。专有名词的第一个字母必须 大写。例如： Hemingway 海明威Russia俄罗斯 New York 纽约United Nations联合国 名词又可分为可数名词(countable noun) 与不可数名词 (uncountable noun) 两种。可数名词有单、复数之分。绝大多数名词的复数形式的构成是在单数名词的后面加-s 或 -es 。例如：shop→shops 商店bus→buses 公共汽车library→libraries图书馆 toy →toys玩具leaf →leaves树叶 英语中有一些名词的复数形式是不规则的。例如： man→men 男人 tooth →teeth牙齿datum→data数据 有关名词复数形式构成的具体规则，请参阅有关的英语语法书。 （二）冠词
Contents 第一章名词 1.名词的数 2.名词的格 第二章代词 1.人称代词 2.物主代词 第三章冠词与数词 1.冠词 2.数词 第四章一般现在时态第五章现在进行时态第六章句型 1．陈述句 2．疑问句
3．祈使句 4．There be 句型与have\ has 第七章总结考试 第一章名词（Noun） 名词的概念 在生活中，我们会接触到各种各样的人和事物，用来表示这些人或事物名称的词就是名词。 一、名词的数 名词的数指名词的单数和复数形式。可数名词表示“一个”时用单数，“两个以上”时用复数；不可数名词表示量时，通常用“数词+单位+of+物质名词”的形式，如a piece of bread (一片面包)，变为复数时，只须将单位名词变为复数，如：two pieces of bread(两片面包)。 *名词复数的构成法则 1. 一般情况下在词尾加 s. 词尾读音 shop --- shops (商店) 在清辅音后读[ s ] bag --- bags (书包) 在浊辅音后读[ z ] window --- windows (窗户) 在元音后读[ z ] 2. 以s, x, sh, ch 结尾的单词在词尾加es。 class --- classes (班级) 词尾读音[ iz ]
box --- boxes (盒子) match --- matches (比赛) brush --- brushes (刷子) 3. 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，变y为i 加es. story --- stories (故事) 词尾读音[ iz ] 4. 以“元音字母+y”结尾的词，在词尾直接加s key --- keys 词尾读音[ z ] monkey --- monkeys 5.以“o”结尾的名词，复数一般在词尾加“s”, 但个别加“es” tomato --- tomatoes (西红柿) 词尾读音[ z ] potato --- potatoes (土豆) zoo --- zoos (动物园) photo --- photos (照片) *（以“o”结尾，复数加“es”）口诀： 黑人(Negro)英雄(hero)，左手拿着西红柿(tomato)，右手拿着破土豆(potato)， 头顶一个大芒果（mango）。 6. 以f或fe 结尾的词，多数变f或fe 为ves. leaf --- leaves (树叶) 词尾读音[ vz ] knife --- knives ( 小刀)
七年级英语基础知识 一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. Ms. Brown ________(teach) well. We all like her. 2. Who are these ________(people) under the tree? 3. Paul ________(swim) for an hour every day. 4. What’s the price of the two ________(piano)? 5. Sally can ________(write) her name. 6. Half an hour is thirty ________(minute). 7. Do the ________(bus) stop here? 8. There are three ________(river) in this city. 9. The boy has two ________(hundred) books about history. 10. Sally usually ________(drive) to work. 11. Alice usually ________ (wear) a red hat. 12. I must do the ________ (dish) after dinner. 13. We don’t like these ________ (rule). They are too strict. 14. Jane never ________ (arrive) late for school. 15. ________ (listen) to your teacher carefully in class. 16. I have a brother and a sister. So my p arents have three ________ (kid). 17. Can you help me with _________ (swim)? 18. I can speak a little _________ (China). 19. Jack’s father and mother are _______ (music). 20.Let’s ______ (clean) the classroom. 21.He ______ (not go) to bed at 8:30. 22. Thinks for ( write) to me 23.She ______ (do) her homework at 7:00 in the evening. 24.Scott ________ (work) very long hours. 25.What time _______ you usually _____ (get) up? 26.His sister loves ________(play) the piano very much. 27.My father ________ (watch) TV in the evening. 28. Can Gina __________(swim), do you know? 29. Do you want ______________(know) about my school? 30. We have four __________(class) in the morning. 31. Yao Ming practices ______(play) basketball every day. 32. ______(not) talk.. It’ s time for class. 33. My sister ____(have) to look after my mother at home today. 34. I have to go to the supermarket ______(late). 35.We often go to the ______(child) palace after school. 二、根据汉语意思完成英语句子，每空一词。 1. 我很高兴和你们交朋友。I’m very happy to ____ _______ with you. 2. 戴尔擅长打排球。Dale is ____ ____ playing volleyball. 3. 戴夫每天晚上给他妹妹讲故事。Dave ____ ____to his sister every evening. 4. 我现在很忙。课后我会跟你说的。 I’m very busy now. I’ll ________ ________ you after class. 5.弗兰克会做什么运动？_____ _____can Frank play?
高中英语语法基础——强调句型知识点归纳讲解（附同步练习） 在高中英语中，强调句是重点句型，也是难点句型，更是考试中的高频句型。作为英语语言表达中一种句型，强调句的使用，目的在于通过强调主语、宾语或者是状语某个部分，来强化表述自己对一句话中某一个点（时间、地点、人物、事件等方面）的情感，态度和意愿。强调句属于主从复合句，但强调部分只强调句子的某一个成分。英语中常用的强调结构有：It is (was)+被强调部分(主语、宾语或状语)+that/who...（陈述句）；疑问词what/how/why…+be it that…句型（疑问句）；It was not until… + that…句型。 一）、陈述句强调句型 （1）It is/was+被强调部分（通常是主语、宾语或状语）+that/who（当强调主语且主语指人）+从句。如：原句：Mary did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening. 强调主语：It was Mary who did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening. 强调宾语：It was the experiment that Mary did in the lab yesterday evening. 强调时间：It was yesterday evening that Mary did the experiment in the lab. (注意不用when) 强调地点：It was in the lab that Mary did the experiment yesterday evening. (注意不用where) （2）强调谓语动词时，用助动词do/does或did。 如：Do remember to get up early tomorrow, or we will miss the train. Do be careful when you cross the street. He did write to you last week. Mr.White, I did hand in my homework to you this morning. 二）、疑问句强调句型 1、一般疑问句的强调句型：形式上只需将is / was提前，即：Is / Was+ it+被强调部分+that / who+从句? 如：Was it your brother that made you get hurt? Was it in Beihai Park that they made a date for the first time? 2、特殊疑问句的强调句型：被强调部分（通常是疑问词Who / When / What / How / Where / Why...） +is / was+it+that+从句？ 如： 原句：How did he come here ? 强调句：How was it that he came here ? 原句：Why did he came late ? 强调句：Why was it that he came late ? 原句：When / Where did you met your girlfriend for the first time ? 强调句：When and where was it that you met your girlfriend for the first time ?