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深圳英语八年级下unit-1知识点及练习说课讲解

深圳英语八年级下unit-1知识点及练习说课讲解
深圳英语八年级下unit-1知识点及练习说课讲解

Unit 1 Helping those in need 知识点和语法

1.必记单词

(1)raise V.

rise

(2)permission n.

(3)disabled adj.

在英语中,形容词的否定前缀有:“un-, in-, im-, ir-, dis-”等大多数形容词加un- 构成反义词

able----unable friendly----unfriendly

以c或e开头的形容词通常加前缀in-构成反义词

correct----incorrect expensive----inexpensive

以p开头的形容词通常加前缀im-构成反义词

possible----impossible polite----impolite

以r开头的形容词通常加前缀ir-构成反义词

regular----irregular

有些形容词加前缀dis-构成反义词

like----dislike honest----dishonest

(4)offer v.

(5)serious adj. 严重的

(6)organize v. ____________________ n.

(7)lonely adj. 孤独的,寂寞党

alone adj. / adv. 单独的,独自

(8)difficulty n. 困难,费劲_____________adj. (9)hurt v.使受伤,疼痛adj. 受伤的

(10)pay v. 付费

2.常考短语

in need 需要帮助的voluntary work 义务性工作

ask permission 报请批准without permission 没有允许

offer to do sth 主动提出做某事

offer sb. sth=offer sth to sb 给某人提供某物

raise one’s spirits 使振奋,使鼓起勇气in order to 目的在于,为了

so that 为的是,以便make friends with 与······交朋友look after 照顾because of 因为

3.经典句型

Could you give me a hand, Lo?

They have difficulty walking or moving.

Would you like to take part in the competition?

语法:动词不定式:to + 动词原形

动词不定式的基本形式是"to + 动词原形"。动词不定式(或不定式短语)没有人称和数的变化,在句子中不能作谓语。动词不定式仍可保留动词的特点,即可以有自己的宾语和状语。动词不定式同它的宾语或状语构成不定式短语。如:to read the newspaper, to speak at the meeting 等

动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征,因此在句子中可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语:

例句:

作主语: To learn a foreign language is not easy.

作表语:My work is to clean the room every day.

作宾语: She wanted to borrowed my radio. They began to read and write.

作状语: She went to see her grandma last Sunday.

He came to give us a talk yesterday.

作宾语补足语:

Lucy asked him to turn off the radio.

She asked me to speak more loudly Jim told Ling Feng to go home at once .

The father made his son study hard.

作定语: Have you got anything to say? I had something to eat this morning .

注:作主语用的动词不定式常常为it替代,动词不定式(或短语)放在后面。例如: It is not easy to learn a foreign language.

It took us three days to do the work.

动词不定式的否定形式由"not+动词不定式"构成.

如: Tell him not to be late.

The policeman told the boys not to play in the street.

不定式省去to的情况:

在感官动词see,watch,look at,hear, listen to,feel和使役动词make,have,let等所接的宾语中(不定式做宾语补足语),不定式应省去to。但是在被动语态中不能省。

如: Let me listen to you sing the song. He watched his son play computer games.

I saw him run away.------He was seen to run away.

The boss make the workers work the whole night.----The workers were made to wor k the whole night.

动词不定式和疑问词连用

动词不定式可以和疑问词what ,which, how, where, when 等连用,构成不定式短语。

如: The question is when to start.

I don't know where to go .

He showed me how to use a computer.

What to do is a big problem.

翻译下列句子,说出句中不定式的作用:

1. To grow plants is very important.

2. It is so nice to hear your voice.

3. My dream is to be a pilot.

4. He began to read and write at the age of five.

5. The teacher asked me to speak more loudly.

6. Tom came to see me last night.

7. I am glad to see you.

8. Have you got anything to say?

9. There are many places to see in China.

10.I asked him not to open the window.

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