Unit 1
Women of achievement
一、单词——在语境中默写，在联想中积累
?积得多(平时多积累，考场出华章) 1.“鼓舞；激励”动词家族
①inspire鼓舞；激发
②encourage 鼓励；激励
③motivate 激发；激励
2.以-hood为后缀的名词面面观
①childhood童年
②adulthood成年
③boyhood少年时代
④brotherhood手足之情
⑤neighborhood邻里；社区；街坊3.以-ency结尾的高频名词小结
①emergency紧急情况
②efficiency效率；功率
③tendency趋向；趋势
④fluency流利；流畅
4.以-ist为后缀的高频名词全接
触
①specialist 专家
②journalist 记者
③psychologist 心理学家
④economist 经济学家
5.后缀-ation高频名词集锦
①inspiration 灵感；鼓
舞
②consideration 考虑
③celebration 庆祝；庆典
④congratulation 祝贺
⑤appreciation 欣赏；感激
⑥civilization 文明
⑦expectation 期望
⑧adaptation 适应；改编本
二、短语——在应用中记牢，在归纳中记多
?积 得 多(平时多积累，考场出华章)
1.“v.＋off ”短语速记 ①move off 离开；出发 ②pay off 还清；取得好结果
⑤take off 起飞；脱掉 ⑦set off 出发；爆炸
③put off 推迟
④show off 炫耀；卖弄 ⑥give off 发出(光、热、气味等)
2.“查字典”的多种表达 ①look up a word in a dictionary
②refer to a dictionary ③
consult a dictionary
三、句式——在解读中学懂，在仿写中学通
Hans is a man of great achievements，who argues that every one of us should try our best to help those in need. Once Hans was
asked to deliver a speech at the graduation in Harvard University. He
said，“Caring for children is an ordinary job，but don't look down
upon ordinary jobs. Once you begin to do something，you must carry
on with it，otherwise you will never achieve anything. Only when you
are old looking back and saying that you have tried your best will you
be content with your life.”
1．argue vi.& vt.讨论；辩论；争辩；说服
①It's no use arguing_with_him about the question for he won't change his opinion.
关于这个问题和他争论是没有用的，他不会改变自己的观点的。
②We tried many ways to_argue_him_into following our advice, but in vain.
我们想尽各种办法说服他接受我们的建议，但都是徒劳。
③Some argued that attention (should)_be_paid (pay) to our heavy road traffic. (2015·江苏高考书面表达)
一些人主张应该多注意我们拥堵的道路交通。
[名师指津]argue that ... 意为“主张……”时，that从句的谓语动词常使用虚拟语气“(should) do”形式。
[联想发散]表示“说服……做……”的其他表达：
①persuade sb. to do sth.②persuade sb. into doing sth.
③convince sb. to do sth.④talk sb. into doing sth.
2．deliver vt.递送；生(小孩儿)；接生；发表(演说等)
Each time he delivered_a_letter_to Mrs. Brown, he had to finish his work quite late, because she lived far away.
每次他给布朗太太送信，他都不得不工作到很晚，因为她住得太远了。
②The headmaster delivered_an_important_speech at the meeting yesterday，which left a deep impression on his students.
在昨天的会议上校长发表了重要演说，这给他的学生们留下了深刻印象。
[名师指津]deliver后不接双宾语，即不能说deliver sb.sth.，只能说deliver sth.to sb.。
3. carry on继续；坚持；经营；进行(生意、谈话等)
m always too busy to carry_on a conversation
with her.(2016·天津高考单选)
我讨厌工作时她给我打电话——我一直很忙，没时间与她进行谈话。
②At last week's Oscars, a small number of films carried_off nearly all the prizes.
在上周的奥斯卡金像奖上，一小批电影几乎赢得了所有奖项。
③The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if carried out regularly, can improve our health.
实验表明，如果经常性地进行适当的锻炼，能够改善我们的健康。
[名师指津]carry on既可用作及物动词短语，也可用作不及物动词短语。
4．once引导条件状语从句，意为“一旦……就……”
Once_I_stop,_it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories.
我一旦停下来，所有的一切都会涌上心头，我就会想起实验室里的黑猩猩。
①We must understand that a habit is difficult and sometimes almost impossible to get rid of once_it_is_formed.(2014·江西高考书面表达)
我们必须明白：习惯一旦形成，就很难，甚至有时几乎不可能改掉。
②You will be successful in the interview once_you_have_confidence.
在面试时你一旦有了自信心，就一定会成功。
③Once broadcast (broadcast), the TV play will be very popular with young people.
一旦开播，这部电视剧就会很受年轻人的欢迎。
[名师指津]如果once引导的从句的主语与主句的主语一致，且从句中的谓语动词含有be动词的某种形式时，或从句为“it be ...”形式时，从句中的“主语＋be”或“it be”可以省略。
5．intend vt.计划；打算
to_join/joining (join) a Dragon Boat Training Camp.(2015·北京高考书面表达) 我写信告诉你我暑假令人兴奋的计划，我打算参加龙舟训练营。
②They had_intended_(intend) to go into the country for the day, but were put off by reports of traffic jams.
他们本来打算那天到乡下去，但听说交通拥堵就推迟了。
③He left England with the intention (intend) of travelling in Africa.
他离开英格兰，打算去非洲旅行。
6．behave vt.& vi.举动；(举止或行为)表现
to_behave
society.(2014·重庆高考写作)
我认为在这个社会里他们用那种方式做事是不合情理的。
②Behave_yourself;_do not make a fool of yourself.
守规矩点，别闹出笑话来。
③I think all of us should mind our behaviour (behave) in public places.(2012·福建高考书面表达)
我认为我们大家都应该注意在公共场所的行为举止。
7．respect vt.& n．尊敬；尊重；敬意
①Respect_yourself,_or no one else will respect you.
[谚]君须自敬，人乃敬之。
②I hope airlines can show more respect for passengers and improve service.
我希望航空公司能多尊重乘客并提高服务水平。
③Chinese children grow up with warnings not to waste a single grain of rice, out_of_respect_for farmers' labor.
中国的孩子在很小的时候就受到不能浪费每一粒粮食的教育，这是出于对农民劳动的尊重。
8．observe vt.观察；观测；注意到；遵守；庆祝
[一词多义]写出下列句中observe的含义
①Though having lived abroad for years, many Chinese still observe the traditional customs.遵守
②Thanksgiving Day is observed as a general holiday by the American people.庆祝
③The scientist devoted most of his lifetime to observing the behaviour of the chimps.观察
④The thief was observed to open the window and run away.注意到
stealing
approach him quietly.
门卫注意到一位年轻人正从办公室里偷东西，他试图悄悄地靠近他。
9．refer to谈到；参考；查阅；提及；涉及
[一词多义]写出下列句中refer to的含义
①If you don't know the exact meaning of the word, you may refer to the dictionary.查阅
②Your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test.参考
③We have reached an agreement that we will not refer to the matter again.提及
④The new law does not refer to land used for farming.涉及
People who work in offices are usually referred_to_as
在办公室工作的人通常被称作白领。
⑥The textbooks and dictionaries can be used as reference (refer) books while the magazines serve as reading materials.(2015·天津高考书面表达)
课本和字典可以用作参考书而杂志可作为阅读材料。
[名师指津]look up表示“参考；查阅”时，其宾语多为word, information等；而refer to表示“参考；查阅”时，其宾语多为book, dictionary等。
10．It hit(s) sb.＋从句
Suddenly it_hit_me_how difficult it was for a woman to get medical training at that time.
我突然想起在那个年代，一个女子去学医是多么难。
类似的结构还有：
→It_struck_me_that the phone number I had told them was wrong.
→It_occurred_to_me_that the phone number I had told them was wrong.
我忽然想到我告诉他们的电话号码是错的。
②It_happened_that they spent their childhood in the same village.
碰巧他们的童年是在同一个村子度过的。
[课堂练牢基础]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The little boy's bad behaviour (behave) at the party made his parents upset.
2．He has made up his mind to intend his son to_manage (manage) the company.
3．He was unhappy because many people argued_against his plan.
4．With our teacher supporting (support) us, we feel quite encouraged.
5．You should refer this matter to our teacher for a decision.
6．Last night Bruce was observed to_leave (leave) the building with two young men and take a taxi away.
7．I deeply appreciate your kindness (kind) in coming so far to meet me.
8．He is such a great man that all of us show our respect for him.
9．We all know that Yuan Longping is famous for his scientific achievements (achieve)．10．Computers have replaced televisions as our most popular form of entertainment (entertain)．
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．The meal over, the managers went back to the meeting room to carry out their discussion.out→on
2．I often look at the words I don't know in the dictionary or on the Internet.at→up 3．It didn't occur him that she would refuse his invitation. occur后加to
4．It is very easy to find a book intending for children. intending→intended
5．You promised to deliver the goods for our company immediately, but we haven't seen any of them yet.for→to
6．A crowd of children was passing my house, singing and laughing. was→were
Ⅲ.根据提示词或结构补全句子
1．(2015·江苏高考书面表达)监督他们维持社会秩序并靠右行驶是每一个人的责任。(observe)
It is everybody's duty to_observe_them_keep_our_society_in_order and going on the right track.
2．(2015·浙江高考书面表达)当我有不同意见时，我可能选择放弃我的意见并尊重大多数人的意见。(respect)
When I have a different opinion, I may choose to give it up and respect_the_opinion_of_the_majority.
3．(2013·天津高考书面表达)为了提高我们的英语水平，让更多的学生对英语感兴趣，我打算在学校组织一些活动。(intend)
To improve our English and get more students interested in English, I intend_to_organize_some_activities_at_school.
4．只有通过努力学习你才能在学习上取得进步。(“only＋状语”置于句首的倒装句) Only by studying hard will_you_make_progress in your study.
5．现在大家都知道它了。但没人知道是什么曾经阻止了谣言传播。(强调句型)
Everybody knows about it now! But no one knows what_it_was_that once prevented the rumor from spreading.
Ⅳ.根据括号内的要求完成下面各题
1．说服农民相信科学种田是我们的任务。(一句多译)
①It is our task to_argue_the_peasants_into_believing scientific farming.(argue)
②To_persuade_the_peasants_into_believing/to_believe scientific farming is our task.(persuade)
③Our task is to_talk_the_peasants_into_believing scientific farming.(talk)
2．It hit him that he had an important conference to attend the next morning.(同义句转换)
→It_occurred_to_him_that he had an important conference to attend the next morning.
→It_struck_him_that he had an important conference to attend the next morning.
3．I met my good friends in the museum yesterday by chance. (同义句转换)
→It_happened_that I met my good friends in the museum yesterday.
4．Once he was buried in something, he would close his ears to anything.(状语从句的省略)
→Once_buried in something, he would close his ears to anything.
[课下练熟高考]
练(一)英语知识运用·组块专练——练准度
(限时：30分钟)
Ⅰ.完形填空
(2017·江西九校联考)Conservationists are breeding (饲养) lions in the Southern African nation of Zimbabwe. The wildlife experts hope to increase the lion population to keep the great cats from __1__.
In some areas, lions and human beings are __2__ control of land. Researchers believe something must be done quickly to __3__ the animals.
The African Lion and Environmental Research Trust (ALERT) has more than 100 __4__ in its breeding program. Antelope Park Farm is one of two sites ALERT operates in Zimbabwe.
Gary Jones heads the Antelope Park Farm. He says ALERT has become involved __5__ a sharp drop in the number of lions. His group believes this has been __6__ mainly by humans. There are more people moving to this area every year. The lions have __7__ land on which to live.
Gary Jones says the decrease in the lion population affects the whole __8__. He adds that other African nations are also seeing the __9__ effects of this.
There are countries, __10__ in central and north Africa, where the lion population has reached a(n) __11__ level. Burundi, a country of east-central Africa, for instance, does not have lions in its national parks. It __12__ wants to have lions reintroduced back into its national parks. The reason is that when you take the lion out of the equation (平衡), suddenly you get all __13__ things start happening with the balance of __14__. For example, you get too many prey (猎物) species, like giraffes and zebras.
The United Nations'Food and Agriculture Organization says __15__ animals are threatened when farmers try to __16__ their plants or animals.
Rene Czudek works for the UN agency. He says his organization has __17__ a human-wildlife tool kit (成套工具) that some countries are using to reduce __18__ between humans and wildlife. “In fact, the tool kit is a kind of instrument that extension workers can use with the __19__ — explain to them how wildlife behaves, and then show them what the risky behaviors are, and how they should __20__ their fields accordingly，” Mr. Czudek said.
语篇解读：本文是说明文。生态保护者设法保护非洲的狮子。
1．A.disappearing B．attacking
C．changing D．arriving
解析：选A由上文的“increase the lion population”可推断，野生动物保护专家希望增加狮子的数量以防止狮子“消失(disappearing)”。
2．A.waiting for B．cheering for
C．competing for D．looking for
解析：选C在一些地方，狮子和人类正在“争夺(competing for)”对土地的控制。
3．A.train B．observe
C．catch D．save
解析：选D由第四段中的“a sharp drop in the number of lions”可推断，研究人员认为必须尽快采取措施“拯救(save)”狮子。
4．A.giraffes B．lions
C．zebras D．antelopes
解析：选B由文章开头的“breeding (饲养) lions”可知答案。
5．A.instead of B．because of
C．in place of D．in spite of
解析：选B由于狮子数量骤减，所以ALERT要保护它们。故选because of。
6．A.known B．studied
C．caused D．prevented
解析：选C由下文的“There are more people moving to this area every year.”可推断，狮子数量减少主要是人类“造成(caused)”的。
7．A.less B．worse
C．more D．better
解析：选A由上文的“There are more people moving to this area every year.”可推断，狮子赖以生存的土地减少了。故选less。
8．A.environment B．background
C．industry D．position
解析：选A由下段末的“you get too many prey (猎物) species, like giraffes and zebras”可推断，狮子数量减少影响整个自然“环境(environment)”。
9．A.immediate B．possible
C．magical D．disastrous
解析：选D由下段可知，其他非洲国家也看到了狮子数量减少所带来的“灾难性的(disastrous)”影响。
10．https://www.doczj.com/doc/1915862736.html,ually B．finally
C．gradually D．particularly
解析：选D在一些国家，“尤其(particularly)”是位于非洲中部和北部的国家，狮子数量已经达到了“令人担忧的(worrying)”地步。
11．A.acceptable B．worrying
C．reasonable D．necessary
解析：选B参见上题解析。
12．A.frequently B．simply
C．naturally D．desperately
解析：选D布隆迪“极度(desperately)”想将狮子再次引入到国家公园。
13．A.small B．similar
C．strange D．ideal
解析：选C由下文的“you get too many prey (猎物) species, like giraffes and zebras”可知，没有狮子会导致一系列“奇怪的(strange)”事情发生。
14．A.nature B．body
C．power D．trade
解析：选A由下文所举的猎物增多的例子可推断，此处是说“自然生态平衡”。故选nature。
15．A.live B．wild
C．large D．trapped
解析：选B由下文的“when farmers try to ... their plants or animals”可推断，此处是说“野生的(wild)”动物受到威胁。
16．A.protect B．move
C．use D．improve
解析：选A农民设法“保护(protect)”他们的植物或动物。
17．A.put up with B．caught up with
C．come up with D．kept up with
解析：选C Rene Czudek所在的组织已经“创造出(come up with)”一套缓解人类和野生生物冲突的工具。
18．A.pressure B．distance
C．speed D．conflict
解析：选D由下文的“explain to them how wildlife behaves, and then show them what the risky behaviors are, and how ...”可知，这套工具可以用来缓解人类和野生生物之间的“冲突(conflict)”。
19．A.farmers B．workers
C．gardeners D．experts
解析：选A由下文可知，这套工具是供推广人员向“农民(farmers)”宣传有关环保知识时使用的。
20．A.clear B．water
C．find D．plan
解析：选D上文多次提到狮子(或野生生物)和人类争夺土地，因此，要缓解二者之间的冲突就需要教育农民如何“规划(plan)”他们的土地。
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2017·福建高三单科质量检查)I was born in a town called Blackburn, in the northwest of England, and lived there till I left home __1__ the age of eighteen. My parents had moved to England from India during __2__ 1970s.
As a child, I went to my local school and, of course __3__ (speak) English with a local accent. But home was very different: we lived in a kind of “little India”，with a huge extended family of uncles and aunts. I remember __4__ (feel) part of this big thing called “family”，and an even __5__ (big) thing called “India”. I suppose my family __6__ (real) influenced me while I was growing up. They used to talk about India as “home” —even __7__ at that time I had never been there!
To me, it doesn't seem at all strange to grow up as part of two cultures. I am always thinking that growing up with two cultures is a gift, not a __8__ (advantage). Now as a mother, I want my child __9__ (get) in contact (接触) with her Indian roots too, so we are planning to visit there later this year. All her Indian __10__ (cousin) are expecting to meet her!
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。“我”出生在英国西北部的一个小镇，在十八岁时离开那里去求学；“我”的父母早在20世纪70年代从印度迁到英国。“我”认为伴随着两个不同文化成长是礼物而不是缺点。
1．at at the age of为固定搭配，意为“在……岁时”。
2．the the 1970s为固定用法，意为“20世纪70年代”；表示“某世纪某年代”时应
在数字前加the。
3．spoke根据该句中的“As a child, I went”可以判断，该句讲述的是过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，故应用speak的过去式spoke。
4．feeling remember doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“记得(曾经)做过某事”；根据语境可知，这里指记得曾经发生的事情，故用feeling。
5．bigger根据上文中的big和该句中的even可以判断，空处应用big的比较级bigger。
6．really根据空后的influenced可以判断，空处修饰动词，故用该词的副词形式really。
7．though/if他们过去常常将印度当作家乡来谈论，即使那时“我”从没有到过那里。even though/if为固定搭配，意为“尽管，即使”。
8．disadvantage根据该句中的“a gift, not ...”可以判断，此处表示伴随着两种文化成长是一件礼物，而不是缺点。故用advantage的反义词disadvantage。
9．to get want sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“想要某人做某事”。
10．cousins根据该句中的All和are可知，应用名词的复数形式。
练(二)第Ⅱ卷强化增分·组块专练——练规范
(限时：45分钟)
Ⅰ.语法填空
(2017·兰州、白银市部分学校高三模拟)
Do you ever stop and think about this big, beautiful world we live in? It's home __1__ so many people and animals. We all live in this amazing place, so we all have the __2__ (responsible) to take care of it, too.
A long time ago, I started thinking about what I could do to help take care of the planet.
I wondered __3__ I could use my talents for good. I love creating websites and making art and designing clothes. That's what __4__ (inspire) me, at age 8, to start an online company. I donate part of my profits to organizations __5__ (try) their best to save our environment. After I launched my business, I started getting __6__ (invite) to give presentations to young people about my company and the environment. I also talk about something else that __7__ (be) meaningful.
One thing I've learned is that a lot of people feel like __8__ small contribution to any cause is just a drop in the bucket and won't make a difference. But that's not true! __9__ (actual) when it comes to saving our environment, every small action counts. The __10__ (tiny)
thing is better than the greatest intention.
语篇解读：保护环境，从我做起；拯救地球，从小做起。作者8岁时创立网络公司，把一部分利润捐给热衷环保的组织。最小的行动胜过最大的打算。你行动起来了吗？
1．to be home to意为“……的栖息地；是……的家园”，为固定搭配。
2．responsibility我们都住在这个令人惊叹的地方，因此人人也都有责任照顾它。根据空前的“have the”可知此处应填一个名词，responsibility意为“责任，职责”。
3．how分析句子结构可知，空处引导的从句作wondered的宾语，且根据句意可知，此处表示方式，故用how引导该从句，表示“我想知道我如何能把我的才能发挥好”。
4．inspired空处的前一句和后一句都用的是一般现在时，但是根据空后的时间状语“at age 8”可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。
5．trying我把收益的一部分捐给尽最大努力挽救我们的环境的组织。分析句子结构可知，organizations与try之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故此处应用现在分词形式作后置定语。
6．invited创业后，我开始受邀给年轻人作关于我的公司和环境的讲座。此处是get done 结构，故填过去分词。
7．is that引导定语从句并在从句中作主语，that指代的是something else，表示单数含义，故从句谓语动词用单数形式。此外，这里表示客观的情况，故应用一般现在时。综上可知本空填is。
8．a很多人觉得对任何事业的小小贡献都是杯水车薪，不会有什么影响。这里表示泛指，且contribution是可数名词，故用a。注意：feel like后面是一个省略了引导词的从句。
9．Actually但那是错误的！事实上，谈到拯救环境，每一个小小的行为都很重要。空处作状语修饰整个句子，故要用副词。actually“事实上”。
10．tiniest根据空前的“The”和句意“最微小的事情也比最伟大的打算好”，空处要填最高级跟后面的“the greatest”形成对比。
Ⅱ.短文改错
(2016·河南省六市高三第一次联考)Last weekend, I helped my grandparents prepare for our trip to Beidaihe. On Saturday morning, together with my grandparents, I searched for the Internet for the train schedule, the weather in Beidaihe, and some hotel informations. In
the afternoon, I went to the train station and manage to buy two tickets for my grandparents but there was a long queue. After dinner, I packed into the suitcase which my grandparents would need, such as clothes, glasses, a umbrella, and a map. The next morning, I went to the station see them off. Waved goodbye to them on the platform, I felt happy for them and wished them a safety journey.
答案：第一句：our→their
第二句：去掉第一个for; informations→information
第三句：manage→managed; but→though/although
第四句：which→what; 第一个a→an
第五句：station后加to
第六句：Waved→Waving; safety→safe
Ⅲ.书面表达
假设你是李华，计划今年暑假去美国旅游两周，请根据以下提示给你的美国朋友David 写一封电子邮件，主要内容包括：
1．提出你对旅游地点的要求并请David推荐地点；
2．你对住宿和交通的要求；
3．请他代为预订宾馆并对他表示感谢。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear David，
Best regards!
Yours,
Li Hua 参考范文：
Dear David，
The summer holiday is drawing near. I feel very excited at the thought that I am going to visit America in the holiday. It will be the first time that I have travelled abroad on my own. So I need your help. I'd like to visit some areas of scenic beauty, such as mountains, valleys, rivers or forests, where I can enjoy the beauty of nature. Please recommend several places to me. Besides, I prefer to live in the hotel and I hope the traffic around isn't too heavy because
I'm going to rent a car to start my travel. Please help me book a hotel. Thanks a lot.
I'm expecting to hear from you, and I'm looking forward to meeting you.
Best regards!
Yours，
Li Hua Unit 2Working the land
一、单词——在语境中默写，在联想中积累
?积得多(平时多积累，考场出华章)
1.“因此”家族
①therefore ad v.因此；所以
②so conj. 因此；所以
③thus ad v. 因此；于是
④consequently ad v.所以；因此
⑤as a result 结果；因此2.“评论”名词知多少
①comment评论；意见；批评
②remark评论
③review回顾；复习；评论
3.“扩展”动词全接触
①expand扩展；扩张；膨胀
②enlarge扩大；放大
4.加后缀-ment构成的名词面
面观①equip→equipment装备
②develop→development发展
③argue→argument争论
④establish→establishment建
立
⑤employ→employment雇
用
⑥improve→improvement提
高
二、短语——在应用中记牢，在归纳中记多
?积得多(平时多积累，考场出华章)“be＋adj.＋with”高频短语集锦
Book 4 UNIT1 1.only+状语（副词、介词短语或从句）位于句首时，句子要部分倒装。 （把be动词/情态动词/助动词提前到主语前面） only+状语+助V+主语+其他 ① I realized that I was wrong only then. ? Only then did I realize that I was wrong. ② You can learn English well only in this way. ? Only in this way can you learn English well. ③ We will achieve success only when we work hard. ? Only when you work hard will you achieve success. 2.spend、pay、cost、take 表“花费” sb+spend+time/money+(in)doing sth/on sth sb+pay+money+for sth It+cost(sb)+money+to do sth sth +cost+ sb+money It+take(sb)+time+to do sth eg:①读这本书花了他两天的时间。 He spent two days ( in ) reading this book. = It took him two days to read this book. ②买这辆车花了他20万元。 He spent 200,000 on thiis car. = He paid 200,000 yuan for the car. 3.lead a(+adj.) life 过着...的生活 lead a quiet/simple/happy life 4.look down upon/on... 鄙视...瞧不起... eg：我们不应该瞧不起残疾人。 We shouldn’t look down upon / on the disable . 5.by chance= by accident 碰巧，偶然地 eg: 我偶然找到了那本丢失了的书。 I found the lost book by chance. come across... 偶然碰到（某人），偶然发现（某物） eg：我今天早上在街上遇到了一个老朋友。 I came across an old friend on the street this morning. 6.carry on (sth) 继续；坚持 eg：在他死了之后，他的孩子肯定会坚持他的梦想的。 After his death , his children will certainly carry on his dream. carry out 履行，执行，实行 eg：你必须实履行你的承诺，要不然的话没人会相信你。 You must carry out your promise, or no one will believe you. 7.intend to do sth 打算做某事 eg：我打算赶上早班车，但我没有及时起床。 I intented to catch the early train, but I didn’t get up in time. be intended for sb 为...而准备，专供...使用
外研版高中英语必修四课文文 本(总15页) -CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1 -CAL-本页仅作为文档封面，使用请直接删除
Module 1 Reading The City of the Future What will the city of the future look like No one knows for sure, and making predictions is a risky business. But one thing is certain— they are going to get bigger before they get smaller. In the future, care for the environment will become very important as earth's natural resources run out. We will use lots of recycled materials, such as plastic, aluminium, steel, glass, wood and paper, and we will waste fewer natural resources. We will also have to rely more on alternative energy, such as solar and wind power. All this seems certain, but there are plenty of things about city life in the future which are not certain. To find out what young people think about the future of urban life, a teacher at a university in Texas in the United States asked his students to think how they would run a city of 50,000 people in the year 2025. Here are some of the ideas they had: Garbage ships To get rid of garbage problems, the city will load huge spaceships with waste materials and send them towards the sun, preventing landfill and environmental problems. Batman Nets Police will arrest criminals by firing nets instead of guns.
高中英语黄金阅读(高一版) 习俗类 (1) In the US, people prefer waiting for a table to sitting with people they don’t know. This means a hostess may not seat a small group until a small table is available, even if a large one is. If you are sitting at a table with people you don’t know, it is impolite to light up a cigarette without asking if it will disturb them. At American restaurants and coffee shops you are usually served tap water before you order. You may find the bread and butter is free, and if you order coffee, you may get a free refill. Most cities and towns have no rules about opening and closing time for stores or restaurants, though they usually do make rules for bars. Especially in large cities, stores may be open 24 hours a day. Serving in restaurants is often large; too large for many people. If you can’t finish your meal but would like to enjoy the food later, ask your waitress or waiter for a “doggie bag”. It may have a picture of a dog on it, but everybody knows you’re taking the food for yourself. Supper and dinner are both words for the evening meal. Some people have “Sunday dinner”. This is an especially big noon meal. Tips are not usually added to the check. They are not included in the price of the meal, either. A tip of about 15% is expected and you should leave it on the table when you leave. In some restaurants, a check is brought on a plate and you put your money there. Then the waiter or waitress brings you your change. 1. Which statement is true? A. American people like sitting with people they don’t know. B. A hostess always seats a small group at a large table. C. American people never sit with people they don’t know. D. American people would not light a cigarette if the people who sit at the same table mind their smoking. 2. What is served before you order? A. bread B. butter C. coffee D. cold water 3. What do American people always do when servings are too large for them? A. They take the food home with a doggie bag for their dogs. B. They leave the food on the table and go away. C. They take the food home with a doggie bag and enjoy the food later. D. They ask the waitress or waiter to keep the food for them. 4. Sunday dinner is_______. A. a dinner in the evening B. A big noon meal C. a big lunch on Sunday D. A supper on Sunday 【答案解析】本文介绍了美国人在外就餐时的风俗习惯。 1. D。细节题。根据第一段及关键句…it is impolite to light up a cigarette without asking if it will disturb them 可知 A、B、C 与原文不相符，同时关键句告诉我们“未
Unit 1 Women of achievement 1． Target language a. achieve, achievement, condition, welfare, institute, connection, campaign, organization, entertainment, inspire, support, devote ... to b. Watching a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day. P2 Everybody sits and waits while the animals in the group begin to wake up and move. P2 But the evening makes it all worthwhile. P2 ... we see them go to sleep together in their nest for the night. P2 2． Ability goals a. Learn Warming Up, and know how to tell the great women and the famous women. b. Learn the way to describe a person from what the person did, what she/he looks like and so on. 3． Learning ability goals Teach Ss how to describe a person. Teaching important points a. By reading A protector of African wildlife, students can learn from Jane Goodall in at least two aspects: b. Ask students to answer these questions: 1) What made her a great success? 2) What should we learn from Jane Goodall? Teaching difficult points Let everyone believe that all of us can become Jane Goodall. Teaching methods Inspiration, Questioning and Discussion. Teaching aids A computer, a projector and a recorder.
Book 4 Unit 5 Theme Parks . There are v arious kinds of theme parks, with a different park for almost everything: food, culture, science, c artoons, movies or history. . Some parks are famous for having the biggest or longest r oller coasters, others for showing the famous sights and sounds of a culture. . Whichever and whatever you like, there is a theme park for you! . It will bring you into a magical world and make your dreams come true, whether traveling through space, visiting a pirate ship or meeting your favourite fairy tale or Disney cartoon character. 8. As you wander around the fantasy amusement park, you may see Snow White or Mickey Mouse in a parade or on the street. 9. Of course Disneyland also has many exciting rides, from giant swinging ships to terrifying free-fall drops. 10. With all these attractions, no wonder tourism is increasing w herever there is a Disneyland. 12. Dollywood, in the beautiful Smoky Mountains in the southeastern USA, is one of the most unique theme parks in the world. Dollywood shows and celebrates America's traditional southeastern culture. Although Dollywood has rides, the park's main a ttraction is its culture. People come from all over America to see carpenters and other craftsmen make wood, glass and iron objects in the old-fashioned way. Visit the candy shop to try the same kind of candy that American southerners made 150 years ago, or take a ride on the only steam- engine train still working in the southeast USA. preserve. You can even see beautiful bald eagles in the world's largest bald eagle And for those who like rides, Dollywood has one of the best old wooden roller coasters, Thunderhead. It is world-famous for having the most length in the smallest space. Come to Dollywood to have fun learning all about America's historical southeastern culture! If you want to experience the ancient days and great deeds o f English knights and ladies, princes and queens, then England's Camelot Park is the place for you.
人教版高中英语必修三单词表Unit 1 take place 发生 beauty /'bju:ti/ n.美；美人 harvest /'hɑ:vist/ n. & vt. & vi.收获；收割 celebration /seli'brei?n/ n.庆祝；祝贺 hunter /'h?nt?/ n.狩猎者；猎人 starve /stɑ:v/ vi. & vt.（使）饿死；饿得要死 origin /'?rid?in/ n.起源；由来；起因 religious /ri'lid??s/ adj.宗教上的；信奉宗教的；虔诚的 △seasonal /'si:z?nl/ adj.季节的；季节性的 ancestor /'?nsest?/ n.祖先；祖宗 △Obon /?'b?n/ n. (日本)盂兰盆节 △grave /ɡreiv/ n.坟墓；墓地 △incense /'insens/ n.熏香；熏香的烟 in memory of 纪念；追念 Mexico /'meksik?u/ n. 墨西哥(拉丁美洲国家) feast /fi:st/ n.节日；盛宴 △skull /sk?l/ n.头脑；头骨 bone /b?un/ n.骨；骨头 △Halloween /h?l?u'i:n/ n.万圣节前夕；诸圣日前夕 belief /bi'li:f/ n.信任；信心；信仰 dress up 盛装；打扮；装饰 trick /trik/ n.诡计；恶作剧；窍门vt.欺骗；诈骗 play a trick on 搞恶作剧；诈骗；开玩笑 poet /'p?uit/ n.诗人 △Columbus Day哥伦布日 arrival /?'raivl/ n.到来；到达；到达者 △Christopher Columbus /'krist?f?k?'1?mb?s/ 克利斯托弗·哥伦布(意大利航海家) gain /ɡein/ vt.获得；得到 independence /indi'pend?ns/n.独立；自主 independent /indi'pend?nt/ adj.独立的；自主的 gather /'ɡ?e?/ vt. & vi. & n.搜集；集合；聚集 agriculture /'?ɡrik?lt??/n.农业；农艺；农学 agricultural /?ɡri'k?lt??r?l/ adj.农业的；农艺的 award /?'w?:d/ n.奖；奖品vt.授予；判定 △produce /'pr?dju:s/ n.产品；（尤指）农产品 rooster /'ru:st?/ n.雄禽；公鸡 admire /?d'mai?/ vt.赞美；钦佩；羡慕 energetic /en?'d?etik/ adj.充满活力的；精力充沛的；积极的 look forward to 期望；期待；盼望 △carnival /'ka:nivl/n. 狂欢节；(四句斋前的) 饮宴狂欢；嘉年华(会) △lunar /'lu:n?/ adj.月的；月亮的；阴历的 Easter /'i:st?/n. (耶稣)复活节 △parade /p?'reid/ n.游行；阅兵；检阅 day and night 日夜；昼夜；整天
Unit 1 achievement n. 成就；功绩 △Joan of Arc 圣女贞德 △Elizabeth Fry 伊丽莎白.弗赖伊 （英国慈善家） △Quaker n. 教友派信徒；贵格会会员welfare n. 福利；福利事业 project n. 项目；工程；规划 institute n. 学会；学院；协会 △China Welfare Institute 中国福利基金会specialist n. 专家；专业工作者specialize vi. 专攻；专门从事；专注于 △Jane Goodall 简.古道尔(英国动物学家) △chimp n. （非洲）黑猩猩 connection n. 连接；关系 human being 人类 △Jody Williams 乔迪.威廉斯 （美国诺贝尔和平奖得者）campaign n. 运动；战役 vi. 作战；参加运动 △landmine n. 地雷 organization n. 组织；机构；团体 △Gombe National Park 贡贝国家公园behave vt. & vi. 举动；（举止或行为）表现behaviour (=behavior) 行为；举止；习性shade n. 荫；阴凉处 vt. 遮住光线 move off 离开；起程；出发 worthwhile adj. 值得的；值得做的 nest n. 巢；窝 bond n. 联系；关系；结合；纽带observe vt. 观察；观测；遵守observation n. 观察；观测 childhood n. 童年；幼年时代 outspoken adj. 直言的；坦诚 respect vt. & n. 尊敬；尊重；敬意 argue vt. & vi. 讨论；辩论；争论 argument n. 争论；争辩；争吵 entertainment n. 款待；娱乐；娱乐表演 lead a … life 过着……的生活 crowd n. 人群；观众 vt. 挤满；使拥挤 crowd in （想法、问题等）涌上心头； 涌入脑海 inspire vt. 鼓舞；激发；启示 inspiration n. 灵感；鼓舞 support n. & vt. 支持；拥护 look down upon/on 蔑视；瞧不起 refer vi. 谈到；查阅；参考 refer to查阅；参考；谈到 audience n. 观众；听众；读者 by chance碰巧；凑巧 come across （偶然）遇见；碰见 △career n. 事业；生涯 rate n. 比率；速度 sickness n. 疾病；恶心 intend vt. 计划；打算 emergency n. 突发事件；紧急情况 generation n. 一代；一辈 △determination n. 决心；果断 kindness n. 仁慈；好意 considerate adj. 考虑周到的 consideration n. 考虑；体谅 deliver vt. 递送；生（小孩儿）；接生； 发表（演说等） carry on 继续；坚持 modest adj. 谦虚的；谦让的；适度的Unit 2 statistic n. （常用pl statistics）数据；统计； 统计数字；统计资料 sunburnt adj. 晒黑的 struggle vt. & vi. 斗争；拼搏；努力decade n. 十年；十年期 super adj. 特级的；超级的 △hybrid adj. 混合的；杂种的 n. 杂交种；混血儿output n. 产量；输出 △strain n.（植物的）品种；种类 crop n. 庄稼；农作物；产量 hunger n. 饥饿；欲望 vt. & vi. （使）饥饿 disturbing adj. 引起烦恼的；令人不安的expand vt. & vi. 使变大；伸展circulate vt. & vi. 循环；流传
新人教版高中英语课文译文 必修四 第一单元卓有成就的女性 Reading 非洲野生动物研究者 清晨5点45分，太阳刚从东非的贡贝国家公园的上空升起，我们一行人准备按照简研究黑猩猩的方法去森林里拜访它们。简研究这些黑猩猩家族已经很多年了，她帮助人们了解了黑猩猩跟人类的行为是多么的相似。我们当天的首相任务就是观察黑猩猩一家是如何醒来的。这意味着我们要返回前一天晚上我们离开时黑猩猩睡觉的大树旁。大家坐在树荫下等待着，这时候黑猩猩睡醒了，准备离开。然后这群黑猩猩向森林深处漫步而去，我们尾随其后。在大部分时间里，黑猩猩或互相喂食，或彼此擦身，这在它们的家族里是爱的表达方式。简预先提醒我们，到下午的时候我们就会又脏又累。她说对了，但是到了傍晚时分我们就觉得这一切都是值得的。我们看到黑猩猩妈妈跟她的幼子们在树上玩耍，后来看见它们一起回窝里睡觉了。我们明白了黑猩猩家庭成员之间的联系像人类家庭一样紧密。 在简之前没有人完全了解黑猩猩的行为。她花了多年的时间来观察并记录黑猩猩的日常活动。从孩提时代起，简就想在动物生活的环境中研究它们。但是，这不是一件简单的事。当她1960年最初来到贡贝时。对女性来说，住进大森林还是很稀罕的事情。她母亲头几个月来帮过她的忙，这才使她得以开始自己的计划。她的工作改变了人们对黑猩猩的看法。比方说，她的一个重要发现是黑猩猩猎食动物。而在此之前，人们一直认为黑猩猩只吃水果和坚果。她曾经亲眼看到
过一群黑猩猩捕杀一只猴子，然后把它吃掉。她还发现了黑猩猩是如何交流的，而她对黑猩猩身势语的研究帮助她勾勒出黑猩猩的社会体系。 40年来，简·古道尔一直在呼吁世人了解并尊重这些动物的生活。她主张应该让野生动物留在野外生活，而不是用于娱乐或公告。她还为黑猩猩建起了可以安全生活的专门的保护区，她的生活是忙忙碌碌的，然而，正如她所说的：“我一旦停下来，所有的一切就会涌上心头。我就会想起实验室的黑猩猩，太可怕了。每当我看着野生黑猩猩时，这个念头总是萦绕着我。我会对自己说：…难道它们不幸运吗？?然后我就想起了那些没有如何过错却被关在笼子里的小 黑猩猩。一旦你看到这些，你就永远不会忘记……。” 简已经得到了她想要得到的一切：在动物的栖息地工作：获得博士学位；还向世人证明女人和男人一样也能在森林里生活。她激励着人们为妇女们的成就而喝彩。 Using Language 为什么不继承她的事业？ 上学时我喜欢英语、生物和化学，但是我进大学该选哪门专业呢？直到有一天晚上坐在电脑旁研究中国的伟大女性时，我才有了答案。 很偶然地，我看到了一篇关于林稚巧大夫的文章。她是妇科专家，1901年生，1983年去世。林稚巧似乎一直都在为自己选择的事业而奔忙，去国外留学，写了很多书和文章。其中有一本书引起了我的注意。这是一本小书，介绍如何从妇女怀孕到护理婴儿的过程中降低死亡率，她提出了一些可以遵循的简单的做法，保持婴儿清洁和健康，让他们远离疾病。她为什么要写这些东西呢?林稚巧认为哪些妇女会需要这些忠告呢？我仔细地看了这篇文章，了解到那是为农村妇女写的。也许是她们在遇到紧急情况时找不到医生。
I 主语和谓语动词的一致 1主语要和谓语动词保持人称和数的一致。如: I am seventeen. She is sixteen. There is a desk in the room. There are no chairs in it. They have not come yet. Nobody knows who is going to win in the competition. What is the latest news about the Olympic Games? 2两个名词由and连接作主语时，谓语动词一般用复数。如: Wang Gang and Zhang Hua were here a moment ago. My brother and I have both seen the film. Both rice and wheat are grown in this part of China. 说明 (1) 当and不表示并列意义，连接两个在意义上表示同一人、物或概念或由两个部件配成的物品时，谓语动词用单数。如: The professor and writer is speaking at the meeting.那位教授作家正在会上发言。 One more knife and fork is needed.还需要一副刀叉。 War and peace is a constant theme in history.战争与和平是历史永恒的主题。 (2) 两个并列的名词有each, every, many a等修饰语时，谓语动词一般用单数。如: Each doctor and (each) nurse / Every doctor and (every) nurse was given a new shirt.每个大夫和护士都发了一件新衬衫。 NO sound and no voice is heard.-点声音都没有。 Many boy and (many a) girl has made the same mistake.许多男孩女孩都犯了同样的错误。2电休名词group, class family army, enemy等作主语时，如果强调整体，谓语动词用单数形
新人教版高中英语课文译文 必修三 第一单元世界各地的节日 Reading 节日和庆典 自古以来，世界各地就有各种各样的节日和庆典。最古老的节日总是庆祝严寒的结束、春季的种植和秋天的收割。有时，在猎人捕获猎物后，也举行庆祝活动。在那个时代，如果食物难以找到，特别是在寒冷的冬月，人们就会挨饿。现在的节日有很多由来，一些是宗教上的，一些是季节性的，一些是纪念特殊的人和事件的。 亡灵节 有些节日，是为了纪念死者，或使祖先得到满足，因为祖先们有可能回到世上（给人们）提供帮助，也有可能带来危害。在日本的盂兰盆节，人们要扫墓、烧香，以缅怀祖先。他们还点起灯笼，奏响乐曲，因为他们认为这样做可以把祖先引回到世上。在墨西哥，亡灵节是在11月初。在这个重要的节庆日子里，人们会吃制成颅骨形状的食物和装点有“骨头”的蛋糕。他们向亡者祭献食物、鲜花和礼品。西方节日万圣节也源自人们古老的信念，认为亡者的灵魂会返回人间。万圣节如今成了孩子们的节日，这天他们可以乔装打扮上邻居家要糖吃。如果邻居什么糖也不给，那么孩子们就可以捉弄他们了。 纪念名人的节日 也有纪念名人的节日。中国的端午节（龙舟节）是纪念古代著名诗人屈
原的。美国的哥伦布日是纪念克里斯托弗.哥伦布发现“新大陆”的日子。印度 在10月2日有个全国性节日，纪念莫汉达斯.甘地，他是帮助印度脱离英国 而独立的领袖。 庆丰收的节日 收获与感恩节是十分喜庆的节日。越冬的粮食收集起来了，农活结束了，人们都心怀感激。在欧洲国家，人们通常用花果来装饰教堂和市政厅，在一 起聚餐。有些人还可能因为他们的农产品（参加各种评选）而获奖，比如最 大的西瓜或最帅的公鸡。中国和日本都有中秋节，这时人们会赏月。在中国，人们还品尝月饼。 春天的节日 最富生气而又最重要的节日，就是告别冬天、迎来春天的日子。中国人 过春节要吃饺子、鱼和肉，还要给孩子们送红纸包着的压岁钱。（他们）舞 龙灯、狂欢，全家人聚在一起欢庆阴历年。在一些西方国家有激动人心的狂 欢节，通常在二月，复活节前的四十天。狂欢节期间，人们穿着各种艳丽的 节日盛装，伴随着鼓噪的音乐，在街头游行，昼夜跳舞。复活节是全世界基 督徒的一个重要的宗教和公众节日。它庆祝耶稣复活，也欢庆春天和新生命 的到来。再晚些时候，日本就迎来了樱花节，（节日里）整个国度到处是盛 开的樱花。看上去就像覆盖了一层粉红色的雪。 人们喜欢聚在一起吃、喝、玩耍。节日让我们享受生活，让我们为自己的习俗而自豪，还可以暂时忘掉工作中的烦恼。 Using Language 一段伤心的爱情故事 李方的心都碎了。这天是情人节，胡瑾说她下班后会在咖啡馆和他见面
高中英语人教版必修四 短语 文档编制序号：[KKIDT-LLE0828-LLETD298-POI08]
人教版英语必修4词组归纳总结Unit 1 1. in pairs 成对 2. give reasons for 给…理由 3. improve prison conditions改善监狱的条件 4. the Nobel Peace Prize诺贝尔和平奖 5. one of the top leaders高级领导人之一 6. concern oneself with 让自己关注 (be concerned about对…担心) 7. welfare projects福利事业 8. China Welfare Institute中国福利协会 9. show the connection between … and … 显示出…和…之间的联系 10. fight for为…而战 11. put…to death将…处死 12. a specialist in women’s illne sses妇科疾病的专家 13. devote all her life to将自己的一生献给… 致力于… 14. rather than而不是 15. behave like humans像人类的举止 16. the night before前一天晚上
17. wander off离开 18. make it all worthwhile使…值得 19. come into one’s arms回到…的怀抱 20. fully understand完全理解 21. observe and record their daily activities观察记录他们的日常活动 22. be determined to下定决心… 23. communicate…with 与…交流 24.?work out their social system勾勒出他们的社会体系 25.?the rest of the world世界上的其他人 26.?argue for…为…辩护argue against…反对… argue with sb. 与…争论 27.?come crowding in纷塌而至 28.?achieve everything做成了所有的事 29.?gain a doctor’s degree获得了博士学位 30.?cheer the achievements of women为妇女的成就喝彩 31.?support a family支撑一个家庭 32.?get upset感到不安 33.?be of great importance很重要 34.?look down upon 看不起
必修4 Unit 1 A STUDENT OF AFRICAN WILDLIFE It is 5:45 am and the sun is just rising over Gombe National Park in East Africa. Following Jane's way of studying chimps, our group are all going to visit them in the forest. Jane has studied these families of chimps for many years and helped people understand how much they behave like humans. Watching a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day. This means going back to the place where we left the family sleeping in a tree the night before. Everybody sits and waits in the shade of the trees while the family begins to wake up and move off. Then we follow as they wander into the forest. Most of the time, chimps either feed or clean each other as a way of showing love in their family. Jane warns us that our group is going to be very tired and dirty by the afternoon and she is right. However, the evening makes it all worthwhile. We watch the mother chimp and her babies play in the tree. Then we see them go to sleep together in their nest for the night. We realize that the bond between members of a chimp family is as strong as in a human family. Nobody before Jane fully understood chimp behaviour. She spent years observing and recording their daily activities. Since her childhood she had wanted to work with animals in their own environment. However, this was not easy. When she first arrived in Gombe in 1960, it was unusual for a woman to live in the forest. Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project. Her work changed the way people think about chimps. For example, one important thing she discovered was that chimps hunt and eat meat. Until then everyone had thought chimps ate only fruit and nuts. She actually observed chimps as a group hunting a monkey and then eating it. She also discovered how chimps communicate with each other, and her study of their body language helped her work out their social system. For forty years Jane Goodall has been outspoken about making the rest of the world understand and respect the life of these animals. She has argued that wild animals should be left in the wild and not used for entertainment or advertisements. She has helped to set up special places where they can live safely. She is leading a busy life but she says: "Once I stop, it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories. It's terrible. It affects me when I watch the wild chimps. I say to myself, 'Aren't they lucky?" And then I think about small chimps in cages