名词和冠词第一讲
语法项目(一)
名词
[考纲解读·定方向]
语法填空题对名词的考查主要包括名词的单复数和所有格，以及给出动词、形容词等提示词要求写出适当的名词形式。短文改错重点考查名词的单复数、不可数名词、名词与其他词类的词性转化等。解答有关名词的题目时，一定要注意名词前的修饰成分，如数词、量词、常修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词的词或短语等，来判断其是需要可数名词单数形式、复数形式还是不可数名词；有的还要结合语境分析句子成分，来判断是否需要作主语、宾语、表语或定语的名词。
如何确定填单复数、所有格还是派生为名词
[思考趋向]
1．填名词的单复数
若提示词是名词，分析句子成分后发现词性不需要改变，此时应考虑填名词的单复数。
2．填名词的所有格
提示词为名词时，如果作定语表示“……的”，则一般考查名词的所有格。
3．派生为名词
[典例感悟]
[典例1](2017·全国卷Ⅲ)She has turned down several ________ (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies.
解析：invitations invitation“邀请”是可数名词，其前有several修饰，应用复数形式。[典例2](2019·湖南师大附中模拟)This could be ________ (Mary) motto——the expression that best captures her spirit.
解析：Mary's 此题考查名词的所有格，根据语境应该表示“玛丽的格言”。
[典例3](2017·浙江卷11月)Of course you have to work at it.You wouldn't think
that a few ________ (month) of exercise in your teens would be enough for the rest of your life，and that's also true for building your vocabulary—you have to keep at it daily，and pretty soon you will find that you have an excellent vocabulary. 解析：months 考查名词的数。根据空前的a few及month为可数名词可知，此处表示“几个月的锻炼”，故用month的复数形式。
________(educate)．her with on carry to determined is 4](2017·全国卷Ⅲ)She 典例[解析：education 根据空格前的修饰语定答案。前面由形容词性物主代词her(她的)修饰，故用educate的名词形式，education是不可数名词。
名词单数变复数的技法
牢记名词变复数的5种变化形式
[实例体验]
1．(2018·浙江卷6月)Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to
cook.Making Chinese ________ (dish) is seen as especially troublesome.
解析：dishes [考查名词的数。dish是可数名词，其前无限定词，故用其复数形式dishes。] 2．(2018·福州期末)A hutong is an ancient city street typical in
Beijing.Surrounding the Forbidden City，many were built during the Yuan，Ming and Qing ________ (dynasty)．
解析：dynasties [考查名词的数。根据该句中的“Yuan，Ming and Qing”可知，此处指三个朝代，dynasty为可数名词，故用其复数形式。]
3．(2017·浙江卷6月)Last October，while tending her garden in Mora，Sweden，Lena Pahlsson pulled out a handful of small ________ (carrot) and was about to throw
them away.
解析：carrots [carrot是可数名词，根据a handful of“一把”可知，应用其复数形式。] 4．(2020·江西重点中学盟校联考)________ (tomato) and potatoes took some time to become popular.
解析：Tomatoes [and连接并列主语，由potatoes可知tomato应用复数形式。] 5．(2020·四川龙泉模拟)They may let you surf the Internet，listen to music and take ________ (photo) wherever you are.
解析：photos [take photos意为“拍照”。]
6．(2020·湖北宜昌葛洲坝中学月考)Not only have the fables themselves lived for nearly 1,500 years，but ________ (express) from them have entered various languages. 解析：expressions [句意：不仅这些寓言本身存在了近1 500年，而且里面的一些词语已经被收录到各种语言中了。设空处表示“词语”之意，在句中作主语，需用名词形式；根据设空处后的have entered可推知设空处需用名词复数形式，故填expressions。]
7．(2019·福建厦门期末)The 17th-century philosopher and statesman Francis Bacon declared that nothing had changed the world more deeply than three great ________
printing and the compass.
gunpowder，(invention)：世纪的哲学家兼政治家弗朗西斯·培根宣称：任何东西都句意：17解析：inventions [three不如火药、印刷术和指南针这三项伟大的发明对世界造成的变化大。根据设空处前的]
可知设空处填名词复数形式。often news，is constantly updated with 8．(2019·河北五个一名校联盟二模)The site
about exciting ________ (finding) that change how we view the world.
为可数名词，其前无限定词修饰，且定语从考查名词的数。finding 解析：findings []
的复数形式。句中谓语动词为“change”，为复数概念，所以应用finding]
重点强化[ 种复数变化形式规则名词的6变化规则例词
mouth→mouths 在词尾直接加-s 一般情况下glass→glasses 以-s，-x，-ch，-sh结尾的名在词尾加-es 词 match→matchescountry→countries 以辅音字母＋-y结尾的名词变y为i再加-es
factory→factoriesholiday→holidays 以元音字母＋-y结尾的名词在词尾直接加＋-s
monkey→monkeys一般在词尾加-sphoto→photos 以o结尾的名词
有些在词尾加-espotato→potatoes
＋f或fev为一般要变 self→selves wolf→wolves-es fef以，结尾的名词少数直接加
-sbelief→beliefs
牢记不规则变化的名词复
数形式]
[实例体验you don't have to do this if you don't want 1．(2019·福建高三质检)“Alaya，my ________ (foot) forcing you.”Though I said I wasn't going to do it，to.Nobody is carried me toward the pool.
确定空格处应填名词。由常识可知应是我的双脚带着我朝由空格前的[feet 解析：my]
feetfoot一个池塘走去，故应填的复数形式。high-tech these )Now(2019·江西重点中学协作体联考．2，may (child) ________ have a
friend to help feel less alone.
] children。[由空格前的these确定空格处应填child的复数形式解析：children
more power in (woman) are starting to take 3．(2019·山西省实验中学模拟) ________ and more important positions in recent years.
]
作主语。are确定空格处应用woman的复数形式women解析：Women [由空格后的]
重点强化[ 种复数变化形式不规则名词的3 例词变化规则
spacecraft aircraft，Chinese，Swiss，，deersheep，means，series单复数同形， foot→feet，tooth→teeth，变内部元音 man→men，woman→women 媒体medium→media 现象外来名词 phenomenon→phenomena 分析analysis→analyses
派生出来的名词
]
实例体验[biggest Asia's millionaires，)Chengdu has dozens of new 末1．(2019·衡水期new hotels.But for tourists like me ，pandas building，and fancy are its top ________ (attract)．
解析：attraction [空格前有形容词和物主代词，因此要用名词形式。]
2．(2019·九江模拟)“The most efficient way is to decrease the local population
to reduce the ________ (possible) of causing harm to the heritage，”Wang said.
解析：possibility [前有定冠词the修饰，所以用名词形式。]
3．(2019·潍坊一模)The book gives a detailed ________ (explain) of the origin，the processing skills and the classification of bony fish.
解析：explanation [根据空格前的不定冠词a以及形容词detailed可知，空格处被不定冠词和形容词修饰，故用explain的名词形式。]
[重点强化]
运用构词法知识，掌握派生出来的名词
1．动词变名词的后缀
例词后缀．
correct→correction 改正celebrate→celebration 庆祝；庆祝
attract→attraction 吸
graduate→graduation 毕
-ionconclude→conclusion 结论；结-tiondiscuss→discussion 讨论；辩-siondecide→decision 决
-atioadmit→admission 接纳；准许入
invite→invitation 邀
explain→explanation 解
expect→expectation 期
drive→drive司机；驾驶
gather→gatherer 收集者；采集
-er/-oteach→teacher 老
announce→announcer 广播
conduct→conductor 指挥；售票
punish→punishmen惩
achieve→achievement 功绩；成
argue→argument 辩论；论-mentreat→treatment 对待；治
equip→equipment 装备；设
govern→government 政
appear→appearanc出现，外
guide→guidance 指引；指
-anceperform→performance 表演；节
exist→existence 存在，生-encprefer→preference 偏
refer→reference 参考；查
hear→hearin听力；听-inbegin→beginning 开
fail→failur失败；倒
-ure/-tpress→pressure 压re
depart→departure 离开；出
发．
mix→mixture 混合；混合物
recover→recover恢复；痊-discover→discovery 发
choose→choic选
其vary→variety 多样化；种
tend→tendency 趋向；趋
．形容词变名词的后
3．表示“人”的名词后缀
在某些形容词、名词或动词后面加后缀变成具有某种职业或动作的人。常见的表示“人”的后缀有：
者受训者，学员train→trainee 女演员 act→actress-ess host→hostess女主人政治家 politics→politicianmusic→musician音乐家 -ian 历史学家history→historian 科学家 science→scientistart→
artist艺术家 -ist 钢琴家piano→pianist参加participate→participantserve→servant 仆人
-ant 者 assist→assistant助手，图书管理员
语法项目(二)
冠词
]
[考纲解读·定方向的基本用法和固定搭和定冠词thea，an冠词是语法填空的常考点，经常考查不定冠词，后者the配。解答冠词类题目时，首先需要明确设空处是表示特指还是泛指，如果是前者用an。a还是则需要再判断用
如何确定冠词
解题如果空格后有名词(短语)而且二者搭配在一起表示泛指或特指含义，或者有序数词、攻略最高级、表示特指意义的比较级等形式，那么空格处一般是填冠词。
(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Corn production has 典 [分析] “over/in/during the
jumped nearly 125 percent over past/last 例＋时间段”为固定结构，特指过rice 25 yearswhile ，____________ past
去的多长时间里。1
has increased only 7 percent.
(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)As ____________ 例
a“结果”。故填try to make up for that something 。2
missing.
night )That (2020·温州六校协作体联考典[此处表示“这是一个如此令人难分析] she told me her son loved me.It was
例忘的时刻”。是以元unforgettable 空后such ____________ unforgettable 3
。an音音素开头的词，所以用冠词moment.
冠词的解题技法
冠词简约不简单，特指泛指需分辩
[实例体验]
1．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)This included digging up the road，laying the track and then building a strong roof over ________ top.
解析：the [由空格前的the road，the track顺承下来应该填the top。]
2．(2019·福州期末)In order to establish the strongest power，emperors planned
the city and arranged the residential areas.________center of the city Beijing was the royal palace—the Forbidden City.
解析：The [由center后的of the city Beijing确定对center进行了限定，故填定冠词the。] 3．(2020·西安模拟)Robert Bruce，leader of the Scots in ________ 13th century，was hiding in a cave from the English.
解析：the [在序数词前应加定冠词the。]
4．(2020·合肥第一次检测)Chinese brush calligraphy or “shufa” in Chinese is
one of ________ most important art forms in China.
一、本次知识点归纳：冠词是置于名词之前，对名词起限制作用的一种虚词。 二、重要知识点提示： 冠词分为不定冠词"a，an"、定冠词"the"和零冠词三种，零冠词指的是不用冠词的情况。 1、不定冠词的用法： 不定冠词表示泛指，定冠词表示特指不定冠词有"a和an"两种形式。"a"用在以辅音开头的词前，"an"用在以元音开头的词前。判断一个词是以元音开头还是以辅音开头，是根据读音而不是根据字母 1）. 用于可数名词的单数形式前，表示"一" 2）. 表示一类人和东西 3）. 用在作表语的单数可数名词前，表示身份、职业 2、定冠词的用法： 1）. 用以特指某（些）人或某（些）事物 2）. 用于指谈话双方都明确所指的人或事物 3）. 用以复述上文提过的人或事物（第一次提到用“a或an”，以后再次提到用“the”）4）. 用在序数词和形容词最高级前 5）. 表示世界上宇宙中独一无二的事物 6）. 指由普通名词构成的专有名词 7）. 表示方向、方位 8）. 在海洋、江河、湖泊、山脉、海峡、海湾等地理名词前 9）. 在姓氏复数前，表示一家人 10）. 和某些形容词连用，使形容词名词化，代表一类人或物 11）. 用在表示阶级、政党的名词前 12）. 在the more, the more比较级的句式中 13）. 表示演奏乐器时，乐器的前面要加the 14）. 某些固定的表达法in the morning 在早上 3、零冠词的用法 1）. 专有名词前一般不加冠词 2）. 月份、周日、节日前一般不加冠词 3）. 三餐、四季前一般不加冠词 4）. 进行球类运动
5）. 固定词组go to school 去上学go to bed 6）.三餐名词单独使用时，之前通常不加冠词 三、经典题训练过关： 一、用a,an,the或“/”填空 1.___ Washington is ___capital of ___United States of America. 2.There is ___”A” on his paper. 3. I ate ___apple .It’s ___red apple. 4._____ tall man over there is my boss. 5.____ earth moves around___ _sun. 6.No news is ________good news. 7.Have you visited________ Great Wall? 8.They often play______ football after school. 9.Children need ________ love and_______ attention. 10.Are there any birds in______sky? 11．There is _______ picture of _______ elephant on _______ wall． 12．This is _______ useful book．I've read it for _______ hour． 13．_______ elephant is much heavier than _______ horse． 14．_______ doctor told him to take _______ medicine three times _______ day．15．Let's go out for _______ walk． 16. This is _______egg. It?s _______small egg 17．Iim has_______ big head. 18．Who is_______ girl in green? 19．--Do you have_______ knife? --Yes, I do. I only have_______ small one. 二、选择 1. —Does Jim have _______ ruler？—Yes，he has _______ . A. an；some B. a；one C. a；／ D. any；one 2. There is _______ old bike. _______ old bike is Mr. Zhao’s.
第一集语法填空核心考点考点突破 ——冠词——与名词共生共存 【考向聚焦】 冠词是虚词，本身不能单独使用，也没有词义，常放在名词前面帮助说明名词的含义。冠词分为不定冠词a，an和定冠词the两种。纵观近三年高考题可知，冠词一直是必考内容。其考查的重点主要有：冠词的基本用法；在固定结构中和具体语境中的用法；冠词的特殊用法；冠词在句子中的位置。对应学生用书P1 用适当的冠词填空 1．(2013?福建，21) The “Chinese Dream” is ________ dream to improve people's wellbeing and ________ dream of harmony，peace and development. 解析考查冠词。根据句意，中国梦是一个……的梦和一个……的梦，可知，两空都用不定冠词a。 答案a；a 2．(2013?江西，32)Animals are obviously ________ lower form of life than ________ man. 解析考查冠词。第一空表示“一种生命的形式”；第二空man表“人类”，不用冠词。 答案a；不填 3．(2013?山东，22)It was________cold winter night and the moon was shining brightly across________night sky. 解析考查冠词用法。第一空“一个寒冷的冬夜”，应用不定冠词a；第二空“夜
空”，指独一无二的事物用定冠词the。 答案a；the 4．(2013?江西，19)Marco Polo is said to have sailed on ________ Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in ________ thirteenth century. 解析考查冠词。第一空指独一无二的事物用the；第二空为固定短语，表示在多少世纪“in the－th century”，需加定冠词。 答案the；the 5．(2013?浙江，15)People develop ________ preference for a particular style of learning at ________ early age and these preferences affect learning. 解析考查冠词。短语a preference for...意为“对……的偏好”；at an early age 意为“在年纪很小时”，故均填不定冠词。 答案a；an 6．(2013?重庆，32)The parents were shocked by ________ news that their son needed ________ operation on his knee. 解析考查冠词。第一空news后带有that引导的同位语从句，故应该特指；第二空译为“他们的儿子需要做一个手术”，使用不定冠词。 答案the；an 7．(2012?新课标全国)Sarah looked at ________ finished painting with ________ satisfaction. 解析考查冠词的用法。句意：Sarah满意地看着那幅完工的油画。根据painting 前的修饰成分finished可知是特指那幅画；后一个空格后的satisfaction是抽象名词并且表示泛指，不用冠词。
英语冠词用法总结(完整) 一、单项选择冠词 1．An engineer has designed _______ robot that can work in _______ deep sea to clean waste. A．a; the B．a; a C．/; the D．the; / 【答案】A 【解析】 这题考查冠词;第一空填a，泛指“一个机器人”，第二空填the，特指“在深海”，句意是：一个工程师发明的一个机器人可以在深海工作清除废物的。选A。 2．Mr. Brown, ______ chairman of the trade union, will visit our factory in _____ month of May. A．/; the B．a; the C．the; / D．the; the 【答案】A 【解析】 这题冠词的用法：第一空不填，因为chairman是职位，第二空填the，是特指5月。选A。 3．----- Do you go to ______ church every Sunday? ----- Yes. I believe _______God blesses me all _____ time. A．the;/; the B．/ ; /; / C．a; /; the D．/; /; the 【答案】D 【解析】 考查冠词，第一空不填，表示go to church“去教堂”，第二空不填，上帝前面不加冠词，第三空填the，all the time“一直”，句意是：|你每个星期天做礼拜吗？|是的，我相信上帝会一直保佑我的。选D。 4．_______ meeting held last night was _________ great success. A．A; a B．A ; / C．The ; a D．The ; / 【答案】C 【解析】 考查冠词。The meeting为特指昨天晚上举行的会议；success作为成功的人或事，为可数名词，选C。 5．What ________ wonderful time we had at ________ Smiths’ then! A．a; 不填B．a; the C．不填；the D．the; the 【答案】B 【解析】 句意：那时我们在史密斯家有一段多么美好的日子呀！第一空：time 在这指日子，时期。是可数名词所以用a,第二空：the+ Smiths,指史密斯一家，所以选B。
高考英语必考点：考点妙解名词 典型例题 纵观近几年全国、上海、北京等地的高考试题，对名词的考查往往涉及名词作定语(如：He dropped the coffee cup and broke it.)，抽象名词具体化(如：WhataPleasantsurprisehegaveus!)，区分可数名词和不可数名词，根据句意选择适当的名词，某个名词在不同场合下的具体意义和一些名词构成的固定搭配。 一般来说名词主要考查： 1．可数名词复数构成的规则及不规则变化。 2．可数名词和不可数名词的判断与用法——对比。 3．名词的所有格，包括’s所有格，…of…所有格和双重所有格的用法。 4．名词作定语和名词构成的习语及用法等。 5．名词的词义辨析。 应试同分瓶颈 纵观历年来高考对名词的考查，主要体现为一个“活”字。因此要求考生平时加强关于名词基础知识的学习，如：名词的数、名词的所有格、主谓一致及一些有关名词的固定搭配。通过对比、归纳、总结等方法，记忆、理解部分知识，并将名词常考知识点梳理清楚。另外在做题时灵活使用所学的基础知识，把握重点、难点，认真审题，依据具体的语境进行分析判断。 近几年的高考题对名词的考查一般集中在名词的辨析上。所以在学习中要注意名词在特定语境中的正确使用和细微差别，另外还要注意名词和动词的搭配用法。抽象名词的具体化也应该引起重视。surprise不可数表示“惊奇”，可数为“令人惊奇的事情”；shame不可数为“羞愧”，可数为“令人羞愧的事”，除此之外还有：honour，failure，success，pleasure，pity等。 ◎命题点1 名词的数 ◎命题点2 名词的所有格及名词作定语 命题点1 名词的数 本类考题解答锦囊 名词有数的区分。在英语中名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词有单复数形式，不可数名词没有复数形式。有些名词既可以是可数名词，也可以是不可数名词，但所表达的意义不同。我们在应试时要考虑以下几点：
冠词的定义冠词的用法——冠词，是用来表示名词特性的一种词，它表示名词可数不可数、单数复数、任何一个还是特定的一个等。也就是说，冠词与名词是紧密连在一起的。如果用了a /an /the，不管后面是什么词，都变成了名词。所以，冠词就是放在名词前面的一种词。 使用冠词有三种基本情况： 1、用a / an a / an 用在单数可数名词前面，表示这个人或事物是泛指的不确定的一个，相当于中文的“一个”。注意：可数的单数名词前，必须要用a / an 或the. 我们不能说 boy, desk, dog，而必须说a boy / the boy. a 用在读音为辅音开头的名词之前, 而an 用在读音为元音开头的名词之前。注意：这里指的是“读音”，而不仅仅指字母。例如： a university 一所大学(虽然u 是元音字母，但不读元音。) an hour 一个小时(虽然h 不是元音，但单词读音是元音开头) 另外，a / an 也可用在不可数名词前面，这时，这个不可数名词就变成了可数的单数名词，意义上也有变化。例如： glass 玻璃, a glass 一只玻璃杯/ wood 木头, a wood 一片树林 power威力, a power大国/ beauty 美丽, a beauty美人, 美的事物 2、用the the 相当于this/that 或these / those，总的用法是表示特定的人或事物。the 的用
法最广，不管是可数还是不可数，不管是单数还是复数，都可以用the. 具体用法见下面的讲解。． 3、不用冠词 有的时候，名词前面不用任何冠词，没有a / an / the. 有的书上称为零冠词一.a和an的区别 不定冠词有a和an两种形式，a用于辅音(不是辅音字母)开头的词前，an用于元音(不是元音字母)开头的词前。 例如：a boy, a university, a European country; an hour, an honor, an island, an elephant, an umbrella, an honest man ,a useful book 不看字母看读音,不见原因(元音)别施恩(n) 二.不定冠词的用法 1.泛指某一类人、事或物；相当于any，这是不定冠词a/an的基本用法。 A horst is an animal 2.泛指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物。 A girl is waiting for you. 3.表示数量，有“一”的意思，但数的概念没有one强烈。 I have a computer. 4.表示“每一”，相当于every. 我一周上五天课。I go to school five days a week. 5.用在序数词前，表示“又一”，“再一”。 I have three books. I want to buy a fourth one. 6.用在某些固定词组中： a lot(of), after a while ,a few ,a little ,at a time ,have a swim ,have a cold ,in a hurry 三.定冠词的用法 1.特指某(些)人或某(些)物，这是定冠词的基本用法。
高考英语冠词练习题及答案 高考英语对冠词的考查几乎每年都有一道题，而且都设两空，以增加覆盖面和难度。考生在冠词试题上失分较多，主要是缺乏语感，对一些知识点掌握不够透彻。高考英语冠词主要考查其基本用法，包括定冠词与不定冠词的区别用法、名词前省略冠词的场合、特指与泛指的区分以及习语中冠词的用法等。以下搜集整理的，供大家学习参考： 考点一、考查不定冠词a / an表示个别或泛指的用法 1. How about taking_____short break？I want to make_____cal l. A. the；a B. a；the C. the；the D. a；a 「解析」答案为D.take a short break“休息一会儿”，make a call“打一个电话”。 2. Christmas is_____special holiday when_____whole family are supposed to get together. A. the；the B. a；a C. the；a D. a；the 「解析」答案为D.a special holiday指“某一个特别的节日”；the whole family为特指。 考点二、考查定冠词the特指某一个人或事物的用法 1. I looked under_____bed and found____ books I lost last week. A. the；a B. the；the C. 不填；the D. the；不填 「解析」答案为B.此题中的the bed和the books都为特指。the bed 指“所看的床”；the books指“所丢的书”。 2. I like_____color of your skirt. It is____ good match for your blouse. A. a；the B. a；a C. the； a D. the；the 「解析」答案为C. the color指“你衬衫的颜色”；a good match泛指“和你的外套相配的一种好颜色”。 考点三、考查不定冠词及零冠词的习惯搭配 1. George couldn‘t remember when he first met Mr. Ande rson，but he was sure it was____ Sunday because everybody was at____ church. A. /；the B. the；/ C. a；/ D. /；a 「解析」答案为C.a Sunday泛指某一个星期天；at church为固定搭配，不用冠词，意为“在做礼拜”。 2. Many people have come to realize that they should go on_____balanced diet and make___room in their day for exercise. A. a；/ B. the；a C. the；the D. /；a 「解析」答案为A.a balanced diet泛指“一种平衡的饮食”；make room为固定搭配，意为“腾出空间”。 考点四、考查不定冠词在具体化的抽象名词前的用法 1. —How about_____Christmas evening party？ —I should say it was_____success. A. a；a B. the；a C. a；不填 D. the；不填 「解析」答案为B.the Christmas evening party为特指刚结束的圣诞晚会；a success考查抽象名词具体化时的不定冠词用法。success 原为抽象名词，不可数，但在此处已经完全具体化而变为可数名词。题中a success意为“一次成功的晚会”。当抽象名词表示具有某种特性、状态、情感、情绪的人和事时，这个抽象名词已经变为可数名词，再如What a pleasant surprise you gave us！意为“你真的给我们带来了惊喜”。 「精选试题」名校模拟题及其答案 1（盐城中学高一年级12月份阶段考试，21）We‘ll be traveling by ________ camel across the desert before we go to ________university. A. /；the B. the；/ C. /；/ D. the；a 2（沈阳二中2008—2009学年度上学期12月月考，8）Richard Powers‘ The Echo Mak er，____ novel set in ___ small t own of Kearney，Nebraska，US，has won the 57th US National Book Award for fiction. A. the；the B. a；a； C. a；the D. /；the 3（辽宁省营口市08-09学年普通高中高二上学期期末质量检测，1）He is in ____ control of the company. I mean，the company
高考英语名词知识点专项训练解析含答案(2) 一、选择题 1．Finding the ________ to this problem is no easy task . A．relaxation B．imagination C．invention D．solution 2．He stood at the water’s ____________ and looked across the lake. A．edge B．course C．exit 3．I suggest you apply for membership. Members can get a 15% ____________. A．discount B．dictation C．favor 4．One of the Disney cartoon characters, Donald Duck, is always quick to find ____ with others and brings laugher to people of all ages. A．mistake B．error C．blame D．fault 5．Anyone who is in ________ of weapons without permission is considered law-breaking. A．command B．control C．charge D．possession 6．If you want to get a good ___________, you’d better stand on the top of the hill. A．sight B．scene C．look D．view 7．The worker was satisfied with his boss because he was offered a good . A．salary B．price C．service D．reason 8．Be sure to read the ______ in the guidebook before you begin to use the new computer. A．instructions B．solution C．descriptions D．message 9．Timoteo has an unusual job — he is a human traffic _________. A．sign B．signal C．mark D．symbol 10．It’s her ________ of time to medical research that helped Tu Youyou win the Nobel Prize. A．supply B．respect C．devotion D．arrangement 11．The building under _____for stay-at-home children will be completed in March A．contribution B．construction C．coincidence D．composition 12．Lao Gan Ma is the best chilli sauce in China. The company built up its________by constantly providing high-quality products at a relatively low price. A．reputation B．campaign C．appetite D．occupation 13．Hawking owned a brilliant intellect with a deep ____ for humanity, which enabled him to overcome his terrible disease and become a famous scientist. A．aid B．concern C．glory D．basis 14．American English has so many_________because the American people have come from all over the world. A．grammar B．vocabulary C．pronunciations D．dialects 15．The report at the conference analyses in detail why a new legal is needed to better protect the environment. A．currency B．framework C．allowance D．occupation 16．He has been spreading false stories in a(n)____________to smear(诽谤)us. A．attempt B．programme C．intention D．dream
高考英语名词知识点专项训练及答案(1) 一、选择题 1．He has been spreading false stories in a(n)____________to smear(诽谤)us. A．attempt B．programme C．intention D．dream 2．Lao Gan Ma is the best chilli sauce in China. The company built up its________by constantly providing high-quality products at a relatively low price. A．reputation B．campaign C．appetite D．occupation 3．He stood at the water’s ____________ and looked across the lake. A．edge B．course C．exit 4．Many scientists have believed that there may be a ______ of life on the Mars. A．signal B．sign C．mark D．sigh 5．Since 1949, the people’s living standard ____, causing a big ____ in population. A．has been raised; rise B．has been risen; raise C．has raised; rise D．has raised; rose 6．Enough of it! Nobody here thinks what you are saying should make any ________. A．excuse B．sense C．use D．value 7．The practice of hanging flags is a common _______ in many parts of the country on National Day. A．sight B．scenery C．sign D．signal 8．All children should be encouraged to realize their full __________. A．impact B．recognition C．potential D．program 9．Charles Darwin explained the ________ of species on earth in his book that came out in1859. A．ancestor B．origin C．belief D．custom 10．Mr. Li Jiacheng is considered one of the most successful businessmen in the world. And, he regards himself as the ________ of the times. A．instructor B．expert C．favorite D．admirer 11．The report at the conference analyses in detail why a new legal is needed to better protect the environment. A．currency B．framework C．allowance D．occupation 12．The _____on his face suggested that he was extremely angry. A．impression B．sight C．appearance D．expression 13．During the early ____________of planetary evolution, they served to sweep the solar system. A．stages B．journeys C．species D．demands 14．He wins the Nobel Prize for his outstanding _________to physics. A．contribution B．conclusion C．addition D．explanation 15．With the COVID-19 ______ quickly around the globe, the whole world are in a(n) ______ of shock. A．gathering, condition B．spreading, state C．to spread, approach D．to gather, style 16．President Donald Trump's first state dinner excluded Democratic members of Congress and the media, which was criticized by many as a(n) _________ from tradition.
冠词的用法 一）冠词的定义: 冠词是置于名词之前，对名词起限制作用的一种虚词。二) 冠词的分类: 冠词分为不定冠词"a，an"、定冠词"the"和零冠词三种，零冠词指的是不用冠词的情况。 1、不定冠词的用法： 不定冠词表示泛指，定冠词表示特指 不定冠词有"a和an"两种形式。"a"用在以辅音开头的词前，"an" 用在以元音开头的词前。判断一个词是以元音开头还是以辅音开头，是根据读音而不是根据字母。 1）. 用于可数名词的单数形式前，表示"一" There is a tiger in the zoo. 动物园里有一只老虎。2）. 表示一类人和东西 A tiger can be dangerous. 老虎可能有危害性。 3）. 用在作表语的单数可数名词前，表示身份、职业My mother is a teacher. 我妈妈是教师。 2、定冠词的用法： 1）. 用以特指某（些）人或某（些）事物 This is the house where Luxun once lived. 这是鲁迅曾经住过的房子。 2）. 用于指谈话双方都明确所指的人或事物 Open the door, please. 请把门打开。 第1页/共9页
3）. 用以复述上文提过的人或事物（第一次提到用“a或an”，以后再次 提到用“the”） Once there lived a lion in the forest. Every day the lion asked small animals to look for food for him. 从前森林里住着一只狮子。每天这只狮子要小动物们为他寻找食物。 4）. 用在序数词和形容词最高级前 January is the first month of the year. 一月份是一年当中的第一个月。 Shanghai is the biggest city in China. 上海是中国最大的城市。 5）. 表示世界上宇宙中独一无二的事物 the sun 太阳the moon 月the earth 地球 the sky 天空the world 世界 6）. 指由普通名词构成的专有名词 the West Lake 西湖the Great Wall 长城 the United States 美国the United Nations 联合国7）. 表示方向、方位 in the east 在东方in the west 在西方 in the front 在前面at the back 在后面 第2页/共9页
高考英语名词知识点难题汇编及解析(1) 一、选择题 1．Being a soldier, he has a strong sense of ________. A．desire B．discipline C．force D．privacy 2．It's difficult to guess what his ______ to the news would be. A．reaction B．opinion C．comment D．impression 3．Lulu grew up in the ____________ of her high-performing sister, Sophia. A．protection B．gesture C．shadow 4．One of the Disney cartoon characters, Donald Duck, is always quick to find ____ with others and brings laugher to people of all ages. A．mistake B．error C．blame D．fault 5．Be sure to read the ______ in the guidebook before you begin to use the new computer. A．instructions B．solution C．descriptions D．message 6．—I couldn’t tell Jack from his twin brother. —Me too, and there is no obvious________between them. A．contribution B．distinction C．promotion D．expression 7．—In spring, hens start laying eggs again, bringing a welcome source of protein. —It is ____ that lots of cultures celebrate spring by honoring the egg! A．no doubt B．no surprise C．no way D．no need 8．This unjust _______ of people on the basis of skin color was challenged. A．determination B．adaptation C．separation D．submission 9．It’s her ________ of time to medical research that helped Tu Youyou win the Nobel Prize. A．supply B．respect C．devotion D．arrangement 10．I practiced a lot in the training center so that I could pass the driving test at my first __________. A．attempt B．experiment C．flight D．glance 11．To everyone's surprise, the three-year-old boy recited Three-Character Canon without making a single . A．slide B．slip C．sneeze D．squeeze 12．As we all know, there is a close ______ between diet and health. A．connection B．evidence C．power D．belief 13．Finding the ________ to this problem is no easy task . A．relaxation B．imagination C．invention D．solution 14．Poverty alleviation is a high priority of our country and has been put on the top of________at two sessions. A．agenda B．subject C．directory D．seminar 15．—Why do you choose to work in an international travel agency? —Well, you know, English is my ________. So it is my best choice. A．strength B．talent
小学英语冠词练习 基础训练 I.在横线上填上a或an,不需要填的地方画上“\” Ink bottle orange bag English boy Red coat nice girl art lesson Beautiful girl long river honest boy II. 用冠词a, an, the 填空。 1.T his is old man. 2.I can play violin very well. 3.D o you know boy in black? 4.S he has interesting hobby. 5.T hat is useful book. III.按需填入the,不需要的地方划“\” 1.What colour is your dress? It’s white. 2.This is Jack’s pen. That is my pen. 3.Is ice cold? Yes,it is. 4.They are pupils of this school.They are in Class One
5.It’s a fine day. We can see sun in the shy. 6.There is an orange on table. 7.We go to school in morning. 8.This is Huangpu Park. It’s near Huangpu River. 9.We like sports. We like playing football best. 10.They go to Summer Palace on Saturday. IV. 单项选择: 1. 上学 A. go to school B. go to the school C. go to a school 2. 住院 A. in the hospital B. in a hospital C. in hospital 3. 此刻 A. at the moment B. at a moment C. at moment 4. 在课堂上 A. in class B. in a class C. in the class 5. 在地球上 A. on earth B. on an earth C. on the earth 6. 步行 A. on foot B. on the foot C. on feet 7. 吃饭 A. at a table B. at the table C. at table 8. 乘公共汽车 A. take bus B. by bus C. by the bus 9. 在家 A. at the home B. at a home C. at home 10. 在工作 A. at work B. at the work C. at works
高考英语名词考点及训练题。 名词 (一)考纲要求 名词应掌握以下内容：分清名词的可数性与不可数性;可数名词有单复数，有些名词只有复数;物质名词、抽象名词不可数但可以具体量化使用;名词所有格和of格的语言现象;名词直接作定语;国家名词的正确使用;名词词义的区分和搭配;单位名词的搭配;名词前的修饰语so, as, quite等;time及常考点。 (二)命题导向
名词的“可数”与“不可数”是高考命题的热点之一。不可数名词前不能与不定冠词连用，之后不能加-s。有些抽象名词却有复数形式，但意义与原来词不同。有些可数名词复数有两个意思，一个与单数意义相同，另一个和单数含义不同，高考中这些含义很可能成为考查的内容。词语的固定搭配及名词作定语也是高考命题的注意点。 (三)知识概要 英语的名词分为专有名词和普通名词两大类。专有名词是指个人、团体、地方、机构或事物等所专有的名称，它的第一个字母必须大写。如：Einstain, Beijing, Asia等。普通名词是指一类人、一类事物、某种物质抽象概念的名称，可分为：个体名词(可数，如：worker, father, book, tree, school等);集体名词(可数，如：people, family, class, team等);物质名词(不可数，如：iron, paper, snow, water, chalk, gold等);抽象名词(不可数，如：life, thought, idea, strength 等)。 注意：可数、不可数是英文名词和中文名词的一个重要差异——即学习的重点。而很多英语名词具有双重性。即，名词的类别不是