应用文写作
第一讲: 便条写作与训练
一、非正式便条写作
便条写作包括：日期，称呼，正文，结束语及签名。
日期：日期写在右上角，在年份与月日之间必须用逗号隔开，月日不用逗号隔开。例如：\ Jan. 1, 2003 \ Feb. 1\ March 9\April 9\May 9\June 9\July 9\Aug.9\Oct. 9\Nov. 9\Dec. 9
称呼：左边顶格写起并自成一行，称呼后需要加标点，英国人习惯用逗号，美国人习惯用冒号。
Dear Mr. Smith,
Dear Sir or Madam, /Dear Sirs, /Dear Sir, /Dear Madame,
Dear Smith,
Dear Mrs. Smith, / Dear Miss Smith,
正文：交待清楚所要求表达的内容。
结束语：在正文结束前，通常需要采用结束语，告知对方信的正文部分已经写完。结束语应另起一段，缩进四个字符。
常用的结束语有：
1. Awaiting your good news.
2. Looking forward to your early reply.
3. Hoping to hear from you soon.
4. We wait your good news.
5. I hope to hear from you very soon.
6. We look forward to your reply at your earliest convenience.
7. I look forward to our next meeting there in Los Angeles.
8. Your early reply will be highly appreciated.
9. The help you give me is sincerely valued.
10. I hope everything will be well with you.
11. Please let us know if you want more information.
12. I hope you always enjoy yourself.
13. I wish you every success in the coming year.
14. Please remember me to your family.
15. With best regards to your family.
16. All the best.
17. With love and good wishes.
Complimentary closings:便条所必备的部分。要求另起一行，位置位于右下角。后面用逗号。Sincerely yours,
Cordially yours,
Yours,
Cordially,
Sincerely,
署名：另起一行，位置位于右下角。署名后没有任何标点符号。
二、便条写法归类：
1．致歉：
2．邀请／接受／谢绝邀请：
3．祝贺：
4．通知／启事：
5．馈赠：
6．慰问：
7．留言：
8．询问情况：
三、造成错误的原因:
1．不写日期或日期格式不对，很多学生习惯将它写在右下方。
2．署名后不应该有任何标点符号，而很多学生习惯点上句号。
3．结束语与署名写在一行。
4．Yours写成Your
5．结束语后不加逗号
6．语言不得体，比如，对于很随便的情景，使用很正式的句子结构和用词。
第一节邀请、接受邀请或谢绝邀请
一、邀请
注意事项：邀请便条一定要讲清楚邀请事由、赴邀的具体时间和地点，有时还需讲清楚被邀请的人数、姓名或与邀请者的关系，必要时还要交待附约的注意事项等等。
范例：
May 10 Dear John,
Our class is planning a dinner party to celebrate the twentieth anniversary of Professor Wang Ming’s teaching at Xingfu Hotel.It’s next Saturday, May 15th, at six o’clock. Most of our classmates have promised to show up, and we want you to come. Please remember to bring your video camera to the party. We do hope you can make it.
Yours,
David 二、接受邀请
注意事项：在回复中要重复邀请信中的部分具体内容，如几月几日、星期几、几点钟、什么地方等等。在明确表示接受邀请后，应对邀请表示感谢，或对即将举行的活动表示良好祝愿。范例：
May 11 Dear David,
Thank you very much for your invitation. It will be great pleasure for me to come to your dinner party on Saturday, May fifteenth, at six o’clock, at Xingfu Hotel. Professor Wang Ming is much respected by all of us and I shall be glad to attend such a party in his honor. Of course, I’ll take my video camera with me to record the memorable moment.
Thank you for thinking of me.
Yours,
John
三、谢绝邀请
注意事项：尽可能说明你违约的原因以使谢绝得体、礼貌。同时也应对邀请表示感谢，或对即将举行的活动表示良好祝愿。
May 11 Dear Catherine,
Thank you very much for your invitation to your twentieth birthday party at next Friday night.
I do hope I could go to your party, but I’m sorry to say I really can’t make it this time. I have promised my sister Rose to go to Shanghai to visit my uncle next Friday, and I can’t be back until next Sunday. But anyway, I’m sure to call you and wish you happy birthday at that time. Do have good fun then.
My best wishes to your parents.
Yours,
Jane 四、本部分常用表达法
(一)邀请用语
1) We are/ I am planning a tea party /dinner party/ birthday party to celebrate….on…at…
2) I am having some very special friends in my place for dinner/ tea/coffee…
3) I have four seats /tickets for the new play /film…this…on…at…
4) Will you come and have dinner with us on…at…?
5) I hope you can come/make it.
6) The party wouldn’t be complete without you/ your presence.
7) I’ll be looking forward to meet you on…at…
8) Don’t di sappoint me/us!
9) If you have no other plans for…, will you join my dinner party?
10) Do come to my place if you are free.
（二）接受邀请用语
1)I will be delighted to join you in the party on…at…
2)I am looking forward with great pleasure to seeing you…
3)Thanks for asking me…
4)I am certainly looking forward to next Thursday…
5)Of course I’ll be there on…at…
6)Delighted! I’ll be there Friday at…
7)Thank you for thinking of me. It will be my great pleasure to come to…
8)I shall be happy to accept your invitation and would be at…
9)I will certainly like to join you…
10)How could I even think of turning down your kind invitation? Of course, I will…
（三）谢绝邀请用语
1)It is very kind of you to invite time to…but I must regretfully write that…
2)I do appreciate your invitation, but, unfortunately, I will be busy with…at that time.
3)I just can’t tell you how sorry I am that I cannot make it.
4)I’d love to go…unfortunately I already have an engagement for that evening.
5)Thanks for asking me, and I’m certainly sorry I can’t say “yes”!
6)Thanks you for thinking of me, and I do hope you will give me the opportunity to say “yes”
some other time.
7)What a shame! I won’t be able to come to your tea party on…because that’s the day I am
having…with me at my place.
8)I wish I could accept your invitation for Thursday night! But unfortunately I am leaving on a
business trip…
9)I’m sorry I can’t come to your supper Sunday night! I do hate to miss any of your parties…
10)It was thoughtful of you to invite me, and I’m extremely sorry I can’t accept. I do hope you
will ask me again some time!
第二节致谢
一、感谢礼品
注意事项：不能笼统指代某某礼物，如”Thanks for the beautiful gift you gave me that day…”, 而应该写“Thanks for the beautiful pen…you gave me on Dec. 19th…”另外还可以描述它是何等好看、非常有用，或者称赞送礼者挑选礼物独具慧眼。
May 10 Dear John,
When you left a package for me yesterday, I couldn’t wait to open it on my birthday.
I don’t know how to thank you for such a beautiful pen. I had been longing for such a pen for quite some time. And it will give me pleasure for a long time to come.
Please accept my sincere thanks and best wishes.
Cordially,
David
（二）借用别人东西后表示感谢
注意事项：便条要提及此东西给你带来的方便与好处以及感谢物主的慷慨大方。
Dec. 14 Dear John,
Thank you so much for your wonderful novel Jane Eyre. It’s such a beautiful story that I read it through without stopping. I did enjoy every minute of reading it. Since you are not in, I’m returning it to you via your mother. Please check it and see if there’s anything wrong.
All my best wishes!
Yours,
David （三）感谢款待
注意事项：便条要提及受到款待的具体时间，最好能提及一两件让你和主人能回味起共同生活在一起的具体事件。
May 10 Dear John,
I am writing to tell you how grateful I am for all you did for me during my stay in your home last weekend. That’s a delightful stay.
Your home is wonderful, your meals delicious, and your little dog lovely, and I enjoyed the fun and companionship. I am still thinking about it and enjoying it in retrospect.
Many thanks again for your warm hospitality.
Sincerely,
David （四）感谢照顾与推荐
May 10
Dear Professor Green,
Many thanks for the great favor you did me, and the kind interest you took in me. I am glad to inform you that by your invaluable recommendation, I have obtained the position I applied for.
I shall exert my best efforts in performing my duties, and try to be worthy of your assistance.
My best regards.
Respectfully yours,
David
（五）感谢生病期间受到的慰问
June 14 Dear Mary and John,
Thank you both for the beautiful flowers and interesting books you brought to me last Monday—and most of all, for the cheerful notes. They mean cheerful spirit for me.
Now I’m recovering quickly and I’m going back to the school soon. How I miss you and all the classmates!
Best wishes.
Yours,
David （六）感谢别人的祝贺信或卡片
July 20
Dear John,
Thank you very much for your note of congratulation on my winning the first prize in English Speaking Contest. When I received your note last Sunday, July 18, I was much flattered by your warm and encouraging words.
Thank you so much for your good wishes!
Cordially yours,
David
二、常用表达法
（一）一般致谢用语
1)Thank you very much /ever so much /most sincerely/ indeed / from the bottom of my heart.
2)Many thanks for your kind and warm words of congratulation.
3)Please accept my sincere /grateful / profound appreciation / thanks for…
4)I am writing to express my sincere / grateful / profound appreciation / thanks for…
5)Your note is so much fun / comfort / encouraging…
6)It was nice / kind / thoughtful / considerate of you…
（二）感谢送礼品用语
1)As soon as I opened the package you left me, I felt that I must write this note to tell you…
2)I just wish you could have seen how delighted I was the moment I received your…
3)You were kind to send me the gift…
4)Your lovely gift…came this morning…
5)You must be a mind reader to give me such a long-dreamed gift…
6)I am so grateful to you for your gift…
7)How very sweet of you to send me such a beautiful photo album!
（三）感谢招待用语
1)I don’t know when I have had such a delightful / pleasant / memorable / enjoyable weekend as
the one…
2)This is to thank you again for your wonderful hospitality and to tell you how much I’ve
enjoyed staying with your family on…
3)Thank you for one of the most enjoyable visits we have had in many months.
4)Thank you for one of the most memorable days of my trip.
5)Thank you for doing so much to make my trip to Beijing…interesting / pleasant / fruitful.
6)You must give me the chance to return your kindness when you visit here.
7)Thank you for a delightful stay. Your home is lovely…
8)This is to tell you how very much I enjoyed the weekend at your farm. Everything was just
perfect.
（四）感谢祝贺用语
1)I appreciate very much your congratulations.
2)Your note of congratulations is deeply appreciated.
3)Your words of congratulations give me a great deal of pleasure.
4)I really appreciate your kind words.
5)You just cant’ imagine how excited I was when I received that beautiful birthday card from
you.
6)I am flattered that you have remembered exactly my birthday.
7)When I received your congratulating note last Sunday, July 18, I was much flattered by your
warm and encouraging words.
第三节祝贺
注意事项：要清楚地提到祝贺的事由，写信人得知这一喜讯的心情以及衷心的祝贺等。一、祝贺生日
Feb. 20
Dear Shelly,
May I join your many friends in wishing you a happy birthday? I have held dear your friendship during the last ten years and I look forward to enjoying it for all my life.
Happy birthday and all my best wishes!
Yours,
David
二、祝贺晋升
Feb. 20
Dear Jack,
Congratulations. I’m delighted to hear that you were recently appointed Chairman of the Students Union.
I believe you are the best one for the post; I also believe you are sure to display your outstanding abilities in the coming days.
My heartiest congratulations!
Sincerely yours,
David
三、祝贺获得荣誉或成功
注意事项：最好提及被祝贺人在竞赛、演出中的优秀表现以显真挚。
March 10
Dear Catherine,
Congratulations on your successful performance last night! Everybody here is talking about your brilliant piano recital.
All the audience believed that Techaikovsky Concerto you played was simply superb. I just can’t tell you how much I enjoyed it!
Sincerely yours,
David
四、常用表达法
1)What exciting / wonderful / thrilling /happy news!
2)It’s the most joyful news I have heard for a long time.
3)Congratulations! / Heartiest congratulations! / Warm/ sincere congratulations…
4)Congratulations on your…
5)I am delighted to learn that…
6)I wish you increasing happiness as the years go by…
7)I wish you all the happiness in the world.
8)You’re the luckiest guy in the world!
9)Merry Christmas! / Happy New Year! / Happy Thanksgiving!
10)Happy birthday and best wishes in the years to come.
11)The promotion you have received is well deserved.
12)It was a great triumph / brilliant speech / a splendid performance.
13)How I admire your success / achievement / triumph / ingenuity!
14)It’s an exciting moment when I heard you were appointed / selected / chosen head of the
association / organization.
15)It’s a well-deserved recognition of your excellent work / accomplishment / leadership/
achievements in the field.
第四节慰问
一、慰问病人
便条可以提及最近发生的一些小事，或者是病人所在单位、学校的新闻，或者关于其他朋友的消息。
May 10
Dear Joe,
Mary and I are extremely sorry to hear of your illness. I hope by the time this note reaches you, you’ll be feeling a great deal better. Together with the note, we’re sending your some flowers and books which we hope you will enjoy.
By the way, Mary and I are postponing the hiking we had planned before you fell ill until you can join us.
With best wishes for your quick and complete return to health.
Sincerely yours,
David
二、慰问受伤的朋友
注意事项：内容要尽量简短，表达你的难过心情，以及希望他（她）早日痊愈，无需问及友人的受伤原因、过程或细节。
May 6
Dear Tom,
I just can’t tell you how shocked I was to learn of your accident. Your family tells me that you are recovering rapidly, and that you’ll be out of the hospital next week. I hope you will like the flowers and books I send you. They may help you pass the time more pleasantly.
With every good wish for your swift recovery.
Sincerely yours,
Jim
三、慰问不顺心的朋友
注意事项：内容主要是慰问或鼓励，不涉及不顺心的事情的原因、过程或细节。
Sep. 21
Dear Joe,
I was sorry to learn that you had not been successful in the examination. Although I’m sending you my sympathy, I feel you ought not to be unduly distressed at the result. I’m confident that you will succeed in the make-up examination next week.
My kindest regards and best wishes.
Sincerely yours,
Mary
四、常用表达法
1)We are hoping for your quick return to health / early recovery / rapid recovery.
2)All of us are waiting for your early return.
3)We expect to see you back soon.
4)I hope you will soon regain your health in a few days.
5)I’m sure it won’t be long before you’re back on your feet again.
6)Rose joins me in sending best wishes for your speedy recovery.
7)Best wishes for your quick and complete return to health.
8)I’m sure that it won’t be long before you are entirely and completely yourself again.
9)I’m delighted to hear about your fine progress. Keep it up.
第五节致歉
道歉时应讲清楚道歉事由、给对方带来的不方便或损失、自己的内疚心情以及自己的补救方式。
一、因取消邀请而向应邀者致歉
Jan. 18
Dear Rose,
I’m so sorry to have to write this note to you! I have to put off the tea-party invitation for Tuesday, Jan. 20, because my boss wants me to go to Shanghai for business at that exact day. What a mess!
I hope you can forgive me for this change of plan. I will notify you of the exact date of the tea party after I come back.
Sincerely yours,
Catherine
二、应邀人违约而向邀请人致歉
Feb. 18
Dear Jack,
Please forgive me for my failing to attend your birthday party last night. Yesterday afternoon, the moment I was going to start off to your home there came a call from my professor Wang. That was something urgent. I wanted to contact you, but I didn’t have your number on me. How forgetful I am!
I’m so sorry for the inconvenience I caused you. I hope you can forgive me.
Yours,
Tom
三、其它原因的道歉
1) 因迟交作业道歉
Feb. 18
Dear Sir,
Here is the composition due on Tuesday. Because of illness, I have been absent from classes during the past three days on sick leave. I hope that you will excuse me for handing it in two days late, and the delay will not cause you too much inconvenience.
Thank you, sir.
Respectfully,
David
2）与老师有约却未能践约而致歉
Jan. 10
Dear Sir,
I am writing this note to apologize to you for failing to turn up for the appointment with you this afternoon. This morning, I was out in the town, and because of traffic, I failed to come back to the university before the time of the appointment. When I got to your office, it was too late.
I am terribly sorry for the inconvenience, and I am wondering if you can arrange another meeting some time when you are free.
Respectfully,
David
3）为弄脏朋友的词典而致歉
June 6
Dear Catherine,
I’m very sorry to tell you that, by accident, the cover of the dictionary you lent me was stained while I was making coffee. Yesterday I went to the bookstore to get another copy so that I could return a new copy to you, but to my disappointment I failed to find it. Would you please wait another few days till I find a new copy? And could you tell me where you bought the dictionary?
I do apologize for my carelessness and the inconvenience I cause you.
Yours,
Tom
4) 由于疏忽忘记邀请某人参加聚会等活动而致歉
July 15
Dear Jack,
I’m writing this note of apology to tell you what a silly mistake I made. I had a party at my place last night. I had planned to invite several close friends of mine to the party to celebrate the end of the semester. Surely, you were, and will always be on the list of my close friends, but by sheer negligence, I failed to send you the invitation. What an inexcusable mistake!
I do hope you can forgive me for my disastrous carelessness.
All my best wishes to my dear Jack.
Yours,
Tom
四、本部分常用表达法
1)I’m writing this note of apology to tell you that…
2)I am writing this note to apologize to you for my failing to…
3)I’m writing to say sorry to you for…
4)Please forgive me for my failing to…
5)I hope you can forgive me for this change of plan.
6)Hope you will understand the circumstances, and will forgive my change of plan.
7)I hope you can understand, and that you will not be inconvenienced.
8)I’m so sorry for the inconvenience I caused you. I hope you can forgive me.
9)I hope that you will excuse me for…, and that…will not cause you too much inconvenience.
10)I do apologize for my carelessness and the inconvenience I cause you.
第六节请假
注意事项：由于假条一般是写给老师、教务长、系主任等，所以措辞相对要正式、严肃。
一、请病假
Oct. 2
Dear Mr. Smith,
I am very sorry to inform you that I am unable to attend school today because of a bad cold. I enclose doctor’s certificate and ask you for sick leave of three days beginning from today.
Respectfully yours,
David
Encl: doctor’s certificate for sick leave
二、请事假
Oct. 2
Dear Mr. Wilson,
A telegram from my parents has just arrived to me saying that my brother is seriously ill and urging me to go home at once. Because of this, I am writing to ask for a leave of three days beginning on Oct. 3. I hope that my request will be granted.
Yours sincerely,
John Smith
Encl: a telegram from my parents
三、续假
Oct. 20
Dear Mr. Smith,
I am still lying in bed with the bad cold and unable to go to school. This morning I consulted my doctor and he suggested that I should ask for a three-day extension of my sick leave. I hope that my request will be given due consideration.
Your student,
David
四、常用表达法
1) I am sorry to tell / inform / apprise you that I am unable to attend school today owing to/ because of a bad cold/a headache/a toothache…
2) I am writing this note to ask you for a sick leave of… days.
3) On behalf of my son, I ask for a sick leave of…days.
4) Please excuse me for my absence from school…
5) My stomachache does not seem to get any better…
6) My cough is getting better rapidly, but the doctor advised that I should stay in bed for three more days.
7) I’m asking a leave of… days beginning on…
8) I am asking a three-day extension of leave.
9) Please give an extension of leave for…days.
11)I hope my request for sick /business leave will be given due consideration / will be granted /
will be considered.
第七节其他
一、馈赠附言
March 12
Dear Joe,
Here are the two tickets you just wanted for Hero, directed by Zhang Yimou, at 6:30 p.m. at Guang Ming cinema. I have something important tonight and I can’t go. I hope you can go and have a good time.
Good luck.
Yours,
Jim
二、拜访不遇留言
May 6
Dear Jack,
You’ve happened to be out when I call on you. I’ve something urgent to consult you. I shall be obliged if you find time to favor me with call as soon as possible. My number is 3849476.
Yours,
Jim
三、请求借东西
July 4
Dear John,
I shall be most grateful if you will lend me your Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English. I need it for the translation work this afternoon. If I can have it, I will return it to you the minute I finish the homework.
Yours,
David
四、催还借出的东西
Feb. 10
Dear David,
I’m in urgent need of Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English I lent you on Tuesday, Feb 8. I have a new lesson to preview this afternoon and there are many mew words in the text. If you have finished your translation, please return the dictionary to me as soon as possible.
Jack
July 15
Mr. Smith,
The following copies of books you borrowed from the University Library on June 10 are now overdue. We shall appreciate it very much if you return them immediately to the library when this note reaches you. Otherwise, an overdue fine will be paid.
Lend-and-borrow office
University Library Overdue books:
A Handbook of Writing by Ding Wangdao
Modern Linguistic by He Zhaoxong
五、通知/启事(Notice)
启事是为公开声明某事而见于报端或张贴于公共场所的应用文，多用于失物招领、寻人、征稿等事项。(寻人、遗失、招领、更名、更正、征稿、征询、迁址、换房、租房、活动延期、开业、授权、人事变更、鸣谢等)
启事的写作格式
启事的格式除了具备海报所含的三部分（标题、正文、署名）外，通常还需要联系地址或联系人及电话号码等。
启事的正文之后，或在署名的下方注明联系地址、联系人或联系电话，以便于有意者能对启事中声明之事给予及时的联系。
A Boy Missing
My smart son, named Wang Wei, aged 7, in blue coat, got lost at yesterday noon of October 25, 1994 when he went home from school. He is 1.09 metres tall, with black hair, a moon face, rosy cheeks, big eyes, and a very small scar on chin. He can speak daily Chinese fluently.
Whoever meets him or knows his whereabouts or has any information about his location is begged to advise his family or ring them up.
A thousand thank from,
Wang Long
And his family
Add: 142 Jinzhai Road
Tel: 3634563
六、海报（poster）
海报是人们日常生活中最为常见的一种招贴形式，多用于电影、戏曲、文艺演出等活动。海报通常写明活动的形式，活动的主办单位、时间、地点等活动。（讲座、球类比赛、戏曲、演奏会、文艺晚会、汇报演出、电影消息、画展、演讲比赛、报告会、参观游览活动、商品大拍卖）
海报的格式，通常有三部分组成，即标题、正文与落款
标题是一则海报的宣传“窗户”。因此标题的撰写尽量做到简洁明了，新颖醒目，抓住读者的兴趣和注意力，使人看了“一读钟情”。海报的标题形式通常有两种：一是直接使用“海报”（poster）一词；另一种则是根据海报的内容，撰写标题。
正文：
海报正文是海报的核心部分，它是对海报标题的具体描述。语言要求形象生动，简明扼要。落款：
海报的落款要写明主办单位名称以及撰写日期。海报的落款通常写在海报正文的左下角，日期位于主办单位名称的下方，即可写在左下角，也可写在右下角。
No News
Invited by the Trade Union of Anhui University, Anhui Provincial Huangmei Opera Troupe will come to give the performance of a newly-composed Huangmei Opera at 7:30 p.m., Saturday, April 8, 1990 in the university auditorium.
The famous actors and actresses such as Ma Lan, Huang Xinde will make you a good time.
The Trade Union
Anhui University
April 4, 1990
English Speech Contest
Hosted by the Student Union of the Department of Foreign Languages and Literature, the 2nd English Speech Contest will be held in the classroom No. 410 of Wenxilou Building at 7:00 p.m., Thursday, October 30, 1992.
All are cordially welcome!
The Student Union
The Dept. of FLD
Anhui University
October 28, 1992
考研英语写作资料-应用文写作之便条写法 便条是一种简单的书信。虽然内容简单，但却有其独特的风格。主要目的是为了尽快的吧最新的信息、通知、要求或者活动的时间、地点转告给对方。常见的便条有收条、欠条、留言和请假条等。 便条可以有题目，也可以省略题目。 便条开篇须有称呼语，但称呼可以比较随便。 日期部分可写在便条的右上角。 日期的签署通常只需写星期几或星期几的上午、下午，也可只写上午或下午和具体时间。只写日期也可以。 便条结尾须署上留条人的姓名，位置在正文的右下角。 便条的形式和内容简洁，故可以用几句话概括。 文内语言尽量通俗口语化，简单扼要，直截了当，无需使用客套语言。 便条虽简单，但中心务必突出，更要注明活动的时间及地点。 便条不需邮寄，不用信封。通常请人代为转交。有时可写在留言板和留言簿上。 基本写作格式 便条内容和类型不尽相同，可以灵活变通。但各类便条必须包括以下几个基本要素； 1）Date：便条日期 2）Salutation：称呼 3）Body：正文 4）Signature：署名 样例 收条：即收到钱物之后，给交钱或送物人写张字据，说明已经收到某物，可留作证据。条据上需写明钱物名称和数量、立据人及日期。不得涂改。 Jan.23rd,2003 Received from Student, Wang Zihao one hundred yuan only for this month''s tuition fee. Li Man For the Finance Office of Foreign Language Institute 欠条；留下字据，表示欠某人某物。条据上需写明钱物名称和数量、立据人及日期。不得涂改。 Sept. 16th, 2002 Borrowed from the Foreign Language Department Reference Library three books as follows: A copy of History and Anthology of English Literature by Wu Weiren A copy of A Survey of American Literature by Chang Yaoxin A copy of World Literature by Jiang Chengen Wu Zhuo For the Office of Social Science Department 留言；用书面留下要说的话。留言涉及的方面很多，包括约会，通知，请求等任何可用便条留下的口信。 Tuesday Dear Li, As the Spring Festival is drawing near, I''m very glad to invite you to come to a dinner party with several other friends of ours. I''m sure we will have a very happy time and enjoy ourselves thoroughly. Would you like to come on time at 5:00 p.m. today, to Room 6 of Lijing Hotel?
英语写作试题（一） I. Supply the missing paragraph (20 points) The following passage is incomplete with one body paragraph missing. Study the passage carefully and write the missing paragraph in about 100 words. Make sure that your tone and diction are in unity with the passage provided. Attaining Success in College Succeeding in college is not only important to getting and education, but also crucial in this day and age to success in the work place. To me, the three most important things for attaining a successful college experience are having smart classroom conduct, taking advantage of campus resources, and making college the first priority. _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Making good use of campus resources is also of great importance to college success. The school library has many resources for the growth of the students’ mind. With computers and copy-machines for individual use, computer labs and writing labs are there not just for learning purposes but also for actual help with writing papers. The “office hours” will help the students build a close relationship with their professors and give them access to the professors’ mind. From the professors the students can acquire possible extra information that may put them ahead of their study. All these resources are free, since they are funded by student tuitions. So taking good advantage of the resources can only make the students’ education more attainable. Finally, any students who want to assure success must establish school as the top priority. Personally I have watched some students slowly loosen up; I have seen a pattern of partying and a lack of motivation. Many of the freshmen have no idea why they are in college, and their “eyes” often tell it all. This world is so rich in distractions that it is hard to keep a strong focus, especially if one is just starting his or her academic career. It is said that the first semester is often the most “unsuccessful” one. This certainly rings true for me. I made mistakes in this regard and eventually learned that, to achieve success, school must always be placed above other things. In my college experience, I have observed and learned how to achieve success. I wish someone had told me earlier the importance of having that smart classroom conduct, of fully utilizing the school resources, and of making college my top priority. Then, my college beginnings would not have been so rocky and tough. II. Write an outline (20 points) Read the following passage carefully and compose a “topic outline” for it. Smell Smell, as a means of nonverbal communication, is important. Odor communicates not only when we are face to face with another person, but also when the other personis not present. People from different cultures may have different attitudes toward body odors. Most people in the West respond negatively to what they consider bad odors such as body odor, breath odor, or
英语写作期末试题和答 案解析 https://www.doczj.com/doc/1310619363.html,work Information Technology Company.2020YEAR
Part I M ultiple Choice(15%) Directions:There are 15 incomplete statements in this part. For each statement there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best ONE to complete the statement. (1’x 15=15’) 1. According to the rules of writing a title, “__________” is correct. A. The Way To Improve Our English-Speaking Ability B. My View on the Negative Effects of Ads C. the Myth of a Negro Literature D. the war of Independence 2. Which of the following sentences has punctuation error? A. The alarm clock sounded, the students got up quickly. B. The alarm clock sounded; the students got up quick. C. The alarm clock sounded. The students got up quickly. D. When the alarm clock sounded, the students got up quickly. 3. __________ does not contain in the principles of “choice of words”. A. Accuracy B. Arbitrariness C. Appropriateness D. Conciseness 4. What kind of figures of speech(修辞格)is used in the sentence “This elephant is like a snake as anybody can see.” A. Metaphor B. Personification C. Simile D. Hyperbole 5. During the TV interview, the singer announced that he was going to _____his new album soon. A.release B. renew C. relieve D. rehearse 6. Greatly agitated, I rushed to the apartment and tried the door, __________ to find it locked. A. only B. just C. hence D. thus 7. As I’ll be away for at least a year, I’d appreciate __________ from you now and then telling me how everyone is getting along. A. hearing B. to hear C. to be hearing D. having heard 8. An introductory paragraph should arouse the reader’s interest and __________ the main idea of the essay. A. ignore B. introduce C. develop D. emphasize 9. Which of the following sentences contains a dangling modifier? A. Coming up the hall, I heard the clock struck 10. B. While Wendy was driving on Greenwood Avenue yesterday afternoon, a tree began to fall toward her car.
中考英语作文写作技巧总结 中考写作注意事项： 知识点1： ①记叙文之人物写作通常需要介绍人物的姓名，外貌，性格，爱好等多个方面，但是不能出 现真实的姓名，校名及家庭住址。 ②考试时最好以学生身边普通的人物进行描写，从平凡的人中找到不平凡的精神。考试的时 候需要严格按照题目要求进行写作，包括所给的全部信息，既不能遗漏，也不能随意添加。 ③议论文体裁特点：要求学生就某一方面的问题通过摆事实、讲道理的方式来发表自己的看 法。一般来说，议论文由论点、论据、论证三部分组成。 1）论点要正确无误。 2）论据要可靠充分。论据可以是人们公认的真理，也可以是经过实践考证的经典著作。 3）论证要合理严密。人们常用的论证方法有归纳法、推理法、对比法。 4）议论文一般按提出问题、解决问题的逻辑顺序来安排层次。 知识点2：写作思路 1.认真审题，理清思路: 确定题目中的关键词，文章体裁和主旨。 2.搜集材料，制定提纲: 展开一次“Brain Storming”即头脑风暴，对该题引申出各种联想和论点。根据自己已有的经 验和词汇量选择自己最熟悉、最有把握的方面和论点来写作。
3.选择词句，动笔行文: 确定基本的写作时态，如记叙文通常用一般过去时 典型案例分析： 1. Write a letter in at least 60 words according to the given situation (根据所给情景写一封不少于60 词的信) Suppose you are Joe. Your friend Betty is upset about a coming exam for she cares too much about the result. What do you think? Try to offer her some advice. （假如你是Joe, 你的好朋友Betty 因为过于在意考试结果而感到焦虑。请给她写一封信，谈谈你的看法，并给她一些建议。） 。） （注意：文中不得出现任何姓名、校名及其它相关信息，否则不予评分 ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 第一步：分析题目 1. 审题 1) 这篇文章根据题目要求，我们可以确定文章的是一篇应用文即：书信。 2）根据写作要求知道是给他人提出建议或意见的文章，需要针对Betty遇到的问题实际出发来进行写作。 2. 确定写作重点和写作目的。 1）重点是安慰处于考试焦虑的Betty。 2）给出解决问题的建议。 3. 书信的格式： 英文信一般可以分为下列几个部分。 1）信端（Heading）即写信人的地址和发信日期。 2）收信人姓名地址
期末考试英语作文 导读：Yesterday, I took the final exam of this term. I worked hard to prepare for it, but I was still nervous. I was afraid that I couldn’t do it well. I had three exams, Chinese, math and English. In the morning, it was the Chinese. It was not so difficult for me that I was sure I could be good in it. Then, it was math in the afternoon. It’s the part I was afraid of most. Not surprised, I met some troubles in math exam. But I still hope they wouldn’t be serious. I am good at English, so I didn’t worry about it. I knew I can do well in it. In short, the final exam was not so hard for me and I am quite sure the scores will be perfect. 昨天，我参加了这学期的期末考试。虽然我很努力备考，但是考前我依然很紧张，我怕自己考不好。有三门考试，分别是语文、数学和英语。第一天早上考语文，这对我来说不算难，我相信自己能考好。下午考数学，这是我最怕的一科。不出意料，考试的时候果然碰到难题了，但我希望不会错得太离谱。英语是我的`强项，所以我没有担心英语科目，我知道我会有优异的表现。总的来说，期考对于我来说并不算太难，我相信自己能考出好成绩。 【期末考试英语作文】 1.期末考试的英语日记 2.2015高一英语作文:期末考试话题作文
Part I Multiple Choice(15%) Directions:There are 15 incomplete statements in this part. For each statement there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best ONE to complete the statement. (1’x 15=15’) 1. According to the rules of writing a title, “__________” is correct. A. The Way To Improve Our English-Speaking Ability B. My View on the Negative Effects of Ads C. the Myth of a Negro Literature D. the war of Independence 2. Which of the following sentences has punctuation error? A. The alarm clock sounded, the students got up quickly. B. The alarm clock sounded; the students got up quick. C. The alarm clock sounded. The students got up quickly. D. When the alarm clock sounded, the students got up quickly. 3. __________ does not contain in the principles of “choice of words”. A. Accuracy B. Arbitrariness C. Appropriateness D. Conciseness 4. What kind of figures of speech(修辞格)is used in the sentence “This elephant is like a snake as anybody can see.”? A. Metaphor B. Personification C. Simile D. Hyperbole 5. During the TV interview, the singer announced that he was going to _____his new album soon. A.release B. renew C. relieve D. rehearse 6. Greatly agitated, I rushed to the apartment and tried the door, __________ to find it locked. A. only B. just C. hence D. thus 7. As I’ll be away for at least a year, I’d appreciate __________ from you now and then telling me how everyone is getting along. A. hearing B. to hear C. to be hearing D. having heard 8. An introductory paragraph should arouse the reader’s interest and __________ the main idea of the essay. A. ignore B. introduce C. develop D. emphasize 9. Which of the following sentences contains a dangling modifier? A. Coming up the hall, I heard the clock struck 10. B. While Wendy was driving on Greenwood Avenue yesterday afternoon, a tree began to fall toward her car. C. When I was ten, my grandfather died. D. None of the above. 10. Which one is not used as a transition word to give examples?
写作策略之通知和便条专项练习 李仕才 一、通知写作训练 学生会书面通知： 为了迎接“元旦”佳节，学校准备开会庆祝。校长将要在会上讲话，表彰（commend）三好学生和先进班级。各班还准备了精彩的节目。 ?时间：12月30日下午2：30（星期六） ?地点：学校大礼堂(auditorium) ?希望全体师生准时到会。 （字数：70个左右） 二、便条写作训练 1. 吴先生： 因爷爷病重，我打算回家探望，要求请假一星期，从本月10日开始到16日止。附上姐姐发来的电报，望批准！ 您的学生赵威 2014. 12. 9 2. 你到一个叫李英的同学家，通知他一件事，碰巧他不在家，你给他留了张便条，内容如下： （1）明天的课将推迟到本星期六下午2点，因为你们明天要参加劳动——植树，上午7点在校门口集合出发。 （2）前天你把雨伞落在他家房子的前门外，请他明天上课时替你带来。 李华 8. 10 写作策略之通知和便条专项练习 参考答案 一、参考范文： Notice In order to celebrate the coming New Year, a meeting is to be held at the auditorium on Saturday, Dec.30, at 2:30 p.m. Our head-master will speak at the meeting. The three-good students and advanced classes will be commended too. Wonderful performance will be also given for celebration. The Students’ Union Dec.25, 2005
初中英语期末考试写作40个常考加分句型 1、主语+ cannot emphasize the importance of … too much.(再怎么强调……的重要性也不为过。) 例如：We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much. 我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性都不为过。 2、 There is no need for sb to do sth. / for sth.(某人没有必要做……) 例如：There is no need for you to bring more food. 不需你拿来更多的食物了。 3、 By +doing…，主语+can …. (借着……，……能够……) 例如：By taking exercise， we can always stay healthy. 借着做运动，我们能够始终保持健康。 4、… enable + sb.+ to + do…. (……使……能够……) 例如：Listening to music enables us to feel relaxed. 听音乐使我们能够感觉轻松。 5、 On no account can we + do…. (我们绝对不能……)。 例如：On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge. 我们绝对不能忽略知识的价值。 6、 What will happen to sb.？(某人将会怎样？) 例如：What will happen to the orphan？ 那个孤儿将会怎样？ 7、 For the past + 时间，主语 + 现在完成式/现在完成进行时…. (过去……时间来，……一直……) 例如：For the past two years，I have been busy preparing for the examination. 过去两年来，我一直忙着准备考试。
初中英语作文写作技巧 一、掌握常用过渡性词语 叙事文常用的句子间连接词 at first; at last; in the end…then / next/ after that… when / while/as soon as/not…until… at the same time; at times; once in a while; so that To one’s surprise/joy Luckily/fortunately/unluckily/unfortunately…in a word/in all 议论文常用连接词 表示并列：either…or; neither…nor; both…and; not only…but also; 表示递进的：besides; what’s more; what’s worse; (moreover); 表示原因的：because; for…; because of…; thanks to…; (for the reason that…); 表示结果的：so; as a result; so…that…; therefore; 表示目的的：so that…; in order that…; (in order) to…; for…; 表示对比的：while; on the one hand + on the other hand; Each coin has two sides.; prefer…to…; would rather do…than do…; 表示转折的：however; but; 表示举例的：for example; for instance; such as…; like…; that is to say… 表示总结的：in all/short; in a word; in brief/ total; last but not least; last; 表示利弊的：be good/bad for sb.; be harmful to sb.; do harm to sb.; …have great/much influence on sb.; sth. benefit sb.; sb. benefit from sth. affect; have an effect on sb.; 表示喜爱的：love/like/enjoy…; be fond of…; be interested in…; show great interest in…; lose oneself in…; put one’s heart into…; be good at; be poor at; be weak in; 表达个人想法的： I think/believe…; (as) for me; in my opinion/view; as a student; from the bottom of my heart; personally; 其他： in general; generally speaking; to be short; to be honest; to tell the truth; as we know; make up one’s mind to do; in a way; 二、记住作文万能句式I will work hard to make my dream come true. I hope your dream will come true one day. It takes sb. +时间+to do… Sb. spend（某种人称时态）+时间/钱+on sth./ (in) doing sth. It’s important/necessary/useful/useless/common…(for sb.) to v… It’s nice/kind of sb. to v.. It’s time for sb. to do sth. It’s a waste of time to… It’s …years/days since sb. +ved It’s great fun to do=sb. have great fun doing It’s a pity that…It’s an honor to…
英语应用文写作之便条 便条 (Notes) 便条是书信的一种形式，常用的有请假条和留言条两种。较普通书信来说，其特点是格式简单，内容简短。 一、请假条（Written Request for Leave） 这里所讲的请假条包括病假条、事假条以及续假条等。写请假条要注意把请假的原因和请假时间写清楚，而且请假的理由要讲充分。如果有证明原因的证据，如医生的证明等最好随条附上。 1. 请病假（Asking for Sick Leave） April 24, 2006 Dear Prof. Smith, I am very sorry to apprise (=inform) you that I am unable to attend school today owing to a bad cold. I enclose doctor’s certificate and ask you for sick leave of three days. Your student, Li Yong Encl.: doctor’s certificate for sick leave 亲爱的史密斯教授： 非常抱歉，我因患重感冒今天不能到校上课，现附上医生证明并向您请病假三天。 附：医生证明 您的学生：李勇 2006年4月24日 2．请事假（Asking for Business Leave） May 15, 2005 Dear Director Zhang, A telegram has just come to hand saying that my mother is seriously ill and urging me to go home at once. Because of this I should very much like to have a leave of three days, beginning on May 15. I hope that my request will be given due consideration. Very truly yours, Zhao Liang Encl.: a telegram from my home 亲爱的张主任： 我刚刚收到一封我母亲病重、催我立即回家的电报。我想从五月十五日起请事假三天，请批准为盼。
附录五：专升本英语作文技巧和模板 （一）称呼： 1、写给机构：Dear Sir or Madam, （06、07） 2、写给个人：（05）Dear Mr. Wang, （08）Dear Bob, （09）Dear Editors, （二）正文：3段，7句左右，100-130词，3-5个关联词（适可而止），3-5个从句（多多益善） 1、第一段：2句左右 1）自我介绍（私人书信除外）： （1）工作人员： I am a staff member from your company/corporation. I am a staff member from Motorola（China）Electronics Ltd. （2）学生：I am a freshman/sophomore/junior/senior/undergraduate/graduate from the Department of Chinese Language and Literature of Beijing University. 2）写作目的：书信的中心思想，改写提纲一 I am writing the letter for purpose of resigning from my current post/position. I am writing to inform you that I wish to request if you could help me find a potential beneficiary of Project Hope. 2、第二段：3句左右，改写提纲二 1）主题句：1句 2）分论点一：1句 3）分论点二：1句 3、第三段：2句左右，改写提纲三 1）表示感谢（私人建议信除外）： （1）My appreciation to you for your generous help is beyond words. （2）Words fail me when I wish to express my sincere gratitude to you. （3）I take this opportunity to show my heartfelt appreciation for the kind assistance you render me. 2）期待回信： （1）I am looking forward to hearing from you soon. （2）I look forward to a favorable reply at your earliest convenience. （3）Your prompt attention to my inquiry would be highly appreciated. （三）落款： 1）结尾客套：Yours sincerely, yours, sincerely 2）签名：Li Ming
英语专业四级考试写作评分标准(便条) 便条的评分标准 通过以上的标准列表，我们可以看出，便条的写作主要注重的是格式、 内容和语言。 考生需要做到格式正确、内容完整、表达得体、字数符合标准。下面我们以 2010年的考题为例，对便条的评分标准进行具体的说明： Directions: Your good friend, John, is thinking of organizing an end-of-the-term party. Write him a note telling him that you like his idea and offer to help him. You have to be specific about how you can help him. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriacy. 1．格式：（占2分） 包括日期、称呼和结尾两部分，每部分完全正确得1分，出现任何错误 都不得分。分数扣完为止，不倒扣。 1．日期( Date)：1分 正确：April 17th, 2010; April 17,2010; April l7 2010; 17 April 2010; 4/17/2010; 17/4/2010 (Apr也可以，任 何一个日期都可以) 位置在右上角或左上角。 2、称呼( Heading)： 正确：(Dear)John:(，)缺标点或标点位置错都扣一分。 位置在日期下面一行左侧。 3．结尾( Ending)： 正确：Yours sincerely,／Yours，／Sincerely yours，，Sincerely, （大小写和标点不计） Mary（或其他人名） 没有Yours sincerely,／Yours,／Sincerely yours，，Sincerely也可 以，不扣分；但是凡是上述词拼写错误，都扣一分； 人名和结尾语必须分成上下两行写，写在一行扣一分； 人名必须写，不能写成xxx，否则扣一分。 II．内容：（占2分）本便条必须包括如下内容： 1．赞成想法
研究生英语写作期末考试 I.Match the figure of speech in the list with each of the sentences, and write the corresponding letter in the blank. https://www.doczj.com/doc/1310619363.html,bine the sentences in each group into a single compound, complex, or compound-complex sentence. You may find it necessary to add, change, or delete certain words to make the combined sentence meaningful and grammatical. III.Appositive and adjective clause: rewrite each of the following sentences (or sets of sentences) according to the instructions in parentheses. IV.Read the following sentences and see weather they are correct or not. If not, identify the fault type by F (Fragment), R (Run-on), or C (Comma splice), and correct it. https://www.doczj.com/doc/1310619363.html,anize and rearrange the following sentences into one integrated paragraph. Write the correct sequence number in the blank. VI.Transition words have been left out of the following paragraph. Select appropriate words from the list below, and write the corresponding letter in the proper place. VII.Write a summary for the following article with no more than 80 words. https://www.doczj.com/doc/1310619363.html,parison/contrast: write the first body paragraph for the provided thesis statement. IX.Cause/effect: write an outline on the provided topic. X.Argumentative: write an introduction paragraph on the provided topic. XI.Practical writing: write a letter with no less than 200 words.