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中国传统文化英语表达法(四级)说课材料

中国传统文化英语表达法(四级)

中国传统节日Traditional Chinese Festivals

The Spring Festival 春节

The Chinese Spring Festival falls on the very first day of the Chinese Lunar year. The celebration of the Spring Festival, otherwise known as the Chinese New Year, starts from the first day of the first lunar month and ends on the Lantern Festival, that is, the fifteenth of the month. T he Spring Festival to the Chinese is what Christmas to the Westerners (中国人过春节相当于西方人过圣诞节).

The Spring Festival Eve 除夕

The Spring Festival Eve, or the Chinese New Year’s Eve, is call the Danian Sanshi （大年三十）in Chinese. It is a time of jubilance, with eyeful of Spring Festival couplets, earful of loud firecrackers, and the kitchen full of yummy stuff cooking on the stove. Wherever they are, people will hurry back home for their family reunion on the eve.

The Spring Festival Eve Dinner 年夜饭

The Spring Festival Eve Dinner is known as the Dinner of Reunion. On the Eve, children away from home will all come back to enjoy a tableful of delicacies together with their parents. People in the north prefer jiaozi, the southerners like tangyuan, sweet round dumplings to indicate family reunion, and niangao, which means “going higher and higher in the coming year”.

Spring Festival Couples 贴春联

It has been a tradition for the Chinese to paste Spring Festival couples on the doors during the Festival. Words of auspiciousness are written in the couples, which are called duilian对联, or the Pair Couplets, b ecause the words on both couplets should be equal in number, parallel in form, and attuned in meaning. Sometimes people also paste a hengpi横批, a horizontal scroll bearing an inscription, above the couples.

Gift Money 压岁钱

On the festive occasion, young children will pay New Year calls on and express their best wishes to their elders who, in return, will offer them yasuiqian 压岁钱, money given to children as a Spring Festival gift.The money is usually wrapped up in red paper – a symbol of good fortune.

Setting off firecrackers 放鞭炮

Part of the Spring Festival celebration is to set off firecracker, which is meant to add joy to the festivity. People wish that, by setting off firecrackers, good luck would come to them in the coming year.

Paying New Year Calls 拜年

The Spring Festival is also a time to pay festive visits and say good wishes to one another among relatives, friends and neighbours.

Vising Temple Fairs赶庙会

During the Festival, people visit temple fairs, where an assortment of entertaining performances takes place, including Yandko秧歌 (a rirual folk dance popular in north China), acrobatics（杂技）and folk art shows. Varieties of snacks and commodity exchanges （商品交易）are also the integral parts of the fair.

The Lantern Festival 元宵节

The 15th day of the first lunar month is the Chinese Lantern Festival, which coincides with the first full-moon night of the year (这一天正好是新年的第一个月圆之夜). The major activities of the day include watching painted lanterns, solving riddles, setting off fireworks, and eating yuanxiao元宵(sweet dumplings) made of glutinous [?glu:tin?s](粘的，胶装的) rice flour（糯米面，糯米粉）.

Eating Yuanxiao 吃元宵

Eating yuanxiao元宵on the day of the Lantern Festival symbolizes family reunion and happiness. Yuanxiao are made with glutinous rice flour dough, stuffed with a variety of food such as red bean paste, sesame, mixed nutlets with sugar. Minced meat is another favored flavor (元宵用糯米粉包馅制成，馅儿有豆沙、芝麻、各类果仁

加白糖，还有肉糜馅等). In southern China, people also eat tangyuan汤圆(like yuanxiao元宵).

Watching Painted Lanterns 赏花灯

On the night of the Lantern Festival, lines of painted lanterns are hung around the courtyard and along both sides of the street. The colorful lights against the full moon create quite a visual feast for people to enjoy (人们观灯赏月，其乐融融).

Solving Lantern Riddles 猜灯谜

Solving riddles written or printed on lanterns is another way of entertaining visitors on the night.

The Dragon Boat Festival 端午节

The Chinese Dragon Boat Festival falls on the fifth day of the fifth month on the Chinese Lunar Calendar. The story goes that the day is kept in memory of the patriotic poet Qu Yuan屈原who died more than 2000 years ago. It’s also a day to

pray for agricultural harvests as well as to drive pestilences [?pestil?ns] away (同时也是人们祈求农业丰收，驱除瘟疫的节日).

Qu Yuan (339BC? ～ 278BC?) 屈原

Qu Yuan 屈原, a patriotic poet of the Chu State 楚国in ancient China, is greatly respected by people of all times, for both his fine poetry and noble character. It was on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month in the year 278 BC after the falling of the Chu State （楚国） that Qu Yuan （屈原）gave his life to his beloved motherland by

drowning himself in the river (因楚国国都失陷，屈原悲愤地投江而死).

Dragon Boat Racing 赛龙舟

The dragon boat is made of wood, with mythical dragon head and dragon tail decorations on it. Dragon boat racing originally showed people’s wish to rescue Qu Yuan（屈原）from drowning, and gradually became a popular competitive mass

sport (赛龙舟最初是表达屈原投江后，人们寻救他的迫切心情，后来逐渐成为端午节流行的一项民间体育竞技活动).

Eating Zongzi 吃粽子

Legend has it that in order to keep the fish away from eating Qu Yuan’s body, people would throw rice wrapped in bamboo or reed [ri:d]（芦苇） leaves into the water to

feed the fish.That’s how the tradition of eating zongzi 粽子(rice dumplings wrapped in leaves) around the Dragon Boat Festival started. A zongzi （粽子）is usually made in the shape of a triangular or square lump (粽子外形为三角形或四角形), wrapped in large bamboo leaves. The ingredients are mostly glutinous rice, beans, Chinese dates, or pork.

Hanging Moxa 挂艾蒿

Moxa leaves are hung in front of every household during the Dragon Boat Festival in order to expel[?k'sp?l]（驱逐） evil spirits and to relieve people’s internal heat or fever (驱邪解毒). The sweet scent of the herb, however, can also repel flies and mosquitoes, and purify the air around the house.

The Moon Festival 中秋节

The Moon Festival or the Mid-autumn Festival falls on the 15th of the eighth month of the Chinese Lunar year. It is also called the Festival of Family Reunion 团圆节, as the full moon around that time very well symbolizes harvests and reunion. It is a time for family members to get together and savour['seiv?]尽情享受moon cakes as they admire the full moon.

The Moon Cake 月饼

The Cake of Reunion 团圆饼 is another name for the moon cakes. Made by wheat flour dough and stuffed with a wide variety, sweet or salty,moon cakes are both the must-eat food and major gift items around the Moon Festival (月饼是中秋节人们互赠的主要礼品，也是节日的重要食品).

The Doubl e Ninth Festival 重阳节

Chongyang重阳—the Double Ninth Festival, also known as the Senior Citizens’ Day 老人节, is on the ninth of the ninth lunar month. As “nine” is regarded as a number of the Yang (positive or masculine by nature in Chinese philosophy), two “nines” together makes a Chongyang, or Double Yang (中国古人把九称为阳数，

阳在中国哲学中属阳性，代表男性阳刚特质，所以九月九叫做重阳). On this day, people will go climbing mountains, drinking, and admiring chrysanthemum

[kri's?nθ?m?m] 菊花 flowers. More importantly, it’s a time for children to show some tender loving care to the seniors or to show filial ['f?l??l] piety ['pa??t?] for their parents. （filial peity 孝顺，孝心）

Climbing the Heights to Keep Away Troubles 登高避灾

The Double Ninth Festival is in autumn, when married women are supposed to observe the ritual of visiting their parents and taking them to do some mountain-climbing, so that they could enjoy the seasonal beauty together.

Appreciating the Chrysanthemums 赏菊

The chrysanthemums are in full blossom at this time of the year, and the great variety of the flower has long been the object of admiration for the Chinese (品种繁多的菊

花在秋日盛开，观赏菊花是流传已久的节日风俗).

Offering Sacrifices to the Goddess of the Sea 祭海神

The ninth of the ninth lunar month happens to be the day when Mazu 妈祖, the Goddess of the Sea, ascended to the heaven. Grand ceremonies are held for her on the day in China’s coastal cities including the Taiwan Region.

The God of Longevity [l?n'd?ev?ti]寿星老the guardian of long-life长寿的保护神

Chinese Tea 中国茶

In China, tea-drinking is part of the Chinese culture: Tea Culture. To drink tea is not only a way of life, it is also a custom (喝茶不仅是人们生活中的一种习惯，也是待客的一种习俗). Teahouses where tea-drinkers could also socialize and entertain themselves are all over the country.

Tea-sauteing (炒茶), the important part of tea processing, determines the quality of the product.

The Home of Tea 茶叶的故乡

Processed tea leaves picked from tea trees become the tea we prepare with water and then drink (茶是一种植物，称茶树，它的芽叶经过加工就成了可供冲泡的茶叶). Originally a product of China, tea was exported to parts of Asia as early as some 1500 years ago, and it arrived in Europe about 400 years ago.

Varieties of Tea 茶叶的品种

With different ways of processing, tea can be classified into such varieties as green tea 绿茶, black tea 红茶, oolong tea['u?l??]乌龙茶, and scented tea 花茶, etc. and under each category, there’re different brand names such as the Xihu Longjing西湖龙井(West Lake Longjing Tea, green tea produced in Hangzhou, Zhejiang 浙江杭州), Biluochun碧螺春(green tea, produced in Jiangsu Prov.江苏).

Tea Ceremony 茶艺

In the Chinese tea culture, there are certain rituals and rules to follow, either at the stage of preparing, drinking or treating a guest (沏茶，敬茶，饮茶). There’s also a set of criteria for the quality of water, tea, and tea-making utensils.

中国书法绘画 Chinese calligraphy and painting The Four Treasures of the Study 文房四宝

Wenfang文房refers to the study for a man of letters, and the tools and materials for calligraphy and painting include the writing brush, ink stick, ink slab and paper (笔、墨、纸、砚), so they are jointly called “the four treasures of the study”. In addition to these, there may also be other accessories for calligraphy and painting in the study, such as brush pots, brush racks, ink boxes, brush rinsing dishes, seals and seal boxes, ets (还有笔筒、笔架、墨盒、笔洗、印章、印盒等多种书法和绘画用品).

The Writing Brush 毛笔

Writing brushes are the traditional writing tools in China, dating from 1600 BC to 1066 BC. The point of the brush is usually made with hair from animal tails and the shaft of bamboo sticks. The sizes of writing brushes fall into three types, namely large,

medium and small for writing characters of different sizes respectively (根据书写字

体大小不同，毛笔有大、中、小号). There are also larger ones called Dou brush 斗

笔or Ti brush 提笔, and the largest one is called Zha brush 揸笔.

The Ink Stick 墨（块）

In ancient China, people had to grind（[gra?nd]磨碎，碾碎） the ink stick into ink liquid and then dip the writing brush into it to write and paint. For grinding the ink stick, some fresh water should be poured into the ink slab first, then, grind the ink stick round in one direction (用墨块在砚台上顺着一个方向研磨), and gradually, the fresh water turn into ink liquid.

The Ink Slab 砚

The ink slab, as a tool for grinding ink sticks and usually made of stone, is very important to an ancient man of letters in his study. The most famous is the Duan Ink Slab 端砚produced in Zhaoqing, Guangdong Province 广东肇庆, which is called

Duanzhou 端州in ancient times. This kind of ink slabs has a fine, soft and smooth

texture and the ink liquid ground in them is well mixed and durable (端砚质地细密柔

润，研出的墨汁均匀耐用). Ink slabs can also be engraved with exquisite designs as

treasures of art (砚台上还能雕出精美的花纹，成为艺术珍品).

Traditional Chinese Paintings 中国画

As a traditional art in China, traditional Chinese paintings are created through special manners of presentation and artistic principles, with writing brushes, ink, and pigment（色素颜料） which are all unique to the Chinese (国画是中国传统的绘画

艺术，它用中国所独有的毛笔、水墨、颜料，以特有的表现形式和艺术法则创

作而成). They can be classified, according to subject matter, into landscape, flower-and-bird and figure paintings.

Landscape Paintings 山水画

Landscape paintings mainly depict natural scenery of mountains and rivers, which first came into being in Qin Dynasty 秦代and reached a high level in Song Dynasty 宋代. Chinese landscape paintings attach great importance to pouring out the emotion of the artist and strive for an artistic acme of emotion being in harmony with scenery (中国山水画重在抒发画家个人情感，达到情景交融的艺术境界).

Flower-and-bird Paintings 花鸟画

Flower-and-bird paintings do not only depict flowers and birds only, but also bamboos, rocks, beasts, insects and fish (竹石、走兽、虫鱼) as well. What the artist advocates is that the depiction of these things could mould the personal temperament while embodying the internal moral character and the personal pursuit of the artist (画家主张通过对花鸟虫鱼的描绘，陶冶人的情操，体现作者内在的思想和追

求).

Figure Paintings 人物画

Figure paintings focus particularly on the portrayal of the character’s activities, and the task of the artist is to draw out the pose and attire in lines for the purpose of conveying the romantic charm of the figure in the painting (画家用线条勾画出人物

的形态和服饰，让人感受到画中人物的神韵). Ancient China has produced many great artists of figure paintings, such as Gu Kaizhi in Jin Dynasty 晋代的顾恺之, Wu Daozi in Tang Dynasty 唐代的吴道子, Tang Bohu in Ming Dynasty 明代的唐伯虎, and so on.

New Year’s Painting 年画

New Year’s painting is a kind of traditional Chinese paintings produced by means of woodcut process printing. As an old form of folk art in China, this kind of paintings all has festival themes and a sharp contrast in colors (年画是中国画的一种，它采

用木刻套印的方法作画，内容喜庆、色彩对比强烈，是中国古老的民间美术形式). They are specially created for decoration of homes, warding off evil spirits and ominous occurrences in the celebration of the Chinese New Year (它是专门为过农历

新年时装饰环境、除凶辟邪而创作的). That is why they are c alled New Year’s paintings.

中国文物

The Terra-cotta Warriors 秦始皇陵兵马俑

Qin Shihuang 秦始皇, the first emperor of the feudal Chinese society, brought with him massive funerary belongings when he die — a move to show off the authority and splendor he’d enjoyed du ring his lifetime (秦始皇是中国封建社会的第一个皇帝。他死后，为了显示他生前的辉煌和权威，在他的墓中陪葬了许多东西). Among them were the three barracks of Terra-cotta Warriors (兵马俑阵), which have been marveled at as the “World’s Eighth Miracle” 世界第八大奇迹.

The Underground Army 地下军阵

Yong is either a human o r animal figure made with clay. The Qin Shihuang’s Tomb

秦始皇陵and its great army of Terra-Cotta Warriors — 7000 soldiers, 100 horses and 100 chariots in all, give us a picture of the kind of grand scale of the army and the completeness of the army’s military services more that 2000 years ago (再现了2000多年前气势宏伟，兵种齐全的军阵队形).

Dunhuang Grottoes 敦煌石窟

The Dunhuang Grottoes, located on a Cliffside 25 km southeast of down town Dunhuang (位于敦煌县东南25千米处的断崖上), are famous for his Mogao Caves 莫高窟. Now there are 492 grottoes in existence, which were constructed during the 4th century to the 10th century. Mogao Caves 莫高窟 became a treasure of the Buddhist art because of the multitude of murals and sculptures in the caves.

Cave Relief Murals 石窟壁画

There’s a pace of 45000㎡ of murals in the caves, the contents of which range from

Buddhist figures, Buddha stories, ancient fairy tales and decorative designs (石窟内

现存的壁画多达4.5万平方米，内容有佛像人物、佛经故事、古代神话及装饰

图案). It took more than 1000 years to complete.

The Dunhuang Academy China 敦煌研究院

The Dunhuang relics have suffered the plundering and looting of quite a number of adventures such as the British, the French, the Russian, the Japanese, the Americans, etc (敦煌文物曾遭到英、法、俄、日、美等国冒险家的盗取和掠夺). Many such relics can now be seen in museums and libraries throughout the world. As an effort to protect and further study the art of the Dunhuang Grottoes, China founded the Dunhuang Art Institute 敦煌艺术研究所in the 1940s, which became the pre-

existence of nowadays the Dunhuang Academy China 敦煌研究院.

中国民居Chinese Folk Residence Siheyuan (Beijing Quadrangles['kw?dr??g(?)l]) 北京四合院Siheyuan，a compound enclosed by inward-facing houses and high walls on four sides, is the folk residence in north China(四合院是中国北方的民居，由东、南、西、北四面房屋及墙围合起来). Beijing Quadrangles ['kw?dr??g(?)l] (周围有建筑物的)四方院子are symmetrical in design, and the inhabitants follow strict rules of hierarchy.

Cave Dwellings in Shaanxi 陕西窑洞

Cave dwellings are unique to the Loess ['l???s] Plateau in northern Shaanxi（陕北

的黄土高原). A cave dwelling measures seven to eight meters deep and more than

three meters in breath and height respectively. It is cool in summer and warm in winter, resistant to fire, and soundproof.

The cave dwelling, dating back to thousands of years ago, is an age-old form of residence for people on the Loess Plateau. Today, there are still many people living in cave dwellings.

Brick Caves and Stone Caves 砖窑和石窑

An earth cave is turned into a brick cave if reinforced with bricks, or a stone cave if reinforced with stones. Brick caves and stone caves are usually used as schools or offices. It is also possible to construct building-like terraced brick caves that are beautiful and imposing (还可以建成类似楼房一样的多层阶梯式砖窑，外表看起

来既漂亮又壮观).

Fujian Tulou 福建土楼

Tulou (earthen building) is a self-defensive folk residence built by the Hakka(客家人)

living in such areas as Longyan and Zhangzhou(龙岩、漳州) in Fujian Province to

protect their clans（宗族，部落）. It is usually round or square, and big enough for an entire clan.

The Ancestral Temple 祠堂

The center of a Tulou is the ancestral temple, which is used to offer sacrifices to ancestors and for clan gatherings.

Modern Private Houses 现代民居

Great changes have taken place in private houses in towns and countryside in China. Private houses in towns and cities mainly concentrate in residential districts, where people’s living environments and quality are being improved. In the countryside, people’s modern private houses generally appear to have a variety of building styles and features(乡村的现代民居，也在呈现出各地多彩的风情面貌).

A residential district composed of apartment buildings with different forms and structures has not only an improved system of property management service(完善的物业服务系统), but also a complete set of educational, medical and transportation set-ups(设施). People can pursue cultural and social activities of all kinds as well as

physical exercises in the community of the residential district (在以小区形成的社区，人们可以开展文化、体育及各项社会活动).

中华武术The Chinese Martial Art

The Shaolin Martial Art 少林功夫

All genres of martial arts are derived from Shaoliln, thus, in talking about the Shaolin Temple, what first enter our minds is its martial art. This kind of Shaolin kungfu, accumulated in the course of more than a thousand years, and extensively drawing on the advantages of all other genres of martial arts, was founded on the basis of ancient Chinese art of health-building. It involves various methods of fighting techniques, consisting of Shaolin boxing, weaponry combat, art of attack and defense, free fighting and qigong(主要包括拳术、器械、技击、散打、气功).

Taiji Boxing太极拳

In traditional Chinese boxing, Taiji Boxing has its unique effect on cultivating moral character, keeping physical fitness and self-defending against violence(修身、健身和防身的效果). Regular practice of Taiji will be of great benefit to the central nervous system中央神经系统, the blood circulation system血液循环系统 and the respiratory [r?'sp?r?t(?)r?] system呼吸系统, and now it has already become a very popular exercise for keeping physical fitness all over the worl d.

The Origins of Taiji Boxing 太极拳源流

Ancient Chinese called the universe Taiji太极，the Supreme Ultimate, and they explained the mechanism of boxing according to the ancient Chinese philosophy of yin and yang, the two opposing principles existing in all things under the heaven, hence the name of Taiji Boxing. This kind of boxing began to be taught and practiced in the transiting years from Ming Dynasty to Qing Dynasty(明末清初) and originated

earliest from Chen Wangting, in Wen County, Henan Province(河南温县的陈王廷),

which was known as Chen Style Taiji Boxing(陈氏太极拳). Later, as it was passed down, the schools of Yang style and Wu style(杨氏、吴氏等流派) were developed and evolved.

中国文字The Chinese Character

The Evolution of Chinese Characters 汉字的演变

The characters of Chinese used by Chinese people carry a full load of thousands of years’ history of China(承载了中国几千的历史). With small changes of in writing methods since ancient times, they are used in all dialects as the common written characters. Therefore, the Chinese characters have played an extremely important role in the inheritance of Chinese civilization（汉字在历史上对中华文明的传承起

到了十分重要的作用）.

The Origin of Chinese Characters 汉字的起源

In legend, there was a figure in remote antiquity(上古时期) named Cang Jie and it was he, as the legend goes, who had created the Chinese characters according to the shapes of all things. So he has the title of “Sage of Character creation(造字圣人) ”, as later generation addressed him. Nevertheless, it is improbable for any single person to create a complicated character system at one time. The characters are actually developed by many people gradually in the long process of invention, accumulation, and evolution.

Standardization and Promulgation ([,prom?l'ɡe??n] 宣传,普及) of Chinese Characters 汉字的规范与传播

At present time, the Chinese language has two systems of standard characters in use, namely, the simplified characters and the original complex characters(简体字和繁体字). The former is used in mainland China, Singapore and Chinese communities in Southeast Asia; while the latter is used in Taiwan, Hong Kong, Macao of China, and also in Chinese circles of North America.

The Simplified Chinese Characters 简化汉字

After the founding of the People’ s Republic of China, the Chinese government established a special institution for the work of simplifying Chinese characters and

popularizing putonghua (普通话the commonly spoken Chinese). The simplification of Chinese characters involves simplifying some of the strokes on the basis of traditional characters, thus forming the simplified ones easy to write. And the corresponding traditional ones are called complex characters.

Beijing Language and Culture University (BLCU) 北京语言大学

BLCU is an international university in China with its main task set at recruiting students abroad, teaching Chinese language and popularizing the Chinese culture. Meanwhile it also undertakes the tasks of providing training courses for teachers specializing in teaching Chinese as a foreign language, and offering preparatory training to candidates intending to go abroad(以招收国外留学生为主的国际型大

学，主要进行汉语和中华文化的传播和教学工作，同时承担着培养对外汉语教

师以及出国预备人员的培训工作). A great number of foreign students come to the university to study every year.

Confucius Institutes 孔子学院

Confucius was a well-known great thinker and educationist in Chinese history. The institutes (or schools) named after him are schools of commonweal(公众福利) for the popularization of Chinese language and culture in the whole world(以孔子命名的学院或学堂是在全世界推广汉语、传播中国语言文化的社会性公益学校), and their headquarters is located in Beijing. In the year of 2004, the first Confucius institute was founded in Seoul of ROK.

常见中国传统文化名词英语翻译

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一、过年由来- - 中国古时侯有一种叫”年”的怪兽，头长尖角，凶猛异常，”年”兽长年深居海底，每到除夕，爬上岸来吞食牲畜伤害人命，因此每到除夕，村村寨寨的人们扶老携幼，逃往深山，以躲避”年”的伤害．今年的除夕，乡亲们都忙着收拾东西逃往深山，这时候村东头来了一个白发老人对一户老婆婆说只要让他在她家住一晚，他定能将”年”兽驱走．众人不信，老婆婆劝其还是上山躲避的好，老人坚持留下，众人见劝他不住，便纷纷上山躲避去了．当”年”兽象往年一样准备闯进村肆虐的时候，突然传来白发老人燃响的爆竹声，”年”兽混身颤栗，再也不敢向前凑了，原来”年”兽最怕红色，火光和炸响．这时大门大开，只见院内一位身披红袍的老人哈哈大笑，”年”兽大惊失色，仓惶而逃。第二天，当人们从深山回到村里时，发现村里安然无恙，这才恍然大悟，原来白发老人是帮助大家驱逐”年”兽的神仙，人们同时还发现了白发老人驱逐”年”兽的三件法宝．从此，每年的除夕，家家都贴红对联，燃放爆竹，户户灯火通明，守更待岁．这风俗越传越广，成了中国民间最隆重的传统节日”过年”．土家族民间体育活动之一--舞龙灯二、舞龙灯的意义舞龙灯，是中华民族的传统文化活动，各民族都有舞龙灯的习俗，传说，土家族在很早以前没有舞龙习惯。有一年，久旱不雨，禾苗枯黄，溪河断流，来了一位能算天气晴雨阴旱、人间祸福的鬼谷先生，对土家人说：“大家不要愁，今天午后未时排云，戌时下雨，城内下三分，城外下七分”。他这话，被治水的金勾老龙听到后心想，凡间有如此能人还要我管什么水？！顿生嫉妒，便赌气将玉皇大帝命他在城内城外的下雨量倒改过来分。结果，倾盆大雨，水淹城内，房屋倒塌，淹死了许多人这事被当坊土地向玉皇大帝启奏后，玉皇大帝把金勾老龙打入天牢，七天后斩首示众。观音菩萨知道此事向玉皇大帝求情保救老龙。没待观音开口，玉皇大帝就放阴剑把金勾老龙斩成九节。此后，鬼谷先生又来对土家人说：“老龙被斩，是和我赌气而丧命，但他对民间做了不少好事，他死了，你们要为他烧点香纸。”于是，土家人就制作九节金龙，到各村寨起舞，叫人们敬奉，求老龙保佑风调雨顺，五谷丰登。久之，舞龙亦成为土家族的传统习俗。但是，土家舞龙，在城镇是舞全国各地大同小异的布扎龙，在土家山寨舞龙与各地有别，其自成特色。三、清明节的由来我国传统的清明节大约始于周代，已有二千五百多年的历史。清明最开始是一个很重要的节气，清明一到，气温升高，正是春耕春种的大好时节，故有“清明前后，种瓜种豆”。“植树造林，莫过清明”的农谚。后来，由于清明与寒食的日子接近，而寒食是民间禁火扫墓的日子，渐渐的，寒食与清明就合二为一了，而寒食既成为清明的别称，也变成为清明时节的一个习俗，清明之日不动烟火，只吃凉的食品。关于寒食，有这样一个传说：相传春秋战国时代，晋献公的妃子骊姬为了让自己的儿子奚齐继位，就设毒

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100个中国传统文化英文单词 1.元宵节:Lantern Festival 2.刺绣:Embroidery 3.重阳节:Double-Ninth Festival 4.清明节:Tomb sweeping day 5.剪纸:Paper Cutting 6.书法: Calligraphy 7.对联:(Spring Festival) Couplets 8.象形文字:Pictograms/Pictographic Characters 9.雄黄酒:Realgar wine 10.四合院:Siheyuan/Quadrangle 11.战国:Warring States 12.风水 :Fengshui/Geomantic Omen 13.昆曲 :Kunqu Opera 14.长城 :The Great Wall 15.集体舞 :Group Dance 16.黄土高原 :Loess Plateau 17.红白喜事:Weddings and Funerals 18.中秋节:Mid-Autumn Day 19.花鼓戏:Flower Drum Song 20.儒家文化:Confucian Culture 21.中国结:Chinese knotting 22.古装片:Costume Drama 23.武打片:Chinese Swordplay Movie 24.元宵:Tangyuan/Sweet Rice Dumpling (Soup) 25.越剧:Yue Opera 26.火锅:Hot Pot 27.江南:South Regions of the Yangtze River 28.《诗经》:The Book of Songs 29.谜语:Riddle 30.《史记》:Historical Records/Records of the Grand Historian 31.《红楼梦》:A Dream of Red Mansions 32.《西游记》:The Journey to the West 33.除夕:Chinese New Year’s Eve/Eve of the Spring Festival 34.针灸 :Acupuncture 35.唐三彩 :Tri-color Pottery of the Tang Dynasty/ The Tang Tri-colored pottery 36.二人转 : Errenzhuan 37.偏旁 :Radical 38.孟子:Mencius 39.亭 / 阁:Pavilion/ Attic 40.黄梅戏 :Huangmei opera 41.火药 :Gunpowder 42.农历 :Lunar Calendar 43.印 / 玺 :Seal/Stamp 44.腊八节 :The laba Rice Porridge Festival 45.京剧 :Beijing Opera/Peking Opera 46.秦腔 :Crying of Qin People/Qin Opera 47.太极拳 :Tai Chi 48.《本草纲目》: Compendium of Materia Medica 49.天坛 :Altar of Heaven in Beijing 50.小吃摊 :Snack Bar/Snack Stand 51.红双喜 :Double Happiness 52.国子监:Imperial Academy

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如何用英文介绍中国传统文化春节文化 In the old days, New Year's money was given in the form of one hundred copper coins strung together on a red string and symbolized the hope that one would live to be a hundred years old. Today, money is placed inside red envelopes in denominations considered auspicious and given to represent luck and wealth。辞旧岁：bid farewell to the old year 扫房：spring cleaning; general house-cleaning 新春佳节 1.传统中国节日：traditional Chinese festival 2.农历：lunar calendar 3.腊八节：Laba Festival 4.小年：Little New Year 5.除夕：Lunar New Year's Eve 6.春节：the Spring Festival 7.正月初一：Lunar New Year's Day 8.元宵节：the Lantern Festival 9.正月：the first month of the lunar year 10.二月二：Dragon Heads-raising Day 传统习俗 11.喝腊八粥：eat Laba porridge 12.扫尘：sweep the dust 13.扫房：spring cleaning 14.祭灶：offer sacrifices to the God of Kitchen 15.守岁：stay up 16.拜年：pay a New Year's call 17.祭祖：offer sacrifices to one's ancestors 18.祭财神：worship the God of Wealth 19.春联：Spring Festival couplets 20.贴倒福：paste the Chinese character "Fu" upside down 21.去晦气：get rid of the ill-fortune 22.辞旧岁：bid farewell to the old year 23.兆头：omen 24.禁忌：taboo 25.烧香：burn incense 阖家团圆

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传统文化——必备词汇 1. Lantern Festival 元宵节 2. Embroidery 刺绣 3. Double-Ninth Festival 重阳节 4. Tomb Sweeping Day 清明节 5. paper cutting 剪纸 6. Siheyuan/Quadrangle 四合院 7. Warring States 战国 8. Kunqu Opera 昆曲 9. Flower Drum Song 花鼓戏 10. Confucian culture 儒家文化 11. Tang Poetry 唐诗 12. Tang Dynasty 唐朝 13. Mid-Autumn Festival 中秋节 14. Beijing Opera/Peking Opera 京剧 15. Beijing Roast Duck 北京烤鸭 16. Paper Cutting 剪纸 17. lunar calendar 农历 18. the Palace Museum 故宫博物院 19. traditional Chinese festivals 中国传统节日 20. protecting traditional Chinese culture 保护中国传统文化

传统文化——必备句子 1. There are lots of places of interest in Beijing. 2. There are many places of interest where you can experience the traditional Chinese culture in Beijing. 3. I'm glad to hear that you are interested in traditional Chinese festivals. 4. As one of the traditional Chinese festivals, it has been enjoying great popularity in our country 5. My favorite Chinese festival is the Spring Festival which comes on the first day of the Chinese Lunar Year. 6. In a word, it is high time for us to treasure and develop our own valuable culture. 7. In China, these knots stand for friendship, love and good luck. 8. In my opinion, some measures should be taken to protect traditional culture effectively. 一篇好的书面表达，不仅要有亮眼的词汇，语法正确的句子，还要条理清晰地阐述自己的观点，并做到有理有据。下面我们就结合考题来看一看有关传统文化写作的题目和范文。传统文化——写作题目与范文（一）某中学生英文报就“保护中国传统文化”为主题举行英语征文活动。你准备给该报投稿，稿件内容包括： 1. 保护中国传统文化的重要性 2. 列举1-2个你所知道的国家或当地政府文化保护的事例; 3. 谈谈你对文化保护的建议。注意： 1. 字数：120词。 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

中国传统文化英语翻译.

1.香囊(scented sachet)，古代也称“香袋”，通常是用布缝制或彩色丝线编织的袋子，里面塞满香草(aromatic herbs)。香囊最初用来吸汗、驱虫和避邪。香囊不仅有用，而且可作装饰品。它们的形状和大小各异，有圆形、椭圆形和其他形状。它们通常配有精致的图案，每个图案都象征着特别的含义。例如，双鱼或成对蝴蝶图案象征男女之爱;莲花或牡丹花(peony flower)等图案象征女性;松树和仙鹤图案象征长寿;石榴(guava)图案象征很多孩子。漂亮的香囊不仅是装饰品，而且含有丰富的文化和历史内涵。翻译：Scented sachets, also called “fragrant bags” in ancient times, are bags usually sewed with cloth or weaved with multicolor silk threads and stuffed with aromatic herbs. The fragrant bags were originally used for absorbing sweat, repelling insects and warding off evils. Scented sachets are not only useful, but also ornamental. They come in different shapes and sizes, such as round, oval and many others. And they are normally decorated with elaborate patterns, with each pattern symbolizing a special meaning.For instance,a double-fish or double-butterfly pattern smybolizes the love between a man and a woman;patterns like lotus or peony flowers symbolize women;pine and crane patterns symbolize longevity and a guava pattern is the symbol of lots of children.A nice scented sachet is not just an ornament,but more of something that contains cultural and historical richness. 2.中国民间艺术与中国哲学统一于“阴阳(yin-yang)生万物”这一理念。这一理念源于中国原始社会，是对人类的人生感悟的哲学注解。中国人祖先的哲学论断是“近看自己，远观他人”。要理解中华民族民间艺术的原始艺术，这一结论必不可少。人类的本能欲望是生存并通过繁衍(propagation)继续存在。人生来的首要本能是求生，然后是长寿。从原始社会到今天，阴阳和永生的观念始终贯穿中国的社会生活和民族文化。中国民间艺术反映了社会的所有基本哲学理念。翻译：Chinese folk art and Chinese philosophy are unified in the belief that yin-yang produces all living things in the world. Originated in Chinese primitive society, this was the philosophical explanation of human's perception of life. Chinese ancestors philosophical conclusion was to “look at oneself up close and other creatures from afar”，which is essential to the understanding of the primitive art to the folk art of the nation. To live and to continue life through propagation are the two instinctive desires of human. From birth, a person's first instinct is to survive, and then to live a long life. From primitive society to the present day, the view of yin-yang and perpetual life has permeated in all aspects of social life and the national culture of Chinese society.Chinese folk art reflects all of the basic philosophical concepts. 3.象棋(Chinese chess)两人玩的棋盘游戏，源于春秋战国时期的军事战略。早期的象棋由三部分组成:棋子、骰(dice)和棋盘。现代象棋没有骰子,它在棋子和棋盘方面与古代不同。棋盘有9行宽、10行长，共90个交叉点，构成方形网格(grid)。棋子在交叉点上落子或移动。对弈者在棋盘进行象征性的军很战争，部署马匹、战车，根据自己对棋局和游戏规则的理解组织军队。目前，中国象棋已传至全世界，进一步传承、发扬中国传统文化。

中国传统文化英文词汇100个

中国传统文化英文词汇100个 1、元宵节Lantern Festival 2、刺绣Embroidery 3、重阳节Double-Ninth Festival 4、剪纸Paper Cutting 5、书法Calligraphy 6、清明节Tomb-sweeping Day 7、对联(春联)(Spring Festival) Couplers 8、象形文字Pictograms/Pictographic Characters 9、雄黄酒Realgar wine 10、四合院Siheyuan/Quadrangle 11、战国Warring States 12、风水Fengshui/Geomantic Omen 13、昆曲Kunqu Opera 14、长城The Great Wall 15、集体舞Group Dance 16、黄土高原Loess Plateau 17、红白喜事Weddings and Funerals 18、中秋节Mid-Autumn Festival 19、花鼓戏Flower Drum Song 20、儒家文化Confucian Culture 21、中国结Chinese knotting 22、古装片Costume Drama 23、武打片Chinese Swordplay Movie 24、元宵Tangyuan /Sweet Rice Dumpling (Soup) 25、越剧Yue Opera 26、火锅Hot Pot 27、江南South Regions of the Yangtze River 28、《诗经》The Book of Songs 29、谜语riddle 30、《史记》Historical Records /Records of the Grand Historian 31、《红楼梦》 A Dream of Red Mansions 32、《西游记》The Journey to the West 33、除夕Chinese New Year’s Eve /Eve of the Spring Festival 34、针灸Acupuncture 35、唐三彩Tri-color Pottery of the Tang Dynasty/The Tang Tri- colored pottery 36、二人转Errenzhuan 37、偏旁Radical 38、孟子Mencius 39、亭/阁Pavilion/Attic 40、黄梅戏Huangmei Opera 41、火药Gunpowder 42、农历Lunar Calendar 43、印/玺Seal/Stamp 44、腊八节The laba Rice Porridge Festival 45、京腔Beijing Opera/Peking Opera 46、秦腔Crying of Qin People /Qin Opera 47、太极拳Tai Chi 48、《本草纲目》Compendium of Materia Medica 49、天坛Altar of Heaven in Beijing 50、小吃摊Snack Bar/Snack Stand 51、红双喜Double Happiness 52、国子监Imperial Academy 53、春卷Spring Roll(s) 54、莲藕Lotus Root 55、罗盘Luopan 56、故宫博物院The Palace Museum 57、相声Cross-talk/Comic Dialogue 58、五行Five Phases 59、北京烤鸭Beijing Roast Duck 60、《桃花扇》The Peach Blossom Fan 61、木偶戏Puppet Show 62、敦煌莫高窟Mogao Caves 63、电视小品 TV Sketch/TV Skit 64、甲骨文Oracle Bone Inscriptions 65、古筝Chinese Zither 66、二胡Urheen 67、门当户对Perfect Match /Exact Match 68、《水浒》Water Margin /Outlaws of the Marsh 69、文房四宝(笔墨纸砚) The Four Treasure of the Study (Brush, Inkstick, Paper and Inkstone) 70、兵马俑Cotta Warriors /Terracotta Army 71、旗袍Cheongsam

中国传统文化英语翻译

１、香囊(sｃentedｓachet）,古代也称“香袋”，通常就是用布缝制或彩色丝线编织得袋子，里面塞满香草（aｒomatic herｂs）。香囊最初用来吸汗、驱虫与避邪。香囊不仅有用,而且可作装饰品。它们得形状与大小各异,有圆形、椭圆形与其她形状。它们通常配有精致得图案，每个图案都象征着特别得含义。例如，双鱼或成对蝴蝶图案象征男女之爱;莲花或牡丹花(pｅｏny flower)等图案象征女性；松树与仙鹤图案象征长寿;石榴(guava)图案象征很多孩子。漂亮得香囊不仅就是装饰品，而且含有丰富得文化与历史内涵。翻译：Scenteｄsaｃhets, alｓo called “fragrant bagｓ"in ancient tiｍes，are b ａgs usｕally sｅwｅｄwitｈcloth ｏr weａvｅd with mulｔiｃoｌor sｉlk threａd ｓand ｓtuffeｄwith aromaｔicｈerbｓ、The fragrant ｂａｇs ｗere orｉｇinally used ｆor abｓorbing sweat,reｐeｌling insｅcts ａnｄwardingｏfｆeｖiｌs、Sceｎtｅd sacheｔs are ｎotｏnly uｓｅful, bｕt also ｏrｎaｍentａｌ、Thｅy e in diｆfｅrent ｓhapeｓand siｚes, such as rouｎｄ,ｏvaｌａnd ｍanｙothｅr ｓ、Ａnd thｅy arｅｎoｒｍally decｏrａted with elａborate pａtteｒns, with ｅａch patteｒn symbolizing a sｐecｉal meaｎiｎg、Fｏr ｉnｓｔaｎce，ａｄouble－fｉｓh oｒｄoｕbｌe-butterflyｐaｔtern sｍyboliｚes thｅlove ｂetweｅｎa man an ｄａｗoｍaｎ；paｔterｎs ｌｉke lotus or peony floweｒs symbｏlｉzｅwomen;piｎe aｎd crane pａtternｓsymｂoｌｉze longｅvity and a guａｖa paｔternｉs tｈe symbol of loｔs oｆchiｌdren、A nｉｃe scｅnｔed sacheｔｉs not ｊust an ornament,bｕt morｅｏf sometｈinｇｔｈat cｏnｔainｓcuｌtural and his ｔoriｃal rｉchneｓs、 2、中国民间艺术与中国哲学统一于“阴阳（yin－yaｎg）生万物”这一理念。这一理念源于中国原始社会，就是对人类得人生感悟得哲学注解.中国人祖先得哲学论断就是“近瞧自己,远观她人”。要理解中华民族民间艺术得原始艺术，这一结论必不可少。人类得本能欲望就是生存并通过繁衍（pｒopagatiｏｎ)继续存在。人生来得首要本能就是求生，然后就是长寿。从原始社会到今天,阴阳与永生得观念始终贯穿中国得社会生活与民族文化。中国民间艺术反映了社会得所有基本哲学理念. 翻译:Cｈinese ｆolｋarｔaｎdＣhinesｅphilosoｐhy aｒe ｕniｆｉed inｔhe ｂｅlief thatｙｉn—yaｎg produces aｌl lｉving things ｉn tｈe ｗorlｄ、OrｉginateｄiｎＣhinesｅprimitiveｓｏｃiety, tｈiｓwas thｅｐhilosophｉcal expｌaｎａtiｏn of humaｎ＇s pｅｒception of life、Cｈinｅse ancｅstorｓpｈilosｏphｉcaｌｃoｎcluｓiｏn ｗasｔｏ“ｌｏok atｏnｅself up cｌose aｎｄｏther creａtｕres from afａｒ"，whiｃh ｉs essentｉal to the uｎdeｒsｔａｎdingｏf the priｍｉｔi ｖe ａｒtｔｏthe folk art ｏｆｔｈe naｔiｏn、To lｉｖe and tｏｃonｔinｕe life through propagation ａｒe ｔｈeｔwo ｉｎstinctｉve ｄｅsires of huｍan、From birth,ａpｅrson'sｆirｓt iｎsｔinct is to sｕrvive, and tｈen to livｅａlｏng li ｆｅ、Ｆrom primｉtｉvｅｓociｅtyｔｏthe present day，ｔｈe ｖｉew of yiｎ-yanｇand perpetuａl lｉfe hａs peｒmeated ｉn all aspectｓoｆsociaｌlife and ｔhe natｉonａｌcｕlｔｕｒe of Chiｎesｅｓocｉeｔy、Ｃｈineｓe folk aｒt ｒe ｆｌects alｌof the basicｐhｉlosｏphicａｌｃoncｅpts、

中国传统文化(英语专业英文版)

秦始皇： The First Emperor united the language,the measurement system and the currency, set up the prefectures and countries system, constructed the famous Great Wall and built extravagant palaces and mausoleums. 独生子女政策： Since the late 1970s, the Chinese government has been implementing the policy of family planning, or “one child policy”, hoping to control the population increase, improve population quality, promote the development of the economy and society, and protect the environment. 中国哲学发展六个时期： The philosophy in pre-Qin times The orthodox philosophy during the Han Dynasty Metaphysics during the Wei and Jin Dynasties The Buddhist philosophy during the Sui and Tang dynasties Neo-Confucianism in Song and Ming dynasties Application philosophy in the Ming and Qing dynasties 中国伦理道德的特点 1.Seeking harmony and maintaining equilibrium: harmony seeks peace, compromise, concord, and unison. Maintaining equilibrium is the ultimate purpose of harmony. 2.Collectivism over individualism: traditional Chinese values attach great importance to collective interest. The interest of the society, the country and the family has always been given top prioity. An individual’s value can be realized within the group. 道家： Taoism is a school founded by Lao Zi and Zhuang Zi. The school advocates the doctrine that the Dao is the course, the principle, the substance, and the standard of all things, to which people must conform. Based one the work of Lao Zi or Dao De Jing. Taoism promotes the belief that a person should live a simple life, not to strive for wealth, fame or power, which will only give one worries and trouble.The school favors the political of “achieving good government through non-action”. 四书五经： The Great Learning, The Doctrine Of the Mean, The Analects of Confucius and Mencius; The Book of Poems, The Book of History, The Book of Rites, The Book of Changes, And The Book of Spring and Autumn Annals. 活字印刷术： Block printing was probably invented between the Sui and Tang dynasties. The process of block printing started with the cutting of wood into blocks, and then characters were engraved in relief on the blocks. Ink was brushed on the engraved block and a white sheet of paper was spread across it and then brushed with a clean brush one its back, leaving an image when the paper was removed. 北京四合院屏风的作用： To prevent outsiders from peeping in, apart from security, it provides protection against dust and storms.offers space, comfort and privacy. 八大菜系： Shandong Guangdong Sichuan Jiangsu Zhejiang Hunan Anhui Fujian cuisines 五茶：green tea，black tea, oolong tea,compressed tea,and scented tea.

与中国传统文化相关的英语词汇

与中国传统文化相关的英语词汇，一起来看一下吧。风水：Fengshui; geomantic omen 阳历：solar calendar 阴历：lunar calendar 闰年：leap year 十二生肖：zodiac 春节：the Spring Festival 元宵节：the Lantern Festival 清明节：the Tomb-sweeping Day 端午节：the Dragon-boat Festival 中秋节：the Mid-autumn Day 重阳节：the Double-ninth Day 七夕节：the Double-seventh Day 春联：spring couplets 春运：the Spring Festival travel 把中国的汉字“福”字倒贴在门上(听起来像是福到)预示新年有好运：turn the Chinese character for luck (fu) upside down to make “dao”(which sounds like arrival) and put it on your door to bring in good fortune for the new year 庙会：temple fair 爆竹：firecracker 年画：(traditional) New Year pictures 压岁钱：New Year gift-money 舞龙：dragon dance 舞狮：lion dance 元宵：sweet sticky rice dumplings 花灯：festival lantern 灯谜：lantern riddle 食物对于中国佳节来说至关重要，但甜食对于农历新年特别重要，因为他们能让新的一年更加甜蜜。 Food is central to all Chines festivals, but sugary snacks are especially important for Lunar New Year, since they sweetne up prospects for the coming year. 传统的佳节食物包括年糕、八宝饭、饺子、果脯和瓜子。 Traditional holiday treats include nian gao (rice pudding), ba bao fan (eight treasure rice), jiao zi (crispy dumplings), candied fruits and seeds. 四合院：Siheyuan/ Quadrangle 亭/阁：pavilion/attic 刺绣：Embroidery 剪纸：Paper Cutting 书法：Calligraphy 针灸：Acupuncture 象形文字：Pictograms/Pictographic Characters 偏旁：radical 战国：Warring States 人才流动：Brain Drain/Flow

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