美国文学选读21

The differences in admission system and the examination system are the root causes of the differences between Chinese and American college entrance exams.
SAT----The Scholastic Assessment Test
Xu Qiqi Zhang Minxue Zhao Jingjing
• 1.What is SAT? • 2.Why take the SAT subjects test? • 3.who take SAT?
• 4.when to take SAT? • 5.The position of SAT. • 6.Campare with chinese college entrance examination.
is
SAT?
. SAT consists of three major sections: Critical Reading,
Mathematics, and Writing. • The SAT is offered seven times a year in the United States; in October, November, December, January, March (or April, alternating), May, and June. The test is typically offered on the first Saturday of the month for the November, December, May, and June administrations. In other countries, the SAT is offered on the same dates as in the United States except for the first spring test date (i.e., March or April), which is not offered.

《美国文学选读》第二版Selected Reading in American Literature内容简介：《美国文学选读》第二版(Selected Reading in American Literature)是高等院校英语专业教材，也可供师范校、教育学院、广播电视大学及社会上英语自学者学习使用。

本书以20世纪美国重要作家的作品为主，同时收有l8、19世纪的经典作家的作品，在体裁上兼顾小说、诗歌、戏剧与散文。

本书的序言简要介绍美国文学发展的历史、各阶段重要的文学流派及代表性作家与作品。

文部分共26个单元，每单元包括“作者简介”、“赏析”、“选文”、“注释”和“问题”等五个方面。

如果选文为长篇作的选段，每一单元后面还附有该作家的一些箴言名句。

目录：Unit 1Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790)The Autobiography (Excerpt)Unit 2Edgar Allan Poe (1809-1849)The Cask of AmontilladoUnit 3Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803-1882)Self-Reliance (Excerpt)Unit 4Nathaniel Hawthorne (1804-1864)The Scarlet Letter-- Chapter 2Unit 5Herman Melville (1819-1891)Moby Dick -- Chapter 41Unit 6Henry David Thoreau (1817-1862) Walden -- Chapter 2 (Excerpt)Unit 719th-Century American PoetsHenry Wadsworth Longfellow (1807- 1882) Edgar Allan Poe (1809-1849)Walt Whitman (1819-1892)Emily Dickinson (1830-1886)Unit 8Mark Twain (1835-1910)The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County Unit 9Henry James (1843-1916)The Jolly CornerUnit 10 Stephen Crane (1871-1900)The Open BoatUnit 11 Willa Cather (1873-1947)Miss JewettUnit 12 Sherwood Anderson (1876-1941)The Triumph of the EggUnit 13 Katherine Anne Porter (1890-1980)The Jilting of Granny Weatherall 143Unit 14 F.Scott Fitzgerald (1896-1940)The Great Gatsby -- Chapter 9Unit 15 William Faulkner (1897-1962)Barn BurningUnit 16 Ernest Hemingway (1899-1961)A Clean, Well-Lighted PlaceUnit 1720th-Century American Poets (I)Ezra Pound (1885-1972)Wallace Stevens (1879-1955)William Carlos Williams (1883-1963)Robert Frost (1874-1963)Langston Hughes (1902-1967)Archibald MacLeish (1892-1982)Unit 18Eugene Glastone O'Neill (1888-1953) Desire Under the Elms -- Scene IVUnit 19 Elwyn Brooks White (1899-1985)Once More to the LakeUnit 20Tennessee Williams (1911-1983)A Streetcar Named DesireUnit 21Ralph Waldo Ellison (1914-1994) Invisible Man -- ChapterUnit 2220th-Century American Poets (II)Robert Lowell (1917-1977) Elizabeth Bishop (1911-1979) ……Unit 23Arthur Miller(1915- ) Unit 24Saul Bellow(1915-2005) Unit 25 Joseph Heller(1923-1999) Unit 26 Toni Morrison(1931- )。

美国文学选读知识点整理1．Benjamin Franklin(1706~1790)Poor Richard’s AlmanacThe Autobiography2．Edgar Allan Poe(1809~1849)Tamerlane and Other PoemsMurders in the Rue MorguePoemsThe Purloined LetterThe Raven and other PoemsThe Gold BugTales of the Grotesque and ArabesqueThe Philosophy of CompositionTalesThe Poetic PrincipleThe Fall of the House of UsesAl AraafThe Red Masque of the Red Death LigeiaThe Black CatThe Cask of AmontilladoAnnabel LeeSonnet--To ScienceTo Helen3．Ralph Waldo Emerson(1803~1882） Nature Self-RelianceThe American ScholarThe Divinity School AddressEssays:First SeriesEssays：Second SeriesRepresentative menEnglish TraitsThe Conduct of LifePoemsMay-Day and Other PiecesNathaniel Hawthorne(1804~1864)FanshaweTwice-told TalesMosses from an Old ManseScarlet LetterThe House of the Seven GablesThe Blithedale RomanceThe Marble Faun4．Herman Melville(1819~1891)TypeeOmooMardiRedburnWhite JacketMoby DickThe Confidence ManBattle PiecesClarelTimoleonBilly Budd5．Henry David Thoreau(1817~1862)On the Duty of Civil DisobedienceA Week on the Concord and Merrimack RiverWalden6．Henry Wadsworth Longfellow(1807~11882) V oices ofthe NightBallads and Other PoemsEvangelineThe Song of HiawathaI shot an ArrowA Psalm of Life7．Walt Whitman(1819~1892)Leaves of GrassOne’s Self I SingO Captain!My Captain8．Emily Dickinson(1830~1886)To Make a PrairieSuccess Is Counted SweetestI’m Nobody!9．Mark Twain (1835~1910)The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras CountryThe Innocents AbroadThe Gilded AgeThe Adventures of Tom SawyerLife on the MississippiThe Adventures of Hucklebeerry finnA Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur’s Court The Tragedy of Pudd’nhead WilsonThe Man That Corrupted Hadleyburg10．Henry James(1843~1916)A Passionate PilgrimRoderick HudsonThe Novels and Tales of Henry JamesThe AmericanDaisy MillerThe Portrait of a LadyThe BostoniansThe Princess of CasamassimaThe Spoils of PoyntonThe Turn of the ScrewThe Awkward AgeThe Wings of the DoveThe AmbassadorsThe Golden BowlThe Art of FictionThe American SceneThe Jolly Corner11．Stephen Crane(1871~1900)Maggie:A Girl of the StreetsThe Red Badge of CourageThe Open BoatThe Bride Comes to Y ellow SkyThe Blue Hotel12．Willa Cather(1873~1947)Miss Jewett13．Sherwood Anderson（176~1941）Windy McPherson’s SonWinesburg,OhioMarching MenPoor WhiteThe triumph of the Egg and Other StoriesHorses and MenMany MarriagesDark LaughterBeyond DesireDeath in the Woods and Other Stories14．Katherine Anne Porter（1890~1980）The Flowering JudasPale Horse,Pale RiderThe Leaning TowerThe Old OrderOld MortalityA Ship of FoolsThe Jilting of Granny Weatherall15．F.Scott Fitzgerald（1896~1940）This Side of ParadiseThe Beautiful and the DamnedFlappers and PhilosophersTales of the Jazz AgeThe Great GatsbyTender is the NightThe Crack-Up16．William Faulkner(1897~1962)The Marble FaunSoldier’s PayThe Sound and the FuryMosquitoesAs I Lay DyingLight in AugustAbsalom,AbsalomThe HamletSartorisThe T ownThe MansionBarn Burning17．Ernest Hemingway(1899~1961)In Our TimeThe Sun Also RisesA Farewell to ArmsFor Whom the Bell TollsThe Old Man and the SeaA Clean,Well-Lighted Place18．Ezra Pound(1885~1972)ExultationsPersonaeCathayCantosDes ImagistesIn a Station of the Metro19．Wallace Stevens(1879~1955)The Necessary AngelAnecdote of the Jar20．William Carlos Williams(1883~1963) Collected Later PoemsCollected Early PoemsPatersonThe Red WheelbarrowSpring and All21．Robert Frost(1874~1963)A Boy’s WillNorth of BostonNew HamphshireCollected PoemsA Further RangeA Witness TreeFire and IceStopping by Woods on a Snowy EveningThe Road Not Taken22．Langston Hughes(1902~1967)The Weary BluesFine Clothes to the JewThe Dream Keeper and Other PoemsShakespeare in HarlemDreamsMe and the MuleBorder Line23．Archibald MacLeish(1892~1982)The Happy MarriageThe Poet of EarthConquistadorCollected PoemsJ.B.Ars Poetica24．Eugene Glastone O’Neill(1888~1953) Bound East for CardiffIn The ZoneThe Long V oyage HomeThe Moon of the CaribeesEmperor JonesThe Hairy ApeThe Great God BrownStrange InterludeDesire Under the ElmsMourning Becomes ElectraThe Iceman ComethA Touch of the PoetLong Day’s Journey Into NightThe Moon for the MisbegottenHughieMore Stately Mansions25．Eiwyn Brooks White(1899~1985) Talk of the TownIs Sex NecessaryElements of StyleStuart LittleCharlotte’s WebQuo V adimus or The Case for the Bicycle One Man’s MeatThe Points of My CompassLetters of E.B,whiteEssays of E.B,whitePoems and Sketches of E.B.White Writings from The New Y orkerOnce More to the Lake 26．Tennessee Williams(1911~1983) The Glass MenagerieA Streetcar Named DesireCat On a Hot Tin RoofSummer and SmokeThe Rose TattooCamino RealOrpheus DescendingSuddenly Last SummerThe Sweet Bird of Y outhThe Night of the Lguana27．Ralph Waldo Ellison(1914~1994) Invisible ManShadow and ActGoing to the Territory28．Robert Lowell(1917~1977)Lord Weary’s CastleLife StudiesThe DolphinSkunk Hour29．Elizabeth Bishop(1911~1979)North and SouthCollected PoemsGeography IIIIn the Waiting Room30．Theodore Roethke(1908~1963）The Waking PoemsThe Collected PoemsOn the Poet and His Craft：Selected Prose 31．Allen Ginsberg（1926~1997）HowlA Supermarket in California32．Sylvia Plath（1932~1963）The ColossusArielWinter TreesThe Bell JarLetters HomePoint Shirley33．Robert Hayden （1913~1980）Frederick Douglass34．Robert Bly（1926~）The Light Around the BodyThe SixtiesDriving Through Minnesota During the Hanoi Bombing 35．Maya Angelou（1928~）Still I Rise36．Arthur Miller（1915~2005） All My SonseDeath of a SalesmanThe CrucibleA View from the BridgeAfter the FallThe Archbishop’s CellingThe Misfits37．Saul Bellow（1915~2005） Dangling manThe VictimThe Adventures of Augie MarchHenderson the Rain KingHerzogSeize the DayMr.Sammler’s PlanetHumbolt’s GiftThe Dean’s DecemberMore Die of HeartbreakThe TheftThe ActualRavelsteinMosby’s Memories and Other StoriesThe Last AnalysisLooking for Mr.Green38．Joseph Heller（1923~1999） We Bombed in New HavenSomething HappenedGood as GoldGod KnowsCatch-2239．Toni Morrison（1931~）The Bluest EyeSulaSong of SolomonTar BabyBelovedJazzParadiseLoveA MercyRecitatif40．Louise Erdrich（1954~）Love MedicineThe Beet QueenTracksThe Crown of ColumbusThe Bingo PalaceTales of Burning LoveThe Antelope WifeThe Last Report on the Miracles at Little No Horse The Master Butchers Singing ClubFour SoulsThe Painted DrumThe Plague of DovesShadow TagLulu’s Boys。

Answer key for Lesson 10V.CABDCVI.1.Richard Atkinson investigated the problems by personally reading the manuals and sampletests to review and assess the verbal and mathematical questions. Besides, he visited schools to find students’ responses to SAT exams.2.After the investigation, he proposed that SAT I should be scrapped. His proposal has caused ahuge stir on campuses nationwide and rekindled long-standing arguments about the test.3.The College Board argues that SAT measures the sort of higher-order math andliterary-reasoning skills that students need to succeed in college and later in life and that the test correlates well with freshman-year college grades.4.They have adopted college admission systems based in part on class is automatically admittedto state universities.5.Their worry is that it is only a matter of time before there is pressure to scrap subject-areatests and getting rid of the SAT is the first step in a wretched direction.6.SAT I refers to the tests on higher-order math and literary-reasoning skills. Many critics thinkthe questions are confusing and verbal analogies too obscure. SAT II refers to the subject-specific achievement tests which measure knowledge in such areas as writing, math, physics, history and foreign language.7.The test debate will not die down anytime soon.Answer key for Lesson 11V.B C B A DVI.1.The insurance company has refused Lorraine Hiskey’s medical bill, because the companyclaimed that her treatment was “experimental”.2.Politicians have focused attention on the 35 million Americans who have no health coverage.3.The kind of medical care deemed experimental, unproven, unnecessery or to inappropriate isdenied coverage。

第21单元拉尔夫•华尔多•埃利森21.1复习笔记I.Introduction to author（作者简介）1.Life（生平）Ralph Waldo Ellison(1914-1994)was born in Oklahoma City.From his birth, Ellison’s parents knew he was bound for prosperity.His father even named him for the great writer Ralph Waldo Emerson in an effort to ensure such success.Mrs. Ellison,a maid,would bring home books,magazines,and record albums that had been discarded in the homes she cleaned.Ellison revered and admired the musicians of his area.At Douglas High School,Ellison followed his inclination toward music.From there,he went to Tuskegee Institute on a scholarship and dreamed of writing a symphony.After there was a mix-up with his scholarship, Ellison chose to go north in order to save money for tuition.Arriving in New York, Ellison found it difficult to find work and even harder to find work as a musician. The result was a succession of odd jobs at Harlem’s YMCA with a psychiatrist.There Ellison acted as a file clerk and a receptionist,and held various other jobs around town.During this time,Ellison met the writer Richard Wright, who encouraged him to be a writer rather than a musician.From this point on, Ellison followed a life of writing in which he earned many awards.拉尔夫·华尔多·埃利森(1914—1994)出生在俄克拉荷马市。

1、Benjamin Franklin（1706-1790）本杰明·富兰克林He is the representative of the Enlightenment in America in 18th century. Humanist, statesman, writer, scientist, inventor.The Autobiography《自传》♂简析：The book is about the course of Franklin's struggle for success. It tells us the importance of being diligent. The book had a great influence on American people,and changed the destinies of many youth.It is the first America successful biographical work（传记文学）, has an important position in the history of American Literaturel.Poor Richard’s Almanac 《格言历书》♂简析：A collection of maxims （格言），or proverbs, on the value of work and savings for success.2、Edgar Allan Poe(1809-1849) 埃德加·爱伦·坡 Novelist,poet,critic.Good at writing Gothic（哥特式）and detective fiction.Father of western detective stories and psychoanalytic criticism.（扩展：文学理论建树不容忽视，影响深远。

英美文学选读自考题模拟21(总分100, 做题时间90分钟)Ⅰ.Multiple ChoiceSelect from the four choices of each item the one that best answers the question or completes the statement. Mark your choice by blackening the corresponding letter A, B, C or D on the answer sheet.1.______ is a master satirist. His satire is usually masked by an outward gravity and an apparent earnestness which renders his satire all the more powerful.SSS_SINGLE_SELA Jonathan SwiftB Daniel DefoeC Henry FieldingD Thomas Gray分值: 1答案:A[解析] 本题主要考查的知识点为斯威夫特的文学地位。

斯威夫特是讽刺作品大师，他的讽刺笔触极具力度。

2.In the Romantic Age, ______ is a great critic on Shakespeare, Elizabethan drama, and English poetry.SSS_SINGLE_SELA ByronB Jane AustenC William HazlittD William Blake分值: 1答案:C[解析] 本题主要考查的知识点为英国浪漫主义时期伟大的评论家。

在英国文学的浪漫主义时期，威廉·赫兹利特是专门评论莎士比亚、伊丽莎白戏剧及英国诗歌的伟大评论家。

3.Robert Browning who created the verse novel by adopting the novelistic presentation of characters, was among the famous ______ poet.SSS_SINGLE_SELA neoclassicalB realisticC experimentalD victorian分值: 1答案:C4.Which of the following is NOT a typical feature of Modernism?SSS_SINGLE_SELA To elevate the individual and inner being over the social being.B To put the stress on traditional values.C To portray the distorted and alienated relationships between man and his environment.D To advocate a conscious break with the past.分值: 1答案:B[解析] 本题主要考查的知识点为现代主义的典型特征。

《美国文学选读》课程教学大纲课程名称：美国文学选读课程类别：专业选修课适用专业：英语考核方式：考查总学时、学分：32学时,2 学分其中实验学时：0 学时一、课程教学目的《美国文学选读》是英语语言文学专业本科四年级学生的选修课程，是为培养理解和鉴赏美国文学原著的能力而设置的一门专业理论课程。

设置本课程旨在使学生在掌握美国文学源流和发展的基础之上，通过阅读具有代表性的美国文学作品，理解作品的内容，学会分析作品的艺术特色并努力掌握正确评价文学作品的标准和方法，增强对作品中表现的社会生活和人物感情的理解，提高语言基本功和阅读文学作品的能力和鉴赏水平。

二、课程教学要求本课程要求学生了解美国文学各个时期的代表性人物和其代表性作品。

熟悉构成不同文学体裁的基本要素,基本把握不同作家,不同流派的风格和文体特点。

对所学篇章的思想内容,文化内涵有较为深入的了解；能够识别作品中运用的各种文学修饰手段。

在主要提高阅读能力的同时,争取口头表达能力也有较大提高,特别是能用明白,准确的英语就熟悉和感兴趣的主题表达自己的观点和意见。

三、先修课程综合英语，英语阅读，英语国家概况四、课程教学重、难点1.教学重点：美国殖民地时期、理性与革命时期和浪漫主义时期的历史背景，文学流派，主要思想、主要作家作品及文学表现手法。

2.教学难点：美国殖民地时期、理性与革命时期和浪漫主义时期文学产生的历史、文化背景，文学创造的基本特征，基本主张，及其对同时代和后期美国文学的影响。

主要作家的文学创作生涯，人生观及价值观及其代表作品的主题思想、人物刻画、语言风格。

五、课程教学方法与教学手段课堂讲授和研讨相结合，教师布置学生课前对作家生平和历史背景进行研究，并向学生提供参考书目和相关网站；课堂上进行重点阅读和分析；组织课堂讨论，鼓励新视角和新思维；并通过影视、多媒体等手段辅助教学，在期中和期末布置学期论文和考查来检验教学效果。

六、课程教学内容第1章：Introduction（2课时）1．教学内容美国文学自殖民时期至第二次世界大战之后的发展纲要及作家网络。

英美文学选读要点总结精心整理3美国浪漫主义时期I). Washington Irving华盛顿.欧文11. He is regarded as Father of the American short stories.他是美国浪漫主义文学代表作家之一,美国短篇小说之父。

12. With the publication of The Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon, Irving won a measure of international fame on both sides of the Atlantic.1819年至1820年，欧文出版了《见闻札记》，该书为欧文获得了欧美两大洲的文学荣誉。

13. A History of New York---He parodies or imitates Homer.《纽约史》在多方面模仿了荷马。

14. Like the two famous personae he created, Diedrich Knickerbocker and Geoffrey Crayon, Irving remained a conservative and always exalted a disappearing past.他所创造的两个人物Diedrich Knickerbocker和Geoffrey Crayon和他一样，都停留在对过去的事情的津津乐道上。

15. We hear rather than read, for there is musicality in almost every line of his prose. We seldom learn a moral lesson because he wants us amused and relaxed.他的作品行文优美流畅，犹如音乐。

他的作品寓教于乐，给人以轻松安逸之感，如入梦境。

10) What was the message contained in the engraved document? "To Whom It May Concern, Keep This Negro-Boy Running."
1) Why do you think the protagonist is invited to make his graduation speech before the town's big shots? 2) When making the speech, the protagonist inadvertently utters "social equality" where "social responsibility" is intended, thus causing an explosive silence and displeasure. Do you think this is merely a slip of tongue? Why? (Why not?) 3) How do you understand the message "Keep This Nigger-Boy Running?
the end Thank you
3) What was the occasion for the protagonist's second presentation of his graduation speech? It was the occasion of a smoker (a party for men only (or one considered suitable for men only) .

3.What has happened to Hester? As a young woman, Hester married an elderly scholar, Chillingworth, who sent her ahead to America to live. While waiting for him, she had an affair witha Puritan minister named Dimmesdale, after which she gave birth to Pearl. The scarlet letter is her punishment for her sin and her secrecy. Why does she make the embroidery of the letter A so elaborate?
3.Is it significant that Thoreau mentioned the Fourth ofJuly as the day on which he began to stay in the woods?Why?
Yes, it is.Because The Fourth of July is known asIndependence Day,the birthdayofthe United States.HereThoreau uses the day to express his beginningof regeneration at Walden.It also means a symbol of hisconquest of being.
This belief fits into the larger Puritan doctrine, which puts heavy emphasis on the idea of original sin—the notion that all people are born sinners because of the initial transgressions of Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden. he is therefore using the prison building to represent the crime and the punishment which are aspect of civilized life. What is the implication of the description of the roses?The rosebush symbolizes the ability of nature to endure and outlast man's activities. The narrator suggests that roses offer a reminder of Nature's kindness to the condemned; for his tale, he says, it will provide either a “sweet moral blossom” or else some relief in the face of unrelenting sorrow and gloom.

浙江省2019年4月高等教育自学考试美国文学选读试题课程代码：10055Ⅰ.Choose the relevant match from column B for each item in column A. (10%) Write your answers on the Answer sheet.Section AColumn A Column B1.Nathaniel Hawthorne A. This Side of Paradise2.Herman Melville B. The Sketch Book3.F.Scott Fitzgerald C. The Scarlet Lette r4.Ernest Hemingway D.A Farewell to Arms5.Washington Irving E.White JacketSection BColumn A Column B1.Fedallah A. The Great Gatsbydred Douglas B.A Rose for Emily3.George Hurstwood C. Moby Dick4.Tom Buchanan D.Sister Carrie5.Homer Barren E.The Hairy ApeⅡ.Complete each of the following statements with a proper word or a phrase according to the textbook.(10%) Write your answers on the Answer sheet.1.To Hawthorne and Melville every person is a sinner, therefore great moral ______ isindispensable for the improvement of human nature.2.In his poems, Walt Whitman is innovative in the terms of the form of his poetry. In his Leaves ofGrass he sings of the “______”and the self as well.3.The three dominant figures of the American Realistic Period are William Dean Howells, ______,and Henry James.4.Henry James's emphasis on psychology and on the human consciousness proves to be a bigbreakthrough in novel writing and had great influence on the coming generations. That is why he is generally regarded as the forerunner of the 20th-century “______”.5.More than five hundred poems Dickinson wrote are about nature, in which her general ______about the relationship between man and nature is well-expressed.6.The expatriate writers in American modern literature were later called “______”.7.In his novels, Hemingway dramatizes the sense of ______ among the post-war generation whoare physically and psychologically scarred.8.John Steinbeck is a novelist of the 1930s. His The Grapes of Wrath is a record of the life of thedispossessed and the wretched farmers during ______.9.Robert Frost, unlike his contemporaries in the early 20th century, he learned from the______,especially the familiar conventions of nature poetry and of classical pastoral poetry. 10.Faulkner's Yoknapatawpha County has become an allegory or a parable of the _____ ofAmericA.Ⅲ.Each of the following statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement.(50%) Write your answers on the Answer sheet.1.In the middle of 19th century, America witnessed a cultural flowering which is called “______”.A. the English RenaissanceB. the American RenaissanceC. the Second RenaissanceD.the Salem Renaissance2.The main issues involved in the debate of Transcendentalism are generallyphilosophical, concerning ______.A. the cold, rigid rationalism of UnitarianismB. the relationship between man and womanC. the development of Romanticism in AmericaD. nature, man and the universe3.______ is unanimously agreed to be the summit of the American Romanticism in the history ofAmerican literature.A. New England TranscendentalismB. England TranscendentalismC. the Harlem RenaissanceD. New Transcendentalism4.About the novel The Scarlet Letter, which of the following statements is right?A. It's a love story and a story of sin.B. It's not a highly symbolic story though the author is a master of symbolism.C. It's mainly about the moral, emotional and psychological effects of the sin upon the maincharacters and the people in general.D. In it the letter A takes the same symbolic meaning throughout the novel.5.Moby-Dick is usually considered ______.A. a symbolic voyage of the mind in quest of the truth and knowledge of the universeB. a spiritual exploration into man's deep reality and psychologyC. a simple whaling tale or sea adventureD. both A and B6.The Civil War had transformed America from ______ to ______.A. an agrarian community…a society of freedom and equalityB. an agrarian community…an industrialized and commercialized societyC. an industrialized and commercialized society…a highly developed societyD. a poor and backward society…an industrialized and commercialized society7.Which of the following is said of the American naturalism?A. They preferred to have their own region and people at the forefront of the stories.B. Their characteristic setting is an isolated town.C. Their characters were conceived more or less complex combinations of inherited attributes, theirhabits conditioned by social and economic forces.D. Humans should be united because they had to adapt themselves to changing environmentalconditions.8.Which of the following is not right about Mark Twain's style of language?A. His words are colloquial, concrete and direct in effect.B. His sentence structures are simple, even ungrammatical, which is typical of the spoken language.C. His humor is remarkable and characterized by puns, straight-faced exaggeration, repetition andanti-climax.D. His style of language had exerted only a limited influence on the contemporary writers.9.Which of the following is not written by Henry James?A. The Portrait of A Lady and The EuropeansB. The Wings of the Dove and The AmbassadorsC. The Marble Faun and The Gilded AgeD. What Maisie Knows and The Bostonians10.Dickinson's poems are usually based on her own experiences, her sorrows and joys. But many ofher little lyrics concern ______.A. the whole human beings, which include religion, death, immortality, love, and natureB. the lower-class working people who live a life of poverty and sordidnessC. the middle-class people who live in confusion and in void of faithD. the upper-class people who live in comfort and idleness11.Which of the following is not right about Emily Dickinson's poems about nature?A. In them, she expressed her general skepticism about the relationship between man and natureB. Some of them showed her belief that there existed a mythical bond between man and nature.C. Her poems reflected her feeling that nature is restorative to human beingsD. Many of them showed her feeling of nature's inscrutability and indifference to the life andinterests of human beings12.As a great innovator in American literature, Walt Whitman wrote his poetry in anunconventional style which is now called ______,that is ______.A. hymn…poetry with chanting refrainsB. blank verse…poetry without rhymes at the end of the lines but with a fixed beatC. free verse…poetry without a fixed beat or regular rhyme schemeD. ode…poetry in an irregular metric form and expressing noble feelings13.One of the features of Emily Dickinson's poetry is that ______.A. they are long and whimsical in imageryB. they are short and often based on one single imageC. they are very musical and colorfulD. they are very political and situational14.By the end of the 19th century, the realists had rejected the portrayal of idealized charactersand events and, instead, sought to______.A. describe the wide range of American experienceB. present the subtleties of human personalityC. show animal nature of human beingsD. both A and B15.In the first part of the 20th century, apart from Darwinism, which was still a big influence uponthe writers of this period, there were two thinkers______whose ideas had the greatest impact on the period.A. the German Karl Marx and the American Sigmund FreudB. the German Karl Marx and the Austrian Sigmund FreudC. the Swiss Car Jung and the American William JamesD. the Austrian Karl Marx and the German Sigmund Freud16.Eugene O'Neill is remembered for his tragic view of life and most of his plays are about ______.A. the root, the truth of human desires and human frustrationsB. the moral nature of the modern mankindC. the relationship between man and nature as well as man and womanD. the inner contradiction of men before the real world17.Which of the following is not said about a typical modern work?A. It is no longer a record of sequence and coherence of the history and the world.B. It is a juxtapostition of the past and present, of the history and the memory.C. It is a book of fragments drawn from diverse areas of experience.D. Its perspective is shifted from the internal to the external, from the private to the public.18.Which of the following is not said about Ezra Pound?A. For he was politically controversial and notorious for what he did in the wartime, his literaryachievement and influence are somewhat reduced.B. His artistic talents are on full display in the history of the Imagist MovementC. From his analysis of the Chinese ideogram Pound learned to anchor his poetic language inconcrete, perceptual reality, and to organize images into larger patterns through juxtaposition.D. His language is usually oblique yet marvelously compressed and his poetry is dense withpersonal, literary, and historical allusions.19.In his poems, Robert Frost combined traditional verse forms with ______.A. a simple spoken language ---the speech of New England farmersB. the pastoral language of the Southern areaC. the difficult and highly ornamental languageD. both A and B20.Most of O'Neill's plays are tragedies, dealing with ______.A. the basic issues of human existence and predicamentB. life and death, illusion and disillusion, dream and realityC. alienation and communication, self and society, desire and frustrationD. all of the above21.As a spokesman of the “Roaring 20s”, Scott Fitzgerald portrayed ______.A. the problems of the human heart in conflict with itselfB. the psychological journey of the modern man and his helplessness in the modern worldC. the primitive struggle of individuals in the context of irresistible natural forcesD. the hollowness of the American worship of riches and the unending American dream offulfillment22.Which of the following is not said of Fitzgerald's writing style?A. The scenic method is explored, each of which consists of one or more dramatic scenes.B. His intervening passages of narration leaves the tedious process of transition to the readers'imaginationC. The device of having events observed by a “central consciousness”is dropped off.D. His diction and metaphors are completely original and details accurate.23.As one of the best-known American authors of this century, Ernest Hemingway wrote all thefollowing novels except______.A. For Whom the Bell TollsB. The Green Hills of AfricaC. The Sound and the FuryD. The Old Man and the Sea24.In A Farewell to Arms, Hemingway ______.A. emphasizes his belief that man is trapped both physically and mentally and suggests that man isdoomed to be entrapped.B. wrote the epitaph to a decade and to the whole generation in the 1930s.C. favored the idea of nature as an expression of either god's design or his beneficence.D. tells a story about the tragic love affair of a wounded American soldier with a French nurse.25.Which of the following is not written by Faulkner?A. The Sound and the FuryB. A Rose for EmilyC. Light in AugustD. Tender Is the NightⅣ.Interpretation(16%)Read the following selections and then answer the questions. Write your answers on the Answer Shee t.Passage 1I celebrate myself, and sing myself,And what I assume you shall assume,For every atom belonging to me as good belongs to you.I loafe and invite my soul,I learn and loafe at my ease observing a spear of summer grass.My tongue, every atom if my blood, form'd from this soil, this air,Born here of parents born here from parents the same, and there parents the same,I, now thirty-seven years old in perfect health begin,Hoping to cease not till death.Creeds and schools in abeyance,Retiring back a while sufficed at what they are, but never forgotten,I harbor for good or bad, I permit to speak at every hazard,Nature without check with original energy,1.Who is the poet celebrating? Whom do lines2—3 also include in the celebration?2.What beliefs of the poet are set forth in this poem?Passage 2Every Friday five crates of oranges and lemons arrived from a fruiterer in New York—every Monday these same oranges and lemons left his lack door in a pyramid of pulpless halves.There was a machine in the kitchen which could extract the juice of two hundred oranges in half an hour if a little button was pressed two hundred times by a butler's thumb.…As soon as I arrived I made an attempt to find my host, but the two or three people of whom I asked his whereabouts stared at me in such an amazed way, and denied so vehemently any knowledge of his movements, that I slunk off in the direction of the cocktail table —the only place in the garden where a single man could linger without looking purposeless and alone.…I was on my way to get roaring drunk from sheer embarrassment when Jordan Bakercame out of the house and stood at the head of the marble steps, leaning a little backward andlooking with contemptuous interest down into the garden.Welcome or not, I found it necessary to attach myself to some one beforeI should begin to address cordial remarks to the passersby.…“I like to come”, Lucille said. “I never care what I do, so I always have a good time.When I was here last I tore my gown on a chair, and he asked me my name and address —inside of a week I got a package from Croirier's with a new evening gown in it.”“Did you keep it?”asked Jordan.“Sure I did. I was going to wear it tonight, but it was too big in the bust and had to be altered. It was gas blue with lavender beads. Two hundred and sixty-five dollars.”“There's something funny about a fellow that'll do a thing like that,”said the other girl eagerly. “He doesn't want any trouble with anybody.”3.Which novel is this passage taken from? Who is the writer?4.Who is the narrator here? Were the people to the parties familiar with host?Why did they go to hisparties?Ⅴ.Give brief answers to the following questions.(14%) Write your answers on the Answer sheet.1.Please give a brief analysis of the major features of American romanticism.2.How do you think about the hero Gatsby in The Great Gatsby and its significance in Americanliterature?。

浙江省2018年4月自学考试美国文学选读试题课程代码：10055Part I: Choose the relevant match from Column B for each item in Column A. (10 points in all, 1 point for each)Group 1Column A Column B( ) 1. Nathaniel Hawthorne a. Nature( ) 2. Washington Irving b. Rip Van Winkle( ) 3. Ralph Waldo Emerson c. The House of Seven Gales( ) 4. Mark Twain d. The Great Gatsby( ) 5. Scott Fitzgerald e. The Gilded AgeGroup 2Column A Column B( ) 1. Charles Drouet a. The Great Gatsby( ) 2. Ishmael b. Adventures of Huckleberry Finn( ) 3. Jim c. Sister Carrie( ) 4. George Wilson d. A Rose for Emily( ) 5. Emily Grierson e. Moby DickPart Ⅱ: Each of the following statements below is followed by four alternatives. Choose the one that would best complete the statement. (50 points in all, 2 points for each)1. The period of ______ started with the publication of Washington Irving’s The Sketch Book and ended with Walt Whitman’s Leaves of Grass. ( )A. American RomanticismB. American RealismC. American TranscendentalismD. American Classicism2. The desire for an escape from society and a return to nature became a permanent convention of American literature. Such a desire is particularly evident in ______ Leather-Stocking Tales.( )A. Washington Irving’sB. Waldo Emerson’s1C. James Fennimore Cooper’sD. Walt Whitman’s3. New England Transcendentalism was started by a group of people who were members of an informal club, i.e. the Transcendental Club in New England in the ______.( )A. 1850sB. 1840sC. 1830sD. 1860s4. The American ______ as a cultural heritage exerted great influences over American moral values.( )A. PuritanismB. UnitarianismC. DeismD. Protestantism5. In his famous poem Song of Myself, Walt Whitman sets forth two principal beliefs: the belief in the singularity and equality of all beings in value, and the theory of ______, which is illustrated by lengthy catalogues of people and things. ( )A. nationalityB. universalityC. natureD. community6. Which of the following is NOT what Emerson put forward in his essays? ( )A. the Over-SoulB. the formal religion of the churches and the Deistic philosophyC. NatureD. the importance of individual7. Moby-Dick is a mixture of fantasy and ______ based upon the South Pacific whaling industry.( )A. romanticismB. naturalismC. realismD. surrealism8. Which of the following statements about Hawthorne is NOT right? ( )A. The ambiguity is one of the salient characteristics of his art.B. He is a master of realism.C. He is a great allegorist.D. He is a master of symbolism.9. Which of the following is NOT regarded as the characteristics of Whitman’s poetic style?( )2A. The use of “free verse”B. His strong tendency to use of formal languageC. The use of parallelism and phonetic recurrence at the beginning of the linesD. The use of the poetic “I”10. ______ and Emersonian Transcendentalism produced some positive effect on Melville’s writing.( )A. Washington Irving’s conservativeB. Hawthorne’s moral courageC. Thoreau’s RomanticismD. Shakespearian tragic vision11. The period ranging from 1865 to 1914 has been referred to as ______ in the literary history of the United States.( )A. the Age of RomanticismB. the Age of EnlightenmentC. New England TranscendentalismD. the Age of Realism12. The three dominant figures of the period of Realism in American literature are ______.( )A. Mark Twain, Henry James, and Jack LondonB. Mark Twain, Henry James, and Theodore DreiserC. William Dean Howells, Mark Twain, and Jack LondonD. William Dean Howells, Mark Twain, and Henry James13. ______ once described the novel, Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, the one book from which “all modern American literature comes.”( )A. Ernest HemingwayB. Henry JamesC. Mark TwainD. Theodore Dreiser14. ______ was the first American writer to conceive his career in international themes.( )A. Washington IrvingB. Henry JamesC. Ralph Waldo EmersonD. Mark Twain15. Within her little lyrics Dickinson addresses those issues that concern the whole human beings EXCEPT______.( )A. religion and deathB. immortality3C. man and womanD. love and nature16. ______ proves to be his greatest work and by entitling this book with such a name, Dreiser intended to tell us that it is the social pressure that makes Clyde’s downfall inevitable.( ) A. The Titan B. Sister CarrieC. The FinancierD. An American Tragedy17. Ezra Pound is a leading spokesman of the famous ______ Movement in the history of American literature.( )A. SymbolistB. ImpressionistC. ExistentialistD. Imagist18. Allen Ginsburg’s Howl became the manifesto of ______.( )A. PostmodernismB. ImagismC. the Beat GenerationD. the Lost Generation19. ______ is a school of modern painting, whose emphasis is on the formal structure of a work of art and especially on the multiple-perspective viewpoints. ( )A. ExpressionismB. ImagismC. CubismD. Impressionism20. ______ is often acclaimed literary spokesman of the Jazz Age. ( )A. F. Scott FitzgeraldB. Ezra PoundC. Robert Lee FrostD. Ernest Hemingway21. ______, Hemingway’s first novel, casts light on a whole generation after the First World War and the effects of the war by way of a vivid portrait of “The Lost Generation.”( )A. The Old Man and the SeaB. The Sun Also RisesC. In Our TimeD. A Farewell to Arms22. Which of the following is depicted as the mythical county in William Faulkner’s novels?( )A. Cambridge.B. Oxford.C. Yoknapatawpha.D. Mississippi.23. Robert Frost rejected ______ choosing ______ instead.( )A. the conventional poetic principles... the revolutionary wayB. the romantic way... the revolutionary principles4C. the revolutionary principles... the romantic wayD. the revolutionary poetic principles of his contemporaries... the old-fashioned way to be new24. Which of the following is right about American fiction from 1945 onwards?( )A. Black fiction began to attract critical attention during the 1950s.B. There appeared a significant group of Jewish-American writers whose works were set against the Jewish experience and tradition.C. A group of new writers who survived the war wrote about their ideals within the artistic field.D. American fiction in the 1950s and 1960s proves to be a harvest which derived from its predecessors.25. Which of the following can NOT be included in the thematic concerns of Robert Frost’s Poems?( )A. The contradiction and misunderstanding between man and woman.B. The loneliness and poverty of the isolated human being.C. His love of life and his belief in a serenity coming from working.D. The terror and tragedy in nature as well as its beauty.Part Ⅲ: Interpretation (20 points in all, 5 points for each)Read the following selections and then answer the questions briefly.Passage 1Because I could not stop for Death——He kindly stopped for me——The Carriage held but just Ourselves——And Immortality.....Questions:1. Who is the Author of this poem?2. What do “He”and “Carriage”refer to?Passage 2There was, as usual, a crowd of folk about the door, but none that Rip recollected. The very character of the people seemed changed. There was a busy, bustling, disputatious tone about it, instead of the accustomed phlegm and drowsy tranquility. He looked in vain for the sage Nicholas5Vedder, with his broad face, double chin, and fair long pipe, uttering clouds of tobacco smoke instead of idle speeches; or Van Bummel, the schoolmaster, doling forth the contents of an ancient newspaper. In place of these, a lean bilious looking fellow, with his pockets full of handbills, was haranguing vehemently about rights of citizens-election-members of congress-liberty-Bunker’s hill-heroes of seventy-six-and other words, that were a perfect Babylonish jargon to the bewildered Van Winkle.Questions:1. Who is the author and where is this passage taken from?2. What do you know about the protagonist?Passage 3Once I said to myself it would be a thousand times better for Jim to be a slave at home where his family was, as long as he’d got to be a slave, and so I’d better write a letter to Tom Sawyer and tell him to tell Miss Waston where he was. But I soon give up that notion, for two things: she’d be mad and disgusted at his rascality and ungratefulness for leaving her, and so she’d sell him straight down the river again; and if she didn’t, everybody naturally despises an ungrateful nigger, and they’d make Jim feel it all the time, and so he’d feel ornery and disgraced. And then think of me! It would get all round, that Huck Finn helped a nigger to get his freedom; and if I was to ever see anybody from that town again, I’d be ready to get down and lick his boots for shame. Questions:1. Please identify the author and the novel.2. Please give a brief comment on this part.Passage 4...Then took the other, as just as fair,And having perhaps the better claim,Because it was grassy and wanted wear;Though as for that the passing thereHad worn them really about the same.....Questions:61. Who wrote this poem? What’s the title of it?2. What can we know from the verse?Part Ⅳ: Give brief answers to the following questions. (20 points in all,10 points for each)1. What is “Leaves of Grass”mainly concerned about?2. What is the most famous theme in Henry James’ fiction? And what is his favorite approach in characterization, which makes him different from Mark Twain as a realist?7。

梅尔维尔作品选读
《白鲸》、《红字》等小说，探究人性与自然、信仰与道德、理性与情感之间的冲突，表现 出浓郁的文化多元性。
现实主义文学
1
文学背景及特点
反对浪漫主义的情感膨胀与逃避现实，揭示社会现象及阶级冲突，倡导真飘逸公主号》、《哈特利家庭之旅》等小说，幽默而严谨地反映了美国19世纪 末的生活和文化。
2 托尼·莫里森作品选读 3 大卫·福斯特·华莱士
作品选读
《宠儿》、《至爱梅琳娜》
等小说，将种族和阶级问
《无限笑话》、《我與我
题融入女性主义和后殖民
的大腦》等小说，拓展了
主义的议题中，重新定义
当代文学的意涵和形式，
了美国文学的多元性和世
要求读者同时进行文本分
界性。
析和自我反思。
结语
美国文学的发展与现状
高中英语课件：美国文学 选读
本课件涵盖美国文学不同时期的代表性作家、作品及其文学成就，为您深入 探究美国文学的历史、文化背景和文学特色提供全面的视角和参考。
初期美国文学
文学背景及特点
关注新大陆发掘及开拓，反映早 期殖民地经济和社会发展，抒发 宗教信仰与欧洲背景的交融。
华盛顿·欧文作品选读
《沃尔夫特斯坦传奇》、《睡谷 传说》等小说，探究美国本土民 间历史和传说，形成清新的小品 文学风格。
简·奥斯汀作品选读
《傲慢与偏见》、《理智与情感》 等小说，描绘社交场合中少女与 贵族之间的纠葛与情感，具有细 腻幽默的文学风格。
浪漫主义文学
文学背景及特点
反对启蒙及工业革命对自然和人的摧残， 推崇个性与想象力，抒发个人感受及情感 反叛。
伦·坡作品选读
《乌鸦》、《黑猫》等小说，讲述爱与死 亡、痛与欲望、灵与肉之间的绝望诉求， 创立了恐怖小说的黄金时代。

《美国文学选读》课程标准一、课程性质与任务美国文学选读是英语专业高年级的选修课.它与英美文学史密切结合，使学生在接触到浩繁的文学作品的同时，可以对繁杂的文学现象加以整理和梳理,并形成自己阅读文学作品的习惯，开阔视野，在学习过程中把握正确的理解文学作品的方法。

美国文学选读通过向学生介绍文学作品及其作品创作的历史文化背景，培养学生阅读文学作品的兴趣，增强语感，增进学生对美国社会、历史、文化以及生活习俗的了解,提高他们对西方文学的欣赏能力及批评能力。

二、课程教学目标1．知识目标1)文学知识：通过本课程的学习,学生应深入、直观地理解各个时期的美国文学作品,把握其思想、语言及创作技巧上的特点；另外,还应对美国的文学评论流变具备相对清晰的认识。

2）语言知识:本课程是通过介绍不同文体的文学作品，深化学生对英语语言的认知、理解和应用的能力。

并通过对不同时期英语原文资料的阅读和解析,以一种更加直观的方式了解这门语言的发展.2．能力目标1）文学作品鉴赏能力：通过作者作品的讲解，学生可以对作品的社会历史价值和艺术价值进行评价，培养并提高自我的鉴赏能力；2)语言表达能力：通过课堂和课下阅读及评价任务的完成，学生的口头和书面表达能力能够得到全面的提高;3)思辩能力:课上小组讨论环节和presentation环节能够激发学生的思辩能力，助其开拓思路，同时也为以后对英语的有效使用打下基础。

3．素质目标1）文学文化修养：本课程作为英语专业高年级学生的素养课，旨在培养学生对美国文学及文化的理解，可以使学生以直观的方式全面接触这种语言和文化，并形成独立的开放的文化观，进一步强化其跨文化意识；2)基本的研究素质：本课程通过对文学评论的介绍和讲解向学生传授文学鉴赏的不同视角，可使其具备基本的文学研究素质;3）文学翻译的基础：本课程通过对文学作品的细读向学生介绍文字背后的人文、历史、政治、哲学及美学等因素,可为文学翻译课程提供较好的材料,并做好前期准备。

• • • • • • • • • •
Skew [skjuː] 歪曲；曲解 Sift [sɪft] 细查；详审；挑选 Solace [‘sɔləs, -lis] 安慰 Stand [stænd] 维持；忍受 Stumble [‘stʌmbl] 跌跌撞撞地走
Stumble across 偶然发现；偶然遇见
• Compatible [kəm‘pætəbl] 情投意合的；兼容的 • Criteria [kraɪ'tɪərɪə] criterion • Delve [delv] （在手提包、容器中）翻找；钻研
Delve into 探索；探究
• Dilute [daɪ‘luːt] 稀释；削弱，降低
• • • • • • • • • •
杨海天
Vocabulary
• Algorithm [‘ælgərɪð(ə)m] 算法，计算程序 • Chemistry [‘kemɪstrɪ] （两性之间强烈的）吸引 力；化学 • Collaborate [kə‘læbəreɪt] 合作；通敌
Collaborate with sb on/ in doing sth
matchmaking n.作媒；安排比赛；火柴制造（业） algorithms n.运算法则，演算法，计算程序 meant to be命中注定 power vt.运转，使…有力量
welcome
胡浩岚
Language Features of Newspaper Articles
First of all, please look at the headline of this news. It says “Dose Online Dating Make It Harder to Find ‘the One’? It’s obvious that ‘the one’ has a single quotation mark in this headline. Actually, here the one means spouse or partner, we call this kind of rhetorical device as metaphor.