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英语语法填空技巧

英语语法填空技巧
英语语法填空技巧

语法填空是近年来高考英语科新推出的一种题型,这种题型能全面检测学生在英语词汇、语法,甚至是句法上的运用能力,能更科学地反映学生的英语综合水平。本题型分两种情况:一种为已给单词提示,一种为不给单词提示。本人就这两种情况进行了深入的研究,总结出十三条语法填空的解题技巧。

一、已给单词提示题型的技巧

此类题可以考查学生对单词形式变化的掌握程度。单词形式变化主要有两种,一是词的形、数、式的变化,一是词的派生变化。在判断出词的变化之后还应该进一步审题,看是否需要使用复合的变化形式,这一点是很重要的。

技巧一:名词形式变化。名词的形式变化主要有单数、复数、所有格的变化。

例1:There are many students living at school, the__(child)houses are all far from school.

由students一词可以判断出横线处应填复数,且作为houses的定语,所以应用其所有格形式,故答案为child的复合变化形式——复数的所有格ehildren's。技巧二:动词形式变化。动词的形式变化比较多,有谓语的变化(时态、语态、语气),有非谓语的变化(不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词)。

例2:Atalk__(give)tomorrow is written by Professor Zhang.

句中的is是整句的谓语,所以横线所在的动词应当用作非谓语。从tomorrow可以看出,报告是“将来”作的,故用不定式;且报告是give动作的承受者,故可以判断出横线所在处用give的不定式被动式——to be given。

技巧三:代词形式变化。代词形式变化通常是与人称变化有关的三大类五小类,即人称代词(主格和宾格)、物主代词(形容词性和名词性)、反身代词。另外还有几个不定代词的形式变化,如no one/none、other/another等。

例3:The king decided to see the painter by__(he).

由介词by可以看出,横线处应填反身代词himself。

技巧四:形容词、副词比较级变化。英语中大部分形容词和表方式的副词都有原级、比较级和最高级的变化。构成比较级和最高级的方式,或通过加后缀-er和-est,或在词前加more/less和most/least,且形容词的绝对最高级还要冠以the。例4:I am__(tall)than Liu Wen. He is the tallest students in my class.

此题后句交代了Liu Wen是班上最高的学生,那“我”肯定比他矮,所以不能用taller,只能用表示程度不如的“less tall”。

技巧五:数词形式变化。数词的形式变化包括基数词、序数词,或加后缀-teen、-ty的变化,甚至还有作分母用的序数词的单复数形式,以及one/two的特殊变化形式once/twice。

例5:To my three sons I leave my seventeen horses. My eldest son shall take a half, my second son shall take a__(three)...

从上下文连续起来理解,这是一个分马的计划,大儿子分得a half,也就是“一半”或“二分之一”,那么二儿子应该得“三分之一”,所以要填人作分母的序数词“third”才能命中目标。

技巧六:词的派生。词的派生现象在英语单词中是很常见的,派生现象主要发生在名词、动词、形容词、副词四种词中。这种题型还有可能检测学生对词根、前后缀、派生词的掌握。

例6:Lious lost his wallet yesterday, so he was very__(happiness).

在这道题中,学生很容易判断出该用形容词,由此可知将happiness还原成词根happy;钱包丢了,人应该是不开心的,所以要再加个前缀un-,就成了unhappy。

二、未给单词提示题型的技巧

此类题难度较大,但也是有方法对付的。

技巧七:固定短语结构。根据句中横线前后及整句来判断横线前后是否构成一个固定短语,但有时要对横线前或后的几个单词“视而不见”才能命中答案。

例7:The children were playing on the ground, enjoying__,dirty but happy. 从句中的happy可以猜出孩子们是开心的,所以应用enjoy oneself短语,故其答案为themselves。

例8:His boss was__angry as to fire him.

如果“跳过”横线后面的angry,就可以发现这里用到一个关联短语so...as to,所以,so是正解。

技巧八:从句引导词。从句是此题型最为常见的一个方向,主要检测学生对引导词的掌握程度。

例9:He did not do__his father had asked him to do.

审题可知,横线所在为宾语从句的引导词,此引导词在从句中充当宾语,且指物,所以是what。

例10: Those__want to go to the village must sign here.

经过观察可以判断横线所在为定语从句的引导词,进一步观察可知先行词为those,且指人,所以只能填入who。

技巧九:短语动词结构。短语动词是以动词为中心的两个或多个词构成的短语,此类短语中往往是动词与介词或副词连用的多些。

例11:The US consists__fifty states.

根据常识可知,美国由50个州组成,故横线处与前一词组合,表示“由……组成”,所以答案是of。

例12:Mrs Baker was ill, so her daughter had to ask for leave to take__of her. 生病需要人照顾,所以答案是care,与前后词构成take care of。

技巧十:短语介词结构。短语介词即多个词的组合起介词作用的短语,如:except for, due to等。

例13:Mr Smith took a plane to London__of taking a train.

此题中说到两种交通工具,所以可以理解此句有“坐……而不是坐……”的意思,故答案为instead,以构成介词短语instead of。

例14:Just then, he saw a blackboard in__of him.

细心观察,可以看出填入front即可构成in front of,此题得解。

技巧十一:连词、关联短语结构。常用的连词有and, or, but, so, for, while等,常用的关联短语有both...and, either...or, neither...nor, not only...but also等。例15:Little Wang Jun could not go to school, __his family was too poor.

此处表示原因,引导的分句其实是一种解释说明,不是必然的因果关系,且前面有逗号隔开,所以填for。

例16:__Marrie and Jannie like going to the theatre.

横线处的词与后面可以构成both...and,故答案为Both。

技巧十二:冠词、介词和常用的副词。冠词只能是在a,an,the之间判断;常用的介词有in,at,on,before,during等,通常考查固定搭配;副词的量还是比较多,如:however,never,yet,much等,但一般不会考查-ly形式的方式副词(见技巧六——形容词派生副词的情况)。

例17:Jackie likes to drive at__high speed.

这里考查的是不定冠词的习惯用法,答案为a,构成at a high speed,“以高速”开车。

例18:Old Tom's grand-danghter used to visit him__Saturday afternoon. Saturday afternoon是指定的某天下午,所以不用介词in,而用on才是正解。例19:Though Liu Qiang did the same work__Zhang Wen did,he got a lower pay__Zhang

第一条横线可由前面的the sanle判断出用as,第二条横线则可由lower判断出比较意义,故答案为than。

例20:It was only one day left,__,his father had no idea to answer him.

观察上下句,可以看出是转折关系,且横线与前后用逗号隔开,排除but,所以答案是however。

技巧十三:上下文中出现的相关词。这一招是最为灵活的,但也是最难的。学生可以根据上下文;关系和自己积累的知识,填入某个已出现的词,或其反义词,或其同类的某个词。

答案的线索可能在本句,可能出现在上下相连的一句,还可能出现在比较远的,地方——上下段中与此段位置大体相当的句子。如果该横线出现在某段的首句,则线索可能在上下段的首句;如果横线出现在某段的末句,则线索可能在上下段的末句,以此类推。

例21:Tony__travelling abroad, but dislikes staying home watching TV.

由第二句话中的dislikes可以判断,此横线处应该是填其反义词likes。

语法填空作为一种新颖的题型,能全面地考查学生的英语综合应用能力。上述十三条技巧概括了此题型的多数考查方向,在高考备考复习中能起到很好的加强作用,真正做到事半功倍,较大地提高学生在此题型上的得分率。

希望能帮到你。

英语语法填空解题技巧与方法

英语语法填空解题技巧与方法 语法填空是通过语篇在语境中考察语法知识的运用能力,我们在解题时可遵循“三步走”浏览全文,了解大意;边读边填,先易后难;验证核查,清楚难点。 语法填空的考察形式分为两大类:无提示词填空类;提示性词填空类 一.无提示词类。即纯空格题。(只限一个单词) 纯空格填空题主要是填冠词(a/ an /the)、介词、代词、连接词(含从属连词和并列连词)等虚词.。 技巧1:在简单句和并列句中,若句子缺主语或宾语,一定是填代词。 技巧2:若两个句子(即两个主谓结构)之间没有连词,也没有分号或句号,一定是填并列连词(连接并列的句子)或从属连词(连接定语从句、名词性从句和状语从句(以句子为单位) 1.I have ___________ interesting book. _________ is called “Frozen” 2.___________ he worked very hard, he still failed the test. 3.He was very tired after working for a whole day, ____________ he felt very happy. 4.Whether we will go to the park depends _____________ the weather. 二.提示性填空类。即用所给词的适当形式填空,(此类题填空不超过三个单词)。此类型的题一般考察动词的时态、语态、单复数;动词非谓语(to do / done/ doing); 词性的转换(形名副动);adj/ adv 的比较级和最高级。 注意:(一)、.判断要填的动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。要从以下两点进行思考:(1). 若句子没有别的谓语动词,或者虽然已有谓语动词,但需填的动词与之是并列关 系时,所给动词就是谓语动词;若是谓语动词,就要考虑时态语态和单复数 1 . Friends can always _____________(trust),loved and respected. 2.People in the future _______________(know) and benefit from the technology. (2.)若句中已有谓语动词,又不是并列谓语时,所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓 语动词就要确定是v-ing形式,-ed形式,还是不定式,确定的方法主要有: (1) 作主语,通常用v-ing 形式表示习惯或一般情况,(用不定式表示具体情况) (2) 作目的状语或在形容词后作状语,一般用不定式 (3) 作伴随状语,通常用分词,若与逻辑主语是主动关系,用现在分词(v-ing);若是被动关系,用过去分词(-ed) 1.We are supposed to work very hard _____________(go) to a good university.

英语语法填空解题方法与技巧

第二讲英语语法填空解题方法与技巧 1. 通读全文,把握大意。 既然是通过语篇在语境中考语法,那么,我们在解题前,应快速浏览短文,把握全文大意,这一步非常重要。 2. 结合语境,试填空格。 读懂短文之后,要结合短文所提供的特定的语言环境,从句子结构的完整性去分析思考空格所缺单词的词性,再根据句子的结构和意义,以及句子之间的逻辑关系来确定具体要填的单词和所给词的正确形式。具体来说,可按设题类型分为三类情况: (1)纯空格试题的解题技巧。 首先,分析句子结构,确定填哪类词。然后,再根据句子的意思,确定具体填什么词;或根据两句间的逻辑关系确定具体用哪个连词。 (2)给出了动词的试题的解题技巧 首先,判断要填的动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。然后按以下两点进行思考。 若句中没有别的谓语动词,或者虽然已有谓语动词,但需填的动词与之是并列关系时,所给动词就是谓语动词;若是谓语动词,就要考虑时态语态。 若句中已有谓语动词,又不是并列谓语时,所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定用—ing形式、—ed形式,还是用不定式形式, (3)、词类转换题的解题技巧 根据该词在句子所作句子成分确定用哪种形式。具体方法有: 技巧1:作表语、定语或补语,通常用形容词形式。如: [例1] The youngster immediately fell ________ (silence) as tears flew down from his big blue eyes. [例2] In a ________ (danger) part of the sea off the coast of New Zealand, they learnt to… 技巧2:作主语、在及物动词或介词后作宾语,用名词形式。如: [例3] These people have made great ___39___ (contribute) to China with their work. [例4] …instructors expect students to be familiar with ___32___ (inform) in the reading… 技巧3:在形容词性物主代词后,或者在“冠词(+形容词)”后,用名词形式。如: [例5] It is difficult to find out the (similar) between the two countries. [例6] With his ________ (patient), I made great progress in English. 技巧4:修饰动词、形容词、副词,或整个句子,作状语,用副词形式。如: [例7] As I looked ___32___ (close) at this girl, I fount that… [例8] There must be something ___40___ (serious) wrong with our society. 技巧5:括号中所给动词不一定是考动词的时态语态或非谓语动词,而是考词类转换;若是形容词或副词,有可能是考查其比较等级。如: [例9]…there was a lot of information about the city’s well-known tourist ___34___ (attract)… [例10]The other frog went on jumping as hard as he could…He jumped even ___36___ (hard) and finally made himself out 3. 重读全文,解决难题。 在解题过程中要先易后难,难题在大部分空格填好后,再经过仔细推敲,难题也就不会再难了。所有空格填好后,把整篇文章从头至尾复读一遍。 专项练习 1. He has a sense of (humorous). 2. Recent (study) show that smoking is bad to our health.

(英语)英语语法填空试题类型及其解题技巧

(英语)英语语法填空试题类型及其解题技巧 一、高中英语语法填空 1.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As Alison Gopnik described in her recent book, there are two kinds of parents in modern America: The Carpenter and the Gardener. The "carpenter" thinks that his or her child can________(shape). "The idea is that if you just do the right things, get the right skills and read the right books, you're going to be able to turn your child ________a particular kind of adult," she said The "gardener", however is seldom concerned about ________ (control) what the child will become and instead provides a protected space ________explore). The style is all about:" creating a rich, nutritious but also variable, diverse, active ecosystem". Gopnik, a psychology and philosophy professor at the University of California, Berkeley, said." Many parents are carpenters, and ________is really necessary for them to bring up their children." She spent decades researching children's development and finally ________(find) that parents often focused too much on what their children would be as adults. The harm is that parents and their children may become________ (anxiety), tense or unhappy. "We're so concerned about our children ________ we think have difficulty mastering their own future that we're unwilling to allow them to ________ (free) explore the world." she says. The truth is that the ________ (little) that parents worry about outcomes, the better their children may live in life. 【答案】be shaped;into;controlling;to explore;it;found;anxious;who/that;freely;less 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了现代美国存在的木匠型父母和园丁型父母的特点。 (1)考查语态。句意:“木匠型”父母认为他或她的孩子可以被塑造。可知,此处主语与动词之间为被动关系,又因为空前有情态动词can.。故填be shaped。 (2)考查介词。句意: “木匠型”父母认为他或她的孩子可以被塑造。turn .. into...固定短语,“将......变成......”,故填into。 (3)考查非谓语动词。句意: 然而,“园丁型”父母很少关心孩子会变成什么样,而是提供一个受保护的探索空间。此处用所给词的动名词作介词about的宾语。故填controlling。(4)考查非谓语动词。句意: 然而,“园丁型”父母很少关心孩子会变成什么样,而是提供一个受保护的探索空间。此处用所给词的动词不定式作后置定语,修饰名词space。故填to explore。 (5)考查代词。句意: 很多父母都是“木匠型”父母,对他们来说,把孩子抚养成人是非常必要的。此处为It's十形容词十for sb十to do sth”的结枸,意为“对某人来说,做某事是……”,在该句中是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的不定式。故填it。 (6)考查时态。句意: 她花了几十年的时间研究孩子的发展,最后发现父母往往过于关注孩子成年后的状况。根据并列连词and及前句中的谓语动词spent可知,此处用所给动词的一般过去式。故填found。 (7)考查形容词。句意: 危害在于父母和他们的孩子可能会感到焦虑,紧张或不快乐。此

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最新英语语法填空答题技巧 高考英语语法填空答题技巧 一、纯空格试题的解题技巧 纯空格填空题主要是填冠词、介词、代词、连接词(含从属连词和并列连词)等虚词。 首先,分析句子结构,根据句子所缺成分确定填哪类词。然后,根据句子意思,确定具体填什么词;或根据两句间的逻辑关系确定具体用哪个连词。 技巧1:在简单句和并列句中,若句子缺主语或宾语,一定是填代词。 例1:I can’t send a message to Kenya whenever I want to, and __1__ gets there almost in a second. 技巧2:名词前面,若没有限定词(冠词、形容词性物主代词、不定代词等),很可能是填限定词。

例2:It is said that a short-tempered man in the Song Dynasty was very anxious to help__2__ rice crop grow up quickly. 技巧3:名词或代词在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语时,其前面,一定是填介词。 例3:…who should have the honour of receiving me __3__ a guest in their house. 技巧4: 若两个或几个单词或短语之间没有连词,可能是填连词。 例4:…two world-famous artists, Pablo Picasso __4__Cabdido Poitinari, which are worth millions of dollars. 技巧5:若两个句子(即两个主谓结构)之间没有连词,也没有分号或句号,一定是填并列连词(连接并列的句子)或从属连词(连接定语从句、名词性从句和状语从句)。 例5:The greatest magician of all time was Harry Houdini __5 _died in 1926.

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