2017—2019年高考全国卷【语法填空】专题练习
语法填空专题练习（13）2017全国卷Ⅰ，15分词数：180
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community (医学界) 61______ a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 62______ (effect) such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.
Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 63______ (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 64______ (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something. As 65______ result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 66______ (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 67______ (be) full of fat and salt; by 68______ (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.
Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 69______ (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70______ is not good for the health.
61_________62____________63__________ 64___________ 65___________
66___________67___________68___________69___________ 70___________
语法填空专题练习（14） 2017全国卷Ⅱ，15分词数：180
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible __61__(crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and ___62__ work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, ____63___(lay) the track and then building a strong roof over___64___ top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced.
Steam engines___65__(use) to pull the carriages and it must have been ___66__(fair) unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using___67__ every day.
Later, engineers ____68___(manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道), which became known as the Tube. This development was only possible with the ___69___ (introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. The Central London Railway was one of the most ___70___(success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public.
61_________62____________63__________ 64___________ 65___________
66___________67___________68___________69___________ 70___________
语法填空专题练习（15） 2017全国卷Ⅲ，15分词数：178
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确
形式。
She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to the challenge of her new A-level course. But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term 61 (rest) . Instead, she is earning ?6,500 a day as 62 model in New York.
Sarah 63 (tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel, earning a million dollars in the next year. Her father Peter, 44, wants her to give up school to model full-time. But Sarah, 64 has taken part in shows along with top models, wants 65 (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carry on with her 66 (educate).
She has turned down several 67 (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies. After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree 68 engineering or architecture.
Sarah says, “My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at that moment, school 69 (come) first. I don’t want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is 50 (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I d on’t want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can’t model anymore.”
61_________62____________63__________ 64___________ 65___________
66___________67___________68___________69___________ 70___________
语法填空专题练习（16）2018全国卷Ⅰ，15分话题：跑步带来多种健康益处
词数：174
According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years 61 (long) than non-runners. You don’t have to run fast or for long 62 (see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of 63 (die) early by running.
While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it 64 (be) more effective at lengthening life 65 walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 66 showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 67 (cause).
The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise... it’s probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to 68 (strength) your leg muscles(肌肉），avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it’s always
69 (energy). If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give 70 a try.
61_________62____________63__________ 64___________ 65___________
66___________67___________68___________69___________ 70___________
语法填空专题练习（17） 2018全国卷II，15分话题：调整农业结构词数：184 Diets have changed in China — and so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country 61 (grow) more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over 62 past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent. A taste for meat is 63 (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn’s rise:The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice 64 (improve) water quality. Corn uses less water 65 rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥) runoff. This switch has decreased 66 (pollute) in the country’s major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.
According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total 67 (globe) fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005 — when the government 68 (start) a soil-testing program 69 gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers —and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission(排放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. China’s approach to protecting its environment while 70 (feed) its citizens "offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide," says the bank’s Juergen Voegele.
61_________62____________63__________ 64___________ 65___________
66___________67___________68___________69___________ 70___________
语法填空专题练习（18） 2018全国卷III，15分话题：邂逅大猩猩词数：184 I’m not sure 61 is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere. I’m walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpectedly, I’m face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at 62 top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears. He screams the 63 (loud) of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid 64 (look) directly into his eyes so he doesn’t feel 65 (challenge).、
My name is Mireya Mayor. I’m a 66 (science)who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. I was searching 67 these three western lowland gorillas I’d been observing. No one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and I were worried.
When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find 68 (they) alive. True to a gorilla’s unaggressive nature, the huge animal 69 (mean) me no real harm. He was just saying: "I’m king of this forest, and here is your reminder!" Once his message was delivered, he allowed me 70 (stay) and watch.
61_________62____________63__________ 64___________ 65___________
66___________67___________68___________69___________ 70___________
语法填空专题练习（19） 2018浙江，15分话题：享受做饭的乐趣词数：191 Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook. Making Chinese 61 （dish) is seen as especially troublesome. Many westerners 62 come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap 63 can be to eat out. I still remember 64 (visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years and I 65 （shock) when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.
While regularly eating out seems to 6 6 (become)common for many young people in recent years, it’s not without a cost. The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be 67 (afford) but doing this most days adds up. There could be an even 6 8 (high) cost on your health. Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in 69 (weigh) problems.
If you are not going to suffer this problem, then I suggest that the next time you go to your mum’s home 70 dinner, get a few cooking tips from her. Cooking food can be fun. You might also begin to notice the effects not only on your health but in your pocket.
61_________62____________63__________ 64___________ 65___________
66___________67___________68___________69___________ 70___________ 语法填空专题练习（20）（2019?浙江）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容
（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
There are several reasons why school uniforms are good idea. First of all, uniforms help
the school look smart. The students feel that they belong to a particular group. When every pupil
in the school wears the uniform, nobody ________ (have) to worry about fashion(时尚). Everybody wears________ same style of clothes. Uniforms can be useful in unexpected ways, A school in Ireland has introduced an interesting new uniform. On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth ________gives off light in the dark. When the children are walking or ________ (cycle) to school on dark mornings, car drivers can ________ (easy) see them.
But can uniforms help improve school standards? The answer ________ this question is
not clear. One study in America found that students' grades ________ (improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms. But some students didn't want ________ (wear) the uniform. Other American studies showed no ________(connect) between uniforms and school performance.
School uniforms are ________ (tradition) in Britain, but some schools are starting to get
rid of them. Some very good schools don't have a uniform policy. However, uniforms are still popular. Pupils at about 90 percent of British secondary schools wear uniforms.
61_________62____________63__________ 64___________ 65___________
66___________67___________68___________69___________ 70___________语法填空专题练习（21）（2019?北京）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未
给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确
形式填空。
A
On the first day of my first grade, I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach. I (1) (voice) my biggest concern to my mother, “How will I make friends?” She handed me advice, “Be yourself.” For the past 20 years, I have lived by these words. Soon I will graduate and become part
of the real world. Nervously (2) (face) challenges, I know I will whisper to (3) (I) the
two simple words “Be yourself ”.
B
Earth Day, (4) (mark) on 22 April, is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection. First celebrated (5) 1970, the Day now includes events in more than 190 countries and regions (地区). No matter what you like to do, there is a way to get involved in various (6) (activity) on Earth Day. You can plant a tree, make a meal with locally grown vegetables, or save power — the possibilities are endless.
C
Does the name of the college you attend really matter? Research on the question (7) ________ (suggest) that, for most students, it doesn’t. What students do at college seems to matter
much more than (8) they go. The students benefitting most from college are those (9)
________ are totally engaged (参与) in academic life, taking fu ll advantage of the college’s chances and resources (资源). Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about which college to attend, and it’s never too early to make necessary preparations for
a healthy and (10) _________ (meaning) college experience.
1_________ 2____________ 3__________ 4___________ 5___________
6___________ 7___________ 8___________ 9___________ 10___________语法填空专题练习（22）.（2019?全国Ⅲ）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当
的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
On our way to the house，it was raining 61.________ hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take62. ________ （get）there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.
We were first greeted with the barking by a pack 63.________ dogs, seven to be exact.
They were well trained by their masters 64.________ had great experience with caring for these animals. Our hosts shared many of their experiences and 65.________（recommend）wonderful
places to eat, shop, and visit. For breakfast, we were able to eat papaya（木瓜）and other fruits
from their trees in the backyard.
When they were free from work, they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting 66.________（compete）to watch，together with the story behind it. They also
shared with us many 67.________（tradition）stories about Hawaii that were
68.________ （huge）popular with tourists. On the last day of our week-long stay，we
69.________（invite）to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under
the stars，70.________ （listen）to musicians and meeting interesting locals.
61_________62____________63__________ 64___________ 65___________
66___________67___________68___________69___________ 70___________语法填空专题练习（23）.（2019?全国Ⅱ）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当
的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A 90-year-old has been awarded“Woman Of The Year”for 61.________ （be）Britain's
oldest full-time employee-still working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to
5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield， 62.________ she opened with her late husband Les.
Her years of hard work have 63.________（final）been acknowledged after a customer nominated（提名）her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year.
Picking up her "Lifetime Achievement" award，proud Irene 64.________（declare） she had no plans 65.________ （retire） from her 36-year-old business. Irene said," I don't see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I 66.________（make） over the years. I work not because I have to,67. ________ because I want to.”
Granddaughter Gayle Parks，31-who works alongside her in the family business-said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award. She said，"We don't have any idea who put grandma forward. When we got a call 68.________ （say）she was short-listed，we thought it was 69.________ joke. But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It's 70.________ (wonder）."
61_________62____________63__________ 64___________ 65___________
66___________67___________68___________69___________ 70___________
语法填空专题练习（24）（2019? 全国Ⅰ）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88°, there is evidence 61.________ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been 62.________ (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.
Modem methods 63.________ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive 64.________ (perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunayut 65.________ (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a 66.________ (believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by 67.________ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are 68.________ (high) than they actually are. Of 69.________ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six 70.________ (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
61_________62____________63__________ 64___________ 65___________
66___________67___________68___________69___________ 70___________
2017—2019年高考语法填空答案
语法填空专题练习（13）2017全国卷Ⅰ
61. as 62. effects 63. to process 64. are removed 65. a
66. worse 67. is 68. eating 69. careful 70. which
语法填空专题练习（14） 2017全国卷Ⅱ，15分词数：180
61. crowds 62. from 63. laying 64.the 65. were used
66. fairly 67. it 68. managed 69. introduction 70. successful
语法填空专题练习（15） 2017全国卷Ⅲ，15分词数：178
61. resting 62. a 63. has been told/was told 64. who 65. to prove
66. education 67. invitations 68. in 69. comes 70. certainly
2018年
16--2018全国卷Ⅰ本文是一篇说明文，介绍了跑步带来的多种健康益处。一本医学杂志上的评论及研究表明，跑步不仅使人长寿，而且可以降低死亡的风险。
1.longer考查副词。句中有than，故用long的比较级longer。
2.to see考查非谓语动词。本句有谓语，因此此处应用非谓语动词；分析句子结构及句意可知，此处应用动词不定式to see作目的状语。
3.dying考查非谓语动词。短语reduce one s risk of..."降低某人……的风险"，此处介词of后用动名词作宾语。
【易错点拨】注意die是不规则动词，v.-ing形式为dying；名词为death;形容词为dead。
4.is考查动词的时态和主谓一致。本文介绍了跑步的好处，通篇以一般现在时为主。本句中宾语从句与主句的时态应保持一致，故用一般现在时；且宾语从句中的主语为it,故用is。
5.than考查介词。根据句中的more可知，此处应用介词than引出比较对象。此处表示跑步比散步、骑行或游泳更能有效地延长寿命。故填than。
6.that/which考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处引导定语从句，先行词为 a study，且定语从句中缺少主语，故填关系代词that/which。
7.causes考查名词。此处cause是可数名词，意为"原因"，句中的all表示"所有"，后应用可数名词的复数形式，故填causes。
8.strengthen考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处为动词不定式作目的状语，故本空应填动词strengthen，意为"增强，加强"。
9.energetic考查形容词。and连接两个并列分句，两个分句都表示跑步的特征，and前面的cheap和easy均为形容词，故此处应用形容词energetic作表语，意为"需要能量的，剧烈的"。
10.it/running考查固定搭配。give it a try为固定搭配，意为"试一试"，根据语境可知，it 指代running，故可填it或running。
17--2018全国卷ⅠI
本文是说明文，文章介绍了中国近年来根据人们膳食的变化调整农作物种植结构。
【核心词汇】account for 说明（原因、理由等）; 导致，引起; （在数量、比例上）占; 对……负责specific adj. 明确的; 特有的，具体的recommendation n. 推荐; 推荐信; 建议carbon dioxide 二氧化碳
1.has grown考查时态。由句中的时间状语Since 2011可知，此空应用现在完成时。
2.the考查冠词。此处是特指，故用定冠词the。over the past 25 years表示"在过去的25年里"。
3.actually考查副词。这里需填副词来修饰谓语动词is。
4.to improve考查非谓语动词。不定式to improve water quality作目的状语。
5.than考查介词。由空前的less可知，此处应用介词than，表示"比"。
6.pollution考查名词。此处应填pollute的名词形式pollution作宾语。
7.global考查形容词。此处应填globe的形容词形式global作定语。
8.started考查时态。根据语境可知，此处叙述发生在过去的情况，应用一般过去时，故填started。
9.that/which考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，a soil\|testing program是先行词，指物，且定语从句中缺主语，所以应填关系代词that或which。10.feeding考查现在分词。while feeding its citizens是时间状语从句while it is feeding its citizens的省略结构。又可理解为此处的feed（养活）与主语China为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词形式。
18--2018全国卷ⅠII
“我”在中非共和国森林里偶遇大猩猩家庭以及由此引发的人猩交流。
1.who考查宾语从句。句意：我不确定谁受到了更大的惊吓，是我还是那只不知从何处突然蹦出来的雌性大猩猩。根据句意和句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，在从句中作主语，表示"谁"，故填who。
2.the考查冠词。 at the top of "在……顶端"，此处表示"大声地"。
3.loudest考查副词最高级。根据语境和空后的of all的修饰可知，空处应用副词的最高级。
4.looking考查非谓语动词。avoid后常接动名词作宾语，故空处填looking。
5.challenged考查语态。此处表示"我迅速低下头避免和它直视，以便它不会感到受到挑战",主语he和challenge构成被动关系，故填challenged。
6.scientist考查名词。根据空前的a可知，空处应填名词，且意为"科学家"，故填scientist。
7.for考查介词。 search for意为"寻找"，为固定搭配。
8.them考查代词。这里用them 指代上文的the gorillas。
9.meant考查时态。由于此处描述的动作已经发生，故用一般过去时。
10.to stay考查非谓语动词。allow sb. to do sth."允许某人做某事"，为固定用法，故填to stay。
19--2018浙江卷
本文是一篇议论文，中国饮食越来越受到外国友人的欢迎，与此同时，随着社会的发展，越来越多的人外出就餐。作者认为，外出就餐过多会带来费用支出过多和健康问题，我们应学着享受做饭的乐趣。
1.dishes考查名词单复数。dish是可数名词，其前无限定词，故用其复数形式dishes。
2.who/that考查定语从句。根据语境并分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是Many westerners，故填关系代词who/that。
3.it考查代词。此处应用it作形式主语，真正的主语是to eat out。
4.visiting考查非谓语动词。remember doing sth.表示"记得做过某事"，故填visiting。【知识拓展】非谓语动词中，现在分词v.-ing所表示的动作通常与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生且现在分词与逻辑主语之间是主谓关系；过去分词done与逻辑主语之间是动宾关系；不定式 to do通常表示将来和目的。
5.was shocked考查时态和语态。根据语境可知，此处表示"我感到很震惊"，shock与主语I为被动关系，同时根据后面的learnt可知，时态为一般过去时，所以填was shocked。
6.have become考查非谓语动词。根据语境和时间状语in recent years可知，此处需要用不定式的完成式，故填have become。
7.affordable考查形容词。根据语境可知，一周在外就餐一到两次可能是可以负担得起的，故填形容词affordable。
8.higher考查形容词的比较级。根据even并结合语境可知，此处表示"更高的代价"，故需要用high的比较级higher。
9.weight考查名词。根据语境可知，此处表示"体重问题"，故空处需要填名词weight。
10.for考查介词。根据语境可知，此处应用介词for表示"目的"。
20-2019【浙江卷】
56. has/will have 57. the 58. that/which 59.cycling 60.easily 61. to 62. improved 63. to wear 64. connection/connections 65. traditional
21--2019【北京卷】
1.voiced
2. facing
3. myself
4. marked
5. in
2.6. activities 7. suggests/suggested/has suggested 8. where
9. who / that 10. meaningful
22--2019全国卷ⅠII so；to get；of；who；recommended；competition；traditional；hugely；were invited；listening
23--2019全国卷ⅠI .being；which；finally；declared；to retire；have made；but；saying；a；wonderful
24--2019全国卷Ⅰ. that；poorly；of/for；to perform；have reported；belief；noting；higher；the；are
历年高考语法填空真题 1. (2018全国卷I)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形 式。 According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years 61 (long) than non-runners. You don’t have to run fast or for long 62 (see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of 63 ________ (die) early by running. While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it 64 (be) more effective at lengthening life 65 walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 66 showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 67 (cause). The best exercise is one that yo u enjoy and will do. But otherwise ... it’s probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to 68 (strength) your leg muscles (肌肉)，avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it’s always 69 (energy). If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give 70 a try. 2. (2018全国卷II)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形 式。 Diets have changed in china-and so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country 61____ (grow) more corn than rice。 Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over __62 __ past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent. A taste for meat is 63 _____(actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn's rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice 64_________(improve) water quality. Corn uses less water _65_____ rice and creates less fertilizer (化肥)runoff. This switch has decreased 66________ (pollute)in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people. According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total 67______(globe) fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005-when the government 68______ (start) a soil-testing program 69_________ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers- and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission(排 放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. China's approach to protecting its environment while 70 _____ (feed) its citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide,”says the bank's Juergen Voegele. 3. (2018全国卷III)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正 确形式。 I'm not sure 61 is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere. I'm walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpectedly, I'm face-to-face with the gorilla, who
专题一定语从句 一、关系代词引导的定语从句 1、that 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 which 指物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语（作宾语时可以省略） who 指人在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 whom 指人在从句中作宾语 whose 指人或物在从句中作定语 as 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 but 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 注意：指物时，whose+名词=the+名词+of which 或of which+the+名词 2、as 的用法 （1）常用于下列结构：such…as; so…as;the same…as; as…as 注意：the same…as 表示同一类，不同一个 the same…that 表示同一个 （2）as与which的区别 a、位置不同 as可放在主句后，主句前或主句中间；which只能放在主句后。 b、as起连接作用，表达说话人的观点、看法，并指出主句内容的根据或出处，意为“正如，正像”。 Which相当于并列句，可以用and this来代替，意为“这一点，这件事’”。 注意：as常用于下列结构：as we know/ as is known to all, as we all can see, as has been said before/above, as might be excepted, as is often the case, 一般不能用which代替as。 C、在从句中作主语时，which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语，而as只可作系动词be的主语。 3、but用作关系代词，相当于who/that…not 例：In China there is no one but knows Lei Feng. 二、只用that不用which的情况 1、.先行词为all , much, everything, nothing , something ,anything, nothing, none, the one等不定代词时 2、先行词被only, any, few, little, no , all, just , very ,right等修饰时. 3、当先行词是最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。 4、当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。 5、当先行词是数词时. 6、当先行词既指人又指物时。 7、如有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词已用which，另一个关系代词则宜用that。 8、主句是There be结构,修饰其主语的定语从句宜用that 作关系代词。 9、被修饰成分为表语,或者关系代词本身是定语从句的表语时，该关系代词宜用that。 10、先行词为what，关系代词用that。
2019年高考英语语法填空实战模拟 (名师精剖析解题技巧与方法+实战练习，值得下载练习) 篇一:语法填空答题技巧 {} 语法填空解题流程 {} 语法填空答题技巧 形式一有提示词类 (一)提供动词类 当设空处提供动词原形，设空处一般考查动词的时态、语态、非谓语动词或 词类转化。其解题步骤为： 全国Ⅰ]But for tourists like me，pandas are its top __61__(attract)．[典例1][2016· [剖析]考查名词。句意：对于像我一样的游客，大熊猫是最大的吸引。形容词 top“头等的；最重要的”后面跟名词形式。故填attraction。 [典例2][2016· 全国Ⅰ]My ambassadorial duties will include __67__(introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research centre in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.
[剖析]include为及物动词，后面应用动名词形式作宾语。故填introducing。 全国Ⅱ]Leaving the less important things until tomorrow __63__ [典例3][2016· (be) often acceptable. [剖析]分析句子结构可知，动名词短语Leaving the less...until tomorrow作主语，故63处应为谓语动词且应用单数形式。故填is。 (二)词性转换类 词性转换多以派生词变化为主，如：形容词与副词间的相互转化形容词与名 词间的相互转化；形容词与动词间的相互转化；动词与名词间的相互转化等。其 解题步骤为： 全国Ⅰ]The title will be __63__(official)given to me at a ceremony [典例1][2016· in London. [剖析]考查副词。修饰动词应用副词形式。应填officially。 全国Ⅱ]Then，handle the most important tasks first so you'll feel a [典例2][2016· real sense of __62__ (achieve)． [剖析]考查名词。介词of后应用名词作宾语。故填achievement。 特别提醒：1.括号中所给词为形容词或副词时，也有可能是考查其比较等级。 [典例1]The__68__(hard) you try to beat him，the more likely you will get hit.He controls you! [剖析]分析句子结构以及根据句意可知，此处为“the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..”结构，表示“越……，就越……”，故答案为harder。 2．括号中所给词为名词时，有可能不是考查词性转换，而是考查单复数。 [典例2]．..for most of us the __69__(change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work，like cleaning up a polluted river. [剖析]由定冠词the可知，此处应填名词，由谓语动词are和require可知此处 应用复数形式changes。 3．有个别空可能是词义转换题，词性不一定要变，主要是考查与词根意义相 反的派生词，需根据句子意思及前后逻辑关系，在词根前加un-，im-等，在词根
定语从句高考真题2010-2017 2017年高考英语定语从句汇编 1.（2017天津）My eldest son,________ work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment. 2.(2017江苏)In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of ________ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation. 3.(2017北京)The little problems ________ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions. 4.(2017江苏)The publication of Great Expectations, _________was both widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens status as a leading novelist. 5.(2017江苏卷)We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20,half of_________it used to charge. 2016年高考英语定语从句汇编 1．(2016·江苏高考)Many young people，most of ________were well－educated，headed for remote regions to chase their dreams. 2．(2016·天津高考)We will put off the picnic in the park until next week，________ the weather may be better. 3．(2016·天津高考)One day，mentally exhausted，I wrote down all the reasons ________ this problem could not be solved. 4．(2016·浙江高考)Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears，none of ________ has been proved. 5．(2016·浙江高考)I made friends with the natives，and their reaction amazed me.They gave me presents of their favorite artworks ________ they had refused to sell to tourists. 6．(2016·四川高考)One important biological factor________helps women live longer is the difference in hormones between men and women. 7．(2016·北京高考)I live next door to a couple ________ children often make a lot of noise. 8．(2016·北京高考)So condors with high levels of lead are sent to Los Angeles Zoo，________ they are treated with calcium EDTA，a chemical that removes lead from the blood over several days. 9．(2016·全国Ⅰ)A nurse ________ understands the healing(治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures. 10．(2016·全国Ⅰ)I had one trip last year________I was caught by a hurricane in America. 2015年高考英语定语从句汇编 1．(2015·江苏高考)The number of smokers, ________ is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.
高考全国卷1语法填空解析 By Chen Ming 〔医学界〕 61 a method of fighting heart disease,has had some unintended side 62 Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet.They are required 63 〔process〕 the food that we eat,to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions.When fat and salt 64 〔remove〕from the food,the food tastes as if it is missing something.As 65 result,people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.Even 66 〔bad〕,the amount of fast food that people eat goes up.Fast food 67 〔be〕 full of fat and salt;by 68 〔eat〕 more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet. Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack〔吃点心〕between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However,be 69 〔care〕 not to go to extremes.Like anything,it is possible to have too much of both, 70 is not good for the health. 【语法填空答案解析】 61.as 考查介词.根据句意“这一趋势最开始被医学界作为一种治疗心脏病方法”可知这里表达“作为”之意，所以答案填as. 62.effects 考查名词单复数.有前面的修饰短语some可知这里的side effects应该用复数，所以答案填effects. 63.to process 考查非谓语动词.根据固定短语be required to do sth.“被要求做某事”可知此处答案填to process. 64.are removed 考查动词时态和语态.设空处是由When引导的时间状语从句，主语是fat and salt〔复数〕，因此所给词remove要充当谓语，根据上下文可知为一般现在时，而fat and salt与remove存在被动关系，故答案填are removed. 65.a考查冠词.根据固定短语as a result “结果”，可知答案填a. 66.worse 考查形容词的比较级.此处所给词bad前面有even修饰，所以要用比较级,根据bad-worse-worst可知答案填worse. 67.is 考查动词时态.此句主语是Fast food，所以后面的be作谓语，根据上下文语境该用一般现在时，fast food是单数，所以答案填is. 68.eating 考查非谓语动词.By是介词，后接动名词作宾语，所以答案填eating. 69.careful 考查词类转换.此句是一个祈使句，以系动词be开头，系动词后面接形容词作表语，所以care 转换成形容词careful.所以答案填careful. 70.which 考查定语从句.根据句意“跟其他食物一样，吃得太多也是有可能的，但这对健康不利”，设空处应该指代前面整句话，所以只能用which引导非限制性定语从句，所以此处填which. 1 / 1
高考语法考点概述 一、情态动词的考点 常用can/could句式:常用must句式：Shall /Should用法 Will—would--- used to;May/Might; Dare—dared; Need ●情态动词+不定式的完成式： 二、形容词、副词的考点 ●有关比较级和more than 用法 ●比较级表最高级---比较级与否定句连用 ●倍数表达法 ●形容词作状语表主语做某动作的原因、结果或伴随状态。 ●特殊形式的“非常”及其他 ●以- ing/-ed 结尾的形容词:加ing表“令人…的”;加ed表”感到…的” ●Rather与quite；common/usual/ ordinary/ normal/ average ; available/accessible; calm/silent/still/quiet ●多个形容词做定语排序：好美小高状其新；彩色国料特别亲。A large black steel board 三、状语从句考点before ;when ;where ;as ;since/now that; whoever. 四、定语从句考点whose;when;where;why;that;which;as 五、名词性从句考点what; that; whoever；doubt 六、非谓语动词with的复合结构；there being/to be 七、虚拟语气if; should; otherwise;but 八、时态和语态before; by；主动表被动 九、祈使句的反意问句及回答 十、反意问句I think …; must have done 十一、倒装not until;in no case;now/then ;only +状；so/such…that 十二、固定句型--- 一…就；when 表突然这时;before ;since;强调句型 十三、代词it; that;those;one; the other; another 十四、主谓一致：定从中等 十五、省略---状从中省略；to的省略；及承上省略to 后的动词 十六、动词词组及辨析 break; bring;cut;make;pick;keep;hold;catch; put; turn; call; take seat;sit---fit;suit;match----injure;hurt;wound- 十七、一词多义cover, catch ;strike;reach;follow 十八、一词多性eye; head; shoulder;face;chair;picture;sense 十九、介词beyond; under; in ; on ;with; over 二十、交际用语 高考语法考点详述 一.常用can/could句式: 1.This work is more than I can do.这个工作超出我所能做的。 2.He had run away before I could thank him.我还没来得及他，他已经跑了 3.You cannot be too careful. 你越仔细越好 4.You can’t pay enough attention to your spelling.你越注意你的拼写越好 =You can’t pay too much attention to your spelling. https://www.doczj.com/doc/1614014812.html,e here as quickly as you can.尽可能快点来= Come here as soon as possible. 6. Experiments can be very expensive.实验有时会很贵
高考英语之语法填空全攻略 通过认真研读2016-2018年全国新课标卷的语法填空部分，笔者总结了关于此题型的13个考点，分别为介词的考查、名词单复数的考查、非谓语动词的考查、谓语动词的考查、冠词的考查、形容词的考查、词性转换的考查、定语从句的考查、代词的考查、固定句式的考查、祈使句的考查、连词的考查、状语从句的考查,在下面的篇幅中，笔者会针对这13个考点逐一进行深入分析，帮助广大考生更好地理解和掌握此类题型。 （一）介词的考查 （2018全国卷三） I was searching for these three western lowland gorillas I’d been observing. （2017全国卷一） This trend, which was started by the medical community as a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side effects such as overweight and heart disease. （2017全国卷二） It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible crowds on the roads above as they travelled to and from work. （2017全国卷三） After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree in engineering or architecture. （2016全国卷一） But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s. （2016全国卷二） Most of us are more focused on our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day. （2016全国卷三） In India, for example, most people traditionally eat with their hands. 命题规律及预测
2017 新课标全国I 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community（医学界） 61 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 62 (effect) such as overweight and heart disease — the very thing the medical community was trying to fight. Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 63 (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 64 (remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something. As 65 result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 66 (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 67 (be) full of fat and salt; by 68 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet. Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 69 (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70 is not good for the health. 答案 61. as 62. effects 63. to process 64. are removed 65. a 66. worse 67. is 68. eating 69. careful 70. which 2017 新课标全国II 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible __61__ (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and __62__ word. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the
动词的时态改错 I. A级单项单句改错 1. The teacher told that the sun rose in the east. 2. I will speak to him when I will see him next Sunday. 3. I will get everything ready before my boss come back. 4. Does your mother has lunch at home? 5. He was writing a letter at the moment, I believe. 6. He can't be waiting us. 7. I am looking at the sky, and I see a strange star. 8. I haven't seen her since two months. 9. She went to Beijing several times. 10. Jane is doing some cleaning this time yesterday. B级单项单句改错 1. If it won't rain, we will go to visit the zoo. 2. The new secretary will supposed to report to the manager as soon as she arrives. 3. When I was at college I spoken three foreign languages, but I had forgotten all except a few words of each. 4. The police found that the house has been broken into and a lot of things stolen. 5. The volleyball match will be put off if it rain. 6. Mary is making a dress when she cut her finger. 7. This is the first time I had been here. 8. You can join the club when you will get a bit older. 9. Mother promised she will buy me a bike. 10. ---- We could have walked to the station. It was so near. ---- Yes. A taxi wasn't at all necessary.
江苏高考英语语法专题复习知识点汇总 一、冠词The Article 知识要点： 冠词是一种虚词，放在名词的前面，帮助说明名词的含义。冠词分不定冠词（The Indefinite Article）和定冠词（The definite Article）两种。a (an) 是不定冠词，a用在辅音之前：如a book, a man; an用在元音之前，如：an old man, an hour, an interesting book等。the是定冠词。 一、不定冠词的用法 1、指人或事物的某一种类（泛指）。这是不定冠词a (an)的基本用法。如：She is a girl. I am a teacher. Please pass me an apple. 2、指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物。如：He borrowed a story-book from the library. A Li is looking for you. 一位姓李的同志正在找你。 3、表示数量，有“一”的意思，但数的概念没有one强烈。如： I have a mouth, a nose and two eyes. 4、用于某些固定词组中。如： a bit, a few, a little, a lot of, a piece of, a cup of, a glass of, a pile of, a pair of, have a good time, for a while, for a long time等。 5、用在抽象名词前，表具体的介绍——a + 抽象名词，起具体化的作用。如： This little girl is a joy to her parents. 这女孩对她父母来说是一个乐趣。 It is a pleasure to talk with you. 跟您交谈真是一件愉快的事情。 It is an honour to me to attend the meeting. 参加这个会，对我来说是一种荣誉。 二、定冠词的用法： 1、特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。这是定冠词the的基本用法。如： Beijing is the capital of China. The pen on the desk is mine. 2、指谈话双方都知道的人或事物。如： Where is the teacher? Open the window, please. 3、指上文提过的人或事物（第二次出现）。如： There was a chair by the window. On the chair sat a young woman with a baby in her arms. The baby was thin. 4、用在世界上独一无二的事物前。如：
2014-2019高考语法填空真题 1. (2019全国卷I)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88°, there is evidence ___61___ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been ___62___(poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide. Modern methods ___63___ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive ___64___(perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut ___65___(report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a ___66___(believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by ___67___(note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are ___68___(high) than they actually are. Of ___69___ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six ____70____(be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data. 2. (2018全国卷II)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A 90-year-old has been awarded“Woman Of The Year” for ___61___(be)Britain’s oldest full-time employee —still working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, ___62___ she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard work have ___63___(final) been acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名) her to be Cheshire’s Woman Of The Year. Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene ___64___(declare) she had no plans ___65___(retire) from her 36-year-old business. Irene said, “I don’t see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I ___66___(make) over the years. I work not because I have to, ___67___ because I want to.” Granddaughter Gayle Parks, 31—who works alongside her in the family business—said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award. She said, “We don’t have any idea who put grandma forward. When we got a call ___68___(say) she was short-listed, we thought it was ___69___ joke. But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It’s ____70____(wonder).” 3. (2018全国卷III)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On our way to the house, it was raining ___61___ hard that we couldn’t help wondering how long it would take ___62___(get) there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.