当前位置:文档之家› 高考英语常用词汇辨析500组人教版新课标

高考英语常用词汇辨析500组人教版新课标

高考英语常用词汇辨析500组人教版新课标
高考英语常用词汇辨析500组人教版新课标

高考英语常用词汇辨析500组[绝对精品]

高考英语常用词汇辨析500组

A——W

A

A

about around roundλ作副词时都含“四处”、“遍地”的意思。

about 系常用词, 如:?

look about 四处看。

around?具有about 的基本意思, 因此look about=look around, 但在下列短语里around没有about正式, 如:

travel around 各处旅行

round 和around在非正式用法中可以互换, 但一般用? round时更简练。在正式用语中, 一般用round指“旋转”, 而用around指“处处”, “到处”, 如:

She turned round at such a noise. 听到这样的吵声, 她回头看。

I have been looking for it all around. 我到处都找过了。

另外, 英国人用round的地方, 美国人倾向于用around, 如:?

[英] Winter comes round.

[美] Winter comes around.

above all;afterλ all;at all

above all意为“尤其是”、“首先”、“最重要的是”,常位于句首或句中,作插入语,起强调作用。如:?

But above all tell me quickly what I have to do.可首先快些告诉我该做什么。

A clock must above all keeps good time.时钟最重要的是必须走得准。

after? all意为“毕竟”、“终究”、“终归”、“到底”,在句中位置较灵活。可位于句首、句中或句末。如:

After all,your birthday is only two weeks away.毕竟,两周后就是你的生日。

He is,after all,a small child.他毕竟还是个小孩子。

He failed after all.他终于失败了。

at? all用于否定句时,意为“丝毫;根本”,用于疑问句时意为“究竟;到底”,用于条件句时,常译为“当真;实在”。用于肯定句中,表示说话人的某种情绪或情感(如怀疑或惊奇等),意为“竟然”等。如:

He doesn’t like you at all.他根本不喜欢你。

Are you going to do it at all?你究竟做不做这件事?

If you do it at all,do it well.若你真要做这件事,就得做好。

I was surprised at his coming at all.他竟然来了,我很惊讶。

add; add to; add…to; addλ up to

add作“加,增加”解时,既可作及物动词,又可用作不及物动词;作“又说,补充说”解时,与直接或间接引语连用。如:?

If the tea is too strong, add some more hot water.如果茶太浓了,再加点开水。

After a short while, he added that he would try his best.过了一会儿,他又接着说他会尽

力。

add? to意为“增添,增加,增进”。如:

The bad weather added to our difficulties.恶劣的天气增加了我们的困难。

add...to意为“把……加到……”,是把前一项加到后一项之后或之中。如:?

Add two to seven, and you will get nine.七加二等于九。

add up to意为“加起来总共是/累计得”,该短语不用于被动语态。如:?

All his school education added up to no more than one year.他的学校教育加起来不过一年。

affair;λ thing; matter; business

affair意为“事情、事件”,?含义较广,泛指已做或待做的事;复数affairs一般指商业事务及政府的日常事务,如财政管理、外交事务等。

thing意为“事情、事物”,不管大事小事、好事坏事均称为thing,一般不能专指事务;复数things还可作“形势”解。?

matter侧重指须留心的要事或问题、难题。?

business作“事务、事情”解时,一般不能用复数,常常指所指派的任务、责任;有时说的是指派的工作或商业上的买卖活动。?

λ a great deal; a great deal of

a great? deal用作名词,意为“大量”,“许多”,作主语、宾语;用作副词,意为“很”或“非常”,作状语,修饰动词或用来强调比较级。如:

A great deal has been studied and this is the best way.经过大量研究后,这(被认为)是最好的办法。

We are a great deal cleverer than before.我们比以前聪明多了。

a great deal? of意为“大量的”,“非常多的”,相当于much,作定语,后接不可数名词。如:

A great deal of time/money/energy has been spent on the project.

大量的时间/金钱/能源花在那个工程上了。

agreeλ on;agree to;agree with;agree that

agree on作“就……取得一致意见”解。例如:?

The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month.

上月,就建一座新汽车厂之事达成了协议。

agree to有两层含义和用法:?

?其一是to作为动词不定式符号,其后跟动词原形,作“同意(答应)做某事”解。

例如: My father agreed to buy a new pen for me.父亲答应给我买支新钢笔。

其二是to作为介词,之后跟表示“计划/条件/建议等一类的名词或代词”。例如:?They have a greed to our plan.他们已同意我们的计划。

agree? with作“同意某人的意见”解,其后可跟表示人的名词或代词,也可跟表示“意见”或“说的话”的名词或从句。例如:

He agreed with my opinions.他同意了我的意见。

We agreed with what he said at the meeting.我们同意他在会上讲的话。

agree that作“认为……”解,其后跟宾语从句。例如:?

I agree that your composition is very good.我认为你的这篇作文写得不错。

allow;let 二者均可作“允许”解,但各有侧重:λ allow重在“允许”或“容许”,也可表示客气的请求。例如:He allowed me to take his? dictionary.他允许我拿走他的词典。Will you allow me to use your bike?我可以用你的自行车吗? let作“允许”或“让”解,主要用于口语,一般可与allow互换。作“允许”解时,常暗含“听任”、“默许”之意;作“让”解时,常含“祈使”或“建议”之意。注意:let之后作宾补的不定式不带to,且不可用于被动语态,而allow则相反。例如:? Please let me walk with you(=Please allow me to walk with you.).我(请允许我)跟你一起走。注:allow常用于allow sb.to do sth.或allow doing sth.结构中。

λ although; though; as

三者均可表示“尽管;虽然”,引导让步状语从句。although用法较正式,语气较强;though 较常用;as则主要用于倒装句。它们的用法有如下几点值得注意:

状语从句由although, though或as引导,主句之前不可有but, and, so,? however等并列连词,但可有yet或still等副词。although与though常可互换。例如:

Although/Though he believes it, yet he will not act.他虽然相信它,但却不肯有所行动。 as表示“尽管;虽然”,只能用于倒装句,即:将表语、状语或谓语动词放在as之前。though 也可这么用。例如:?

Young as/though he is, he knows a lot.他虽然年纪不大,却懂得很多。

注意:如果表语是单数名词,要省略a。例如:

Child as/though he is, he can speak two foreign languages.虽然他是个孩子,但他会说两门外语。

though可以放在句末,表示“但是”,although却不能。例如:?

They said they would come; they did not, though.他们说他们会来,可是他们并没有来。 although只用来陈述“事实”,不能表示“假设”。因此可以说even?though“即使”以及as though“好像(=as if)”,不能说even although或as although。例如:

I believe you are on duty—even though you’re i n plain clothes.尽管你穿着便衣,我相信你是在值勤。

among/betweenλ

这两个介词都有“在……之间”的意思。between常用于两者之间;among一般指三者或三者以上之间。若指三个以上人或物中的每两个之间时,仍然要用between。

例如:The girl walked between her father and mother.这个女孩走在她父亲和母亲之间。She is the tallest among her classmates.她在她同学之间是最高的。

Switzerland lies between France,Italy,Austria and Germany.

瑞士位于法国、意大利、奥地利和德国之间。

λ argue debate dispute 都含“辩论”的意思。

argue 着重“说理”、“论证”和“企图说服”, 如:?

I argued with her for a long time, but she refused to listen to reason.

我和她辩论了好久, 但她还是不听。

debate 着重“双方各述己见”, 内含“交锋”的意思, 如:?

We have been debating about the issue. 我们一直在就这个问题进行辩论。

dispute?指“激烈争辩”, 含有“相持不下”或“未得解决”之意,如:

Whether he will be elected as chairman is still disputed. 他是否当选为主席, 仍然有争论。

argue;quarrel;discussλ

这三个动词均有“争”的意思,但“争”法不同。

argue着重就自己的看法或观点,提出论证,同他人“争论”或“辩论”。例如:?

We heard them arguing in the other room.我们听见他们在另一个房间里争论。

另外,argue同with搭配,其后接人;与about连用,其后接事物。例如:

We argued with them about this problem for a long time.这个问题我们同他们辩论了很长时间。

quarrel是指对某事不喜欢或强烈不满而发生的“争吵”或“吵架”。同with搭配,其后接某人;和about连用,其后接某事。例如:?

He often quarrels about their housework with his wife.他常为家务事同妻子争吵。

discuss是指认真交换自己的意见或看法的“讨论”。例如:?

We'll discuss the use of the articles tomorrow.明天我们将讨论冠词的用法。

as (so) far as; as (so) long asλ

as(so)far as的意思是“就……而言(所知)”,as (so) far as sth.is? concerned是其中一种具体用法,意为“就某事而言”;as (so) long as意为“只要”,引导条件状语从句。如:As far as I know, more than 10 million laid-off workers have found their new jobs.

就我所知,一千多万下岗工人已经找到了新的工作。

There is nothi ng that we can’t do so /as long as we keep on trying to do it.

只要我们不断地努力去做,就没有什么事干不成。

As far as the tourism of China is concerned, there is a long way to go.

就中国的旅游业而言,需要做的工作还很多。

asleep/sleepingλ二者都是形容词。asleep仅用作表语,不能作定语,表示“睡着,熟睡”的意思;而sleeping一般只能用作定语,放在名词前,表示“睡眠中的,休止的”意思。如:我们不能说:an asleep baby,但可以说:a sleeping baby(一个熟睡的婴儿)。

再如:He was asleep with his head on his arms.他头枕着手臂在熟睡。

asleeping dog正在熟睡的狗sleeping car卧车sleeping bag睡袋

assert,affirm,maintainλ maintain指在相反的证据或论点面前,重申原来的某种观点、立场。? affirm指以事实为依据,深信不疑地肯定某种观点或看法。? assert宣称、断言,常指某人主观自信,坚持己见,有时不顾客观事实而断言下结论。?

A.Despite all the policeman’s questions the suspect ___that he had been at home all evening.

B.It is nonsense to ___that smoking does not damage people’s health.C.Throughout his prison sentence Dunn has always ___his innocence.Answers:A.affirmed B.assert C.maintained

λ as though;even though;though

as though(=as? if),意为“好像;似乎”,引导方式状语从句或表语从句。如:

He spoke as though(as if)he had been here before.他说话的口气好像他以前来过这里。

It looks as if(as though)it is going to rain.看起来好像要下雨。

even though(=even? if),意为“即使”,引导让步状语从句。though也引导让步状语从句,意为“虽然”;even though有退一步设想的意味,与though不同。though引导的句子所说的是事实,even though引导的句子所说的则不一定是事实。例如:

He will not tell the secret even though(even if)he knows it.即使他知道这个秘密,他也不肯说出来。

He will not tell the secret though he knows it.他虽然知道这个秘密,但他不会说出来。

at the? at the beginning;in the beginning λ beginning 在……初;在……开始的时候。常与of连用。例如:Students usually have a study plan at the in the beginning 相当于at?beginning of term.学生们在开学初制定学习计划。first,表示“起初、开始”时,含“起初是这种情况,而后来却不是这种情况”之意,不与of连用。例如:In the beginning,some of us took no interest in physics.起初我们有些人对物理不感兴趣。

λ attack assail assault charge beset

都含有"攻击"的意思。?

attack 是常用词,?指"攻击敌人"或"用言论攻击他人", 如:

Germany began to attack the Soviet Union in 1941. 德国在1941年开始进攻苏联。 assail 指"猛烈连续地攻击", 如:?

The enemy plane assailed our defence position. 敌机不断猛烈地攻击我们的阵地。 assault 语气比assail强, 指"突然猛烈地进攻",?暗示"武力的直接接触" (如肉搏等), 也有"暴力"的意思, 如:The enemy assaulted us at dawn. 敌人在黎明时向我进攻。 charge 指"冲击"或"骑兵的突然攻击", 如:?

The cavalry charged to the front. 骑兵猛烈向前线冲击。

beset 指"围攻", 即从各个方向攻击, 如:?

In the swamp we were beset by mosquitoes. 在沼泽地里, 我们受到蚊子的围攻。

at the ageλ at the age?of/by the age of of表示“在……岁时”,后面接基数词,强调某一时刻的情况或动作,用于一般过去时,作时间状语。例如:

At the age of six,he began to learn English.他六岁的时候开始学英语。

She learned to play the piano at the age often.她十岁的时候学弹钢琴。

by the age? of表示“到……岁的时候”、“在……岁以前”,后面接基数词,强调到某一时刻为止的结果,用于过去完成时或将来完成时,作时间状语。例如:

By the age of sixteen,he had learned to drive a car.到十六岁的时候,他已经学会了开小汽车。

You will have learned more than 2000 English words by the age of fourteen.

到你十四岁的时候,你将学会2000多个英语单词。

at the time; at that time; at oneλ time; at a time

at the time通常用于过去时句子中,指某件事情发生的“当时”、“那时”。例如:?

Many people saw the strange thing happen at the time.当时,许多人都看到了这件奇怪的事情的发生。

有时,at the time的后面可接“of...”短语。这时,它表示“在(某事态)发生的时候”或“在……的时代”。例如:?

Were you in San Francisco at the time of the big earth quake in 1989﹖

1989年旧金山发生地震时,你在那里吗?

It happened at the time of King Alfred.事情发生在阿尔弗雷德国王时期。

at that time 则通常指前文明确提到的某个时期、时候。通常其后不带“of...”短语。例如:?

In the 17th century much corn was grown in Tibet and Sichuan.At that time

(=At the 17th century) the land along the Changjiang River was becoming very crowded. at one time=during a period of time in the? past意为“过去有一段时期”,“曾经”。例如:They used to be good friends at one time.他们曾经是好朋友。

at a time则意为“一次”,表示一个时间单位。它常与表示数量的词语连用,表示频率。例如:?

Don’t speak all at once.One at a time, please.不要同时一起说。一次只一个人说。Take the medicine three times a day and three pieces at a time.这些药每天服三次,每次服三粒。

atλ...speed /with ...speed

at the speed of或者at ...? speed,意为“以……的速度”。而当speed被all, lightning, great等修饰时,介词应用with。我们可用一句口诀来帮助记忆:都(all)以闪电般(lightning)大(great)的速度行驶。如:

Our car was running with all speed on the expressway.我们的车在高速公路上全速行驶。The Long March No.2 Rocket sent up the satellite into space at the speed of 11.2 kilometers per second.长征二号火箭以每秒钟11.2公里的速度将卫星发射到太空。

B

λ这四个词都是表示原因或理由的连接词,但是as,because,since是从属连词,引导原因状语从句,for是并列连词,所引导的不是原因状语从句,而是表示理由的对等句子,是对前面所讲内容补充和说明。在语气上由强至弱依次为because→since→as→for。because引导的从句多置于句末,表示直接的原因或理由,表示产生那种结果的必然的因果关系,在回答why的提问时,必须用because作答。? because/since/as/for

如:We stayed at home because it rained.因为下雨我们呆在家里。

as与since引导的从句多置于句首,不过as表示十分明显的原因,只说明一般的因果关系,可译为“因为、由于”;而since则表示稍加分析、对方已知的原因,一般可译为“既然”。如:?

As he was not feeling well,I decided to go there alone.由于他身体欠佳,我决定独自去那里。

Since everyone is here,let's start.既然大家都到了,咱们就开始吧。

for引导的从句一般放在句末,其前用逗号,它所叙述的理由是间接的,即推测性理由,或是对前面叙述的事实或看法的补充说明。如:?

There must be nobody in the classroom,for the light is off.

教室里一定没有人,因为灯灭了。(推测性理由)

believe;believe inλ

believe作及物动词时,其后可跟名词,表示“相信”;后接从句或复合宾语时,表示“认为;料想;相信”等。如:?

I believe what he says.我相信他的话。

I believe that he will succeed.我相信他会成功的。

believe? in 是一个动介型短语动词,表示“信奉;信仰”(指对某种思想、主张、观念、行动具有信心)和“信任(have trust in)”。如:

They believe in God.他们信仰上帝。

I believe in having plenty of exercise.我相信多锻炼有好处。

believe和believe in后均可接表示人的名词或代词,但含义不同。试比较:?

I believe in him(I think he is a frustworthy man).我信任他。

I believe him.(I believe what he says).我相信他的话。

belief faith trust confidenceλ都含有“相信”的意思。

belief 指“承认某事是真的, 尽管有或没有确凿的证据”, 如:?

belief in ghosts. 相信有鬼。

faith 指“认为有确凿证据或道理而完全相信”, 如:?

I have faith in his ability to succeed. 我相信他有成功的能力。

trust 指“信赖”、“信任”, 含有“坚定的信念”的意思, 如:?

enjoy the trust of the people 得到人民的信任。

confidence 指“在有证据的基础上相信”,?也常指“自信”、“有把握”, 如:

She has great confidence in her success. 她对自己的成功充满信心。

besides;except;butλ

三者都可以用作介词。用于肯定句中时,except/but意为“除……外(不再有)”;besides 意为“除……外(还有)”。请比较:?

All of them have seen the film except/but Wu Dong.除了吴东外,他们都看过了那部影片。

All of them have seen the film besides Wu Dong.除了吴东看过那部影片外,他们也都看过了。

except后接名词、代词、-ing或不定式时,可以与but互换;except后接副词、介词短语时,一般不能为but所替换。如:?

I’ll do everything except/but cook.除了做饭,我什么事情都干。

This window is never opened except in summer.除了在夏天,这个窗子从不打开。

用在否定句中,三者可以互换。如:?

There aren’t any other people to do the work except/but/besides you.

除了你,没人能做这工作。

λ be?be anxious to; be anxious for; be anxious about ;be anxious that anxious to 表示“急于”、“渴望”,其中to是不定式符号,后面接动词原形;

be anxious? for表示“渴望”,后面接名词或代词时,强调渴望得到某物或渴望了解某事;后面接sb.to do sth.时,表示“渴望某人能做某事”,其中for sb.to do sth.是不定式复合结构。

be anxious? be anxious about 表示“对…感到不安”、“为…担心”、“为…忧虑”;? that表示“渴望”,后面接从句,that从句的谓语动词须用虚拟语气;

[EXERCISES]

①I ____the result of the examination.

②We ____know the result of the examination.

③We ____Mr Liu to help us with our English.

④Mr Li ____ a new car.

⑤They ____arrive home before dark.

(Key: ①am anxious about/for ②are anxious to ③are anxious for ④is anxious for

⑤are anxious to)

1) The girl ____a new dictionary.2) All the students ____their results of this examination.3) Everyone _____know their results of the competition.4) We ____Mr Zhao to return.5) We _____she should do her best.

Key: 1) was/is anxious for 2) are anxious about 3) is anxious to 4)are anxious for 5)are anxious that

be known as;be known for;be known to; be known inλ

be known as 意为“作为……而著名”,其后的名词表示一个人的身份、职业等。如:?

Liu Huan is known as a singer.刘欢作为一个歌手而出名。

We’re sure you’ll be well-known as an artist.我们相信你会成为一位著名的画家。

be known for 意为“因……而著名”,其后所接内容表示某人或物的特点、特长等。如:?Guilin is known for her beautiful mountains and rivers.桂林因其美丽的山水而闻名。

Mr Geldof is well-known for organizing two big pop concerts on the same day.

盖尔多夫先生因在同一天组织两场大型的流行音乐会而出名。

be known to?“为……所了解/知道”,其后接表示人的词语。“(人们都)知道”,其后接动词原形。如:

He is known to all in our village.村子里的人都了解他。

He was known to have invented many things.=It was known that he had invented many things.

人们都知道他已经发明了很多东西。

be known in?意为“在某地很著名”。如:

He is well-known in the town where he was born.他在自己出生的那个镇子上很出名。

be made of/be made in/be made from/be made by/beλ be made? be made of 表示“由……制成”,指从原料到制成品,只发生了形状变化,没有发生本质变化(属物理变化)。?made up of be made?in当后面接时间的数词或名词时,表示“某物何时制造的或何时产的”。当后面接指地点的名词时,表示“某地产某物”。 be made?from表示“由……制成”,指从原料到制成品,发生了质的变化,已无法复原(属化学变化)。 be made up?by 表示“由……制做”,后面接指人的名词或代词,强调动作的执行者。of表示“由……构成(组成)”,强调主语由两部分或两个以上的部分构成或组成。【练习】用be made in,be made of,be made from,be made by或be made up of填空。①This

bike Tianjin.②This table wood.③The

car 1999.④Paper wood.⑤The kite my mother.⑥The team ten members.【Keys】was made in;is made of ;was made in be used for/be used as/be used byλ;is made from;was made by;is made up of be used? be used for表示“被用作……”或“被用来作……”,后面接名词或v -ing,其中for表示目的。? be used?as表示“作为……而用”或“用作……”,后面接名词或动词不定式,强调使用的工具及手段。by表示“由……使用”,后面接指人的名词或代词,

强调使用者。【练习】用be used for,be used as或be used by填空。①A telephone better communication(交流).②The motorbike Liu Ming.③A ruler often a knife by him to cut a piece of paper open.【Keys】is used for;is used by;is,used as

be pleasedλ with; be pleased at(或about);be pleased to

1) The manager ___you before.

2) My boss must ___see you again in HongKong.

3) I ___seeing so many students present.

4) I hear Mr Zhao ___your article.

析:①was pleased with。表示“对……满意;喜欢……”后面通常接指人的名词或代词。②be pleased to。表示“很高兴或很乐意做某事”,其中to是不定式符号,后面接动词原形。③am pleased at(或about)。be pleased at(或about)表示“对(看到或听到的)事感到高兴,”后面接指事的名词或v-ing。④is pleased at(或about)。解析同③。

be to do sth;be about to do sth;be going to do sth.λ

be to? do sth.表示按计划或安排即将发生的动作,后可跟时间状语。如:

You're to hand in your papers by 10 o'clock.十点钟以前你得交上试卷。

be about to do sth.表示打算或安排即将发生的动作,它通常不与时间状语连用。如:?I was about to go out when someone knocked at the door.我正要出去,这时有人敲门。 be going to do sth.有三层含义:?

①表示打算、计划或决定要做某事。如:

We're going to spend our holidays in Wales this year.今年我们打算到威尔士度假。

②用以表示某事物即将发生或很可能发生。如:

I'm going to be twenty next month.下个月我就二十岁了。

③有迹象表明即将发生的动作或状态。如:

Look at those black clouds, there is going to be a storm.瞧那些乌云,暴风雨就要来了。

λ beat; strike; hit

strike通常表示“打一下、打若干下”,不一定都是有意的;还有“打动、使……着迷、某种想法突然闪现在脑海里”的含义;也可指“打、擦出(火),(蛇、兽)抓,咬,或(钟)敲响”。?

hit指“打中”或“对准……来打”,“敲打或打击对方的某一点”。?

beat着重“连续地打击”。如:殴打或体罚;也指在游戏、竞赛或战争中击败对方;也指“心跳”。?

λ blame; scold

blame“责备;责怪”,指某人应对自己不好的行为负责(常与for连用),或将某件不好的事情归咎于他人(常与on或upon连用),往往含有把自己当作评判人来评判某事,没有用言语来进行责骂的意思。例如:

He blamed Tom for the failure.他责怪汤姆造成了失败。

Don't blame it on him, but on me.别怪他,该怪我。

scold“责骂”,指唠唠叨叨地数说某人,多用于上级对下级、长辈对晚辈的“责骂”。例如:?

Don't scold the child.It's not his fault.不要责骂那孩子,这不是他的过失。

I hate to scold, son, but you mustn't stay out so late at night.

我不喜欢斥责,孩子,可你不该呆在外面那么晚不回家。

λ blow down表示“吹倒”、“刮倒”;blow? blow down; blow in; blow off; blow over in 表示“吹进”、“吹入”;blow off表示“吹掉”、“炸掉”、“发泄”;blow over表示“ 暴风雨 吹散”、“过去”、“结束”。

[EXERCISES]

1) The high winds yesterday _____thousands of trees.2) We sometimes had quarrels, but they soon _____.3) I had my hat ____by the wind.4) A lot of dust ____.You must clear it away.Key: 1) blew down 2) blew over 3) blown off 4) has blown in

break up; break down; breakλ out; break into; break in; break away; break through break? up表示“打碎”、“变坏”、“分解”、“终止”、“破裂”。

break down表示“瓦解”、“分解”、“失败”、“出故障”、“破坏”、“拆毁”。?

break out表示“爆发”、“突然发生”。?

break? into表示“强行进入”、“闯入”、“破门而入”、“打断(谈话、讨论)”、“突然……起来”。

break? in表示“闯入”、“打断”、“插嘴”,其中in是副词。

break? away表示“脱逃”、“脱离”、“突然离开”、“革除”、“戒除”,常与from连用。

break? through表示“战胜”、“突围”、“穿过……而出现”、“突破”。

[练]

①He said his computer _____.

②Those old cars will be ____for scrap(废铁).

③Last night somebody ____Mr Brown's house and took away many things.

④A fire ____after we had gone home.

⑤The boy often ____while his parents are speaking.

⑥You must ____from bad habits.

⑦After the heavy rain the sun ____the clouds.

⑧A thief ____and stole a lot of things last night.

⑨Tom ____the motor bike which he bought five years ago.

⑩The ice began to ____on the river.

(Key:①had broken down ②broken up ③broke into ④broke out ⑤breaks in

⑥break away ⑦broke through ⑧broke in ⑨broke down ⑩break up)

λ bring on;bring in;bring out

bring on 使发生;引起;端上(饭菜)。如:?

Tom often brings on meals and his brother,Jim picks up the dishes after meals.

汤姆常常端上饭菜,(而)他弟弟吉姆饭后收拾碗碟。

The sudden cold weather brought on his cold again.天气突然变冷,使他再次感冒。

bring in 引来;引进;吸收。如:?

His new business brings in 1,000 dollars.他的新生意使他赚了一千美元。

We also brought in some words from English.我们也从英语中吸收了一些词汇。

bring out 取出;说出;阐明;出版。如:?

He brought out his gun and pointed at me.他掏出枪来指着我。

Bring out the meaning more clearly.请把意思讲清楚些。

They have brought out a set of children’s books.他们出版了一套儿童读物。

λ bring? bring down; bring back; bring up; bring in bring? bring back表示“使回想起”、“归还”、“带回来”;?down表示“使倒下”、“减少”、“降低(价格、温度)”; bring in 表示“把......引进来”、“赚入”、“获利”、“把......拿进来”、“吸收”。?up

表示“呕吐出”、“养育”;

[EXERCISES]

1) Her singing _____memories of my mother.2) They also ____some words from their own languages.3) The wind ____a number of trees.4) He _____all he had eaten.5) Can you try to get them to ____the price﹖6) All library books must be ____before June 25.7) Mr White ____$500 a week.8) You must manage to _____the temperature.Key: 1) brings back 2) brought

in 3) brought down 4) brought up 5) bring down 6) brought back 7) is bringing in 8) bring down

broad;λ wide

两者都表示两边或两点之间的距离都有“宽的”之意,但broad着重某物覆盖面的范围?(如肩、背、胸等的宽),还可表示“宽宏大量”;wide着重指边沿间相隔的距离以及“广泛”之意。如:

Looking at the new-type camera, the young man with broad shoulders was surprised with his mouth wide open.

看着那个新型相机,那个肩宽背阔的年轻人惊奇得张大了嘴巴。

He’s a broad-minded person; he’ll never be disappointed by such a small failure.

他是个心胸宽广的人;决不会因为那么一次小小的失败而感到失望。

λ这两个连词都有“但是,可是,然而”之意。but连接两个分句或有关部分,表示转折或逻辑上的对比关系,使用最广,口语中更为常见。如:? but/however

We love peace but we are not afraid of war.我们热爱和平,但我们并不害怕战争。

however转折意味比but弱,连接的两个分句或有关部分的关系较为松弛,后一部分常起附带说明或衬托作用。however常以插入语形式出现在句子中间,前后用逗号隔开,也可置于句首或句末。如:?

Later,however,he decided to go.可是后来他决定去了。

by oneself;oneselfλ

by oneself=alone,without? help。强调“在无他人或他物的情况下”或“无帮助的情况下”; oneself作同位语,表示强调本人。?

试比较:

If you come to my house,I’ll cook for you myself.

如果你来我家,我将亲自下厨。(强调亲手为你做饭)

Can you cook by yourself now?你现在能单独做饭了吗?(强调无他人协作)

byλ sea;by the sea

by sea意为“走海路;坐轮船”,其中by表示乘坐交通工具或行走方式,by与名词间不可用冠词;by the? sea意为“在海边”,其中by表示“在……旁边”,by与后面的名词间常有冠词修饰。如:

They will go to America by sea.他们将坐轮船去美国。

There is a small village by the sea.海边有个小村庄。

请比较下面类似有这样区别的短语:

by ship 乘船by a ship 在一艘轮船旁边

by land 从陆路by the land 在岸边(在陆地旁边)

by taxi 乘出租车by the taxi 在出租车旁边

by road 从陆路by the road 在路边

D

daily; everyday; every dayλ daily用作名词意为“日报”如:China? everyday意为“每日的、日常的”,在句中作定语。everyday?Daily《中国日报》用作形容词,意同everyday;用作副词意同everyday。 every?English=daily English日常英语;everyday life=daily life 日常生活。day(分开写)意为“每天”,在句中作状语。如:He comes here every day.=He comes here daily.他每天来这儿。

damage; destroy;λ ruin

这三个词都有“破坏;损坏”的意思,区别如下:

damage意为“损坏、破坏”。它可用于表示损坏或破坏具体的物品,一般暗示损坏后价值或效益会降低,这种损坏是部分性的,通常指损坏的程度不那么严重,还可以修复再用。也可用于表示损坏抽象的东西,有时该词也用于借喻。如:?

The car was not damaged badly in the accident, but five people were seriously hurt.

汽车在事故中损坏不严重,但却有五个人受了重伤。

Her heart was slightly damaged as a result of her long illness.长期生病使她的心脏受到轻度损伤。

What they said and did damaged the relations between the two countries.

他们的言行损害了这两个国家之间的关系。

Smoking has damaged his health badly.吸烟严重地损害了他的健康。

damage还可用作可数或不可数名词。如:?

The earthquake did a lot of damages to the city.这场地震给这座城市带来了巨大的破坏。 destroy意为“破坏;摧毁;消灭;毁灭”,通常指程度非常严重的“毁坏”,一般情况下不可以修复再用。另外,它既可表示毁坏具体的物品,也可表示毁坏抽象的东西。如:?

The big fire destroyed the whole house.这场大火把整座房子都烧毁了。

The Nazi wanted to destroy people's hopes, but in the end what was destroyed was the Nazi's dream by the power of people.纳粹想摧毁人民的希望,最终是纳粹的梦想被人民的力量所摧毁。

ruin多用于借喻之中,有时泛指一般性的破坏,指把某物损坏到了不能再使用的程度。如:?

My new coat is ruined.我的外套不能再穿了。

The rain will ruin the crops.这雨会把庄稼毁掉的。

I was ruined by that law case; I'm a ruined man 我被那场官司毁了,我破产了。

λ damp wet dank moist humid 都含"潮湿的"意思。

damp指"轻度潮湿, 使人感觉不舒服的", 如:?

I don't like damp weather. 我不喜欢潮湿的天气。

wet 指"含水分或其他液体的"、"湿的", 如:?

be wet to the skin 浑身湿透。

dank 指"阴湿的", 如:?

a dark dank and chilly cave 一个既黑暗又潮湿、又阴冷的洞。

moist指"微湿的"、"湿润的", 常含"不十分干, 此湿度是令人愉快的"意思,?如: Grasses were moist with dew. 草被露水润湿了。

humid为正式用语,?常表示"空气中湿度大的", 如:

In the east, the air is humid in summer. 在东方, 夏季空气潮湿。

day by day; day after dayλ

day by? day意为“一天一天地”,“逐日”,表示事情的逐渐变化过程。该短语只能作状语。如:

It's getting colder day by day.天气一天天冷了起来。

The boy is getting better day by day.那孩子一天天好了起来。

day? after day意为“日复一日”、“一天又一天”,表示一个重复(周而复始或循环重复)的动作或事件。该短语可作主语和状语。如:

Day after day went by, and still no message arrived.日子一天天过去,仍然杳无音讯。

I have to do the work day after day.我得天天做这项工作。

deal with; do with; get rid ofλ

get rid of表示“处理”,侧重“消灭;摆脱或清除”;deal with和do? with侧重“处理”的手段、方法或方式。do的后面可接宾语,deal的后面不接宾语;do with常与what连用,deal with常与how连用。

[练]

①If they are not coming, we can ___the tickets.

②How did they ____matters of this sort﹖

③What did you ____the broken car﹖

④Mr Zhang wrote a book ____life in England.

⑤We should ____the weeds in the fields.

(Key: ①get rid of ②deal with ③do with ④dealing with ⑤get rid of)

demonstrate?demonstrate,illustrate λ证明,论证,以科学严谨的态度,通过推理、辩论或提供证据来证明事物的正谬。illustrate 指用实物、图片等进行说明,illustrate 后常用介词by,with。

A.The lecturer ____his point with a diagram ont heblackboard.

B.To ____his arguments,he showed us a lot of facts.

C.These figures clearly ___the size of the economic problem facing the country.Answers:A.illustrated B.demonstrate C.demonstrate

discover;invent;find;findλ out

invent意为“发明”,指通过劳动运用聪明才智“发明/创造”出以前从未存在过的新事物。?

Who invented the telephone?是谁发明电话的?

He invented a new teaching method.他发明了一种新的教学方法。

find意为“找到、发现”,指找到或发现自己所需要的东西或丢失的东西,着重指找到的结果。?

We've found oil under the South Sea.我们已在南海发现了石油。

They finally found a way.他们终于找到了办法。

discover意为“发现”,?表示“偶然”或“经过努力”发现客观存在的事物、真理或错误,即指发现原来客观存在但不为人所知的事物,也可表示发现已为人所知的事物的新的性质或用途。

Columbus discovered America in1492.哥伦布1492年发现了美洲。

We soon discovered the truth.我们很快就弄清了真相。

find out指经过研究或询问查明某事或真相。?

[EXERCISES]

1.Edison ____the electric lamp.

2.I lost my necklace last night.I haven’t ____it.

3.Who ____America first?

4.Can you ____what time the train leaves?

ANSWER: 1.invented 2.found 3.discovered 4.find out

λ都含“丢人”、“耻辱”的意思。? disgrace dishonor shame infamy scandal

disgrace?指“失去别人的尊敬”、“因自己或别人的行为所产生的耻辱感”, 如:

He was in disgrace after his ungentlemanly behavior. 他因为行为不检而为人所不齿。

dishonor指“因自己的言行而丧失自尊或玷辱名誉”, 如:?

His desertion to the enemy was a dishonor to his family. 他的投敌行为对他的家庭是耻辱。

shame指“由于失去自尊心而感到羞愧或羞耻”, 如?

I think it a shame to be so wasteful. 我认为那样浪费太可耻了。infamy指“声名狼藉”、“臭名昭著”, 如:

His name will live in infamy. 他的名字将遗臭万年。

scandal指“引起公愤的行为”、“丑事”, 如?

Iran Scandal 伊朗丑闻(指美国向伊朗出售武器的秘密被揭露后, 所引起的批评)。

E

ever before;ever since;everλ after

ever? since意为“从……之后一直”,其中的since既可作副词,也可作连词,该短语与完成时连用。有时ever可以省略。

ever? before意为“比以往任何时候”,其中的before为副词,常与比较级连用并放在than 之后。ever用来加强before的语气,before有时可以省略。

ever? after意为“从那以后”,其中的after可作连词,也可作副词,该短语常与过去时连用。

[EXERCISES]

1.He went to Tibet in 1969 and has lived there ____.

2.The flowers grow more beautiful than ____.

3.The couple lived a hard life ____.

ANSWER: 1.ever since 2.ever before 3.ever after

except/butλ二者意思均为:除……之外。except强调所除外的人(或事物);而but 则将重点置于其他人(或事物)。?

如:We all passed the exam except Tom.除了汤姆没及格外,我们都及格了。(汤姆一人不及格)

Nobody knew her name but me.除我以外,没有人知道他的名字。(强调除“我”知道外,其他人都不知道)

except前常有all,any,every,no及其复合词等;but也常与no,nobody,nothing,all,anywhere等词连用。二者后都可接名词、代词、动词的ing形式和原形动词,可以互换;但except后还可跟副词、介词短语等,此时,不能用but来代替。?

如:He answered all the questions except/but the last one.除最后一个问题没答外,其余问题他都答了。

He has always been in high spirits except recently.除近来外,他总是精神饱满。(except 后跟副词)

The window is never opened except in summer.除夏季外,这扇窗户从来不开。(except 后跟介词短语)

except,but用于否定句时,可以互换。?

如:There aren't any other people to be considered except/but you.除你之外,其他人将不予考虑。

G

gather round; gather in;λ gather up; gather from

gather round表示“聚集在……周围”、“聚集在一起”。?

gather? in表示“收获 庄稼 ”。

gather up表示“收拾起来”、“抱起来”。?

gather? from表示“从……推测”、“从……推想”,后面与that-clause连用。

[练]

①I ____her letter that she is very happy now.

②The students in our class ____Mr Wang.

③You'd better ____your books and put them away.

④The farmers ____the wheat now.

⑤All the workers ____him and asked him what was wrong with him at all. (Key: ①gather from ②gathered round ③gather up ④are gathering in ⑤gathered round)

get away (from); run away (from);escape (from);fleeλ get away from及run

away? escape指安全地“逃走或跑掉”,强调结果;?(from)这几个词均可表示“逃”,但含义有别: flee强调“逃”这一动作急促或迅速,不强调结果。选用时根据上下文的含义来定。如:?from表示“逃”的动作或行为,含有动作快速而敏捷之意,多用于口语中;The bird has escaped from the cage.那只鸟逃出鸟笼了。He ran away/got away/escaped from the fire.他从火灾中逃出来了。He fled (from) the burning house.他从燃烧的房子中逃出。另外,表示“从某处抽身”,一般用get away from。如:I’m afraid she can’t get away from the? give? give up;give in;give out λmeeting.我恐怕她很难从会议中抽

身。 give?up指行为或努力受挫或别的原因而主动放弃,可用作及物动词,跟名词或v -ing作宾语;也可作不及物动词; give out意为“用完;耗尽;体力不支”,是不及物动词。例如:?in指不再坚持自己的行为或观点等,而按别人的要求去做,一般作不及物动词;

①The wind was strong and the waves were big,so he had to give up attempting/his attempt to swim the channel.风急浪高,他只好放弃横渡海峡的打算。

②All the girls finished the race except two who gave up half way.

除有两个中途放弃外, 其它所有的姑娘都跑完了比赛的全程。

③As neither of the two sides would give in,the agreement fell through.

由于双方都不肯让步,所以没能达成协议。

④After a long journey,my strength gave out and couldn’t walk any farther.

走了很长的路,我已筋疲力尽,再也走不动了。

glance; stare; glareλ

这组动词都与“看”有关。glance意为“匆匆一瞥”,是不及物动词,其后必须接介词at, over 等才可以接宾语。如:?

1) He glanced at his watch.他匆匆看了一下手表。

2) She glanced down the list of names.她由上而下匆匆地看了一下名单。

stare意为“凝视”,它也是一个不及物动词,其后通常接介词at才能接宾语。如:?

She stared at him in surprise.她惊讶地瞪着他看。

He was staring out to the sea.他凝目眺望大海。

glare意为“怒视;瞪眼”,也是不及物动词,其后要接介词at后才能接宾语。如:?They stood glaring at each other.他们互相怒目而视地站着。

go on to do sth;go on doing sth.;go on with sth.λ go? go on to do sth.表示“接着做另一件事”,即接下去做与原来不同的一件事;?这三个短语都有继续做某事的意思,但在含义上有所不同。 go on with?on doing sth…表示“继续不停地做某事或间断后继续做原来没有做完的事”;sth.表示“间断后继续做原来没有做完的事”,其后一般接代词作宾语。通常情况下,go on doing sth.和go on with sth.可互换。例如:After they had read the text,the students went on to do the exercises.读完课文后,学生们继续做练习。The students went on talking and laughing all the way.一路上学生们一直有说有笑。After a rest,we went on with our lesson(=After a rest,we went on having our lesson.).休息以后,我们继续上课。

H

habit, practice, custom,λ convention这组名词一般含义为“习惯”。

habit指个人的“习惯”,通常用于表示做事、思考问题或行为举止的不自觉的方式方法?That proved to be my undoing, for I soon got back to my old bad habit of dozing off in front of the screen.

这证明是我的失败,因为我不久就回到在电视屏幕前打瞌睡的坏习惯去了。

practice?既可表示个人的也可表示社会的“习惯”,这种“习惯”从性质上看是一种反复不断的或是有选择性的行为或者方法

On the other hand, your stomach would turn at the idea of frying potatoes in animal fat——the normally accepted practice in many northern countries.

在另一方面,一想到用动物油煎马铃薯,你便会作呕。然而在许多北欧国家里,这是为大家接受的通常习惯。

She walked slowly into the hall and at once noticed that all the room doors were open,yet

following her general practice she had shut them before going out.

她慢慢地走进厅堂,并且立刻发现所有的房门都是开着的。但是按照她自己的一般习惯,她在外出前总是把门全部关好的。

custom 具有habit?和practice 的一切含义,此外,custom 还包含这样一层意思:长期而广泛采用的行为或方法,即风俗习惯,按照某地区人们共同生活及其行为的准则或规范,它不仅有指导意义,而且具有必须遵循的意义

Don't be a slave to custom. 不要做风俗习惯的奴隶。

From the moment of his birth the customs into which he is born shape his experience and behaviour.

一个人从诞生的那一时刻起,他降生后所处的风俗习惯便给他的阅历和行为定型。

convention?其实是其他3个词的近义词,它的含义为:固定的或公众一致承认的行事或表达思想的方法

They disregard social conventions without being conscious that they are doing anything extraordinary.

他们不顾社会习俗,并未意识到自己在做些与众不同的事。

hand down;hand in;hand over;handλ out ;by hand ;hands up

hand down作“把……传下来”解。例如:?

…knowledge,customs and memories were handed down by the elders of the race.……他们的知识,生活习惯以及人们所怀念的事情,都是由他们的祖先传下来的。

The story was handed down from one generation to another.这个故事世代相传。

hand in为“把……交上来” 、“交给”、“递交”之意。例如:?

Time is up.Hand in your examination papers.时间到了,请把试卷交上来。

hand? over作“转交”或“移送”解。例如:

Please hand over this money to XiaoZhou.请将这笔钱转交小周。

The thief was handed over to the police.小偷已被移送到公安机关了。

hand? out为“散发”之意。例如:

When I got to the classroom the teacher had already begun handing out the test papers.我赶到教室时,老师已开始分发试卷了。

by? hands up表示“举起手来”;? hand表示“用手”、“手工”,是介词短语,作方式状语。[EXERCISES]

①This toy was made .②After class,you must your homework.③If you have any questions to ask,please .(Keys:①by hand ②hand in ③hands up)

have sb.doλ have sb.do?sth.;have sb./sth.doing sth.;have sth.done sth.为“使(让、请)某人做某事”之意,其中作宾补的不带to的不定式只表示发生过某事。例如:The soldiers had the boy stand have sb./sth.doing?with his back to his father.士兵们让男孩背对着父亲站着。sth.为“让某人(某事)一直做某事”之意,其中作宾补的现在分词表示保持或一直存在的状态。例如:The two cheats had their lights burning all night long.两个骗子让灯整夜地亮着。Although the farm is large,my dad has only have sth.done 有两层含义和用法:?two men working for him.虽然农场大,但我爸爸只雇了两人为他(一直)干活。*其一,作“(有意地)让他人为自己做某事”解,即过去分词所表示的动作由别人完成,而宾语是过去分词所表示动作的承受者或动作对象。例如:I’ll have a new suit made of this cloth.我要用这种布料做一套新衣服。*作“(无意识地)

让某人(或某物)遭受不幸”解。例如:He had his handbag stolen.他的手提包被人偷了。

hear? hear of/hear from/hearλ hear?of表示“听人说起”、“听说过”,侧重于间接听说; hear表示“听见”、“听到”,后面接名词、代词或宾语从句。?from表示“收到……的来信”、“收到……的来电”,后面接指人的名词或代词;

[EXERCISES]

①I that our team won.②I my brother twice a month.③I her death last week.④Can you some birds singing?(Keys:①heard ②hear from ③heard of ④hear)

λ holiday(holidays),leave, vacation 这三个词都有“假日(期)”的意思,但含义用法并不相同。

holiday(holidays)一般指“休假”?

Tom and I are going to have a holiday. 我和汤姆准备去度假。

I've already had my holidays this year. 我今年已经度过假了。

During a holiday in Sweden, I found this note on my car.

在瑞典度假期间,我在我的车子上发现了这张字条。

Postcards always spoil my holidays. 明信片总是弄得我过不好假日。

My holidays passed quickly, but I did not send any cards to my friends.

我的假日过的很快,但是我一张明信片也没有寄给朋友。

注:have a (或one's)holiday 度假,during a holiday 在一次假期中。这种用法的holiday 总用单数形式,但并不只是“一天”假。复数形式的holidays 泛指“假日”,如summer holidays 暑假。但“Sunday is a holiday ”中的holiday 却是“一天”的假。

leave?指“请假”,被批准后离开自己的工作的一段时间

He stays at home on sick leave. 他请了病假呆在家里。

He asked for a six months' leave. 他请了6个月的假。

vacation 在英国指大学的寒暑假或法定不工作的日子,美国可指任何假日(期)?

The students are planning how to spend their summer vacation.

这些大学生在计划着怎样过暑假。

Mr. Fuller is on vacation now. 费勒先生在度假。

honour homageλ都含“尊敬”、“敬意”的意思。?reverence deference

honour?指“普遍承认或钦佩某人的人格、事迹等因而受到的尊敬”, 如:

in hono(u)r of the martyred dead 向死难烈士致敬。

homage 指“以诚恳恭敬的态度表示敬意” 如:?

They bowed in homage to the Unknown Soldiers. 他们向无名烈士墓鞠躬致敬。

reverence指“崇敬”, 如?

He held her in reverence. 他崇敬她。

deference指“听从长者、上司、或值得尊重的人表现出的尊敬”, 如:?

Do you treat your parents and teachers with deference? 你对父母师长尊敬吗?

λ hurt为普通用语,既可指肉体上的伤害(可被badly, slightly,? hurt; injure; wound; cut

seriously等修饰),也可指精神上、感情上的伤害(被very much/rather/deeply修饰),多指伤痛。如:

I hurt my leg badly in the football match.在那场足球赛中,我的腿受了重伤。

He felt rather hurt at your words.你的话使他很难过。

injure比hurt正式,主要指意外事故中损害健康、容貌等,强调功能的损失。如:?

A bullet injured his left eye.一颗子弹伤了他的左眼。

wound指枪伤、刀伤、刺伤等皮肉之伤,是出血的、严重的伤,尤其指用武器有意造成的伤口、伤疤或战场上受伤。也可指人们精神上的创伤。如:?

The thief wounded him with a knife.那小偷用刀刺伤了他。

You have wounded his pride.你伤害了他的自尊心。

cut指无意中造成的轻伤。如:?

How did you get that cut on your hand﹖你手上的伤口是怎么弄的?

I

identical,alike,resembleλ alike ? identical adj.指同一个人或物时,表示“同一的”,可以与same互换。在描写两个或两个以上人或物时,表示“完全一样的”。

? resemble v.指看起来象。? adj.常作表语,表示在外表、性格或品质等方面几乎相同。

A.After the earthquake the city ___a battle field.

B.The interests of both parties mayn ot be ____,but they do overlap considerably.C.You and your father don’t look ve ry much ____.

D.This gun is ____to the one which the murderer used.

Answers: A. resembled B. identical C. alike D. identical

illness;sickness;disease三者均有“病或疾病”之意。λ

disease?具体指身体上发生的任何不适或疾病,可引申为某种“弊端”,如:heart disease “心脏病”;disease of society“社会弊端”等。

sickness 和illness 可指任何疾病或不适。但在英国,用法有些区别:sickness?多用来指恶心、呕吐之类的疾病及因某种外因引出的疾病;

illness主要用于因人体内部的虚弱或失调引起的疾病。在时间上,短时的病痛多用?sickness,较长时间的病痛多用illness。例如:

He suffered from mountain sickness.他患有高山病。

The child has suffered from illness for two years.这孩子已经病了两年了。

Rough seas caused much sickness among the passengers. 汹涌的海浪使许多乘客感到恶心。

λincrease(decrease)…by;increase(decrease)…to 与increase,decrease搭配时,by 表示数量增加或减少的幅度,即在原有的基础上“增加或减少了多少”;to则表示“增加或减少到多少”。试比较:?

The production cost of these trucks has decreased by one third compared to last year.

与去年相比,这些卡车的生产成本降低了三分之一。

The population of India has increased to one billion.印度的人口已经增加到了十亿。

in? in all; at all; after all λ all意为“总共”,既可放在句首,也可放在句末。如:

There are 25,000 Inuit in all.(=In all, there are 25,000 Inuit.) 这儿共有25,000

因努伊特人。

after? all意为“毕竟”。表示“和预期相反”常放在句末;用来提醒不要忘记某个重要的结论或理由,一般放在句首。后者也可译为“要记住,别忘了”。如:

I thought he was going to help us, but he didn’t after all.我以为他会帮助我们的,但他终究没有帮我们。

After all your birthday is only two weeks away.别忘了,再过两周就是你的生日了。

at? all用在否定句或本身带不肯定意义的肯定句中,以加强语气,意为“根本;竟然”。如:I don’t agree with you at all.我根本不同意你的意见。

I was surprised at his coming at all.我很奇怪,他竟然来了。(本来我以为他不会来的。)

in the morning;on the morning ofλ

按英语的习惯用法,in the morning(afternoon/evening)表示“在早上(下午)晚上”之意,而on the morning(afternoon/evening)of则表示“在某个具体的一天的早上(下午/晚上)”之意,试比较:

1)He often reads English and Chinese in the morning.他常在早上朗读英语和语文。2)At 5∶13 on the morning of April 18th,1906,the city of San Francisco was shaken by a terrible earthquake.

1906年4月18日早晨5点13分,旧金山市发生了一次可怕的地震。

in the way;inλ in the way 意为“挡道;妨碍(某人)”。如:?a way;in no way;on the way

Tell the boy not to stand in the way.叫那个男孩别挡道碍事。

in a way?意为“用某种方法(做某事)”。名词way前面常有形容词或this/that修饰。如:

He worked out the problem in a simple way.他用简单的方法算出了这道题。

In this way over several days the artist and his mouse became good friends.

就这样一连过了好几天,艺术家和他的老鼠成了好朋友。

注意:如果in a way单独使用,way前不加任何修饰语,意为“在某种程度上;在某些方面(某一点上)”。如:The article is well written in a in no way 意为“决不;一点也不”,常用来加强语气。如:?way.从某种程度上来说,这篇文章写得不错。

They are in no way similar to each other.他们毫无相似之处。

on the way?意为“在途中”,其后常接to,表示“在去某地或做某事的路上”。如:

He lost his ticket on the way to the cinema.他在去电影院的路上把票弄丢了。

J

just/just now 它们都有“刚”的意思,都与时间有关。λ just表示“刚,刚刚”。多与完成时态连用。?

如:I've just borrowed a picture-book.我刚借了一本图画书。

just now表示“刚才”,强调过去的动作,所以与一般过去时态连用。?

如:She ate a big apple jus tnow.她刚才吃了一个大苹果。

K

knock…into;knock into;knockλ down;knock at/on

knock…into…意为“把……插/撞/敲/打入……中”。如:?

Then they knocked a stick into the earth.然后他们把木棒插入泥土中。

knock? into意为“撞在……上”。into是介词,只能位于其宾语前。如:

高考英语真题词义辨析(优选.)

最新文件---------------- 仅供参考--------------------已改成-----------word文本 --------------------- 方便更改 高考英语真题词义辨析 1.What was so ______ about Jasmine Westland’s victory was that she came first in the marathon bare-footed. A. awful B. essential C. impressive D. obvious 2.The old rules have to be ______ because they only applied to the circumstances that existed when they were made a hundred years ago. A. developed B. established C. observed D. revised 3.My good performance in the job interview left me about my future and about what I can do here. A. puzzled B. sensitive C. optimistic D. embarrassed 4.In an attempt to save money, some housewives like to go from shop to shop to search for real _______. A comments B. champions C. bargains D. traditions 5.Her ______ for writing was a desire for women to get the right to higher education. A. motivation B. qualification C. talent D. technique 6.Hardly had Sabrina finished her words when Albert said ______, “Don’t be so mean,” po inting a finger of warning at her. A. dreadfully B. guiltily C. indirectly D. sharply 7.Instead of blaming the child who had broken the vase, she gave him a ______ smile and let him go. A. cautious B. grateful C. tolerant D. wild 8.Legend has it that the origin of the Dragon Boat Festival is to the soul of Qu Yuan. A. remember B. remind C. recover D. recall 9.Top graduates from universities are ______ by major companies. A. chased B. registered C. offered D. compensate

高考英语高频词汇归纳

高考核心词汇汇总 高中英语熟词新义总结 最佳方法:平时的积累。只有积累了一定的“熟词新义”后,才能形成一定的语感,才会在具体的 语境中快速捕捉单词的准确含义。所以有必要对高中教材中的词汇进行梳理,做到查漏补缺,加强记忆,然后在阅读中去体会,从而力求消化。 一、 accept 接受,认可(Vt.);同意,承认(vi.) adapt 使适应;改编 add 增加,添加(Vt.);加起来,增添 (vi.);补充说(Vt.) amount 数量(n.);等于,共计(vi.,与to 连用) argue 争论,辩论(vi.);主张,说理,说服(Vt.) award 奖,奖品(n.);授奖,给予……金钱(v.) boom 发出隆隆声;(国家地区或行业的) 繁荣,迅速发展 burn 焚烧,烧焦;发出怪味,点(灯) compare 比较,比作(Vt.);比得上,与…匹敌(vi.) consider 考虑;认为;照顾到,考虑到(独立主格结构considering sth. 或sth. considered) depend 依靠,依赖;视情况而定 desire 希望, 期望; 请求, 要求(从句用should 型虚拟语气) equal 等于;比得上,匹敌(Vt.) equip 装配;配备(知识/ 信息/ 事实等) handle 门把手(n. ); 操作,处理(v.) hunt 打猎;猎取;搜寻(vi.) include 包括;计算在内(与in 连用) introduce 介绍;引进;提出;出台(政策/法规等) measure 测量;为……量尺寸;判断,权衡, 衡量(有measure sb. / sth against sb. / sth 搭配) owe 欠(钱/ 债务等);归功于,感激;幸亏 于,由于(owing to 的固定形式) perform 表演;(成功地)表现;完成,执行, 进行(尤其指复杂的活动);有……的用途 press 按,压,印;逼迫,迫使(press sb. to do sth.) process 制作,加工(食品);处理(文件/ 数据等);冲洗(照片) pronounce 发音;宣告,断言,宣布(官方意见或决定) publish 出版,发行;发表,刊登;(在报纸或墙壁上)公布,公开 raise 提高;举起;饲养,喂养;唤起(意识);使……产生(情感或反应);筹款 satisfy 使……满意; 满足(要求或欲望等);使……相信(与of 连用) share 分享,分担;均分,分配;有……共同的特征 shoulder 肩膀(n.);肩负,承当(责任或负担)(v.) spread 传播(消息/ 信息等);散布(流言); 涂抹(奶油等);(疾病)传播,蔓延;伸展(四肢);展开(翅膀) strike 击打;(时针)敲响;摩擦;罢工;达成(协议或交易);(灾难)突然袭击(vt.);突然产生(想法或主意)(vi.) succeed 取得成功;(学业或事业等)表现出色,有作为(vi.);接替,继承(vt.) tie 系;扎(Vt.);与……打成平局(搭配tie with sb.) touch 接触;感动

高考英语常用词汇汇总

高考英语常用词汇汇总 1. a big headache令人头痛的事情 2. a fraction of 一部分 3. a matter of concern 焦点 4. a series of 一系列,一连串above all 首先,尤其是 5. absent from不在,缺席 6. abundant in富于 7. account for 解释 8. accuse sb. of sth.控告 9. add to增加(add up to) 10. after all 毕竟,究竟 11. agree with同意 12. ahead of time / schedule提前 13. ahead of 在...之前(ahead of time 提前) 14. alien to与...相反 15. all at once 突然,同时 16. all but 几乎;除了...都 17. all of a sudden 突然 18. all over again 再一次,重新 19. all over 遍及 20. all right 令人满意的;可以 21. all the same 仍然,照样的

22. all the time 一直,始终 23. angry with sb. at/about sth.生气,愤怒 24. anxious about/for忧虑,担心 25. anything but 根本不 26. apart from 除...外(有/无) 27. appeal to 吸引,申诉,请求 28. applicable to适用于 29. apply to适用 30. appropriate for/to适当,合适 31. approximate to近似,接近 32. apt at聪明,善于 33. apt to易于 34. around the clock夜以继日 35. as a matter of fact 实际上 36. as a result(of) 因此,由于 37. as a rule 通常,照例 38. as far as ...be concerned 就...而言 39. as far as 远至,到...程度 40. as follows 如下 41. as for 至于,关于 42. as good as 和...几乎一样 43. as if 好像,防腐 44. as regards 关于,至于

高考必背英语词汇辨析

高考必背英语词汇辨析-B字头 1、base与basis 这两个词在作名词时可表示"基础;基地",但其意义是不同的。base用来指某物体的具体"基础"或底部的"支柱"。 例如: We camped at the base of the mountain.我们在山脚下扎营。 Our company's base is in New York , but we have extended many branches all around the world.我们公司的总部设在纽约,但是分公司遍及全世界。 而basis则用来表示抽象意义上的"基础",常用于比喻句。 What's the basis of your opinion?你的意见的根据是什么? We are willing to develop economic relations with all countries on the basis of mutual benefits.我们愿意在互利互惠的原则下同各国发展经济关系。 2、be about to 这个短语与"be to do","be going to do"两个短语都可用来表示"将要做某事,但含义和用法有所不同。be about to 从时间上来讲,等于be just going to do,意思是"即将,马上就要去做"。因此,在由这个短语构成的句子中,一般不可再加上表示时间的状语(如at once, next) 例如: I am about to leave for Shanghai.我将要去上海。 be to do主要表示安排或计划要在将来做的事情,它还可以表示命令等语气,相当于should, must 等。它可以同将来的时间状语连用。 例如: The US President Bill Clinton is to visit Japan next week.美国总统比尔?克林顿将于下周访日。The letter is to be handed to him in person.这封信必须面交他本人。 be going to do 一般可以和be to do 换用,它在通常情况下表示计划,安排或准备去做某事的意向,但并不一定马上去做。它一般都与时间状语连用;此外,它还可以用来表示某种推断或可能性。 例如:What are you going to do for your holiday?假期有什么打算吗? It's going to rain soon, look at those black clouds.看那些乌云,快要下雨了。

高中英语名词经典习题(含答案)

高中英语名词经典习题(含答案) 一、单项选择名词 1.To be honest, she had a great ______ for the small town where she grew up. A.effect B.effort C.affection D.patience 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意:说实话,她对她长大的那个小镇有很深的感情。A. effect影响;B. effort努力;C. affection深情;D. patience耐心。短语have a great affection for sth. 意为“对某物钟爱,对某物有深挚的感情”。故选C。 2.An advantage of living on the top floor of a high rise building is that you can get a good _________. A.scene B.scenery C.sight D.view 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 考查名词辨析。句意:住在高楼大厦顶层的优点是你能看很好地欣赏风景。A. scene 情景B. scenery景色 C. sight 景象 D. view风景。view“风景”普遍用语,指从某个角度所看到的风景。根据句意,故D选项正确。 【点睛】 Scene:1. 某地的景色、风景,指展现在眼前的情景,也可以指scenery的一部分 3.Only when women are enabled to become strong will our families, our economies, and our societies reach their fullest . A.distinction B.innovation C.potential D.appreciation 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考查名词。A. distinction区别; B. innovation创新; C. potential潜能; D. appreciation 欣赏。句意:只有当妇女能够变得强大时,我们的家庭、经济和社会才能充分发挥其潜力。结合句意可知答案为C。 4.The girl received no approval of his family as her marriage with an African boy was regarded as a ____ from tradition. A.violation B.departure

2019高考英语高频词汇全

2019高考英语高频词汇全

2019高考英语高频词汇 1.alter v. 改变,改动,变更 2.burst vi./n. 突然发生,爆裂 3.dispose vi. 除掉;处置;解决;处理(of) 4.blast n. 爆炸;气流vi. 炸,炸掉 5.consume v. 消耗,耗尽 6.split v. 劈开;割裂;分裂a.裂开的 7.spit v. 吐(唾液等);唾弃 8.spill v. 溢出,溅出,倒出 9.slip v. 滑动,滑落;忽略 10.slide v. 滑动,滑落n. 滑动;滑面;幻灯片 11.bacteria n. 细菌 12.breed n. 种,品种v. 繁殖,产仔 13.budget n. 预算v. 编预算,作安排 14.candidate n. 候选人 15.campus n. 校园 16.liberal a. 慷慨的;丰富的;自由的 17.transform v. 转变,变革;变换 18.transmit v. 传播,播送;传递 19.transplant v. 移植 20.transport vt. 运输,运送n. 运输,运输工具21.shift v. 转移;转动;转变 22.vary v. 变化,改变;使多样化 23.vanish vi. 消灭,不见24.swallow v. 吞下,咽下n. 燕子 25.suspicion n. 怀疑,疑心 26.suspicious a. 怀疑的,可疑的 https://www.doczj.com/doc/146343034.html,d a. 温暖的,暖和的;温柔的,味淡的 28.tender a. 温柔的;脆弱的 29.nuisance n. 损害,妨害,讨厌(的人或事物)30.insignificant a. 无意义的,无足轻重的;无价值的 31.accelerate vt. 加速,促进 32.absolute a. 绝对的,无条件的;完全的 33.boundary n. 分界线,边界 34.brake n. 刹车,制动器v. 刹住(车) 35.catalog n. 目录(册)v. 编目 36.vague a. 模糊的,不明确的 37.vain n. 徒劳,白费 38.extinct a. 绝灭的,熄灭的 39.extraordinary a. 不平常的,特别的,非凡的40.extreme a. 极度的,极端的n. 极端,过分41.agent n. 代理人,代理商;动因,原因 42.alcohol n. 含酒精的

往年高考英语词汇辨析固定搭配归纳

2012高考英语常用词汇辨析 ◆wash/wash away◇wash表示“洗(手、衣服等)”,既可作及物动词,又 可作不及物动词;◇wash away表示“冲走”、“冲垮”、“洗掉”,作及物动词短语用。 [EXERCISES] ①The flood some of the houses in the village.②He his face and hands,then went downstairs.③You must before dinner.(Keys: ①washed away ②washed ③wash) ◆wear;have on;put on;dress;(be)in+颜色(服装、眼镜等) ◇wear主要用于穿衣服、戴眼镜(手套、首饰、帽)等,以强调“穿(戴) 着”的状态。例如: Mr Wu always wears a blue coat in winter.吴老师冬天总是穿着一件蓝色大衣。 ◇have on作“穿(戴)着”解,同wear一样,也表状态,但不用于进行时态。例如: Xiao Wang has on a white shirt today.(=Xiao Wang is wearing a white shirt today.)小王今天穿着一件白衬衫。 ◇put on着重强调“穿(戴)上”的动作。例如: I like to put on my hat when I go out in winter.冬天,我喜欢外出时戴上帽子。 ◇dress既可作及物动词,又可作不及物动词,所接宾语是人而不是衣、帽等 物。例如: 1)Her mother is dressing her.她母亲正在给她穿衣服。 2)The nurses are dressed in white.护士穿着白衣服。 ◇“(be)in+颜色或服装、眼镜等”也表示“穿着”的状态,在句中作 表语或定语。例如: He is in uniform today.他今天穿着制服。 ◆work on/work at ◇work on表示“从事”、“创作”、“进行”,后面接名词、

高考英语语法复习 动词词义辨析

高考英语语法复习动词词义辨析 动词是是各类考试的重点,高考试题中,单项填空、完形填空和改错等三项题型中,动词辨义的比重较大,并逐年增加。动词辨义主要指:1、形状相同的动词之间辨义。如:lie, lay; hanged, hung; rise, raise; sit, seat等。2、意义相近的动词之间辨义。如:borrow, lend; speak, say, talk; hope, wish等。3、动词与其它词形相近、意义相似的词的辨义。如:advise, advice; cost, worth; pass, past 等。4、意义不同,但容易混淆的动词的辨义。如:explain, say; discover, invent, uncover; find, find out等。5、某些常用动词的习惯用法的辨义。如:ask, give, call, make, find, get, keep, want, see, hear等。6、某些常用动词短语的辨义。如:give in, give up, turn on, turn off, turn down, turn up等。 (一)易混动词 1 2、rise和raise:rise是不及物动词,其过去式是rose,过去分词是risen,而raise是及物动词,是规则动词。 3、hear与listen to:hear侧重点是听到,听见什么,而listen to是侧重于听的倾向,但hear用于无意中的听见,而listen to却用于集中注意力的听。 4、see, watch和look:see用作看电影,剧目;watch则用作看电视比赛,而watch还有在旁观看之意。如:Are you going to play or only watch?;look一般用作不及物动词,只是当盯着某人看时用作及物动词,如:The little boy looked me in the face.(小男孩直盯着我的脸。) 5、wind和wound:wind意为蜿蜒而行,其过去式与过去分词都是wound,而动词原形wound 意为伤害,其过去式、过去分词都是wounded。 6、hang的用法:hang有两个意思:一为悬挂,是不规则动词,过去式、过去分词都是hung;二为绞刑,是规则动词,其过去式、过去分词都是hanged。 7、hear的过去分词born与borne:bear作为出生讲有两个过去分词born,borne。只有当be+born…短语后没有by介词短语时,才可用born。如:He was born in Shanghai. 而作它用时要用borne。如:She has borne five children. 但如果作忍受讲,则一律用borne。 8、sit与seat:seat为及物动词时是作容纳讲,sit只是表示一动作。seat如果表示就座时要用be seated。如:They were seated at their desks. 或用seat oneself, 比如:I seated myself in the armchair. 9、borrow, lend与keep:借入英文中用borrow,借出用lend,但这两个词都是截止性动词或瞬间动词,不能用于长时间的动作,所以我能借多久应用keep。 10、win与beat:win作胜、赢讲时其后应接,a game, an argument, a battle, a prize, a contest, a race, a bet,但不能接人,如果接人则有另外的含意。如:I have won him. 即我已说服他了,我赢得他的好感。而beat是及物动词为击败、胜过讲,直接接人、队。 11、steal与rob:steal为偷。rob为抢,其用法不同。steal其后接物+from+某人、某地,而rob 其后接人+of+抢的物品。 12、fit与suit:fit与suit均可作合适讲,但英文中却用在不同的地方。如fit用于尺寸大小的合适,而suit则多用于颜色式样的合适。 13、take, bring 与fetch:英文中拿三个词,即拿来,拿去,去取然后回来(即双程)。所以拿来,带来是bring,拿去带走是take,而去取回来是fetch。 14、shut与close:shut与close有时是可以互换的,但有些地方则不可这样做。如:在正式场合多用close,而在命令,态度粗暴的场合则用shut。如:Shut your mouth!(闭嘴);又如:Shut up. 在指铁路、公路交通关闭或停止使用的场合,则要用close。 15、answer与reply:作为回答讲answer是及物动词,如作不及物动词,则意义不同,如answer for,意为向某人或向某事负责。而reply作回答讲是不及物动词,后跟宾语时,要加上to。

高考英语阅读高频词汇(最新版)

高考英语阅读高频词汇690个 1.alter v. 改变,改动,变更 2.burst vi./n. 突然发生,爆裂 3.dispose vi. 除掉;处置;解决;处理(of) 4.blast n. 爆炸;气流vi. 炸,炸掉 5.consume v. 消耗,耗尽 6.split v. 劈开;割裂;分裂a.裂开的 7.spit v. 吐(唾液等);唾弃 8.spill v. 溢出,溅出,倒出 9.slip v. 滑动,滑落;忽略 10.slide v. 滑动,滑落n. 滑动;滑面;幻灯片 11.bacteria n. 细菌 12.breed n. 种,品种v. 繁殖,产仔 13.budget n. 预算v. 编预算,作安排 14.candidate n. 候选人 15.campus n. 校园 16.liberal a. 慷慨的;丰富的;自由的 17.transform v. 转变,变革;变换 18.transmit v. 传播,播送;传递 19.transplant v. 移植 20.transport vt. 运输,运送n. 运输,运输工具 21.shift v. 转移;转动;转变 22.vary v. 变化,改变;使多样化 23.vanish vi. 消灭,不见 24.swallow v. 吞下,咽下n. 燕子 25.suspicion n. 怀疑,疑心 26.suspicious a. 怀疑的,可疑的 https://www.doczj.com/doc/146343034.html,d a. 温暖的,暖和的;温柔的,味淡的 28.tender a. 温柔的;脆弱的 29.nuisance n. 损害,妨害,讨厌(的人或事物) 30.insignificant a. 无意义的,无足轻重的;无价值的 31.accelerate vt. 加速,促进 32.absolute a. 绝对的,无条件的;完全的 33.boundary n. 分界线,边界 34.brake n. 刹车,制动器v. 刹住(车) 35.catalog n. 目录(册)v. 编目 36.vague a. 模糊的,不明确的 37.vain n. 徒劳,白费 38.extinct a. 绝灭的,熄灭的 39.extraordinary a. 不平常的,特别的,非凡的 40.extreme a. 极度的,极端的n. 极端,过分 41.agent n. 代理人,代理商;动因,原因 42.alcohol n. 含酒精的饮料,酒精 43.appeal n./vi. 呼吁,恳求 44.appreciate vt. 重视,赏识,欣赏 45.approve v. 赞成,同意,批准

高考英语高频词汇(整理)

高考英语高频词汇 1. accide nt n.事故意外的事 2. adve nture n.冒险;奇遇 3. advertiseme nt n.广告 4. ambula nee n.救护车 5. an xious a.忧虑的,焦急的 6. apologize vi.道歉谢罪 7. appeara nee n.出现,露面;容貌 8. appo in tme nt n.约会 9. appreciate v.欣赏;感激 10. audie nee n.观众所众 11. average a.平均的;普通的n.平均数 12.baggage n.行李 13. bamboo n.竹 14. beard n.(下巴上的)胡须 15. behaviour n.行为,举止 16. blame n.& v.责备;责怪 17. bleed vi.出血,流血 18. telepho ne booth 电话亭 19. boring a.乏味的,无聊的 20. breathe vi.呼吸 21. broadcast (broadcast, broadcast) vt. 广播 22. bus in essma n n.商人;企业家 23. camera n.照相机;摄像机 24. can dle n.蜡烛 25. carrot n.胡萝卜 26. ceili ng n.天花板,顶棚 27. celebrate v.庆祝 28. cen tigrade a. 摄氏的 29. cen tury n.世纪百年 30. certificate n.证明证明书 31. chain store(s)连锁店 32.cheek n.面颊,脸蛋 33. chemistry n.化学 34. circle n .圆圈vt.将……圈起来35. classical a.传统的;古典的 36. climate n.气候 37. clinic n.诊所 38. college n.学院;专科学校 39. comfortable a.舒服的;安逸的;舒服自在的 40. comme nt n.评论 41. com mun icate v.交际;传达(感情 ,信息等) 42. compare vt.比较对照 43. compositi on n.作文;作曲 44. con ceited a.骄傲自满的 45. con diti on n.条件狀况 46. conference n.(正式的)会议;讨论 47. con gratulate vt.祝贺 48. content a.甘愿的,满意的n.内容 49. convenient a.便利的,方便的 50. coun ter n.柜台,结账 51. coun tryside n.乡下,农村 52. cous in n堂(表)兄弟 ,堂(表)姐妹 53. crazy a. 疯狂的 54. crowded a.拥挤的 55. curious a ■好奇的;奇异的 56. daily a. 每日的;日常的ad.每天n.日报 57. damage n.& vt.毁坏,损害 58. damp a. & n.潮湿(的) 59. dan gerous a.危险的 60. daughter n.女儿 61. daw n n.黎明,拂晓 62. deadli ne n.最后期限,截止日期 63. December n. 12 月 64. delicious a.美味的,可口的 65. deliver vt.投递(信件,邮包等) 66. den tist n.牙科医生 67. describe vt.描写,叙述 68. destroy vt.破坏,毁坏 69. determ ine vt.决定;决心

2008高考必背英语词汇辨析-A字头

2008高考必背英语词汇辨析-A字头 1. above all 表示“最重要的是;尤其”的意思。 例如: The local government faces many tough problems, and above all, pollution problem.当地政府面临许多问题,但首当其冲的是污染问题。 A capable candidate should be outstanding in many ways, and above all, confidence.一个称职的竞选者应在许多方面表现突出,但最重要的是自信心。 2. according to according to是一个短语介词,意思是“按照或根据”。 例如: He will be punished according to the seriousness of his crime.他所受的惩罚要根据其犯罪的严重程度而定。 I will take the medicine according to the instruction.我会按说明来服药的。 我们又常常会碰到"according as"这一短语,那么这两者又有何联系呢?according as 是短语从属连词,后接从句。作“根据……而”或“视……而定”解。例如:You will be praised or blamed according as your work is well done or not.根据你的工作表现好坏,将给予奖励或惩罚。 3. account for 这个词的意思比较多,归纳起来,有以下用法: 1). 解释,说明。例如:She was unable to account for '5000.她无法解释那5000美元的去处。 2). 是……产生的原因,解释为什么有(某种情况)。例如:The police tried to account for the blood spot.警察试图解释这血迹是怎么来的。 3). 占。例如:Students account for 50% of our customers. 在我们的顾客中,学生占了一半。The tuition accounts for two thirds of his income. 学费占了他三分之一的收入。 4. act out 表示表演出来比划着(用手势及语言表演或表达)”的意思。 例如: The children were told to act out their favorite story.孩子们被要求表演他们最喜爱的故事。

高三英语词义辨析和练习

高三英语词义辨析和练习 afford 熟义:v 买得起;支付得起 例句:I couldn’t afford the rent on my own. 我单靠自己付不起房租。 生义:v 抽得出(时间) 例句:She couldn’t afford the time off work to see him. 她工作太忙,抽不出时间去看他。 against 熟义:prep 反对 例句:Are you for or against my proposal? 你赞成还是反对我的提议? 生义:prep 以……为背景;以防 例句:His red clothes stood out clearly against the snow. 他的红色衣服在白雪中格外显眼。 We are insured the car against fire, theft and accident. 我们替车买了火险、盗窃险和交通意外险。 air 熟义:n 空气 例句:Let’s go out for some fresh air. 咱们出去呼吸点新鲜

空气。 生义:v 公开发表(看法) 例句:Staff will get a chance to ask questions and air their views. 员工将有机会提问并发表意见。 business 熟义:n 商业;买卖;生意 例句:She works in the computer business. 她从事电脑业。生义:n 职责 例句:It is the business of the police to protect the community. 警察的职责是保护社会。 coin 熟义:n 硬币 例句:a ten-cent coin 面值十分的硬币 生义:v 创造(新词语) 例句:Jaron Lanier coined the term “virtual reality”and pioneered its early development. 加隆·雷尼尔首创“虚拟现实”一词,并率先进行早期开发。 collect 熟义:v 收集;收藏

2019届高考英语常用词汇辨析

2019届高考英语常用词汇辨析 高考英语常用词汇辨析500例a about around round 作副词时都含“四处”、“遍地”的意思。 about 系常用词, 如:look about 四处看。 around 具有 about 的基本意思, 因此 look about=look around, 但在下列短语里 around没有 about正式, 如:travel around 各处旅行 round 和 around在非正式用法中可以互换, 但一般用 round时 更简练。在正式用语中, 一般用 round指“旋转”, 而用 around指“处处”, “到处”, 如:she turned round at such a noise. 听到这样的吵声, 她回头看。i have been looking for it all around. 我到处都找过了。 另外, 英国人用 round的地方, 美国人倾向于用 around, 如:[英] winter comes round.[美] winter comes around. above all;after all;at all  above all意为“尤其是”、“首先”、“最重要的是”,常位于句首或句中,作插入语,起强调作用。如: but above all tell me quickly what i have to do.可首先快些告诉我该做什么。 a clock must above all keeps good time.时钟最重要的是必须走得准。  after all意为“毕竟”、“终究”、“终归”、“到底”,在句中位置较灵活。可位于句首、句中或句末。如:after all,your birthday is only two weeks away.毕竟,两周后就是你的生日。 he is,after all,a small child.他毕竟还是个小孩子。 he failed after all.他终于失败了。  at all用于否定句时,意为“丝毫; 根本”,用于疑问句时意为“究竟;到底”,用于条件句时,常译为“当真;实在”。用于肯定句中,表示说话人的某种情绪或情感(如怀疑或惊奇等),意为“竟然”等。如:he doesn’t like you at all.他根本不喜欢你。 are you going to do it at all?你究竟做不做这件事? if you do it at all,do it well.若你真要做这件事,就得做好。 i was surprised at his coming at all.他竟然来了,我很惊讶。 add; add to; add…to; add up to  add作“加,增加”解时,既可作及物动词,又可用作不及物动词;作“又说,补充说”解时,与直接或间接引语连用。如: if the tea is too strong, add some more hot water.如果茶太浓了,再加点开水。 after a short while, he

全国高考英语总复习:英语知识运用_词义辨析专练(含解析)

全国高考英语总复习英语知识运用专练:词义辨析 1.(2012·高考辽宁卷)The Well Hotel stands in a quiet place ________ the main road at the far end of the lake. A.to B.for C.off D.out 2.(2012·高考大纲卷)100℃ is the temperature ________ which water will boil. A.for B.at C.on D.of 3.(2012·高考大纲卷)The Harry Potter books are quite popular;they are in great ________ in this city. A.quantity B.progress C.production D.demand 4.(2012·高考天津卷)You are working too hard. You’d better keep a ________ between work and relaxation. A.promise B.lead C.balance D.diary 5.(2012·高考福建卷)—Why do you choose to work in an international travel agency? —Well, you know, English is my________. So it is my best choice. A.strength B.talent C.ability D.skill 6.(2012·高考福建卷)China has been pushing the reform of public hospitals ________ all its citizens. A.in charge of B.for the purpose of C.in honor of D.for the benefit of 7.(2012·高考福建卷)Nothing is so easy as ________ parents to raise their expectations of their children too high. A.of B.to C.by D.for 8.(2012·高考浙江卷)________ all the animals I’ve ever had,these two dogs are the most sensitive to the spoken word. A.From B.Of C.For D.With 9.(2012·高考浙江卷)Your ________ as a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of reflecting on how you learn. A.operation B.growth C.performance D.character 10.(2012·高考浙江卷)Brown said he was by no means annoyed;________,he was glad to be able to make himself clearly understood. A.all in all B.for one thing C.on the contrary D.by the way 11.(2012·高考四川卷)He will come to understand your efforts sooner or later.It’s just a matter of ________. A.luck B.value C.time D.fact 12.(2012·高考江西卷)You’d better write down the phone number of that restaurant for future ________. A.purpose B.reference

高考英语高频词汇个

高考英语高频词汇500个 1.accelerate vt.加速,促进 2.acknowledge v.承认;致谢 3.abuse v.滥用,虐待;谩骂 4.acquire vt.取得,获得;学到 5.academic a.学术的;高等院校的;研究院 的 6.access n. / v. 通道,入径,存取(计 算机文件) 7.accessible a. 可到达的,可接受的,易相处 的) 8.alter v. 改变,改动,变更 9.alternative a.可供替代的,二中择一的 n 可供选择的事物 10.appeal n./vi. 呼吁,恳求 11.arrest v. 逮捕,拘留 12.associate v. 联想,联系 13.association n. 协会,社团,联系 14.assume v. 假定,假设 15.assumption n. 假定,假设 16.assess vt 评估,评价 n assessment 17.assist v/n 帮助,协助 18.arbitrary a.随意的,未断的 19.article [?ɑ?t?k(?)l] n.文章;东西,物品;冠 词 20.attach vt.系,贴;使附属 21.appetite n. 食欲,胃口 22.applaud v. 鼓掌,赞许,赞赏 n. applause 23.appoint v. 任命,委任,安排,确定(时 间,地点) 24.appropriate a 适当的 25.automatic a.自动的 26.bargain [?bɑ?ɡ?n] n. (经讨价还价后)成 交的商品;廉价货 v. 讨价还价 27.beneficial [ben??f??(?)l] a. 有利的,有帮 助的,有用的 28.benefit [?ben?f?t] n. / v.优势,益处,使…受 益 29.behalf [b??hɑ?f] n. 代表某人,为了某人 30.behave [b??he?v] v. 守规矩,行为 31.behaviour/ b?`he?vj?r / n. 行为,举止 32.betray [b??tre?] v.出卖,泄露(机密), 辜负 33.bitter [?b?t?(r)] a. 有苦味的;痛苦的, 难过的;严酷的 34.bill [b?l] n.账单;法案,议案;(美)钞 票,纸币 35.bomb [b?m] n. 炸弹 v. 轰炸 36.bless [bles] vt. 保佑,降福 37.bond [b?nd] n. /v. 纽带,联系,使牢固 38.bonus [?b??n?s] n. 津贴,奖金,红利 39.boom [bu?m] n. / v. 繁荣,轰鸣,激增 40.board [b??d] n. 木板;布告牌;委员会;部 v. 上(船、火车、飞机) 41.budget [?b?d??t] n. 预算 42.campaign n. 运动,战役 43.candidate [?k?nd?d?t; (US) ?k?nd?de?t] n. 候选人,申请人 44.casual [?k????l] a. 漫不经心的,不经意的, 非正式的 45.caution [?k???(?)n] n. 谨慎,小心,警告 46.cautious [?k????s] a. 小心的,谨慎的 47.challenge [?t??l?nd?] n.挑战(性) 48.challenging [?t??l?nd???] a.具有挑战性的 49.changeable [?t?e?nd??b(?)l] a.易变的,变化 无常的 50.character [?k?r?kt?(r)] n.(汉)字.字体品 格 51.characteristic [k?r?kt??r?st?k] a. 典型的, 独特的 52.charge [t?ɑ?d?] v. 要求收费;索价;将(电 池)充电 n. 费用;价钱 53.clarify [?kl?r?fa?] v. 澄清,阐明 54.classic [?kl?s?k] a. 一流的,典型的,有代 表性的 55.classical [?kl?s?k(?)l] a. 传统的;古典的 56.classify [?kl?s?fa?] v. 分类,归类 https://www.doczj.com/doc/146343034.html,pensate [?k?mpense?t] v. 补偿,弥补 https://www.doczj.com/doc/146343034.html,ment [?k?ment] n. 评论 https://www.doczj.com/doc/146343034.html,mit [k??m?t] v.犯(罪,错),自杀 https://www.doczj.com/doc/146343034.html,mitment [k??m?tm?nt]n. 承诺,允诺,承担 61.confirm [k?n?f??m] v. 证实,证明,确认 62.conservation [k?ns??ve??(?)n] n 保存;(自 然资源的)保护,管理 63.conservative [k?n?s??v?t?v] a. 保守的,守旧的;保守主义的;谨慎的 n.保守的人,保守主义 64.considerate [k?n?s?d?r?t] a. 体贴的 65.consistent [k?n?s?st(?)nt] a. 一致的,始 终如一的,连续的 66.contradict [k?ntr??d?kt]v. 反驳,驳斥,批 驳 67.contradictory [?k?ntr?'dikt?ri] a.相互矛 盾,对立的 68.constant [?k?nst?nt] a. 经常的,不断的 69.conversation [k?nv??se??(?)n] n. 谈话,交 谈 70.convenient [k?n?vi?n??nt]a. 便利的,方便的 71.conventional [k?n?ven??n(?)l] a. 依照惯例 的,习惯的 72.controversial [k?ntr??v???(?)l] a.引起争论 的,有争议的 73.convenient [k?n?vi?n??nt] a. 便利的,方便 的 74.conventional [k?n?ven??n(?)l]a. 依照惯例 的,习惯的 75.controversial [k?ntr??v???(?)l]a.引起争论 的,有争议的 76.convince [k?n?v?ns] v. 使确信,使信服 77.convey [k?n?ve?] v. 表达,传递(思想,感 情等) 78.correspond vi. 一致;与……相当;(与人) 通信,有书信往来 79.corrupt [k??r?pt] a. / v. 贪污的,腐败的, 使腐化,堕落 80.count [ka?nt] vt. 数,点数 vi 有关系,重 要 81.credit [?kred?t] n. 信用;信赖;信誉 82.crime [kra?m] n. (法律上的)罪,犯罪 83.criminal [?kr?m?n(?)l] n. 罪犯 84.curriculum [k??r?kj?l?mn.(学校的)全部课 程 85.deadline [?dedla?n] n.最后期限,截止日期 86.decade [?deke?d] n. 十年期 87.decline [d??kla?n] v. 减少,下降,衰退,谢 绝 88.decorate [?dek?re?t] vt.装饰…,修饰… 89.decoration n.装饰,修饰 90.declare [d??kle?(r)] vt. 声明;断言 91.defend [d??fend] vt. 防守;保卫 92.deliberately [d??l?b?r?tl?]ad.故意,蓄意, 存心 93.delicate [?del?k?t] a易损的,易碎的 94.delete [d??li?t] v. 删去 95.delighted [di'laitid] a. 高兴的,快乐的 96.delight [d??la?t] n. 快乐;乐事 97.deliver [d??l?v?(r)] vt. 投递(信件,邮 包等) n delivery 98.departure [d??pɑ?t??(r)] n. 离开,启程 99.describe [d??skra?b] vt. 描写,叙述 100.deserve [d??z??v] v.(不用于进行时态)应得,应受 101.desperate [?desp?r?t] a.(因绝望而)不 惜冒险的,不顾一切的,拼命的 102.dilemma [da??lem?] n. (进退两难的)窘境,困境 103.destination [dest??ne??(?)n] n.目的地,终 点 104.diploma [d??pl??m?]n.毕业文凭;学位证书 105. discourage [d??sk?r?d?] vt. (使)气馁;打消(做…的念头) 106.discount [?d?ska?nt] n. 折扣 107.disappoint [d?s??p??nt] vt. 使失望 108.disaster [d??zɑ?st?(r); (US) d?z??st?r] n. 灾难;祸患 109.disturbing [d??st??b??] a. 令人不安的,引 起恐慌的 110.distinction [d??st??k?(?)n] n.差别,区别,优秀,卓越 111.distinguish [d??st??ɡw??v. 区分,辨别,分清 112.distribute [d??str?bju?tv. 分发,分配 113.diverse [da??v??s] v. 不同的,多种多样,形形色色的 114.dispose vi. 除掉;处置;解决;处理(of) 115.ease [i?z] v. 减轻;缓解(难度或严重程度) 116.electricity [?lek?tr?s?t?]n. 电;电流 117.electronic [?lek?tr?n?k] a. 电子的 118.elegant [?el?ɡ?nt] a. 文雅的,漂亮的,精美的

相关主题
文本预览
相关文档 最新文档