一、句子成分
英语句子成分分析和句子结构分析（语法高手必备）
英语句子成分分析
（一）句子成分的定义：
构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。
句子成分有主要成分和次要成分（一般共九中成分）；
主要成分有主语和谓语； 次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语、同位语和插入语。
（二）主语： 主语 (Subject)
是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。（但在 there b e 结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中， 主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。）
主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、和主语从句等表示。例如：（请画出主语） Three plus two is five. It is a great pleasure to swim in the river Smoking does harm to the health. There are many students in my class. Are you a student? Here comes the bus.
He can do it and so can I. Who will attend the meeting has not been decided. （主语从句） （三）谓语谓语 (Predicate) 说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语 之后。谓语的构成如下：
1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如：
He practices running every morning. The plane took o ff at ten o ’clock. 2、复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。如：
You may k eep the book for two weeks. He has c aught a bad cold.
（2）由系动词加表语构成。如：We are s tudents.
谓语 体现时态和语态?时态
（与非谓语比较）
语态
现在时： 一般现在时: 现在进行时: 现在完成时: Is /am/are+---或does/do
Is/am/are+doing Has/have +done Has/have+been+doing
Is/am/are+ I s /a m /a r e +b e i n g
+
Has/have+been+
现在完成进行时:
过去时:
一般过去时: Was/were+---或did 过去进行时: Was/were+doing
过去完成时：Had+done
过去将来时：Would/should+do
Was/were+
Was/were+being+ Had+been+ Would/should+be+ done
将来时:
一般将来时:Shall/will+do Shall/will+be +
将来进行时:Sh a ll/will+b e+doing 将来完成时: S h a ll/will+h ave+don e -----------------------
Shall/will+have+been+
非谓语动 to do
to have done to be doing to be done
doing
having done done
being done
having been done
1. She found the door closed.
2. Having been told many times, he made the same mistake.
3. Given more time, we could do it much better.
4. Walking on the street, he came across his former teacher.
5. The meeting being held is very important.
6. A big fire broke out in a shop, causing 100 deaths. （四）表语
表语(Predicative)用以说明主语的性质、特征、状态与身份，它一般位于系动词（如 be, b ecome, g et, l ook, g row, turn, s eem 等）之后。
表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、数词、 副词、不定式、动词 ing 、介词短语及表语从句表示。例如： 1. The weather has turned cold . 2. The speech is （五）宾语
宾语（Object ）表示动作的对象或承受者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面。例如：（请画出宾语） 1. They went to see an exhibition yesterday.
2. The heavy rain prevented me from coming to school on time.
3. How many dictionaries do you have? I have five. 5. He pretended not to see me.
6. I enjoy listening to popular music.
7. I think （that ）he is fit for his office. （六）宾语补足语
英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直接宾语以外，还要有一个宾语补足语（Object Complement ），才能使句子 的意义完整。
带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：某些及物动词（如 make 等)+宾语+宾补）。 宾补可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句充当。例如：（请画出宾语补足语） 1. His father named him Dongming. 2. They painted their boat white. 3. Let the fresh air in. 4. You mustn ’t force him to lend his money to you. 5. We saw her entering the room. 6. We often hear the song sung by him. 7. We found everything in the lab in good order. 8. We will soon make our city what your city is now. （七）定语
修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语(Attribute)。定语可由以下等成分表示：（请画出定语） 1. Guilin is a beautiful city.
2. China is a developing country; America is a developed country.
3. There are thirty women teachers in our school.
4. His rapid progress in English made us surprised.
5. Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom .
6. He is reading an article about how to learn English .
7. Farmers who saw us stared at us as if we are walking skeletons. （八）状语
修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状态特征的句子成分，叫做状语（Adverbial ）。可由以下 形式表示 ：（请画出状语部分吧） 1. Light travels most quickly.
2. He has lived in the city for ten years.
3. He is proud to have passed the national college entrance examination.
4. He is in the room making a model plane.
5. Once you begin, you must continue.
9 种状语种类如下：
1. How about meeting again a t six ?
2. Last night she didn ’t go to the dance party because of the rain .
3. I shall go there i f it doesn ’t rain .
4. Mr Smith lives o n the third floor .
5. She put the eggs into the basket with great care . She came in w ith a dictionary in her hand .
6. In order to catch up with the others , I must work harder. In order that he can catch with the others
7. He was so tired t hat he fell asleep immediately .
8. She works very hard though she is old .
9. I am taller than he is .
（九）同位语（Appositive ）对前面的名词或代词做进一步的解释，通常由名词、数词、代词或从句担任，如： （请画出同位语）
1. This is Mr. Zhou, our headmaster.
2. Many students, about 60, are in my class.
（十）插入语（Parenthesis to be honest , I think (suppose, believe---)等， 如 To be frank, I don ’t quite agree with you.
练习（一）.指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分：
1. The s tudents got on the school bus.
2. He handed me the newspaper.
3. I shall a nswer your question after c lass.
4. What a beautiful Chinese painting!
5. They went hunting together early i n t he m orning.
6. His job is to t rain s wimmers.
7. He took many p hotos o f t he p alaces in B eijing.
8. There i s g oing t o b e an A merican f ilm tonight.
9. He is t o l eave f or S hanghai tomorrow.
10. His w ish is to b ecome a s cientist.
11. He managed to f inish t he w ork i n t ime.
12. Tom came to a sk m e f or a dvice.
13. He found it important to m aster E nglish.
14. Do you have anything else to s ay?
15. To b e h onest，your pronunciation is not so good.
16. Would you please tell me y our a ddress?
17. He sat there, r eading a n ewspaper.
18. It is our d uty to keep our classroom clean a nd t idy.
19. He noticed a man enter t he r oom.
20. The apples tasted sweet.
二．英语句子结构分析
通常，我们可以从两个不同的角度对句子进行分类：一是按句子的结构；二是按句子的用途。
1.如果按照句子的结构分类，英文句子可分为三个类别：简单句（Simple Sentence），并列句（Compound Sentence）和复合句（Complex Sentence）。这里所说的结构，主要是指句子中主语和谓语之间所构成的关系。
①简单句
S+V（主+谓）S+V+P(主+谓+
表) S+V+O（主+谓+宾）
S+V+o+O（主+谓+间宾+直宾）
S+V+O+C（主+谓+宾+宾补）
②并列句and, but, or，so
③复合句：定语从句名词从句（宾，主，表，同）状语从句
一．简单句（五种基本句型）
简单句是含有主语或并列主语和谓语或并列谓语的句子。
I am a webaholic.我是一个网虫。
Chatting on the internet is interesting. 我喜欢网上聊天。
Internet dating hurts.网恋有害。
I like chatting online.我喜欢网上聊天。
Chatting on the internet brings me a lot of fun.网上聊天给我带来很多乐趣。
We can call internet addicts a webaholic.我们管网上一隐君子叫网虫。
构为:简单句+并列连词+简单句。要想真正、全面掌握并列句,就让我们一起聆听它的“四重奏”吧!
1 联合并列句
并列连词:and(和、并且), 其中and 意为“和、又、而”，表示动作先后等，not only...but also...(不但……而且……)。Jim finished his homework and he went to bed. 吉姆写完作业,就上床睡觉了。
Not only I come to school early, but also my teacher does. 不但我到校早,而且我的老师也是如此。
2 选择并列句
并列连词:or(或者;否则,要不然),either...or...(或者……或者……),neither... nor...(既不……又不……)等。
You must tell the truth, or you will be punished. 你必须说真话,否则你将会受到惩罚。
Either you can do it by yourself, or you can ask someone else to do it. 你或者自己做,或者让别人去做。
3 转折并列句
并列连词:but(但是),however(然而),yet(但是),while(而,然而)等。其中but 意为“但是、可是、然而、不过”，表意思转折。
She’s good at English, but her Chinese isn’t good. 她擅长英语,但语文不好。
He worked hard, yet he failed. 他努力地干,然而失败了。
Tom is tall while his brother is short.
I’d like to go with you, however my hands are full. ,可是我忙不过来。
4 因果并列句并列连词:for(因为),表示因果关系，起解
释说明的作用。
so(所以)等。其中so 为“所以、结果”，表因果关系。
That was our first lesson, so she didn’t know all our names. 那是我们第一堂课,因此她并不知道所有人的名字。She didn’t come to school today, for she was ill. 今天她没来上学,因为她生病了。三．复合句是由一个主句加一个或几个从句所构成的句子，从句只用作句子的一个成份，不能独立，根据从
句在句子中的作用，可分为名词性从句，定语从句和状语从句三类。
一）名词性从句（高二精学）名词性从句包括主语从句，表语从句、
宾语从句、同位语从句
二）定语从句（高一精学）在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
引导定语从句的关系代
词有who, whom, whose, which, that 等和关系副词where, when, why 等。关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成分。
（三）状语从句（初中已学）状语从句在句中作状语，修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等。状语从句放在主句之前时，常用逗号分
开；放在主句之后，一般不用逗号。状语从句按其意义和作用可分为时间、条件、原因、让步、目的、结果、方式、比较、地点等９种。
1、时间状语从句
1）时间状语从句常用连词有when, as , while, before, after, since, till(until), as soon as, hardly ... when ..., no sooner ...than, the moment 等。
2）时间状语从句一般不用将来时，因此，主句若为将来时，时间状语从句要用一般现在时。例如：I'll go on with the work when I come back tomorrow.
3）连词when, while, as 都表示“当…的时候”，但是when 引导的从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发生，也可以先后发生；用as, while 时则强调主句和从句的动作同时发生。例如：
While I was reading, he came in.
As the walked along the street, he sang happily.
4）till(until)表示“一直到…”时，主句和从句都用肯定式；表示“直到…才…”时主句用否定式，从句用肯定式。
He did not get up till it was dark.他一直工作到天黑。
5）as soon as,和the moment 引导的从句表示“一…就…”；用no sooner … t han 和hardly…w hen 引导的从句表示“刚…就…”，主句中的动词一般用过去完成时，从句用过去时；而且主句一般倒装，把had 提到前面。
As soon as I finish the work, I'll go to see you.
Hardly had I entered the room, when I heard a loud noise.
2、原因状语从句
原因状语从句常用because, since 和as 引导。As it is snowing, we shall not go to the park.
3、地点状语从句
地点状语从句常用where, wherever 等连词引导；注意不要和where 引导的定语从句相混淆。例如：We shall go where working conditions are difficult.（状语从句）
We shall go to the place where work conditions are difficult.（定语从句）
4、条件状语从句
条件状语从句用if unless (if...not),as (so)long as（只要）等词引导，如果主句是将来时，条件状语从句用一般现在时表示。As long as I live, I shall work hard. I shall not go to school unless I finish my homework.
5、让步状语从句
让步状语从句由等词引导。
Clever as he is, he doesn't study well.
注意：由as
Although it rained heavily, they still went out.
No matter who asks her for advice, she is always ready to help.
注意：由although（though）引导的让步从句，主句不能用but。
6、结果状语从句
结果状语从句一般由so, so that, so...that, such...that 引导，放在主句之后。
The box is no heavy that nobody can move it.= It is such a heavy box that nobody can move it.
7、目的状语从句
目的状语从句常用so...that, so that, in order that 等引导，放在主句之后。
They started early that they might arrive in time.
He works hard in order that he can serve the country well.
8、方式状语从句
方式状语从句放在主句之后，用as, just as, as if, as though 等引导。as if 和as though 引导的从句一般用虚拟语气，但如果从句中所陈述的情况很可能实现，也可用陈述语气。例如：
The old man runs very fast as if he were a young man. You man do as you please.
9、比较状语从句
比较状语从句常由as ... as, than, not so ...,the more, the more 等词引导。比较从句部分常是省略句。
I know you better than he does. The more we can do for you, the happier we will be.
2 所谓用途分类是指，根据句子的意思，句子的语言功能和作用是什么，然后将其归类。按这种方法，所有的英语句子可以分成四个种类：陈述句（Declarative Sentence），疑问句（Interrogative Sentence），祈使句（Imperative Sentence）和感叹句（Exclamatory Sentence）。
高中英语语法(时态和语态) 一．动词的时态 时态是谓语动词所表示的动作或情况发生时间的各种形式。英语动词有16种时态，但是常见的只有九种：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、过去将来时、现在完成进行时。 (一）一般现在时（do / does） 1．具体用法 1) 表示经常性或习惯性动作 We always care for each other and help each other. 我们总是互相关心互相帮助。 He goes to school every day. 2)表示现在的特征或状态 He is very happy. Do you sing? ----A little. 3)表示普遍真理 Light travels faster than sound. 光速比声速快。 Actions speak louder than words. 行动胜过言语。 * 常与一般现在时态连用的词或短语主要有：often, usually, sometimes, every day, every morning/afternoon, on Sundays/weekends等等。 I often go to the cinema on Sundays. 我经常星期天去看电影。 He goes to work early every day. 他每天上班很早。 （二）一般过去时( did ) （1）表示过去某一特定时间所发生的、可完成的动作或状态，常与表示确切过去时间的词、短语或从句连用。例如： We went to the pictures last night and saw a very interesting film. （2）表示过去习惯性动作。例如： He always went to class last. I used to do my homework in the library. （三）一般将来时( will / shall do) 1）表示将来打算进行或期待发生的动作或状态。例如： I shall graduate next year. 2）一般将来时有时可以表示一种倾向或习惯性动作。如 Crops will die without water. You won’t succeed with out their support. 3) 几种替代形式： *be going to +v在口语中广泛使用，表示准备做或将发生的事情。例如： I'm going to buy a house when we've saved enough money. *be to +v表示计划安排要做的事，具有"必要"的强制性意义。例如： I am to play tennis this afternoon. *be about to +v表示即将发生的事情。例如： He was about to start. *be due to +v表示预先确定了的事，必定发生的事。例如： The train is due to depart in ten minutes. 5）少数动词如：begin, come, leave, go, arrive, start, stop, return, open, close等的一般现在时可用来表示将来的动作。（多用来表示按计划事先安排好即将发生的动作，句中通常还有一个表示将来的时间状语）。例如： The meeting begins at seven.
高中英语语法精讲精练(一倒装句与强调结构 1._______ smoking, he would not have got cancer in the lung. A. Was he given up B. Had he given up C. Did he give up D. If he gave up 2. Only when he had done it _______ that he had made a mistake. A. he then realized B. did he realize C. before D. he realized 3. Not until he got off the bus ______ that he had got his wallet stolen. A. he found B. did he find C. he had found D. had he found 4. Hardly ______ when it started raining. A. the game had begun B. the game began
C. did the game begin D. had the game begun 5. Nowhere else in the world _____ more friendly people than in China. A. you will find B. can you be able to find C. you may have found D. can you find 6. ______ did the students realize they were mistaken. A. It was until B. It was not until then C. Not until then D. Not until 7. Not only ______ a promise, but he also kept it. A. did he make B. he made C. had he made D. he had made 8. --- What happened to his new car? --- No sooner _______ it than someone ran into it.
专题一名词、介词和数词 1．The_________is just around the corner and you won’t miss it． A．bicycle’s shop B．bicycle shop C．bicycles shop D．bicycles’shop 2．Rose was wild with joy________the result of the examination． A．to B．at C．by D．as 3．________people in the world are sending information by E-mail every-day． A．Several million B．Many millions C．Several millions D．Many million 4．This is not a match．We’re playing chess just for________． A．habit B．hobby C．fun D．game 5．No matter what you do，you should put your________into it． A．mind B．heart C．brain D．thought 6．There are usually at least two________of looking at every question． A．means B．directions C．views D．ways 7．My chest________when I make a deep breath，doctor． A．harms B．wounds C．hurts D．injures 8．The home improvements have taken what little there is________my spare time． A．from B．in C．of D．at 9．Luckily，the bullet narrowly missed the captain________an inch． A．by B．at C．to D．from 10．To regain their________after an exhausting game，the players lay in the grass． A．force B．energy C．power D．health 11．According to the recent research，heavy coffee drinking and heart attack is not necessarily________and effect． A．reason B．impact C．fact D．cause 12．Every new________has the possibility of making or losing money． A．event B．venture C．adventure D．expedition 13．The conference has been held to discuss the effects of tourism________the wildlife in the area． A．in B．off C．at D．with 14．The young dancers looked so charming in their beautiful clothes that we took________pictures of them． A．many of B．masses of C．the number of D．a large amount of 15．“I don’t think it's my________that the TV blew up．I just turned it on，that’s a11．”said the boy． A．error B．mistake C．fault D．duty 16．One of the consequences of our planet’s being warming up is a(n) ________in the number of natural disasters． A．result B．account C．reason D．increase 17. Life is tough in the city．In order to lose their________，some people drink alcohol． A．temper B．mood C．consciousness D．pressures 18．I don’t mind picking up your things from the store．________，the walk will do! me good． A．Sooner or later B．Still C．In time D．Besides 19．The accident is reported to have occurred _______the first Sunday in February． A．at B．on C．in D．to 20．________two exams to worry about，I have to work really hard this weekend． A．With B．Besides C．As for D．Because of 21．He got to the station early，________missing his train．． A．in case of B．instead of C．for fear of D．in search of 22． I feel that one of my main duties________a teacher is to help the students to be．
高中英语语法复习讲义——动词的时态 一. 概念: 时态是英语谓语动词的一种形式，表示动作发生的时间和所处的状态.英语中的时态是通过动词形式本身的变化来实现的.英语有16种时态，但中学阶段较常用的有十种:一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时，过去将来时，现在进行时，过去进行时，将来进行时，过去完成时，英在完成时和现在完成进行时. 二.相关知识点精讲 1.一般现在时的用法 1) 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用。时间状语：every…，sometimes，at…，on Sunday。例如： I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七点离开家。 2) 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。例如： The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕太阳转动。 Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中国东部。 3) 表示格言或警句。例如： Pride goes before a fall.骄者必败。 注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。 例：Columbus proved that the earth is round. 哥伦布证实了地球是圆的。 4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。例如： I don't want so much. 我不要那么多。 Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 安英语写得不错，讲的可不行。 比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup. 把糖放入杯子。 I am doing my homework now. 我正在做功课。 第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作。第二句中的now是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况，所以后句用一般现在时。 2. 一般过去时的用法 1)在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。例如：时间状语有：yesterday，last week，an hour ago，the other day，in 1982等。例如： Where did you go just now? 刚才你上哪儿去了? 2)表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。例如：
高考英语语法专题复习动词时态和语态 Document number：PBGCG-0857-BTDO-0089-PTT1998
高考英语语法复习专题：动词时态和语态 一、考点聚焦 1、动词时态考查要点简述 （1）一般现在时考点分析 ①表示客观事实或普通真理（不受时态限制） The geography teacher told us the earth moves around the sun. Water boils at 100o C. ②表示现状、性质、状态时多用系动词或状态动词；表示经常或习惯性的动作，多用 动作动词，且常与表频率的时间状语连用。 Ice feels cold. We always care for each other and help each other. ③表示知觉、态度、感情、某种抽象的关系或概念的词常用一般现在时：see、hear、smell、taste、feel、notice、agree、believe、like、hate、want、think、belong seem等。如： I know what you mean. Smith owns a car and a house. All the students here belong to Middle School. ④在时间、条件状语从句中常用一般现在时代替将来时。但要注意由if 引导的条件状语从句中可以用shall或will表“意愿”，但不表示时态。 If you will accept my invitation and come to our party, my family will be pleased.如果你愿意接受并参加我们的舞会，我的家人会非常高兴。 ⑤少数用于表示起止的动词如come、go、leave、arrive、fly、return、start、begin、pen、close、end、stop等常用一般现在时代替将来时，表示一 个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作。当be表示根据时间或事先安排，肯定会出现的状态，只用一般现在时。 The shop closes at 11:00 . every day. Tomorrow is Wednesday.
高中英语语法精讲精练
高中英语语法精讲精练 (一) 倒装句与强调结构 (2) (二) 定语从句 (8) (三) 分词与动名词 (13) (四) 动词不定式 (19) (五) 情态动词 (25) (六) 虚拟语气 (31) (八) 名词性从句和状语从句 (37) (九)冠词、名词 (43) (十)代词、形容词和副词 (49) 答案 (55) 17
(一) 倒装句与强调结构 1._______ smoking, he would not have got cancer in the lung. A. Was he given up B. Had he given up C. Did he give up D. If he gave up 2. Only when he had done it _______ that he had made a mistake. A. he then realized B. did he realize C. before D. he realized 3. Not until he got off the bus ______ that he had got his wallet stolen. A. he found B. did he find C. he had found D. had he found 4. Hardly ______ when it started raining. 17
A. the game had begun B. the game began C. did the game begin D. had the game begun 5. Nowhere else in the world _____ more friendly people than in China. A. you will find B. can you be able to find C. you may have found D. can you find 6. ______ did the students realize they were mistaken. A. It was until B. It was not until then C. Not until then D. Not until 7. Not only ______ a promise, but he also kept it. 17
高三毕业总复习语法专项练习题1 1. —Have you enjoyed your visit here? —Yes, I’ll be very sorry _____. A. for leaving B. of leaving C. to leave D. with leaving 2. —I’ll help you whenever you need me. —Good. I’d like _____ me tomorrow. A. you helping B. that you will help C. you to help D. that you help 3. —Where did he go? —He went to another store _____. A. to buy pencils B. for buying pencils C. buy pencils D. buying pencils 4. —My baby has a heart trouble. —Did the doctor find it difficult _____? A. in treating B. treating C. for treating D. to treat 5. —Did the judge ask you many questions? —Yes, and _____. A.they were difficult to be answered B.to answer them was to be difficult C.they were difficult to answer D.they had difficulty in answering 6. The lost child desired nothing but _____ home. A. go B. to go C. going D. went 7. Last summer I took a course on _____. A. how to make dresses B. how dresses be made C. how to be made dresses D. how dresses to be made 8. I know him _____ a good basketball player while in college. A. to have been B. to be C. was D. had been 9. I was surprised _____. A. watching him to eat so quickly B. watch him eat so quickly C. watching him eat so quickly D. to watch him eat so quickly 10. Now we could not do anything but _____ for him here. A. waited B. waiting C. to wait D. wait 11. I don’t know her and I don’t _____. A. want B. want to C. want it D. want so 12. To play fair is as important as _____. A. to play well B. play well C. we play well D. playing well 13. It’s most foolish _____ so. A. for you to say B. of you to say C. with you saying D. in your saying 14. I have no pen _____. A. writing B. to write C. to write with D. to be writing 15. Those letters are _____ to the countryside right away. A. to be sent B. sending C. to have been sent D. sent 16. _____ our wishes, we must try our best to work well. A. Realizing B. To realize C. Realized D. Having realized 17. Would you please _____ on the table? A. don’t write B. not to write C. not write D. not writing 18. Tom pretended _____ something when his mother came in. A. writing B. to write C. to be writing D. being written 19. We are all afraid _____ by robbers. A. to rob B. to be robbed C. of robbing D. of being robbed 20. I’m sorry _____ off the light when I left the room. A. to forget to turn B. to have forgotten to turn C. to have forgotten turning D. to be forgetting turning 21. The child had no choice but _____. A. to cry B. cry C. crying D. cried
高中英语语法（时态语态篇）练习题精选 ( ) 1. –Where is the morning paper?–I ________ for you at once. A. get B. am getting C. to get D. will get ( ) 2. ________ a concert next Saturday? A. There will be B. Will there be C. There can be D. There are ( ) 3. If they come, we ________ a meeting. A. have B. will have C. had D. would have ( ) 4. If it ________ tomorrow, we’ll go roller-skating. A. isn’t rain B. won’t rain C. doesn’t rain D. doesn’t fine ( ) 5. Tomorrow he ________ a kite in the open air first, and then ______ boating in the park. A. will fly; will go B. will fly; goes C. is going to fly; will goes D. flies; will go ( ) 6. There ________ a birthday party this Sunday. A. shall be B. will be C. shall going to be D. will going to be ( ) 7. They ________ an English evening next Sunday. A. are having B. are going to have C. will having D. is going to have ( ) 8. Sorry, I can’t open the door, for I the key to it. A. lost B. lose C. had lost D. have lost ( ) 9. —It’s good to see you again, Agnes. —This has been our first chance to visit since from Iran. A. you return B. you returned C. you have returned D. returning ( ) 10. — Did you expect Frank to come to the party? — No, but I had hoped . A. him coming B. him to come C. that he comes D. that he would come ( ) 11. — Bob must be very wealthy. — Yes, he more in one day than I do in a week.
高考英语——动词的时态和语态（专项练习题） 单句语法填空 1．We can achieve a lot when we learn to let our differences unite，rather than ________ (divide) us. 2．Silk ________(become) one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC. 3．When the time came to make the final decision for a course，I decided to apply for the one that ________(reflect) my interest. 4．More efforts，as reported，________(make)in the years ahead to accelerate the supply－side structural reform. 5．Dashan，who ________ (learn)crosstalk，the Chinese comedic tradition，for decades，wants to mix it up with the Western stand－up tradition. 6．When walking down the street，I came across David，whom I ________ (see) for years. 7．Two years ago，while Cathy ________ (watch) the Olympics，a dream came into her sweet little head—to be a swimmer. 8．Jack ________(work)in the lab when the power cut occurred. 9.I ________(read)half of the English novel，and I’ll try to finish it at the weekend. 10．The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts ________ (reward)success in the end. 11．—Excuse me，which movie are you waiting for? —The new Star Wars.We ________ (wait)here for more than two hours. 12．Secret codes keep messages private.Banks，companies，and government agencies use secret codes in doing business，especially when information ________ (send)by computer. 13．People in this area are in fact French citizens because it________(be) a colony of the French Republic since 1946.
动名词 《语法讲解》 一、动名词的句法功能 动名词具有名词的性质，因此在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语等。(一)、作主语 1）直接位于句首做主语。 Reading is an art. 读书是一种艺术。 Climbing mountains is really fun. 爬山真是有趣。 〖注意〗：动名词做主语时，谓语动词为单数 2）用it 作形式主语，把动名词(真实主语)置于句尾作后置主语。 It is no use/no good crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收 It is fun playing with children. 和孩子们一起玩真好。 式）。 3）动名词的复合结构作主语 当动名词有自己的逻辑主语时，常可以在前面加上一个物主代词或名词所有格，构成动名词的复合结构。动名词的复合结构也可以在句中作主语。例如：Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us. 他们前来帮忙对我们来说是极大的鼓舞。 Lao Li’s going there won’t be of much help. 老李去不会有多大帮助。 （二）、作宾语 （1）作动词的宾语 *某些动词后出现非限定性动词时只能用动名词作宾语，不能用不定式。常见的此类动词有：advise, suggest, allow, permit, avoid, consider, enjoy, finish, cannot help, imagine, include, keep, keep on, mind, miss, delay, practise, resist, postpone(推迟)，deny(否认), appreciate (欣赏，感激), escape, excuse, pardon, can’t stan d, put off, give up等。如： Would you mind opening the window?吧窗户打开好吗？ She suggested going to the Great Wall for the spring outing. 她建议去长城春游。 Seeing the picture, he couldn’t help laughing. 看了这幅画，他禁不住大笑起来。*在下面这种结构中也可以用动名词（短语）做宾语：find/think/consider… + it （形式宾语）+ no use/no good/useless… + v.ing（真正宾语）. I found it pleasant walking along the seashore. 在海滩上走真是乐事。 Do you consider it any good trying again? 你认为再试一次有好处吗？ *形容词worth后也可接动名词，作为复合谓语的宾语。 The music is well worth listening to more than once. 这种曲子很值得多听几遍。（2）作介词的宾语 *能接动名词的短语有：think of/about, dream of/about, hear of, prevent/keep/stop…from…, depend on, set about, succeed (in), worry about, burst out,
高中英语所有语法专题大汇总 高中阶段的英语学习，其实就是学语法、记单词和研究并熟练题型。其中，语法是大多数同学最头疼的问题，原因在于其内容之繁杂和零散，因此，老师将高中英语所有语法专题总结在一起，供大家系统学习。（老师以过来人的身份告诉你哦，高中是系统学习语法的最佳时机，到了大学，就主要是以背单词为主了！） 专题一定语从句 一、关系代词引导的定语从句 1、that 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 which 指物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语（作宾语时可以省略） who 指人在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 whom 指人在从句中作宾语 whose 指人或物在从句中作定语 as 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 but 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 注意：指物时，whose+名词=the+名词+of which或of which+the+名词 2、as 的用法 （1）常用于下列结构：such…as; so…as;the same…as; as…as 注意：the same…as 表示同一类，不同一个 the same…that 表示同一个 （2）as与which的区别 a、位置不同 as可放在主句后，主句前或主句中间；which只能放在主句后。 b、as起连接作用，表达说话人的观点、看法，并指出主句内容的根据或出处，意为“正如，正像”。 Which相当于并列句，可以用and this来代替，意为“这一点，这件事’”。 注意：as常用于下列结构：as we know/ as is known to all, as we all can see, as has been said before/above, as might be excepted, as is often the case, 一般不能用which代替as。 c、在从句中作主语时，which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语，而as只可作系动词be的主语。 3、but用作关系代词，相当于who/that…not 例：In China there is no one but knows Lei Feng. 二、只用that不用which的情况
2021年高考英语语法精讲精练专题八动词的时态和语态动词的时态和语态是高考必考考点。时态（tense）是一种动词形式，同一动词的不同变化形式表达不同的时态，英语中有16种时态。《xx年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲》附录语法项目表中对于时态列了十项：（1）一般现在时（2）一般过去时（3）一般将来时（4）现在进行时（5）过去进行时（6）过去将来时（7）将来进行时（8）现在完成时（9）过去完成时（10）现在完成进行时；此外还列了被动语态，并将其作为单独一项。 xx年高考全国卷Ⅰ第61题（语法填空）考查了动词arrive的一般过去时arrived；第71题（短文改错）考查了think变为过去时thought；第75题（短文改错）考查了被动语态，删掉been；第79题（短文改错）考查了将动词过去时的found变为现在时的find。 xx年高考全国卷Ⅰ第62题（语法填空）考查了allow的一般过去时的被动语态was allowed；第74题（短文改错）考查了将过去时had变为现在时的have；77题（短文改错）考查了将using变为被动used。 xx年高考全国卷Ⅰ第64题（语法填空）考查了remove的一般现在时的被动语态are removed；第74题（短文改错）考查了将动词goes变成一般过去时went。 各种时态构成表：（以do为例）
一、一 般现在时：动词原形或第三人称单数 1．构成：使用动词原形，第三人称单数须有变化。 （1）直接加“s”：work→works，take→takes （2）以辅音加“y”结尾，变“y”为“i”，再加“es”：car ry→carries （3）以“o, s, x, ch, sh”结尾的动词加“es”：go→goes，dress→dresses，watch→watches， finish→finishes
高中英语语法练习题-高考精粹 1. Ms Nancy didn't mind at all ______ to the ceremony. A. being not invited B. not being invited C. not inviting D. not to be invited 2. "_____ your meeting is!" he offered them his sincere congratulations. A. How a great success B. What a great success C. How great success D. What great success 3. We must remember that _____fashion is not the most important thing in _______ life. A. /; the B. /; / C. the; / D. the; the 4. It _____ quite a few years _____ the accused was declared innocent and set free. A. was; since B. is; that C. will be; when D. was; before 5. The professor said he could talk on _____ interested the audience. A. any topic B. which topic C. whichever topic D. the topic he thought it 6.Under no circumstance _____ to tell lies to parents. A. children are allowed B. are children allowed C. children will allow D. will children allow 7.Modern science and technology has _____ communication between people far apart. A. made convenient B. made it convenient C. made it convenient for D. made it convenient to 8.I heard that you really had a wonderful time at John's birthday party, _____? A. didn't I B. didn't you C. hadn't you D. will you 9.The great use of school education is not so much to teach you things _____ to teach you the art of learning. A. as B. that C. than D. but 10.No matter how frequently _____ the works of Beethoven always attract a large number of people.
高考英语语法时态复习教案 君山区第一中学杨春霞 Step 1：导入（用一个小幽默故事导入时态复习） The Father and His Son Father: You know, Tom, when Lincoln ___(be) your age, he ___(be) a very good pupil. In fact, he ___(be) the best pupil in his class. Tom: Yes, Father. I ____ (know) that. But when he ____(be) your age, he____ (be) President of the United States. Step2：高考命题思路 动词的时态和语态是历年高考英语测试的重中之重，每年试题一般不低于两道。命题思路有三种： 一是直接给出标志性时间状语，考生能根据其作出选择； 二是给出时间状语，但所给时间状语有较强的干扰性，考生不能直接根据时间状语作出选择，而需要结合语境进行判断； 三是没有任何时间状语，需要借助于上下文语境，才能作出正确判断。 Step 3 应考策略 高考命题中往往不会涉及单一的时态，而是更多地侧重于时态的交叉使用和时态干扰。 考生答题时要认真研读题干，寻找尽可能多的“时间参照信息”，尤其是句中其他动词的时态，以及修饰动词的状语信息等等。关于被动语态题，做题时应首先根据主语与谓语的关系确定是否是被动关系，然后再根据有关时间信息确定用哪种时态。 Step 4： 最常用的几种时态与时间状语的搭配 一般现在every …, sometimes,at …, on Sunday 现在进行now, 现在完成for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in the past years, always, recently 一般过去yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982, just now